Tree-planting heat preservation device for high-cold region

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tree-planting heat preservation, and discloses a high-cold-region tree-planting heat preservation device, which comprises a heat preservation shell body that is buried in planting soil, a tree root part is covered in the heat preservation shell body, a hollow cavity is arranged in the heat preservation shell body, phase change material is filled in the hollow cavity, a plurality of groups of flow guide mechanisms and a plurality of groups of ground grabbing mechanisms are arranged on the heat preservation shell body, the heat preservation shell body is in a cylindrical structure with a large upper cylinder opening and a small lower cylinder opening, a dark solar energy absorption coating is coated on the outer layer of the heat preservation shell body, the flow guide mechanism comprises a breathing hole arranged in the lower part of the heat preservation shell body, a filter screen fixedly installed in the breathing hole, a fixed cover fixedly installed on the heat preservation shell body, a fixed pipe fixedly inserted in the fixed cover, a flow guide cover arranged at the end of the fixed pipe and a drainage fan arranged in the flow guide cover. The purpose is to provide the high-cold-region tree-planting heat preservation device which can effectively maintain the soil temperature of the tree root area in the high-cold region above a safety threshold value and improve the survival rate of the tree root system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tree planting and insulation technology, specifically relating to a tree planting and insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude and cold regions (such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains, and Siberia) have extremely harsh climatic conditions, characterized by low average annual temperatures (usually below 0°C), extreme winter temperatures reaching below -40°C, short frost-free periods, large diurnal temperature variations, and frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Furthermore, the soil in these regions is often in a state of seasonal or perennial permafrost, with a thick frozen layer in winter and slow thawing in spring. Under these conditions, conventional tree planting methods face serious challenges: low winter temperatures directly cause frost damage to tree roots; frozen soil prevents roots from absorbing water, while continuous transpiration from the above-ground branches causes "physiological drought," i.e., dieback; repeated freeze-thaw cycles cause changes in soil volume, pulling the roots upwards (i.e., "frost-pulling"), leading to root exposure, drying, and death. These factors collectively result in generally low initial survival rates and overwintering survival rates for afforestation in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0003] Currently, common heat preservation and frost protection measures for tree planting in high-altitude and cold regions include covering the roots of seedlings with straw mats, stalks, or mulch, burying them with soil, or wrapping the base of the trunk with foam materials. While these simple measures can mitigate the direct impact of cold air to some extent, they generally suffer from drawbacks such as short-lived heat preservation, inability to actively regulate root zone temperature, and difficulty in coping with fluctuations in deep soil temperature. Some improved solutions have introduced active heating technologies such as electric heating wires or chemical heating packs; however, high-altitude and cold regions are often remote, with limited power supply, and long-term use of external energy is costly and inconvenient to maintain, making large-scale and sustainable application impossible. Therefore, how to effectively maintain the soil temperature in the root zone of trees in high-altitude and cold regions above a safe threshold while resisting frost damage, thereby significantly improving the survival rate of tree roots, has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a tree planting and insulation device that can effectively maintain the soil temperature in the root zone of trees in high-altitude and cold regions above a safe threshold and improve the survival rate of tree roots.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A tree planting insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions includes an insulation shell buried in the planting soil at the bottom, the insulation shell covering the tree roots inside, a hollow cavity opened inside the insulation shell, the hollow cavity being filled with a phase change material, and multiple sets of flow guiding mechanisms and multiple sets of ground gripping mechanisms being provided on the insulation shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the insulation shell is a cylindrical structure with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening, and the outer layer of the insulation shell is coated with a dark solar energy absorbing coating. This structural design, with the upper part of the insulation shell being larger than the lower part, facilitates the collection of hot air and rainwater, while the dark coating enhances solar energy absorption and improves heat storage efficiency.

