A main grid and distribution network precise fault line switching control method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to a precise fault tripping control method and system for main and distribution networks, belonging to the field of power grid tripping control. This invention unifies the modeling of substation dedicated line switches and distribution network boundary switches, generating a control sequence for all controllable switches in the main and distribution networks. Through model and real-time data interaction between the main and distribution network systems, and based on dual mapping verification using equipment keywords, switch numbers, and distribution network boundary switch IDs, it ensures the accuracy of the status of controllable switches and the amount of load that can be cut off, and binds load importance classification tags. During power curtailment, based on the cutting target, an algorithm combining priority weighting and load margin correction is used to automatically select the line, generating control lists for the main and distribution networks. Energy management and distribution management respectively call the group control interface for batch cutting off. Distribution management sends the control results up, and energy management calculates the load cutting progress in real time, replenishing any under-cut loads to form a closed-loop correction. This achieves precise and rapid cutting off of controllable loads, ensuring safety and reducing the impact on people's livelihoods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution network dispatch and control technology, and in particular to a method and system for precise fault-based circuit control of the main distribution network. Background Technology

[0002] The energy management system of existing power monitoring systems has a widely used load batch control function, which can quickly disconnect 10kV dedicated line switches in substations within a short period of time. In emergency power grid control scenarios such as accidents or power outages, the regional main grid energy management system usually implements power rationing by batch controlling 10kV dedicated lines in substations. Although this method is fast, the control means are simple and crude: the loads carried by 10kV dedicated lines often include both residential, hospital, school, and water supply loads and interruptible industrial and commercial loads. Indiscriminately disconnecting the entire dedicated line will directly impact residential power supply and easily trigger public opinion incidents.

[0003] In the distribution network, a large number of power users are connected through distribution network boundary switches, which are the natural boundaries for achieving refined control of user-side loads. If dispatchers manually select and disconnect boundary switches one by one, it is difficult to meet the timeliness requirements of accident handling. Furthermore, the main grid energy management system and the distribution network distribution management system belong to different systems and are maintained by their respective models. The main grid energy management system cannot directly grasp the real-time status and available load of the distribution network boundary switches, nor can it directly control them. In addition, existing batch control technology has the following shortcomings: First, line selection is simply arranged according to switch sequence or load size, without considering the public welfare attributes and importance of the load, resulting in insufficient accuracy; Second, the load that can be cut off is directly based on real-time telemetry values, without considering telemetry errors and load fluctuations, which easily leads to insufficient or excessive cut-off; Third, the control process is in open-loop mode, and there is no automatic compensation when switches fail to operate or load fluctuations cause undercutting; Fourth, the direct interaction between the main grid energy management system and numerous county and district distribution network systems will form a one-to-many connection, which is complex and unreliable; Fifth, the control commands lack effective anti-replay and anti-miscontrol mechanisms, and there are safety hazards when the mapping of the main grid and distribution network models is inconsistent.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a precise fault-blocking control method for the main and distribution networks, enabling the energy management system to accurately and quickly disconnect distribution network boundary switches in batches, thereby achieving precise disconnection of non-residential controllable loads in the entire and local power grids, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid while minimizing the impact on residential electricity consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a method and system for precise fault-based road control in main and distribution networks.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for precise fault-based circuit control in a main distribution network, comprising: A unified model is used for the dedicated line switches of substations under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and the boundary switches of the distribution network under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. A control sequence containing all controllable switches of the main grid and distribution network is generated in the main grid energy management system. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. The distribution network management system pushes model data and real-time data of the distribution network boundary switches to the main grid energy management system; the main grid energy management system matches and updates the model data according to the equipment keywords, and performs mapping verification on the real-time data according to the combination of equipment keywords, switch numbers and distribution network boundary switch IDs; for the controllable switches that pass the mapping verification, the remote signaling status, controllable status and load shedding capacity are updated, and for the controllable switches that fail the mapping verification, the controllable status is set to no; In response to the set target value of load shedding, the system automatically selects the line based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, load shedding capacity, and load importance classification labels of each controllable switch in the control sequence, using a combination of priority weighting and load shedding margin correction. After monitoring and confirmation, the system generates the main grid control list and the distribution network control list. The main grid energy management system calls the group control interface to cut off the corresponding main grid dedicated line switch according to the main grid control list, and sends the distribution network control list to the regional distribution network management system. The regional distribution network management system decomposes the distribution network control list to the distribution network management systems of each county and district according to the scope of its management. The distribution network management systems of each county and district cut off the distribution network boundary switches in their respective areas. The regional distribution network management system periodically summarizes the control results of each county and district and pushes them to the main grid energy management system. The main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shedding amount based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch. When the difference between the target load shedding amount and the actual load shedding amount exceeds the preset under-cutting threshold, it automatically selects a replacement line from the undisconnected control switches and performs the replacement shedding until the under-cutting amount meets the requirements or the number of replacements reaches the preset upper limit.

[0007] Furthermore, the model data includes the switch number, ID and name of the distribution network sectionalizing switch in the control sequence, and the feeder ID and name to which the distribution network sectionalizing switch belongs; the real-time data includes the switch number, ID of the distribution network sectionalizing switch, remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shedding capacity; the equipment keyword is the distribution network sectionalizing switch ID or the switch number.

