A multi-source heterogeneous data comprehensive gateway system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610885170.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-20
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of data transmission equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system. Background Technology
[0002] With the deepening application of IoT technology in fields such as construction, infrastructure, and environmental monitoring, the demand for remote, real-time, and reliable data collection and transmission from various types of on-site equipment (such as sensors, instruments, and actuators) is becoming increasingly urgent. In complex construction sites or harsh natural environments, such as underground pipe networks, large structures, and scattered agricultural plots, challenges often arise, including power supply difficulties, high cabling costs, and severe wireless signal attenuation due to obstruction. Existing IoT data acquisition and transmission solutions typically employ a combination of single-function data acquisition and network transmission equipment. Data acquisition equipment requires the deployment of dedicated current and voltage acquisition devices, RS-485 bus acquisition modules, RS-232 serial port server devices, etc., resulting in a wide variety of equipment, complex installation and cabling, and high overall system power consumption and cost. Network transmission equipment typically uses wired Ethernet or 4G cellular networks, but in extreme scenarios without mains power or fiber optic coverage, these methods suffer from high power consumption, reliance on infrastructure, and weak signal penetration. While low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies such as LoRa can solve the problem of long-distance, low-power data transmission, existing LoRa gateways have limited functionality, typically only responsible for network aggregation and lacking flexible data acquisition capabilities.
[0003] Therefore, existing technical solutions, when addressing the need for integrated acquisition of multi-source heterogeneous data (analog, digital, and serial data) and low-power long-distance wireless transmission, exhibit shortcomings such as complex system architecture, redundant equipment, inflexible deployment, high total power consumption, and difficulty in stable operation in extreme wireless environments. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system to solve the problems of complex system architecture, redundant equipment, inflexible deployment, high power consumption, and limited functionality of LoRa gateways caused by existing devices collecting and transmitting multi-source heterogeneous data in extreme scenarios such as high obstruction and high attenuation.
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system, comprising multiple nodes distributed across a LoRa-based integrated gateway device. The integrated gateway device includes a low-power main controller and its connected power module, multi-channel data acquisition module, and LoRa wireless communication module. The LoRa wireless communication module is connected to a cellular network module. The low-power main controller is used to wirelessly transmit data collected by monitoring devices connected to the multi-channel data acquisition module via the LoRa wireless communication module. The LoRa wireless communication module executes timing sequences for standby, listening, and sleep states. The LoRa wireless communication module can be configured to gateway mode, relay mode, and transmission mode.
[0006] When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in gateway mode, it is used to connect with the LoRa wireless communication modules of the integrated gateway devices in other nodes to aggregate the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices in other nodes.
[0007] When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in relay mode, it is used to connect with the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway devices in other nodes to forward the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices of the corresponding nodes.
[0008] When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device described in this node is in transmission mode, it is used to encapsulate the data collected by the monitoring device connected to it into data packets for transmission through the low-power main controller.
[0009] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention includes an analog quantity acquisition submodule and a digital quantity acquisition submodule in its multi-channel data acquisition module.
[0010] Furthermore, in the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention, the analog quantity acquisition submodule includes an eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit and an analog interface connected to its input terminal, and the output terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit is connected to the low-power main controller.
[0011] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention includes an eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit comprising a four-channel isolated current acquisition circuit and a four-channel isolated voltage acquisition circuit. Each acquisition circuit includes an isolation transformer, a filter circuit, a programmable gain amplifier, a low-pass filter, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a signal conditioning circuit. The primary coil of the isolation transformer is the input terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit, and the analog-to-digital converter is the output terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit.
[0012] Furthermore, in the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention, the digital acquisition submodule includes an RS-485 interface and an RS-232 interface that are connected to the low-power main controller via the UART communication protocol.
[0013] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention includes a LoRa wireless communication module comprising a LoRa radio frequency chip supporting multiple channels and an antenna connected thereto, operating in the frequency band of 410.125 MHz to 493.125 MHz and supporting data transmission rates of 2.4k to 62.5kbps.
