A locking control method, an atomization device and a storage medium

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of locking control, and provides a locking control method, an atomization device and a storage medium. The locking control method extracts feature information representing a target object by acquiring a contact image to perform identity recognition when the target object contacts an image acquisition region, and acquires an electrical response feature of the target object by applying an excitation signal to the image acquisition region to determine whether the target object is a valid target. Only when the target object passes both the valid target verification and the feature information matching verification, a unlocking instruction is generated to release the locking state of the device. In this way, a dual verification mechanism that combines contact image feature recognition and electrical excitation living body detection in the same interaction process is constructed. Without significantly increasing the hardware complexity and without relying on external terminal devices, the defects that a single verification method in the prior art is easy to be cracked or deceived by a prosthesis are overcome, and the identity verification reliability and the attack prevention capability of the atomization device in the locking control aspect are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of atomization equipment technology, specifically to a lock-up control method, an atomization device, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of atomizing devices and increasingly stringent industry regulations, preventing minors and unauthorized users from using them has become one of the core safety features that such devices must possess.

[0003] Currently, most vaping devices employ either button combination locking or wireless connection locking solutions. Button combination locks typically unlock or lock by repeatedly pressing or holding a specific button; this method is simple and inexpensive. Wireless connection locks rely on Bluetooth or a mobile application to communicate with an external terminal device, allowing the external device to manage access permissions to the vaping device. Some solutions also attempt to incorporate capacitive fingerprint recognition technology, which collects the user's fingerprint image and compares it with a pre-stored template to determine whether unlocking is permitted.

[0004] However, all of the aforementioned existing solutions have significant technical flaws. Button combination locks have simple and fixed logic, making them easily crackable by minors or unauthorized users through observation, imitation, or random trial and error, thus compromising security. Wireless connection locks rely on real-time connections to external devices; once the external device is unavailable, runs out of power, or communication is lost, the atomizing device becomes uncontrollable or unusable. For solutions incorporating fingerprint recognition, in real-world scenarios, users' fingers are often stained with oil, sweat, or other dirt, severely reducing the contrast of images captured by capacitive fingerprint sensors and significantly lowering the recognition success rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a locking control method, an atomizing device, and a storage medium, aiming to solve the technical problems of insufficient security and susceptibility to unauthorized use or spoofing attacks in existing atomizing device locking schemes.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a lock-up control method applied to an atomizing device, comprising:

[0007] A contact image is acquired when the target object comes into contact with the image acquisition area of ​​the atomizing device. Based on the contact image, feature information representing the target object is extracted and matched with a preset feature information database. When an excitation signal is applied to the image acquisition area, electrical response features representing the target object are acquired. Based on the electrical response features, it is determined whether the target object is a valid target. When the target object is determined to be a valid target and its feature information matches the preset feature information database, an unlocking command is generated to release the atomizing device from its locked state.

[0008] In some embodiments, before extracting feature information representing the target object based on the contact image and matching it with a preset feature information library, the method further includes: performing background subtraction processing on the contact image to obtain a preprocessed image; detecting the proportion of low-contrast regions in the preprocessed image to assess the degree of media interference; performing binarization processing on the preprocessed image when the media interference level is lower than a first threshold; and performing enhancement processing on the preprocessed image when the media interference level reaches the first threshold.

[0009] In some embodiments, the enhancement process includes at least one of multi-scale Gabor filtering and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization.

[0010] In some embodiments, the excitation signal is an AC excitation signal within a swept frequency range; the electrical response characteristics characterizing the target object include the impedance response characteristics of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal.

[0011] In some embodiments, determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the electrical response characteristics includes: acquiring the impedance amplitude and phase angle information of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal; extracting the response characteristic values ​​of the impedance amplitude and phase angle information as a function of frequency; comparing the response characteristic values ​​with preset valid target determination conditions, and determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the comparison results.

[0012] In some embodiments, determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the comparison result includes: if the response feature value shows at least a phase shift with frequency, then the target object is determined to be a valid target; if the response feature value does not show a phase shift with frequency and the impedance amplitude change is lower than a preset change threshold, then the target object is determined to be an invalid target.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preset feature information database includes multiple user feature templates with different permission levels;

[0014] When the feature information of the target object successfully matches the preset feature information database, an unlocking command for unlocking the atomizing device is generated, including: identifying the permission level corresponding to the currently matched feature information of the target object; when the permission level is the first level, generating the unlocking command and controlling the atomizing device to enter full-state operation; when the permission level is the second level, generating the unlocking command and synchronously outputting a restriction signal to control the atomizing device to enter restricted state operation.

[0015] In some embodiments, the locking control method further includes: acquiring the number of consecutive times the target object is determined to be an invalid target and / or its feature information fails to match; when the number of consecutive times reaches a preset fuse threshold, controlling the atomizing device to enter a forced locking state and stopping the generation of the unlocking command within a preset duration.

[0016] In some embodiments, after unlocking is completed according to the unlocking command, the locking control method further includes: starting a session management timer; automatically canceling the unlocking command and restoring the locking state when no valid operation on the atomizing device is detected within a first duration; and / or controlling the atomizing device to switch from the locking state to a dormant state when the atomizing device has been in the locking state for a second duration.

[0017] In some embodiments, the locking control method further includes, in the sleep state, monitoring the capacitance change of the image acquisition area; and controlling the atomizing device to switch from the sleep state to the working state when the capacitance change exceeds a preset threshold.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an atomizing device, comprising:

[0019] An atomization module includes an atomization component and a heating component, wherein the heating component is used to heat the atomization component so that the aerosol generating matrix in the atomization component forms an aerosol after being heated;

[0020] The unlocking module includes an image acquisition area, an excitation circuit, and an impedance detection circuit. The image acquisition area is used for a target object to contact the object and acquire a contact image. The excitation circuit is electrically connected to the image acquisition area and is used to apply an excitation signal to the image acquisition area. The impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the image acquisition area and is used to acquire electrical response characteristics characterizing the target object.

[0021] The control module, connected to the atomization module and the unlocking module respectively, is configured to execute the locking control method as described in any embodiment of the first aspect to generate an unlocking command for releasing the locking state of the atomization device, and control the atomization device to enter the working state after unlocking.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the locking control method as described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0023] The atomizing device and locking control method applicable to such devices provided in this application embodiment, when a target object contacts the image acquisition area, firstly, acquires a contact image to extract feature information representing the target object for identification; secondly, applies an excitation signal to the image acquisition area and acquires the electrical response characteristics of the target object to determine whether it is a valid target. Only when the target object simultaneously passes valid target verification and feature information matching verification is an unlocking command generated to release the device's locking state. This constructs a dual verification mechanism that integrates contact-based image feature recognition and electrical excitation liveness detection in the same interaction process. Without significantly increasing hardware complexity or relying on external terminal devices, it effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing single verification methods, which are easily cracked or deceived by spoofing, significantly improving the authentication reliability, anti-attack capability, and usage security of the atomizing device in locking control. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing device provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing device provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a locking control method provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of a liveness detection signal based on frequency conversion excitation, provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 7 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 9 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 10 A flowchart of a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to the present invention are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the invention with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0037] Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. At the same time, the steps or actions in the method description can be rearranged or adjusted in a manner obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are only for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a necessary order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0038] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application include both direct and indirect connections (linkages).

