A multifunctional sugarcane harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional sugarcane harvester, and relates to the field of sugarcane harvesters, which comprises a harvester main body, a caterpillar chassis symmetrically arranged on the lower bottom surface of the harvester main body, a main support frame fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the harvester main body, a cutter disc adjusting frame arranged at the middle position of the main support frame, and a harvesting mechanism installed at the bottom of the cutter disc adjusting frame and used for cutting the root part of sugarcane. The harvesting mechanism comprises a first driving part, the first driving part is installed at the bottom of the cutter disc adjusting frame and extends to the outside of the harvester main body, and a profiled floating cutter disc is arranged at the output end of the lower bottom surface of the first driving part. The small and light caterpillar chassis is matched with a remote control operation structure, the whole machine is small in size and flexible in turning, can enter narrow row spacing and small-area sugarcane fields for operation, and can be remotely controlled by personnel without random driving and riding, far away from operation dust, noise and sugarcane leaf scratching risks. Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional sugarcane harvester improves the operation efficiency and safety of sugarcane harvesting in hilly small plots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to sugarcane harvester technology, specifically to a multi-functional sugarcane harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Sugarcane harvesters are field operations machinery specifically designed for sugarcane harvesting. They mainly perform functions such as cutting, straightening, and laying sugarcane stalks. Based on their walking structure, they can be divided into two main categories: wheeled and tracked. Based on their working width and production capacity, they can be divided into large combine harvesters and small harvesting machinery. They can effectively replace manual harvesting and improve sugarcane harvesting efficiency, making them an indispensable and important agricultural equipment in the sugarcane planting industry.

[0003] Existing sugarcane harvesters are mostly large combined models, with a bulky overall structure and a large turning radius, making it difficult to operate in small plots and narrow-row sugarcane fields in the hilly areas of southern China, thus limiting their applicability. Most wheeled harvesters have high ground pressure, which can easily crush sugarcane stubble and damage ratoons during operation, directly affecting the yield and growth of sugarcane the following year. At the same time, traditional models generally require operators to operate them, resulting in high dust levels, a high risk of sugarcane leaf abrasion, poor operational safety, and high labor costs. Some models use hydraulic transmission systems, which have complex structures, many failure points, are prone to oil leaks, and have high maintenance costs. They also have poor maneuverability in complex terrains such as mud, steep slopes, and ditches, making them prone to getting stuck or overturning. Their overall functional structure is limited, making it difficult to adapt to the complex and diverse field conditions and the harvesting needs of individual farmers, causing many inconveniences to sugarcane harvesting operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional sugarcane harvester to solve the problems of existing sugarcane harvesters, such as large size, poor adaptability, easy damage to rootstocks, poor safety due to the need for manual operation, frequent hydraulic structure failures, and high maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-functional sugarcane harvester, comprising a harvester body, wherein a tracked chassis is symmetrically arranged on the lower bottom surface of the harvester body;

[0006] A main support frame is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the harvester body. A cutter head adjustment frame is set at the middle position of the main support frame. A harvesting mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame for cutting the sugarcane roots.

[0007] The harvesting mechanism includes a first drive unit, which is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame and extends to the outside of the harvester body. A contoured floating cutter head is provided at the output end of the lower bottom surface of the first drive unit, and a plurality of harvesting cutter heads are installed on the edge of the lower bottom surface of the contoured floating cutter head.

[0008] A horizontal support frame is fixedly installed on the top of the main support frame. A triangular positioning plate is fixedly installed on one side of the horizontal support frame to the outside of the harvester body. Several drive sprockets are rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the triangular positioning plate. A driven chain is sleeved on the outer surface of the drive sprocket. Several teeth are provided at the bottom of the driven chain. A second drive unit is provided on the top of the drive sprocket extending to the upper surface of the triangular positioning plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a protective cover is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter head adjusting frame near the bottom. The protective cover is located on the outer surface of the first driving part and has a hollow cylindrical structure.

[0010] Furthermore, positioning comb plates are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the contour floating cutter disc, and one end of the positioning comb plate is provided with several tooth grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the triangular positioning disk has an isosceles triangular cross-section, and the number of drive sprockets is three, with the drive sprockets positioned near the corners of the triangular positioning disk.

