Control method and system for energy storage battery

Abstract

This application provides a control method and system for energy storage batteries. The control method is applied to a control system, which includes: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network via a ring bus, with the system-level controller acting as the communication master. The control method includes: receiving a first polling message sent by the first module-level controller using the system-level controller; responding to the transparent information contained in the first polling message by sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller, which corresponds to the first module-level controller; and performing fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster using the first cluster-level controller based on the first polling message. This application helps improve the reliability of the energy storage battery control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage, specifically to a control method and system for an energy storage battery. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage batteries are the core component of energy storage systems. To control and manage these batteries, a control system is typically implemented. Related technologies employ a three-tiered management architecture, consisting of module-level controllers, cluster-level controllers, and system-level controllers. This control system involves multiple communication layers; the module-level controllers communicate with the system-level controllers through the cluster-level controllers, leading to insufficient reliability of the energy storage battery control system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a control method and system for an energy storage battery, which will be described below from the following aspects.

[0004] In a first aspect, a control method for an energy storage battery is provided, applied to a control system. The control system includes: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network via a ring bus, with the system-level controller acting as the communication master. The method includes: receiving a first polling message sent by the first module-level controller using the system-level controller; responding to transparent information contained in the first polling message by sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller; and performing fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster using the first cluster-level controller based on the first polling message.

[0005] As one possible implementation, the pass-through information includes a pass-through flag and a pass-through address, the pass-through address being used to indicate the address of the first cluster-level controller.

[0006] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller responds to the first polling message containing transparent information and sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller, including: using the system-level controller to determine whether the first polling message contains a transparent flag; and using the system-level controller's response to the first polling message containing the transparent flag, sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller according to the transparent address.

[0007] As one possible implementation, the first polling message includes first data and second data. The first data indicates the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller. Fault diagnosis of the corresponding battery cluster using the first cluster-level controller based on the first polling message includes: determining whether the first module-level controller is online based on the first data; determining whether there is an anomaly in the first module-level controller based on the second data in response to the first module-level controller being online; and determining that the corresponding battery cluster has failed and controlling the corresponding switch to disconnect in response to the first module-level controller being offline or having an anomaly.

[0008] As one possible implementation, the method also includes: using the first cluster-level controller to determine a communication anomaly and control the corresponding switch to disconnect when the first cluster-level controller does not receive a polling message within a specified time.

[0009] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is also used to: receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, and perform fault diagnosis on the energy storage battery system based on the polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or the polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, wherein the first cluster-level controller is one of at least one cluster-level controller and the first module-level controller is one of at least one group of module-level controllers.

[0010] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller responds to the first polling message containing transparent information by sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller, which includes: the system-level controller responds to the energy storage battery system being fault-free and the first polling message containing transparent information by sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller.

[0011] As one possible implementation, the method also includes: using a system-level controller to send a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault in response to a fault in the energy storage battery system, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding switch to open.

[0012] Secondly, a control system for an energy storage battery is provided, comprising: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network via a ring bus, with the system-level controller acting as the communication master. The system-level controller receives a first polling message sent by the first module-level controller, and in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller. The first cluster-level controller performs fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message.

[0013] As one possible implementation, the pass-through information includes a pass-through flag and a pass-through address, the pass-through address being used to indicate the address of the first cluster-level controller.

[0014] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is used to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, including: the system-level controller is used to determine whether the first polling message contains a transparent flag, and in response to the first polling message containing a transparent flag, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller according to the transparent address.

[0015] As one possible implementation, the first polling message includes first data and second data. The first data indicates the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller. The first cluster-level controller is used to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message, including: the first cluster-level controller is used to: determine whether the first module-level controller is online based on the first data; in response to the first module-level controller being online, determine whether the first module-level controller has an abnormality based on the second data; in response to the first module-level controller being offline or having an abnormality, determine that the corresponding battery cluster has a fault and control the corresponding switch to disconnect.

[0016] As one possible implementation, the first cluster-level controller is also used to: determine a communication anomaly and control the corresponding switch to disconnect in response to the first cluster-level controller not receiving a polling message within a specified time.