[0039] With the widespread use of atomizing devices and increasingly stringent industry regulations, preventing minors and unauthorized users from misusing or abusing them has become a core safety function that such products must possess. Therefore, it is necessary to set up reliable identity verification and locking mechanisms on atomizing devices.

[0040] As described in the background section, common locking methods in existing technologies mainly include button combination locks, wireless connection locks, and the initially introduced fingerprint recognition locks. Button combination locks unlock by detecting the number of consecutive presses or the duration of long presses on specific buttons. While simple and low-cost, their fixed operating logic and ease of observation and imitation result in significant security deficiencies; minors or unauthorized users can easily bypass them through trial and error. Wireless connection locks rely on Bluetooth or mobile applications to establish communication with external terminals such as smartphones, allowing these terminals to manage device access permissions. Their advantage lies in enabling complex permission controls via smartphones, but their disadvantage is that the atomizing device may become unusable or lose security if the phone is not nearby, runs out of power, or communication is lost. Some solutions apply capacitive fingerprint recognition to atomizing devices, collecting the user's fingerprint image and comparing it with a pre-stored template to determine whether to unlock. However, in real-world scenarios, users' fingers are often contaminated with oil, sweat, and other substances, severely degrading fingerprint image quality and significantly reducing recognition success rates. Furthermore, existing solutions generally lack effective liveness detection capabilities against fake fingerprints such as those from conductive silicone.

[0041] To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, this application proposes a locking control method that integrates a dual verification mechanism of contact image feature recognition and electrical excitation liveness detection, simultaneously solving user identity authentication and spoofing attack protection. The device is only unlocked when both identity authentication and liveness detection are passed, thereby improving the safety, reliability and compliance of the atomizing device.

[0042] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing device provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the atomizing device provided in this embodiment includes at least an atomizing module 110, an unlocking module 120, and a control module 130.

[0044] The atomizing module 110 is the core functional component in the atomizing device used to generate aerosols. It typically includes an atomizing component for containing or guiding the aerosol-generating matrix, a heating component for heating the atomizing component, and an airflow channel for guiding the aerosol output. The matrix containing area can take the form of a liquid storage chamber, a cartridge containing chamber, or a solid matrix tank, depending on the device type, used to store liquid matrix or contain solid / semi-solid matrix. The heating element is usually made of resistive materials such as nickel-chromium alloy, stainless steel, or titanium alloy, and common forms include spiral heating wires, sheet heating meshes, tubular heating elements, or heating films integrated into a ceramic matrix. Its function is to convert electrical energy into heat energy and act on the aerosol-generating matrix, causing the matrix to release or form an aerosol that can be inhaled by the user after heating. The airflow channel connects the air inlet, the heating area, and the mouthpiece, guiding airflow through the heating area to carry the aerosol and output it to the user during inhalation. When the atomizing device is in the unlocked and operational state, the user triggers the airflow sensor through inhalation or operates a button. An independent power supply module or control module 130 then supplies power to the heating component. The heating component generates heat to heat the atomizing component, causing the aerosol-forming matrix within the atomizing component to form an aerosol that the user can inhale. The specific form and arrangement of these components may vary depending on the type of device.

[0045] The unlocking module 120 is a functional module added to achieve device security locking control. It is installed on the surface of the atomizing device's housing and is used for contact operation by the user's fingers or other target objects. The unlocking module 120 is configured to simultaneously acquire contact image information for identification and electrical response feature information for liveness detection when the user makes contact, and transmit the above information to the control module 130 for subsequent verification processing.

[0046] The control module 130 is the core of the atomizing device's control system, typically consisting of a microcontroller and its peripheral circuits. Its routine operation control functions mainly include: receiving and parsing user input commands via buttons, airflow sensors, or touch-sensitive areas; precisely adjusting the heating power and heating duration output to the heating element through pulse width modulation or other methods according to preset heating strategies or user settings; real-time monitoring of the device's operating status parameters, such as battery level, heating element temperature, number of puffs, or short-circuit anomalies, and executing corresponding state switching or protection actions accordingly; and managing the charging and discharging process of the power supply components and the power distribution to each functional module.

[0047] In this embodiment, in addition to retaining the conventional control functions described above, the control module 130 is also connected to the unlocking module 120 and is further configured to perform locking control. It receives contact image information and electrical response feature information acquired by the unlocking module 120, performs verification processes such as feature extraction, valid target judgment, and feature matching, and controls the working permission state of the atomizing module 110 based on the verification results. Specifically, the control module 130 only generates an unlocking command when the target object is determined to be a valid target and its feature information successfully matches a preset feature information database, thus enabling the atomizing device to enter a working state. This achieves highly secure identity verification and locking management functions on top of conventional operation control functions.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing device provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, in the atomizing device provided in this embodiment, the unlocking module 120 includes an image acquisition area 1201, an excitation circuit 1202, and an impedance detection circuit 1203; the image acquisition area 1201 is used for a target object to contact and acquire a contact image; the excitation circuit 1202 is electrically connected to the image acquisition area 1201 and is used to apply an excitation signal to the image acquisition area 1201; the impedance detection circuit 1203 is electrically connected to the image acquisition area 1201 and is used to acquire the electrical response characteristics characterizing the target object.

[0049] The image acquisition area 1201 is located on the outer surface of the atomizing device housing and serves as the interactive interface in the unlocking module 120 for direct contact by a target object (such as a user's finger). When the target object contacts this area, a contact image of the target object is acquired to obtain image information that characterizes the surface texture features of the target object (such as the distribution of fingerprint ridges). The contact image is then transmitted to the control module 130, where its processor performs feature extraction and identification to complete the device's locking control.

[0050] In some embodiments, the image acquisition area 1201 is provided with at least one of a capacitive image sensor array, an optical contact imaging element, an ultrasonic contact imaging element, and a pressure-sensitive contact imaging element.

[0051] The image acquisition area 1201 can be composed of a capacitive image sensor array, i.e., multiple capacitive sensing units arranged in rows and columns, each sensing unit constituting the plate of a miniature capacitor. When a target object (such as a user's finger) touches the image acquisition area 1201, the uneven texture of the skin on the finger surface causes differences in the distance between each sensing unit and the finger surface, resulting in different changes in the capacitance value of each sensing unit. By detecting the capacitance changes of each sensing unit in the array and converting them into corresponding grayscale values, a contact image reflecting the surface texture features of the target object can be formed. The capacitive image sensor array has advantages such as fast response speed, low power consumption, and easy integration into miniaturized devices, and its operation is based on the direct contact between the target object and the sensing unit.

[0052] The image acquisition area 1201 can also be implemented using an optical contact imaging element, which includes a light source, a prism or light guide plate, a lens group, and an optical image sensor. When the target object contacts the surface of the prism or light guide plate, the light emitted by the light source is reflected or scattered at the contact interface. The ridges (i.e., raised parts of the skin texture) and valleys (i.e., recessed parts of the skin texture) of the contact area have different degrees of contact with the contact interface, resulting in different light reflection or refraction paths. The reflected light is converged by the lens group and projected onto the surface of the optical image sensor, forming a textured image with alternating light and dark areas. Optical contact imaging elements have the advantages of high resolution and relatively low cost.

