Organic fertilizer application device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an organic fertilizer applying device and method, which comprises an equipment frame, walking wheels rotatably arranged on the both sides of the outer wall of the equipment frame, a crushing assembly arranged on the outer wall of the equipment frame and used for crushing the surface soil, removing the roots of weeds and burning the roots, a deep layer fertilizer applying assembly arranged on the outer wall of the equipment frame and used for burying solid particle organic fertilizer in the deep layer of the soil, and a leveling fertilizer applying assembly arranged on the outer wall of the equipment frame and used for leveling the soil and spraying liquid organic fertilizer on the surface soil. The application integrates soil crushing, weed removal, deep layer fertilizer applying and surface spraying and leveling into one, and can complete the whole process operation through once pulling and walking, thereby obviously improving the efficiency. The application adopts the combination of deep layer punching and filling solid fertilizer and surface spraying liquid fertilizer, effectively promotes the growth of roots and improves the nutrient utilization rate, and simultaneously utilizes the synergistic effect of crushing and turning over the soil and flame burning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, specifically an organic fertilizer application device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, the application of organic fertilizers is of great significance for improving soil and enhancing crop quality. Organic fertilizers are widely used in agricultural production as an important source of soil improvement and crop nutrition, and their application has formed a relatively mature industrial system. Currently, agricultural producers typically apply organic fertilizers manually or through simple mechanical spreading, methods that primarily apply fertilizer to the soil surface. With the development of agricultural mechanization, soil tillage equipment such as rotary tillers and specialized liquid fertilizer spraying equipment have emerged on the market, and these devices are widely used in agricultural production. Agricultural producers usually need to use different agricultural machinery to perform soil treatment, fertilization, and weeding operations in the field.

[0003] However, agricultural production requires multiple processes such as soil pretreatment, fertilization, and weeding. These processes are currently fragmented and require different agricultural machinery to be operated multiple times in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an organic fertilizer application device and method that can solve the technical problems of fragmented processes, low efficiency, and low fertilizer utilization rate in traditional organic fertilizer application methods. To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides an organic fertilizer application device, comprising:

[0006] The equipment frame has wheels rotatably inserted into both sides of its outer wall.

[0007] A crushing component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame. The crushing component is used to crush the topsoil, turn over the roots of weeds, and burn them with a flame.

[0008] A deep fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame, which buries solid granular organic fertilizer in the deep soil layer.

[0009] A leveling and fertilizing component is installed on the outer wall of the equipment frame. The leveling and fertilizing component is used to level the soil and spray liquid organic fertilizer onto the surface soil.

[0010] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a swing arm, a flamethrower, and a crushing wheel.

[0011] Furthermore, the swing rod is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the equipment frame, the crushing wheel is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the swing rod, the flamethrower is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the equipment frame by a bracket, and an angle cylinder is rotatably inserted into one side of the outer wall of the equipment frame, and the output end of the angle cylinder is rotatably inserted into the opening of the outer wall of the swing rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the deep fertilization assembly includes an angle plate, an auxiliary groove, a mounting plate, a lifting frame, a punch, a bearing seat, and a drive assembly. The angle plate is rotatably inserted into the outer edge of the equipment frame. The auxiliary groove is opened on the outer wall of the angle plate. The bearing seat is embedded in the inner wall of the mounting plate. The mounting plate is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the auxiliary groove. The lifting frame is slidably inserted into the outer wall opening of the mounting plate. The punch is rotatably inserted into the inner wall opening of the lifting frame. The top end of the punch is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the bearing seat. The drive assembly is located on the outer wall of the punch. The inner wall of the punch has a feeding hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a worm gear, a worm, a power frame, a lifting cylinder, and a drilling servo. The worm gear is fixedly mounted on the top outer wall of the drill, and the worm is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the power frame. The worm gear and the worm are meshed and connected for transmission. The drilling servo is fixedly mounted on one end of the outer wall of the power frame, and the output end of the drilling servo is fixedly mounted at the center of one end of the outer wall of the worm. The output end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly mounted on both ends of the outer wall of the lifting frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the leveling and fertilizing assembly includes a mounting frame, a storage cylinder, a limiting rod, a leveling plate, and a release nozzle. The storage cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both ends of the mounting frame. The limiting rod is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the storage cylinder. The leveling plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting rod. The release nozzle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the leveling plate.

[0015] Furthermore, two storage boxes are embedded in the outer wall of the equipment rack, and two buckles are snapped on both sides of the outer wall of the equipment rack, with the two buckles matching the storage boxes. A power housing is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack, and a traction frame is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack.

[0016] Furthermore, a protective shell is fitted on the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate, the power frame is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell, a feeding cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame by a bracket, and a spiral rod is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the feeding cylinder. The input end of the feeding cylinder is connected to the output end of one of the storage boxes through a hose, and the output end of the feeding cylinder is connected to the punch through a hose. A feeding servo and a gearbox are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame by a bracket. The output end of the feeding servo is fixedly installed at the input end of the gearbox, and the output end of the gearbox is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of one end of the spiral rod through a rotating shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, limit frames are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate, and the lifting cylinder is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the limit frame.

[0018] A method of using an organic fertilizer application device, applied to any one of the organic fertilizer application devices described above, includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Connect the equipment frame to the external traction equipment via the traction frame, and add solid granular organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer to the two storage boxes respectively;

[0020] S2. The traction equipment drives the device forward, the traveling wheels roll, the crushing component is started, the swing arm adjusts the angle under the drive of the angle cylinder, so that the crushing wheel contacts and crushes the surface soil, turning over the roots of weeds, and at the same time the flame burns the roots of weeds.

[0021] S3. Start the deep fertilization component. The lifting cylinder drives the lifting frame and the hole punch to descend. The hole punching servo drives the hole punch to rotate through the worm and worm wheel to punch deep holes in the soil. At the same time, the feeding servo drives the screw rod to rotate through the gearbox to transport the solid granular organic fertilizer in the storage box to the hole punch through the feeding cylinder and put it into the deep hole through its feeding hole.

[0022] S4. Start the leveling and fertilization component. The limit rod drives the leveling plate to descend and contact the ground. As the device moves, it flattens the soil surface treated in steps S2 and S3. At the same time, liquid organic fertilizer is transported from the storage tank to the release nozzle through the pipeline and is evenly sprayed onto the surface soil during the leveling process.

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention integrates a walking wheel and three major functional components into the equipment frame, achieving efficient and scientific integrated fertilization operations. The crushing component crushes the topsoil, uncovers the roots of weeds, and burns them with flame, effectively improving soil permeability and achieving physical weed control, solving the problems of soil compaction and weed regeneration. The deep fertilization component buries solid granular organic fertilizer deep in the soil, allowing the fertilizer to directly act on the deep root zone of the crops, avoiding the problems of fertilizer volatilization and loss caused by surface fertilization. The leveling fertilization component levels the soil and simultaneously sprays liquid organic fertilizer onto the topsoil, providing the topsoil with readily available nutrients to meet the nutritional needs of crops in the early stages of growth. The walking wheels, which rotate and are inserted on both sides of the outer wall of the equipment frame, enable the device to move freely, allowing the entire operation to proceed continuously as the traction equipment moves. This integrated design combines soil pulverization, weed eradication, deep fertilization, and surface spraying for remediation into one process. The entire operation can be completed in a single traction movement, significantly improving efficiency. It combines deep drilling and burying of solid fertilizer with surface spraying of liquid fertilizer to effectively promote root growth and improve nutrient utilization. At the same time, by utilizing the synergistic effect of soil pulverization and burning with flames, it achieves efficient one-time completion of soil treatment, precise stratified fertilization, and surface remediation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the punching device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the angle plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the worm gear of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the screw rod of the present invention.

[0029] The diagram shows the following components: 1. Equipment frame; 2. Storage box; 3. Angle plate; 4. Mounting plate; 5. Protective shell; 6. Mounting bracket; 7. Storage cylinder; 8. Limiting rod; 9. Flat plate; 10. Lifting frame; 11. Drill; 12. Feed cylinder; 13. Flamethrower; 14. Crushing wheel; 15. Feeding servo; 16. Gearbox; 17. Limiting frame; 18. Shaft seat; 19. Worm gear; 20. Worm; 21. Power frame; 22. Lifting cylinder; 23. Helical rod; 24. Drilling servo; 101. Power shell; 102. Traction frame; 103. Buckle; 104. Traveling wheel; 105. Angle cylinder; 106. Swing rod; 301. Auxiliary groove; 901. Release nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] Traditional organic fertilizer application methods, such as manual spreading, shallow furrow application, or rotary tillage, suffer from several drawbacks. These include fragmented operations, frequent repeated machinery entry into the field, easy volatilization and loss of surface fertilizer, insufficient supply of deep nutrients, reliance on herbicides for weed control, and damage to soil aggregate structure from repeated compaction and turning. For example, a single rotary tiller can only loosen the soil and kill weeds but cannot simultaneously apply fertilizer; a trenching fertilizer applicator can achieve deep burial but cannot address surface weed roots; a sprayer can apply liquid fertilizer but lacks land preparation capabilities; and flame weed control equipment operates independently and cannot be coupled with the fertilization process. These fragmented operations result in low overall efficiency, fertilizer nitrogen loss rates often exceeding 30%, high weed recurrence rates, and a continuous decline in soil aeration and water retention.

[0033] This application raises the following points:

[0034] An organic fertilizer application device includes:

[0035] Equipment frame 1, with rotatable wheels 104 inserted into both sides of the outer wall of equipment frame 1;

[0036] The crushing component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame 1. The crushing component is used to crush the topsoil, turn over the roots of weeds and burn them with flame.

[0037] The deep fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame 1. The deep fertilization component buries solid granular organic fertilizer in the deep soil layer.

[0038] The leveling and fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame 1. The leveling and fertilization component is used to level the soil and spray liquid organic fertilizer onto the surface soil at the same time.

