Permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor and composite surface-mounted permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of motor technology and proposes a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor and a composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. The rotor core has several magnetic poles arranged circumferentially, and each magnetic pole contains at least one layer of magnetic barriers. The permanent magnets are arranged in segments and positioned near the air gap side surface of the rotor core. The end regions of the permanent magnets and magnetic barriers are correspondingly arranged, and a magnetic bridge is maintained between the back air gap side of the permanent magnets and the end region of the magnetic barriers. A magnetic adjustment and guiding section is provided between two adjacent segmented permanent magnets. The segmented permanent magnets, magnetic bridges, magnetic adjustment and guiding sections, and the end regions of the magnetic barriers together form a magnetic barrier end-coupled magnetic adjustment unit. This structure can enhance the coupling and adjustment effect between permanent magnet flux, armature reaction flux, and reluctance flux, improving the motor's torque density, magnetic adjustment capability, anti-salient pole rate, and wide-speed-range operation capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor-related technology, and particularly relates to permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor and composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Existing permanent magnet synchronous motors typically employ surface-mounted or embedded permanent magnet structures. Surface-mounted permanent magnet motors offer advantages such as high air gap magnetic flux density, simple structure, and strong torque output capability. However, their direct-axis and quadrature-axis inductance differences are relatively small, limiting their reluctance torque utilization. Furthermore, the permanent magnet flux linkage is relatively fixed, resulting in insufficient magnetic adjustment capability and wide-speed-range operation. While embedded permanent magnet motors can utilize rotor magnetic circuit asymmetry to generate reluctance torque and possess a certain field weakening speed-enhancing capability, their permanent magnets are mostly embedded inside the rotor. The magnetic flux path is significantly affected by magnetic isolation bridges, magnetic barriers, and rotor core saturation, limiting the utilization rate of permanent magnets and the improvement of air gap magnetic flux density.

[0004] Synchronous reluctance motors achieve significant reluctance torque by creating a clear difference between the quadrature and direct-axis reluctance through multiple layers of magnetic barriers in the rotor. However, due to the lack of a permanent magnet excitation source, their power factor and torque density are typically low. Permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors incorporate permanent magnets within the magnetic barriers, which can improve torque density and power factor. However, traditional built-in permanent magnets usually require a large amount of permanent magnets, and the placement of these permanent magnets is limited by the shape of the magnetic barriers, which can easily lead to local saturation of the magnetic circuit, increased magnetic leakage, and decreased magnetic adjustment capability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor and a composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. The permanent magnets are arranged near the air gap side surface of the rotor core, and the permanent magnets are arranged in segments corresponding to the magnetic barrier end region. The permanent magnets, magnetic bridges, magnetic adjustment and guiding parts, and magnetic barrier end region together form a magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit, which can improve the motor torque density, magnetic adjustment capability, anti-salient pole ratio, and wide speed range operation capability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor, comprising: a rotor core, a shaft, a permanent magnet, a magnetic barrier, and a magnetically adjustable and conductive part; The rotor core is provided with several magnetic poles along the circumference, and each magnetic pole is provided with at least one layer of magnetic barrier; The permanent magnets are arranged in segments and are located near the air gap side surface of the rotor core. The material of the magnetic flux regulating part is the same as that of the rotor core. The magnetic flux regulating part is disposed between adjacent segmented permanent magnets. A magnetic bridge is disposed between the back air gap side of the permanent magnet and the end region of the magnetic barrier. The permanent magnet, the magnetic bridge, the magnetic flux regulating part and the end region of the magnetic barrier together form a direct-axis armature flux adjustment channel.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor, characterized in that it includes: a stator, windings, and a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described above.

[0008] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: In this invention, permanent magnets are arranged near the air gap side surface of the rotor core, which has an air gap excitation effect similar to that of surface-mounted permanent magnets. This allows for higher air gap magnetic flux density and permanent magnet torque with a smaller amount of permanent magnets. The permanent magnets are arranged in a segmented manner corresponding to the end region of the magnetic barrier. The permanent magnet flux path is no longer the high reluctance magnetic circuit in the traditional continuous surface-mounted structure, but forms a low reluctance composite coupled magnetic circuit with the magnetic barrier and magnetic bridge. The magnetic adjustment and magnetic permeability section between adjacent segmented permanent magnets can provide a magnetic flux channel for the armature direct-axis magnetic field to enter the end region of the magnetic barrier, so that the armature direct-axis current can more effectively act on the inner magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, the magnetic bridge flux, and the magnetic circuit at the end of the magnetic barrier.