[0053] The image acquisition area 1201 can also be implemented using an ultrasonic contact imaging element, which includes an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic receiver, and a signal processing circuit. When a target object comes into contact, the ultrasonic transmitter emits high-frequency sound wave pulses towards the target object in the contact image acquisition area 1201. The sound waves penetrate the surface of the target object and propagate within it, undergoing partial reflection when encountering tissue interfaces with different acoustic impedances. Due to the slight differences in the position of the sound wave reflection interface at the ridges and valleys of the skin texture, the echo signals received by the ultrasonic receiver also differ in time delay and intensity distribution. By analyzing and reconstructing the echo signals, a contact image reflecting the surface and superficial texture structure of the target object can be obtained. The ultrasonic imaging element has strong resistance to interference from media such as surface stains and water stains.

[0054] The image acquisition area 1201 can also be implemented using a pressure-sensitive contact imaging element, which typically consists of an array of piezoresistive or piezoelectric pressure sensing units. When a target object contacts the image acquisition area 1201, the raised ridges of the skin texture exert greater local pressure on the sensing units, while the sensing units corresponding to the recessed valleys experience less pressure or almost no pressure. Each sensing unit outputs an electrical signal of different amplitude according to the magnitude of the pressure received. After array scanning and signal processing, a contact image reflecting the pressure distribution of the target object's surface texture can be generated. The pressure-sensitive contact imaging element has a relatively simple structure and low power consumption.

[0055] The excitation circuit 1202 is electrically connected to the image acquisition area 1201. Its main function is to apply a specific excitation signal to the image acquisition area 1201 when or during contact with the target object. This excitation signal acts on the contacting target object through the image acquisition area 1201, thereby exciting the target object to produce a measurable electrical response. In an optional embodiment, the excitation signal is an AC excitation signal within a frequency sweep range. By changing the excitation frequency, the electrical response characteristics of the target object under different frequency conditions can be obtained. These electrical response characteristics can be used as a basis for distinguishing between real skin and prosthetic materials.

[0056] Impedance detection circuit 1203 is also electrically connected to image acquisition area 1201. Its function is to acquire detection signals characterizing the electrical response features of the target object. Specifically, when excitation circuit 1202 applies an excitation signal to image acquisition area 1201, impedance detection circuit 1203 synchronously acquires the electrical response signal generated by the coupling between the target object and image acquisition area 1201, and extracts parameters that reflect the impedance characteristics of the target object, such as impedance amplitude changes and phase angle shift information at different frequencies. These electrical response features are transmitted to control module 130 to determine whether the contacted target object possesses the impedance-capacitive reactance characteristics of real skin, thereby determining whether the target object is a valid target.

[0057] In summary, the atomizing device provided in the above embodiments achieves a deep integration of device operation and safety management functions by organically integrating the atomizing module, unlocking module, and control module into a whole. The atomizing module is responsible for containing or receiving the aerosol generation matrix and converting it into aerosol under controlled conditions. The control module, while retaining conventional operation control functions such as receiving operation commands, adjusting heating power and duration, monitoring working status, and managing power supply, further collaborates with the unlocking module to execute a dual verification mechanism of contact image feature recognition and electrical excitation liveness detection. The unlocking module, as the interactive entry point for safety verification, synchronously acquires contact image information and electrical response feature information of the target object through the same image acquisition area, providing the control module with dual evidence for identity recognition and liveness determination. The control module only unlocks the device and allows the atomizing module to enter the working state when the target object is confirmed as a valid target and the feature information is successfully matched. The above-mentioned structural design enables the atomizing device of this application to effectively overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as insufficient security of button combination locks, reliance on external devices for wireless connection locks, susceptibility of single fingerprint recognition to spoofing and interference from media, without significantly increasing hardware complexity or relying on external terminal devices. It significantly improves the device's authentication reliability, anti-attack capability and usage security, while also taking into account the user experience requirements of low power consumption and instant response.

[0058] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can understand the specific structural composition, connection relationship, and conventional function implementation of the atomizing module 110, unlocking module 120, and other auxiliary modules in the atomizing device by referring to various mature solutions in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. The innovation of this application lies in the locking control logic and its implementation method added to the control module 130 based on the existing operation control functions. This logic involves its collaborative operation with the unlocking module 120, receiving contact image information and electrical response feature information from the unlocking module 120, performing a series of verification processes such as feature extraction, effective target judgment, and feature matching, and determining whether to release the device's locking state based on the verification results. This achieves secure control over the operation of the atomizing module 110. The specific implementation process of the locking control method of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a lock-up control method according to an embodiment of this application. The lock-up control method provided in this embodiment can be applied to the atomizing device provided in the above embodiment, and can also be used in similar electronic devices that require lock-up control. Figure 3 As shown, the locking control method provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S301: Obtain the contact image captured when the target object contacts the image acquisition area of ​​the atomizing device, and extract the feature information representing the target object based on the contact image and match it with the preset feature information database.

[0061] For atomizing devices that require locking controls to prevent unauthorized use, when locking controls are executed, a contact image is captured when a target object comes into contact with the image acquisition area 1201 on the atomizing device. The contact image can reflect the physical texture of the contact surface of the target object, such as the ridge and valley distribution on the skin surface. After the acquisition is completed, the unlocking module 120 transmits the acquired contact image to the device's control module 130 or the processor in the control module 130. The acquisition of the contact image and the extraction of feature information are the basis for identity recognition and locking control.

[0062] Based on the acquired contact image, the control module 130 further extracts feature information that characterizes the individual features of the target object. This feature information is compared with pre-stored feature templates to confirm whether the currently contacted target object corresponds to an authorized legitimate user. A preset feature information library pre-stores feature templates for one or more authorized users. These feature templates are feature information collected and extracted by legitimate users through compliant methods during the registration phase. The control module 130 compares the target object feature information extracted from the contact image with each feature template in the preset feature information library, calculating the similarity or matching score between them. When the similarity or matching score reaches a preset matching threshold, the feature information is determined to match the preset feature information library successfully, indicating that the texture features of the currently contacted target object match the feature template of an authorized user, and the operator's identity is confirmed. If the feature information fails to reach the matching threshold with any feature template in the preset feature information library, the match is determined to fail, indicating that the current operator is not authorized to use the device.

[0063] Step S302: When an excitation signal is applied to the image acquisition area, the electrical response characteristics of the target object are obtained.

[0064] It is known that real human skin and prosthetic materials differ fundamentally in their conductivity mechanisms, dielectric properties, and polarization responses. Real skin possesses a complex cellular structure and fluid environment, exhibiting significant capacitive characteristics and frequency dependence under alternating electric fields. In contrast, prosthetic materials such as conductive silicone primarily exhibit purely resistive characteristics and lack frequency response variations. After acquiring a contact image, to effectively distinguish whether the target object in contact with the image acquisition area 1201 is real human skin or a prosthetic material made of conductive silicone or similar materials, while the target object remains in contact with the image acquisition area 1201, an excitation signal is applied to the image acquisition area 1201 by the control module 130 or, under the control of the control module 130, by other components. This excitation signal creates an electric field coupling at the contact interface between the image acquisition area 1201 and the target object, and the electrical properties of the target object itself modulate the response to this electric field. By acquiring the electrical response signal fed back through the image acquisition area 1201, response characteristics characterizing the electrical properties of the target object are obtained.