[0017] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is also used to: receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, and perform fault diagnosis on the energy storage battery system based on the polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or the polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, wherein the first cluster-level controller is one of at least one cluster-level controller and the first module-level controller is one of at least one group of module-level controllers.

[0018] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information. This includes the system-level controller sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the energy storage battery system being fault-free and the first polling message containing transparent information.

[0019] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is also used to: in response to a fault in the energy storage battery system, send a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

[0020] In this embodiment, the energy storage battery control system forms a master-slave communication network via a ring bus. The system-level controller acts as the communication master. The system-level controller can respond to a first polling message containing transparent information sent by the first module-level controller, and send the first polling message to the corresponding first cluster-level controller. This allows the first cluster-level controller to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster. The control method provided in this application enables fault diagnosis of the corresponding battery cluster using a cluster-level controller, even when the control system is at a single communication level. This not only reduces the number of communication layers but also allows for fault diagnosis by the cluster-level controller when a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, thus improving the reliability of the control system at both the communication and control levels. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the control system provided for related technologies.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transparent transmission process provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first polling information format in the control system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Figure 6 This is another schematic flowchart of the control method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0028] Energy storage batteries are the core component of energy storage systems, responsible for converting electrical energy into chemical energy for storage and releasing electrical energy when needed. An energy storage battery system comprises multiple battery racks (RACKs), each battery rack includes multiple battery packs (PACKs), and each battery pack includes at least one individual battery cell.

[0029] To control and manage energy storage batteries, a control system (or battery management system, BMS) is typically installed. The control system not only monitors, controls, and protects the battery's operating status, optimizes battery management, and ensures battery safety and lifespan, but also improves the overall efficiency and safety of the energy storage system.

[0030] Therefore, the configuration of the control system for energy storage batteries is crucial for energy storage systems. Related technologies have proposed a control system employing a three-tier management architecture, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this control system includes a battery management unit (BMU), a cluster monitoring unit (CMU), and a battery system controller (BSC). The CMU has a separate communication line connected to the BMU, and the BSC has a separate communication line connected to the CMU. Typically, communication between the module-level controller and the cluster-level controller uses an isolated serial peripheral interface (SPI) or a controller area network (CAN) bus, while communication between the cluster-level controller and the system-level controller uses a CAN bus or Ethernet. In other words, this control system has two communication levels.

[0031] In the aforementioned control system with two communication levels, the module-level controller can control the battery packs within the energy storage battery. For example, the module-level controller can monitor individual cells within the battery module and collect status information such as voltage, current, and temperature of the individual cells, uploading this status information to the cluster-level controller. The cluster-level controller can control the battery cluster to which the battery module belongs. For example, the cluster-level controller can monitor a battery cluster formed by multiple battery modules and collect status information such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery cluster. Simultaneously, the cluster-level controller can also receive the individual cell status information uploaded by the module-level controller and upload the aggregated information to the system-level controller. The system-level controller can control the battery system to which the battery cluster belongs. For example, the system-level controller can monitor a battery system formed by multiple battery clusters and receive status information uploaded by the cluster-level controller, responsible for the centralized management and control of the entire battery system, including charge / discharge management, fault diagnosis, and safety protection. In other words, this control system can provide a two-level safety protection mechanism.

[0032] For example, see Figure 1As shown, module-level controllers 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-N can each monitor the individual cells within their respective battery modules 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-N. After collecting the status information of the individual cells, they can upload this information to their corresponding cluster-level controller 1. Cluster-level controller 1 can receive the status information of the individual cells within the battery modules uploaded by the N module-level controllers and perform certain processing operations. At the same time, cluster-level controller 1 can also monitor the battery cluster 1 formed by these N battery modules and collect the status information of the battery cluster.

[0033] Subsequently, cluster-level controller 1 aggregates the information it collects with the information received from module-level controllers and uploads it to the system-level controller. Similarly, module-level controllers 2-1, 2-2, ..., 2-N can all upload the collected information on individual cells within the battery module to cluster-level controller 2, which then aggregates and processes the information before uploading it to the system-level controller. Module-level controllers N-1, N-2, ..., NN can also upload the collected information on individual cells within the battery module to cluster-level controller N, which then aggregates and processes the information before uploading it to the system-level controller.