[0039] This embodiment provides an integrated organic fertilizer application device. Using the equipment frame 1 as a rigid support platform, it highly coordinates and integrates five functional modules—walking, surface pretreatment, deep solid fertilizer burial, surface liquid fertilizer application, and surface shaping—in terms of spatial layout and operation sequence, forming a continuous closed-loop operation flow of "moving forward—breaking soil and removing weeds—drilling holes for deep application—flattening and spraying liquid". The walking wheels 104 provide the foundation for the device's traction and movement. They are rotatably inserted on both sides of the equipment frame 1 to ensure stability and obstacle-crossing adaptability. The crushing component performs the dual tasks of surface physical disturbance and thermal inactivation, exposing weed roots through mechanical action and denaturing root tissue proteins with controlled flames to avoid chemical residues. The deep fertilization component breaks through the limitations of traditional surface application, forming stable channels in the 15-30cm tillage layer through rotary drilling, creating an anaerobic slow-release microenvironment for solid granular organic fertilizer. The leveling fertilization component simultaneously completes physical leveling and liquid nutrient coverage in the final stage, taking into account both soil surface structure repair and fast-acting nutrient supply. This structural design does not rely on an external power subsystem; all functional modules are driven by the same traction power source, achieving motion coupling through a mechanical-pneumatic-servo composite transmission path.

[0040] The equipment frame 1 is the main load-bearing skeleton of the entire device. It is welded from Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel with an inverted U-shaped cross section and symmetrical reinforcing ribs at both ends. The outer wall has coaxial through holes on both sides. The traveling wheels 104 are inserted into the through holes through rolling bearings. The wheel diameter is 500 mm and the tread has transverse anti-slip patterns, which are suitable for various soil types such as clay, loam and sandy loam. This structure can also be replaced with an integrated die-cast part made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, which reduces the weight by 28% while ensuring rigidity, and is suitable for lightweight operation scenarios in small hilly areas.

[0041] The crushing component is located on the outer wall of the front section of the equipment frame 1. Its core function is to achieve directional crushing of the topsoil (0–8 cm), root retraction, and instantaneous heat extinguishing. This component does not contain an independent power source. Its action response is driven by the angle cylinder 105 to drive the swing rod 106 to produce a positional change, which in turn drives the pulverizing wheel 14 to cut into the soil. The pulverizing wheel 14 is a cylindrical roller structure with 12 sets of detachable manganese steel blades evenly distributed on its outer circumference. The blades are 25 mm high and have a cutting angle of 35°. They are connected by a key and rotate coaxially with the swing rod 106. The flamethrower 13 is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the equipment frame 1, located 300 mm behind the pulverizing wheel 14. It adopts a propane-air premixed combustion structure with a flame temperature range of 800–1100 ℃. The nozzle is slit-shaped (3 mm wide × 120 mm long) to ensure that the heat flow is concentrated and covers the root area of ​​the weeds. This component can also be replaced with an electrothermal radiation weed control unit, which is to set a quartz infrared heating tube array (wavelength 2.5–4.0 μm) behind the pulverizing wheel 14 to achieve selective thermal damage to the root tissue through infrared penetration and avoid the safety risks of open flame.

[0042] The deep fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the middle section of the equipment frame 1, behind the crushing component and in front of the leveling fertilization component. Its spatial arrangement satisfies the process logic chain of "breaking soil - forming holes - filling fertilizer - covering soil". The component achieves adaptive pitch adjustment through the angle plate 3, ensuring that the drill 11 remains vertically inserted into the soil even when operating on slopes. The mounting plate 4 slides along the auxiliary groove 301 to compensate for fluctuations in drilling depth caused by ground undulations. The lifting frame 10 and the drill 11 form a two-stage telescopic structure to ensure that the drill 11 maintains axial rigidity during descent. The drill 11 is a hollow spiral drill rod structure with an outer diameter of 60 mm and a pitch of 120 mm. The inner cavity is through to form a feeding hole, and its top end is inserted into the bearing seat 18 through a sliding fit to achieve decoupling of rotational motion and axial feed. This component can also be replaced with an impact-type drilling structure, which uses a pneumatic impact hammer to drive a conical punch to reciprocate into the soil, and cooperates with a side-grooved fertilizer inlet to complete the application of solid fertilizer. It is suitable for hard soil with a gravel content >15%.

[0043] The leveling and fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the rear section of the equipment frame 1, forming a front-to-back functional connection with the deep fertilization component. The leveling plate 9 is an arc-shaped steel plate (curvature radius 800 mm), with the bottom edge hardened to a hardness of HRC52–56. It can scrape off attached soil clods and slightly compact the surface during the leveling process. The release nozzle 901 is a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle installed at the front end of the bottom of the leveling plate 9, with a spray angle of 110° and a working pressure of 0.3–0.6 MPa, ensuring that the liquid organic fertilizer forms a uniform covering film at a travel speed of 1.2–2.5 km / h. The receiving cylinder 7 and the limiting rod 8 form an elastic limiting mechanism, which uses spring preload to keep the leveling plate 9 in contact with the undulations of the ground, avoiding suspended spraying. This component can also be replaced by a roller-type leveling structure, that is, a rubber-coated roller replaces the leveling plate 9. The roller body is hollow and connected to the liquid supply pipeline. The roller surface is evenly distributed with micropores, realizing the simultaneous rolling leveling and drip irrigation liquid fertilizer application.

[0044] The axial arrangement of each component on the equipment frame 1 strictly corresponds to the agronomic process: the walking wheels 104 support the machine to move forward; the crushing component is placed in front to clear obstacles in the working path; the deep fertilization component is in the center to perform the core solid fertilizer deep application; the leveling fertilization component is placed behind to complete the final shaping and liquid fertilizer replenishment; this spatial sequence ensures the orderly reconstruction of soil disturbance from the surface to the inside and then from the inside to the surface, avoiding mutual interference between different processes. The rotational insertion of the angle plate 3, the sliding embedding of the mounting plate 4 in the auxiliary groove 301, the sliding insertion of the lifting frame 10 on the mounting plate 4, the rotational insertion of the drill 11 in the lifting frame 10, and the sliding embedding of the top end in the bearing seat 18 together constitute a multi-degree-of-freedom adaptive adjustment chain, enabling the drill 11 to maintain the accuracy of the set soil insertion angle and depth even in complex terrain. The positional relationship of the crushing wheel 14 sleeved on the swing rod 106, the flamethrower 13 fixed to the bottom of the equipment frame 1, and the release nozzle 901 fixed to the bottom of the flat plate 9 ensures that the various functional actions are precisely matched in the time dimension—the flame extinguishing is completed within 0.8–1.2 s after crushing and turning the soil, the drilling action is started 30–50 cm behind the soil turning area, and the flat spraying is launched 20–30 cm behind the drilling area.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the following: when the traction equipment drives the device to move forward at a constant speed, the traveling wheel 104 rolls to provide continuous displacement; the crushing component first mechanically crushes the ground surface, forcibly lifting and exposing the roots and stems of perennial weeds, and then the flamethrower 13 applies instantaneous high-temperature burning to the exposed roots, causing their vascular bundles to break and become inactive; the deep fertilization component vertically drills holes in the loosened soil area to form stable channels with a diameter of 60 mm and a depth of 200 mm, and simultaneously injects solid granular organic fertilizer into the bottom of the hole through the feeding hole; the leveling fertilization component then scrapes and shapes the aforementioned working zone to eliminate the bulge at the hole opening and the accumulation of broken soil, while uniformly covering the leveled ground surface in an atomized form with liquid organic fertilizer. Because the equipment frame 1 integrates four major functional modules and is spatially arranged according to agronomic logic, it solves the technical problems of fragmented processes, repeated fieldwork, and the disconnect between weed control and fertilization in traditional operations. Because the pulverizing component simultaneously performs soil crushing, root uprooting, and flame scorching, it avoids the use of chemical herbicides and their ecological risks. Because the deep fertilization component constructs closed fertilizer pits through rotary drilling, it significantly reduces nitrogen and ammonia volatilization and rainwater leaching. Because the leveling fertilization component simultaneously sprays liquid fertilizer during the leveling process, it allows readily available nutrients to directly contact the surface soil microbial community, accelerating mineralization and transformation. Thus, it completes the entire process of physical weeding, deep application of solid fertilizer, surface application of liquid fertilizer, and surface remediation in one go, improving the efficiency per unit area, increasing the comprehensive utilization rate of organic fertilizer, and improving the structural stability of the topsoil.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0048] The crushing assembly includes a swing rod 106, a flamethrower 13, and a crushing wheel 14. The swing rod 106 is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the equipment frame 1, and the crushing wheel 14 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the swing rod 106. The flamethrower 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the equipment frame 1 by a bracket. An angle cylinder 105 is rotatably inserted into one side of the outer wall of the equipment frame 1, and the output end of the angle cylinder 105 is rotatably inserted into the opening of the outer wall of the swing rod 106.

[0049] The swing rod 106 is a hollow cylindrical metal rod made of Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel with an outer diameter of Φ32mm and a length of 480mm. Its two ends are rotatably inserted into the pre-set shaft holes on the side wall of the equipment frame 1 through deep groove ball bearings with sealing rings, forming a hinged fulcrum that can swing back and forth around the horizontal axis. This structure enables the swing rod 106 to have sufficient bending stiffness to bear the soil reaction force of the crushing wheel 14, and to achieve stable pitch adjustment within a range of ±15°. This angle range covers the adaptation requirements of typical farmland surface soil hardness (5–25 MPa) and weed root distribution depth (30–120 mm). The pulverizing wheel 14 is a spoked cast iron wheel with eight trapezoidal cross-section teeth evenly distributed on its rim. The teeth are 25 mm high and have a cutting angle of 35°. Its hub is heat-fitted into the outer wall of the swing arm 106 with an interference fit. It pitches synchronously with the swing arm and rotates independently around its own axis. This fitting relationship ensures that the angle at which the pulverizing wheel 14 cuts into the soil is always consistent with the current posture of the swing arm 106, thus maintaining a constant cutting angle and pulverizing efficiency under different pitch states. The flamethrower 13 is a piezoelectric propane burner with a rated thermal power of 45 kW. The center line of its combustion nozzle is fixed at a height of 180 mm above the ground and is rigidly suspended below the bottom crossbeam of the equipment frame 1 by an L-shaped stainless steel bracket. This fixed layout ensures that the effective flame coverage area is always located 30–60 mm behind the soil turning trajectory of the pulverizing wheel 14. Regardless of the angle of the swing arm 106, the roots of the turned-out weeds can instantly enter the high-temperature flame core zone (≥800 ℃), achieving spatiotemporal coupling of physical exposure and thermal inactivation. The angle cylinder 105 is a double-acting single-piston rod hydraulic cylinder with a stroke of 120 mm and a rated working pressure of 16 MPa. Its cylinder body lugs are hinged to the side wall support of the equipment frame 1 via pins, and the piston rod lugs are hinged to the U-shaped fork on the side of the swing rod 106 via pins. These two hinges constitute a simplified form of a typical crank-slider mechanism, which accurately converts the linear displacement of the cylinder into the angular displacement of the swing rod 106. The transmission ratio is approximately 1:7.5, and it has self-locking characteristics and resistance to impact loads.

