Alkaline and salt type saline-alkali land crop layered fertilization equipment

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fertilization, and particularly relates to an alkali and salt adjusting type layered fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali soil; the equipment comprises a moving frame; a furrow opener is installed on one side of the moving frame, and a soil covering device is installed on the other side; a guiding and layering unit is arranged on the moving frame; the guiding and layering unit comprises a support plate, which is installed on the moving frame; a guiding cylinder, which is connected to the bottom of the support plate; a guiding cross block, which is connected to the guiding cylinder and is close to the support plate; the guiding cross block is in sliding fit with the guiding cylinder; an executive round block, which is installed on the guiding cross block; and a rotating adjusting device, which is arranged on the executive round block; the material can be covered in multiple directions around the crop root system, the problems of local material concentration and insufficient supply in other areas can be avoided, the material utilization rate and the saline-alkali soil adjusting effect are improved, the overall fertilization and improvement effect of the equipment is improved, and the limitation of the equipment in actual use is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilization technology, specifically a stratified fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land that regulates alkali and suppresses salt. Background Technology

[0002] In the cultivation of crops in saline-alkali land, in order to improve the degree of soil alkalization and increase crop yield, it is usually necessary to use fertilization equipment to apply fertilizers, alkali adjusters and salt-suppressing materials around the crop roots to regulate the soil nutrient environment and reduce the adverse effects of salt on crop growth. In the field of intelligent agricultural power machinery and other mechanized agricultural and horticultural machinery manufacturing, although the application of alternating irrigation technology helps to save water resources, the supporting high-efficiency fertilization equipment still needs to be improved. At present, the stratified fertilization equipment used in agricultural production mostly adopts the structure of furrow opener combined with conveying pipe, which can deliver different types of fertilizers to different soil depths to achieve stratified fertilization operations and meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages.

[0003] However, in actual operation, existing stratified fertilization equipment typically applies fertilizers, alkali adjusters, and salt suppressants directly into the soil through fixed discharge ports, resulting in a concentrated distribution of materials and making it difficult to achieve uniform distribution around crop roots. Because these materials tend to accumulate in localized areas, some areas may have excessively high concentrations of nutrients and alkali adjusters / salt suppressants, while other areas may have insufficient supplies. This leads to reduced fertilizer utilization and uneven soil salinity regulation, affecting not only the overall fertilization and improvement effect of the equipment but also significantly limiting its practical application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a stratified fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land that regulates alkali and suppresses salt, effectively solving the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a stratified fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land, comprising a mobile frame; a furrow opener is installed on one side of the mobile frame and a soil coverer is installed on the other side; a guiding stratification unit is provided on the mobile frame for planting crops at different soil depths; the guiding stratification unit includes a support plate installed on the mobile frame;

[0006] Guide cylinder, connected to the bottom of the support plate;

[0007] A guide block is connected through the guide cylinder on the side near the support plate; the guide block and the guide cylinder are in sliding engagement.

[0008] The actuating circular block is mounted on the guide block;

[0009] A rotational adjustment device is disposed on an actuating circular block; the rotational adjustment device is used to complete fertilization, alkali adjustment, and salt suppression operations around the crop roots; the rotational adjustment device includes a first rotating groove disposed at the bottom of the actuating circular block;

[0010] The rotating ring is fitted into the first rotating groove; the rotating ring and the first rotating groove are in rotational engagement.

[0011] A rotating base block is mounted on a rotating ring; several rotating base blocks are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the rotating ring as the center; several rotating base blocks are connected together to a first toothed ring;

[0012] The actuator is provided with a centering and positioning component; the centering and positioning component includes a second rotating groove, which is disposed on the top of the actuator.

[0013] A rotating block is fitted into the second rotating groove; the rotating block and the second rotating groove are rotatably engaged; several rotating blocks are connected together to a second toothed ring.

[0014] Preferably, it includes a telescopic cylinder, which is mounted on the support plate; the output end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the guide block.

[0015] A storage bin is installed on a mobile frame; the storage bin is connected to the top of a support plate; the number of storage bins corresponds to the number of rotating base blocks.

[0016] A guide slot is provided at the center of the top of the actuating block; the crop passes through the guide slot; the guide slot is coaxial with the center of the second toothed ring and the first toothed ring.