[0034] As can be seen from the above introduction, the communication layers of the control system in the relevant technology are two-layered: the module-level controller and the cluster-level controller have a communication layer with a one-layer gap, and the cluster-level controller and the system-level controller have a communication layer with a one-layer gap. Therefore, the module-level controller needs to communicate with the system-level controller through the cluster-level controller. However, communication through the cluster-level controller may result in insufficient communication reliability of the energy storage battery's control system.

[0035] For example, after receiving information uploaded by multiple module-level controllers under its control, the cluster-level controller needs to process this information before transmitting it to the system-level controller. This not only increases communication latency, but the cluster-level controller may also filter out some accurate information during this process, significantly reducing the reliability of the information uploaded to the system-level controller. If other problems occur during the cluster-level controller's processing, the information uploaded to the system-level controller will be incorrect, resulting in insufficient communication reliability for the entire control system.

[0036] For example, during communication between the module-level controller and the system-level controller, if the cluster-level controller fails, the module-level controller will be unable to upload the individual cell status information it monitors within the battery module to the system-level controller, resulting in communication failure and reducing the overall communication reliability of the control system. Figure 1For example, if cluster-level controller 1 fails, then module-level controller 1-1, module-level controller 1-2, ..., module-level controller 1-N will all be unable to communicate with the system-level controller.

[0037] To address the issues mentioned above, this application proposes a control system for energy storage batteries that uses a ring bus to form a master-slave communication network. The system-level controller acts as the communication master, while both the module-level controller and the system-level controller are slaves. Control and management are performed through this single-layer communication control system. Compared to traditional control systems with two communication layers, this application's control system reduces the number of communication layers, which helps improve the communication reliability of the energy storage battery control system and reduces communication latency.

[0038] The following is combined Figure 2 This application introduces a control system for an energy storage battery according to an embodiment. See also... Figure 2 As shown, the control system 200 of the energy storage battery may include a system-level controller 230, at least one cluster-level controller 220 corresponding to the system-level controller 230, and at least one group of module-level controllers 210 corresponding one-to-one with the at least one cluster-level controller 220. The system-level controller 230, the at least one cluster-level controller 220, and the at least one group of module-level controllers 210 form a master-slave communication network through a ring bus 240, where the system-level controller 230 is the communication master, and the cluster-level controllers 220 and the module-level controllers 210 are all communication slaves. It should be understood that a master-slave communication network is a communication network with a single communication layer, or in other words, the master and slave in the master-slave communication network are separated by one communication layer.

[0039] The at least one cluster-level controller mentioned above includes a first cluster-level controller, and the at least one group of module-level controllers mentioned above includes a first group of module-level controllers corresponding to the first cluster-level controller, and the first group of module-level controllers includes a first module-level controller.

[0040] The module-level controller 210 can communicate with the system-level controller 230 through clockwise and counterclockwise communication links. In this embodiment, the choice of communication link is not limited.

[0041] In some implementations, communication links can be selected based on the lowest possible hop count. When establishing a communication link, each node in the network discovers the existence of other nodes via broadcast or multicast and establishes the network topology. Each node calculates the paths from itself to other nodes and records the hop count of each path in the corresponding routing table. For example, before communicating with the system-level controller, a module-level controller can check its own routing table and prioritize paths (i.e., communication links) with lower hop counts. This implementation results in shorter communication latency and higher communication efficiency.

[0042] The ring bus communication connection method of this application only requires one bus to connect the three controllers in series. The layout is relatively simple, the number of buses is small, and no communication protocol conversion is required, thereby reducing the communication transmission delay between the module-level controller and the system-level controller.

[0043] This application does not limit the communication bus forming a ring communication network in the above-described control system. In some implementations, the communication bus can be an industrial Ethernet bus, such as an Ethernet for Control Automation Technology (EtherCAT) bus. This mainstream industrial communication technology has advantages such as high bandwidth, real-time performance, and reliability. Furthermore, the bandwidth of this communication method can reach 100Mbps, enabling faster data updates and higher data transmission efficiency in the control system.

[0044] However, in control systems with the aforementioned master-slave communication network, the information between slave devices is independent. Therefore, the cluster-level controller cannot obtain module-level individual device information, and information processing is completed solely by the system-level controller, meaning fault detection can only be performed through the system-level controller. This leads to a situation where a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, causing the energy storage battery's protection to fail, posing a safety risk to the energy storage system and necessitating improvements in the system's redundancy protection capabilities.