[0009] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the rotor motor inside the U-shaped magnetic barrier in this embodiment; Figure 2 This refers to the d-axis magnetic flux of the rotor motor within the U-shaped magnetic barrier in this embodiment. Figure 3 This refers to the q-axis magnetic flux of the rotor motor within the U-shaped magnetic barrier in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the V-shaped magnetic barrier internal rotor motor in this embodiment two; Figure 5 This is a diagram of the rotor structure within the V-shaped magnetic barrier in Embodiment 2. Figure 6 This is a 1 / 4 structural diagram of the V-shaped magnetic barrier internal rotor motor in this embodiment 2; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the U-shaped magnetic barrier external rotor motor in Embodiment 3; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the U-shaped magnetic barrier external rotor in Embodiment 3; Figure 9 This is a 1 / 4 structural diagram of the U-shaped magnetic barrier external rotor motor in Embodiment 3; Among them, 1. rotor core, 2. shaft, 3. magnetic barrier, 4. permanent magnet, 5. magnetic bridge, 6. q-axis magnetic flux, 7. d-axis magnetic flux, 8. magnetic adjustment and magnetic permeation part; 9. magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0012] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0013] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations of the present invention.

[0014] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0015] Example 1 In existing permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors, the magnetic barrier end is typically used primarily as the terminal of the magnetic isolation structure, while the magnetic bridge is mainly used to ensure rotor mechanical strength or limit magnetic leakage. There is a lack of coordinated magnetic adjustment design between the permanent magnet, magnetic bridge, and magnetic barrier end for both magnetization and magnet weakening operation. Especially when a high air gap magnetic flux density, strong magnetization capability, and high-speed mechanical strength are required, if the permanent magnet is simply arranged inside the magnetic barrier, the armature direct-axis magnetic field cannot effectively act on the back side of the permanent magnet and the magnetic barrier end region, thus limiting the permanent magnet flux linkage adjustment capability.

[0016] Therefore, this embodiment discloses a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a rotor core 1, a rotating shaft 2, a magnetic barrier 3, and a permanent magnet 4; the permanent magnet is arranged in segments and is located near the air gap side surface of the rotor core. The rotor core 1 has several magnetic poles arranged circumferentially, and each magnetic pole has at least one layer of magnetic barrier 3. The magnetic barrier 3 is distributed radially or approximately radially along the rotor and forms a difference in magnetic reluctance between the quadrature and direct axes inside the rotor core 1 to improve the motor's magnetic reluctance torque and salient pole effect.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the magnetic barriers 3 within each magnetic pole are two, three, four or more layers, and the magnetic barriers 3 are distributed along the rotor radial, approximately radial, arc-shaped or zigzag direction.

[0018] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is arranged in segments and is located near the outer circle of the rotor core 1. Each segment of the permanent magnet 4 is arranged adjacent to the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier 3.

[0019] Specifically, when each magnetic pole contains n layers of magnetic barriers, at least one segmented permanent magnet 4 is positioned at the end region of each magnetic barrier. The segmented permanent magnet 4 is not placed in the middle region between adjacent magnetic barriers, but rather near the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier 3, allowing the permanent magnet 4, magnetic bridge 5, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 to form an effective composite magnetic circuit. This positioning not only ensures a reduction in d-axis magnetic reluctance but also guarantees that the permanent magnet and the magnetic barrier form a multi-layered magnetic isolation effect, creating a high magnetic reluctance region.

[0020] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the permanent magnet is equal to the outer diameter of the rotor core.

[0021] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is an embedded surface-mount structure, with its air gap side surface close to or substantially flush with the air gap side surface of the rotor core 1. Using an embedded structure for the permanent magnet 4 further reduces the d-axis magnetic reluctance and increases the magnetic adjustment capability.

[0022] A magnetic bridge 5 is retained between the back air gap side of the permanent magnet 4 and the end region of the magnetic barrier, which is used to form a composite coupled magnetic circuit of permanent magnet flux, magnetic reluctance flux and armature reaction flux.

[0023] Optionally, the thickness of the magnetic bridge is 1 mm or greater, and at least two magnetic bridges may have the same or different thicknesses.