[0008] Furthermore, the main grid energy management system matches and updates the model data based on device keywords, and performs mapping verification on the real-time data based on the combination of device keywords, switch numbers, and distribution network boundary switch IDs. This includes: after receiving real-time data, the main grid energy management system first determines whether the corresponding distribution network boundary switch model exists based on the device keywords. If it does not exist, the real-time data is discarded. If it exists, it continues to determine whether the mapping relationship between the switch number and the distribution network boundary switch ID is correct. For the controllable switches that pass the mapping verification, the remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shelving capacity are updated. For the controllable switches that fail the mapping verification, the controllable status is set to no.

[0009] Furthermore, the automatic route selection process, which combines priority weighting and shearable load margin correction, includes the following steps: Each controlled switch is pre-assigned a load importance classification label; the load importance classification label is classified according to the public service attributes and importance of the load connected to the controlled switch. Receive the set target value for load shedding, control sequence, and real-time information of each parameter control switch; The filter is in a split state, the controllable state is no, the correctable load is a non-positive value, and the switch for power supply protection for people's livelihood is prohibited from being cut off; The remaining load capacity of the controllable switches is adjusted based on the margin coefficient of the controllable switches. The margin coefficient is determined based on the telemetry accuracy level and the historical load fluctuation rate, and the value is smaller when the load fluctuation is greater. Switches are stratified according to the priority weight determined by the load importance classification label, and within each stratum they are sorted according to the line selection method selected by the dispatcher. The switches will be selected sequentially and their corrected load capacity will be accumulated until the accumulated value is not less than the target value of the load to be cut off. Over-shear deviation verification: If the difference between the cumulative value and the target value of the shelved load exceeds the preset over-shear deviation allowable value, the last selected switch will be replaced with the unselected switch whose capacity is closest to the difference and the verification will be repeated. Output the route selection results to form the main network control list and distribution network control list candidates.

[0010] Furthermore, the line selection methods include selecting the switch number in the control sequence from top to bottom or bottom to top, selecting the corrected load capacity, selecting the substation, and selecting the cycle. When selecting the line by cycle, priority is given to the switch that has been disconnected the fewest times in history to avoid the same batch of users being disconnected repeatedly.

[0011] Furthermore, the timestamp generated by the distribution network control list is used as the unique interaction identifier ID for the control process based on the control list. The unique interaction identifier ID remains unchanged in all main and distribution network interaction messages in the control process. The main grid energy management system and the distribution network power distribution management system perform consistency verification on the unique interaction identifier ID in the interaction message and refuse to execute messages with inconsistent verification to prevent control command replay and crosstalk.

[0012] Furthermore, when an abnormality occurs in the control, the main grid energy management system issues an emergency stop command to terminate the unexecuted switch control. Upon receiving the emergency stop command, the distribution network power distribution management system immediately terminates the control and sends up the current control results.

[0013] Furthermore, it supports multi-state control in test mode, preset mode, and execution mode: test mode only verifies whether the control interaction logic of the main grid and distribution network system is normal, and does not actually issue control commands to the substation; preset mode sends preset execution commands to the substation and issues cancellation execution commands after receiving feedback from the substation, which is used for main grid and distribution network collaborative control exercise scenarios; execution mode is the actual control mode, which is used to deal with emergency control scenarios of the power grid such as accidents or over-power supply.

[0014] Furthermore, the main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shelved based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch using the following formula: ,in, Ω represents the actual load cut-off amount; Ω represents the set of switches cut off in this control operation. The active power telemetry value before the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; The active power telemetry value after the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; the under-disconnection amount is obtained by calculating the difference between the target value of the disconnected load and the actual disconnected load. L is the target value of the shear load; when the undercut is... When the undercut amount exceeds the preset undercut threshold, the undercut amount will be used. For the target value, automatic line selection and replacement are performed from the control switches that have never been disconnected, using a combination of priority weighting and load margin correction. Replacement is executed after monitoring confirmation, and the undercut is recalculated until the undercut is reached. The number of replacement attempts is not greater than the undercut threshold or the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit; after the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit, an alarm is issued and the case is transferred to manual processing.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a precise fault-blocking control system for a main grid and distribution network, comprising: a main grid energy management system, a distribution network power distribution management system, and an actuator; The main network energy management system includes: The unified model management module performs unified modeling of substation dedicated line switches under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and distribution network boundary switches under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. It generates a control sequence in the main grid energy management system that includes all controllable switches of the main and distribution networks. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. The model and real-time data parsing service module is used to receive model data and real-time data of distribution network boundary switches pushed by the distribution network management system to the main grid energy management system, match and update the model data according to the equipment keywords, and perform mapping verification on the real-time data according to the combination of equipment keywords, switch number and distribution network boundary switch ID; update the remote signaling status, controllable status and load shedding amount of the controllable switches that pass the mapping verification, and set the controllable status to no for the controllable switches that fail the mapping verification. The load classification label binding and load shelving margin correction module is used to bind load importance classification labels to the controlled switches and to correct the load shelving margin. The intelligent route selection module is used to respond to the set load shedding target value. Based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, load shedding capacity and load importance classification label of each controllable switch in the control sequence, it automatically selects the route using a combination of priority weight hierarchical and load shedding capacity margin correction method. After monitoring and confirmation, it generates the main network control list and distribution network control list. The monitoring and confirmation module is used to monitor and confirm the route selection results. The batch control processing module is used to call the group control interface to cut off the corresponding main network dedicated line switch according to the main network control list; The control process interaction assurance module is used to generate and issue the distribution network control list, maintain the unique interaction identifier ID, and issue control emergency stop commands; The undercut automatic replenishment closed-loop correction module is used to calculate the actual load cut-off based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the cut-off of the main grid energy management system. When the difference between the target value of the cut-off load and the actual cut-off load, i.e. the undercut amount, exceeds the preset undercut threshold, it automatically selects a line from the uncut control switches and performs the replenishment cut-off until the undercut amount meets the requirements or the replenishment number reaches the preset upper limit. The power distribution management system includes: The system includes a list receiving and decomposition module and a control result summarization and uploading module. The list receiving and decomposition module is used to receive the distribution network control list and decompose it to the distribution management systems of each county and district according to the scope of regulation. The control result summarization and uploading module is used to periodically summarize the control results of the distribution management systems of each county and district and push them to the main grid energy management system. The actuators include substation dedicated line switches and distribution network boundary switches, which are controlled by the main grid batch control processing program and the distribution management systems of each county and district calling existing group control interfaces, respectively. The system is used to execute the aforementioned precise fault-blocking control method for the main and distribution networks.

