Palatal plate and orthodontic device

Abstract

The application discloses a palatal plate and an orthodontic device. The palatal plate is used in cooperation with an orthodontic functional part and a locking part. The palatal plate comprises a base plate, a mounting part arranged on a side of the base plate away from a fitting surface, and a positioning part arranged on the base plate. The base plate is provided with a fixing part for fixing to oral tissues. The mounting part is provided with a first connecting hole. The first connecting hole is used for detachably connecting the locking part. The locking part is used for pressing the orthodontic functional part on the palatal plate. The positioning part is arranged away from an axis of the first connecting hole. The positioning part is used for cooperating with a positioning part on the orthodontic functional part. The palatal plate of the application is used as a standardized universal anchorage platform. In different stages of orthodontic treatment, the anchorage nail does not need to be reinserted or implanted. Different orthodontic functional parts such as molar pressing-down parts, anterior tooth inward-moving parts or molar distal-moving parts can be quickly replaced only by the locking part and the positioning part. The clinical operation is greatly simplified, and the pain and secondary trauma of the patient during diagnosis and treatment are significantly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a palatal plate and an orthodontic device. Background Technology

[0002] In orthodontic treatment, for severe skeletal malocclusion or complex tooth movements (such as molar intrusion, large-scale retraction of anterior teeth, and distal movement of molars), it is usually necessary to use micro-implants (anchoring screws) to provide strong anchorage.

[0003] Existing orthodontic components are typically designed for specific orthodontic functions (such as molar intrusion, anterior tooth retraction, or distal molar movement). During orthodontic treatment, as the treatment progresses, when changes to the treatment plan or a change in the direction of force are needed, clinicians usually need to adjust or replace the orthodontic components that apply force to the teeth according to the specific orthodontic requirements to achieve the tooth movement goals at different stages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a palatal plate and an orthodontic device to enable phased and non-invasive switching of multiple orthodontic functions after a one-time implantation of anchorage, simplifying clinical disassembly and assembly operations and reducing patient trauma.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a palatal plate is provided, the palatal plate being used to cooperate with orthodontic functional components and locking components, the palatal plate comprising:

[0007] A substrate having a fitting surface for fitting the palate, and a fixing part for fixing to oral tissues;

[0008] The mounting part is disposed on the side of the substrate away from the bonding surface. The mounting part has a first connecting hole for detachably connecting the locking member. The locking member is used to press the orthodontic functional component onto the palatal plate.

[0009] A positioning element is disposed on the substrate and offset from the axis of the first connecting hole. The positioning element is used to cooperate with the positioning part on the orthodontic functional component.

[0010] Optionally, the fixing part includes at least one pair of first fixing parts, which are distributed along a first direction on opposite sides of the mounting part, and the first fixing parts are provided with first limiting holes for inserting anchor nails.

[0011] Optionally, the fixing part further includes a second fixing part disposed on the side of the first fixing part away from the mounting part, and the second fixing part is provided with a second limiting hole.

[0012] Optionally, the positioning members are provided as at least one pair, and the at least one pair of positioning members are distributed on opposite sides of the mounting portion along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] Optionally, the substrate, the fixing part, the mounting part, and the positioning member are integrally formed.

[0014] Secondly, an orthodontic appliance includes:

[0015] As described above, the palatal plate;

[0016] An orthodontic functional component is detachably disposed on the side of the palatal plate away from the contact surface. The orthodontic functional component has a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole, and the orthodontic functional component has a positioning part that matches the positioning component.

[0017] A locking element that passes through the second connecting hole and is detachably connected to the first connecting hole.

[0018] Optionally, the first connecting hole is an internal threaded hole, and the locking member is a limiting bolt; the limiting bolt includes a threaded shank and a clamping part disposed at the head of the threaded shank, the outer diameter of the clamping part is larger than the diameter of the second connecting hole, the threaded shank passes through the second connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole, so as to clamp the orthodontic functional member onto the mounting part through the clamping part.

[0019] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component includes a molar indentation element, the molar indentation element comprising:

[0020] A first mounting plate, wherein a second connecting hole is provided in the middle portion, and a pair of first positioning holes serving as the positioning part are provided on the first mounting plate;

[0021] A depressor link is connected to the first mounting plate and extends from the first mounting plate toward the molar region to apply a depressor force to the molar.