[0014] Furthermore, in the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention, the power supply module is a DC-DC boost circuit.
[0015] Furthermore, in the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention, the cellular network module is a 4G / 5G cellular network module.
[0016] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by the present invention also includes:
[0017] When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in gateway mode, the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node, after aggregating the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices of other nodes, uploads the aggregated data to the cloud server through the cellular network module of the integrated gateway device in this node.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0019] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by this invention, through the configuration of integrated gateway devices based on LoRa networking with multiple distributed nodes in gateway mode, relay mode, and transmission mode, achieves flexible deployment and avoids the need to deploy a large number of network transmission devices such as routing devices, relay devices, and gateway devices in traditional networking methods. Utilizing the strong penetration advantage of the LoRa wireless communication module, it avoids the signal obstruction and attenuation problems encountered by conventional wireless transmission methods such as WIFI modules, overcoming long-distance transmission in extreme scenarios such as high obstruction and high attenuation, avoiding the need to lay a large number of fiber optic cables and other network cables, and is not dependent on infrastructure. By executing the timing of standby, listening, and sleep states through the LoRa wireless communication module, it achieves low-power operation of the device. Through a multi-channel data acquisition module, it realizes data acquisition and reserves redundant ports, avoiding the problems of complex installation and wiring, and high overall system power consumption and cost caused by the deployment of dedicated current acquisition devices, voltage acquisition devices, RS-485 bus acquisition modules, and RS-232 serial port device servers required by traditional data acquisition equipment.
[0020] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by this invention integrates and configures three modes through a low-power main controller of LoRa wireless communication module. It overcomes the limitation of traditional LoRa network devices having only a single star topology. Users can configure different path mesh transmissions to independently build star, chain, or mesh hybrid network topologies, which can effectively adapt to complex environments, bypass obstructions, expand the network coverage range several times, and significantly improve the success rate of data backhaul and system robustness.
[0021] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by this invention replaces the data acquisition function with a multi-channel data acquisition module and integrates the three roles of LoRa network into a single device. This replaces the complex system that requires multiple independent devices in the traditional solution, greatly reducing the number of field devices, simplifying wiring, and reducing installation costs and failure points.
[0022] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided by this invention can power the entire device by powering the low-power main controller through the power module. By controlling the timing of the LoRa wireless communication module to execute standby, listening, and sleep states, the device can achieve continuous operation for several years under battery power, completely solving the problem of long-term monitoring power supply in remote areas without mains power, and realizing long-term, long-distance transmission of monitoring data such as building construction data. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system;
[0024] Figure 2 This is the timing diagram of the LoRa wireless communication module;
[0025] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic of an eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a software interface diagram of a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system;
[0027] As shown in the figure:
[0028] 100. Integrated gateway device based on LoRa networking;
[0029] 101. Low-power main controller; 102. Power supply module; 103. Multi-channel data acquisition module; 104. LoRa wireless communication module; 105. Cellular network module.
[0030] 200. Cloud server;
[0031] 300. Eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.
[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 This invention provides a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system, including a multi-node distributed integrated gateway device 100 based on LoRa networking. The integrated gateway device 100 includes a low-power main controller 101 and its connected power module 102, multi-channel data acquisition module 103, and LoRa wireless communication module 104. The LoRa wireless communication module 104 is connected to a 4G / 5G cellular network module 105. The low-power main controller 101 is used to wirelessly transmit data collected by monitoring devices such as sensors, instruments, and actuators connected to the multi-channel data acquisition module 103 through the LoRa wireless communication module 104. The LoRa wireless communication module 104 executes timing sequences for standby mode (Radio in STDBY RC), listening mode (Radio in RX mode), and sleep mode (Radio in SLEEP mode). The LoRa wireless communication module 104 can be configured as a gateway mode, a relay mode, and a transmission mode.