[0016] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages compared with the prior art: In this application, the main and distribution networks are uniformly modeled to generate control sequences. The control list calls existing group control interfaces to implement batch cutoffs. The regional distribution network management system decomposes these cutoffs in parallel to each county and district for execution, meeting the timeliness requirements of emergency control scenarios such as accidents or power outages. By using load importance classification labels and priority weights for hierarchical line selection, the cutoff targets automatically avoid power supply loads for residential use. Through load margin correction and over-cutting deviation verification and replacement, the actual cutoff amount closely matches the target value, avoiding the impact of extensive whole-line cutoffs on residential power consumption. A dual mapping verification using equipment keywords and switch numbers, as well as boundary switch IDs, is used to prevent model inconsistencies and miscontrols. A unique timestamp-based interactive identifier (ID) prevents control command replay and crosstalk. Combined with monitoring confirmation, emergency stop control, and multi-state control, a complete anti-misoperation system is formed. The actual load shedding amount is calculated based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after shedding. Automatic supplementary shedding is performed for under-shearing caused by switch failure or load fluctuations, achieving closed-loop correction of load shedding effect and statistically analyzing load shedding completion. Control interactions are aggregated through the regional distribution network management system, avoiding one-to-many connections with the main grid energy management system. The main grid energy management system monitors the control status of the distribution network management system in real time and displays the load shedding progress of the main and distribution networks graphically, facilitating timely control progress monitoring and adjustments by dispatchers.

[0017] By unifying the modeling of main grid dedicated line switches and distribution network boundary switches, ensuring secure interaction between main grid and distribution network models and real-time data, intelligent line selection based on load importance classification and margin correction, list-based main grid and distribution network collaborative batch cut-off, and automatic undercutting replenishment closed-loop correction, the precise, rapid, and safe cut-off of non-residential controllable loads can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a precise fault-based road control method for main and distribution networks provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A flowchart illustrating the automatic route selection method combining priority weighting and shearable load margin correction provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 A supplementary flowchart provided for embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a precise fault-blocking control system for the main distribution network provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for precise fault-based road control in a main distribution network, which includes the following steps: S1. Unify the modeling of substation dedicated line switches under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and distribution network boundary switches under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. Generate a control sequence in the main grid energy management system that includes all controllable switches of the main grid and distribution network. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. S2. The distribution network management system pushes model data and real-time data of the distribution network boundary switches to the main grid energy management system. The main grid energy management system matches and updates the model data according to the equipment keywords, and performs mapping verification on the real-time data according to the combination of equipment keywords, switch numbers and distribution network boundary switch IDs. After receiving the real-time data, the main grid energy management system first determines whether the corresponding distribution network boundary switch model exists according to the equipment keywords. If it does not exist, the real-time data is discarded. If it exists, it continues to determine whether the mapping relationship between the switch number and the distribution network boundary switch ID is correct. For the control switches that pass the mapping verification, the remote signaling status, controllable status and load shedding capacity are updated. For the control switches that fail the mapping verification, the controllable status is set to no.

[0024] The model data includes the switch number, ID and name of the distribution network sectionalizing switch in the control sequence, and the feeder ID and name to which the distribution network sectionalizing switch belongs. The real-time data includes the switch number, ID of the distribution network sectionalizing switch, remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shedding capacity. The equipment keyword is either the ID of the distribution network sectionalizing switch or the switch number. The model data message structure of the distribution network is shown in Table 1, and the real-time data message structure of the distribution network is shown in Table 2.