[0045] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a control method for energy storage batteries. This method is applied to the communication system with a ring communication network described above. The control method utilizes a system-level controller responding to a first polling message sent by a first module-level controller, which contains transparent information. The system-level controller then sends the first polling message to the corresponding first cluster-level controller, enabling the first cluster-level controller to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster. The control method provided in this application enables fault diagnosis of corresponding battery clusters using cluster-level controllers, even when the control system is at a single communication level. This not only reduces communication layers but also allows for fault diagnosis by the cluster-level controller when a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, thus improving the reliability of the control system's protection of the energy storage battery.

[0046] The following is combined Figure 3 The control method for an energy storage battery provided in the embodiments of this application is described. The control method for an energy storage battery provided in the embodiments of this application is applied to the control system with a ring communication network described above.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the control method for this energy storage battery includes steps S301 to S303.

[0048] Step S301: Receive the first polling message sent by the first module-level controller using the system-level controller.

[0049] The first module-level controller is any one of the multiple module-level controllers in the energy storage battery control system.

[0050] The system-level controller can send a request message to the module-level controller, so that the corresponding module-level controller will report a polling message in response to the request message.

[0051] For example, a system-level controller can periodically send request messages to a module-level controller, prompting the corresponding module-level controller to report a polling message in response to the request message. In other words, the system-level controller can retrieve the polling messages sent by the corresponding module-level controller at regular time intervals. The first polling message is the polling message sent by the first module-level controller, which the system-level controller receives when polling the first module-level controller.

[0052] Polling messages typically include one or more of the following: the self-diagnostic fault status of the module-level controller, the status data of the individual cells contained therein, and the average, maximum, and minimum values ​​of the status data of multiple individual cells within the battery module. The status data of individual cells includes voltage, current, temperature, etc.

[0053] The status data of multiple individual cells in the battery module can include the average, maximum, and minimum values ​​of the voltage, current, and temperature of the multiple individual cells in the battery module.

[0054] Polling messages facilitates visualization of the battery system's state at all levels, providing a real-time data foundation for assessing battery state of health (SOH) and state of power (SOP).

[0055] Optionally, the system-level controller can also receive polling messages sent by the cluster-level controller, and the system-level controller can perform fault diagnosis based on the polling messages sent by the module-level controller and / or the polling messages sent by the cluster-level controller.

[0056] Step S302: Utilize the system-level controller's response to the transparent information contained in the first polling message to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller.

[0057] The first cluster-level controller corresponds to the first module-level controller. The first cluster-level controller is one of multiple cluster-level controllers in the energy storage battery control system, and is used to manage or control a group of module-level controllers to which the first module-level controller belongs.

[0058] The transparent transmission information is used to indicate that the first polling information needs to be forwarded by the system-level controller to the first cluster-level controller. It should be noted that in communication technology, transparent transmission generally refers to transmitting data from one point to another without changing the data content. This application does not specifically limit the transparent transmission information.

[0059] For example, the transparent information can be a transparent flag. The system-level controller can identify this flag to classify and process messages, and forward polling information containing the transparent flag. This can bypass the traditional message processing flow and help reduce communication latency in the control system.

[0060] For example, the transparent information includes a transparent flag and a transparent address. The transparent address indicates the address of the target controller receiving the transparent information, i.e., the address of the first cluster-level controller. Adding a transparent address facilitates accurate forwarding when the energy storage battery system includes multiple cluster-level controllers and multiple module-level controllers, helping to avoid routing errors or additional query steps.

[0061] Step S303: Use the first cluster-level controller to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message.

[0062] The corresponding battery cluster refers to the battery cluster managed by the first cluster-level controller. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the method by which the first cluster-level controller performs fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message; it can be configured according to requirements.

[0063] As one implementation method, the first cluster-level controller determines whether the voltage exceeds the limit based on the average, maximum, and minimum voltage values ​​of multiple individual cells in the battery module, and determines that the corresponding battery cluster has an overvoltage or undervoltage fault when the voltage exceeds the limit.