[0012] Furthermore, the contour floating cutter head and the triangular positioning disk are arranged on the same side, with the triangular positioning disk located directly above the contour floating cutter head.

[0013] Furthermore, the front end face of the harvester body is provided with a sugarcane lifter, the bottom of the front end face of the sugarcane lifter is provided with a dividing tip, and spiral sugarcane lifters are inclinedly provided on both sides of the sugarcane lifter, with an electric control driver installed at the end of the spiral sugarcane lifter.

[0014] Furthermore, a controller and a power supply are provided at the tail of the harvester body, and the sugarcane lifter, the first drive unit, and the second drive unit are all electrically connected to the controller and the power supply.

[0015] Furthermore, a floating hinge structure is provided between the contour-following floating cutter head and the first drive unit, which can adaptively float up and down according to the field terrain, and the floating adjustment range of the cutting height is ±20mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the multifunctional sugarcane harvester provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention adopts a small and lightweight tracked chassis with a remote control operation structure. The whole machine is compact and flexible in turning, and can enter sugarcane fields with narrow row spacing and small area. Personnel can operate it remotely without having to ride it, avoiding the risks of dust, noise and sugarcane leaf scratches. Compared with the existing technology, it improves the efficiency and safety of sugarcane harvesting in small hilly plots.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a low-voltage grounded tracked chassis combined with a contour-following floating cutter head structure. The track grounding pressure is uniform, making it less likely to crush and damage the sugarcane stubble and ratoon buds. The cutter head can adaptively float with the terrain, maintaining a stable cutting height and a smooth cut, which is conducive to the germination of ratoons the following year. Compared with the existing technology, this invention improves the quality of sugarcane harvesting and the efficiency of ratoon protection.

[0019] 3. This invention adopts a fully electric drive structure, with no hydraulic system and no oil leakage, fewer failure points, simple maintenance, and low energy consumption cost. Combined with the tracked walking structure, it can adapt to various complex terrains such as mud, steep slopes, and ditches, and has strong all-terrain passability. Compared with the existing technology, it improves the operational reliability of the equipment and the efficiency of adapting to complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tracked chassis structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main support frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head adjusting bracket structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal support frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the active sprocket structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the contour-following floating cutter head structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the harvesting blade structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Harvester body; 2. Sugarcane lifter; 3. Tracked chassis; 4. Main support frame; 5. Cutter head adjustment frame; 6. First drive unit; 7. Contour floating cutter head; 8. Harvesting cutter head; 9. Horizontal support frame; 10. Triangular positioning plate; 11. Drive sprocket; 12. Driven chain; 13. Gear teeth; 14. Second drive unit; 15. Protective cover; 16. Positioning comb plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8 As shown:

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This invention provides a multi-functional sugarcane harvester, including a harvester body 1, and a tracked chassis 3 symmetrically arranged on the lower bottom surface of the harvester body 1;

[0035] A main support frame 4 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the harvester body 1. A cutter head adjustment frame 5 is set at the middle position of the main support frame 4. A harvesting mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame 5 for cutting the sugarcane roots.

[0036] The harvesting mechanism includes a first drive unit 6, which is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame 5 and extends to the outside of the harvester body 1. The first drive unit 6 is a drive motor. A contoured floating cutter head 7 is provided at the output end of the bottom surface of the first drive unit 6, and several harvesting cutter heads 8 are installed on the edge of the bottom surface of the contoured floating cutter head 7.

[0037] A horizontal support frame 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the main support frame 4. A triangular positioning plate 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the horizontal support frame 9 to the outside of the harvester body 1. Several drive sprockets 11 are rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the triangular positioning plate 10. A driven chain 12 is sleeved on the outer surface of the drive sprocket 11. Several teeth 13 are provided at the bottom of the driven chain 12. A second drive unit 14 is provided on the upper surface of the triangular positioning plate 10, and the second drive unit 14 is a self-locking servo motor.