[0050] The spatial configuration and power logic of each component form a closed-loop coordination: the extension and retraction of the angle cylinder 105 directly drives the swing rod 106 to deflect around its rotation axis on the equipment frame 1, thereby driving the overall lifting and tilting of the crushing wheel 14; the crushing wheel 14 is fitted onto the swing rod 106 rather than being installed independently, so that its rotation axis is always coaxial with the swing rod 106, avoiding motion interference introduced by the additional rotating pair; the fixed position of the flamethrower 13 and the maximum soil turning and throwing distance of the crushing wheel 14 are matched by geometric modeling to ensure that the time difference between the weed roots being turned over and entering the flame zone is ≤0.3 s; the angle cylinder 105 and the flamethrower 13 are both triggered by the same vehicle-mounted PLC controller according to a preset timing sequence. When the rotation speed of the traveling wheel 104 is detected to reach 0.8 m / s, the angle cylinder 105 is started to adjust its posture and the flamethrower 13 is ignited simultaneously, eliminating the burning blind zone caused by control delay.

[0051] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the following: During the uniform movement of the traction equipment, the angle cylinder 105 drives the swing rod 106 to dynamically adjust the pitch angle according to the preset program or real-time soil resistance feedback signal, so that the crushing wheel 14 can crush the surface soil and completely turn over the weed roots at a controllable soil penetration depth (40–100 mm adjustable); the turned-up roots fall naturally along the parabolic trajectory under the action of inertia towards the fixed hot field area in front of the flamethrower 13, and complete high-temperature carbonization within 0.2–0.4 s; since the position of the flamethrower 13 is constant and the movement trajectory of the crushing wheel 14 is controlled, the two form a continuous "turning-throwing-burning" link in space, which completely avoids the problems of timing misalignment, coverage omission and repetitive operation caused by the independent adjustment of the crushing and burning mechanisms in traditional devices. Therefore, it solves the technical problems of poor adjustability of the crushing component structure, inability to adapt to different soil types and weed densities, and incomplete weeding caused by asynchronous flame burning and crushing actions. It achieves the technical effect of precise and controllable crushing depth, strict synchronization of soil turning and burning actions, and weed root inactivation rate ≥99.2%.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0054] The deep fertilization assembly includes an angle plate 3, an auxiliary groove 301, a mounting plate 4, a lifting frame 10, a punch 11, a bearing seat 18, and a drive assembly. The angle plate 3 is rotatably inserted into the outer edge of the equipment frame 1. The auxiliary groove 301 is opened on the outer wall of the angle plate 3. The bearing seat 18 is embedded in the inner wall of the mounting plate 4. The mounting plate 4 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the auxiliary groove 301. The lifting frame 10 is slidably inserted into the opening on the outer wall of the mounting plate 4. The punch 11 is rotatably inserted into the opening on the inner wall of the lifting frame 10. The top end of the punch 11 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the bearing seat 18. The drive assembly is located on the outer wall of the punch 11. The inner wall of the punch 11 has a feeding hole.

[0055] This embodiment addresses common technical problems faced by deep fertilization components, such as insufficient structural stability, uncontrollable drilling depth and posture, susceptibility to soil back-squeezing blockage of fertilizer delivery channels, and asynchrony between drilling and fertilization actions leading to hole collapse, inaccurate fertilizer dosage, and discrete spatial distribution. It proposes a deep fertilization execution structure featuring multi-level guidance, nested constraints, and integrated built-in pathways. This structure provides a macroscopic tilt angle adjustment reference through an angle plate, an auxiliary groove and mounting plate forming a lateral limiting sliding pair, and a lifting frame and bearing working together to achieve dual constraints on vertical feed and rotation axis. The drill body integrates a feeding hole to form an integrated "drill-feed-fill" channel, thereby ensuring repeatability accuracy of deep fertilization actions, structural rigidity, and material delivery reliability during dynamic operations.

[0056] Angle plate 3 is an arc-shaped or right-angle bent metal plate. One end of it is rotatably inserted into the outer edge of the equipment frame 1 via a pin or slewing bearing, and the other end extends to the lower front of the equipment frame 1. Its function is to adjust the soil inclination angle of the deep fertilization component relative to the ground, so that the drill 11 can maintain an effective penetration posture in soils with different slopes or compaction levels. As an optional implementation, angle plate 3 can also be replaced with a fan-shaped plate with scale adjustment holes, which can be mechanically locked in a stepped manner by bolts and multiple sets of positioning holes preset on the equipment frame 1.

[0057] The auxiliary groove 301 is a T-shaped groove, dovetail groove, or rectangular through groove opened along the length of the outer wall of the angle plate 3. Its cross-sectional dimensions match the lateral flange of the mounting plate 4. Its function is to limit the mounting plate 4 to slide only along the length of the groove, which absorbs the lateral disturbance load and prevents the mounting plate 4 from twisting around its own axis, thereby converting the lateral component of the soil resistance into the positive support reaction force of the groove wall. As an optional implementation, the auxiliary groove 301 can also be replaced by two parallel guide rails and matching sliders. The guide rails are fixed to the outer wall of the angle plate 3, and the sliders are embedded in the corresponding positions of the mounting plate 4, which also realizes single-degree-of-freedom sliding guidance.

[0058] Mounting plate 4 is a rectangular or I-shaped steel plate with a bearing seat 18 embedded in its inner wall and a sliding flange adapted to the auxiliary groove 301 on its outer wall. A vertical opening is opened at the top for the lifting frame 10 to pass through. Its function is to serve as the core load-bearing platform of the deep fertilization component. On the one hand, it bears the entire weight and working load of the lifting frame 10, the drill 11 and the drive component. On the other hand, by slidingly embedding itself in the auxiliary groove 301, it converts the tilt angle adjustment of the angle plate 3 into the spatial posture adjustment of the mounting plate 4, while dispersing the soil reaction force. As an optional implementation, mounting plate 4 can be made of aluminum alloy to reduce its weight, or wear-resistant lining plates can be added to its bottom surface to extend its service life in sandy soil.

[0059] The lifting frame 10 is a hollow square tube or double column support structure. Its two ends are slidably inserted into the opening of the outer wall of the mounting plate 4 through linear bearings or sliding sleeves, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the housing flange of the punch 11. Its function is to provide precise vertical guidance for the punch 11, ensuring that it descends stably under the drive of the lifting cylinder 22, and avoiding shaking or jamming caused by off-center load. As an optional implementation, the lifting frame 10 can also be replaced with a ball screw module, which is driven by a servo motor to achieve millimeter-level stroke control and improve the digital setting capability of the drilling depth.

[0060] The drill 11 is a cylindrical hollow drill with a spiral cutting edge or a conical soil-breaking head on its outer wall and a feeding hole through the inner wall along the axial direction. The top end is equipped with a smooth shaft section that fits with the inner hole of the shaft seat 18. Its function is to cut into the soil to form a deep hole under the drive of rotation, and at the same time, it serves as the end channel for fertilizer delivery, so that solid granular organic fertilizer is injected into the bottom of the hole simultaneously during the drilling process. As an optional implementation, the drill 11 can also adopt a split structure: the outer cylinder is responsible for breaking the soil and forming holes, and the inner core is a replaceable feeding tube. The two are connected by a keyway or spline, which makes it easy to change the feeding channel with a suitable inner diameter for fertilizers of different particle sizes.

[0061] The bearing seat 18 is a metal housing with a deep groove ball bearing or angular contact bearing, which is embedded in the inner wall of the mounting plate 4. Its inner hole forms a sliding fit with the optical shaft section at the top of the punch 11. Its function is to constrain the spatial position of the rotation axis of the punch 11, prevent the top of the punch from wobbling during high-speed rotation, and allow the punch 11 to float slightly under axial pressure to adapt to changes in soil hardness. As an optional implementation, the bearing seat 18 can also be replaced with an elastic support structure, such as a floating bearing seat with a built-in disc spring assembly, to further absorb impact loads and maintain rotational coaxiality.

[0062] The drive assembly is located on the outer wall of the punch 11 to provide rotational power; its arrangement must avoid the axis area of ​​the feeding hole to ensure that it does not interfere with the fertilizer flow channel; as an optional implementation, in addition to the worm gear structure, the drive assembly can also be a direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor directly coupled to the outer wall of the punch 11, or a pneumatic motor driven by belt transmission, all of which fall within the scope of the technical solutions covered in this embodiment.

[0063] The feeding hole is a circular or oblong through-hole that penetrates the side wall of the punch 11 and connects to its inner cavity. The diameter of the hole ranges from Φ6mm to Φ15mm, and the angle between its axis and the central axis of the punch 11 is 0° to 15°. It can be set vertically. Its function is to guide the solid granular organic fertilizer from the feeding cylinder 12 into the internal cavity of the punch 11, and let it fall into the newly formed bottom of the hole synchronously with the rotation and downward action of the drill, so as to avoid the fertilizer from accumulating at the hole opening or being buried by the back soil. As an optional implementation, the feeding hole can also be designed as multiple sets of circumferentially distributed inclined holes, or combined with the internal spiral guide groove to enhance the directional conveying capacity of the fertilizer under the action of centrifugal force.

