Dynamic link building method and device of hybrid constellation network and hybrid constellation network

Abstract

This application relates to the field of satellite communication technology and discloses a dynamic link establishment method, apparatus, and hybrid constellation network for a hybrid constellation network. The method includes: controlling the GEO constellation to perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle to determine a first link configuration scheme; controlling the MEO constellation to perform a second link optimization in a second optimization cycle based on the first link configuration scheme to determine a second link configuration scheme; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; establishing inter-layer links in the hybrid constellation network according to the first and second link configuration schemes; controlling the LEO constellation to establish service links in real time with each user node containing service data to be transmitted, and transmitting service data between user nodes based on the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network. This application employs a three-layer intelligent decision-making architecture for dynamic inter-satellite link construction, which can ensure global optimality while achieving timely response to rapidly changing link states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of satellite communication technology, specifically to a dynamic link establishment method, apparatus, and hybrid constellation network for hybrid constellation networks. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of satellite internet, single-orbit satellite constellations can no longer meet the communication demands for global coverage, low latency, and high bandwidth. Hybrid constellation networks, by integrating satellites in different orbits, can leverage the advantages of each orbit to provide better services. However, managing inter-satellite links (ISL) in hybrid constellation networks faces significant challenges. Due to the complex relative motion of satellites and the dynamic changes in link topology, efficiently constructing hybrid constellation networks to meet diverse service requirements has become a difficult problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a dynamic link building method, apparatus and hybrid constellation network for hybrid constellation networks, to solve the problem that link building in hybrid constellation networks is difficult to meet dynamic changes.

[0004] Firstly, this application provides a dynamic link building method for a hybrid constellation network, wherein the hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; the method includes: The GEO constellation is controlled to perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle to determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The MEO constellation is controlled to perform a second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network are established according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; When there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, the LEO constellation is controlled to establish service links with each user node in real time, and the service data is transmitted between the user nodes based on the links currently established by the hybrid constellation network.

[0005] Secondly, this application provides a dynamic link-building device for a hybrid constellation network, wherein the hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; the device includes: The first optimization module is used to control the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The second optimization module is used to control the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle, and to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The link establishment module is used to establish inter-layer links in the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme. The service module is used to control the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and to transmit the service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network.

[0006] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected to each other. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the dynamic link establishment method of the hybrid constellation network described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0007] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the dynamic link-building method for a hybrid constellation network according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0008] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the dynamic link-building method for a hybrid constellation network according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0009] Sixthly, this application provides a hybrid constellation network, which includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; The GEO constellation is used to: perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The MEO constellation is used to: perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The GEO constellation and the MEO constellation are also used to: establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; The LEO constellation is used to: establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and transmit the service data between user nodes based on the links currently established by the hybrid constellation network.

[0010] The dynamic link construction method for hybrid constellation networks provided in this application divides the hybrid constellation network into three layers: High Orbit (GEO), Medium Orbit (MEO), and Low Orbit (LEO). A three-layer intelligent decision-making architecture is employed for dynamic inter-satellite link construction: centralized optimization at the GEO layer, regional optimization at the MEO layer, and rapid response at the LEO layer. Each layer performs link optimization independently, with the centralized optimization cycle being longer than the regional optimization cycle. This ensures global optimality while enabling timely responses to rapidly changing link states, thus balancing the conflict between global optimization and rapid local response, and improving the overall performance of the hybrid constellation network. This method can adapt to the dynamic topology of hybrid constellations and meet diverse service requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a second flowchart illustrating a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-layer architecture of a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid constellation network service driving engine according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a dynamic link-building device for a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of this application, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in this application in an appropriate manner in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and user authorization should be obtained.

[0015] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0016] Before providing a detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some of the terms and concepts involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained. These explanations are intended to make the embodiments of this application easier to understand and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0017] (1) Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites: These are satellites in near-Earth orbit, located in spacecraft orbits at an altitude of approximately 160 to 2000 kilometers above the Earth's surface. The signal transmission distance is short, resulting in low transmission delay, but the coverage area of ​​a single LEO satellite is limited.

[0018] (2) Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites: satellites whose altitude is between low Earth orbit and geostationary orbit, typically ranging from 2,000 km to 35,786 km.

[0019] (3) Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites: also known as geostationary orbit satellites, with an orbital altitude of 35,786 kilometers and an orbital plane that coincides with the Earth's equatorial plane (inclination 0°). GEO satellites orbit the Earth with the same period as the Earth's rotation, and remain stationary relative to ground observers.

[0020] (4) Constellation: The full name is satellite constellation. Multiple satellites are deployed in a coordinated manner according to a pre-designed orbital configuration and phase distribution. They work together through inter-satellite links or ground control systems to form a satellite system containing multiple satellites.

[0021] In related technologies, constellation network construction and management are mostly designed for single constellations, lacking effective management of mixed constellations; inter-satellite link establishment strategies are usually based on static rules, which cannot simultaneously take into account global optimization and rapid response, and cannot adapt to dynamic topologies and diverse business needs, especially in cross-constellation communication scenarios, making it difficult to meet cross-constellation communication requirements.

[0022] While some solutions also employ a multi-layered hybrid constellation network architecture, they generally use a global approach to build inter-satellite links. However, in a hybrid constellation network, the topology changes dynamically due to satellite movement, and the service scenarios are also diverse, including video, data transmission, multicast, and other service scenarios. This global link building approach is not suitable for dynamically changing topologies.