[0025] Table 1. Model Data Message Structure of Distribution Network

[0026] Table 2 Real-time Data Message Structure of Distribution Network

[0027] S3. In response to the load shedding target value set by the dispatcher, the system automatically selects the line based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, load shedding capacity, and load importance classification labels of each control switch in the control sequence, using a combination of priority weighting and load shedding capacity margin correction. After monitoring and confirmation, the system generates the main grid control list and the distribution network control list.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic route selection method, which combines priority weighting and shearable load margin correction, includes: Each control switch is pre-assigned a load importance classification label; the load importance classification label is divided into levels according to the public service attributes and importance of the loads connected to the control switch. Control switches corresponding to public service power supply loads are excluded during line selection, and the remaining control switches are assigned a priority weight for disconnection according to their level. The higher the priority weight corresponding to the level, the higher the priority is selected during line selection.

[0029] For example, the labels are divided into four levels, G0 to G3, based on the public service attributes and importance of the loads connected to the switches. Their definitions and selection strategies are shown in Table 1. During selection, switches corresponding to G0-level public service loads are directly excluded. Switches in levels G1 to G3 are assigned a priority weight based on their level, with higher priority weights being selected first. The definitions of the load importance classification labels are shown in Table 3.

[0030] Table 3. Definition of Load Importance Classification Labels

[0031] Receive the load shedding target value L, control sequence, and real-time information of each controlled switch set by the dispatcher; The filter is in a split position, the controllable state is no, the correctable load is a non-positive value, and the control switch for G0 level residential power supply is prohibited from being cut off; Based on the margin coefficient of the controllable switches, the remaining shearable load of the controllable switches is adjusted for margin. Considering telemetry errors and real-time load fluctuations, directly selecting lines based on the real-time shearable load can easily lead to insufficient or excessive shearing. This invention adjusts the shearable load for margin, and the adjustment formula is as follows: In the formula: Let i be the corrected load capacity of the i-th parameter-controlled switch; This represents the load that can be cut off before the correction of the i-th parameter-controlled switch; is the margin coefficient corresponding to the i-th control switch, with a value range of (0,1]. The margin coefficient is determined based on the telemetry accuracy level and the historical load fluctuation rate. The larger the load fluctuation, the smaller the value. The typical value is 0.85 to 0.95, which is used to absorb telemetry errors and load fluctuations. i is the control switch number, i = 1, 2, ..., n; n is the total number of control switches.

[0032] First, the filtered control switches are stratified according to the priority weight determined by the load importance classification label, and then sorted by the preset line selection method within the layer. The optional line selection methods include the control sequence switch number from top to bottom or bottom to top, the modified cut-off load size, the substation, and the cycle. When selecting lines by cycle, the switch with the fewest disconnections in history is selected first to avoid the same batch of users being repeatedly disconnected.

[0033] The control switches will be selected sequentially and their corrected load shedding amounts will be accumulated until the accumulated value is not less than the target load shedding value L; the selection objective is to minimize the over-shear deviation while satisfying the constraint that the accumulated value is not less than the target load shedding value, that is: , , in, is the selection variable for the i-th parameter-controlled switch, where 1 indicates selection and 0 indicates non-selection; L is the target value for load shedding.

[0034] The system detects the difference between the cumulative corrected load capacity and the target load value of the selected control switch, as well as the allowable over-cut deviation value. If the difference between the cumulative corrected load capacity and the target load value of the selected control switch exceeds the preset allowable over-cut deviation value, the last selected switch is replaced with the smaller capacity unselected switch whose capacity is closest to the difference value, and then the system is re-verified.

[0035] Output the route selection results to form the main network control list and distribution network control list candidates.

[0036] The above-mentioned route selection objective aims to minimize over-cutting deviation while ensuring that the cumulative corrected load shedding amount is not less than the target value of the load to be shedding. The dispatcher initiates the control process by manually setting the target value of the load to be shedding. The intelligent route selection module automatically selects the controllable switches to form candidates for the main grid control list and the distribution network control list. If the dispatcher is not satisfied with the route selection result, they can reselect the route. If satisfied, they can send a monitoring confirmation. After the monitoring confirmation is passed, the main grid control list and the distribution network control list are automatically generated. If the monitoring rejects the confirmation, the current control is terminated or the monitoring is re-initiated.

[0037] S4. The main grid energy management system calls the group control interface to cut off the corresponding main grid dedicated line switch according to the main grid control list, and sends the distribution network control list to the regional distribution network management system. The regional distribution network management system decomposes the distribution network control list to the distribution network management systems of each county and district according to the scope of its management. Each county and district distribution network management system cuts off the distribution network boundary switches in its area and sends the cutting status in real time. The regional distribution network management system periodically summarizes the control results of each county and district and pushes them to the main grid energy management system. After parsing, the main grid energy management system updates the real-time database and then displays the main grid load shedding progress in a graphical manner.