[0008] Further specifying, the airflow guiding mechanism includes a vent located at the bottom of the insulation shell, a filter screen fixedly installed within the vent, a fixed cover fixedly installed on the insulation shell, a fixed tube fixedly inserted into the fixed cover, an airflow guide shroud at the end of the fixed tube, and an airflow fan installed within the airflow guide shroud. The fixed cover is located outside the insulation shell and covers the outside of the vent. This structural design allows the vent, in conjunction with the fan, to facilitate gas exchange between the inside and outside of the shell, the filter screen to prevent debris from entering, and the airflow duct design to actively regulate the temperature and humidity of the root zone.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the upper end of the air guide shroud, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket. The lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the air guide shroud and is fixedly connected to the airflow fan. A wind cup assembly is fixedly installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft. This structural design utilizes natural wind power to drive the wind cup assembly to rotate, thereby driving the fan to rotate, without requiring external power.

[0010] Furthermore, an annular baffle is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft between the fan cup assembly and the mounting bracket. The annular baffle is a spherical crown-shaped structure with a downward-pointing center. This structural design prevents rainwater and snowmelt from seeping down the shaft, avoids icing and jamming of the fan and bearings, and the spherical crown shape facilitates drainage and airflow.

[0011] Further specifying, the flow guide shroud and the fixed pipe are fixedly installed with a partition block. The partition block has a connecting groove that links the flow guide shroud and the fixed pipe. The partition block also has a sliding groove that laterally cuts off the connecting groove and a cylindrical groove connected to the end of the sliding groove. A heat-conducting cylinder with its opening connected to the cylindrical groove is fixedly installed on the partition block. A circular fixing plate is fixedly installed in the connecting groove, and the circular fixing plate has multiple strip-shaped openings. A sliding plate is slidably installed in the sliding groove, and the sliding plate has through-holes staggered from the multiple strip-shaped openings. A fixing column is fixedly installed at the end of the sliding plate near the heat-conducting cylinder. A movable block is fixedly installed at the end of the fixing column. The movable block is movably installed inside the heat-conducting cylinder. A shape memory alloy spring is fixedly installed between the movable block and the wall of the heat-conducting cylinder. With this structural design, the shape memory alloy spring senses the soil temperature and automatically drives the sliding plate to open and close the connecting groove, achieving temperature-adaptive airflow regulation without manual intervention.

[0012] Further specifying, the gripping mechanism includes a mounting block and an arc-shaped insert fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer side of the insulation shell. The mounting block has an arc-shaped slot and a receiving cavity communicating with the arc-shaped slot. The volume of the receiving cavity is much larger than the volume of the arc-shaped slot. One end of the arc-shaped insert has a pointed tip, and the other end has a piston fixedly installed. The piston is movably installed within the arc-shaped slot. The arc-shaped convex surface of the arc-shaped insert is close to the insulation shell. The receiving cavity is filled with water. With this structural design, when the soil freezes, the water expands upon freezing, pushing the piston and arc-shaped insert outwards to penetrate the frozen soil, forming a pull-out anchor.

[0013] Furthermore, the curved concave surface of the arc-shaped insert is provided with a unidirectional locking groove assembly, and the mounting block is provided with a locking member adapted to the unidirectional locking groove assembly. This structural design ensures that during the extension of the arc-shaped insert, the locking member and the unidirectional locking groove assembly are locked in one direction, preventing the insert from retracting due to vibration or partial melting, thus guaranteeing anchoring reliability.

[0014] Further specifying, the snap-fit ​​component includes a mounting block with a groove communicating with an arc-shaped slot. A movable locking block is movably mounted within the groove. A return spring is fixedly installed between the movable locking block and the groove wall. A pull rope is fixedly installed at the end of the movable locking block. A clearance groove is formed on the side of the mounting block away from the insulation shell. The end of the pull rope passes through the mounting block into the clearance groove. This structural design allows the arc-shaped insert to pass through in one direction when extended. When retraction is needed, pulling the pull rope disengages the movable locking block from the slot, allowing the insert to retract freely, facilitating transplantation or maintenance.