[0017] Preferably, it includes guide seats installed at the bottom of the actuating block; a plurality of guide seats are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the actuating block as the center;

[0018] The guide claw blocks are movably connected within the guide seat; several guide claw blocks are initially clustered together; the second toothed ring and the second rotating groove are both located within the area enclosed by the several guide claw blocks;

[0019] The first drive source is connected to the side of the guide seat; the output end of the first drive source is connected to the guide claw block.

[0020] Preferably, it includes a limiting cylinder, which is mounted on the rotating base block;

[0021] A limiting cylinder is fitted and connected inside a limiting cylindrical tube; the limiting cylinder and the limiting cylindrical tube are in sliding fit.

[0022] The storage cavity is located inside the limiting cylinder;

[0023] A connecting pipe is installed on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder; the connecting pipe is connected to the storage cavity; an A valve is provided inside the connecting pipe; the connecting pipe is connected to one of the corresponding storage tanks.

[0024] Preferably, it includes a pressure sensor connected to the bottom surface of the limiting cylinder;

[0025] A limiting spring is installed inside a limiting cylinder; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the limiting cylinder, and the other end is connected to a pressure sensor.

[0026] A limiting square seat is installed on a limiting cylinder;

[0027] The limit switch block is movably connected within the limit switch base;

[0028] The second drive source is connected to the side wall of the limiting seat; the output end of the second drive source is connected to the limiting rotating block.

[0029] The nozzle is mounted on the limit switch block;

[0030] The transfer hose is connected at one end to the nozzle and at the other end to the limiting cylinder; the transfer hose is connected to the storage cavity; and a B valve is provided inside the transfer hose.

[0031] Preferably, it includes a third drive source installed on the top of the actuating block; a rotating gear is connected to the output end of the third drive source; the rotating gear is located at the bottom of the actuating block; the rotating gear meshes with the first gear ring.

[0032] Preferably, it includes a first gear connected to the bottom of the actuating block; the first gear meshes with a first gear ring;

[0033] The second gear is connected to the top of the actuating block; the second gear is coaxially connected to the first gear; the second gear meshes with the inner wall of the second gear ring;

[0034] The third gear is installed on the top of the actuating block; the third gear meshes with the outer wall of the second gear ring; a plurality of third gears are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the second gear ring as the center;

[0035] The positioning gear is mounted on the third gear.

[0036] Preferably, it includes a positioning base, which is installed on the top of the actuating block;

[0037] A positioning slide rail is connected through the positioning base; the positioning slide rail is slidably engaged with the positioning base;

[0038] A positioning toothed frame is connected to a positioning slide rail; the positioning gear is located inside the positioning toothed frame, and the two mesh with each other;

[0039] A bent rod is mounted on a positioning toothed frame; a limiting plate is installed on the bent rod; a buffer rubber pad is connected to the limiting plate; and a guide claw block is located on the moving path of the buffer rubber pad.

[0040] Preferably, the limiting rotating block is provided with a transmission and control self-cleaning module; the transmission and control self-cleaning module includes a first base, which is installed on the limiting rotating block;

[0041] Brake gear, connected to the first base;

[0042] The third toothed ring is installed on the side wall of the limiting seat; the center of the third toothed ring is coaxial with the output end of the second drive source; the third toothed ring meshes with the brake gear;

[0043] The first bevel gear is connected to the brake gear;

[0044] The second base is mounted on the first base; a brake cam is connected to one side of the second base, and a second bevel gear is connected to the other side: the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear; the brake cam is coaxially connected with the second bevel gear.

[0045] Preferably, the second base is provided with a brake groove; a brake rod is connected in the brake groove; a brake plate is fitted in the brake groove, and the two are slidably connected; the brake plate and the brake rod are connected through, and the two are slidably connected; a brake spring is sleeved on the brake rod; one end of the brake spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the brake groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake plate; the brake plate is located on the rotation path of the outer wall of the brake cam; a brush is installed on the brake plate: the output end surface of the nozzle is located on the moving path of the brush.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] (1) By using a rotational device, multiple rotating blocks can rotate around the crop roots under the action of a third driving source. Fertilizer, alkali-regulating material and salt-suppressing material are stored in storage boxes corresponding to the rotating blocks, so that different functional materials can maintain an independent state. At the same time, the fixed storage boxes are connected to the rotating limit cylinders through connecting pipes, so that different materials can be delivered to the corresponding nozzles. The rotating spraying and angle adjustment functions of the nozzles can be used to cover fertilizer, alkali-regulating material and salt-suppressing material in multiple directions around the crop roots, avoiding the problem of local material concentration and insufficient supply in other areas caused by the traditional fixed discharge method. This improves the material utilization rate and the effect of saline-alkali land regulation, enhances the overall fertilization and improvement effect of the equipment, and reduces its limitations in actual use.

