A pig feed additive, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a pig feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pig breeding. The pig feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 16-28% of moringa oleifera leaves, 15-25% of perilla, 10-16% of lemon grass, 8-15% of galangal, 5-15% of licorice, 5-12% of eucommia ulmoides and 3-8% of dried tangerine or orange peel. The pig feed additive is scientifically compounded, can realize the synchronous increase of the slaughter rate and intramuscular fat content of fattening pigs through the synergistic effect of multiple pathways and multiple targets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pig breeding technology, and particularly relates to a pig feed additive, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Pork is the primary source of animal protein. With rising living standards, market demands for pork quality have shifted from simply increasing yield to prioritizing both flavor and texture. Intramuscular fat content is a key factor determining pork tenderness, juiciness, and marbling, directly impacting the consumer's eating experience. Dressing percentage is a core economic indicator reflecting the efficiency of pig meat production. Both factors jointly determine farming profitability and market competitiveness. However, in modern farming, the pursuit of a high lean meat percentage often leads to a decrease in intramuscular fat content, resulting in drier meat and poorer flavor. Therefore, how to increase intramuscular fat deposition while improving dressing percentage has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of pig feed additives.

[0003] In recent years, the development of functional feed additives using natural plant resources has become a research hotspot. Moringa leaves, as an emerging woody plant resource, are rich in protein, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and various minerals, and have been proven to possess biological activities such as antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. It has been reported that adding moringa leaves to the diets of fattening pigs can increase serum antioxidant enzyme activity and improve pork flavor. However, current technologies for the application of moringa leaves lack systematic component screening and scientific formulation. Its effects on regulating intramuscular fat deposition and slaughter performance are still unstable, and its function is singular, making it difficult to simultaneously improve slaughter rate and meat quality.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a pig feed additive based on Moringa leaves, which can fully utilize the nutritional and functional advantages of Moringa leaves through reasonable component matching and ratio optimization, thereby effectively increasing intramuscular fat content while improving slaughter rate, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, a pig feed additive, its preparation method, and its application are provided. The raw materials for preparing this pig feed additive include a certain amount of Moringa leaves, Perilla, Lemongrass, and other components. Through scientific formulation and synergistic effects of multiple pathways and targets, the slaughter rate and intramuscular fat content are simultaneously improved.

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pig feed additive, the raw materials of which, by weight percentage, include 16-28% Moringa leaves, 15-25% Perilla frutescens, 10-16% Lemongrass, 8-15% Alpinia officinarum, 5-15% Licorice, 5-12% Eucommia ulmoides and 3-8% Citrus reticulata peel.

[0007] All of the above-mentioned raw materials are either food or medicinal, thus ensuring safety. Moringa leaves are widely available, inexpensive, and rich in protein, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and other components. Perilla can promote the metabolism and nutrient deposition of pigs. Lemongrass can regulate the intestinal health of pigs and has antioxidant effects. Galangal can promote digestion. Licorice contains active components such as licorice polysaccharides. Eucommia can regulate the metabolism of fat and muscle fibers in pigs. Tangerine peel contains active ingredients such as hesperidin. The various raw materials interact with each other within the above-mentioned dosage range to achieve a simultaneous increase in the slaughter rate and intramuscular fat content of pigs.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials for preparation, by weight percentage, include: 20-28% Moringa leaves, 20-25% Perilla frutescens, 12-16% Lemongrass, 10-15% Alpinia officinarum, 10-13% Licorice, 8-12% Eucommia ulmoides, and 5-8% Citrus reticulata peel.

[0009] More preferably, the raw materials for preparation include, by weight percentage: 24% Moringa leaves, 22% Perilla frutescens, 14% Lemongrass, 13% Alpinia officinarum, 11% Licorice, 10% Eucommia ulmoides and 6% Citrus reticulata peel.

[0010] By optimizing the relative amounts of each raw material within a suitable range, their interaction can be facilitated, achieving the optimal result of high slaughter rate and high intramuscular fat content.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned pig feed additive, comprising the following steps: drying and pulverizing the raw materials to obtain the pig feed additive.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the powder obtained from the pulverizing step is 50-200 mesh.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned pig feed additive in the preparation of pig feed.

[0014] Preferably, the pig feed is fattening pig feed.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a pig feed comprising the above-mentioned pig feed additives.

[0016] Preferably, the amount of the pig feed additive is 0.5 to 3% of the pig feed by weight percentage.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a pig with high dressing percentage and high intramuscular fat content, obtained by the following breeding method: pigs that have reached a weight of 50-75 kg are continued to be fed the above-mentioned pig feed for 60-80 days. Preferably, the breeding method is: pigs that have reached a weight of 50-60 kg are continued to be fed the above-mentioned pig feed for 70-80 days.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The pig feed additive of this invention is safe, has a wide range of raw material sources, and is low in cost. It is also rich in protein, sugar and other components. Through the scientific formulation of various raw materials, it can achieve a high slaughter rate (over 78%) and high intramuscular fat content (up to 5%) for fattening pigs, thus achieving both breeding efficiency and market competitiveness. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0022] Pig feed additives:

[0023] The moringa leaves, perilla leaves, lemongrass, galangal, licorice, eucommia bark, and dried tangerine peel used are all dried materials.