[0064] There are clear assembly levels and motion constraints among the above components: the angle plate 3 is the first-level adjustment reference, and its rotation causes the auxiliary groove 301 to deflect as a whole; the mounting plate 4 slides along the auxiliary groove 301 to achieve the second-level lateral adaptive adjustment; the lifting frame 10 rises and falls vertically within the opening of the mounting plate 4, driving the punch 11 to feed as a whole; the top of the punch 11 is radially constrained by the bearing seat 18 and the bottom is supported by the soil reaction force, forming a three-point stable support; the drive component drives it to rotate around its own axis, and the feeding hole seamlessly connects the external fertilizer supply path into the interior of the rotating body.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the following: During the movement of the traction device, after the angle plate 3 is pre-set to the soil inclination angle, the mounting plate 4 is finely adjusted along the auxiliary groove 301 to balance the lateral force. Under the action of the lifting cylinder 22, the lifting frame 10 pushes the drill 11 vertically downward. The shaft seat 18 constrains its top rotation axis in real time. After the drive component is started, the drill 11 rotates and drills while the solid granular organic fertilizer is continuously injected into the bottom of the forming deep hole through the feeding hole. Because the angle plate 3 and the auxiliary groove 301 together form an anti-overturning triangular support, the mounting plate 4 slides to release lateral stress, and the lifting frame 10 and the shaft seat 18 form a bidirectional guiding constraint, the rotational stability of the drill 11 is significantly improved, and the risk of hole wall collapse is reduced. Furthermore, because the feeding hole is directly opened in the inner cavity of the drill 11, the fertilizer fills the bottom of the hole instantly during drilling, avoiding the fertilizer falling into the loosened hole wall due to lag in the traditional external conduit structure, thus ensuring the spatial consistency and dosage accuracy of deep fertilization.

[0066] Example 4:

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0068] The drive assembly includes a worm gear 19, a worm 20, a power frame 21, a lifting cylinder 22, and a drilling servo 24. The worm gear 19 is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the drill 11. The worm 20 is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the power frame 21. The worm gear 19 and the worm 20 are meshed and connected. The drilling servo 24 is fixedly installed on one end of the outer wall of the power frame 21. The output end of the drilling servo 24 is fixedly installed at the center of one end of the outer wall of the worm 20. The output end of the lifting cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on both ends of the outer wall of the lifting frame 10.

[0069] The drive assembly is the core actuator in the deep fertilization assembly that decouples the rotary motion and vertical feed motion of the drill. It provides high starting torque, strong self-locking, and millimeter-level depth adjustment capability through a combination of worm gear reduction and torque amplification and servo precision drive. The drilling servo 24 outputs continuously adjustable speed and precise start / stop signals, which are transmitted to the drill 11 through the meshing of the worm gear 20 and worm wheel 19, realizing low-speed, high-torque rotary drilling. The lifting cylinder 22 acts independently at both ends of the lifting frame 10 to ensure that the drill 11 moves smoothly and synchronously downward or retracts in the vertical direction, avoiding drilling tilting or jamming caused by unilateral load. The power frame 21 serves as a rigid support carrier for the worm gear 20 and also functions as the mounting base for the drilling servo 24. By sliding and embedding itself in the inner wall of the protective shell 5, it is compatible with long-term stable operation in thermal deformation and dusty environments.

[0070] The worm gear 19 is an involute cylindrical worm gear with a module of 2.5, a pressure angle of 20°, and 40 teeth. It is integrally cast from ZCuSn10P1 tin bronze and surface hardened. The inner hole of its hub is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the top of the drill 11 and positioned with a stop to ensure that there is no circumferential slippage in torque transmission. This structure can be replaced with a double-lead worm gear with a module of 3.0 and 32 teeth, or an envelope worm pair can be used to replace the ordinary cylindrical worm pair to improve the contact ratio and load-bearing capacity. The worm gear 19 is directly fixed to the outer wall of the top of the drill 11, so that the rotational power input point is close to the working part, which significantly shortens the transmission chain, reduces axial movement, and improves the coaxiality of drilling and the surface finish of the hole.

[0071] The worm 20 is an Archimedean spiral single-start worm, made of 20CrMnTi carburized and quenched steel with a surface hardness of HRC58–62. Its axial ends are supported in the corresponding bearing seats of the power frame 21 by deep groove ball bearings, and one end extends out of the side wall of the power frame 21 and is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the drilling servo 24. This arrangement allows the worm 20 to only bear pure torsion and small radial force, extending the bearing life. The worm 20 can also be replaced with a ball worm structure to reduce friction loss and improve response speed. Its meshing backlash with the worm wheel 19 is controlled within the range of 0.08–0.12 mm, which ensures smooth transmission and maintains effective self-locking. When the drilling servo 24 is powered off, the worm wheel 19 cannot drive the worm 20 in reverse, thereby locking the current drilling depth and rotation angle of the drill 11 and preventing the soil reaction force from causing rebound or settlement.

[0072] The power frame 21 is a U-shaped frame structure formed by bending and welding Q235B steel plate. Its opening faces the side of the puncher 11. Bearing mounting holes and punching servo 24 mounting flange holes are symmetrically opened on the two side uprights. The bottom is equipped with a guide slider, which slides in cooperation with the T-shaped guide groove on the inner wall of the protective shell 5, allowing axial thermal expansion and contraction displacement within a range of ±0.3mm, while preventing external dust from entering the worm bearing area. The power frame 21 can also be made of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 to reduce weight, or a one-piece cast aluminum shell can be used to enhance rigidity and heat dissipation performance. This structure does not participate in power output, but only serves as a load-bearing and guiding reference. Its sliding embedding relationship ensures that the axis of the worm 20 is always parallel to the rotation axis of the puncher 11, avoiding meshing off-center load caused by assembly errors or deformation.

[0073] The drilling servo 24 is a permanent magnet synchronous servo motor with a rated power of 750W, a rated torque of 2.3N·m, and an encoder resolution of 17bit. Its housing is fixed to the end flange of the power frame 21 by bolts, and the output shaft is connected to the end keyway of the worm gear 20 via a flexible coupling. This configuration supports stepless speed regulation of 0–150rpm and position control accuracy of ±0.1°, adapting to the optimal drilling parameters under different soil densities. The drilling servo 24 can also be replaced by a stepper motor + high-precision reducer combination, or a servo motor with a holding brake function to enhance the power-off holding force. The rigid connection path between its output end and the worm gear 20 is short and has high rigidity, suppressing the transmission of high-frequency vibration and ensuring the smooth rotation of the worm gear 20.

[0074] The lifting cylinder 22 is a double-acting single-piston rod cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 63mm, a stroke of 200mm, and a rated pressure of 0.7MPa. The end of its piston rod is connected to the lugs at both ends of the lifting frame 10 via a hinged lug, and the tail of the cylinder is fixed to the top of the limit frame 17 via a floating joint. This arrangement allows the lifting cylinder 22 to only bear axial pushing and pulling forces, avoiding lateral bending moments. The two lifting cylinders 22 operate synchronously, controlled by the same air source pipeline and proportional pressure regulating valve, to achieve a displacement difference of ≤0.15mm between the two ends of the lifting frame 10, ensuring the vertical posture of the drill 11. The lifting cylinder 22 can also be replaced by an electric push rod (such as a ball screw linear motor) or a hydraulic cylinder to increase the thrust density. Its output end is fixed to the outer wall at both ends of the lifting frame 10, forming a symmetrical constraint, so that the lifting frame 10 does not twist or warp during the lifting process, ensuring that the axis of the drill 11 remains perpendicular to the soil vertical surface.

[0075] The components work together as follows: After the drilling servo 24 is started, it drives the worm gear 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 19 and the drill 11 fixed to it to rotate at a low speed through meshing transmission; at the same time, the lifting cylinder 22 extends synchronously, pushing the lifting frame 10 and the drill 11 to move down at a uniform speed; since the worm wheel 19 and the drill 11 are rigidly fixed, while the lifting frame 10 and the drill 11 are rotatably inserted, their motion freedom is completely decoupled - the rotational motion is completed independently by the worm gear pair, and the feed motion is completed independently by the lifting cylinder 22; the power frame 21 slides inside the protective shell 5, which not only provides stable support for the worm gear 20, but also absorbs thermal deformation and vibration, ensuring meshing accuracy; this layout allows the drill 11 to achieve a constant feed rate (such as 15mm / s) while rotating, and can also adjust the depth independently when the rotation stops, or drill first and then stop the rotation before adding fertilizer, significantly enhancing the process flexibility.

[0076] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves the following: In deep fertilization operations, the drill 11 can stably drill into dense soil at low speed and high torque to form regular deep holes; the lifting cylinder 22 can independently and synchronously drive the lifting frame 10 to achieve millimeter-level precise setting and repeatable positioning of the drilling depth; the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear pair can lock the spatial posture of the drill 11 at the moment of stopping to prevent soil rebound from disturbing the hole shape; the closed-loop control capability of the drilling servo 24 ensures that the speed and start / stop response time are ≤30ms, which is suitable for the intermittent drilling requirements under fast-moving conditions; the sliding embedded structure of the power frame 21 takes into account both protection and adaptability, and extends the service life of the transmission system. Because the worm gear 19 is directly fixed to the outer wall of the top of the drill 11, the rotational power transmission path is shortened, reducing energy loss and accumulated errors in the intermediate transmission links; because the worm 20 is directly driven by the drilling servo 24 and the meshing relationship is stable, the torque transmission efficiency and dynamic response consistency are improved; because the output end of the lifting cylinder 22 is symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of both ends of the lifting frame 10, the overturning torque caused by single-point drive is eliminated, ensuring the verticality of drilling and the repeatability of hole positions; therefore, it effectively solves the problems of insufficient drilling power, imprecise depth adjustment, difficulty in decoupling and controlling rotation and lifting actions, and high energy consumption or lag due to low transmission efficiency in deep fertilization.

[0077] Example 5:

[0078] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0079] The leveling and fertilizing assembly includes a mounting frame 6, a storage cylinder 7, a limiting rod 8, a leveling plate 9, and a release nozzle 901. The storage cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both ends of the mounting frame 6. The limiting rod 8 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the storage cylinder 7. The leveling plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting rod 8. The release nozzle 901 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the leveling plate 9.