[0024] Optionally, at least two magnetic bridges may have different thicknesses to form a graded saturation magnetic bridge, which includes a main load-bearing magnetic bridge and a modulating saturation magnetic bridge, wherein the thickness of the main load-bearing magnetic bridge is greater than the thickness of the modulating saturation magnetic bridge.

[0025] In this embodiment, a magnetically guiding section 8, made of rotor core material, is disposed between two adjacent permanent magnets 4. The magnetic resistance of the magnetically guiding section is very small, serving as the main path for the d-axis magnetic flux. The magnetically guiding section 8 is located between two adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4. It is not simply a segmentation of the permanent magnets, but rather a magnetically guiding structure used to guide the armature direct-axis magnetic field into the magnetic barrier end region. The permanent magnets, magnetic bridge, magnetically guiding section, and magnetic barrier end region together constitute a magnetic barrier end coupling magnetically guiding unit, used to form a direct-axis armature magnetic flux adjustment channel.

[0026] The permanent magnet 4, the magnetic bridge 5, the magnetically conductive section 8, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 together constitute the magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit 9. The magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit 9 is used to form a direct-axis armature flux adjustment channel, so that the permanent magnet flux, armature reaction flux, and reluctance flux can be coupled in the end region of the magnetic barrier.

[0027] Specifically, the permanent magnet 4 is an embedded surface-mount structure. This means the permanent magnet 4 is positioned near the air gap side surface of the rotor core, with its outer surface close to the air gap side. The permanent magnet is not completely embedded deep within the rotor, but rather possesses air gap excitation capability similar to a surface-mount permanent magnet. Simultaneously, a magnetic bridge 5 of a certain thickness is maintained between the inner side of the permanent magnet 4 and the internal magnetic barrier 3 of the rotor. The thickness of the magnetic bridge 5 can be 1 mm or greater, and can be adjusted according to the motor power rating, speed, rotor mechanical strength, and magnetic saturation degree. The thickness of the magnetic bridge on the inner side of different permanent magnet segments can vary, forming a gradually changing magnetic bridge or a locally saturated magnetic bridge. Because the permanent magnet 4 is positioned near the air gap side surface of the rotor core, it can provide higher air gap magnetic flux density and permanent magnet torque with a smaller amount of permanent magnets. Furthermore, the multi-layered magnetic barrier 3 can generate a larger difference in reluctance between the quadrature and direct axes, increasing the reluctance torque and thus compensating for the potential decrease in permanent magnet torque caused by segmentation of the permanent magnet.

[0028] The magnetic bridge 5 is located inside the permanent magnet 4 and between the magnetic barrier 3. It is used to ensure the mechanical strength of the rotor and to form a coupling channel for the permanent magnet flux, reluctance flux, and armature reaction flux. The magnetic barrier is immediately following the magnetic bridge, so that the permanent magnet flux generated by the permanent magnet can work in synergy with the reluctance circuit formed by the magnetic barrier.

[0029] The permanent magnet 4 can be made of neodymium iron boron, ferrite, samarium cobalt, alnico or other permanent magnet materials.

[0030] The permanent magnet material can be selected based on the motor cost, temperature resistance, demagnetization capability, and output torque requirements. Using neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) can achieve higher air gap magnetic flux density and torque density; using ferrite can reduce costs and improve temperature resistance, making it suitable for applications requiring high temperature, low cost, or high demagnetization resistance. At the same time, it can be combined with a multi-layer magnetic barrier structure to maintain strong reluctance torque and magnetic tuning capability.

[0031] The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor structure of this embodiment combines the advantages of strong air gap excitation capability of surface-mounted permanent magnets, high reluctance torque of multi-layer magnetic barriers, and strong magnetic adjustment capability of segmented permanent magnets, which can improve the motor torque density, magnetic adjustment capability, reverse saliency rate, and wide speed range operation capability.

[0032] As a specific implementation method, when each magnetic pole is provided with n layers of magnetic barriers, the number of permanent magnets corresponding to each magnetic pole is n, and the number of permanent magnet segments corresponding to each pair of magnetic poles in the whole machine can be 2n or 2(n+1).

[0033] As a specific implementation method, when each magnetic pole is provided with n layers of magnetic barriers, the number of permanent magnets corresponding to each magnetic pole is n+1, with the extra permanent magnet set on the outermost side, in the inter-pole region between the N and N poles; the number of permanent magnet segments corresponding to each pair of magnetic poles in the whole machine is 2(n+1).