[0023] This application provides a dynamic link construction method for hybrid constellation networks. The hybrid constellation network is divided into three layers: High Orbit (GEO), Medium Orbit (MEO), and Low Orbit (LEO). A three-layer intelligent decision-making architecture is used for dynamic inter-satellite link construction: centralized optimization at the GEO layer, regional optimization at the MEO layer, and rapid response at the LEO layer. Each layer performs link optimization independently, with the centralized optimization cycle being longer than the regional optimization cycle. This ensures global optimality while enabling timely responses to rapidly changing link states, thus balancing the contradiction between global optimization and rapid local response, and improving the overall performance of the hybrid constellation network. This method can adapt to the dynamic topology of hybrid constellations and meet diverse service requirements.

[0024] According to an embodiment of this application, a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0025] This embodiment provides a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network, which can be implemented based on the hybrid constellation network. A schematic diagram of the structure of this hybrid constellation network can be found here. Figure 1As shown.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the hybrid constellation network has a three-layer architecture, including GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and LEO constellations; each constellation corresponds to one layer; and, since the coverage of LEO satellites in the LEO constellation is limited, there are generally multiple LEO satellites, that is, the hybrid constellation network includes at least two LEO constellations.

[0027] Furthermore, each constellation layer contains multiple satellites, and each satellite can be located in a different orbital plane, with each satellite serving as a corresponding constellation node.

[0028] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top-level GEO constellation contains three GEO satellites at an orbital altitude of 35,786 km, evenly distributed above the equator.

[0029] The middle layer of the MEO constellation contains multiple MEO satellites at an orbital altitude of approximately 20,200 km. Figure 1 The image shows four MEO satellites. Specifically, a MEO constellation can include 24 MEO satellites in six orbital planes (each containing four MEO satellites), with uniform angles between the orbital planes and an orbital inclination of 55°.

[0030] Each underlying LEO constellation contains multiple LEO satellites. Figure 1 The example shown is a hybrid constellation network comprising three LEO constellations. For instance, the three LEO constellations could be as follows: LEO Constellation 1: Includes 66 LEO satellites, orbiting at an altitude of approximately 780 km, with 6 orbital planes, each containing 11 LEO satellites, and an orbital inclination of 86.4° (near polar orbit).

[0031] LEO Constellation 2: It consists of 144 LEO satellites, with an orbital altitude of approximately 1200 km, 18 orbital planes, 8 LEO satellites in each orbital plane, and an orbital inclination of 87.9° (near polar orbit).

[0032] LEO Constellation 3: consists of 100 LEO satellites, orbiting at an altitude of approximately 1000 km, with 10 orbital planes, each containing 10 LEO satellites, and an orbital inclination of 45° (inclined orbit).

[0033] In this embodiment, the GEO constellation primarily serves as the network control and routing hub, the MEO constellation primarily serves as the regional switching and backbone relay, and the LEO constellation primarily serves as the edge access and edge computing nodes. Each layer of satellites is categorized based on its orbital altitude and function. This will be explained in detail later.

[0034] Furthermore, the inter-satellite links of this hybrid constellation network are divided into three categories: intra-orbit links, inter-orbit links, and inter-layer links.

[0035] In-orbit link: An inter-satellite link connecting adjacent satellites within the same constellation and orbital plane.

[0036] Inter-orbit link: An inter-satellite link that connects adjacent satellites in different orbital planes within the same constellation.

[0037] Inter-layer links: Inter-satellite links between different constellations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this includes LEO-MEO interlayer links between LEO and MEO constellations, and MEO-GEO interlayer links between MEO and GEO constellations.

[0038] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hybrid constellation network also includes a ground center and ground stations.

[0039] The ground centers include: the central control center responsible for the overall constellation planning and management, the regional center responsible for the regional exchange strategy management, and the control center responsible for the operational management of each LEO constellation.

[0040] The ground stations include: high-orbit stations responsible for providing telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) support for the GEO constellation, operation and control stations responsible for providing TT&C support for the MEO constellation, and gateway stations responsible for providing TT&C support for sub-constellations.

[0041] In addition, the hybrid constellation network supports access to multiple user nodes, which can be, for example, low-speed mobile users (such as airplanes and ocean-going ships), ground users (such as field expedition teams), or space users (such as low-Earth orbit exploration satellites); or, when a ground center or ground station needs to communicate with satellites in the hybrid constellation network, the ground center or ground station can also act as a user node.

[0042] When establishing links in a hybrid constellation network, in addition to establishing the inter-satellite links mentioned above, management links and service links can also be established based on the actual situation.

[0043] Management link: The space-to-ground wireless link connecting the ground station and the constellation nodes, carrying constellation management data.

[0044] Service Link: The wireless link connecting the user and the constellation nodes, carrying the user's service data.

[0045] In this embodiment, dynamic link building can be performed on the hybrid constellation network. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps.

[0046] Step S201: Control the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in the first optimization cycle and determine the first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is used at least to configure the MEO-GEO inter-layer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the top-level design is a centralized optimization layer, located in the GEO constellation or the central control center that can manage the GEO constellation, so that the first link optimization is performed according to the preset link optimization method, thereby enabling global optimization of the MEO-GEO inter-layer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation, and obtaining the corresponding link configuration scheme, namely the first link configuration scheme.

[0048] Furthermore, this first link configuration scheme is mainly used to configure inter-satellite links related to the GEO constellation, and link optimization can be performed according to a preset optimization period (i.e., the first optimization period). For example, the first optimization period can be on the order of hours, such as performing the first link optimization once every hour to update the first link configuration scheme.

[0049] It is understood that the first link configuration scheme includes a configuration scheme for MEO-GEO inter-layer links, such as a visible window for MEO-GEO inter-layer links, so as to establish MEO-GEO inter-layer links within the visible window.

[0050] The top-level centralized optimization layer can be periodically (on the order of hours) calculated using rolling time-domain mixed integer programming (MIP). Its constraint is that each MEO satellite is connected to at least one GEO satellite, and each GEO satellite has a maximum number of connections (e.g., the maximum number of connections ≤ 8).