[0038] The control process interaction achieves the following characteristics: The timestamp of the distribution network control list generation is used as the unique interaction identifier ID for this control process. This unique interaction identifier ID remains unchanged throughout all interaction messages in this control process. The main distribution network system performs consistency verification on the unique interaction identifier ID in the received messages, rejecting messages with inconsistent verification to prevent control command replay and crosstalk; the main grid energy management system only interacts with the regional distribution network management system, and the control results of each county / district are aggregated and sent upwards by the regional distribution network management system, avoiding one-to-many connections in control interaction between the main distribution network system; it supports an emergency stop function, when the control... When an anomaly occurs, the main grid energy management system issues an emergency stop command. The main grid batch control processing program immediately terminates any unexecuted switch controls. Upon receiving this command, the distribution network management system immediately terminates the control and uploads the current control result. Multi-state control is supported: In test mode, only the normality of the control interaction logic between the main grid and distribution network systems is verified; no actual control commands are sent to the substation. In preset mode, preset execution commands are sent to the substation, and after receiving feedback from the substation, a cancellation execution command is issued, which can be used for main grid and distribution network collaborative control drills. Execution mode is the actual control mode, responding to emergency grid control scenarios such as accidents or power outages.

[0039] S5. The main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shedding amount based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch. It calculates the difference between the target load shedding amount and the actual load shedding amount to obtain the under-shear amount. When the under-shear amount exceeds the preset under-shear threshold, it automatically selects a replacement line from the undisconnected control switches and performs the replacement shedding until the under-shear amount meets the requirements or the number of replacements reaches the preset upper limit.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shelving amount based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch using the following formula: ,in, Ω represents the actual load cut-off amount; Ω represents the set of switches cut off in this control operation. The active power telemetry value before the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; The active power telemetry value after the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; the under-disconnection amount is obtained by calculating the difference between the target value of the disconnected load and the actual disconnected load. L is the target value of the shear load; when the undercut is... When the undercut amount exceeds the preset undercut threshold, the undercut amount will be used. For the target value, automatic line selection and replacement are performed from the control switches that have never been disconnected, using a combination of priority weighting and load margin correction. Replacement is executed after monitoring confirmation, and the undercut is recalculated until the undercut is reached. The number of replacement attempts is not greater than the undercut threshold or the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit; after the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit, an alarm is issued and the case is transferred to manual processing.

[0041] Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, the main grid precise fault tripping system of the present invention includes: a main grid energy management system, a distribution grid power distribution management system, and an actuator.

[0042] The main grid energy management system deploys a unified model management module, a model and real-time data parsing service, a load classification label binding and shelvable load margin correction module, an intelligent line selection module, a monitoring confirmation and multi-state control module, a batch control processing program, a control process interaction guarantee module, an under-shear automatic replenishment closed-loop correction module, a real-time library and graphical display module.

[0043] The power distribution management system adopts a two-tier architecture of regional and county levels. The regional power distribution management system deploys a list receiving and decomposition module and a control result summarization and uploading module. The power distribution management systems of each county are responsible for executing the disconnection of the power distribution boundary switches within their respective areas.

[0044] The main grid energy management system and the distribution network power distribution management system exchange three types of information: first, the models and real-time data pushed by the distribution network power distribution management system to the main grid energy management system; second, the distribution network control list and emergency stop command issued by the main grid energy management system to the regional distribution network power distribution management system, the distribution network control list containing a unique interaction identifier ID; and third, the control results summarized and sent by the regional distribution network power distribution management system to the main grid energy management system.

[0045] The actuators include substation dedicated line switches and distribution network boundary switches, which are controlled by the main grid batch control processing program and the existing group control interfaces of the distribution management systems of each county and district.

[0046] The unified model management module performs unified modeling of substation dedicated line switches under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and distribution network boundary switches under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. It generates a control sequence in the main grid energy management system that includes all controllable switches of the main and distribution networks. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. After the model and real-time data parsing service is started and registered with the system management, it waits in real time to receive models and real-time data pushed by the distribution network. When the model and real-time data parsing service receives model data pushed by the distribution network management system, it compares the data with the existing distribution network models in the main grid energy management system based on the device keywords, and then performs insertion or update operations, while binding load importance classification tags. When it receives real-time data pushed by the distribution network management system, it first determines whether the distribution network boundary switch model exists based on the device keywords. If it does not exist, it is discarded. If it exists, it continues to determine whether the combination mapping relationship between the switch number and the distribution network boundary switch ID is correct. If the mapping relationship is incorrect, the controllable status of this switch is set to "no". If the mapping relationship is correct, the remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shelving capacity are updated.

[0047] The above interaction achieves the following characteristics: The main grid energy management system selects the distribution network boundary switch ID or switch number as the equipment keyword based on the actual situation. The model data is pushed in a combination of full and incremental methods, and real-time data is pushed at fixed intervals. The energy management system determines whether the model exists based on the equipment keyword, and determines whether the mapping is correct based on the combination of switch number and distribution network boundary switch ID. It only updates the remote signaling status, controllable status and load shedding quantity for distribution network switches that meet the conditions, and sets the controllable status to "no" for distribution network switches that do not meet the conditions, so as to ensure control safety in the case of asymmetric mapping of distribution network parameter control boundary switch models in the main grid and distribution network systems.

[0048] The load classification tag binding and load shelving margin correction module is used to bind load importance classification tags to the controlled switches and to correct the load shelving margin.