[0065] Step S303: Determine whether the target object is a valid target based on the electrical response characteristics.

[0066] After acquiring the electrical response characteristics of the target object, the control module 130 analyzes and processes these characteristics. A valid target refers to a contact object possessing preset electrical properties, which typically correspond to the characteristic response patterns exhibited by real human skin under electrical excitation. The control module 130 compares and analyzes the actually acquired electrical response characteristics with the criteria for a valid target to determine whether the currently contacted object is a valid target. If the target object is determined not to be a valid target, it indicates that the currently contacted object may be a non-living prosthesis or other material lacking the corresponding electrical properties. Subsequent processes will therefore reject the unlocking request, thus preventing the possibility of prosthetic attacks at the source.

[0067] Step S304: When the target object is determined to be a valid target and its feature information is successfully matched with the preset feature information database, an unlocking command is generated to unlock the atomizing device.

[0068] When the target object is identified as a valid target and its feature information matches the preset feature information database, it means that the current operator has passed both valid target verification and identity feature verification. Specifically, electrical response characteristics verify that the contact object is real human skin and not a prosthetic; feature information matching verifies that the operator's identity information matches that of an authorized user. Based on this, the control module 130 generates an unlock command to release the nebulizer from its locked state, authorizing the device to enter a working state. This mechanism, which generates the unlock command only after both verifications are successful, organically combines identity recognition and liveness detection in the same contact interaction process. This effectively ensures the safety of the nebulizer, prevents unauthorized user operation and prosthetic spoofing attacks, and significantly improves the device's security level.

[0069] In summary, the locking control method provided in this embodiment acquires a contact image when a target object contacts the image acquisition area to extract feature information representing the target object for identification. Simultaneously, it applies an excitation signal to the image acquisition area and acquires the electrical response characteristics of the target object to determine if it is a valid target. Only when the target object simultaneously passes both valid target verification and feature information matching verification is an unlocking command generated to release the device's locking state. This locking control method, by integrating a dual verification mechanism of contact image feature recognition and electrical excitation liveness detection in the same interaction process, effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing single verification methods, which are easily cracked or deceived by spoofing, without significantly increasing hardware complexity or relying on external terminal devices. This significantly improves the reliability of identity verification, anti-attack capability, and usage security of the atomizing device in locking control.

[0070] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, before matching the feature information representing the target object extracted based on the contact image with a preset feature information database in step S301, the locking control method further includes:

[0071] Step S401: Perform background subtraction processing on the contact image to obtain a preprocessed image.

[0072] During the acquisition of contact images, in addition to the capacitance change signal caused by contact with the target object, the inherent basic capacitance values ​​of each sensing unit in the image acquisition area 1201 and noise components caused by environmental factors are inevitably superimposed. To remove these background interferences unrelated to the texture features of the target object, background subtraction processing needs to be performed on the acquired contact images. Since each sensing unit in the image acquisition area 1201 already has a basic capacitance value in the non-contact state, and this basic capacitance value may drift due to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, if background subtraction is not performed, these inherent offsets will be superimposed on the actual texture signal of the target object, reducing the accuracy of subsequent feature extraction. Background subtraction processing refers to subtracting a pre-calibrated background reference image in the non-contact state from the original acquired contact image, thereby obtaining a pre-processed image that more realistically reflects the surface texture features of the target object. Specifically, background subtraction processing involves performing a difference operation between the currently acquired contact image and the pre-calibrated background reference image in the non-contact state, and subtracting the inherent capacitance bias of the sensing unit and environmental drift components, thereby obtaining a pre-processed image that mainly reflects the capacitance change caused by contact with the target object. After background subtraction, the pixel grayscale distribution in the preprocessed image more realistically corresponds to the ridges and valleys of the surface texture of the target object.

[0073] Step S402: Detect the proportion of low-contrast regions in the preprocessed image to assess the degree of media interference.

[0074] In real-world applications, the surface of a target object may be covered with conductive or semi-conductive media such as oil, sweat, and water stains. These media can penetrate the valleys of skin texture, weakening the capacitance difference between ridges and valleys, resulting in blurred areas with significantly reduced local contrast in the preprocessed image. To quantify the impact of such media on image quality, the control module 130 performs region-by-region analysis on the preprocessed image, identifying low-contrast regions where the grayscale variation is below a preset standard, and calculating the area proportion of these low-contrast regions in the entire preprocessed image. A low-contrast region refers to a localized area where the pixel grayscale variation is below a preset standard, corresponding to parts where texture blurring and ridge-valley boundaries are unclear due to media filling. The higher the area proportion of low-contrast regions in the entire preprocessed image, the wider the media filling range and the more severe the texture blurring problem. By transforming the abstract degree of image quality degradation into a quantifiable proportion, the control module 130 can objectively determine whether the current contact conditions are suitable for direct feature extraction and whether additional image restoration measures are needed.

[0075] Step S403: When the level of media interference is lower than the first threshold, perform binarization processing on the preprocessed image.

[0076] Step S404: When the level of media interference reaches the first threshold, perform enhancement processing on the preprocessed image.

[0077] After obtaining the evaluation result of the proportion of low contrast areas, the control module 130 compares the proportion value with a preset first threshold to determine the severity level of media interference on the current preprocessed image, and executes a differentiated image processing strategy accordingly.

[0078] When the evaluation results indicate that the proportion of low-contrast areas is less than a preset first threshold, it means that the current contact conditions are relatively ideal, and the medium interference exists only in a small local area. Most texture ridges and valleys in the preprocessed image still maintain clear contrast. For such cases, binary processing, which has low computational complexity, can effectively extract texture features. Binarization sets a grayscale boundary value, classifying pixels in the preprocessed image above this threshold as texture ridges and assigning them a first grayscale value, and pixels below this threshold as texture valleys and assigning them a second grayscale value, thus transforming the grayscale image into a clearly defined binary image. Binarization can further enhance ridge and valley boundaries, highlighting texture details, while also being fast and resource-efficient, making it suitable for efficient image enhancement in scenes with minimal interference.

[0079] When the evaluation results indicate that the proportion of low-contrast areas reaches or exceeds a preset first threshold, it indicates poor contact conditions and that the medium has largely filled the texture valleys, resulting in blurred ridge-valley boundaries and loss of detail in a considerable area of ​​the preprocessed image. In this case, simple binarization is insufficient to effectively recover the masked texture information, requiring more complex enhancement processing methods. Enhancement processing uses algorithms such as multi-scale analysis, frequency domain filtering, or local contrast stretching to perform targeted repair and texture reconstruction on areas degraded by medium interference in the preprocessed image, striving to restore the original texture ridge-valley distribution characteristics of the target object from the blurred image signal. Although the computational cost of enhancement processing is relatively high, it can significantly improve image quality under severe interference conditions, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent feature extraction and guaranteeing that the device can maintain an acceptable recognition success rate even in harsh operating environments.