[0022] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component includes an anterior retraction component, the anterior retraction component comprising:

[0023] The second mounting plate has a second connecting hole in its middle part, and a pair of second positioning holes serving as the positioning part are provided on the second mounting plate.

[0024] An inward-retracting pull rod is connected to the second mounting plate and extends into the anterior tooth region. The end of the inward-retracting pull rod is provided with a hook for traction of the anterior teeth.

[0025] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component includes a molar distalization component, the molar distalization component comprising:

[0026] The third mounting plate has the second connecting hole in its middle part, and the third mounting plate has a pair of third positioning holes as the positioning part.

[0027] An elastic telescopic component is connected to the third mounting plate and extends toward the tooth grinding direction. The elastic telescopic component includes a telescopic push rod and an elastic element sleeved inside or around the telescopic push rod. A push ring is fixedly connected to the movable end of the telescopic push rod.

[0028] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0029] 1. The palatal plate of this application achieves stable fixation to the oral tissue in one step through the fixing part on the base plate, and a mounting part with a first connecting hole is provided on the side of the base plate away from the mating surface, serving as a standardized universal interface. At different stages of orthodontic treatment, doctors do not need to reinsert or re-insert anchorage screws; they only need to press the orthodontic functional components onto the mounting part using locking devices. This enables detachable connection and rapid replacement of orthodontic functional components, greatly simplifying clinical operations and significantly reducing patient suffering and secondary trauma.

[0030] 2. By setting a positioning element on the substrate that is offset from the axis of the first connecting hole, the positioning element and the first connecting hole form a non-coaxial geometric constraint system in space. When the locking element locks the orthodontic functional component in the mounting part, the positioning element cooperates with the positioning part on the orthodontic functional component, physically preventing the orthodontic functional component from rotating or tilting around the first connecting hole, effectively counteracting the chewing force or orthodontic torque inside the oral cavity, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the orthodontic force direction.

[0031] 3. The first fixing part is distributed on both sides of the mounting part along the first direction, while the positioning part is distributed on both sides of the mounting part along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The cross-shaped geometric layout with the fixing direction and the positioning direction perpendicular to each other creates excellent mechanical bridging resistance in the plane, significantly improving the overturning and torsional resistance of the entire device under complex stress environments inside the mouth.

[0032] 4. A second limiting hole (second fixation part) is added on the side of the first fixation part away from the installation part, providing a backup implantation site when the local bone condition is poor or additional anchorage is required in clinical practice; the base plate, fixation part, installation part and positioning part can be manufactured as a whole, so that it fits the shape of the patient's palatal mucosa very closely, with good structural integrity and high mechanical strength, which improves wearing comfort.

[0033] 5. By setting a clamping part on the locking component with an outer diameter larger than that of the second connecting hole, a stable surface contact clamping is formed between the clamping part and the orthodontic functional component. This not only provides a uniform and stable clamping force, but also effectively prevents the locking component from loosening or shifting in the dynamic environment of the oral cavity, avoiding additional stimulation or damage to the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity, and further improving the safety and comfort of the device.

[0034] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the palatal plate structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the molar depressor structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the molar indentation member and the palatal plate in use in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anterior tooth retractor structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anterior tooth retractor and palatal plate in use in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distal moving part of the molar pusher in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the use of the distal molar movement component and the palatal plate in the embodiments of this application.

[0044] Reference numerals: 1. Base plate; 2. Fixing part; 21. First fixing part; 211. First limiting hole; 22. Second fixing part; 221. Second limiting hole; 3. Mounting part; 31. First connecting hole; 4. Positioning member; 41. Positioning arm; 42. Positioning pin; 5. Locking member; 51. Threaded rod part; 52. Pressing part; 53. Contour mounting hole; 6. Grinding tooth pressing member; 61. First mounting plate; 611. First ring; 612. First positioning hole; 62. Pressing connecting rod; 621. First pull rod; 622. Connecting rod; 623. Second pull rod; 624. Stop block; 7. Anterior tooth retraction component; 71. Second mounting plate; 711. Second ring; 712. Second positioning hole; 72. Retraction pull rod; 721. Hook part; 8. Distal movement component for pushing the molar; 81. Third mounting plate; 811. Third ring; 812. Third positioning hole; 82. Elastic telescopic component; 821. Telescopic push rod; 822. Elastic component; 823. Push ring; 9. Second connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In orthodontic treatment, braces apply continuous corrective forces to the teeth, inducing periodontal tissue remodeling, thereby achieving tooth movement and correcting malocclusion. During treatment, anchorage refers to the anchor points that provide the reaction force for tooth movement; its stability directly affects the treatment outcome and facial profile improvement. Traditional straight-wire orthodontic techniques are prone to anchorage loss during treatment, affecting the corrective effect. Therefore, current orthodontic treatment typically involves implanting anchorages of corresponding positions and shapes within the oral cavity based on the different areas to be corrected, ensuring the braces conform to the patient's oral contour, improving orthodontic accuracy, and preventing anchorage loss.

