A high-power laser power supply circuit

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-power laser power supply circuit, belonging to the field of power supply circuit technology. It includes: an uncontrolled rectifier bridge; an efficiency mechanism comprising a BoostPFC converter mounted on the outer wall of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge; an H-bridge inverter module mounted on the outer wall of the BoostPFC converter; an RCD absorption circuit mounted on the outer wall of the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module; a high-frequency transformer mounted on the outer wall of the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module; and a filter circuit mounted on the outer wall of the secondary winding of the high-frequency transformer. This invention, through the installation of efficient mechanisms, utilizes the RCD absorption circuit to absorb voltage spikes when the switching transistor is turned off, and the high-frequency transformer to achieve electrical isolation between input and output, avoiding grid interference to the laser. Simultaneously, the turns ratio reduces the primary 400V high voltage to the low voltage required by the secondary laser, and the filter circuit rectifies the high-frequency AC signal to output a constant DC current, ensuring a stable drive current for the laser and improving laser power stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, specifically to a high-power laser power supply circuit. Background Technology

[0002] The driver power supply for high-power semiconductor lasers is a core component of high-power laser systems. Its performance directly affects the laser quality, optical power stability, and lifespan of the semiconductor laser. Semiconductor lasers require their driver power supplies to be constant current sources with low output current ripple and high stability. Early semiconductor lasers had low output power, and general-purpose switching power supplies could meet their power requirements. As semiconductor lasers are used in more high-power applications, their output power levels have continuously increased, and general-purpose switching power supplies can no longer meet their output requirements. With the rapid increase in the overall power of laser systems, semiconductor laser power supplies face more and more performance challenges. First, while general-purpose switching power supplies meet the requirements in terms of output current ripple, their power levels are insufficient. Second, the size and weight of laser systems increase significantly with the increase in power levels, making it difficult to meet the miniaturization requirements of mobile applications such as vehicles. In addition, high-power semiconductor lasers have very stringent requirements for operating conditions and storage conditions; under inappropriate storage conditions and operating environments, semiconductor lasers are easily damaged.

[0003] This invention utilizes a combination of PFC (Power Factor Correction) and a full-bridge topology as the circuit structure for a high-power power supply. The former addresses grid-side harmonics and power factor issues, while the latter achieves efficient DC-DC conversion. An interleaved parallel BOOSTPFC converter and a phase-shifted full-bridge DC-DC circuit are employed to provide power to the high-power laser. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-power laser power supply circuit to solve the technical problem of improving the stability of high-power laser power supply circuits mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-power laser power supply circuit, comprising: an uncontrolled rectifier bridge, wherein the outer wall of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge is provided with an efficient mechanism, the efficient mechanism is used to achieve power factor correction by using two Boost interleaved parallel PFC, and the subsequent phase-shifting full-bridge circuit achieves efficient DC-DC conversion, providing a stable DC power supply for the high-power laser, and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency and power quality; The efficiency mechanism includes a BoostPFC converter, with the BoostPFC converter located on the outer wall of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge, an H-bridge inverter module located on the outer wall of the BoostPFC converter, an RCD absorption circuit located on the outer wall of the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module, a high-frequency transformer located on the outer wall of the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module, a filter circuit located on the outer wall of the secondary winding of the high-frequency transformer, and a laser load R located on the outer wall of the filter circuit.

[0006] Preferably, the uncontrolled rectifier bridge consists of a bridge structure composed of four diodes. The input end is connected to the live wire and neutral wire of the 220V AC power supply, and the DC bus of the output end is connected to the input end of the BoostPFC converter to convert AC power into pulsating DC power.

[0007] Preferably, the BoostPFC converter includes an inductor L1, a power MOS switch and a freewheeling diode D1. Its input terminal is connected to the DC output terminal of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge, and its output terminal is connected to the DC input terminal of the H-bridge inverter module. It is used to boost the pulsating DC to a stable DC 400V high voltage DC and correct the grid-side power factor to close to 1.

[0008] Preferably, the H-bridge inverter module consists of a full-bridge circuit composed of four power MOS switches. The DC input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the BoostPFC converter, and the AC output terminal is connected to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer, which is used to invert high-voltage DC into a 200kHz high-frequency AC signal.

[0009] Preferably, the RCD absorption circuit consists of a series branch composed of a resistor R, a capacitor C, and a diode D.