[0051] Mixed-integer programming primarily considers long-term visibility, load balancing, and energy constraints. Its optimization objectives include minimizing end-to-end latency, balancing load, and link establishment costs, and may also include maximizing network connectivity. For example, the objective function corresponding to this optimization objective can be: ;in, For the total delay, For total cost, For load balancing variance, , , These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0052] For example, the inputs to the centralized optimization layer include global topology, long-term forecasts, and business planning, and the output is the first link configuration scheme.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first link configuration scheme can allocate at least one GEO satellite as a control center for each MEO satellite; if multiple GEO satellites are allocated to the MEO satellite, a primary and backup dual link can be established to achieve redundant transmission and improve link reliability.

[0054] Step S202: Control the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is used at least to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle.

[0055] In this embodiment, the middle layer is a region optimization layer, which is mainly implemented through the MEO constellation. The MEO constellation performs second link optimization according to the preset link optimization method, thereby performing region optimization on the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation to obtain the corresponding link configuration scheme, namely the second link configuration scheme.

[0056] When performing regional optimization, the MEO constellation first needs to be optimized at the top level to obtain the first link configuration scheme. That is, regional optimization is performed based on the first link configuration scheme. In other words, the MEO-GEO inter-layer links can be determined first, and then the LEO-MEO inter-layer links can be further determined based on the MEO-GEO inter-layer links.

[0057] Furthermore, the MEO constellation performs second link optimization according to a preset second optimization cycle, and the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle. That is, the first optimization cycle is a relatively long cycle, such as the hour level, while the second optimization cycle is a relatively short cycle, such as the minute level. For example, the second optimization cycle is 1 minute, 5 minutes, etc.

[0058] Since the links related to the MEO constellation are more complex, the intermediate region optimization layer can employ a superior optimization algorithm than mixed-integer programming to generate link schemes. Specifically, the region optimization layer can combine distributed heuristic algorithms with lightweight machine learning (such as deep reinforcement learning) to update link allocations on a minute-by-minute (e.g., 5-minute) basis, balancing real-time performance and optimality.

[0059] The input to the regional optimization layer can include local topology, short-term forecasts, and business requirements, and the output is a second link configuration scheme.

[0060] It is understandable that since inter-satellite links include various types, the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme mentioned above may include intra-orbit links, inter-orbit links, etc., in addition to the corresponding inter-layer links. Since intra-orbit links and inter-orbit links are relatively fixed, this embodiment mainly uses inter-layer links as an example for explanation.

[0061] Step S203: Establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme.

[0062] In this embodiment, after pre-planning each inter-layer link (including MEO-GEO inter-layer links and LEO-MEO inter-layer links), the corresponding inter-layer links can be established based on each link configuration scheme.

[0063] Because the positions of each satellite change, the number of inter-satellite links that can be established will change every certain optimization period. This means the link configuration scheme (including the first and second link configuration schemes) may change. Furthermore, this link configuration scheme is generated in advance and represents the inter-layer links that can be established at future times or within future time periods. Therefore, once the time corresponding to the link configuration scheme is reached at the current time, link establishment can be performed according to that scheme.

[0064] Step S204: When there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, control the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time, and transmit service data between user nodes based on the links currently established in the hybrid constellation network.

[0065] In this embodiment, the underlying LEO constellation is a fast response layer. It is not responsible for establishing inter-layer links, but it is an edge node that accesses user nodes. It needs to be able to quickly respond to business requests initiated by user nodes, with a response time on the order of milliseconds, such as hundreds of milliseconds.

[0066] Specifically, there may be business data that needs to be transmitted between two or more user nodes, such as... Figure 1 As shown, if user A needs to transmit service data to user B (such as making a video call or transmitting large amounts of data), or transmit data to multiple user nodes via multicast or broadcast, the LEO constellation will establish links with each user node in real time for transmitting this service data; specifically, LEO satellites within the LEO constellation establish service links with each user node in real time, achieving millisecond-level rapid response. Furthermore, after receiving the service data, the LEO satellites can transmit the service data through the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network, ultimately reaching the user node that received the service data.

[0067] GEO satellites can be equipped with high-performance processing units, which can work independently or in conjunction with ground centers to run centralized optimization algorithms; MEO satellites are equipped with medium-performance processing units to run regional optimization algorithms; and LEO satellites are equipped with lightweight processing units to perform rapid decision-making and response.

[0068] The dynamic link establishment method for hybrid constellation networks provided in this embodiment divides the hybrid constellation network into three layers: High Orbit (GEO), Medium Orbit (MEO), and Low Orbit (LEO). A three-layer intelligent decision-making architecture is employed for dynamic inter-satellite link construction: centralized optimization at the GEO layer, regional optimization at the MEO layer, and rapid response at the LEO layer. Each layer performs link optimization independently, with the centralized optimization cycle being longer than the regional optimization cycle. This ensures global optimality while enabling timely responses to rapidly changing link states, thus balancing the conflict between global optimization and rapid local response, and improving the overall performance of the hybrid constellation network. This method can adapt to the dynamic topology of hybrid constellations and meet diverse service requirements.

[0069] This embodiment provides a dynamic link building method for hybrid constellation networks, which can be implemented based on hybrid constellation networks. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a dynamic link establishment method for a hybrid constellation network according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps.

[0070] Step S301: Control the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in the first optimization cycle and determine the first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is used at least to configure the MEO-GEO inter-layer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation.

[0071] Please see details Figure 2 Step S201 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0072] Step S302: Control the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is used at least to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle.

[0073] Please see details Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0074] In some alternative implementations, the method further includes step a1.

[0075] Step a1: Obtain the status information of each satellite in the hybrid constellation network. The status information includes the current status information and the predicted status information for the future time period.