[0080] This embodiment provides a leveling and fertilization component with force feedback adjustment capability and ground-level synergistic liquid application function. Its core lies in the sliding guide-elastic constraint composite structure formed by the storage cylinder and the limiting rod, which enables the leveling plate to adaptively respond to ground pressure. Simultaneously, the release nozzle is rigidly integrated into the bottom of the leveling plate, allowing for a high degree of coupling between the soil leveling action and the liquid organic fertilizer spraying in terms of spatial position and operational timing. This structure does not rely on external sensors or closed-loop control systems; it only relies on its mechanical configuration and basic physical constraints to meet the agronomical adaptation requirements under different terrain undulations, soil hardness, and operational speeds, balancing structural robustness and functional reliability.

[0081] The mounting frame 6 is a rigid support skeleton made of Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel. Its cross-section is a closed hollow rectangular tube with a "U" shape, and both ends are connected to the lateral flanges on the outer wall of the equipment frame 1 via bolts. Its function is to provide a stable mounting reference for subsequent components and to bear the dynamic loads experienced by the entire assembly during movement. As an optional implementation, the mounting frame 6 can also be replaced with 6061-T6 aluminum alloy profiles to reduce the overall weight; or a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) integral molding structure can be used to further reduce inertia while ensuring bending stiffness.

[0082] The receiving cylinder 7 is a hollow cylindrical guide cavity made of SUS304 stainless steel, with a mirror-polished inner wall (Ra≤0.2μm), an outer diameter of φ60mm, a wall thickness of 4mm, and an axial length of 180mm. Its two ends are welded to the mounting bracket 6 via radial reinforcing ribs, forming a double-point cantilever support. Inside the receiving cylinder 7 is a pre-compressed helical spring (wire diameter 2.5mm, mean diameter 32mm, effective coils 12, free height 120mm, spring stiffness k=85N / mm) and a matching guide sleeve, used to provide axial reset force and damping buffer for the limiting rod 8. As an optional implementation, the receiving cylinder 7 can be replaced with a pneumatic damping cylinder, with its piston rod top fixed to the limiting rod 8 and the cylinder body coaxially fixed to the receiving cylinder 7, controlling the return damping by adjusting the throttle valve; or a magnetorheological fluid damper can be used, achieving stepless stiffness adjustment under energized conditions.

[0083] The limiting rod 8 is a solid cylindrical force transmission rod made of No. 45 tempered steel with a diameter of φ50mm and a hard chrome plated surface (thickness ≥30μm). Its lower end is machined with an external thread M48×1.5 for threaded connection with the flat plate 9. It slides axially within the receiving cylinder 7 with a maximum stroke of ±45mm and a sliding fit tolerance of H7 / g6. The top of the limiting rod 8 has an annular boss that engages with a spring seat inside the receiving cylinder 7 to apply preload. As an optional implementation, the limiting rod 8 can be made of titanium alloy TC4 to improve corrosion resistance; or a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) embedded wear-resistant ring can be added to its surface to replace the plating and extend its service life under dry friction conditions.

[0084] The leveling plate 9 is an arc-shaped rigid scraper, mainly made of 16Mn steel plate by stamping. Its leading edge has a radius of curvature R=120mm, and its trailing edge is a straight section. The plate is 12mm thick and 450mm wide. The angle α between the working surface and the horizontal plane is adjustable from 8° to 12° (achieved by replacing connecting shims with different inclination angles). It is rigidly locked to the limiting rod 8 by a threaded lower end, forming a non-rotatable whole. During the device's forward movement, the leveling plate 9 directionally pushes the loose surface soil after crushing and drilling, eliminating local bulges and gullies, and restoring the continuity of the cultivated surface. As an optional implementation, the leveling plate 9 can be replaced with a rubber-metal composite structure: the matrix is ​​high-elasticity natural rubber (Shore hardness A65), with an embedded longitudinal steel frame, combining flexible ground contact and deformation resistance; or a modular segmented design can be adopted, with each segment floating independently to adapt to more severe surface undulations.

[0085] Among them, the release nozzle 901 is a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle, model TeeJet® 80015VS, with a rated working pressure of 0.2~0.4MPa, a spray angle of 80°, and a flow rate of 0.15L / min (@0.3MPa). The nozzle has a built-in vortex core and an anti-drip valve. It is vertically installed on the front end of the bottom of the flat plate 9 through an M10×1 thread. The spray direction is parallel to the working surface of the flat plate 9 and faces the ground. The initial height of the nozzle from the ground is 30±5mm. The nozzle input end is connected to the output pipeline of the storage tank 2 through a pressure-resistant silicone hose. The pipeline is equipped with a solenoid valve and a pressure regulator. As an optional implementation, the release nozzle 901 can be replaced with a multi-hole array micro-nozzle, consisting of 5 φ0.3mm stainless steel nozzles arranged in a straight line to achieve a more uniform linear wet mark; or an ultrasonic atomizing nozzle can be used to atomize the liquid organic fertilizer into micron-sized droplets with Dv50≤50μm, significantly reducing drift and improving leaf adhesion rate (when used as foliar topdressing).

[0086] The receiving cylinder 7 and the limiting rod 8 form a single-degree-of-freedom axial sliding pair, whose movement is constrained by the spring preload, soil reaction force, and device inertia. The leveling plate 9 moves synchronously with the limiting rod 8, always maintaining contact with the ground surface. The release nozzle 901 is rigidly connected to the bottom of the leveling plate 9, and its spray plane always maintains a constant distance and posture from the actual working surface. When the device passes through a hard section, the soil reaction force increases, pushing the limiting rod 8 upward to compress the spring, and the downward pressure of the leveling plate 9 automatically increases to ensure the leveling effect. When passing through a soft or concave section, the spring extends, the limiting rod 8 moves downward, and the downward pressure of the leveling plate 9 decreases to avoid over-compaction. During this process, the release nozzle 901 moves synchronously closer to or further away from the ground surface, but because of its extremely low installation height and wide spray angle, it can still maintain full coverage and moisture of the newly leveled soil surface.

[0087] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves the following: During the uniform forward movement of the traction device, the leveling plate 9, under the constraint of the passive force feedback mechanism composed of the storage cylinder 7 and the limiting rod 8, responds in real time to changes in surface morphology and soil mechanical properties, dynamically adjusts the positive pressure on the ground, and completes the controllable leveling of the loose topsoil after crushing and drilling; At the same time, the release nozzle 901 closely follows the working front edge of the leveling plate 9, and directly deposits liquid organic fertilizer onto the newly leveled soft soil surface with a constant low height and wide fan-shaped mist, avoiding wind erosion and evaporation by direct sunlight; Because the leveling action and the spraying action overlap in space and are synchronized in time, the liquid fertilizer can quickly infiltrate into the transient surface layer with the highest soil porosity and the strongest capillary action, thereby solving the technical problems of insufficient rigidity of the leveling and fertilization components leading to easy deformation, uneven distribution of liquid fertilizer due to the inability to adjust the spraying height, and secondary soil compaction or missed spraying due to uncontrollable leveling force, achieving the technical effects of pressure self-adaptation, high spraying deposition, and strong coupling of leveling and spraying.

[0088] Example 6:

[0089] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0090] Two storage boxes 2 are embedded in the outer wall of the equipment rack 1. Two buckles 103 are snapped on both sides of the outer wall of the equipment rack 1, and the two buckles 103 match the storage boxes 2. A power shell 101 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack 1, and a traction frame 102 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack 1.

[0091] This embodiment focuses on the auxiliary functional structure and human-machine interface of the equipment frame. Through physical isolation of the two storage boxes, snap-on quick-release locking, centralized encapsulation of the power unit, and a high-position central traction layout, it synergistically improves the overall integration, operational stability, and field maintenance efficiency. The two storage boxes 2 are used to hold solid granular organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer respectively. They are spatially independent, avoiding the risk of component interference or blockage due to leakage, volatilization, or pipeline crossing. The storage boxes 2 are installed in a pre-reserved rectangular groove on the outer wall of the equipment frame 1 using an embedded method. Their side walls have positioning flanges that match the edge contour of the equipment frame 1, ensuring no axial offset or radial wobbling after installation. The snap-on 103 is a flexible metal sheet structure, with one end hinged to the side of the outer wall of the equipment frame 1 via a pin, and the other end having a guide tongue with a beveled surface. When the storage box 2 is pushed into place, the guide tongue slides along the bevel into the corresponding slot on the side wall of the box and automatically springs back to lock. It can be pressed with one hand. The box can be unlocked and unloaded by snapping the buckle 103 at the rear, requiring no tools for loading and unloading. The power shell 101 is a fully enclosed cast aluminum shell, with its bottom rigidly connected to the top plane of the equipment frame 1 by four sets of countersunk bolts. It integrates the power module, main control circuit board, driver, pressure sensor and some wiring harness adapter terminals. All external interfaces are led out through IP67 waterproof aviation plugs, effectively isolating dust, water vapor and mechanical vibration interference in the agricultural machinery operation environment. The towing frame 102 is an inverted "U" shaped high-strength alloy steel component. Its two vertical support arms are symmetrically welded to both sides of the top center line of the equipment frame 1. The crossbeam section extends horizontally in the center. The center of the towing hole is located 150-200 mm above the center of gravity of the equipment frame 1, ensuring that the line of action of the external traction force basically passes through the center of rotational inertia of the whole machine, significantly suppressing the tendency of yaw around the vertical axis and steering lag during travel.

[0092] When all components work together, the storage tank 2 provides a foundation for the separate storage of solid and liquid fertilizers, the buckle 103 ensures reliable dwell time and rapid replacement capability under bumpy conditions, the power housing 101 encapsulates the control and execution units in a compact manner, reducing wiring complexity and potential failure points, and the traction frame 102 enhances the overall kinematic response characteristics of the machine through mechanical path optimization. The above structures together constitute the basic platform architecture for supporting continuous operation and simultaneous execution of multiple tasks.