[0034] Optionally, the number of segments can also be adjusted according to the number of magnetic barrier layers, slot pole matching, torque fluctuation, air gap magnetic flux density waveform, and mechanical strength.

[0035] In one specific implementation, the permanent magnet 4 is embedded in the outer surface area of ​​the rotor core. The outer diameter of the permanent magnet 4 is equal to the outer diameter of the rotor core 1. There is a magnetic bridge 5 between the inner diameter of the permanent magnet and the magnetic barrier. The magnetic bridge 5 is required to saturate under load and bear the role of mechanical strength. This rotor structure can also be applied to external rotor motors.

[0036] Different segments of permanent magnets can be uniformly segmented, or they can be made with non-uniform width, non-uniform thickness, and non-uniform arc length; each segment of permanent magnet does not necessarily use the same material, and neodymium iron boron and ferrite can be used in combination.

[0037] As one specific implementation method, the segmented permanent magnet adopts radial magnetization, parallel magnetization, tangential magnetization, Halbach-style combined magnetization, or differentiated magnetization of adjacent segmented permanent magnets.

[0038] In the rotor structure of this embodiment, the permanent magnets are arranged in segments, and each segment of the permanent magnet must correspond to the position of the internal magnetic barrier. The permanent magnet can only form an effective coupling with the magnetic barrier circuit when it is close to the corresponding position of the magnetic barrier; the permanent magnet and the magnetic barrier together form a high-contrast magnetic circuit, which enables the motor to have enhanced direct-axis flux linkage adjustment capability, reluctance torque output capability, and wide-speed-range field-weakening operation capability.

[0039] In this embodiment, the permanent magnets are arranged near the air gap side surface of the rotor core, which has an air gap excitation effect similar to that of surface-mounted permanent magnets. This allows for higher air gap magnetic flux density and permanent magnet torque with a smaller amount of permanent magnets. At the same time, the multi-layer magnetic barrier structure can generate a large difference in reluctance between the quadrature and direct axes, thereby increasing the reluctance torque and compensating for the possible decrease in permanent magnet torque caused by the segmentation of permanent magnets.

[0040] In this embodiment, although continuous surface-mount permanent magnets can provide a high air gap magnetic flux density, the permanent magnet flux linkage path is relatively fixed, which limits the entry of the armature direct-axis magnetic field into the main air gap magnetic circuit. This embodiment segments the permanent magnets along the pole arc direction, forming a magnetically adjustable and conductive section between adjacent segmented permanent magnets. This makes it easier for the armature direct-axis magnetic field to enter the end region of the magnetic barrier and the main air gap magnetic circuit. Simultaneously, the multi-layered magnetic barriers increase the difference in magnetic reluctance between the d and q axes, enabling the motor to possess permanent magnet torque, reluctance torque, and flux linkage adjustment capabilities.

[0041] In this embodiment, since the permanent magnet 4 is arranged in segments corresponding to the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3, and a magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8 is provided between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, the permanent magnet flux path is no longer the high reluctance magnetic circuit in the traditional continuous surface-mount structure, but forms a composite low reluctance coupled magnetic circuit with the magnetic bridge 5, the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, and the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3. When the motor is in the magnetization operation state, the armature direct-axis magnetic field can enhance the air gap main magnetic flux through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, the magnetic bridge 5, and the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3; when the motor is in the magnetization operation state, the reverse direct-axis armature magnetic field can weaken the equivalent permanent magnet flux through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, the magnetic bridge 5, and the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3, thereby improving the motor's magnetization and magnetization capabilities and expanding the motor's wide speed range operation range.

[0042] In this embodiment, multiple layers of magnetic barriers 3 are disposed inside the rotor core 1, which can change the magnetic reluctance distribution of the rotor's d-axis and q-axis. The q-axis magnetic flux is blocked by the multiple layers of magnetic barriers 3 when passing through the rotor, resulting in a larger equivalent magnetic reluctance; the d-axis magnetic flux can close along the core channels between the multiple layers of magnetic barriers 3, the magnetic bridge 5, and the magnetically adjustable and conductive sections 8 between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, resulting in a smaller equivalent magnetic reluctance. Therefore, this embodiment can form a more obvious reverse salient pole characteristic, i.e., the d-axis inductance is greater than the q-axis inductance, providing a magnetic circuit basis for improving reluctance torque and enhancing the armature magnetic field regulation effect. Combined with segmented embedded surface-mount permanent magnets, it can further reduce the magnetic reluctance in specific directions or enhance the reluctance difference, enabling the motor to obtain a higher reverse salient pole ratio, which is beneficial for improving flux linkage regulation capability and reluctance torque utilization capability.