[0080] The above-mentioned hierarchical processing strategy allows for flexible selection of processing methods based on actual interference, ensuring both recognition effectiveness and processing efficiency.

[0081] In some embodiments, when the preprocessed image needs to undergo enhancement processing due to severe media interference, the enhancement processing algorithm that the control module 130 may employ includes at least one of multi-scale Gabor filtering and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization.

[0082] Multi-scale Gabor filtering uses Gabor filter banks with different directions and frequencies to perform convolution operations on the preprocessed image. Since Gabor filters have selective enhancement characteristics for texture structures at specific directions and scales, they can effectively highlight directional ridge features weakened by medium interference, while suppressing noise components in non-texture directions, thereby restoring the continuity of fingerprint ridges.

[0083] The contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization process divides the preprocessed image into several local sub-blocks and performs histogram equalization independently within each sub-block to stretch the local contrast. At the same time, by setting a contrast limiting threshold, it prevents local noise from being excessively amplified, thereby enhancing the visibility of global textures while avoiding the introduction of artifacts.

[0084] In practical applications, one algorithm can be selected to be executed alone, or two algorithms can be combined, depending on the specific type and severity of the interference. Both methods can achieve the technical effect of restoring texture features covered by media such as oil and sweat and improving the accuracy of subsequent feature extraction.

[0085] In some embodiments, in addition to multi-scale Gabor filtering and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization, enhancement processing methods that can be used in scenarios with severe media interference include at least one of the following: Fourier domain bandpass filtering, wavelet transform denoising and enhancement, orientation field-guided context filtering, and deep learning-based image reconstruction.

[0086] The Fourier domain bandpass filtering process specifically involves converting the preprocessed image to the frequency domain using Fourier transform. Taking advantage of the specific spatial frequency range of fingerprint ridges and valleys, a bandpass filter is designed to retain the corresponding dominant frequency component of the texture while suppressing low-frequency blur components and high-frequency noise components introduced by medium interference. The image is then restored to an enhanced spatial domain image through inverse transform, thereby highlighting the ridge structure and reducing background interference.

[0087] Wavelet transform denoising and enhancement involves decomposing the preprocessed image into wavelet coefficients of different scales and orientations. For low-frequency smoothing or high-frequency noise caused by media interference, threshold shrinkage or gain adjustment is applied to each sub-band coefficient. For example, low-frequency approximation coefficients reflecting media coverage are attenuated, while high-frequency detail coefficients reflecting texture details are enhanced. Finally, an image with improved texture clarity is reconstructed.

[0088] The orientation field-guided context filtering process first estimates the ridge orientation field of each local region in the preprocessed image, then performs one-dimensional smoothing filtering along the ridge direction to enhance ridge continuity, and simultaneously performs edge enhancement filtering perpendicular to the ridge direction to sharpen ridge-valley transitions. This process fully utilizes prior knowledge of fingerprint texture orientation consistency, effectively repairing broken ridges and suppressing false features under severe media interference.

[0089] Deep learning-based image reconstruction processing utilizes a pre-trained convolutional neural network model. Taking a pre-processed image degraded by media interference as input, it directly outputs a texture-enhanced reconstructed image through end-to-end mapping. During training, the network learns the mapping relationship from degraded images to clear texture images, enabling it to adaptively recover complex texture patterns covered by oil and sweat, and exhibiting strong robustness against nonlinear interference.

[0090] In some embodiments, the excitation signal is an AC excitation signal within a swept frequency range; the electrical response characteristics of the target object include the impedance response characteristics of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal.

[0091] When an excitation signal couples with a target object through the image acquisition area 1201, objects of different materials or in different states will exhibit different modulation effects on the frequency response of this coupled electric field. The electrical response characteristics fed back by the image acquisition area 1201 at a single frequency often fail to fully reflect the essential electrical differences of the target object. To improve the accuracy and reliability of judging the electrical characteristics of the target object, the applied excitation signal can be selected as an AC excitation signal within a swept frequency range. An AC excitation signal within a swept frequency range refers to an excitation signal whose frequency is not fixed at a single frequency point, but rather varies and scans within a preset frequency range according to a certain step size or continuous pattern. By performing a scanning excitation within a frequency range, multi-dimensional electrical response data varying with frequency can be obtained from the image acquisition area 1201, such as the attenuation trend of impedance amplitude with frequency and the shift law of phase angle with frequency. These frequency-dependent dynamic features can more richly and fundamentally characterize the modulation properties of the target object to electric field coupling, and can better distinguish between real human skin and prosthetic materials such as conductive silicone, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of liveness detection and effectively preventing prosthetic spoofing attacks.

[0092] Accordingly, the acquired electrical response characteristics of the target object include its impedance response at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal. Specifically, when an AC excitation signal within the frequency sweep range is applied to the image acquisition area 1201, the excitation signal forms a frequency-alternating electric field coupling at the contact interface between the image acquisition area 1201 and the target object. The electrical properties of the target object itself (such as conductivity, dielectric constant, and polarization relaxation characteristics) modulate the response of the coupled electric field, and this modulation is fed back as a measurable impedance response signal via the image acquisition area 1201. At each excitation frequency during the frequency sweep process, the impedance amplitude and phase angle information fed back via the image acquisition area 1201 are acquired, thereby obtaining the impedance response characteristics of the target object as a function of frequency throughout the entire frequency sweep range. The impedance response characteristics reflect the frequency-dependent modulation law of the target object coupled with the alternating electric field. There are essential differences between real human skin and prosthetic materials such as conductive silicone in terms of the frequency attenuation trend of impedance amplitude and the frequency shift law of phase angle. Therefore, the impedance response characteristics at the above multiple frequencies can provide richer and more reliable discrimination criteria for accurately distinguishing real skin from prosthetics.

[0093] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, after obtaining the impedance response characteristics of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal, in the above embodiments, step S303, determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the electrical response characteristics, specifically includes:

[0094] Step S501: Obtain the impedance amplitude and phase angle information of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal.

[0095] When an AC excitation signal within the frequency sweep range is applied to the image acquisition area 1201, the excitation signal establishes a frequency-alternating electric field coupling at the contact interface between the image acquisition area 1201 and the target object. For each excitation frequency during the frequency sweep process, the electrical properties of the target object modulate the response of this coupled electric field. This modulation can be fed back in the form of an electrical signal from the image acquisition area 1201. Therefore, by traversing each excitation frequency within the frequency sweep range and synchronously detecting and analyzing the feedback signal, the impedance amplitude reflecting the target object's resistance to current conduction at that excitation frequency, and the phase angle information reflecting the time offset relationship between voltage and current, can be obtained. This yields a set of impedance amplitude data sequences and phase angle data sequences that vary with frequency. Alternatively, the impedance response characteristics of the target object at the excitation frequency can be plotted as an impedance response characteristic curve, providing a more intuitive understanding of the changes in impedance amplitude and phase angle.