[0093] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves the following: during the traction operation, the two storage boxes 2 stably contain organic fertilizers in different physical states, and the field fertilization operation time is shortened to less than 30 seconds with the help of the buckle 103; the power shell 101 protects the main control system from external pollution and impact, and extends the service life of the electronic unit; the traction frame 102, in conjunction with the wheelbase arrangement of the walking wheels 104, reduces the turning radius of the whole machine by 12%–18% at the normal operating speed of 0.8–1.2 m / s, which is especially suitable for straight ridge planting scenarios with a length ≥300 m. Because the dual storage boxes 2 are embedded in the outer wall of the equipment frame 1 and are symmetrically positioned, the lateral center of gravity of the whole machine is more evenly distributed. With the rigid limit of the buckle 103 and the concentrated mass of the top of the power shell 101, the risk of the equipment frame 1 tilting and overturning on soft soil is reduced. Because the traction frame 102 is rigidly connected to the top center of the equipment frame 1, the traction force is directly transmitted to the main load-bearing frame, avoiding the torsional load caused by traditional side-mounted traction. This solves the problems of inconvenient storage of organic fertilizer, difficulty in replacement, unstable center of gravity of the equipment, and lack of power and traction interfaces, which lead to low integration and complicated operation of the whole machine.

[0094] Example 7:

[0095] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0096] A protective shell 5 is fitted on the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate 4. The power frame 21 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell 5. A feeding cylinder 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame 1 by a bracket. A screw rod 23 is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the feeding cylinder 12. The input end of the feeding cylinder 12 is connected to the output end of one of the storage boxes 2 through a hose. The output end of the feeding cylinder 12 is connected to the punch 11 through a hose. A feeding servo 15 and a gearbox 16 are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame 1 by a bracket. The output end of the feeding servo 15 is fixedly installed at the input end of the gearbox 16. The output end of the gearbox 16 is fixedly installed at the center of the outer wall of one end of the screw rod 23 through a rotating shaft.

[0097] This embodiment focuses on a stable, controllable, and clog-resistant conveying subsystem for solid organic fertilizer in a deep fertilization assembly. It constructs a fully enclosed, adjustable-speed, and protected closed-loop feeding path consisting of a "feeding servo—gearbox—screw—feeding cylinder—hose—drilling hole." This path aims to precisely match the drilling depth with the travel speed, achieving dynamic response in fertilizer discharge per unit time through electromechanical coordination. Simultaneously, structural protection enhances the reliability and lifespan of key transmission components in dusty and humid field environments.

[0098] The protective shell 5 fitted on the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate 4 refers to the protective shell 5 being a hollow box-shaped or dome-shaped structure, with its opening side snapping down to cover the top area of ​​the mounting plate 4. It is made of stainless steel or engineering plastic (such as polycarbonate PC) and has an IP54 or higher dustproof and waterproof rating. The inner cavity contour of the protective shell 5 is adapted to the outer dimensions of the power frame 21, leaving a sliding gap of 0.5 to 2 mm, which not only ensures that the power frame 21 slides smoothly along the axial direction, but also effectively prevents soil dust, water vapor and fertilizer debris from entering. As an optional implementation, the protective shell 5 can also be designed as a split quick-release structure, with the left and right halves of the shell connected by buckles or screws, which facilitates regular cleaning of the worm gear 19, worm 20 and the surface of the power frame 21.

[0099] The sliding embedding of the power frame 21 into the inner wall of the protective shell 5 refers to the fact that the power frame 21 is a rigid metal frame structure with guide bosses or linear sliders on both sides, which form a sliding fit pair with the guide grooves or slide rails corresponding to the inner wall of the protective shell 5. This sliding embedding relationship ensures that the power frame 21 moves smoothly only in the vertical direction under the drive of the lifting cylinder 22, without deflection or shaking, thereby maintaining the constant contact pressure and centering accuracy of the meshing surface of the worm 20 and the worm wheel 19. As an optional implementation, a self-lubricating polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) gasket can also be added between the power frame 21 and the protective shell 5 to reduce the sliding friction coefficient and reduce wear accumulation after long-term use.

[0100] The feed cylinder 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame 1 by a bracket. The feed cylinder 12 is a cylindrical or square tube-shaped closed cavity with its axis arranged horizontally and an inlet and an outlet at both ends. The bracket is an L-shaped or U-shaped metal support. The feed cylinder 12 is rigidly fixed to the top inner wall of the equipment frame 1 by bolts to ensure that the vibration of the whole machine does not cause relative displacement of the feed cylinder 12. As an optional implementation, the cylinder body of the feed cylinder 12 can adopt a double-layer jacket structure. The jacket is circulated with room temperature air for passive heat dissipation to prevent the organic fertilizer from clumping due to local temperature rise.

[0101] The inner wall of the feeding cylinder 12 is rotatably embedded with a spiral rod 23, which means that the spiral rod 23 is an equidistant or variable pitch threaded shaft, and its threaded section covers the effective volume of the feeding cylinder 12. The material is 304 stainless steel or surface nitrided alloy steel, the thread helix angle is 15°~25°, and the thread pitch is 30~60mm. The two ends of the spiral rod 23 are rotatably supported in the end cap of the feeding cylinder 12 by rolling bearings (such as deep groove ball bearings) to achieve low resistance rotation. As an optional embodiment, the threaded surface of the spiral rod 23 can be coated with a hydrophobic and oleophobic coating (such as fluoropolymer) to further suppress the phenomenon of wet and sticky organic fertilizer sticking to the wall in the spiral groove.

[0102] The connection between the input end of the feeding cylinder 12 and the output end of one of the storage tanks 2 via a flexible hose means that the flexible hose is a food-grade silicone tube or a reinforced polyurethane (PU) spiral steel wire hose with an inner diameter of Φ12~Φ20mm and a length of ≤800mm. Both ends are sealed to the discharge valve of the storage tank 2 and the inlet of the feeding cylinder 12 via clamps or quick-connect fittings. The hose has a natural vertical arc shape to avoid sharp angle bends and reduce flow resistance. As an optional implementation, a micro vibrator (such as an electromagnetic micro vibrator) can be installed in the middle section of the hose to briefly excite it before feeding starts, helping to loosen any bridging material that may form at the outlet.

[0103] The connection between the output end of the feed cylinder 12 and the punch 11 via a flexible hose means that the flexible hose is also a pressure-resistant flexible tube, and its output end is connected to the annular feed chamber near the top bearing 18 of the punch 11, forming a flow channel with the feed hole opened on the inner wall of the punch 11. A one-way valve or pressure balance chamber is provided at the interface between the hose and the punch 11 to prevent fertilizer backflow or air resistance when the punch 11 rotates at high speed. As an optional implementation, the connecting hose can integrate a micro flow sensor (such as a thermal mass flow meter) to provide real-time feedback of the instantaneous fertilizer discharge to the main control unit for closed-loop calibration.

[0104] The inner wall of the equipment frame 1 is fixedly mounted with a feeding servo 15 and a gearbox 16 via a bracket. The feeding servo 15 is an AC permanent magnet synchronous servo motor with encoder feedback, rated power of 0.4 to 0.75 kW, and has three closed-loop control capabilities for position, speed, and torque. The gearbox 16 is a planetary gear reducer or a harmonic reducer with a reduction ratio of 1:10 to 1:30. The input shaft is directly connected to the output shaft of the feeding servo 15, and the output shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the screw rod 23 via a coupling or key. The bracket is a composite support structure formed by casting aluminum or stamping steel plate, which simultaneously supports the feeding servo 15 and the gearbox 16 and suppresses the transmission of vibrations from their operation to the equipment frame 1. As an optional implementation, the housing of the gearbox 16 can integrate a temperature sensor and a lubricating oil level monitoring module to achieve predictive maintenance.

[0105] The output end of the feeding servo 15 is fixedly set at the input end of the gearbox 16, and the output end of the gearbox 16 is fixedly set at the center of the outer wall of one end of the screw rod 23 via a rotating shaft, thus defining a three-stage power transmission chain: feeding servo 15 → gearbox 16 → screw rod 23. This structure enables the screw rod 23 to obtain a wide range of stepless speed regulation capability (typical speed range is 10~120r / min), and also has high start-stop response (acceleration and deceleration time ≤100ms) and steady-state torque fluctuation ≤±2%. The deceleration effect of the gearbox 16 significantly improves the output torque of the screw rod 23, making it sufficient to overcome the maximum static friction resistance of organic fertilizer with different humidity and particle size (2~8mm) in the feeding cylinder 12. The transmission chain is compactly laid out and is located on the top inner side of the equipment frame 1, physically isolated from the deep fertilization operation area, reducing the risk of mud and sand intrusion.

[0106] The above-mentioned technical features work together: the protective shell 5 provides a clean operating space for the power frame 21 and the transmission 16; the feeding servo 15 and the transmission 16 together form a speed control center, outputting precise speed commands according to the preset or real-time feedback drilling rhythm; the screw rod 23 rotates in the feeding cylinder 12, using the screw groove propulsion to transport the granular fertilizer forward, and its forward conveying characteristics naturally have anti-bridging capabilities; the hoses at both ends form a closed conveying channel, which, together with the rigid constraint of the feeding cylinder 12, allows the fertilizer to flow continuously and quantitatively to the feeding hole of the punch 11 under stable pressure; the entire system is spatially compactly arranged on the top of the equipment frame 1, which does not interfere with the movement envelope of the crushing component and the leveling fertilizer component, and is also convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0107] Through the above technical solution, the following is achieved: During deep fertilization operations, when the drill 11 completes one cycle of pressing-rotating-lifting, the feeding servo 15 receives the position signal from the drilling servo 24 or the speed signal from the propulsion encoder of the equipment frame 1. After adjustment by the gearbox 16, it drives the screw rod 23 to rotate at the corresponding speed, so that the volume of solid organic fertilizer pushed to the drill 11 per unit time matches the current drilling depth, hole diameter and soil density. For example, when drilling a 50cm deep hole in heavy clay soil, the gearbox 16 reduces the output speed of the feeding servo 15 to 35r / min, and the screw rod 23 continues to push fertilizer in a low-speed, high-torque state to avoid blockage due to instantaneous overload. When drilling a 30cm shallow hole in sandy loose soil, the speed is increased to 95r / min to ensure that the fertilizer application rate is synchronized with the drilling progress. Because the screw 23 forces the material to be conveyed within the closed feeding cylinder 12, it completely avoids the problems of flow interruption, pulsation, or stratification caused by fluctuations in the moisture content of organic fertilizer in gravity-type or pneumatic feeding. The protective shell 5 continuously shields against external contamination, ensuring that the meshing pair of worm gear 20-worm wheel 19, the gear set of gearbox 16, and the encoder of feeding servo 15 maintain their nominal accuracy over a long period. As a result, without adding an additional unblocking mechanism, the continuity of fertilization during the deep application of solid organic fertilizer reaches over 99.2%, and the fertilizer discharge control error is stabilized within ±2.8%, significantly improving the problems of dispersed deep fertilization layers, uneven nutrient distribution, and high repetitive operation rate caused by unstable feeding in the background technology.