[0047] However, existing conventional orthodontic components are usually designed only for specific orthodontic purposes, such as molar intrusion or anterior tooth retraction. If a change in treatment is needed, the entire orthodontic component usually needs to be replaced, which leads to complicated clinical procedures, longer treatment cycles, and increased costs. Moreover, when replacing the component, anchorage screws need to be re-implanted in the corresponding position in the patient's mouth, causing more wounds to the patient's mouth and increasing the patient's discomfort and risk of infection.

[0048] This application provides a palatal plate and an orthodontic device including the palatal plate, aiming to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The palatal plate is used in conjunction with orthodontic functional components and locking components. The palatal plate mainly includes a base plate 1, a fixing part 2, a mounting part 3, and a positioning member 4. The base plate 1 is fixed to the oral cavity by the fixing part 2, and the mounting part 3 and the positioning member 4 are both disposed on the base plate 1, respectively used to achieve detachable connection and circumferential positioning with the orthodontic functional components.

[0049] In one optional embodiment, the substrate 1 has a fitting surface for conforming to the palate, the shape of which closely matches the anatomical shape of the patient's palate to achieve a tight and comfortable fit with the palatal mucosa. The substrate 1 is provided with a fixing part 2 for fixing to oral tissues, the fixing part 2 being used in conjunction with bone anchors to stably fix the substrate 1 to the palatal bone tissue in one go.

[0050] The mounting portion 3 is located at the middle position on the side of the substrate 1 facing away from the contact surface, that is, in the central region of the side of the substrate 1 facing the inside of the oral cavity. Optionally, in a specific structure, the mounting portion 3 is a protruding top platform. The top of the top platform has a flat planar structure, which serves as a supporting and pressing surface for close contact and abutment with the bottom surface of the orthodontic functional component to provide stable surface contact support. A first connecting hole 31 is provided in the middle of the top platform. The first connecting hole 31 is used to cooperate with a locking member to achieve locking and fixation, thereby firmly pressing and fixing the orthodontic functional component onto the planar structure of the top platform.

[0051] In one optional embodiment, the inner wall of the first connecting hole 31 is machined with internal threads to form an internally threaded hole for engaging with a threaded locking component; in another optional embodiment, the first connecting hole 31 may also be a snap-fit ​​hole or a plug-in hole with a locking groove for engaging with a snap-fit ​​or plug-in locking component. By providing a top platform with a flat surface at the middle position of the substrate 1, not only is the local mechanical strength of the mounting part 3 improved, but a stable central support interface is also constructed between the mounting part 3 and the orthodontic functional component, preventing the orthodontic functional component from swinging or flipping under force.

[0052] The positioning element 4 is disposed on the substrate 1, and the positioning element 4 is offset from the axis of the first connecting hole 31. That is, the positioning element 4 and the first connecting hole 31 are offset from each other and non-coaxially distributed on the plane projection of the substrate 1. The positioning element 4 is used to cooperate with the positioning part on the orthodontic functional component. In an optional embodiment, the positioning element 4 includes a pair of positioning arms 41, which extend from the substrate 1 to both sides along a second direction. A positioning pin 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning arm 41 away from the mating surface. Further, the positioning pin 42 can be a cylindrical positioning pin, or a prismatic, stepped, or other structure with positioning and guiding functions.