[0034] Gateway mode:
[0035] When the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node is in gateway mode, it is used to connect to the network of the LoRa wireless communication modules 104 of the integrated gateway devices 100 in other nodes, and to aggregate the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices 100 in other nodes. That is, the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node can monitor the data packets transmitted by the LoRa wireless communication modules 104 of the integrated gateway devices 100 in dozens or even hundreds of other terminal nodes.
[0036] Relay mode:
[0037] When the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node is in relay mode, it is used to connect to the LoRa wireless communication modules 104 of the integrated gateway devices 100 in other nodes for network configuration, and to forward the data collected or received by the corresponding node's integrated gateway device 100. At this time, the integrated gateway device 100 in this node runs a simple store-and-forward protocol. When it detects data packets sent by other terminal nodes in the network, the device will automatically receive the data packets and, based on its own identity and power, forward them to the next-level relay or final gateway, thereby effectively extending the network coverage.
[0038] Transmission mode:
[0039] When the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 described in this node is in transmission mode, it is used to encapsulate the data collected by the monitoring device connected to it into data packets for transmission via the low-power main controller 101. That is, the current, voltage, 485 data, and 232 data collected by the multi-channel data acquisition module 103 of the integrated gateway device 100 described in this node are encapsulated into standard LoRa data frames and sent directly to a preset gateway address at set time intervals.
[0040] in Figure 1 The example shows three integrated gateway devices 100 (hereinafter referred to as gateway devices) based on LoRa networking, but is not limited to three; two or more are also acceptable, where "more" includes the number itself. Figure 1 The three gateway devices 100 are configured in transmission mode, relay mode, and gateway mode, but are not limited to these modes. They can be flexibly configured according to the node locations, and data acquisition can be achieved at the node in all three modes. For example, using ten gateway devices 100, one gateway device 100 can be designated as the master node, and the remaining gateway devices 100 as branch nodes. The master node can be configured in gateway mode, and the branch nodes in transmission mode.
[0041] Please refer to Figure 3To avoid the problems of complex installation and wiring, high overall system power consumption, and high cost caused by the need to deploy dedicated current and voltage acquisition devices, RS-485 bus acquisition modules, and RS-232 serial port device servers in traditional data acquisition equipment, this invention provides a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system. The multi-channel data acquisition module 103 includes an analog signal acquisition submodule and a digital signal acquisition submodule. The analog signal acquisition submodule includes an eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit 300 and an analog interface connected to its input terminals. The output terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit 300 is connected to the low-power main controller 101. The eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit 300 includes a four-channel isolated current acquisition circuit and a four-channel isolated voltage acquisition circuit. Each acquisition circuit includes an isolation transformer T, an RC filter circuit composed of resistors R1, R2, and capacitor C, a programmable gain amplifier (PGA), a low-pass filter (LPF), a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a signal conditioning circuit. The primary coil of the isolation transformer T is the input terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit 300, and the ADC is the output terminal. The eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit 300 can acquire industrial standard 4-20mA current input or 0-5V voltage input. For current acquisition, a precision sampling resistor converts the standard 4-20mA current signal into a voltage signal; for voltage acquisition, the circuit can directly accept a 0-5V input. All analog interfaces can also use optocouplers instead of isolation transformers to achieve electrical isolation, eliminating common-mode interference and ensuring measurement accuracy and system safety in complex industrial electromagnetic environments, achieving the goal of wide-range, high-precision, and electrically isolated data acquisition.
[0042] The signal conditioning circuit is connected to an AND gate on the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), with a constant 4.096V input. The digital acquisition submodule includes an RS-485 interface and an RS-232 interface (not shown) connected to the low-power main controller 101 via the UART communication protocol. The RS-485 interface uses a differential transceiver chip with fail-safe and overvoltage protection functions, supporting multi-node bus connections; the RS-232 interface uses a level conversion chip to achieve full-duplex communication. The UART peripheral of the low-power main controller 101, by parsing the built-in Modbus RTU and other industrial protocol stacks, can be flexibly configured to actively poll sensors connected to the RS-485 bus or passively receive data from devices on the RS-232 port.