[0010] Preferably, the high-frequency transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the AC output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module, and the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit. This is used to achieve electrical isolation between the input and output, and to reduce the 400V high voltage of the primary side to the low voltage required by the secondary laser by adjusting the turns ratio.

[0011] Preferably, the filter circuit consists of an LC filter structure composed of an inductor L6 and a capacitor C6, with the input end connected to the secondary winding of a high-frequency transformer and the output end connected to a laser load R, used to rectify high-frequency AC signals.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention employs an efficient power factor correction mechanism with two interleaved parallel Boost PFC circuits. A subsequent phase-shifted full-bridge circuit enables high-efficiency DC-DC conversion, providing a stable DC power supply for high-power lasers and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency and power quality. The phase-shifted full-bridge H-bridge inverter module uses phase-shifted PWM control to convert 400V high-voltage DC to a 200kHz high-frequency AC signal. Adjusting the phase angle allows for easy modification of the output voltage. An RCD absorption circuit absorbs voltage spikes when the switching transistor is turned off, protecting it from overvoltage breakdown. A high-frequency transformer provides electrical isolation between input and output, preventing grid interference to the laser. Simultaneously, the turns ratio reduces the primary-side 400V high voltage to the low voltage required by the secondary-side laser. A filter circuit rectifies the high-frequency AC signal and reduces ripple to <1% through LC filtering, outputting a constant DC current to ensure a stable drive current for the laser, thus improving laser power stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the PFC rectifier circuit of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the phase-shifted full-bridge DC-DC converter of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the laser system control structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the peripheral circuit diagram of the interleaved parallel PFC main control chip of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the main circuit diagram of the interleaved parallel PFC main control chip of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive signal and tube voltage drop without absorption according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive signal and tube voltage drop when RCD absorption is added according to the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Uncontrolled rectifier bridge; 2. Boost PFC converter; 3. H-bridge inverter module; 4. RCD snubber circuit; 5. High-frequency transformer; 6. Filter circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5A high-power laser power supply circuit includes: an uncontrolled rectifier bridge 1 and a Boost PFC converter 2. The output terminal of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge 1 is connected to the input terminal of the Boost PFC converter 2. The uncontrolled rectifier bridge 1 consists of a bridge structure composed of four diodes, and its input terminal is connected to the live and neutral wires of a 220V AC power supply to convert AC power into pulsating DC power. The Boost PFC converter 2 is a two-way Boost circuit with alternating parallel connections, including two inductors L1, two power MOSFETs, and two freewheeling diodes D1. The two MOSFETs are alternately turned on at 180° intervals, and their input terminals are connected to the DC output terminals of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge 1. The output terminal outputs a stable high DC 400V. This DC-DC converter is used to boost pulsating DC power and correct the grid-side power factor to near 1, reducing input current ripple. An uncontrolled rectifier bridge converts 220V AC to pulsating DC. An interleaved parallel BoostPFC converter 2 uses two inductors L1 to alternately store energy and controls the switching of transistors to boost the pulsating DC to a stable 400V DC high-voltage DC. Simultaneously, the phases of the two inductor current ripples are interleaved, and their superposition cancels out the ripple, significantly reducing input current ripple, improving the power factor to near 1, reducing reactive power loss and harmonic pollution, providing a stable high-voltage DC power supply for subsequent circuits, and improving grid utilization. One interleaved APFC active power factor correction module has an input voltage of AC 176V-264V, an output of DC 400V, a full-load output power of 3000W, and a switching frequency of 68kHz. The main parameters for selection are: Input rectifier bridge: SBR2512.

[0019] Main power transistors S1 and S2: IXFH60N65X2.

[0020] Rectifier diodes D1 and D2: C3D08065A.

[0021] Output capacitor C: EKP397M2WP45SZSHP*4 450V 390uF.

[0022] Driver chip: IXDN609SIA.