[0043] Example 2 like Figures 4-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor with multiple built-in magnetic barrier structures. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 above is that the specific shape of the magnetic barrier 3 can be varied according to the motor torque output capability, reluctance torque utilization capability, magnetic adjustment capability, and mechanical strength requirements. The magnetic barrier 3 can be a U-shaped magnetic barrier, a V-shaped magnetic barrier, a W-shaped magnetic barrier, an arc-shaped magnetic barrier, a polygonal magnetic barrier, a multi-polygonal magnetic barrier, or a combination of the above magnetic barrier forms.

[0044] In this embodiment, regardless of the shape of the magnetic barrier 3, the segmented permanent magnets 4 are preferably arranged near the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3, rather than simply arranged in the middle region between adjacent magnetic barriers. A magnetic bridge 5 is provided between each segment of permanent magnet 4 and the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier 3, and a magnetic adjustment and guiding part 8 is provided between two adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4. The segmented permanent magnets 4, magnetic bridges 5, magnetic adjustment and guiding parts 8, and the end regions of the magnetic barrier 3 together constitute the magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit 9.

[0045] When the magnetic barrier 3 is a U-shaped or arc-shaped magnetic barrier, the two end regions of the U-shaped or arc-shaped magnetic barrier are close to the air gap side surface of the rotor, and segmented permanent magnets 4 can be respectively set in the two end regions. The back air gap side of each segmented permanent magnet 4 is adjacent to the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier through a magnetic bridge 5. A magnetic adjustment and magnetic guiding part 8 is formed between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, so that the armature direct axis magnetic field can enter the end region of the U-shaped or arc-shaped magnetic barrier through the magnetic adjustment and magnetic guiding part 8, thereby enhancing the magnetization and magnet weakening adjustment capabilities.

[0046] When the magnetic barrier 3 is a V-shaped magnetic barrier, segmented permanent magnets 4 are respectively set at the two end regions of the V-shaped magnetic barrier. The thickness of the magnetic bridges 5 corresponding to the two end regions can be the same or different. When the thicknesses of the two magnetic bridges 5 are different, a graded saturation magnetic bridge can be formed, so that the end regions on both sides of the V-shaped magnetic barrier have different degrees of saturation under different current conditions, thereby improving the ability of the direct-axis armature flux to regulate the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage.

[0047] When the magnetic barrier 3 is a W-shaped magnetic barrier or a multi-segmented magnetic barrier, the magnetic barrier 3 has multiple end regions or segmented end regions near the air gap side. At least two end regions are respectively provided with segmented permanent magnets 4, and multiple magnetic flux regulating parts 8 are formed between the multiple segmented permanent magnets 4. The multiple magnetic flux regulating parts 8 are respectively arranged opposite to different end regions of the magnetic barrier, so that the armature direct-axis magnetic field can enter the end region of the magnetic barrier through multiple positions, forming a multi-level direct-axis armature flux regulation channel. With the above structure, the motor can have a more continuous flux linkage regulation capability under different load currents and different field weakening currents.

[0048] As an optional implementation, multiple layers of magnetic barriers 3 can be simultaneously arranged within each magnetic pole. For example, the outer magnetic barrier near the rotor air gap side can adopt an arc-shaped or U-shaped structure to improve the uniformity of magnetic flux distribution on the air gap side; the inner magnetic barrier near the shaft side can adopt a V-shaped, W-shaped, or multi-zigzag structure to enhance the difference in magnetic reluctance between the quadrature and direct axes. The end regions of different layers of magnetic barriers 3 can correspond to segmented permanent magnets 4 at different positions, thereby forming multiple magnetic barrier end coupling tuning units 9.

[0049] As another optional implementation, the thickness of the magnetic bridge 5 corresponding to different layers of magnetic barriers 3 can be different. The magnetic bridge 5 near the air gap side can be set to a larger thickness to improve the mechanical strength of the rotor and the main magnetic flux conduction capability on the air gap side; the magnetic bridge 5 near the pole edge or the field weakening adjustment region can be set to a smaller thickness so that it preferentially generates local saturation under load conditions or field weakening conditions, thereby enhancing the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage adjustment capability.