[0043] To address the challenge of long-distance wireless transmission of multi-source heterogeneous data in extreme scenarios such as high obstruction and high attenuation, this invention provides a multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system. The LoRa wireless communication module 104 includes a multi-channel LoRa RF chip and its connected antenna, operating in the 410.125 MHz to 493.125 MHz frequency band, supporting data transmission rates from 2.4kbps to 62.5kbps. The LoRa RF chip, operating in the 410.125 MHz to 493.125 MHz band, possesses strong penetration capabilities. Its transmit power can be dynamically adjusted within a wide range (e.g., +5dBm to +22dBm) via software commands to adapt to different communication distances and power consumption requirements. Its receive sensitivity is better than -140dBm, ensuring link reliability in long-distance and weak signal environments. The LoRa RF chip can employ spread spectrum modulation technology, achieving ultra-long-distance communication while maintaining low power consumption, making it particularly suitable for monitoring in extreme scenarios with dispersed deployments and difficult power supply. For example, the LoRa wireless communication module 104 uses the 410MHz frequency band and has a variety of configurable air rates (such as 0.3kbps to 37.5kbps). By configuring a lower rate and the maximum spreading factor, it can achieve the ultimate receiving sensitivity and communication distance by sacrificing some transmission delay, which perfectly matches the application characteristics of building engineering monitoring, such as small data volume, regular reporting, and long battery life.
[0044] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a power module 102 that is a DC-DC boost circuit. It can be used with an inductor with low equivalent series resistance (ESR) and a fast recovery diode to form a boost topology. The output voltage is precisely adjusted by controlling the duty cycle of the switching transistor through pulse width modulation (PWM). This solution typically achieves an energy conversion efficiency of over 90%, far exceeding that of linear voltage regulation solutions. This significantly reduces heat loss during energy conversion, lowers the chip operating temperature, and improves the long-term stability and reliability of the system in high-temperature environments. It provides a stable power supply for the low-power main controller 101, avoiding the drawbacks of high energy loss and high chip operating temperature associated with LDO boost technology.
[0045] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention, through the configuration of a LoRa-based integrated gateway device 100 distributed by multiple nodes in gateway mode, relay mode, and transmission mode, achieves flexible deployment and avoids the need to deploy a large number of network transmission devices such as routing devices, relay devices, and gateway devices in traditional networking methods. Utilizing the strong penetration advantage of the LoRa wireless communication module 104, it avoids the signal obstruction and attenuation problems that occur with conventional WIFI modules and other wireless transmission methods, overcoming long-distance transmission in extreme scenarios such as high obstruction and high attenuation, avoiding the need to lay a large number of fiber optic cables and other network cables, and not relying on infrastructure. By executing the timing of standby, listening, and sleep states through the LoRa wireless communication module 104, the device achieves low-power operation. Through the multi-channel data acquisition module 103103, data acquisition is realized and redundant ports are reserved, avoiding the problems of complex installation and wiring, and high overall system power consumption and cost caused by the deployment of dedicated current acquisition devices, voltage acquisition devices, RS-485 bus acquisition modules, and RS-232 serial port device servers required by traditional data acquisition equipment.
[0046] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention integrates and configures three modes through the LoRa wireless communication module 104 and the low-power main controller 101. This overcomes the limitation that traditional LoRa network devices only have a single star topology. Users can configure different path mesh transmissions to independently build star, chain, or mesh hybrid network topologies. This can effectively adapt to complex environments, bypass obstructions, expand the network coverage area several times, and significantly improve the success rate of data backhaul and system robustness.
[0047] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention replaces the data acquisition function with a multi-channel data acquisition module 103 and integrates the three roles of LoRa network into a single device. This replaces the complex system that requires multiple independent devices in the traditional solution, greatly reducing the number of field devices, simplifying wiring, and reducing installation costs and failure points.