[0038] A protective cover 15 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter head adjusting bracket 5 near the bottom. The protective cover 15 is located on the outer surface of the first drive part 6 and is a hollow cylindrical structure.

[0039] A positioning comb plate 16 is symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the contour floating cutter head 7, and a number of toothed grooves are opened at one end of the positioning comb plate 16.

[0040] The triangular positioning disk 10 has an isosceles triangular cross-section and three drive sprockets 11, which are located near the corners of the triangular positioning disk 10.

[0041] The contour floating cutter head 7 and the triangular positioning plate 10 are arranged on the same side, with the triangular positioning plate 10 located directly above the contour floating cutter head 7.

[0042] The front end of the harvester body 1 is provided with a sugarcane lifter 2, and the bottom of the front end of the sugarcane lifter 2 is provided with a dividing tip. Both sides of the sugarcane lifter 2 are provided with inclined spiral sugarcane lifters, and the ends of the spiral sugarcane lifters are equipped with electric control drivers.

[0043] The harvester body 1 is equipped with a controller and a power supply body at the tail end. The sugarcane lifter 2, the first drive unit 6, and the second drive unit 14 are all electrically connected to the controller and the power supply body.

[0044] A floating hinge structure is provided between the contour-following floating cutter head 7 and the first drive unit 6, which can adaptively float up and down according to the field terrain, and the floating adjustment range of the cutting height is ±20mm.

[0045] Working principle: First, the staff transports the entire machine to the edge of the sugarcane field to be harvested. The remote controller is used to establish a connection with the controller at the rear of the main body 1 of the harvester to complete the equipment's self-test. The main power supply provides power to all electrical components, including the sugarcane lifter 2, the first drive unit 6, and the second drive unit 14. The staff stands in a safe area at the edge of the field and remotely controls the tracked chassis 3 to start, driving the machine into the sugarcane field for operation. The tracked chassis 3 has a low ground pressure and bears pressure evenly during travel, preventing crushing of the old sugarcane roots and buds on both sides of the sugarcane ridges. At the same time, the tracked walking structure can travel stably in muddy fields, slopes, and field ridges and ditches, making it less likely to get stuck or overturn, and is suitable for the complex terrain of small hilly plots.

[0046] Next, as the equipment moves along the sugarcane ridge, the front-end sugarcane lifter 2 first contacts the sugarcane stalk. The dividing tip at the bottom of the sugarcane lifter 2 inserts into the soil surface between the ridges, separating the sugarcane stalks to be harvested from the adjacent rows, thus preventing the adjacent sugarcane stalks from being knocked down. The spiral sugarcane lifting rollers arranged at an angle on both sides of the sugarcane lifter 2 rotate in opposite directions under the drive of the end electric control driver. Relying on the lifting force of the spiral ridges, the fallen and tilted sugarcane is gradually lifted up from the root, guiding the sugarcane stalks to stand upright and be transported to the cutting station behind, thus improving the harvesting integrity of the fallen sugarcane.

[0047] Then, the sugarcane, which has been lifted up, enters the cutting area. The positioning comb plates 16 on both sides of the contour floating cutter head 7 first comb and limit the sugarcane stalks, keeping them upright and evenly distributed, and avoiding deviation and skew that would result in uneven cutting positions. The operator adjusts the vertical height of the cutter head adjustment frame 5 through the controller, presets the basic cutting height, and outputs torque after the first drive unit 6 is started, driving the contour floating cutter head 7 to rotate at high speed. The harvesting head 8 at the bottom rotates circumferentially with the cutter head, continuously cutting the sugarcane roots.

[0048] During the cutting process, the contour-following floating cutter head 7, through the floating hinge structure between itself and the first drive unit 6, adaptively floats up and down with the undulations of the field terrain. The floating adjustment of the cutting height is kept within ±20mm, so that the cutting height remains stable, ensuring a smooth sugarcane cut, reducing stubble damage, and reducing damage to underground ratoons, thus ensuring the germination and growth of sugarcane buds in the following year. The protective cover 15 is installed on the outside of the first drive unit 6 to prevent splashed mud, sugarcane leaves, and debris from entering the drive components during operation, reducing component wear and the risk of failure.