[0050] In this embodiment, the various built-in magnetic barrier structures do not simply change the geometry of the magnetic barrier 3, but rather use the end regions of different shaped magnetic barriers 3 as coupling regions for permanent magnet flux, armature reaction flux, and reluctance flux. Through the corresponding arrangement of the segmented permanent magnet 4, magnetic bridge 5, magnetic adjustment and guiding part 8, and the end regions of the magnetic barriers, the built-in magnetic barriers 3 of different shapes can form a composite magnetic adjustment circuit with the segmented permanent magnet 4, thereby improving the motor's reluctance torque utilization capability, magnetization capability, field weakening capability, and wide speed range operation capability.

[0051] Example 3 like Figures 7-9 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor, including a stator, windings, air gap, and a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in Embodiment 1 or 2; the stator is a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor stator or a synchronous reluctance motor stator, and an air gap is formed between the rotor and the stator.

[0052] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic torque of the composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor is composed of both permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque components. The segmented permanent magnet 4 is positioned near the outer circumference of the rotor core 1, which shortens the path of the permanent magnet flux into the main air gap magnetic circuit, increasing the contribution of the permanent magnet 4 to the main air gap flux and thus enhancing the permanent magnet torque component. The multi-layered magnetic barriers 3 increase the reluctance difference between the d-axis and q-axis, resulting in a larger d- and q-axis inductance difference, thereby enhancing the reluctance torque component.

[0053] The permanent magnet 4 does not continuously cover the entire pole arc, but is arranged in segments corresponding to the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, so that the permanent magnet flux and armature reaction flux can form a specific parallel magnetic weakening and magnetizing path through the magnetic bridge 5, the magnetic adjustment and guiding part 8 and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, thereby increasing the motor's magnetic adjustment capability.

[0054] Meanwhile, due to the low equivalent magnetic reluctance of the d-axis magnetic circuit, the armature direct-axis magnetic field is more likely to enter the air gap main magnetic circuit through the iron core channel, magnetic bridge 5, and magnetic adjustment and permeability section 8 between the multi-layer magnetic barriers 3.

[0055] When the motor is in magnetization operation, the armature direct-axis magnetic field can enter the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8 between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, and connect in parallel with the permanent magnet flux through the magnetic bridge 5, thereby enhancing the air gap main magnetic flux and increasing the motor's output voltage or torque capability. When the motor is in magnetization weakening operation, the reverse direct-axis armature magnetic field can pass through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, the magnetic bridge 5, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, and connect in reverse parallel with the permanent magnet flux, weakening the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage, thereby reducing the back electromotive force during high-speed operation and expanding the high-speed operating range of the motor.

[0056] Because the permanent magnets are arranged in segments, the permanent magnet flux no longer follows the high reluctance path of traditional continuous surface-mounted permanent magnets, significantly reducing d-axis reluctance and increasing d-axis inductance. This enhances the regulating effect of the armature magnetic field on the air gap flux. Furthermore, since the permanent magnets 4 are arranged correspondingly to the end regions of the magnetic barriers 3, and magnetic adjustment and guiding parts 8 are provided between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, the problems of low flux utilization and insignificant reluctance torque improvement caused by permanent magnets placed between adjacent magnetic barriers are avoided.

[0057] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is arranged in segments and corresponds to the end regions of the internal multi-layer magnetic barrier 3, which can simultaneously improve the permanent magnet torque, reluctance torque and magnetic adjustment capability. The embedded surface-mount permanent magnet 4 is introduced at the corresponding position of the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, which can improve the air gap magnetic flux density and permanent magnet torque. The magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit 9 is formed by the magnetic adjustment and magnetic permeability part 8, the magnetic bridge 5 and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, which can enhance the adjustment effect of the armature direct axis current on the permanent magnet flux linkage and the magnetic barrier circuit.

[0058] Therefore, in this embodiment, the motor does not rely solely on permanent magnet torque output, nor solely on reluctance torque output. Instead, through the coupling effect between the segmented permanent magnet 4, the multi-layer magnetic barrier 3, the magnetic bridge 5, and the magnetic adjustment and guiding part 8, the permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque are superimposed in synergy, thereby improving the electromagnetic torque output capability of the motor.