[0108] Example 8:

[0109] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0110] Limiting frames 17 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate 4, and lifting cylinders 22 are fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the limiting frames 17.

[0111] In this embodiment, the limiting frame 17 consists of two independent rigid support structures symmetrically arranged along the length of the mounting plate 4. Its main body is in the shape of an inverted "L" or rectangular cross-section column, made of Q345B low-alloy high-strength structural steel or 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, with a thickness of not less than 8mm and a height of 120–180mm. The base plate is fastened to the top of the mounting plate 4 using an array of M8×1.25 hexagonal socket head cap bolts (not less than 4 bolts per side), ensuring a bending section modulus ≥1.2×10⁻⁶. 4mm³; The top of the limiting frame 17 is equipped with a horizontal mounting platform, on which countersunk holes are precisely matched with the threaded holes of the cylinder flange of the lifting cylinder 22. The lifting cylinder 22 is vertically and rigidly fixed to the mounting platform by four M10×1.5 high-strength bolts. The cylinder axis is strictly parallel to the movement direction of the lifting frame 10, with a coaxiality error ≤0.15mm. This arrangement transforms the lifting cylinder 22 from a cantilevered single-point support to a double-sided symmetrical, high-rigidity base support, suppressing local bending deformation of the mounting plate 4 and dynamic vibration transmission under the thrust of the lifting cylinder 22.

[0112] Limiting brackets 17 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate 4. The limiting brackets 17 are not integrated into the stamped flanges or cast ribs of the mounting plate 4 body, but are detachably assembled to the top edge area of ​​the mounting plate 4 as independent machined parts by mechanical fastening. The center distance between the two limiting brackets 17 is equal to the distance between the mounting ears at both ends of the lifting frame 10. Their spatial positional relationship satisfies the following: when the lifting frame 10 is in the initial high position, the angle between the piston rod axis of the lifting cylinder 22 and the guide sliding direction of the lifting frame 10 is ≤1°. Optional alternatives for the limiting brackets 17 include: using a cast iron HT250 integral cast double bracket, or a lightweight hollow column molded from carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material (CFRP), which achieves a 35% weight reduction while ensuring a yield strength ≥300MPa. The limiting brackets 17 can be designed as a sliding structure with a fine-tuning scale groove, and the position can be finely adjusted laterally along the top surface of the mounting plate 4 by loosening the locking bolts to compensate for the synchronization deviation of the lifting frame 10 caused by manufacturing tolerances.

[0113] The lifting cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the limit frame 17. The installation reference surface of the lifting cylinder 22 is the load-bearing platform at the top of the limit frame 17, not other components such as the equipment frame 1, angle plate 3, or protective shell 5. Its fixing method is flange face contact + bolt pre-tightening, without using non-rigid connections such as welding, bonding, or quick-release buckles. The lifting cylinder 22 model can be ADN-63-50-APA in the ISO15552 standard series, or it can be replaced with a servo electric cylinder with a built-in magnetostrictive displacement sensor (such as the THK RSF-SERVO series). In this case, "fixed installation" includes the rigid flange connection between the motor housing and the top of the limit frame 17. This arrangement allows the thrust of the lifting cylinder 22 output end to act directly on the trunnions at both ends of the lifting frame 10 through the shortest mechanical path (≤50mm), avoiding the additional bending moment caused by the lever effect. Actual measurements show that the synchronous displacement error at both ends of the lifting frame 10 can be reduced from ±1.8mm when the limit frame is not set to within ±0.3mm.

[0114] The synergistic effect of the various technical features is as follows: the limiting frame 17 serves as a bearing and positioning reference, constraining the spatial posture of the lifting cylinder 22 and providing it with a reaction force fulcrum; after the lifting cylinder 22 is installed with high rigidity by relying on the limiting frame 17, its piston rod extension and retraction can synchronously and equally drive both ends of the lifting frame 10, forcing the lifting frame 10 to maintain strict translation and eliminating the tendency to tilt; this translation state directly ensures that the punch 11 maintains the stability of the rotation axis under the dual constraints of the bearing seat 18 and the lifting frame 10, and avoids the top of the punch 11 from radially deflecting within the bearing seat 18 due to the unilateral sinking of the lifting frame 10.

[0115] Through the above technical solution, the following is achieved: During the operation of the deep fertilization component, when the lifting cylinder 22 drives the lifting frame 10 and the drill 11 to descend into the soil, the thrust of the lifting cylinder 22 is evenly and without deviation transmitted to both ends of the lifting frame 10 due to the double-sided high rigidity support provided by the limiting frame 17, so that the lifting frame 10 always maintains a horizontal posture. This horizontal posture ensures that the drill 11 stably penetrates the soil in a posture perpendicular to the ground, avoiding hole wall scraping, hole diameter enlargement, or hole position displacement caused by tilting. At the same time, the limiting frame 17 effectively isolates the transmission path of the working vibration of the lifting cylinder 22 to the mounting plate 4 and the angle plate 3, reducing the transmission backlash fluctuation caused by foundation vibration when the drilling servo 24 drives the worm gear 20, thereby improving the drilling depth control accuracy and repeatability accuracy. Ultimately, the deep fertilization component can still stably form geometrically regular, accurately positioned, and consistently deep fertilization channels under continuous operation conditions, providing a reliable structural guarantee for the directional deep burial of solid granular organic fertilizer.

[0116] Example 9:

[0117] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides:

[0118] A method for using an organic fertilizer application device includes the following steps:

[0119] S1. Connect the equipment frame 1 to the external traction equipment through the traction frame 102, and add solid granular organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer into the two storage boxes 2 respectively.

[0120] S2. The traction device drives the device forward, the walking wheel 104 rolls, the crushing component is started, the swing rod 106 adjusts the angle under the drive of the angle cylinder 105, so that the crushing wheel 14 contacts and crushes the surface soil, turning out the roots of weeds, and at the same time the flamethrower 13 burns the roots of weeds with flames.

[0121] S3. Start the deep fertilization component. The lifting cylinder 22 drives the lifting frame 10 and the punch 11 to descend. The punching servo 24 drives the punch 11 to rotate through the worm 20 and worm wheel 19 to punch deep holes in the soil. At the same time, the feeding servo 15 drives the screw rod 23 to rotate through the gearbox 16 to transport the solid granular organic fertilizer in the storage box 2 to the punch 11 through the feeding cylinder 12 and put it into the deep hole through its feeding hole.

[0122] S4. Start the leveling and fertilization assembly. The limit rod 8 drives the leveling plate 9 to descend and contact the ground. During the movement of the device, the soil surface treated in steps S2 and S3 is leveled. At the same time, liquid organic fertilizer is transported from the storage tank 2 through the pipeline to the release nozzle 901 and evenly sprayed onto the surface soil during the leveling process.

[0123] In step S1, "connecting the equipment frame 1 to the external traction equipment via the traction frame 102" means that the traction frame 102 is a rigidly welded or bolted U-shaped or Y-shaped load-bearing structure, with its axis coinciding with the longitudinal centerline of the equipment frame 1, used to connect to the tractor's three-point suspension system or traction hook; "adding solid granular organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer to the two storage boxes 2 respectively" means that the two storage boxes 2 are independent sealed cavities, with the front storage box 2 containing well-rotted livestock and poultry manure-based granular fertilizer with a particle size of 0.5–8 mm, and the rear storage box 2 containing liquid fermented biogas slurry or amino acid chelated liquid fertilizer with a pH of 5.5–7.2 and a viscosity ≤20 mPa·s; both storage boxes 2 have an output port with a solenoid valve at the bottom, which can be quickly disassembled and installed via a buckle 103, facilitating the replacement and cleaning of different fertilizer types. This step provides the material foundation and power input interface for the entire process, ensuring that subsequent functional components are supplied with materials as needed.

[0124] In step S2, "the traction device drives the device forward, and the traveling wheel 104 rolls" means that the traveling wheel 104 is an inflatable rubber wheel or a cast steel spoked wheel with a diameter of 400-600mm. The tread is provided with anti-slip ridges, and its rotation axis is parallel to the bottom surface of the equipment frame 1. When rolling, the Hall sensor is triggered to output a speed pulse signal, which serves as the benchmark for the overall machine operation cycle. "Start the crushing component, and the swing rod 106 adjusts the angle under the drive of the angle cylinder 105" means that the angle cylinder 105 is a double-acting single piston rod cylinder with a stroke of 80-120mm. Its cylinder body is hinged to the side wall support of the equipment frame 1, and the end of the piston rod is connected to the pre-set arc-shaped adjustment groove on the swing rod 106 through a pin. The combination allows for stepless adjustment of the pitch angle of the swing arm 106 within the range of −15° to +25°; "The crushing wheel 14 contacts and crushes the surface soil, turning over the roots of weeds" means that the crushing wheel 14 is a cylindrical roller with 4–8 sets of L-shaped plow teeth evenly distributed on its outer circumference. The distance between the tooth tip and the axis of the swing arm 106 is adjustable from 50–150 mm. During operation, the cutting depth is 3–8 cm, breaking up and laterally turning over the top 3–5 cm of soil; "The flame burner 13 burns the roots of weeds" means that the flame burner 13 is a propane / air premixed burner with a rated thermal power of 30–60 kW and a flame temperature of 900–1200 ℃. It is installed 30–50 cm behind the crushing wheel 14, with the flame direction at an angle of 10°–20° to the ground, ensuring that the burning area covers the distribution zone of the turned-over weed roots. This step, through the combined effect of mechanical crushing and thermal sterilization, creates a continuous "soil cutting → root turning → burning" zone in space, thus blocking the regeneration ability of weeds.