[0076] Furthermore, the aforementioned step S301, "controlling the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in the first optimization cycle and determining the first link configuration scheme," specifically includes: controlling the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in the first optimization cycle based on the status information of each first satellite and determining the first link configuration scheme; the first satellite includes GEO satellites in the GEO constellation and MEO satellites in the MEO constellation.

[0077] The above step S302, "Controlling the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme and using a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme," specifically includes: controlling the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the status information of each second satellite and using a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second satellites include MEO satellites in the MEO constellation and LEO satellites in the LEO constellation.

[0078] In this embodiment, each satellite in the hybrid constellation network performs network state awareness and prediction. Specifically, each satellite monitors and predicts network state-related information in real time, forming current state information and predicted state information for future time periods.

[0079] The current status information includes: the satellite's own position, velocity, and attitude; the visibility status of neighboring satellites; link quality (signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, etc.); and service load. Furthermore, based on an orbital mechanics model, each satellite can predict its status information over a subsequent time period T (e.g., T=300 seconds). This predicted status information, combined with subsequent link establishment, allows for advance link switching and resource reservation, preventing communication interruptions. Specifically, this predicted status information can include attributes in the time domain (e.g., the start and end times and duration of the visibility window), the spatial domain (e.g., the relative spatial positions and geometric relationships between satellites and between satellites and ground stations), and the frequency domain (frequency characteristic changes of the wireless communication link caused by the relative motion between satellites). This enables the prediction of visibility windows between satellites, changes in link distance and elevation angle, and Doppler shift.

[0080] When optimizing the network links, a time-varying graph can be built based on the state information of each satellite, serving as a mathematical model for the hybrid constellation network. Specifically, the spatiotemporal extended graph method can be used to discretize the time domain into multiple time slots to construct the spatiotemporal graph. ;in Indicates satellite node i In time A copy, including all Wenxing nodes; This represents the set of links corresponding to a certain moment, specifically including spatial edges. and time Path optimization is performed on the spatiotemporal graph to minimize end-to-end latency and the number of handovers, thereby generating corresponding link configuration schemes.

[0081] Based on this spatiotemporal diagram, the GEO constellation can adopt mixed integer programming, optimize the MEO-GEO interlayer links according to the optimization cycle on the order of hours, determine at least one GEO satellite that each MEO satellite can connect to, and obtain the first link configuration scheme.

[0082] Subsequently, the MEO constellation can optimize the LEO-MEO inter-layer links based on the relevant subgraphs in the spatiotemporal graph, using a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) model and a greedy heuristic algorithm. This optimization process is performed on a minute-by-minute basis, determining that each LEO satellite can connect to at least one MEO satellite, thus obtaining a second link configuration scheme. The optimization objectives can include maximizing service fulfillment, minimizing handover frequency, and balancing MEO load. Furthermore, a lightweight knowledge distillation deep reinforcement learning model can be employed.

[0083] For example, a large deep reinforcement learning network can be trained on the ground and used as the teacher network; a lightweight student network can be built to maintain basic performance through soft labeling and attention transfer. The trained student network can then be deployed on MEO satellites for link optimization, which reduces the number of model parameters and the computational cost on the satellite side.

[0084] Step S303: Establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme.

[0085] Please see details Figure 2 Step S203 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0086] Optionally, the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme include visible windows corresponding to the respective inter-layer links; for example, the first link configuration scheme includes visible windows corresponding to MEO-GEO inter-layer links, and the second link configuration scheme includes visible windows corresponding to LEO-MEO inter-layer links.

[0087] Furthermore, the aforementioned step S303, "establishing inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme," may include the following steps b1 and / or b2.

[0088] Step b1: For any inter-layer link, the inter-layer link is established after a first preset time period before entering the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link.

[0089] Step b2: After a second preset time period before leaving the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link, begin dismantling the inter-layer link.

[0090] In this embodiment, both MEO-GEO inter-layer links and LEO-MEO inter-layer links can employ predictive switching mechanisms.

[0091] Specifically, before the link enters the visible window t1 ( t1 is the first preset duration, for example Establishment begins (t1 = 30 seconds). Similarly, it begins before the link leaves the visible window. t2 ( t1 is the second preset duration, which can be the same as or different from the first preset duration. (t2=30 seconds) Dismantle ahead of schedule to free up resources.

[0092] Furthermore, during link establishment and dismantling, a make-before-break mechanism can be used to ensure that the overlap time between the old and new links has a certain margin (e.g., ≥2 seconds). In addition, the transmit power and modulation and coding scheme can be dynamically adjusted according to the link quality to achieve adaptive link adjustment.

[0093] In this embodiment, links can be established in advance based on the prediction of the future visible window using orbital dynamics; a predictive link switching mechanism (make-before-break) is adopted, that is, when a switch occurs, the new path is established first and the old path is dismantled in order to ensure service continuity.

[0094] Step S304: When there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, control the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time, and transmit service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network.

[0095] Specifically, step S304, "controlling the LEO constellation to establish a business link with each user node in real time," may include steps S3041 to S3042.

[0096] In step S3041, if there is service data to be transmitted between the first user node and the second user node, the control LEO constellation determines the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite for transmitting the service data based on the preset link establishment rules.

[0097] Step S3042: Establish a service link in real time between the first LEO satellite and the first user node, and establish a service link in real time between the second LEO satellite and the second user node.

[0098] In this embodiment, the two user nodes that need to transmit service data based on the hybrid constellation network are referred to as the first user node and the second user node, respectively. The LEO constellation has preset rules for establishing service links with user nodes, i.e., preset link establishment rules. Based on these preset link establishment rules, the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite used for transmitting service data can be determined in real time (at the millisecond level). The first LEO satellite corresponds to the first user node, and the second LEO satellite corresponds to the second user node.

[0099] Once the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite are identified, a service link can be established in real time between the first LEO satellite and the first user node, and a service link can be established in real time between the second LEO satellite and the second user node.

