A copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber water-vapor power generation film with near-infrared enhancement and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

A copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film with near-infrared enhancement and its preparation method are disclosed, involving the structure, preparation, and application of the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film in hydrovoltaic power generation. The copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film is prepared by forming a copper sulfide-copper oxide composite layer on the carbon fiber surface using an electroplating-oxidation-sulfidation method. Copper oxide not only has a non-radiative relaxation effect but also provides more oxygen vacancies, increasing carrier lifetime. After sulfidation, a copper sulfide layer is further grown in situ on the oxide layer, increasing the specific surface area, increasing internal refraction of light, enhancing light trapping effect, and enhancing near-infrared absorption. The average absorbance in the ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrum is 94.95%, and the vapor permeability is 2.43 kg / m³ under 1 sun irradiance. 2 •h; The open-circuit voltage was 1.025 V, the current density was 0.267 A / cm², and the power density was 1290 W / m² when tested with an electrochemical workstation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydroelectric power generation. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the Internet of Things, environmental monitoring, smart agriculture, and low-power sensing devices, distributed, miniaturized, and self-powered power supply technologies have received widespread attention. Hydrovoltaic power generation is a novel power generation method that utilizes the interaction between water and functional materials to achieve energy conversion. It typically relies on processes such as water evaporation, capillary transport, ion migration, and charge separation at the solid-liquid interface to create a potential difference across the material and output electrical energy. This technology features simple structure, strong environmental adaptability, and the ability to continuously generate electricity using natural evaporation processes, making it potentially valuable in areas such as humidity sensing, seawater desalination, agricultural monitoring, and powering low-power electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic film and its preparation method. The aim is to generate a near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide composite layer on the surface of carbon fiber through an electroplating-oxidation-sulfidation method. The non-radiative relaxation effect of copper oxide and a large number of oxygen vacancies increase the carrier lifetime, while the copper sulfide layer increases the specific surface area, increases the internal refraction of light, and enhances the light trapping effect. Power generation is induced by water evaporation, providing a new approach for the preparation of multifunctional photothermal films.

[0004] The steps of this invention are: A near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film and its preparation method, characterized by the following specific steps: (1) Electroplating and depositing a copper layer on the surface of the carbon fiber film; (2) Immerse the electroplated film in a hydrogen peroxide solution for oxidation; (3) The oxidized membrane is placed in a sodium sulfide solution for sulfidation; In step (1), the electrolyte is copper sulfate solution, the current intensity is 0.8 A, and the electroplating time is 5 min. In step (2), the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 10% and the oxidation time is 5 min. In step (3), the concentration of sodium sulfide solution is 20%, and the sulfidation time is 18 h. (4) After the reaction is complete, the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic membrane is thoroughly cleaned with deionized water, taken out and dried.

[0005] This invention employs electroplating to deposit a layer of copper on the surface of carbon fiber, followed by oxidation treatment to introduce a copper oxide intermediate layer. Copper oxide not only has a non-radiative relaxation effect but also provides more oxygen vacancies, increasing carrier lifetime. After sulfidation, a copper sulfide layer is further grown in situ on the oxide layer, increasing the specific surface area, increasing internal light refraction, and enhancing light trapping. The copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydroelectric power generation film possesses excellent photothermal performance and further improves the relevant performance of photothermal materials in the field of hydroelectric power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Appendix Figure 1 SEM image of copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film.

[0007] Appendix Figure 2 UV-Vis-NIR spectral absorbance of copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To better illustrate the present invention, the following description uses a copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film with near-infrared enhancement as an example, and further explains the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0009] Preparations before the experiment: 1. Preparation of near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film: (1) Electroplating and depositing a copper layer on the surface of the carbon fiber film; (2) Immerse the electroplated film in a hydrogen peroxide solution for oxidation; (3) The oxidized membrane is placed in a sodium sulfide solution for sulfidation; (4) After the reaction is complete, the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic membrane is thoroughly cleaned with deionized water, taken out and dried.