[0015] The invention employing the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. This invention achieves passive all-weather regulation of root zone temperature and humidity through the synergistic effect of phase change material filling the heat insulation shell and the flow guiding mechanism. The phase change material automatically stores and releases heat using the diurnal temperature difference, and the flow guiding mechanism promotes air micro-circulation with the help of wind. The two work together without any external energy, which can effectively prevent root freezing damage and mold, and greatly reduce the cost of manual inspection and maintenance. It is especially suitable for remote high-altitude afforestation areas without electricity.

[0017] 2. This invention integrates the ground gripping mechanism with the insulation shell into one unit. It utilizes the expansion of water due to soil freezing to drive the arc-shaped insert to automatically extend and anchor, transforming the originally harmful frost pull force into an active pull-out force, significantly improving the stability of the device in repeated freeze-thaw environments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the tree planting and insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to the present invention from another angle.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partition block portion in a tree planting and insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the partition block portion in a tree planting and insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to the present invention.

[0027] The symbols for the main components are explained below:

[0028] 1. Insulated shell; 11. Hollow cavity;

[0029] 2. Flow guiding mechanism;

[0030] 21. Breathing hole; 22. Filter screen; 23. Fixing cover; 24. Fixing tube;

[0031] 25. Draft shield; 251. Rotating shaft; 252. Air cup assembly; 253. Annular baffle;

[0032] 26. Drainage fan;

[0033] 27. Divider block;

[0034] 271. Communicating groove; 2711. Circular fixing plate; 272. Slide groove; 2721. Sliding plate; 2722. Movable block; 2723. Shape memory alloy spring;

[0035] 273. Cylindrical groove; 274. Heat-conducting cylinder;

[0036] 3. Grip mechanism; 31. Mounting block; 32. Arc-shaped insert; 33. Piston; 34. Movable locking block; 35. Return spring; 36. Pull rope. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0038] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions, comprising a heat preservation shell 1 buried in the planting soil at the bottom. The heat preservation shell 1 is composed of two symmetrical cylindrical halves, with a locking buckle at the joint of the two halves for easy assembly and disassembly. The heat preservation shell 1 covers the tree roots inside. A hollow cavity 11 is formed inside the heat preservation shell 1, which is filled with a phase change material (such as paraffin-based or inorganic salt hydrate-based material, with a phase change temperature set to +3℃ to +5℃). The heat preservation shell 1 is provided with multiple sets of flow guiding mechanisms 2 and multiple sets of ground gripping mechanisms 3. The heat preservation shell 1 has a cylindrical structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The outer layer of the heat preservation shell 1 is coated with a dark solar energy absorption coating. The large upper opening and small lower opening facilitate the collection of hot air and rainwater. The dark coating enhances solar energy absorption and improves heat storage efficiency.

[0041] The airflow guiding mechanism 2 includes a vent 21 opened at the lower part of the heat insulation shell 1, a filter screen 22 fixedly installed in the vent 21, a fixed cover 23 fixedly installed on the heat insulation shell 1, a fixed tube 24 fixedly inserted into the fixed cover 23, an airflow guiding cover 25 set at the end of the fixed tube 24, and an airflow guiding fan 26 set in the airflow guiding cover 25. The fixed cover 23 is located outside the heat insulation shell 1 and covers the outside of the vent 21.

[0042] A mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the upper end of the air guide shroud 25. A rotating shaft 251 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket. The lower end of the rotating shaft 251 extends into the air guide shroud 25 and is fixedly connected to the air intake fan 26. A transmission component connected to the rotating shaft 251 is also provided on the air guide shroud 25. A drive motor is provided at the end of the transmission component. A photovoltaic module and controller electrically connected to the drive motor are provided on the outside of the insulation shell 1. When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 251 is too low, the controller control circuit is turned on so that the rotating shaft 251 and the air intake fan can work normally. A wind cup assembly 252 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft 251. An annular baffle 253 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 251 between the wind cup assembly 252 and the mounting bracket. The annular baffle 253 is a spherical crown-shaped structure with a downward concave center, which can prevent rainwater and snow water from seeping down the shaft and avoid the fan and bearing from freezing and jamming. The spherical crown shape is conducive to drainage and guiding air to flow outward.