[0100] In this embodiment, the preset chain establishment rules include, for example, the following: based on the coverage area of ​​LEO satellites and the location of user nodes, with coverage as the priority, LEO satellites that can cover user nodes are selected first; and when the coverage of the LEO constellation is about to exceed the location corresponding to the user node, it is necessary to switch to other LEO satellites, that is, to perform predictive switching (specifically, it can satisfy the make-before-break mechanism), with a response time on the order of milliseconds.

[0101] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-layer architecture of this hybrid constellation network is shown, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the top layer is the centralized optimization layer (corresponding to the GEO constellation), the middle layer is the regional optimization layer (corresponding to the MEO constellation), and the bottom layer is the fast response layer (corresponding to the LEO constellation). Furthermore, different optimization cycles and different optimization algorithms are adopted for the characteristics of different levels of links to achieve layered hybrid optimization.

[0102] This embodiment employs an adaptive decision-making strategy based on the orbital characteristics (relative motion speed, link stability) of satellites at each layer. Specifically, top-level (e.g., GEO) satellites are stationary or move slowly relative to the ground, exhibiting high link stability, making a global optimization strategy with wider coverage and lower update frequency suitable. Mid-level (e.g., MEO) satellites move at high speeds, with frequent link topology changes, requiring a local optimization strategy with smaller coverage and higher update frequency to quickly respond to topology changes. Bottom-level (e.g., LEO) dynamically establishes service links in real time based on a rule engine to ensure service response speed. This layered adaptive decision-making mechanism balances the conflict between global optimization and rapid response, improving overall network performance.

[0103] Furthermore, information feedback is provided from bottom to top at each layer, enabling status monitoring, performance reporting, and policy adjustment; and policy execution is performed from top to bottom, enabling policy formulation, regional optimization, and rapid execution. In addition, nodes at the same layer can collaborate on optimization and communicate collaboratively.

[0104] In some optional implementations, step S304 above, "transmitting service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network," may specifically include steps c1 to c3.

[0105] Step c1: If the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations, determine the target transmission path between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite based on the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network.

[0106] Step c2: Determine the target service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the target service group includes each target satellite passing through the target transmission path.

[0107] Step c3: Transmit service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group.

[0108] In this embodiment, if the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations, cross-constellation communication is required. In this case, a service group can be dynamically constructed according to the user's business needs.

[0109] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, after a user node initiates a service request, the LEO constellation parses it to determine the service type (real-time / multicast / broadcast), QoS requirements (latency, bandwidth, reliability), priority, source user node / destination user node, etc., forming the corresponding parsing result. If the source user node and the destination user node correspond to LEO satellites within the same LEO constellation, cross-layer communication is not required; if the source user node and the destination user node correspond to LEO satellites within different LEO constellations, i.e., the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations, then the LEO constellation can initiate a cross-layer communication request to the GEO layer (which can be sent via the management link).

[0110] Based on the results of service request parsing, the GEO constellation dynamically selects constellation nodes to construct the target transmission path between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite. Each satellite corresponding to this target transmission path can serve as the target satellite, forming a target service group. The target transmission path can be determined using strategies such as coverage priority (e.g., selecting visible satellites), load balancing (e.g., avoiding overloaded nodes), path optimization (e.g., minimizing latency / hop count), and redundancy backup (e.g., N+1 protection).

[0111] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, after determining the target satellite, the method further includes: dynamically allocating corresponding network resources to each target satellite; the network resources include at least one of the following: link bandwidth, transmission power, cache resources, and processing resources.

[0112] Specifically, for the target service group formed above, network resources can be dynamically allocated to each target satellite, including link bandwidth (such as hierarchical allocation), transmission power (such as adaptive adjustment), cache resources (such as store-and-forward), and processing capacity (such as computing task allocation). Specifically, a water-filling algorithm (oriented towards multi-path optimization) can be used to schedule resources based on priority queues (such as service classification mechanisms) and fairness guarantees (such as fair scheduling of multiple users), and finally determine the resource allocation scheme for each satellite.

[0113] In addition, it can monitor each satellite in real time and ensure indicators such as latency and packet loss rate, drive the execution and feedback evaluation of business assurance solutions, and allow users to evaluate the completion of business requests to iteratively update the business driving engine, thereby enabling the dynamic construction of service groups and ensuring service quality according to user business needs.

[0114] Optionally, step S304 above, "transmitting service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network", may also include steps c4 to c6.

[0115] Step c4: Determine candidate transmission paths between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite based on the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network.

[0116] Step c5: Determine the candidate service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the candidate service group includes each candidate satellite passing through the candidate transmission path.

[0117] Step c6: In the event of an abnormal target transmission path, transmit service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the candidate transmission path.

[0118] In this embodiment, to ensure the reliability of service data transmission, in addition to determining the target transmission path, at least one candidate transmission path can be determined. Similar to the target transmission path, this candidate path also corresponds to a service group, namely the candidate service group, which includes each candidate satellite passing through the candidate transmission path. In the event of an anomaly in the target transmission path, such as a link interruption or a target satellite malfunction, the system switches to the candidate transmission path and transmits service data between the first user node and the second user node based on this candidate transmission path, ensuring normal and reliable transmission of service data.

[0119] Optionally, if the amount of business data exceeds a preset threshold, the number of determined target transmission paths can be multiple. Step c3, "transmitting business data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group," can include steps c31 to c32.

[0120] Step c31: Dynamically configure the corresponding transmission rate for each target transmission path.

[0121] Step c32: Based on the target service group corresponding to each target transmission path, transmit service data between the first user node and the second user node at the corresponding transmission rate.