[0048] The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention can power the entire device by supplying power to the low-power main controller 101 through the power module 102. By controlling the timing of the LoRa wireless communication module 104 to execute standby, listening, and sleep states, the device can achieve continuous operation for several years on battery power, completely solving the long-term monitoring power supply problem in remote areas without mains power, and realizing long-term, long-distance transmission of monitoring data such as construction data. In other words, this invention adopts a mechanism combining time-segmented data acquisition and deep sleep. During most of the time when there is no data acquisition or communication, the main controller controls the entire system to enter a deep sleep state. In this state, only the real-time clock (RTC) and a few key registers are powered, and the overall current can be reduced to the microampere level. Through the RTC timer interrupt or external wake-up signal (such as a specific serial port instruction), the system is awakened and enters the active state, at which time the current rises to the tens of milliamperes level to perform data acquisition, processing, and wireless transmission tasks. After the tasks are completed, the system immediately re-enters deep sleep. This duty cycle operating mode of "instantaneous operation and long-term hibernation" is the key to enabling the device to operate for years on battery power, achieving the goals of "ultra-low power consumption" and "long-term monitoring".
[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 To facilitate data monitoring and analysis, the multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system provided in this embodiment of the invention may further include:
[0050] When the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node is in gateway mode, the LoRa wireless communication module 104 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node, after aggregating data collected or received by other integrated gateway devices 100, uploads the aggregated data to the cloud server 300 through the cellular network module 105 of the integrated gateway device 100 in this node. At this time, monitoring software can be built to analyze and process the data received by the cloud server 300 through the monitoring software interface. Alternatively, data from the cloud server can be read through terminal devices such as computers and analyzed and processed through the monitoring software interface, generating analysis reports in the form of visual charts, etc.
[0051] This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Obviously, the embodiments described above are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this invention are within the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make other modifications and variations to this invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this invention fall within the scope of the claims of this invention, then this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system, characterized in that, The integrated gateway device includes a multi-node distributed LoRa-based network. The integrated gateway device comprises a low-power main controller and its connected power module, multi-channel data acquisition module, and LoRa wireless communication module. The LoRa wireless communication module is connected to a cellular network module. The low-power main controller is used to wirelessly transmit data collected by monitoring devices connected to the multi-channel data acquisition module via the LoRa wireless communication module. The LoRa wireless communication module executes timing sequences for standby, listening, and sleep states. The LoRa wireless communication module can be configured to gateway mode, relay mode, and transmission mode. When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in gateway mode, it is used to connect with the LoRa wireless communication modules of the integrated gateway devices in other nodes to aggregate the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices in other nodes. When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in relay mode, it is used to connect with the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway devices in other nodes to forward the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices of the corresponding nodes. When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device described in this node is in transmission mode, it is used to encapsulate the data collected by the monitoring device connected to it into data packets for transmission through the low-power main controller.
2. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-channel data acquisition module includes an analog acquisition submodule and a digital acquisition submodule.
3. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The analog acquisition submodule includes an eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit and an analog interface connected to its input terminal. The output terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit is connected to the low-power main controller.
4. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit includes a four-channel isolated current acquisition circuit and a four-channel isolated voltage acquisition circuit. Each acquisition circuit includes an isolation transformer, a filter circuit, a programmable gain amplifier, a low-pass filter, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a signal conditioning circuit. The primary coil of the isolation transformer is the input terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit, and the analog-to-digital converter is the output terminal of the eight-channel multiplexed data acquisition circuit.
5. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The digital acquisition submodule includes an RS-485 interface and an RS-232 interface that are connected to the low-power main controller via the UART communication protocol.
6. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LoRa wireless communication module includes a multi-channel LoRa RF chip and its connected antenna, operating in the frequency band of 410.125 MHz to 493.125 MHz, and supporting data transmission rates of 2.4k to 62.5kbps.
7. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module is a DC-DC boost circuit.
8. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cellular network module is a 4G / 5G cellular network module.
9. The multi-source heterogeneous data integrated gateway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: When the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node is in gateway mode, the LoRa wireless communication module of the integrated gateway device in this node, after aggregating the data collected or received by the integrated gateway devices of other nodes, uploads the aggregated data to the cloud server through the cellular network module of the integrated gateway device in this node.