[0048] (2) By setting up a storage cavity, pressure sensor and limiting spring inside the limiting cylinder and limiting cylinder, the weight change of the raw material entering the storage cavity can be converted into pressure change. The pressure sensor can detect the current storage amount, thereby controlling the output of different materials, realizing the quantitative application of fertilizer, alkali-regulating material and salt-suppressing material, avoiding the problem of soil environment further imbalance due to excessive spraying amount, or the problem of reduced improvement effect due to insufficient spraying amount;

[0049] (3) Through the guide layering unit, the telescopic cylinder drives the guide block to move along the guide cylinder, so that the actuator block can adjust the height according to the crop growth needs. The first drive source controls several guide claw blocks to expand or retract synchronously, thereby forming corresponding planting pits at different soil depths, enabling crops to be planted in layers, improving the equipment's adaptability to different saline-alkali soil environments and different crop root growth needs. At the same time, the ring distribution structure of several guide claw blocks makes the planting pits more uniform, avoiding the problem of limited crop root growth environment caused by fixed-depth planting in traditional equipment.

[0050] (4) When the limit block drives the nozzle to adjust the angle through the transmission and control self-cleaning module, the meshing between the fixed third tooth ring and the brake gear will cause the brake gear to rotate synchronously during the revolution of the limit block. The brake plate will move back and forth through the first bevel tooth, the second bevel tooth and the brake cam, so that the brush can clean the nozzle output end synchronously. This structure does not require an additional independent cleaning power source. It can clean soil particles and salt crystals during the nozzle adjustment process, reduce the probability of nozzle blockage, ensure continuous and stable material output, and improve the long-term continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0051] (5) By using the centering and positioning component, the first gear ring rotates and drives the first gear, the second gear and the second gear ring to move together, and the third gear drives the positioning tooth frame to move back and forth along the positioning slide rail. In this way, the position of the guide claw block is detected and adjusted by using the buffer rubber pad, so as to avoid the guide claw block from shifting after long-term use and affecting the formation accuracy of planting pits of different depths, and improve the stability of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0053] In the attached diagram:

[0054] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the actuator circular block of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide claw block structure of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide slot structure of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 Linked pipe cross-sectional view for this invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the second rotating groove of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the brush body structure of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 This is an exploded cross-sectional view of the rotating ring of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting cylinder of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the brake plate structure of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer hose structure of the present invention;

[0066] In the diagram: 1. Mobile frame; 2. Trencher; 3. Covering device; 4. Support plate; 5. Guide cylinder; 6. Guide block; 7. Actuating block; 8. First rotating groove; 9. Rotating ring; 10. Rotating base block; 11. First toothed ring; 12. Second rotating groove; 13. Rotating block; 14. Second toothed ring; 15. Telescopic cylinder; 16. Storage box; 17. Guide slot; 18. Guide square seat; 19. Guide claw block; 20. First drive source; 21. Limiting cylinder; 22. Limiting cylinder; 23. Storage cavity; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. Pressure sensor; 26. Limiting spring; 27. Limiting square seat; 28. Limiting cylinder. 29. Second drive source; 30. Nozzle; 31. Transfer hose; 32. Third drive source; 33. Rotary gear; 34. First gear; 35. Second gear; 36. Third gear; 37. Positioning gear; 38. Positioning base; 39. Positioning slide rail; 40. Positioning gear frame; 41. Bending rod; 42. Limiting plate; 43. Buffer rubber pad; 44. First base; 45. Brake gear; 46. Third gear ring; 47. First bevel tooth; 48. Second base; 49. Brake cam; 50. Second bevel tooth; 51. Brake groove; 52. Brake slide column; 53. Brake plate body; 54. Brake spring; 55. Brush body. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Implementation examples, by Figures 1 to 12 The present invention includes a mobile frame 1; a furrow opener 2 is installed on one side of the mobile frame 1, and a soil covering device 3 is installed on the other side; a guiding layering unit is provided on the mobile frame 1 for planting crops at different soil depths; the guiding layering unit includes a support plate 4 installed on the mobile frame 1; a guide cylinder 5 connected to the bottom of the support plate 4; a guide cross block 6 connected through the guide cylinder 5 near the support plate 4; the guide cross block 6 and the guide cylinder 5 are in sliding engagement; an actuating block 7 is installed on the guide cross block 6; a telescopic cylinder 15 is installed on the support plate 4; the output end of the telescopic cylinder 15 is connected to the guide cross block 6; a storage box 16 is installed on the mobile frame 1; the storage box 16 is connected to the top of the support plate 4. The number of storage bins 16 corresponds to the number of rotating base blocks 10; a guide slot 17 is provided through the center of the top of the actuating block 7; the crop passes through the guide slot 17; the guide slot 17 is coaxial with the center of the second toothed ring 14 and the first toothed ring 11; a guide square seat 18 is installed at the bottom of the actuating block 7; several guide square seats 18 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the actuating block 7 as the center; guide claw blocks 19 are movably connected to the guide square seat 18; several guide claw blocks 19 are initially clustered together; the second toothed ring 14 and the second rotating slot 12 are both located in the area enclosed by several guide claw blocks 19; a first drive source 20 is connected to the side of the guide square seat 18; the output end of the first drive source 20 is connected to the guide claw block 19;