[0122] In this embodiment, if user nodes are transmitting large amounts of service data, such as GB-level service data, the service data can be fragmented, and multiple target transmission paths can be established. Each target service data path transmits a portion of the service data simultaneously. Furthermore, based on the load of each target transmission path, the corresponding transmission rate can be dynamically configured for each target transmission path, and the service data can be transmitted between the first user node and the second user node according to the corresponding transmission rate, ensuring fast and reliable transmission of service data.

[0123] For example, the transmission rate of each path can be dynamically allocated based on the water-filling algorithm, specifically as follows: .

[0124] in, Let i be the transmission rate of the target transmission path i at time t. Let i be the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of the target transmission path i at time t. For the water level, [x] + = max(0, x).

[0125] The objective of maximizing the total transmission rate is: Where m is the total number of target transmission paths, , These represent the start and end times of the visible window, respectively. Constraints may include total power constraints and interference constraints. Furthermore, the modulation and coding scheme can be adjusted based on channel quality, but this embodiment will not elaborate on this.

[0126] The following examples illustrate the specific processes of business-driven operations in different business scenarios. The specific indicators or latitude and longitude values ​​given in the examples are merely examples; the actual values ​​may vary depending on the task scenario.

[0127] Example 1: Real-time communication between ocean-going vessels and ground control centers.

[0128] The business scenario corresponds to the following business type: two-way real-time video communication. The locations of the two user nodes are: an ocean-going vessel (180° longitude, 0° latitude) and a ground center (116.4° longitude, 39.9° latitude), with a longitude difference greater than 90°, requiring cross-layer communication. The QoS requirements include: latency < 150ms, jitter < 30ms, and packet loss rate < 1%.

[0129] After an ocean-going vessel initiates a video call request, the service-driven engine analyzes the QoS requirements and constructs a service group. Specifically, it selects LEO satellites covering the ocean-going vessel (prioritizing those with long visibility time and light load) and constructs an end-to-end transmission path, such as: ship → LEO → MEO → GEO → ground center; furthermore, it determines three candidate paths and evaluates the latency, reliability, and load of each transmission path.

[0130] Establish an uplink service link between the ship and the LEO satellite; and establish LEO-MEO links and MEO-GEO links; it is also necessary to establish a downlink service link between GEO and the ground center.

[0131] QoS is guaranteed in real time during communication, including: real-time monitoring of end-to-end latency, triggering an early warning if it is greater than 130ms; dynamic adjustment of video bitrate: downgrading from high definition to standard definition when latency is greater than 140ms; and using forward error correction (FEC) to combat packet loss.

[0132] Example 2: Earth observation satellite transmits data back to the ground center.

[0133] The business scenario corresponds to the following business type: one-way large data transmission. Data source: LEO Earth observation satellite; destination: ground center (longitude difference > 90°); data volume: 50GB~150GB; visibility window: 5 minutes~15 minutes.

[0134] First, transmission path planning is performed. The visible window [T] is calculated based on trajectory prediction. start , T end Assess the available bandwidth within the window and formulate a transmission plan. At this point, multiple independent paths are identified, for example, three independent paths: direct LEO-GEO, LEO-MEO-GEO, and LEO-LEO-MEO-GEO. The capacity and stability of each path can be evaluated, and multiple paths can be selected as target transmission paths for concurrent data transmission.

[0135] Specifically, an MPTCP-like protocol can be used, with data fragmented and transmitted simultaneously through multiple paths. Furthermore, network coding is employed, with the original data packet n=100 and the encoded packet m=120, resulting in a redundancy of 20%. If transmission cannot be completed within the visible window, a MEO satellite is selected as a relay for storage, and transmission continues once other links are established.

[0136] The rate of each path can be dynamically allocated based on the water injection algorithm, which will not be elaborated further.

[0137] Example 3: The ground center broadcasts emergency information to multiple areas.

[0138] The business scenario corresponds to the following business type: one-to-many multicast broadcast. Source node: ground center; target area: at least two dispersed areas (longitude difference > 90°). Communication requirements include: reliable coverage of all areas, latency < 5 seconds.

[0139] First, determine the set of LEO satellites covering each target area, requiring that each area be covered by at least two LEO satellites to achieve redundancy.

[0140] Next, a multicast tree is constructed. Specifically, a hierarchical multicast tree (Steiner tree) is constructed: Ground Center → GEO → MEO → LEO → User. The tree structure optimization objective is to minimize latency and maximize coverage; the constraint is that each target area must be covered by at least two LEO satellites.

[0141] Network coding is used to ensure transmission reliability. The source node sends n raw data packets, which are then encoded into m encoded packets, where m > n. Decoding is possible by receiving any n encoded packets, with a redundancy of r = m / n. In this embodiment, the source data is divided into n = 100 raw packets, encoded into m = 110 packets, and decoding is possible by receiving any 100 packets, tolerating 10% packet loss.

[0142] Furthermore, the transmission path employs a redundant design. Specifically, each LEO satellite receives data via two independent paths, with data backups configured at critical nodes (such as GEO and MEO). At least one LEO satellite in each region returns a reception acknowledgment; if no acknowledgment is received, retransmission is triggered.

[0143] The method provided in this embodiment is applicable to various business scenarios. Scenario 1: Real-time communication on ocean-going vessels, employing predictive path planning and adaptive bitrate adjustment; Scenario 2: Earth observation data backhaul, employing multi-path concurrent transmission and store-and-forward mechanisms; Scenario 3: Wide-area multicast broadcasting, employing hierarchical multicast trees and network coding to enhance reliability. In this embodiment, link establishment and dismantling in advance based on orbit prediction reduces service interruptions; multi-path concurrent transmission ensures data transmission efficiency and reliability; and hierarchical multicast trees and network coding ensure high reliability of broadcast services.