[0059] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is located near the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 and forms an effective composite magnetic circuit with the multi-layered magnetic barrier 3, which can fully utilize the enhancement of reluctance torque and magnetic adjustment capability. With the above structure, the motor combines the advantages of the strong air gap excitation capability of the surface-mounted permanent magnet motor, the high reluctance torque utilization capability of the synchronous reluctance motor, and the strong wide-speed-range magnetic adjustment capability of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor.

[0060] In this embodiment, the armature direct-axis magnetic flux mainly enters the air gap main magnetic circuit through the core channel between the multi-layer magnetic barriers 3, the magnetic bridge 5, and the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8 between adjacent segmented permanent magnets 4, and couples with the permanent magnet flux generated by the permanent magnet 4 in the air gap main magnetic circuit and the end region of the magnetic barriers. Since the armature direct-axis magnetic flux does not need to directly pass through the main body region of the permanent magnet 4, the risk of the armature direct-axis magnetic field directly demagnetizing the permanent magnet 4 can be reduced during magnetization or magnetization operation.

[0061] Especially under high-speed, magnetically weakening operation, the reverse direct-axis armature magnetic field can weaken the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage through the magnetically controlled section 8, the magnetic bridge 5, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, rather than directly concentrating on the interior of the permanent magnet 4. Therefore, this embodiment can improve both the magnetically weakening speed-up capability and the demagnetization resistance reliability of the permanent magnet 4.

[0062] In this embodiment, the magnetically adjustable and conductive section between adjacent segmented permanent magnets provides a flux channel for the armature direct-axis magnetic field to enter the magnetic barrier end region, enabling the armature direct-axis current to more effectively act on the internal magnetic flux, magnetic bridge flux, and magnetic circuit at the end of the permanent magnet. When the motor is in magnetization operation, the armature direct-axis magnetic field can enhance the air gap main flux through the magnetically adjustable and conductive section, magnetic bridge, and magnetic barrier end region; when the motor is in magnetization weakening operation, the reverse direct-axis armature magnetic field can weaken the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage through the magnetically adjustable and conductive section, magnetic bridge, and magnetic barrier end region, thereby improving the motor's magnetization and magnetization weakening capabilities and expanding the motor's wide speed range operation.

[0063] Example 4 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor. Unlike the inner rotor structure of Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the stator is located inside the rotor, and the rotor is located outside the stator. An air gap is formed between the rotor core 1 and the stator on the inner circular side of the rotor core 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the air gap side surface of the rotor core 1 is the inner circular surface of the rotor core 1.

[0064] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4 is still arranged in segments and is located near the air gap side surface of the rotor core 1. Specifically, the permanent magnet 4 is located in the inner surface area of ​​the rotor core 1, with the radially inner side of the permanent magnet 4 close to or basically flush with the inner circle of the rotor core 1, and the radially outer side of the permanent magnet 4 facing the interior of the rotor core 1. The magnetic barrier 3 is located on the back air gap side of the permanent magnet 4, that is, in the inner region of the rotor core 1 corresponding to the radially outer side of the permanent magnet 4.

[0065] Each permanent magnet 4 is arranged adjacent to the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier 3, and a magnetic bridge 5 is provided between the outer radial side of the permanent magnet 4 and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3. The magnetic bridge 5 is located between the permanent magnet 4 and the magnetic barrier 3 to ensure the mechanical strength when the outer rotor rotates, and to form a coupling channel for permanent magnet flux, reluctance flux and armature reaction flux.

[0066] A magnetically guiding section 8, made of rotor core material, is provided between two adjacent permanent magnets 4. For the outer rotor structure, the inner diameter side of the magnetically guiding section 8 faces the air gap, and the outer diameter side faces the end region of the corresponding magnetic barrier 3. The magnetically guiding section 8 is used to guide the armature direct-axis magnetic field into the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 and to couple with the magnetic bridge 5 and the magnetic flux on the back side of the permanent magnet 4 away from the air gap.

[0067] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 4, the magnetic bridge 5, the magnetic adjustment and guiding part 8, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 together constitute the magnetic barrier end coupling adjustment unit 9 in the form of an external rotor. This magnetic barrier end coupling adjustment unit 9 is used to form a direct-axis armature flux adjustment channel, so that the external rotor motor can also achieve composite coupling of permanent magnet flux, armature reaction flux, and reluctance flux in the magnetic barrier end region.