[0049] To minimize the impact on people's livelihoods and achieve precise load shedding during power rationing, the intelligent line selection module responds to the load shedding target value set by the dispatcher. Based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, shedding load capacity, and load importance classification labels of each controlled switch in the control sequence, it automatically selects the line using a combination of priority weighting and shedding load margin correction. After monitoring confirmation, it generates a main grid control list and a distribution network control list. The automatic line selection method combining priority weighting and shedding load margin correction includes: This invention pre-assigns a load importance classification label to each controlled switch. The load importance classification label is divided into four levels, G0 to G3, based on the residential power supply attributes and importance of the loads connected to the switch. During line selection, switches corresponding to G0-level residential power supply loads are directly excluded. Switches in levels G1 to G3 are assigned a priority weight for disconnection based on their level, with higher priority weights being selected first.

[0050] The inputs to the intelligent route selection module are the target load shedding value L set by the dispatcher, the control sequence, and the real-time information of each control switch.

[0051] The control switches are set to the following: filter status is not specified, controllable status is not specified, correctable load is not positive, and G0-level residential power supply is prohibited from being cut off.

[0052] Adjust the remaining load capacity of the controllable switches to allow for margin adjustments.

[0053] The remaining control switches are stratified according to the priority weight determined by the load importance classification label, and within each stratum, they are sorted according to the line selection method selected by the dispatcher.

[0054] Select the control switches in sequence and accumulate their corrected load shedding amounts until the accumulated value is not less than the target load shedding value.

[0055] If the difference between the cumulative value and the target value of the load shedding exceeds the preset allowable value for over-shearing deviation, the last selected parameter switch is replaced with the smallest unselected parameter switch whose capacity is closest to the difference, and then the verification is performed again.

[0056] Output the route selection results to form the main network control list and distribution network control list candidates.

[0057] The monitoring and confirmation module is used to monitor and confirm the route selection results.

[0058] The main grid control list is handed over to the main grid batch control processing module to complete the dedicated line switch disconnection and update the control status and results. After the control list is executed, the under-disconnection automatic compensation closed-loop correction module collects the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch is disconnected, calculates the actual disconnected load, and then calculates the under-disconnection amount and the load disconnection completion rate. Automatically, it selects and executes the replacement line disconnection from the control switches that have never been disconnected, until the under-disconnection amount meets the requirements or the number of replacements reaches the preset limit.

[0059] When the undercut exceeds the preset undercut threshold, the automatic undercut compensation closed-loop correction module uses the undercut as the target value and selects replacement lines from the uncut control switches according to the aforementioned intelligent line selection algorithm. The replacement is executed after monitoring confirmation. After execution, telemetry data is re-acquired and the undercut is calculated, forming a closed-loop correction of evaluation, compensation, and re-evaluation, until the undercut is no greater than the undercut threshold or the number of compensations reaches the preset upper limit. Once the number of compensations reaches the preset upper limit, an alarm is issued and manual handling is initiated. Insufficient shedding due to switch failure or load fluctuations can be automatically remedied by this closed loop. The load shedding completion rate is used as a quantitative indicator of control effectiveness and is statistically analyzed and displayed in real time.

[0060] The distribution network control list is sent to the list receiving and decomposition module of the regional distribution network management system. The list receiving and decomposition module of the regional distribution network management system decomposes the list to the distribution management systems of each county and district according to the scope of control. Each county and district distribution management system is responsible for the disconnection of the distribution network boundary switches within its area and reports the disconnection status in real time. The control result summary and reporting module of the regional distribution network management system periodically summarizes the control results of each county and district and pushes them to the main grid energy management system. The main grid energy management system parses the data and updates it to the real-time database, and then displays the load shedding progress of the main distribution network in a graphical manner.

[0061] Taking a power grid failure scenario in a certain region as an example, the dispatcher sets the target load shedding value L to 50MW, the preset under-shearing threshold to 2.0MW, the allowable over-shearing deviation to 2.5MW, the upper limit of the number of replacements to 2, and the margin coefficient of each control switch to 0.90. The control switch information after filtering and prohibition of shedding in the control sequence and the first round of line selection process are shown in Table 4.

[0062] Table 4. Parameter Switch Information and First-Round Line Selection Process of Embodiment (Example)

[0063] After being prioritized and layered, the order is K101, K102 (G3 layer), K103, K201, K202, K203 (G2 layer). When the cumulative value reaches K203, it is 54.0MW, which is not less than 50MW, so the accumulation stops. The over-cut deviation is 4.0MW, which exceeds the allowable over-cut deviation value of 2.5MW. The last selected switch K203 is replaced by the smaller unselected switch K302 (4.5MW) with the closest capacity of 4.0MW. After adjustment, the cumulative value is 52.2MW. The over-cut deviation of 2.2MW is not greater than the allowable over-cut deviation value. The verification is passed. A control list is generated and batch shelving is executed after monitoring confirmation.

[0064] After the first round of disconnection is completed, active power telemetry values ​​are collected before and after the disconnection of the switched switch. The feedback and replenishment process of the load shedding effect are shown in Table 5.