[0064] As another implementation method, the first cluster-level controller determines whether the temperature exceeds the limit based on the average, maximum, and minimum temperatures of multiple individual cells in the battery module, and determines that the corresponding battery cluster has an over-temperature or under-temperature fault when the temperature exceeds the limit.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the first cluster-level controller determines that a corresponding battery cluster has failed, the first cluster-level controller can actively disconnect the corresponding switch, which may be, for example, a high-voltage switch. By actively disconnecting the corresponding switch in a timely manner upon encountering a fault, the energy storage battery control system can achieve cluster-level protection based on a ring network communication structure. This helps to prevent the battery system from failing when a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, thereby improving the protection reliability of the battery control system.

[0066] By implementing the control method described above, the control system can have two levels of control logic. In other words, this control method can... Figure 2 The control system in the system has two control levels, and the control logic is consistent with... Figure 1 Similar to that in China. Specifically, in Figure 2 In this system, the system-level controller 230 can control cluster-level controller 1, cluster-level controller 2, ..., cluster-level controller N and / or module-level controller 1-1, module-level controller 1-2, ..., module-level controller 1-N; module-level controller 2-1, module-level controller 2-2, ..., module-level controller 2-N; and module-level controller N-1, module-level controller N-2, ..., module-level controller NN. Cluster-level controller 1 can control module-level controller 1-1, module-level controller 1-2, ..., module-level controller 1-N; cluster-level controller 2 can control module-level controller 2-1, module-level controller 2-2, ..., module-level controller 2-N; and cluster-level controller N can control module-level controller N-1, module-level controller N-2, ..., module-level controller NN.

[0067] The control method of the control system provided in this application can realize fault diagnosis of the corresponding battery clusters by using a cluster-level controller on the basis of a single-level communication control system. This not only reduces the number of communication layers, but also realizes the fault diagnosis function of the cluster-level controller when a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, which helps to improve the reliability of the control system at both the communication and control levels.

[0068] As mentioned earlier, the pass-through information can include a pass-through flag and a pass-through address for precise forwarding. The following section details how the system-level controller forwards the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the pass-through information.

[0069] In some embodiments, step S302 may include: using a system-level controller to determine whether the first polling message contains a pass-through flag; and in response to the first polling message containing a pass-through flag, sending the first polling message to a first cluster-level controller according to the pass-through address. By first determining the flag and then performing pass-through based on the address, it helps to improve forwarding efficiency while achieving accurate forwarding.

[0070] In some embodiments, the system-level controller can forward the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller via a transparent queue. As an example, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the system-level controller can act as the master node, and the first module-level controller and the first cluster-level controller can act as child nodes. Through a transparent queue, the first polling message sent by the first module-level controller (child node 2) is forwarded to the first cluster-level controller (child node 1) according to the transparent address. The transparent queue can be understood as a memory within the system-level controller (master node) with read and forwarding functions. The transparent queue is used to read the first polling message containing transparent information and forward it to the first cluster-level controller. In this case, the system-level controller acts as a communication bridge (i.e., a network bridge).

[0071] In this embodiment, after receiving the first polling message uploaded by the first module-level controller, the system-level controller first identifies the pass-through flag. Upon identifying the pass-through flag, it adds the first polling message to the pass-through queue and then passes it to the corresponding first cluster-level controller in the form of a pass-through queue based on the pass-through address. This method not only enables the cluster-level controller to manage information from module-level controllers within the battery cluster but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of data forwarding.

[0072] This application does not impose specific limitations on the first polling message described above. In some embodiments, the first polling message includes first data and second data, wherein the first data is used to indicate the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller.

[0073] As an example, the first data may include Figure 5 Heartbeat counting is a communication mechanism for monitoring device status through periodic signal interaction. It can periodically send data packets containing identification, timing number, and status summary (e.g., a 16-byte heartbeat frame every 1 second). The receiving end uses a dynamic sliding window counter (e.g., at least 5 times within a 10-second window) and a clock synchronization compensation algorithm (to eliminate network jitter at the ±100ms level) to comprehensively determine the device's online status.

[0074] As an example, the second data may include Figure 5 Real-time data typically includes one or more of the following: the self-diagnostic fault status of the module-level controller, the status data of the individual cells contained therein, and the average, maximum, and minimum values ​​of the status data of multiple individual cells within the battery module. The status data of individual cells includes voltage, current, temperature, etc.