[0068] When the external rotor motor is in magnetization operation, the armature direct-axis magnetic field can enter the end region of the magnetic barrier 3 through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, and couple with the magnetic flux on the back air gap side of the permanent magnet 4 through the magnetic bridge 5, thereby enhancing the main magnetic flux in the air gap and improving the motor's output voltage or torque capability. When the external rotor motor is in magnetization operation, the reverse direct-axis armature magnetic field can act on the magnetic flux on the back air gap side of the permanent magnet 4 through the magnetic adjustment and guiding section 8, the magnetic bridge 5, and the end region of the magnetic barrier 3, weakening the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage, thereby reducing the back electromotive force during high-speed operation and expanding the high-speed operating range of the motor.

[0069] The permanent magnet 4 is not limited to the form of being arranged near the outer circle of the rotor in an inner rotor structure. When the motor adopts an outer rotor structure, the segmented permanent magnet 4 can be arranged near the inner circle of the rotor core 1, that is, near the air gap side surface of the rotor core 1. In other words, in this embodiment, "near the air gap side surface" can be understood as "near the outer circle of the rotor" for an inner rotor structure and "near the inner circle of the rotor" for an outer rotor structure.

[0070] Through the above structure, this embodiment can still retain the high air gap excitation capability brought about by the segmented permanent magnet near the air gap side in the external rotor motor. At the same time, the magnetic barrier 3, magnetic bridge 5 and magnetic adjustment and magnetic guiding part 8 are used to form a magnetic barrier end coupling magnetic adjustment unit 9, which improves the motor's magnetic reluctance torque utilization capability, magnetic enhancement capability, magnetic weakening capability and wide speed range operation capability.

[0071] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor, characterized in that, include: Rotor core, shaft, permanent magnet, magnetic barrier, and magnetic adjustment and guiding parts; The rotor core is provided with several magnetic poles along the circumference, and each magnetic pole is provided with at least one layer of magnetic barrier. The permanent magnets are arranged in segments and are located near the air gap side surface of the rotor core. The material of the magnetic flux regulating part is the same as that of the rotor core. The magnetic flux regulating part is disposed between adjacent segmented permanent magnets. A magnetic bridge is disposed between the back air gap side of the permanent magnet and the end region of the magnetic barrier. The permanent magnet, the magnetic bridge, the magnetic flux regulating part and the end region of the magnetic barrier together form a direct-axis armature flux adjustment channel.

2. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air gap side surface of the permanent magnet is close to the air gap side surface of the rotor core, or the air gap side surface of the permanent magnet is basically flush with the air gap side surface of the rotor core.

3. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When each magnetic pole has n layers of magnetic barriers, at least one segmented permanent magnet is provided at the end region of each magnetic barrier.

4. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the permanent magnet is equal to the outer diameter of the rotor core.

5. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic barrier is one of the following: U-shaped magnetic barrier, V-shaped magnetic barrier, W-shaped magnetic barrier, arc-shaped magnetic barrier, zigzag magnetic barrier, and multi-zigzag magnetic barrier.

6. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the magnetic barrier is a V-shaped magnetic barrier, segmented permanent magnets are respectively provided at the two end regions of the V-shaped magnetic barrier; when the magnetic barrier is a W-shaped magnetic barrier, segmented permanent magnets are respectively provided at the multiple end regions of the W-shaped magnetic barrier.

7. The permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet is magnetized radially, parallelly, tangentially, Halbach-style combined magnetization, or with differentiated magnetization in adjacent segments.

8. A composite surface-mount permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor, characterized in that, include: The stator, windings, and a permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor as described in any one of claims 1-7; an air gap is formed between the permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor and the stator.

9. The composite surface-mounted permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor is an inner rotor, the air gap side surface of the rotor core is the outer circular side surface of the rotor core; when the permanent magnet synchronous reluctance rotor is an outer rotor, the air gap side surface of the rotor core is the inner circular side surface of the rotor core.

10. The composite surface-mount permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the motor is in the magnetization operation state, the armature direct axis magnetic field enhances the air gap main magnetic flux through the end regions of the magnetic adjustment and magnetic guide section, magnetic bridge and magnetic barrier, thereby increasing the output voltage or torque capability; when the motor is in the magnetization operation state, the armature direct axis reverse magnetic field can weaken the equivalent permanent magnet flux linkage through the low magnetic resistance channel between permanent magnets and the magnetic barrier, thereby reducing the back electromotive force and expanding the high-speed operation range.

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