[0144] The dynamic link establishment method for hybrid constellation networks provided in this embodiment employs a GEO layer centralized optimization, MEO layer regional optimization, and LEO layer rapid response approach. This ensures global optimality while enabling timely responses to rapidly changing link states, thus balancing the conflict between global optimization and local rapid response. Based on a service-driven service group construction mechanism, service type and quality of service requirements are used as core driving factors for link establishment and resource allocation. Satellite nodes meeting service needs are selected across layers to form service groups, and link bandwidth, transmit power, and buffer resources are dynamically allocated to these groups. This service-driven resource allocation method enables on-demand allocation of network resources, avoiding resource waste while ensuring differentiated QoS requirements for different services and improving service quality. By pre-determining visibility windows based on satellite orbit prediction, links are established before they enter the visibility window. During handover, the target link is established first, followed by the dismantling of the source link, avoiding service interruptions caused by passive responses and ensuring overlap between old and new links for smooth service migration, further improving communication continuity. This method solves the challenges of dynamic inter-satellite link construction and service operation management in hybrid constellation networks, significantly improving network performance, resource efficiency, and service adaptability, and meeting the communication needs of diverse services.

[0145] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a hybrid constellation network, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations.

[0146] The GEO constellation is used to: perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The MEO constellation is used to: perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The GEO constellation and the MEO constellation are also used to: establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; The LEO constellation is used to: establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and transmit the service data between user nodes based on the links currently established by the hybrid constellation network.

[0147] In some optional implementations, the GEO constellation, MEO constellation, and LEO constellation are also used to: acquire state information of each satellite in the hybrid constellation network, the state information including current state information and predicted state information for future time periods.

[0148] The GEO constellation is specifically used for: performing first link optimization based on the status information of each first satellite in a first optimization cycle, and determining a first link configuration scheme; the first satellite includes GEO satellites in the GEO constellation and MEO satellites in the MEO constellation; The MEO constellation is specifically used for: optimizing the second link based on the status information of each second satellite and the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle, and determining the second link configuration scheme; the second satellite includes MEO satellites in the MEO constellation and LEO satellites in the LEO constellation.

[0149] In some optional implementations, establishing the inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme includes: For any inter-layer link, the inter-layer link is established starting from a first preset time period before entering the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link; and / or, the inter-layer link is dismantled starting from a second preset time period before leaving the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link. The first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme include the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link.

[0150] In some optional implementations, the real-time establishment of service links with each of the user nodes includes: When there is service data to be transmitted between the first user node and the second user node, the control system determines the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite for transmitting the service data based on preset link establishment rules, and establishes a service link between the first LEO satellite and the first user node in real time, and establishes a service link between the second LEO satellite and the second user node in real time.

[0151] In some optional implementations, the GEO constellation is further used to: determine a target transmission path between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network when the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations; determine a target service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the target service group includes each target satellite passing through the target transmission path; The transmission of the service data between the user nodes based on the link currently established by the hybrid constellation network includes: transmitting the service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group.

[0152] In some optional implementations, the GEO constellation is further configured to: determine candidate transmission paths between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite based on the links currently established in the hybrid constellation network; determine a candidate service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the candidate service group includes each candidate satellite passing through the candidate transmission path; The transmission of the service data between the user nodes based on the link currently established by the hybrid constellation network further includes: in the event of an anomaly in the target transmission path, transmitting the service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the candidate transmission path.

[0153] In some optional implementations, the GEO constellation is also used to: dynamically allocate corresponding network resources to each of the target satellites; the network resources include at least one of: link bandwidth, transmit power, cache resources, and processing resources.

[0154] In some optional implementations, when the amount of business data exceeds a preset threshold, the number of the determined target transmission paths is multiple. The transmission of service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group includes: dynamically configuring a corresponding transmission rate for each target transmission path; and transmitting the service data between the first user node and the second user node according to the corresponding transmission rate based on the target service group corresponding to each target transmission path.

[0155] This embodiment also provides a dynamic link-building device for a hybrid constellation network, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0156] This embodiment provides a dynamic link-building device for a hybrid constellation network, wherein the hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; for example Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: The first optimization module 601 is used to control the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The second optimization module 602 is used to control the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle, and to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle. Link establishment module 603 is used to establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; The service module 604 is used to control the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and to transmit the service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network.

[0157] In some alternative embodiments, the apparatus further includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the status information of each satellite in the hybrid constellation network, the status information including current status information and predicted status information in the future time period; The step of controlling the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine the first link configuration scheme includes: controlling the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle based on the status information of each first satellite and determine the first link configuration scheme; the first satellite includes GEO satellites in the GEO constellation and MEO satellites in the MEO constellation; The step of controlling the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization on the basis of the first link configuration scheme at a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme includes: controlling the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization on the basis of the first link configuration scheme at a second optimization cycle according to the status information of each second satellite to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second satellite includes MEO satellites in the MEO constellation and LEO satellites in the LEO constellation.

[0158] In some optional implementations, establishing the inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme includes: For any inter-layer link, the inter-layer link is established starting from a first preset time period before entering the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link; and / or, the inter-layer link is dismantled starting from a second preset time period before leaving the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link. The first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme include the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link.

[0159] In some optional implementations, the step of controlling the LEO constellation to establish service links with each of the user nodes in real time includes: When there is service data to be transmitted between the first user node and the second user node, the control system determines the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite for transmitting the service data based on preset link establishment rules, and establishes a service link between the first LEO satellite and the first user node in real time, and establishes a service link between the second LEO satellite and the second user node in real time.

[0160] In some optional implementations, the transmission of the service data between the user nodes based on the links currently established in the hybrid constellation network includes: When the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations, the target transmission path between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite is determined based on the currently established link of the hybrid constellation network. Determine the target service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the target service group includes each target satellite passing through the target transmission path; The service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group.