[0075] The following is an exemplary description of the fault diagnosis process of the first cluster-level controller based on the first data and the second data in the first polling message. In some embodiments, the fault diagnosis of the corresponding battery cluster using the first cluster-level controller based on the first polling message includes: using the first cluster-level controller to determine whether the first module-level controller is online based on the first data; using the second data to determine whether the first module-level controller is abnormal when the first cluster-level controller is online; and using the corresponding high-voltage switch to disconnect when the first module-level controller is offline or abnormal. In this method, when the first module-level controller is determined to be offline, the subsequent step of determining whether the first module-level controller is abnormal based on the second data is skipped, and the fault of the corresponding battery cluster is directly determined and the corresponding high-voltage switch is disconnected, which helps to improve the efficiency of cluster-level fault diagnosis and save resources.

[0076] In other embodiments, to further improve the reliability of diagnostic protection for energy storage battery systems, a first cluster-level controller can be used to determine whether a communication anomaly exists based on polling information. For example, the first cluster-level controller can determine a communication anomaly and control the corresponding switch to disconnect if it does not receive a polling message within a specified time. The system-level controller can periodically poll the module-level controller information to obtain corresponding polling messages. For example, the system-level controller can obtain the status information of the batteries in the battery modules controlled by the module-level controller at certain time intervals. When the first cluster-level controller does not receive the first polling message within a specified time, it determines that there is a communication anomaly with the first module-level controller and controls the corresponding first cluster-level controller to disconnect the high-voltage switch, which helps to improve the efficiency of cluster-level fault diagnosis in energy storage battery systems.

[0077] As mentioned above, fault diagnosis can be performed using a system-level controller. As one implementation method, the system-level controller can receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers. Fault diagnosis of the battery system can be performed based on the polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers. The first cluster-level controller is one of the at least one cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller is one of the at least one group of module-level controllers.

[0078] In some embodiments, in response to a fault in the battery system, the system-level controller sends a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding high-voltage switch to disconnect, thereby realizing system-level protection of the energy storage battery system.

[0079] To further improve protection efficiency, step S302 includes: using the system-level controller to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the absence of a fault in the battery system and the presence of transparent information in the first polling message.

[0080] By using the above method, the system-level controller will be used to determine whether there is a fault in the battery system as the first-level protection (system-level protection). If the system-level controller determines that there is a fault in the energy storage battery system, it will directly perform the first-level protection without performing the subsequent second-level protection (cluster-level protection) procedure, which helps to further improve protection efficiency and save resources.

[0081] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following is combined with... Figure 6 Here is a specific example.

[0082] Step S601: BSC diagnoses whether the battery system is faulty.

[0083] If the battery system malfunctions, proceed to steps S602 to S603; if the battery system is functioning correctly, proceed to step S604.

[0084] In some implementations, after the BSC diagnoses the battery system as fault-free in step S601, the CMU can also diagnose whether a polling message has been received within a specified time. If a polling message is received, step S604 is performed. If no polling message is received, the CMU will proactively diagnose BMU communication anomalies, determine communication fault protection, and execute step S606.

[0085] Step S602: Send a high-voltage power-down command to the CMU.

[0086] The BSC sends a control signal to the CMU corresponding to the fault, which is used to disconnect the high-voltage switch of the CMU corresponding to the fault.

[0087] Step S603: Execute the high-voltage control issued by the BSC.

[0088] The CMU corresponding to the fault executes the high-voltage switch disconnection control signal issued by the BSC, and the corresponding high-voltage switch is disconnected, thereby realizing system-level protection of the energy storage battery system.

[0089] Step S604: CMU diagnoses whether BMU is online.

[0090] The BSC automatically identifies whether the polling messages uploaded by the BMU contain a pass-through flag. If the polling message contains the pass-through flag, it adds the polling message to the pass-through queue and sends it to the CMU. The pass-through queue contains heartbeat information, extreme values ​​and average values ​​of individual cells, and the BMU's operating status. The CMU can diagnose whether the BMU is online based on the heartbeat information. If the BMU is determined to be online, step S605 is performed; if the BMU is determined to be offline, step S606 is performed.

[0091] Step S605: The CMU diagnoses whether there are serious faults (overvoltage, undervoltage, etc.) within the cluster.