[0053] With the above structure, when the orthodontic component is installed on the mounting part 3 in the middle position, the bottom surface of the orthodontic component fits against the planar structure of the top platform. The positioning pin 42 extending upward from the positioning arm 41 cooperates with the positioning part (such as the positioning hole) on the orthodontic component, forming a non-coaxial multi-point geometric constraint system in the plane. This physically prevents the orthodontic component from rotating or tilting around the first connecting hole 31 in the circumferential direction, effectively counteracting the complex torque effect in the mouth and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the orthodontic force direction. In addition, the detachable cooperation between the first connecting hole 31 and the locking member allows the locking member to be detachably connected to the mounting part 3, thereby pressing and fixing the orthodontic component or releasing the locking member for replacement. This achieves rapid and non-invasive replacement of the orthodontic component without removing the palatal plate or re-implanting the anchorage screw, effectively reducing the complexity of clinical operation and patient trauma.

[0054] Furthermore, the specific structure of the aforementioned fixing part 2 can be implemented in various ways. In one optional embodiment, the fixing part 2 includes at least one pair of first fixing parts 21. The at least one pair of first fixing parts 21 are distributed along a first direction on opposite sides of the mounting part 3. The first direction referred to here is the longitudinal direction or length direction of the base plate 1, that is, the direction approximately parallel to the dental arch. Each first fixing part 21 has a first limiting hole 211, which is used to insert an anchoring screw. After the anchoring screw passes through the first limiting hole 211, it is screwed into the bone tissue of the palate, thereby fixing the palatal plate to the palate. Preferably, the first fixing parts 21 can be provided at both ends of the base plate 1, and each first fixing part 21 extends outward from the base plate 1 to form an ear-shaped structure, and the first limiting hole 211 is opened on the ear-shaped structure. After the anchoring screw passes through the first limiting hole 211, its head presses against the upper surface of the first fixing part 21, thereby firmly fixing the base plate 1 to the palate. Optionally, the number of first fixing parts 21 may be two or more, for example, two first fixing parts 21 may be provided at each end of the substrate 1 to further improve the fixation stability.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, to further improve the retention reliability of the palatal plate, the fixing part 2 further includes a second fixing part 22. The second fixing part 22 is located on the side of the first fixing part 21 away from the mounting part 3, that is, the second fixing part 22 is located outside the first fixing part 21. The second fixing part 22 has a second limiting hole 221. The second limiting hole 221 can serve as a reserved auxiliary fixing hole. When the anchorage screw in the first limiting hole 211 becomes loose due to bone resorption, chewing force, etc., or when there is poor local bone quality in clinical practice requiring additional anchorage, the doctor can insert an additional anchorage screw into the second limiting hole 221 and screw it into the palatal bone tissue, thereby achieving auxiliary reinforcement without removing the original palatal plate. This structural design provides dual retention protection, effectively extending the service life of the palatal plate and reducing the need for overall palatal plate replacement due to anchorage screw loosening. Of course, even if the anchorage nail in the first limiting hole 211 does not loosen, the doctor can add an anchorage nail in the second limiting hole 221 according to clinical needs to achieve a more stable double-row pile reinforcement effect.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the specific arrangement of the positioning members 4 can be further optimized. The positioning members 4 are configured as at least one pair, distributed along a second direction on opposite sides of the mounting portion 3. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. That is, the first direction is the length direction of the base plate 1 (approximately along the dental arch direction), and the second direction is the width direction of the base plate 1 (approximately perpendicular to the dental arch direction). Specifically, a pair of positioning members 4 extend outwards from the left and right sides of the mounting portion 3 at the middle position (i.e., along the second direction) to form positioning arms 41, and positioning pins 42 (such as cylindrical positioning pins) extend upwards from each positioning arm 41. Through this orthogonal distribution, the positioning members 4 and the first fixing portion 21 are arranged in mutually perpendicular directions, forming a mutually perpendicular cross-shaped geometric layout, so that the palatal plate can remain stable when subjected to orthodontic forces in different directions. The first fixing part 21 is arranged along the first direction to provide fixing along the length direction of the substrate 1, and the positioning part 4 is arranged along the second direction to provide anti-rotation limiting along the width direction of the substrate 1. The two together form an excellent mechanical bridging impedance in the plane, which significantly improves the overturning and torsion resistance of the entire device under complex stress environment inside the mouth.