[0024] The feed additive for the experimental group of pigs consisted of 24% Moringa leaves, 22% Perilla frutescens, 14% Lemongrass, 13% Alpinia officinarum, 11% Licorice, 10% Eucommia ulmoides, and 6% Tangerine peel by weight percentage.

[0025] The pig feed additive in control group 1 had a lower content of perilla. By weight percentage, it consisted of 36% moringa leaves, 10% perilla, 14% lemongrass, 13% galangal, 11% licorice, 10% eucommia, and 6% dried tangerine peel.

[0026] The pig feed additive in control group 2 had a lower lemongrass content and, by weight percentage, consisted of 33% moringa leaves, 22% perilla leaves, 5% lemongrass, 13% galangal, 11% licorice, 10% eucommia bark, and 6% dried tangerine peel.

[0027] Pig feed:

[0028] The basic diet was formulated according to the nutritional requirements of fattening pigs recommended by NRC (2012) and the nutritional requirements of fattening pigs in the "Standards for Pig Feeding" (NY / T65-2004). The composition and nutritional level of the raw materials are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1: Raw material composition and nutrient level of the basal diet

[0030]

[0031] The feed additives for the experimental group, control group 1, and control group 2 were added to the basal diet at a rate of 2 wt% to obtain the pig feeds for the experimental group, control group 1, and control group 2, respectively. The basal diet was used as the control group pig feed.

[0032] Breeding methods and experimental methods:

[0033] Twenty-eight fattening pigs (three-way crossbred pigs) weighing 55kg+2kg were selected and randomly divided into four groups of seven pigs each. Group 1 was the experimental group, Group 2 was the control group, Group 3 was the control group, and Group 4 was the control group.

[0034] Different groups of fattening pigs were fed different pig feeds. Group 1 was fed the pig feed of the experimental group, Group 2 was fed the pig feed of the control group 1, Group 3 was fed the pig feed of the control group 2, and Group 4 was fed the pig feed of the control group.

[0035] After 72 days of feeding, the animals were fasted for 24 hours, and their live weight was measured. Five pigs with the median live weight from each group were selected for slaughter. On the one hand, the average dressing percentage of each group of pigs was calculated according to the formula: dressing percentage (%) = (carcass weight / live weight before slaughter) × 100%. On the other hand, the average intramuscular fat of each group of pigs was determined by Soxhlet extraction method according to NY / T 821-2019. The results of dressing percentage and intramuscular fat content are shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 2: Dressing rate and intramuscular fat of fattening pigs in different groups

[0037]

[0038] Results analysis:

[0039] According to the results in Table 2, the pig feed additive prepared by the present invention using a certain amount of Moringa leaves, Perilla, Lemongrass, Galangal, Licorice, Eucommia and Tangerine Peel, when added to the above-mentioned basic diet for feeding fattening pigs at a rate of 2wt%, is beneficial for the resulting fattening pigs to obtain a high slaughter rate and intramuscular fat content, that is, to achieve both breeding efficiency and market competitiveness for fattening pigs.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that after reading this application specification, they can still modify or make equivalent substitutions to the specific embodiments of the present invention, but such modifications or changes do not depart from the protection scope of the pending claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pig feed additive, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, by weight percentage, include 16-28% Moringa leaves, 15-25% Perilla frutescens, 10-16% Lemongrass, 8-15% Alpinia officinarum, 5-15% Licorice, 5-12% Eucommia ulmoides, and 3-8% Dried tangerine peel.

2. The pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, by weight percentage, include: 20-28% Moringa leaves, 20-25% Perilla frutescens, 12-16% Lemongrass, 10-15% Alpinia officinarum, 10-13% Licorice, 8-12% Eucommia ulmoides, and 5-8% Citrus reticulata peel.

3. The fattening pig feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, by weight percentage, include: 24% Moringa leaves, 22% Perilla frutescens, 14% Lemongrass, 13% Alpinia officinarum, 11% Licorice, 10% Eucommia ulmoides and 6% Tangerine peel.

4. The method for preparing the pig feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials are dried and pulverized to obtain the pig feed additive.

5. The method for preparing the pig feed additive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The particle size of the powder obtained from the pulverizing step is 50~200 mesh.

6. The use of the pig feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of pig feed.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pig feed mentioned is fattening pig feed.

8. A pig feed, characterized in that, Includes the pig feed additives described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

9. The pig feed according to claim 8, characterized in that, The amount of the pig feed additive is 0.5 to 3% of the pig feed by weight percentage.

10. A pig with high dressing percentage and high intramuscular fat content, characterized in that, Pigs that have reached a weight of 50-75 kg are obtained by the following breeding method: continue to feed them the pig feed described in any one of claims 8-9 for 60-80 days.

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