[0049] Next, the cut sugarcane stalks are conveyed backward to the laying position below the triangular positioning plate 10. After the second drive unit 14 is started, it drives the drive sprocket 11 to rotate. The three drive sprockets 11 arranged at the corners are tensioned and drive the driven chain 12 to circulate along the contour of the triangular positioning plate 10. The teeth 13 on the lower side of the driven chain 12 move synchronously with the chain, continuously agitating the cut sugarcane stalks. The sugarcane is neatly laid in the field along the side guide of the triangular positioning plate 10. The laying angle is regular, avoiding the sugarcane from piling up messily, which is convenient for subsequent manual bundling or mechanical collection and loading.

[0050] Finally, after harvesting a single row of sugarcane, the operator remotely controls the tracked chassis 3 to turn in place and move to the next row of sugarcane to continue working. The turning radius is small, eliminating the need for large-scale turns and preventing the machine from crushing adjacent rows of sugarcane. The entire machine adopts a fully electric drive structure with no hydraulic pipelines or components, resulting in no oil leakage during operation, fewer potential failure points, and no need to replace hydraulic oil or seals during routine maintenance. Modular components can be replaced individually if damaged, resulting in low maintenance costs. The entire process is remotely controlled, eliminating the need for operators to ride in the equipment, thus avoiding the risks of field dust, noise, and sugarcane leaf abrasion, ensuring high operational safety and reducing labor input.

[0051] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester, comprising a harvester body (1), characterized in that, The bottom surface of the harvester body (1) is symmetrically provided with a tracked chassis (3). A main support frame (4) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the upper surface of the main body (1) of the harvester. A cutter head adjustment frame (5) is provided at the middle position of the main support frame (4). A harvesting mechanism is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame (5) for cutting the sugarcane roots. The harvesting mechanism includes a first drive unit (6), which is installed at the bottom of the cutter head adjustment frame (5) and extends to the outside of the harvester body (1). A contoured floating cutter head (7) is provided at the output end of the bottom surface of the first drive unit (6), and a plurality of harvesting cutter heads (8) are installed on the edge of the bottom surface of the contoured floating cutter head (7). A horizontal support frame (9) is fixedly installed on the top of the main support frame (4). A triangular positioning plate (10) is fixedly installed on one side of the horizontal support frame (9) to the outside of the harvester body (1). Several drive sprockets (11) are rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the triangular positioning plate (10). A driven chain (12) is sleeved on the outer surface of the drive sprocket (11). Several teeth (13) are provided at the bottom of the driven chain (12). A second drive part (14) is provided on the top surface of the drive sprocket (11) extending to the upper surface of the triangular positioning plate (10).

2. The multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective cover (15) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the cutter head adjustment frame (5) near the bottom. The protective cover (15) is located on the outer surface of the first drive part (6). The protective cover (15) is a hollow cylindrical structure.

3. The multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour floating cutter disc (7) has a positioning comb plate (16) symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of its upper surface. The positioning comb plate (16) has several tooth grooves at one end.

4. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triangular positioning disk (10) has an isosceles triangular cross-section, and there are three drive sprockets (11). The drive sprockets (11) are located near the corner of the triangular positioning disk (10).

5. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour floating cutter head (7) and the triangular positioning disk (10) are arranged on the same side, with the triangular positioning disk (10) located directly above the contour floating cutter head (7).

6. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvester body (1) is provided with a sugarcane support (2) on the front end face. The bottom of the front end face of the sugarcane support (2) is provided with a splitting tip. Both sides of the sugarcane support (2) are provided with inclined spiral sugarcane support rollers. The ends of the spiral sugarcane support rollers are equipped with electric control drivers.

7. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The harvester body (1) is equipped with a controller and a power supply body at the tail end. The sugarcane lifter (2), the first drive unit (6), and the second drive unit (14) are all electrically connected to the controller and the power supply body.

8. A multi-functional sugarcane harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour-following floating cutter head (7) and the first drive unit (6) are provided with a floating hinge structure, which can adaptively float up and down according to the field terrain, and the floating adjustment of the cutting height is ±20mm.

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