[0069] When this equipment is needed for stratified planting of crops in saline-alkali land, the entire equipment is first moved to the planting area by the mobile frame 1. The stratification unit on the mobile frame 1 adjusts the planting depth to different soil layers. During operation, the output end of the telescopic cylinder 15 pushes the guide block 6 up and down along the guide cylinder 5, causing the actuator block 7 installed on the guide block 6 to adjust its height synchronously, thus changing the depth of the subsequent planting position of the crop. This allows the equipment to adaptively adjust the planting depth according to the root growth needs of different crops. When the actuator block 7 moves to the preset height, the first drive source 20 drives the guide claw block 19 to expand or retract along the guide seat 18, causing several guide claw blocks 19 to move outward from their initial converged state, thereby forming planting pits of corresponding sizes within the soil. Simultaneously, due to… Several guide claw blocks 19 are arranged in a ring on the guide seat 18, so that the planting space can be evenly spread around the center of the crop. Then, the crop is transported downward through the guide slot 17, so that the crop enters the planting area formed by the guide claw blocks 19 along the guide slot 17, and the soil covering device 3 completes the soil covering treatment. Through the above structure, during the planting of crops in saline-alkali land, the planting depth can be actively adjusted by the guide layering unit, so that the crop can be in the corresponding growth layer according to different soil environments, avoiding the problem that traditional equipment can only plant at a fixed depth. At the same time, the planting pit is formed by the synchronous movement of several guide claw blocks 19, making the pit formation process more stable and reducing the depth deviation caused by manual digging. This allows subsequent fertilizers, alkali adjusters and salt-suppressing materials to act more accurately near the crop roots, improving the effect of saline-alkali land improvement.

[0070] The rotation direction adjustment device in this embodiment is disposed on the actuating block 7; the rotation direction adjustment device is used to complete fertilization, alkali adjustment, and salt suppression operations around the crop roots; the rotation direction adjustment device includes a first rotating groove 8 disposed at the bottom of the actuating block 7; a rotating ring 9 is fitted and connected in the first rotating groove 8; the rotating ring 9 and the first rotating groove 8 are rotatably engaged; rotating base blocks 10 are installed on the rotating ring 9; a plurality of rotating base blocks 10 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the center of the rotating ring 9. A set of rotating base blocks 10 are connected together by a first toothed ring 11; a limiting cylinder 21 is installed on the rotating base block 10; a limiting cylinder 22 is fitted inside the limiting cylinder 21; the limiting cylinder 22 and the limiting cylinder 21 are in sliding fit; a storage cavity 23 is set inside the limiting cylinder 22; a connecting pipe 24 is installed on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 22; the connecting pipe 24 is connected to the storage cavity 23; an A valve is provided inside the connecting pipe 24; the connecting pipe 24 is connected to the corresponding one of them. A storage bin 16 is connected; a pressure sensor 25 is connected to the bottom surface of the limiting cylinder 21; a limiting spring 26 is disposed inside the limiting cylinder 21; one end of the limiting spring 26 is fixedly connected to the limiting cylinder 22, and the other end is connected to the pressure sensor 25; a limiting seat 27 is installed on the limiting cylinder 22; a limiting rotating block 28 is movably connected inside the limiting seat 27; a second drive source 29 is connected to the side wall of the limiting seat 27; the output end of the second drive source 29 is connected to the limiting rotating block. Block 28 is connected; nozzle 30 is installed on the limiting rotating block 28; transfer hose 31 is connected at one end to nozzle 30 and at the other end to limiting cylinder 22; transfer hose 31 is connected to storage cavity 23; valve B is provided inside transfer hose 31; third drive source 32 is installed on top of actuating block 7; a rotating gear 33 is connected to the output end of third drive source 32; rotating gear 33 is located at bottom of actuating block 7; rotating gear 33 meshes with first gear ring 11;