[0096] Step S502: Extract the response characteristic values ​​of impedance amplitude and phase angle information as a function of frequency.

[0097] After acquiring the impedance amplitude and phase angle information of the target object at different excitation frequencies, or the impedance response characteristic curve, in order to further transform the multidimensional data into quantitative indicators that can be used for judgment and comparison, it is necessary to extract representative response feature values ​​from the trend of impedance amplitude changing with frequency and the law of phase angle shift with frequency. Response feature values ​​can be characteristic parameters obtained by mathematically transforming the impedance amplitude sequence, such as the attenuation slope of a specific frequency band, the inflection frequency of amplitude change, and the amplitude ratio between different frequencies; or they can be characteristic quantities obtained by analyzing the phase angle sequence, such as the absolute value of phase shift at a specific frequency and the gradient of phase angle changing with frequency. The extracted response feature values ​​can effectively reflect the differences in the electrical response laws of real human skin and prosthetic materials under alternating electric field coupling.

[0098] Step S503: Compare the response feature value with the preset valid target determination conditions, and determine whether the target object is a valid target based on the comparison result.

[0099] After extracting the response feature values, these values ​​are compared with preset valid target determination criteria. These criteria are pre-established discrimination standards used to distinguish between real human skin and prosthetic materials; they can take the form of one or more thresholds, reference ranges for feature parameters, or classification boundaries. By comparing the response feature values ​​of the current target object with these criteria, the degree of conformity is determined. This comparison result quantitatively or qualitatively reflects the degree of agreement between the current target object's electrical response characteristics and the expected characteristics of real human skin, thus providing an objective and quantifiable basis for determining whether the target object is a valid target. In other words, the comparison result is directly related to the likelihood that the target object is considered to possess the electrical properties of real skin; the subsequent determination of a valid target is based on the degree of conformity indicated by this comparison result.

[0100] More specifically, in some embodiments, step S503, determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the comparison result, includes:

[0101] Step S5031: If the response characteristic value shows at least a phase shift with frequency, then the target object is determined to be a valid target.

[0102] Step S5032: If the response characteristic value does not show a phase shift with the frequency change and the impedance amplitude change is lower than the preset change threshold, then the target object is determined to be an invalid target.

[0103] After comparing the response characteristic value with the preset valid target determination criteria, the specific determination logic for whether a target object is a valid target based on the comparison result can be set according to the behavior of the response characteristic value during frequency change. Due to the cell membrane capacitance effect and the frequency dependence of tissue electrolytes, real human skin exhibits typical capacitive characteristics under alternating electric field coupling, with a significant phase difference between its voltage and current, i.e., a phase shift. Therefore, if the response characteristic value shows at least a phase shift with frequency change, it indicates that the electrical response characteristics of the current target object are consistent with the capacitive characteristics of real human skin, and thus the target object can be determined as a valid target.

[0104] In contrast, prosthetic fingerprints made of materials such as conductive silicone rely primarily on electron conduction for conductivity, lacking the capacitance structure of a real cell membrane. In an alternating electric field, they exhibit purely resistive or near-purely resistive characteristics, with voltage and current almost in phase (i.e., no phase shift). Furthermore, their impedance amplitude changes very little across different frequencies. Therefore, if the response characteristic value does not show a phase shift with frequency, and the change in impedance amplitude is below a preset threshold, it indicates that the electrical response characteristics of the target object match the characteristics of the prosthetic material, thus determining the target object as a non-valid target. This judgment logic, through the combined examination of phase shift and impedance amplitude changes, effectively distinguishes between real skin and prosthetic materials.

[0105] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of a liveness detection signal based on frequency conversion excitation, provided as an embodiment of this application. From... Figure 6 It can be seen that during the excitation phase, AC excitation signals Vexc(t) with frequencies of f1=10kHz and f2=100kHz were applied to the image acquisition area 1201. Under the condition of a real finger contact, the response signal Iresp(t) exhibits a significant phase difference relative to the excitation signal. The result indicates that the finger skin exhibits capacitive impedance characteristics, therefore the output result is "Live = 1", confirming it as a valid target. In contrast, if the contact object is a prosthetic material such as conductive silicone, its response signal is almost in phase with the excitation signal, with no significant phase shift, and the output result is "Live = 0". This figure visually illustrates the technical principle of distinguishing between real skin and prosthetic materials through phase difference detection under frequency conversion excitation.

[0106] As mentioned above, the preset feature information database stores one or more feature templates of authorized users in advance. These feature templates are feature information extracted from images collected by legitimate users in a compliant manner during the registration phase, serving as the benchmark for subsequent identity comparison.

[0107] In addition, in some embodiments, in order to meet the differentiated management and control requirements under different usage scenarios, the preset feature information database also sets different permission levels for the registered authorized users, that is, the feature information database contains multiple user feature templates with different permission levels.

[0108] The specific division of permission levels can be set according to actual application needs. For example, the device owner or adult user can be set as the first level, granting them full device operation permissions; while teenagers or other restricted users can be set as the second level, with restrictions placed on their available functions or operating parameters. During the feature matching phase, the control module 130 not only confirms whether the currently contacted target object matches a template in the feature information database, but also simultaneously identifies the permission level corresponding to the successfully matched template. This allows the device to be unlocked and operated while simultaneously applying corresponding control policies to the device's operating status based on the permission level. Combining identity recognition with hierarchical permission management further enables refined permission control for authorized users while ensuring device security.

[0109] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, after determining that the target object is a valid target, in the above embodiments, step S304, when the feature information of the target object successfully matches the preset feature information database, generates an unlocking command for unlocking the atomizing device, specifically including:

[0110] Step S701: Identify the permission level corresponding to the feature information of the currently matched target object.

[0111] After determining that the target object is a valid target and its feature information matches a feature template in the preset feature information library, the control module 130 does not directly generate a unified unlock command. Instead, it first identifies the permission level corresponding to the successfully matched feature template. The preset feature information library stores feature templates for each authorized user and associates each template with a corresponding permission level identifier. This permission level identifier reflects the scope of permissions granted to the authorized user in terms of device usage. By reading the permission level identifier associated with the successfully matched template, the control module 130 can determine the permission category of the current operator, such as whether they belong to an owner user with full operating permissions or a monitored user with limited operating permissions.

[0112] Step S702: When the permission level is Level 1, generate an unlock command and control the atomizing device to enter full-state operation.

[0113] When the identification result indicates that the permission level corresponding to the currently matched feature template is Level 1, it means that the current operator is identified as an authorized user with full device usage rights, such as the device's registered owner or an adult user. In this case, the control module 130 generates an unlock command to release the device from its locked state and simultaneously controls the atomizing device to enter full-state operation. Full-state operation means that all functional modules of the device operate normally without restrictions according to their nominal parameters or user-defined settings. For example, the heating element can heat according to its rated power or the power curve set by the user, and all auxiliary functions of the device can be enabled normally. By granting Level 1 users complete operating permissions, while ensuring security verification, it ensures that legitimately authorized users can obtain a complete product usage experience.

[0114] Step S703: When the permission level is the second level, generate an unlock command and output a restriction signal simultaneously to control the atomizing device to enter the restricted state.