[0043] A partition block 27 is fixedly installed on the flow guide shroud 25 and the fixed pipe 24. The partition block 27 has a connecting groove 271 that connects the flow guide shroud 25 and the fixed pipe 24. The partition block 27 also has a sliding groove 272 that transversely cuts off the connecting groove 271 and a cylindrical groove 273 that connects to the end of the sliding groove 272. A heat-conducting cylinder 274 with its opening connected to the cylindrical groove 273 is fixedly installed on the partition block 27. A circular fixing plate 2711 is fixedly installed inside the connecting groove 271. Multiple strip-shaped openings are provided on the 11. A sliding plate 2721 is slidably installed in the slide groove 272. A through-hole is provided on the sliding plate 2721, which is staggered from the multiple strip-shaped openings. A fixed column is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding plate 2721 near the heat conduction cylinder 274. A movable block 2722 is fixedly installed at the end of the fixed column. The movable block 2722 is movably installed in the heat conduction cylinder 274. A memory alloy spring 2723 is fixedly installed between the movable block 2722 and the cylinder wall of the heat conduction cylinder 274.

[0044] The gripping mechanism 3 includes a mounting block 31 and an arc-shaped insert 32 fixedly installed on the outer side of the insulation shell 1 near the lower part. The mounting block 31 has an arc-shaped slot and a receiving cavity connected to the arc-shaped slot. The volume of the receiving cavity is much larger than the volume of the arc-shaped slot. One end of the arc-shaped insert 32 has a pointed tip, and the other end has a piston 33 fixedly installed. The piston 33 is movably installed in the arc-shaped slot. The arc-shaped convex surface of the arc-shaped insert 32 is close to the insulation shell 1. The receiving cavity is filled with water. A one-way slot group is provided on the arc-shaped concave surface of the arc-shaped insert 32. The mounting block 31 is provided with a snap-fit ​​component that is compatible with the one-way slot group.

[0045] The snap-fit ​​component includes a mounting block 31 with a groove that communicates with an arc-shaped slot. A movable snap-fit ​​block 34 is movably installed in the groove. A return spring 35 is fixedly installed between the movable snap-fit ​​block 34 and the groove wall. A pull rope 36 is fixedly installed at the end of the movable snap-fit ​​block 34. A clearance groove is provided on the side of the mounting block 31 away from the insulation shell 1. The end of the pull rope 36 passes through the mounting block 31 into the clearance groove.

[0046] The method of using this invention is as follows:

[0047] When using it, first dig a planting pit, bury the lower part of the insulation shell 1 into the soil, so that the breathing hole 21 of the flow guiding mechanism 2 is near the ground surface, and the ground gripping mechanism 3 is completely buried below the frozen soil layer. Then place the seedling roots inside the insulation shell 1. At this time, the arc-shaped cutting 32 is still in a contracted state.

[0048] During daily operation, as daytime temperatures rise, the phase change material absorbs heat, melts, and stores energy. At the same time, the memory alloy spring 2723 senses that the temperature is higher than +2℃ and opens the connecting slot 271. Natural wind (or electricity provided by photovoltaic modules) drives the wind cup assembly 252 to rotate, which in turn drives the drainage fan 26 to rotate. This transports the air inside the insulation shell 1 to the outside through the fixed cover 23 and the fixed pipe 24, allowing outside air to be exchanged into the insulation shell 1, thereby expelling CO2 and water vapor produced by the roots.

[0049] When the temperature drops at night or in winter, the phase change material solidifies and releases heat, making the root zone temperature higher than the ambient temperature. When the soil temperature is below +2℃, the memory alloy spring 2723 contracts and closes the connecting groove 271 to prevent cold air from entering the root zone soil.