[0010] Figure 1 , Figure 2 The images show the SEM and UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra of the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic film. The SEM images clearly show that copper sulfide grows on the carbon fiber in fine nanosheet and nanoflower-like structures, resulting in a richer pore structure and further complex interfaces. The UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra show a significant increase in the broadband absorption rate of the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic film. Copper oxide not only exhibits non-radiative relaxation effects but also provides more oxygen vacancies, increasing carrier lifetime. After sulfidation, a copper sulfide layer further grows in situ on the oxide layer, increasing the specific surface area, increasing internal light refraction, and enhancing light trapping, further demonstrating its excellent photothermal performance.

[0011] Experimental procedure: The effective membrane area prepared above is 9 cm². 2 A copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic membrane was placed on a 3.5cm × 3.5cm filter paper septum, with a 3cm × 3cm zinc electrode placed below the filter paper septum, forming an evaporative power generation device. Simulated sunlight with an intensity of 1 sun was used for irradiation. The initial and final weights of the device were recorded, and the vapor permeability was calculated. The open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic membrane were tested using an electrochemical workstation.

[0012] Example 1 The cleaned carbon fiber membrane was electroplated in a copper sulfate solution at a current of 0.8 A for 5 min, then oxidized in a 10% hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 min. The oxidized membrane was then sulfided in a 20% sodium sulfide solution for 18 h. The resulting copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic membrane was thoroughly rinsed with deionized water and dried at 40 °C. When placed on an evaporative power generation device under 1 day of sunlight, the average absorbance of the UV-Vis-NIR spectrum was 94.95%, and the vapor permeability was 2.43 kg / m³. 2 • h; The open-circuit voltage was measured to be 1.025 V and the current density was 0.267 A / cm² when tested with an electrochemical workstation. 2 .

[0013] Comparative Example 1: A carbon fiber membrane evaporation power generation device was generated by irradiating simulated sunlight with an intensity of 1 sun. The average absorbance in the ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrum was 85.74%, and the vapor permeability was 0.756 kg / m³. 2 •h; The open-circuit voltage was tested using an electrochemical workstation and found to be 0.37 V.

[0014] Comparative Example 2: The cleaned carbon fiber membrane was electroplated in a copper sulfate solution at a current of 0.8 A for 5 min, and then sulfided in a 20% sodium sulfide solution for 24 h. The resulting copper sulfide / carbon fiber hydroelectric membrane was thoroughly rinsed with deionized water and dried at 40 °C. When placed on an evaporative power generation device under 1 day of sunlight, the average absorbance of the UV-Vis-NIR spectrum was 88.46%, and the vapor permeability was 2.38 kg / m³. 2 •h; The open-circuit voltage was tested using an electrochemical workstation and found to be 0.945 V.

[0015] in conclusion: The comparative examples show that, compared with carbon fiber membranes and copper sulfide / carbon fiber membranes, the copper oxide intermediate layer of the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic membrane not only has a non-radiative relaxation effect but also provides more oxygen vacancies, increasing carrier lifetime. After sulfidation, a copper sulfide layer is further grown in situ on the oxide layer, increasing the specific surface area, increasing the internal refraction of light, and enhancing the light absorption rate of the material in the near-infrared band. Moreover, the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber photovoltaic membrane with an oxidation time of 5 min has the highest light-to-steam energy conversion efficiency, steam permeability, and open-circuit voltage.

Claims

1. A near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film and its preparation method, characterized in that, The main steps are as follows: (1) Electroplating and depositing a copper layer on the surface of the carbon fiber film; (2) Immerse the electroplated film in a hydrogen peroxide solution for oxidation; (3) The oxidized membrane is placed in a sodium sulfide solution for sulfidation; (4) After the reaction is complete, the copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic membrane is thoroughly cleaned with deionized water, taken out and dried.

2. The near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film and its preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that... A copper sulfide-copper oxide composite layer is generated on the surface of carbon fiber by electroplating-oxidation-sulfidation method; In step (1), the electrolyte is copper sulfate solution, the current intensity is 0.8 A, and the electroplating time is 5 min. In step (2), the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 10% and the oxidation time is 5 min. In step (3), the sodium sulfide solution concentration is 20% and the sulfidation time is 18 h.

3. The copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic film with near-infrared enhancement obtained by the preparation method according to claim 1 has the characteristic of enhanced light absorption in the near-infrared band.

4. The near-infrared enhanced copper sulfide-copper oxide / carbon fiber hydrovoltaic membrane obtained by the preparation method according to claim 1 can be applied to cogeneration and other water treatment applications.

Images