[0065] Table 5. Feedback and Supplementation Process of Loading Effect in Examples

[0066] The calculated actual load shedding in the first round was 38.8MW, and the calculated under-shear was 50 - 38.8 = 11.2MW, which is greater than the under-shear threshold of 2.0MW, triggering automatic supplementation. Using 11.2MW as the target value, supplementary lines were selected from the switches K203, K301, and K303 that had not been shedding. The cumulative value after adding K203 (6.3MW) and K301 (5.4MW) was 11.7MW, with an over-shear deviation of 0.5MW, which is not greater than the allowable over-shear deviation value, and the verification passed. The supplementary shedding was successfully executed after monitoring confirmation, and an additional actual shedding of 11.7MW was added. The total actual load shedding in both rounds was 50.5MW, and the under-shear was -0.5MW, which is not greater than the under-shear threshold. The closed-loop correction was completed, the load shedding completion rate was calculated to be 101.0%, and the control process was archived. It is evident that even if switches K102 and K202 fail to operate, the present invention can still ensure that the actual cut-off amount meets the target requirements through automatic undercutting compensation closed-loop correction, while existing open-loop batch control technology will generate an undercutting gap of 11.2MW under the same conditions.

[0067] During control execution, the main grid energy management system analyzes the control status of the main grid batch control processing program and the control results summarized and sent by the regional distribution network management system, and updates them to the real-time database. The graphical display module obtains data from the real-time database and uses color to distinguish the control status of each participating switch, such as not started, in execution, successful, refusing to operate, and emergency stop. It compares and displays the target shedding amount, the amount of load shedding already done, and the load shedding completion rate η in the form of a progress bar, and distinguishes the load shedding statistics of the main grid, distribution network, and each county and district, so as to ensure that the dispatcher clearly understands the current control progress of the main grid and distribution network switches and makes timely adjustments based on the grid operation.

[0068] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed structures and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the structural embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, structures, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0069] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0070] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for precise fault-based road control in a main distribution network, characterized in that, include: A unified model is used for the dedicated line switches of substations under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and the boundary switches of the distribution network under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. A control sequence containing all controllable switches of the main grid and distribution network is generated in the main grid energy management system. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. The distribution network management system pushes model data and real-time data of the distribution network boundary switches to the main grid energy management system; the main grid energy management system matches and updates the model data according to the equipment keywords, and performs mapping verification on the real-time data according to the combination of equipment keywords, switch numbers and distribution network boundary switch IDs; Update the remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shedding capacity of the parameter control switches that pass the mapping verification; set the controllable status to no for the parameter control switches that fail the mapping verification. In response to the set target value of load shedding, the system automatically selects the line based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, load shedding capacity, and load importance classification labels of each controllable switch in the control sequence, using a combination of priority weighting and load shedding margin correction. After monitoring and confirmation, the system generates the main grid control list and the distribution network control list. The main grid energy management system calls the group control interface to cut off the corresponding main grid dedicated line switch according to the main grid control list, and sends the distribution network control list to the regional distribution network management system. The regional distribution network management system decomposes the distribution network control list to the distribution network management systems of each county and district according to the scope of its management. The distribution network management systems of each county and district cut off the distribution network boundary switches in their respective areas. The regional distribution network management system periodically summarizes the control results of each county and district and pushes them to the main grid energy management system. The main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shedding amount based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch. When the difference between the target load shedding amount and the actual load shedding amount exceeds the preset under-cutting threshold, it automatically selects a replacement line from the undisconnected control switches and performs the replacement shedding until the under-cutting amount meets the requirements or the number of replacements reaches the preset upper limit.

2. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model data includes the switch number, ID and name of the distribution network sectionalizing switch in the control sequence, and the ID and name of the feeder to which the distribution network sectionalizing switch belongs; the real-time data includes the switch number, ID of the distribution network sectionalizing switch, remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shedding capacity; the equipment keyword is the ID of the distribution network sectionalizing switch or the switch number.

3. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main grid energy management system matches and updates the model data based on device keywords, and performs mapping verification on the real-time data based on the combination of device keywords, switch numbers, and distribution network boundary switch IDs. This includes: after receiving real-time data, the main grid energy management system first determines whether the corresponding distribution network boundary switch model exists based on the device keywords. If it does not exist, the real-time data is discarded. If it exists, it continues to determine whether the mapping relationship between the switch number and the distribution network boundary switch ID is correct. For the control switches that pass the mapping verification, the remote signaling status, controllable status, and load shelving capacity are updated. For the control switches that fail the mapping verification, the controllable status is set to no.

4. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic route selection process, which combines priority weighting and shearable load margin correction, includes the following steps: Each controlled switch is pre-assigned a load importance classification label; the load importance classification label is classified according to the public service attributes and importance of the load connected to the controlled switch. Receive the set target value for load shedding, control sequence, and real-time information of each parameter control switch; The filter is in a split state, the controllable state is no, the correctable load is a non-positive value, and the switch for power supply protection for people's livelihood is prohibited from being cut off; The remaining load capacity of the controllable switches is adjusted based on the margin coefficient of the controllable switches. The margin coefficient is determined based on the telemetry accuracy level and the historical load fluctuation rate, and the value is smaller when the load fluctuation is greater. Switches are stratified according to the priority weight determined by the load importance classification label, and within each stratum they are sorted according to the line selection method selected by the dispatcher. The switches will be selected sequentially and their corrected load capacity will be accumulated until the accumulated value is not less than the target value of the load to be cut off. Over-shear deviation verification: If the difference between the cumulative value and the target value of the shelved load exceeds the preset over-shear deviation allowable value, the last selected switch will be replaced with the unselected switch whose capacity is closest to the difference and the verification will be repeated. Output the route selection results to form the main network control list and distribution network control list candidates.

5. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selection methods include selecting switches in the control sequence from top to bottom or bottom to top, selecting switches by the corrected load capacity, selecting switches by substation, and selecting switches by cycle. When selecting switches by cycle, priority is given to switches that have been disconnected the fewest times in history to avoid the same batch of users being disconnected repeatedly.

6. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timestamp generated by the distribution network control list is used as the unique interaction identifier ID for the control process based on the control list. The unique interaction identifier ID remains unchanged in all main and distribution network interaction messages in the control process. The main grid energy management system and the distribution network power distribution management system perform consistency verification on the unique interaction identifier ID in the interaction message and refuse to execute messages with inconsistent verification to prevent control command replay and crosstalk.

7. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a control anomaly occurs, the main grid energy management system issues an emergency stop command to terminate the unexecuted switch control. Upon receiving the emergency stop command, the distribution network power distribution management system immediately terminates the control and sends up the current control results.

8. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Supports multi-state control in test mode, preset mode, and execution mode: Test mode only verifies whether the control interaction logic of the main grid and distribution network system is normal, and does not actually issue control commands to the substation; Preset mode sends preset execution commands to the substation and issues cancellation execution commands after receiving feedback from the substation, which is used for main grid and distribution network collaborative control exercise scenarios; Execution mode is the actual control mode, which is used to deal with emergency control scenarios of the power grid such as accidents or over-power supply.

9. The method for precise fault-based road control in the main distribution network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main grid energy management system calculates the actual load shelved based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the disconnected switch using the following formula: ,in, Ω represents the actual load cut-off amount; Ω represents the set of switches cut off in this control operation. The active power telemetry value before the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; The active power telemetry value after the i-th disconnected switch is disconnected; the under-disconnection amount is obtained by calculating the difference between the target value of the disconnected load and the actual disconnected load. L is the target value of the shear load; when the undercut is... When the undercut amount exceeds the preset undercut threshold, the undercut amount will be used. For the target value, automatic line selection and replacement are performed from the control switches that have never been disconnected, using a combination of priority weighting and load margin correction. Replacement is executed after monitoring confirmation, and the undercut is recalculated until the undercut is reached. The number of replacement attempts is not greater than the undercut threshold or the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit; after the number of replacement attempts reaches the preset limit, an alarm is issued and the case is transferred to manual processing.

10. A precise fault-based road closure control system for a main distribution network, characterized in that, include: Main grid energy management system, distribution network power distribution management system, and implementing agencies; The main network energy management system includes: The unified model management module performs unified modeling of substation dedicated line switches under the jurisdiction of the main grid energy management system and distribution network boundary switches under the jurisdiction of the distribution network management system. It generates a control sequence in the main grid energy management system that includes all controllable switches of the main and distribution networks. Each controllable switch in the control sequence has a unique switch number. The model and real-time data parsing service module is used to receive model data and real-time data of distribution network boundary switches pushed by the distribution network management system to the main grid energy management system, match and update the model data according to the equipment keywords, and perform mapping verification on the real-time data according to the combination of equipment keywords, switch number and distribution network boundary switch ID; update the remote signaling status, controllable status and load shedding amount of the controllable switches that pass the mapping verification, and set the controllable status to no for the controllable switches that fail the mapping verification. The load classification label binding and load shelving margin correction module is used to bind load importance classification labels to the controlled switches and to correct the load shelving margin. The intelligent route selection module is used to respond to the set load shedding target value. Based on the remote signaling status, controllable status, load shedding capacity and load importance classification label of each controllable switch in the control sequence, it automatically selects the route using a combination of priority weight hierarchical and load shedding capacity margin correction method. After monitoring and confirmation, it generates the main network control list and distribution network control list. The monitoring and confirmation module is used to monitor and confirm the route selection results. The batch control processing module is used to call the group control interface to cut off the corresponding main network dedicated line switch according to the main network control list; The control process interaction assurance module is used to generate and issue the distribution network control list, maintain the unique interaction identifier ID, and issue control emergency stop commands; The undercut automatic replenishment closed-loop correction module is used to calculate the actual load cut-off based on the active power telemetry values ​​before and after the cut-off of the main grid energy management system. When the difference between the target value of the cut-off load and the actual cut-off load, i.e. the undercut amount, exceeds the preset undercut threshold, it automatically selects a line from the uncut control switches and performs the replenishment cut-off until the undercut amount meets the requirements or the replenishment number reaches the preset upper limit. The power distribution management system includes: The system includes a list receiving and decomposition module and a control result summarization and uploading module. The list receiving and decomposition module is used to receive the distribution network control list and decompose it to the distribution management systems of each county and district according to the scope of regulation. The control result summarization and uploading module is used to periodically summarize the control results of the distribution management systems of each county and district and push them to the main grid energy management system. The actuators include substation dedicated line switches and distribution network boundary switches, which are controlled by the main grid batch control processing program and the distribution management systems of each county and district calling existing group control interfaces, respectively. The system is used to execute the precise fault-blocking control method for the main distribution network as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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