[0115] When the identification result indicates that the permission level corresponding to the currently matched feature template is Level 2, it means that although the current operator is an authorized user, their device usage permissions are restricted to a certain extent, such as a teenage user in guardianship mode or a temporarily authorized user. In this case, the control module 130 generates an unlock command to release the device from the locked state while simultaneously outputting a restriction signal to control the atomizing device to enter a restricted state of operation. Restricted state operation means that at least some functions or operating parameters of the device are constrained within a preset safety or control range, such as the maximum output power of the heating component being limited to below a preset safety threshold, or some advanced functions of the device being temporarily disabled. By outputting differentiated control commands for different permission levels, while ensuring normal use by legally authorized users, refined safety management of specific user groups can be achieved, meeting the actual needs of application scenarios such as guardianship management.

[0116] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, based on any of the above embodiments, the locking control method provided in this embodiment further includes, before step 304, generating an unlocking command for unlocking the atomizing device:

[0117] Step S801: Obtain the number of consecutive times the target object is determined to be an invalid target and / or its feature information fails to match.

[0118] During the execution of the locking control method, each time a target object contacts the image acquisition area 1201 and triggers the verification process, the control module 130 records the verification result status. The verification result status includes: the target object is determined to be an invalid target (i.e., liveness detection failed), the target object's feature information fails to match the preset feature information database (i.e., identity recognition failed), and verification succeeds. To identify potential malicious attacks, the control module 130 monitors the frequency and continuity of the above failure events. Specifically, it acquires the consecutive number of times the target object is determined to be an invalid target and / or its feature information fails to match. The consecutive number refers to the cumulative number of times these two types of failure events occur consecutively without being interrupted by successful verification. Once a verification succeeds, the consecutive number is reset to zero. By monitoring the consecutive failure count, the control module 130 can effectively distinguish between occasional recognition failures and intentional brute-force attacks, providing a quantitative basis for triggering subsequent security protection strategies.

[0119] Step S802: When the number of consecutive attempts reaches the preset melting threshold, the atomizing device is controlled to enter a forced locking state and stops generating unlocking commands within a preset time.

[0120] When the number of consecutive failures reaches a preset circuit breaker threshold, it indicates that the device has encountered multiple consecutive verification failures within a short period of time. This behavior pattern is consistent with typical characteristics of brute-force attacks or malicious probing. To protect device security and prevent attackers from ultimately cracking the verification mechanism through repeated trial and error, the control module 130 triggers the circuit breaker protection mechanism in this situation, controlling the atomizing device to enter a forced lockout state. In the forced lockout state, the control module 130 stops responding to any new touch wake-up signals for a preset penalty duration, or although it can wake up and execute the verification process, it refuses to generate an unlock command, making the device unusable during this penalty period. The specific values ​​of the preset circuit breaker threshold and the preset penalty duration can be configured according to security level requirements. For example, three consecutive failures trigger a circuit breaker, and the penalty duration is thirty minutes. By introducing an exponentially increasing attack time cost, the circuit breaker protection mechanism can effectively curb the feasibility of brute-force attacks and improve the device's security protection capabilities.

[0121] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, based on any of the above embodiments, the locking control method provided in this embodiment further includes, after step 304, unlocking according to the unlocking command:

[0122] Step S901: Start session management timing.

[0123] After the control module 130 unlocks the atomizing device according to the unlocking command and puts the device into a working state, to prevent the user from forgetting to manually lock the device after use, which could lead to safety hazards or accidental operation, the control module 130 immediately starts the session management timer. Session management timer is a mechanism that measures the duration the device remains in the unlocked and working state, aiming to monitor the effective duration of a single unlock session. By setting a reasonable session duration threshold, the device can automatically return to the secure locked state after the user completes normal use, without requiring the user to perform an additional locking operation. This improves ease of use and also avoids the risk of unauthorized personnel using the device due to it remaining unlocked for an extended period.

[0124] Step S902: If no valid operation on the atomizing device is detected within the first time period, the unlocking command is automatically revoked and the locked state is restored.

[0125] After the session management timer is started, the control module 130 continuously monitors the user's valid operational behavior on the atomizing device. Valid operation refers to behavior that indicates the user is still actively using the device, such as inhalation, button operation, touch interaction, or setting adjustment. If the control module 130 detects at least one valid operation within a preset first duration, it determines that the user is still in use, the session management timer is reset, and the timer restarts. Conversely, if the control module 130 does not detect any valid operation by the end of the first duration, it indicates that the user may have stopped using the device or forgotten to lock it. In this case, the control module 130 automatically cancels the previously generated unlock command, causing the atomizing device to exit the working state and return to the locked state.

[0126] In some embodiments, it may also include:

[0127] Step S903: When the atomizing device has been in the locked state for a second duration, control the atomizing device to switch from the locked state to the sleep state.

[0128] To further reduce standby power consumption and extend battery life, the control module 130 measures the duration of the device's locked state after it automatically returns to the locked state or is manually locked by the user. If the device remains in the locked state for a preset second duration and no wake-up trigger event occurs during this period (such as a target object touching the image acquisition area 1201), the control module 130 determines that the device is currently idle and actively controls the atomizing device to switch from the locked state to the sleep state. In the sleep state, some non-essential functional modules of the device are turned off or enter a low-power standby mode, with only the necessary wake-up detection circuit remaining on standby to quickly restore the device to the working state when a wake-up trigger signal is detected. By setting hierarchical state management, the device can be in working state, locked state, and sleep state, ensuring the safety locking function while also taking into account the device's low-power operation requirements and instant wake-up response experience.

[0129] Figure 10 A flowchart illustrating a locking control method provided in another embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, based on any of the above embodiments, in the sleep state, the locking control method provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0130] Step S1001: Monitor the capacitance change in the image acquisition area.

[0131] After the atomizing device enters sleep mode, to balance the requirements of low-power standby and immediate wake-up response, the control module 130 or the dedicated detection circuit associated with the image acquisition area 1201 continues to monitor the image acquisition area 1201 with low power consumption. Specifically, the monitored object is the change in capacitance of the image acquisition area 1201. When no target object is approaching or touching the image acquisition area 1201, the image acquisition area 1201 has a relatively stable reference capacitance value. When a target object (such as a user's finger) approaches or touches the image acquisition area 1201, due to the target object's dielectric constant and conductivity, its introduction will change the electric field distribution around the image acquisition area 1201, resulting in a detectable change in the actual capacitance value of the image acquisition area 1201 relative to the reference capacitance value. By continuously or periodically sampling and monitoring this capacitance change, the device can sense the approach or contact intention of the target object with extremely low power consumption, providing a trigger signal for subsequent wake-up decisions.

[0132] Step S1002: When the change in capacitance exceeds a preset threshold, control the atomizing device to switch from sleep mode to working mode.