[0071] After the crop is planted in layers, fertilization, alkali adjustment, and salt suppression are applied around the crop roots using a rotating device mounted on the actuator block 7. During operation, several storage bins 16 are fixedly installed on the mobile frame 1, with the number of bins corresponding to the number of rotating base blocks 10. This allows raw materials with different functions to be stored separately in their respective bins 16. One bin 16 stores fertilizer, one bin 16 stores salt suppression materials, and one bin 16 stores alkali adjustment materials, thus preventing interference from pre-mixed materials. During spraying, the corresponding raw materials in each bin 16 are transported to their respective locations via connecting pipes 24. The storage chamber 23 on the limiting cylinder 22 allows the fixed-position storage box 16 to continuously supply raw materials to the rotating nozzle 30. When the equipment performs fertilization, alkali adjustment, and salt suppression operations, the third drive source 32 starts and drives the rotating gear 33 to rotate. Since the rotating gear 33 meshes with the first gear ring 11, the first gear ring 11 drives multiple rotating base blocks 10 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the limiting cylinder 21, limiting cylinder 22, limiting seat 27, and nozzle 30 installed on the rotating base block 10 to rotate around the crop roots. The raw materials in the storage box 16 are transported to the storage chamber 23 through the connecting pipe 24, and further enter the nozzle 30 through the transfer hose 31. Within 0, the spray is ultimately delivered to the area around the crop roots by the nozzle 30. Furthermore, as the rotating base block 10 drives the nozzle 30 to rotate around the crop roots, the second drive source 29 drives the limiting rotating block 28 to rotate, allowing the nozzle 30 mounted on the limiting rotating block 28 to adjust its angle. This changes the direction of the spray, ensuring the spray area covers different areas around the crop roots, preventing damage such as burning of the seedlings caused by spraying the raw material directly onto the roots, and improving the equipment's effectiveness. Simultaneously, by controlling the third drive source 32 to rotate in both directions, the first toothed ring 11 drives the rotating ring 9 to reciprocate, causing multiple nozzles 30 to continuously rotate alternately around the crop roots in both forward and reverse directions. The rotating base block 10 avoids continuous twisting and entanglement of the connecting pipe 24 due to a fixed rotation direction, thus improving the stability of raw material transportation. Through the above structure, fertilizers, alkali-regulating materials, and salt-suppressing materials can be stored independently and transported to the corresponding nozzles 30 according to different needs. The rotating base block 10 drives multiple nozzles 30 to spray around the crop roots in an all-round manner. Compared with the traditional fixed discharge port direct release method, it can expand the range of material action, so that different materials are evenly distributed around the roots, avoiding excessive concentration of materials in local areas that would cause soil nutrient imbalance. At the same time, it avoids the premature mixing of different materials that would reduce the functional effect, thereby improving the effect of alkali regulation, salt suppression, and fertilization in saline-alkali land.This allows the material to be evenly distributed around the crop roots, avoiding localized accumulation that leads to excessively high concentrations of nutrients and alkali-regulating and salt-suppressing materials while other areas are undersupplied. This improves waste utilization and soil salinity regulation, enhancing the overall fertilization and improvement effect of the equipment and reducing its limitations in actual use.