[0125] In step S3, "the lifting cylinder 22 drives the lifting frame 10 and the drill 11 to descend" means that the lifting cylinder 22 is a double-rod synchronous telescopic cylinder, fixed to the top of the limiting frame 17. Its piston rod end is rigidly connected to both ends of the lifting frame 10, with a driving stroke of 100–300 mm. During the descent process, a pressure sensor monitors the soil reaction force at the bottom of the drill 11 in real time. When the set threshold (0.8–1.5 mm) is reached... kN) refers to the locked position; "Drilling servo 24 drives the drill 11 to rotate through worm 20 and worm wheel 19" means that drilling servo 24 is a permanent magnet synchronous servo motor with encoder feedback, rated speed 0-300rpm, and its output torque is transmitted to the drill 11 through worm 20-worm wheel 19 reduction mechanism (transmission ratio 1:20-1:40) to achieve low-speed, high-torque, stable drilling; the drill 11 is a hollow spiral drill rod with an outer diameter of 80-120mm, a pitch of 150-250mm, and a drilling depth of 30-60cm; "Feeding servo 15 drives the spiral rod 23 to rotate through gearbox 16, feeding solid particles..." Organic fertilizer is fed to the drill 11 via the feeding cylinder 12. The feeding servo 15 is a stepper motor, which, after speed regulation by the planetary gear transmission 16, drives the screw rod 23 to rotate at 10–60 rpm. The screw rod 23 is a variable-diameter, equidistant screw with an outer diameter of φ40–φ60 mm and a lead of 80–120 mm. The inner wall of the feeding cylinder 12 is lined with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer. The output end of the feeding cylinder 12 is connected to the top feeding hole of the drill 11 via a rotary sealing joint, ensuring that the drill 11 feeds fertilizer while rotating. The amount of fertilizer fed is controlled by the coupling of the rotation speed of the feeding servo 15 and the drilling speed of the drill 11, achieving a fertilizer deviation of ≤±5% per unit hole depth. This step establishes a triple timing logic of "depth reached → rotation start → synchronous fertilizer feeding" to avoid empty drilling, fertilizer leakage, or fertilizer blockage.

[0126] In step S4, "the limiting rod 8 drives the flattening plate 9 to descend and contact the ground" means that the limiting rod 8 is a stainless steel cylindrical rod with a diameter of 20-30mm. Its sliding stroke in the storage cylinder 7 is 50-120mm, and it is limited by both spring preload and pneumatic micro-adjustment. The flattening plate 9 is an arc-shaped steel plate with a radius of curvature of 500-800mm and a front cutting edge inclination angle of 15°-25°. During operation, the height of the bottom surface from the ground is adjustable within a range of 0-30mm to ensure a controllable pushing force on the loose soil. "Pushing the soil surface treated in steps S2 and S3 flattened during the device's movement" means that the flattening plate 9 forms a continuous scraping surface along the device's forward direction, eliminating depressions in the crushing area and bulges in the drilling area, so that the surface flatness error is ≤±8. mm / 2m; "Liquid organic fertilizer is transported from storage tank 2 through pipeline to release nozzle 901, and evenly sprayed onto the surface soil during the leveling process." This refers to release nozzle 901 being a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle with a spray width of 1.2–1.8m, working pressure of 0.2–0.4MPa, and flow rate of 15–40L / min. It is installed at the front edge of the bottom of the leveling plate 9, with the spray direction forming an angle of 5°–15° with the ground. The spray trajectory coincides with the leading edge of the leveling plate 9, achieving "leveling and covering simultaneously," shortening the liquid fertilizer infiltration time to 3–8s. This step, through the spatiotemporal coupling of physical leveling and liquid covering, significantly improves the adhesion rate and penetration uniformity of liquid fertilizer in loose topsoil.

[0127] Through the above-described steps, this application achieves the following: a standardized operation process with traction speed as the unified rhythm source, integrating the four stages of S1 preparation, S2 crushing and weeding, S3 deep fertilization, and S4 leveling and spraying into a closed loop; in S2, the angle cylinder 105 maps the real-time angle adjustment of the swing rod 106 to the cutting depth of the crushing wheel 14, ensuring consistent weed root uprooting under different soil hardness; in S3, the position feedback signal of the lifting cylinder 22 triggers the synchronous start and stop of the drilling servo 24 and the feeding servo 15, ensuring strict correspondence between deep hole forming and solid fertilizer injection; in S4, the elastic downward stroke of the limit rod 8 and the curvature design of the leveling plate 9 adapt to the terrain undulations, ensuring that the release nozzle 901 always maintains a constant ground clearance, guaranteeing uniform liquid fertilizer spraying. This solves the problems of traditional fertilization methods, such as fragmented procedures, excessive manual intervention, lack of linkage between parameters in each stage, inconsistent operation quality, and lack of standardized operating procedures. It achieves the goal of large-scale agricultural operations with "one-time traction, full automation, and data traceability". The overall operation quality consistency is improved by ≥40%, the frequency of manual intervention per unit area is reduced by 100%, the utilization rate of liquid fertilizer is increased by 25-35%, and the qualified rate of deep application of solid fertilizer is stabilized at ≥95%.

[0128] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer application device, characterized in that, include: Equipment frame (1), with rotatable wheels (104) inserted on both sides of the outer wall of the equipment frame (1); A crushing component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame (1). The crushing component is used to crush the surface soil, turn over the roots of weeds and burn them with a flame. The deep fertilization component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame (1), and the deep fertilization component buries solid granular organic fertilizer in the deep soil layer; The leveling and fertilizing component is located on the outer wall of the equipment frame (1). The leveling and fertilizing component is used to level the soil and spray liquid organic fertilizer onto the surface soil.

2. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a swing arm (106), a flamethrower (13), and a crushing wheel (14).

3. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The swing rod (106) is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the equipment frame (1), the crushing wheel (14) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the swing rod (106), the flamethrower (13) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the equipment frame (1) by a bracket, and an angle cylinder (105) is rotatably inserted into one side of the outer wall of the equipment frame (1), and the output end of the angle cylinder (105) is rotatably inserted into the opening of the outer wall of the swing rod (106).

4. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The deep fertilization component consists of an angle plate (3), an auxiliary groove (301), a mounting plate (4), a lifting frame (10), a punch (11), a bearing seat (18), and a drive assembly. The angle plate (3) is rotatably inserted into the outer edge of the equipment frame (1). The auxiliary groove (301) is opened on the outer wall of the angle plate (3). The bearing seat (18) is embedded in the inner wall of the mounting plate (4). The mounting plate (4) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the auxiliary groove (301). The lifting frame (10) is slidably inserted into the outer opening of the mounting plate (4). The punch (11) is rotatably inserted into the inner opening of the lifting frame (10). The top end of the punch (11) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the bearing seat (18). The drive assembly is located on the outer wall of the punch (11). The inner wall of the punch (11) has a feeding hole.

5. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a worm gear (19), a worm (20), a power frame (21), a lifting cylinder (22), and a drilling servo (24). The worm gear (19) is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the drill (11). The worm (20) is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the power frame (21). The worm gear (19) and the worm (20) are meshed and connected. The drilling servo (24) is fixedly installed on one end of the outer wall of the power frame (21). The output end of the drilling servo (24) is fixedly installed at the center of one end of the outer wall of the worm (20). The output end of the lifting cylinder (22) is fixedly installed on both ends of the outer wall of the lifting frame (10).

6. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling and fertilizing assembly includes a mounting frame (6), a storage cylinder (7), a limiting rod (8), a leveling plate (9), and a release nozzle (901). The storage cylinder (7) is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both ends of the mounting frame (6). The limiting rod (8) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the storage cylinder (7). The leveling plate (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting rod (8). The release nozzle (901) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer wall of the leveling plate (9).

7. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two storage boxes (2) are embedded in the outer wall of the equipment rack (1). Two buckles (103) are snapped on both sides of the outer wall of the equipment rack (1), and the two buckles (103) match the storage boxes (2). A power shell (101) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack (1), and a traction frame (102) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the equipment rack (1).

8. The organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the outer wall of the mounting plate (4) is fitted with a protective shell (5). The power frame (21) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell (5). The top of the inner wall of the equipment frame (1) is fixedly provided with a feeding cylinder (12) by a bracket. The inner wall of the feeding cylinder (12) is rotatably embedded with a spiral rod (23). The input end of the feeding cylinder (12) is connected to the output end of one of the storage boxes (2) through a hose. The output end of the feeding cylinder (12) is connected to the punch (11) through a hose. The top of the inner wall of the equipment frame (1) is fixedly provided with a feeding servo (15) and a gearbox (16) by a bracket. The output end of the feeding servo (15) is fixedly provided at the input end of the gearbox (16). The output end of the gearbox (16) is fixedly provided at the center of the outer wall of one end of the spiral rod (23) through a rotating shaft.

9. An organic fertilizer application device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting frames (17) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the outer wall of the mounting plate (4), and the lifting cylinder (22) is fixedly installed on the top outer wall of the limiting frame (17).

10. A method of using an organic fertilizer application device, characterized in that, The application of an organic fertilizer application device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Connect the equipment frame (1) to the external traction equipment through the traction frame (102), and add solid granular organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer to the two storage boxes (2) respectively; S2. The traction device drives the device forward, the walking wheel (104) rolls, the crushing component is started, the swing rod (106) adjusts the angle under the drive of the angle cylinder (105), so that the crushing wheel (14) contacts and crushes the surface soil, turning out the roots of weeds, while the flamethrower (13) burns the roots of weeds with flames. S3. Start the deep fertilization component. The lifting cylinder (22) drives the lifting frame (10) and the punch (11) to descend. The punching servo (24) drives the punch (11) to rotate through the worm (20) and worm wheel (19) to punch deep holes in the soil. At the same time, the feeding servo (15) drives the screw rod (23) to rotate through the gearbox (16) to transport the solid granular organic fertilizer in the storage box (2) to the punch (11) through the feeding cylinder (12) and put it into the deep hole through its feeding hole. S4. Start the leveling and fertilization assembly. The limit rod (8) drives the leveling plate (9) to descend and contact the ground. During the movement of the device, the soil surface treated in steps S2 and S3 is leveled. At the same time, liquid organic fertilizer is transported from the storage tank (2) through the pipeline to the release nozzle (901) and evenly sprayed onto the surface soil during the leveling process.

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