[0023] A phase-shifted full-bridge DC-DC circuit module with DC320~400V input and a design size of 500mm*300mm*100mm; Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7A high-power laser power supply circuit includes: an H-bridge inverter module 3, an RCD absorption circuit 4, a high-frequency transformer 5, and a filter circuit 6. The input terminal of the H-bridge inverter module 3 is connected to the output terminal of a Boost PFC converter 2, and the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module 3 is connected to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer 5. The RCD absorption circuit 4 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module 3. The secondary winding of the high-frequency transformer 5 is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit 6, and the output terminal of the filter circuit 6 is connected to the laser load R. The H-bridge inverter module 3 is a phase-shifted full-bridge circuit composed of four power MOS switches, and the output voltage is adjusted by phase-shifted PWM control to convert DC power to DC power. The 400V high-voltage DC is inverted to a 200kHz high-frequency AC signal; the RCD absorption circuit 4, consisting of a resistor R, a capacitor C, and a diode D in series, is used to absorb the voltage spikes when the H-bridge inverter module 3 switches off; the high-frequency transformer 5 is used to achieve electrical isolation between the input and output, and reduces the primary-side 400V high voltage to the low voltage required by the secondary-side laser by adjusting the turns ratio; the filter circuit 6, consisting of an inductor L6 and a capacitor C6 forming an LC filter structure, is used to rectify and filter the high-frequency AC signal into a constant DC current with ripple <1%; the phase-shifted full-bridge H-bridge inverter module 3, through phase-shifted PWM control, converts the DC signal into a high-frequency AC signal. The 400V high-voltage DC is inverted into a 200kHz high-frequency AC signal, and the output voltage can be easily changed by adjusting the phase shift angle; the RCD absorption circuit 4 absorbs the voltage spike when the switch is turned off, protecting the switch from overvoltage breakdown; the high-frequency transformer 5 achieves electrical isolation between the input and output, avoiding grid interference to the laser, and at the same time, it reduces the primary side 400V high voltage to the low voltage required by the secondary side laser, such as 30V, by adjusting the turns ratio; the filter circuit 6 rectifies the high-frequency AC signal and reduces the ripple to <1% through LC filtering, outputting a constant DC current to ensure that the laser obtains a stable drive current, thereby improving the laser power stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit for a high-power laser, characterized in that, include: An uncontrollable rectifier bridge (1) is provided with an effective mechanism on its outer wall. The effective mechanism is used to achieve power factor correction by using two Boost interleaved parallel PFCs. The subsequent phase-shifting full-bridge circuit achieves efficient DC-DC conversion, provides stable DC power supply for high-power lasers, and improves photoelectric conversion efficiency and power quality. The efficiency mechanism includes a BoostPFC converter (2), the outer wall of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge (1) is provided with the BoostPFC converter (2), the outer wall of the BoostPFC converter (2) is provided with an H-bridge inverter module (3), the outer wall of the output end of the H-bridge inverter module (3) is provided with an RCD absorption circuit (4), the outer wall of the output end of the H-bridge inverter module (3) is provided with a high-frequency transformer (5), the outer wall of the secondary winding of the high-frequency transformer (5) is provided with a filter circuit (6), and the outer wall of the filter circuit (6) is provided with a laser load R.

2. The high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uncontrolled rectifier bridge (1) consists of a bridge structure composed of four diodes. The input end is connected to the live wire and neutral wire of the 220V AC power supply, and the DC bus of the output end is connected to the input end of the BoostPFC converter (2) to convert AC power into pulsating DC power.

3. The high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BoostPFC converter (2) includes an inductor L1, a power MOS switch and a freewheeling diode D1. Its input terminal is connected to the DC output terminal of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge (1), and its output terminal is connected to the DC input terminal of the H-bridge inverter module (3). It is used to boost the pulsating DC to a stable DC400V high voltage DC and correct the grid-side power factor to close to 1.

4. The high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The H-bridge inverter module (3) consists of a full-bridge circuit composed of four power MOS switching transistors. The DC input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the BoostPFC converter (2), and the AC output terminal is connected to the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer (5) to invert the high-voltage DC to a 200kHz high-frequency AC signal.

5. A high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RCD absorption circuit (4) consists of a series branch composed of a resistor R, a capacitor C and a diode D.

6. A high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency transformer (5) includes a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the AC output terminal of the H-bridge inverter module (3), and the secondary winding is connected to the input terminal of the filter circuit (6) to achieve electrical isolation between input and output, and to reduce the 400V high voltage of the primary side to the low voltage required by the secondary laser through the turns ratio.

7. A high-power laser power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter circuit (6) consists of an LC filter structure composed of an inductor L6 and a capacitor C6. The input end is connected to the secondary winding of the high-frequency transformer (5), and the output end is connected to the laser load R, which is used to rectify the high-frequency AC signal.

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