[0072] It is worth mentioning that during the operation of the equipment, the raw materials inside the storage bin 16 enter the storage chamber 23 through the connecting pipe 24. Since the storage chamber 23 is located inside the limiting cylinder 22, the weight change of the raw materials entering the storage chamber 23 can drive the limiting cylinder 22 to move up and down along the limiting cylinder 21. When the raw materials enter the storage chamber 23, the limiting cylinder 22 moves downward under the action of weight, compressing the limiting spring 26 located inside the limiting cylinder 21, causing the pressure sensor 25 to experience pressure changes. The pressure sensor 25 then monitors the changes in pressure in real time. The pressure value of the limit cylinder 22 is detected to determine the amount of raw material entering the storage chamber 23. When the preset weight is reached, the opening status of valve A in the connecting pipe 24 and valve B in the transfer hose 31 is controlled to achieve corresponding spraying volume control, so that the raw material entering the nozzle 30 each time remains relatively stable. This allows control of the output of different materials, so that fertilizers, alkali-regulating materials and salt-suppressing materials can be applied accurately according to actual needs, avoiding excessive spraying that wastes resources or insufficient spraying that reduces the improvement effect, and further improving the use effect of the equipment.

[0073] In this embodiment, the actuating block 7 is provided with a centering and positioning component; the centering and positioning component includes a second rotating groove 12, which is disposed on the top of the actuating block 7; a rotating block 13, which is fitted into the second rotating groove 12; the rotating block 13 and the second rotating groove 12 are rotatably engaged; several rotating blocks 13 are connected together to a second gear ring 14; a first gear 34 is connected to the bottom of the actuating block 7; the first gear 34 meshes with the first gear ring 11; a second gear 35 is connected to the top of the actuating block 7; the second gear 35 is coaxially connected with the first gear 34; the second gear 35 meshes with the inner wall of the second gear ring 14; a third gear 36 is installed on the top of the actuating block 7; the third gear 36 meshes with the second gear ring 14; and the third gear 36 meshes with the second gear ring 14. The outer walls of ring 14 mesh with each other; several third gears 36 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the second gear ring 14 as the center; a positioning gear 37 is installed on the third gear 36; a positioning base 38 is installed on the top of the actuating block 7; a positioning slide rail 39 is connected through to the positioning base 38; the positioning slide rail 39 and the positioning base 38 are in sliding fit; a positioning tooth frame 40 is connected to the positioning slide rail 39; the positioning gear 37 is located inside the positioning tooth frame 40, and the two mesh with each other; a bent rod 41 is installed on the positioning tooth frame 40; a limit plate 42 is installed on the bent rod 41; a buffer rubber pad 43 is connected to the limit plate 42; and a guide claw block 19 is located on the moving path of the buffer rubber pad 43.

[0074] When the third drive source 32 drives the first gear ring 11 to rotate, the first gear ring 11 simultaneously drives the first gear 34 to rotate. Since the first gear 34 and the second gear 35 are coaxially connected, the second gear 35 rotates synchronously, causing the second gear ring 14 meshing with it to rotate. During the rotation of the second gear ring 14, it further drives the third gear 36 to rotate. Since the third drive source 32 in the equipment can rotate in both directions, the third gear 36 rotates synchronously, thereby driving the positioning gear 37 to continuously change its rotation direction, causing the positioning gear frame 40 meshing with the positioning gear 37 to move back and forth along the positioning slide rail 39. When moving, the bending rod 41 and the limiting plate 42 move synchronously closer to or further away from the center position, so that the buffer rubber pad 43 set on the limiting plate 42 continuously detects the position status of the guide claw block 19. Through the above structure, when the guide claw block 19 shifts position due to long-term use, the position feedback generated when the buffer rubber pad 43 contacts the guide claw block 19 can detect the status of the guide claw block 19. This allows the equipment to detect the position change of the digging mechanism in time, avoid the problem of inconsistent digging dimensions at different depths caused by the shift of the guide claw block 19, improve the equipment's performance, and reduce its limitations in actual use.