[0133] After detecting a change in capacitance in the image acquisition area 1201, this change is compared with a preset wake-up threshold. The preset threshold is set reasonably based on actual hardware characteristics and environmental noise levels to ensure both sensitive response to real target object contact events and effective filtering of minor capacitance fluctuations caused by environmental temperature and humidity drift or occasional electromagnetic interference. When the capacitance change exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the detected capacitance change is sufficiently significant, highly likely corresponding to intentional contact of the target object with the image acquisition area 1201, rather than environmental noise. At this point, the control module 130 is triggered to wake up, controlling the atomizing device to switch from sleep mode to working mode, restoring power to all functional modules of the device and entering a ready state to execute the complete verification process. This achieves an effective balance between low-power standby power consumption when the device is idle and rapid response and resumption of operation when touched by a user.

[0134] In summary, the locking control method provided by any of the above embodiments, applicable to the aforementioned atomizing devices, constructs a dual verification mechanism of "contact image feature recognition" and "electrical excitation liveness detection." When a target object contacts the image acquisition area of ​​the device, on the one hand, a contact image is acquired and feature information characterizing the individual identity of the target object is extracted; on the other hand, an excitation signal is applied to the image acquisition area, and the electrical response characteristics of the target object are obtained through electric field coupling to determine whether it is a valid target. Only when the target object passes both valid target verification and feature information matching verification is an unlocking command generated to enable the device to enter the working state.

[0135] Building upon this foundation, several auxiliary enhancement mechanisms are integrated: the degree of media interference is assessed through background subtraction and low-contrast area detection, and binarization or more complex enhancement processing is adaptively selected based on the interference level to restore texture features; impedance amplitude and phase angle information at multiple frequencies are obtained using AC excitation signals within the frequency sweep range, and real skin and prosthetic materials are distinguished based on phase shift and impedance change patterns; differentiated management is achieved through multi-level permission settings, brute-force attack is resisted through a continuous failure circuit breaker mechanism, and security and low power consumption are balanced through session timeout and hierarchical sleep management.

[0136] This locking control method integrates identity recognition and liveness detection into the same contact interaction process without significantly increasing hardware complexity or relying on external terminal devices. It effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the susceptibility of single verification methods to being cracked or spoofed by fakes, the decrease in recognition rate due to media interference, and the difficulty in balancing power consumption and wake-up response. It significantly improves the reliability of identity verification, anti-attack capability, and security of atomizing devices in locking control.

[0137] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of any embodiment of the lock-up control method applied to the atomizing device described above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0138] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0139] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will understand, the principles herein can be reflected in a computer program product on a computer-readable storage medium pre-loaded with computer-readable program code. Any tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), flash memory, and / or the like. These computer program instructions can be loaded onto a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to form a machine, such that instructions executing on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus can generate means for performing a specified function. These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can form an article of manufacture, including means for implementing the specified function. The computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to perform a series of operational steps on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that instructions executing on the computer or other programmable apparatus can provide steps for implementing the specified function.

[0140] This document describes various exemplary embodiments with reference to them. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of this document. For example, various operational steps and components for performing operational steps can be implemented in different ways depending on the specific application or considering any number of cost functions associated with the operation of the system (e.g., one or more steps can be deleted, modified, or combined with other steps).

[0141] While the principles herein have been illustrated in various embodiments, numerous modifications to the structures, arrangements, proportions, elements, materials, and components, particularly suited to specific environments and operational requirements, may be used without departing from the principles and scope of this disclosure. These modifications and other alterations or alterations will be included within the scope of this document. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes can be made to the details of the above embodiments without departing from the fundamental principles of the invention.

Claims

1. A lock-up control method, applied to an atomizing device, characterized in that, include: The system acquires a contact image when the target object comes into contact with the image acquisition area of ​​the atomizing device, and extracts feature information representing the target object based on the contact image and matches it with a preset feature information database. When an excitation signal is applied to the image acquisition area, electrical response characteristics characterizing the target object are obtained; Based on the electrical response characteristics, determine whether the target object is a valid target; When the target object is determined to be a valid target and its feature information matches the preset feature information database, an unlocking command is generated to release the locking state of the atomizing device.

2. The locking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before matching the feature information representing the target object extracted from the contact image with a preset feature information database, the process further includes: The contact image is subjected to background subtraction processing to obtain a preprocessed image; The proportion of low-contrast regions in the preprocessed image is detected to assess the degree of media interference. When the level of media interference is lower than a first threshold, binarization processing is performed on the preprocessed image; When the level of media interference reaches the first threshold, enhancement processing is performed on the preprocessed image.

3. The locking control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The enhancement process includes at least one of multi-scale Gabor filtering and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization.

4. The locking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation signal is an AC excitation signal within a swept frequency range; the electrical response characteristics of the target object include the impedance response characteristics of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal.

5. The locking control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the electrical response characteristics includes: Acquire the impedance amplitude and phase angle information of the target object at different frequencies of the AC excitation signal; Extract the response characteristic values ​​of the impedance amplitude and phase angle information as a function of frequency; The response feature value is compared with the preset valid target determination conditions, and the target object is determined as a valid target based on the comparison result.

6. The locking control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the target object is a valid target based on the comparison results includes: If the response characteristic value changes with frequency, it at least shows a phase shift, then the target object is determined to be a valid target; If the response characteristic value does not show a phase shift with frequency change and the impedance amplitude change is lower than a preset change threshold, then the target object is determined to be an invalid target.

7. The locking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset feature information database includes multiple user feature templates with different permission levels; When the feature information of the target object successfully matches a preset feature information database, an unlocking command for unlocking the atomizing device is generated, including: Identify the permission level corresponding to the feature information of the currently successfully matched target object; When the permission level is at the first level, the unlock command is generated, and the atomizing device is controlled to enter full-state operation; When the permission level is the second level, the unlock command is generated and the restriction signal is output synchronously to control the atomizing device to enter the restricted state for operation.

8. The locking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The number of consecutive times the target object is determined to be a non-valid target and / or its feature information fails to match is obtained; When the number of consecutive cycles reaches a preset melting threshold, the atomizing device is controlled to enter a forced locking state and stops generating the unlocking command within a preset time period.

9. The locking control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After unlocking is completed according to the unlocking command, the process also includes: Start session management timing; If no valid operation on the atomizing device is detected within the first time period, the unlocking command is automatically revoked and the locked state is restored. And / or, When the atomizing device enters the locked state for a second duration, the atomizing device is controlled to switch from the locked state to the sleep state.

10. The locking control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the dormant state, it also includes: Monitor the capacitance change in the image acquisition area; When the change in capacitance exceeds a preset threshold, the atomizing device is controlled to switch from a dormant state to a working state.

11. An atomizing device, characterized in that, include: An atomization module includes an atomization component and a heating component, wherein the heating component is used to heat the atomization component so that the aerosol generating matrix in the atomization component forms an aerosol after being heated; The unlocking module includes an image acquisition area, an excitation circuit, and an impedance detection circuit; the image acquisition area is used for contact with a target object to acquire a contact image. The excitation circuit is electrically connected to the image acquisition area and is used to apply an excitation signal to the image acquisition area; the impedance detection circuit is electrically connected to the image acquisition area and is used to acquire the electrical response characteristics characterizing the target object. The control module, connected to the atomization module and the unlocking module respectively, is configured to execute the locking control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 to generate an unlocking command for releasing the locking state of the atomization device, and control the atomization device to enter the working state after unlocking.

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