[0092] Based on whether the collected voltage and temperature values ​​exceed the limits, the CMU determines whether communication fault protection, over / under voltage fault protection, over / under temperature fault protection, etc., are triggered. If the above fault protection is triggered, the operation of step S606 is executed. If the above fault protection is not triggered, the subsequent system-level protection judgment procedure continues.

[0093] Step S606: The CMU actively controls the high voltage to be energized.

[0094] The CMU actively disconnects the high-voltage switch, controls the high-voltage power-off, and achieves cluster-level protection of the battery system.

[0095] In the above steps, when the BSC software malfunctions and cannot transmit BMU information, the CMU will actively diagnose the BMU communication anomaly and determine the communication fault protection.

[0096] When the BSC software malfunctions but can still forward data normally, the CMU will determine whether the BMU is working properly based on the data center hop count of the transparent transmission, and execute step S605 and subsequent steps.

[0097] When the BSC software is functioning normally, the CMU can independently determine the individual cell voltage, temperature, and other statuses of the battery cluster, enabling cluster-level fault management and protection.

[0098] Through the above processing, the energy storage battery system can achieve cluster-level protection, thus achieving a single-level communication layer and a two-level protection and control layer, which helps to improve the reliability of the control system for the safety protection of the energy storage battery.

[0099] The above text combined Figures 1-6 This application introduces a control method for an energy storage battery provided in its embodiments, and also provides a control system for the energy storage battery. The device embodiments of this application are described in detail below. It should be understood that the descriptions of the method embodiments correspond to the descriptions of the device embodiments; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the foregoing method embodiments.

[0100] This application also provides a control system for an energy storage battery, comprising: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network via a ring bus, with the system-level controller acting as the communication master. The system-level controller receives a first polling message sent by the first module-level controller, and in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller. The first cluster-level controller performs fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message.

[0101] As one possible implementation, the pass-through information includes a pass-through flag and a pass-through address, the pass-through address being used to indicate the address of the first cluster-level controller.

[0102] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is used to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, including: the system-level controller is used to determine whether the first polling message contains a transparent flag, and in response to the first polling message containing a transparent flag, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller according to the transparent address.

[0103] As one possible implementation, the first polling message includes first data and second data. The first data indicates the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller. The first cluster-level controller is used to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message, including: the first cluster-level controller is used to: determine whether the first module-level controller is online based on the first data; in response to the first module-level controller being online, determine whether the first module-level controller has an abnormality based on the second data; in response to the first module-level controller being offline or having an abnormality, determine that the corresponding battery cluster has a fault and control the corresponding switch to disconnect.

[0104] As one possible implementation, the first cluster-level controller is also used to: determine a communication anomaly and control the corresponding switch to disconnect in response to the first cluster-level controller not receiving a polling message within a specified time.

[0105] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is also used to: receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, and perform fault diagnosis on the energy storage battery system based on the polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or the polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, wherein the first cluster-level controller is one of at least one cluster-level controller and the first module-level controller is one of at least one group of module-level controllers.

[0106] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information. This includes the system-level controller sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the energy storage battery system being fault-free and the first polling message containing transparent information.

[0107] As one possible implementation, the system-level controller is also used to: in response to a fault in the energy storage battery system, send a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

[0108] In this embodiment, the control system of the energy storage battery forms a master-slave communication network through a ring bus, with the system-level controller acting as the communication master. Compared to the three-level management architecture of the traditional control system, the two-level management architecture of this application reduces the communication layers, which helps to improve the communication reliability of the energy storage battery control system. In addition, this application utilizes the transparent information contained in the first polling message sent by the first module-level controller in response to the system-level controller to send the first polling message to the corresponding first cluster-level controller, thereby performing fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster. When a single point of failure occurs in the system-level controller, the fault diagnosis function of the cluster-level controller is realized, which helps to avoid the protection failure of the battery system, thereby helping to improve the protection reliability of the energy storage battery control system.

[0109] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0110] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0111] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0112] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0113] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0114] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can read or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., digital video discs, DVDs) or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disks, SSDs) etc.