[0075] In this embodiment, a transmission and control self-cleaning module is provided on the limiting rotating block 28. The transmission and control self-cleaning module includes a first base 44, which is mounted on the limiting rotating block 28; a brake gear 45, which is connected to the first base 44; a third gear ring 46, which is mounted on the side wall of the limiting square base 27; the third gear ring 46 is coaxial with the center of the output end of the second drive source 29; the third gear ring 46 meshes with the brake gear 45; a first bevel gear 47, which is connected to the brake gear 45; a second base 48, which is mounted on the first base 44; a brake cam 49 is connected to one side of the second base 48, and a second bevel gear 50 is connected to the other side: the second bevel gear 50 meshes with the first bevel gear 47; the brake cam... Wheel 49 is coaxially connected to the second bevel gear 50; a brake groove 51 is provided on the second base 48; a brake slide pin 52 is connected inside the brake groove 51; a brake plate 53 is fitted inside the brake groove 51, and the two are in sliding engagement; the brake plate 53 and the brake slide pin 52 are connected through each other, and the two are in sliding engagement; a brake spring 54 is sleeved on the brake slide pin 52; one end of the brake spring 54 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface inside the brake groove 51, and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake plate 53; the brake plate 53 is located on the rotation path of the outer wall of the brake cam 49; a brush body 55 is installed on the brake plate 53: the output end surface of the nozzle 30 is located on the movement path of the brush body 55;

[0076] To prevent the nozzles 30 from being contaminated by soil particles, salt crystals, and other impurities during operation in saline-alkali land, thus ensuring smooth spraying, this equipment is equipped with a transmission and control self-cleaning module on the limiting rotating block 28. When it is necessary to adjust the spray angle of the nozzles 30, the second drive source 29 drives the limiting rotating block 28 to rotate, causing the nozzles 30 mounted on the limiting rotating block 28 to simultaneously change their spray direction. During the rotation of the limiting rotating block 28, the third toothed ring 46 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the limiting seat 27, and the third toothed ring 46 and the limiting seat 27 remain relatively fixed. Therefore, the brake gear 45 mounted on the first base 44 revolves around the third gear ring 46 with the limiting rotating block 28; since the brake gear 45 meshes with the third gear ring 46, it is constrained by the tooth surface of the third gear ring 46 during the revolution, causing the brake gear 45 to rotate simultaneously; when the brake gear 45 rotates, it drives the first bevel gear 47 connected to it to rotate synchronously, and since the first bevel gear 47 meshes with the second bevel gear 50, the second bevel gear 50 drives the brake cam 49 coaxially connected to it to rotate; as the brake cam 49 holds... As the nozzle continues to rotate, its outer wall periodically pushes the brake plate 53 located in the brake groove 51, causing the brake plate 53 to reciprocate along the direction of the brake groove 51. During the movement, the brake spring 54 is compressed or released, keeping the brake plate 53 in a stable reciprocating motion state. Since the brush body 55 is installed on the brake plate 53, the brush body 55 moves synchronously with the brake plate 53 and acts on the output end surface of the nozzle 30 to reciprocate and clean the soil particles and salt crystals attached to the end of the nozzle 30. Through the above structure, the nozzle 30 can perform angular... During the adjustment process, the mechanical transmission generated by the rotation of the limit block 28 can be used to achieve synchronous cleaning of the output end of the nozzle 30 by the brush body 55 without the need for an additional independent power source. At the same time, since the third toothed ring 46 is fixedly set and the brake gear 45 rotates by its revolution, the cleaning action can be continuously carried out as the nozzle 30 angle is adjusted, thereby reducing the probability of the nozzle 30 becoming clogged due to long-term contact with saline-alkali soil, ensuring that fertilizer, alkali-regulating materials and salt-suppressing materials can be sprayed stably, improving the reliability of continuous operation of the equipment and the effect of saline-alkali land improvement.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stratified fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land, comprising a mobile frame; characterized in that: The mobile frame is equipped with a trencher on one side and a soil coverer on the other side; the mobile frame is equipped with a guide layering unit for planting crops at different soil depths; the guide layering unit includes a support plate, which is installed on the mobile frame. Guide cylinder, connected to the bottom of the support plate; A guide block is connected through the guide cylinder to the side near the support plate; the guide block and the guide cylinder are in sliding engagement. The actuating circular block is mounted on the guide block; A rotational adjustment device is disposed on an actuating circular block; the rotational adjustment device is used to complete fertilization, alkali adjustment, and salt suppression operations around the crop roots; the rotational adjustment device includes a first rotating groove disposed at the bottom of the actuating circular block; The rotating ring is fitted into the first rotating groove; the rotating ring and the first rotating groove are in rotational engagement. A rotating base block is mounted on a rotating ring; several rotating base blocks are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the rotating ring as the center; several rotating base blocks are connected together to a first toothed ring; The actuator is provided with a centering and positioning component; the centering and positioning component includes a second rotating groove, which is disposed on the top of the actuator. A rotating block is fitted into the second rotating groove; the rotating block and the second rotating groove are rotatably engaged; several rotating blocks are connected together to a second toothed ring.

2. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a telescopic cylinder, mounted on a support plate; the output end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to a guide block. A storage bin is installed on a mobile frame; the storage bin is connected to the top of a support plate; the number of storage bins corresponds to the number of rotating base blocks. A guide slot is provided at the center of the top of the actuating block; the crop passes through the guide slot; the guide slot is coaxial with the center of the second toothed ring and the first toothed ring.

3. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes guide seats, installed at the bottom of the actuating block; several guide seats are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the actuating block as the center; The guide claw blocks are movably connected within the guide seat; several guide claw blocks are initially clustered together; the second toothed ring and the second rotating groove are both located within the area enclosed by the several guide claw blocks; The first drive source is connected to the side of the guide seat; the output end of the first drive source is connected to the guide claw block.

4. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a limiting cylinder, mounted on the rotating base block; A limiting cylinder is fitted and connected inside a limiting cylindrical tube; the limiting cylinder and the limiting cylindrical tube are in sliding fit. The storage cavity is located inside the limiting cylinder; A connecting pipe is installed on the outer wall of the limiting cylinder; the connecting pipe is connected to the storage cavity; an A valve is provided inside the connecting pipe; the connecting pipe is connected to one of the corresponding storage tanks.

5. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Includes a pressure sensor, connected to the bottom surface of the limiting cylinder; A limiting spring is installed inside a limiting cylinder; one end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to the limiting cylinder, and the other end is connected to a pressure sensor. A limiting square seat is installed on a limiting cylinder; The limit switch block is movably connected within the limit switch seat; The second drive source is connected to the side wall of the limiting seat; the output end of the second drive source is connected to the limiting rotating block. The nozzle is mounted on the limit switch block; The transfer hose is connected at one end to the nozzle and at the other end to the limiting cylinder; the transfer hose is connected to the storage cavity; and a B valve is provided inside the transfer hose.

6. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a third drive source, which is installed on the top of the actuating block; a rotating gear is connected to the output end of the third drive source; the rotating gear is located at the bottom of the actuating block; the rotating gear meshes with the first gear ring.

7. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a first gear connected to the bottom of the actuating block; the first gear meshes with a first gear ring; The second gear is connected to the top of the actuating block; the second gear is coaxially connected to the first gear; the second gear meshes with the inner wall of the second gear ring; The third gear is installed on the top of the actuating block; the third gear meshes with the outer wall of the second gear ring; a plurality of third gears are arranged in a ring at equal intervals with the center of the second gear ring as the center; The positioning gear is mounted on the third gear.

8. The stratified fertilization equipment for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali adjustment and salt suppression as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Includes a positioning base, installed on the top of the actuating block; A positioning slide rail is connected through the positioning base; the positioning slide rail is slidably engaged with the positioning base; A positioning toothed frame is connected to a positioning slide rail; the positioning gear is located inside the positioning toothed frame, and the two mesh with each other; A bent rod is mounted on a positioning toothed frame; a limiting plate is installed on the bent rod; a buffer rubber pad is connected to the limiting plate; and a guide claw block is located on the moving path of the buffer rubber pad.

9. A layered fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali-regulating and salt-suppressing properties according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting rotating block is provided with a transmission and control self-cleaning module; the transmission and control self-cleaning module includes a first base, which is installed on the limiting rotating block; Brake gear, connected to the first base; The third toothed ring is installed on the side wall of the limiting seat; the center of the third toothed ring is coaxial with the output end of the second drive source; the third toothed ring meshes with the brake gear; The first bevel gear is connected to the brake gear; A second base is mounted on the first base; a brake cam is connected to one side of the second base, and a second bevel gear is connected to the other side: the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear; the brake cam is coaxially connected with the second bevel gear.

10. A layered fertilization device for crops in saline-alkali land with alkali-regulating and salt-suppressing properties according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second base is provided with a brake groove; a brake rod is connected in the brake groove; a brake plate is fitted in the brake groove and the two slide together; the brake plate and the brake rod are connected through each other and slide together; a brake spring is sleeved on the brake rod; one end of the brake spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the brake groove and the other end is fixedly connected to the brake plate; the brake plate is located on the rotation path of the outer wall of the brake cam; a brush is installed on the brake plate: the output end surface of the nozzle is located on the moving path of the brush.

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