[0050] When the soil freezes in winter, the water in the containment cavity freezes and expands, pushing the piston 33 and the arc-shaped insert 32 to extend and penetrate the surrounding frozen soil. The one-way slot group and the movable block 34 work together to lock the insert and prevent it from retracting. If transplanting or maintenance is required, the insulation shell 1 can be dug out as a whole, and then the pull rope 36 can be pulled to make the movable block 34 disengage from the slot, and the insert can be manually retracted.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tree planting insulation device for high-altitude and cold regions, comprising an insulation shell (1) buried in the planting soil at its lower part, wherein the insulation shell (1) covers the tree roots, characterized in that: The heat insulation shell (1) has a hollow cavity (11) inside, and the hollow cavity (11) is filled with phase change material. The heat insulation shell (1) is provided with multiple sets of flow guiding mechanisms (2) and multiple sets of ground gripping mechanisms (3).

2. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating shell (1) is a cylindrical structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, and the outer layer of the heat-insulating shell (1) is coated with a dark solar energy absorption coating.

3. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism (2) includes a breathing hole (21) opened at the lower part of the heat insulation shell (1), a filter screen (22) fixedly installed in the breathing hole (21), a fixed cover (23) fixedly installed on the heat insulation shell (1), a fixed tube (24) fixedly inserted into the fixed cover (23), a flow guiding cover (25) set at the end of the fixed tube (24), and a flow guiding fan (26) set in the flow guiding cover (25). The fixed cover (23) is located outside the heat insulation shell (1), and the fixed cover (23) covers the outside of the breathing hole (21).

4. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the flow guide (25) is fixedly mounted with a mounting bracket, and a rotating shaft (251) is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket. The lower end of the rotating shaft (251) extends into the flow guide (25) and is fixedly connected to the flow fan (26). A wind cup assembly (252) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the rotating shaft (251).

5. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular baffle (253) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (251) between the wind cup assembly (252) and the mounting bracket. The annular baffle (253) is a spherical crown-shaped structure with a downward-concave center.

6. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow guide (25) and the fixed pipe (24) are fixedly installed with a partition block (27). The partition block (27) has a connecting groove (271) that connects the flow guide (25) and the fixed pipe (24). The partition block (27) also has a sliding groove (272) that transversely cuts off the connecting groove (271) and a cylindrical groove (273) that connects to the end of the sliding groove (272). A heat-conducting cylinder (274) with its opening connected to the cylindrical groove (273) is fixedly installed on the partition block (27). A circular fixing plate (2711) is fixedly installed in the connecting groove (271). The fixed plate (2711) has multiple strip-shaped openings. A sliding plate (2721) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (272). The sliding plate (2721) has through openings that are staggered from the multiple strip-shaped openings. A fixed post is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding plate (2721) near the heat-conducting cylinder (274). A movable block (2722) is fixedly installed at the end of the fixed post. The movable block (2722) is movably installed inside the heat-conducting cylinder (274). A memory alloy spring (2723) is fixedly installed between the movable block (2722) and the cylinder wall of the heat-conducting cylinder (274).

7. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripping mechanism (3) includes a mounting block (31) and an arc-shaped insert (32) fixedly installed on the outside of the insulation shell (1) near the lower part. The mounting block (31) has an arc-shaped slot and a receiving cavity connected to the arc-shaped slot. The volume of the receiving cavity is much larger than the volume of the arc-shaped slot. One end of the arc-shaped insert (32) has a pointed tip, and the other end is fixedly installed with a piston (33). The piston (33) is movably installed in the arc-shaped slot. The arc-shaped convex surface of the arc-shaped insert (32) is close to the insulation shell (1). The receiving cavity is filled with water.

8. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc-shaped insert (32) has a one-way slot group on its arc-shaped concave surface, and the mounting block (31) is provided with a snap-fit ​​component that is compatible with the one-way slot group.

9. The tree planting and heat preservation device for high-altitude and cold regions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​component includes a mounting block (31) with a groove communicating with an arc-shaped slot. A movable snap-fit ​​block (34) is movably installed in the groove. A return spring (35) is fixedly installed between the movable snap-fit ​​block (34) and the groove wall. A pull rope (36) is fixedly installed at the end of the movable snap-fit ​​block (34). A clearance groove is provided on the side of the mounting block (31) away from the insulation shell (1). The end of the pull rope (36) passes through the mounting block (31) into the clearance groove.

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