[0115] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for an energy storage battery, characterized in that, The control method is applied to a control system, which includes: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network through a ring bus, and the system-level controller is the communication master. The control method includes: The system-level controller receives the first polling message sent by the first module-level controller. The system-level controller responds to the first polling message containing transparent information by sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller; The first cluster-level controller is used to diagnose faults in the corresponding battery clusters based on the first polling message.

2. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pass-through information includes a pass-through flag and a pass-through address, wherein the pass-through address is used to indicate the address of the first cluster-level controller.

3. The control method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of using the system-level controller to respond to the first polling message containing transparent information and sending the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller includes: The system-level controller is used to determine whether the first polling message contains a pass-through flag; The system-level controller responds to the first polling message containing the transparent flag and sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller according to the transparent address.

4. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first polling message includes first data and second data. The first data indicates the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller. The step of using the first cluster-level controller to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message includes: The first cluster-level controller uses the first data to determine whether the first module-level controller is online. The first cluster-level controller responds to the online status of the first module-level controller, and the second data is used to determine whether the first module-level controller is abnormal. The first cluster-level controller determines that the corresponding battery cluster has failed and controls the corresponding switch to disconnect when the first module-level controller is offline or malfunctions.

5. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control method further includes: If the first cluster-level controller does not receive a polling message within a specified time, it determines that there is a communication abnormality and controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

6. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system-level controller is further configured to: receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, and perform fault diagnosis on the energy storage battery system based on the polling messages sent by the at least one cluster-level controller and / or the polling information sent by the at least one group of module-level controllers, wherein the first cluster-level controller is one of the at least one cluster-level controllers and the first module-level controller is one of the at least one group of module-level controllers.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of using the system-level controller to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information includes: The system-level controller, in response to the absence of faults in the energy storage battery system and the presence of the transparent information in the first polling message, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller.

8. The control method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The control method further includes: In response to a fault in the energy storage battery system, the system-level controller sends a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

9. A control system for an energy storage battery, characterized in that, The control system includes: a system-level controller, a first cluster-level controller, and a first module-level controller corresponding to the first cluster-level controller. The system-level controller, the first cluster-level controller, and the first module-level controller form a master-slave communication network through a ring bus, and the system-level controller is the communication master. The system-level controller is configured to receive a first polling message sent by the first module-level controller, and in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller. The first cluster-level controller is used to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message.

10. The control system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The pass-through information includes a pass-through flag and a pass-through address, wherein the pass-through address is used to indicate the address of the first cluster-level controller.

11. The control system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The system-level controller is configured to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, including: The system-level controller is used to determine whether the first polling message contains a pass-through flag. In response to the first polling message containing the pass-through flag, the system-level controller sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller according to the pass-through address.

12. The control system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first polling message includes first data and second data. The first data indicates the online status data of the first module-level controller, and the second data includes the real-time data of the first module-level controller. The first cluster-level controller is used to perform fault diagnosis on the corresponding battery cluster based on the first polling message, including: The first cluster-level controller is used for: Based on the first data, determine whether the first module-level controller is online; In response to the first module-level controller being online, the system determines whether the first module-level controller is malfunctioning based on the second data. In response to the first module-level controller being offline or having an abnormality, the system determines that the corresponding battery cluster has malfunctioned and controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

13. The control system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first cluster-level controller is also used for: If the first cluster-level controller does not receive a polling message within a specified time, it determines that there is a communication error and controls the corresponding switch to turn off.

14. The control system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The system-level controller is further configured to: receive polling messages sent by at least one cluster-level controller and / or polling information sent by at least one group of module-level controllers, and perform fault diagnosis on the energy storage battery system based on the polling messages sent by the at least one cluster-level controller and / or the polling information sent by the at least one group of module-level controllers, wherein the first cluster-level controller is one of the at least one cluster-level controllers and the first module-level controller is one of the at least one group of module-level controllers.

15. The control system as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The system-level controller is configured to send the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller in response to the first polling message containing transparent information, including: The system-level controller, in response to the absence of faults in the energy storage battery system and the presence of the transparent information in the first polling message, sends the first polling message to the first cluster-level controller.

16. The control system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The system-level controller is further configured to: in response to a fault in the energy storage battery system, send a control signal to the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault, so that the cluster-level controller corresponding to the fault controls the corresponding switch to disconnect.

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