[0161] In some optional implementations, the transmission of the service data between the user nodes based on the links currently established in the hybrid constellation network further includes: Based on the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network, a candidate transmission path is determined between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite; Determine the candidate service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the candidate service group includes each candidate satellite passing through the candidate transmission path; In the event of an anomaly in the target transmission path, the service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node based on the candidate transmission path.

[0162] In some optional implementations, the service module 604 is further configured to: dynamically allocate corresponding network resources to each of the target satellites; the network resources include at least one of: link bandwidth, transmission power, cache resources, and processing resources.

[0163] In some optional implementations, when the amount of business data exceeds a preset threshold, the number of the determined target transmission paths is multiple. The transmission of the service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group includes: Dynamically configure the corresponding transmission rate for each of the target transmission paths; Based on the target service group corresponding to each target transmission path, the service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node at the corresponding transmission rate.

[0164] The dynamic link establishment apparatus for hybrid constellation networks provided in this disclosure can execute the dynamic link establishment method for hybrid constellation networks provided in any embodiment of this disclosure, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the various modules and units described above are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0165] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0166] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing the electronic device described in the embodiments of this application. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a program loaded from memory 708 into random access memory (RAM) 703. The RAM 703 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 701, ROM 702, and RAM 703 are interconnected via a bus 704. An input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to the bus 704.

[0167] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 705: input devices 706 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 707 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 708 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 709. Communication device 709 allows electronic devices to exchange data via wireless or wired communication with other devices. Although Figure 7Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0168] Specifically, according to embodiments of this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication device 709, or installed from memory 708, or installed from ROM 702. When the computer program is executed by processor 701, it performs the functions defined in the dynamic link establishment method for hybrid constellation networks according to embodiments of this application.

[0169] Figure 7 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0170] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described in this application can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as recordable on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded over a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the dynamic link-building method for hybrid constellation networks shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0171] A portion of this application can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to this application through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0172] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic link establishment method for hybrid constellation networks, characterized in that, The hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; the method includes: The GEO constellation is controlled to perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle to determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The MEO constellation is controlled to perform a second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network are established according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; When there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, the LEO constellation is controlled to establish service links with each user node in real time, and the service data is transmitted between the user nodes based on the links currently established by the hybrid constellation network.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the status information of each satellite in the hybrid constellation network, the status information including current status information and predicted status information for a future time period; The control of the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle, and to determine the first link configuration scheme, includes: The control system optimizes the first link based on the status information of each first satellite in a first optimization cycle to determine the first link configuration scheme; the first satellite includes GEO satellites in the GEO constellation and MEO satellites in the MEO constellation. The control of the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme at a second optimization cycle, and to determine the second link configuration scheme, includes: The MEO constellation is controlled to perform second link optimization based on the status information of each second satellite and the first link configuration scheme at a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second satellite includes MEO satellites in the MEO constellation and LEO satellites in the LEO constellation.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of establishing inter-layer links in the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme includes: For any inter-layer link, the inter-layer link is established starting from a first preset time period before entering the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link; and / or, the inter-layer link is dismantled starting from a second preset time period before leaving the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link. The first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme include the visible window corresponding to the inter-layer link.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of controlling the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time includes: When there is service data to be transmitted between the first user node and the second user node, the control system determines the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite for transmitting the service data based on preset link establishment rules, and establishes a service link between the first LEO satellite and the first user node in real time, and establishes a service link between the second LEO satellite and the second user node in real time.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission of service data between user nodes based on the links currently established in the hybrid constellation network includes: When the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite belong to different LEO constellations, the target transmission path between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite is determined based on the currently established link of the hybrid constellation network. Determine the target service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the target service group includes each target satellite passing through the target transmission path; The service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission of the service data between user nodes based on the link currently established in the hybrid constellation network also includes: Based on the currently established links in the hybrid constellation network, a candidate transmission path is determined between the first LEO satellite and the second LEO satellite; Determine the candidate service group corresponding to the target transmission path; the candidate service group includes each candidate satellite passing through the candidate transmission path; In the event of an anomaly in the target transmission path, the service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node based on the candidate transmission path.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Dynamically allocate corresponding network resources to each of the target satellites; the network resources include at least one of the following: link bandwidth, transmission power, cache resources, and processing resources.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the amount of business data exceeds a preset threshold, the number of target transmission paths determined is multiple. The transmission of the service data between the first user node and the second user node based on the target service group includes: Dynamically configure the corresponding transmission rate for each of the target transmission paths; Based on the target service group corresponding to each target transmission path, the service data is transmitted between the first user node and the second user node at the corresponding transmission rate.

9. A dynamic link-building device for a hybrid constellation network, characterized in that, The hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; the device includes: The first optimization module is used to control the GEO constellation to perform first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The second optimization module is used to control the MEO constellation to perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle, and to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The link establishment module is used to establish inter-layer links in the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme. The service module is used to control the LEO constellation to establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and to transmit the service data between user nodes based on the currently established links of the hybrid constellation network.

10. A hybrid constellation network, characterized in that, The hybrid constellation network includes GEO constellations, MEO constellations, and multiple LEO constellations; The GEO constellation is used to: perform a first link optimization in a first optimization cycle and determine a first link configuration scheme; the first link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the MEO-GEO interlayer link between the MEO constellation and the GEO constellation. The MEO constellation is used to: perform second link optimization based on the first link configuration scheme with a second optimization cycle to determine the second link configuration scheme; the second link allocation scheme is at least used to configure the LEO-MEO inter-layer link between the LEO constellation and the MEO constellation; the second optimization cycle is shorter than the first optimization cycle; The GEO constellation and the MEO constellation are also used to: establish inter-layer links of the hybrid constellation network according to the first link configuration scheme and the second link configuration scheme; The LEO constellation is used to: establish service links with each user node in real time when there is service data to be transmitted between user nodes, and transmit the service data between user nodes based on the links currently established by the hybrid constellation network.

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