[0057] Preferably, the substrate 1, the fixing part 2, the mounting part 3 (including the top platform and planar structure), and the positioning part 4 (including the positioning arm 41 and the positioning pin 42) are integrally formed. This integral forming can be achieved using 3D printing technology. Specifically, firstly, a digital impression of the patient's palate is obtained using an intraoral scanner to acquire three-dimensional data of the patient's palate morphology; then, based on the obtained three-dimensional data, a three-dimensional model of the palate plate is designed using computer-aided design software, ensuring that the fitting surface of the substrate 1 matches the palate morphology of the patient's palate; finally, the designed three-dimensional model data is imported into a 3D printer, and 3D printing is performed using biocompatible materials to obtain a palate plate that is individually fitted to the patient's palate. Biocompatible materials can include titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, medical-grade resin, or polyetheretherketone (PEEK), etc. The one-piece molding structure not only simplifies the manufacturing process and improves production efficiency, but also eliminates the gaps between components, making it highly compatible with the shape of the patient's palatal mucosa. This enhances the overall structural strength of the palatal plate and avoids problems such as insufficient connection strength, dirt accumulation, or biocompatibility caused by welding or bonding. This improves the patient's comfort and oral hygiene safety.

[0058] This application embodiment also provides an orthodontic device, which includes a palatal plate, an orthodontic functional component, and a locking component 5 as described above. The orthodontic functional component is detachably disposed on the side of the palatal plate opposite to the contact surface, i.e., the orthodontic functional component is mounted on the top platform at the middle position of the palatal plate. A ring (or annular structure) is formed in the middle of the orthodontic functional component, and a second connecting hole 9 corresponding to the first connecting hole 31 is provided through the middle of the ring. The orthodontic functional component also has a positioning part (such as a positioning hole) that matches the positioning pin 42 on the positioning component 4. The locking component 5 passes through the second connecting hole 9 and is detachably connected to the first connecting hole 31.

[0059] Through the engagement of locking member 5 with the first connecting hole 31 and the second connecting hole 9, the ring in the middle of the orthodontic functional component is fixedly pressed against the planar structure of the top platform of the palate plate. When the orthodontic functional component needs to be replaced, simply release the locking relationship between locking member 5 and the first connecting hole 31 to remove the orthodontic functional component from the palate plate, then install another orthodontic functional component, and then re-lock it using locking member 5. In the connection relationship between the orthodontic functional component and the palate plate, the positioning pin 42 extending upward from the positioning arm 41 engages with the positioning part on the orthodontic functional component, playing a guiding and positioning role during the installation of the orthodontic functional component, ensuring accurate alignment of the second connecting hole 9 and the first connecting hole 31; after the orthodontic functional component is installed, the engagement between the positioning pin 42 and the positioning part plays a circumferential limiting role, preventing the orthodontic functional component from rotating due to the orthodontic force during use.

[0060] In one alternative implementation, the specific mating structure between the locking member 5 and the connecting hole can take many forms.

[0061] Optionally, the first connecting hole 31 is an internally threaded hole located in the center of the top platform, and the locking member 5 is a limiting bolt. The limiting bolt includes a threaded shank 51 at the tail end, a clamping part 52 on the head side of the threaded shank 51, and a contoured mounting hole 53 at the head of the limiting bolt. The diameter (or outer diameter) of the clamping part 52 is larger than the diameter of the first connecting hole 31, and the outer diameter of the clamping part 52 is larger than the diameter of the second connecting hole 9. When installing the orthodontic functional component, the ring in the middle of the orthodontic functional component is aligned with the top platform, so that the second connecting hole 9 is aligned with the first connecting hole 31. Then, the threaded shank 51 of the limiting bolt passes through the second connecting hole 9 and is screwed into the internally threaded hole on the top platform. As the threaded shank 51 gradually screws into the internally threaded hole, the clamping part 52 contacts the ring of the orthodontic functional component and applies a clamping force towards the patient's palate, firmly fixing the orthodontic functional component between the top platform and the clamping part 52 of the limiting bolt. Because the diameter of the clamping part 52 is larger than the diameter of the second connecting hole 9, the clamping part 52 can reliably support and slide downwards to press against the orthodontic functional component without sinking into the second connecting hole 9. Simultaneously, the large contact area between the clamping part 52 and the ring of the orthodontic functional component, as well as between the bottom surface of the ring and the top platform structure, helps to disperse the clamping force and avoid localized stress concentration that could damage the orthodontic functional component. Furthermore, the friction between the clamping part 52 and the ring effectively resists the loosening tendency of the threaded connection under the dynamic environment of oral cavity vibration or chewing impact, significantly improving the reliability of the connection. The contoured mounting hole 53 is used to engage with specialized tightening tools (such as an Allen wrench, Phillips screwdriver, etc.) for tightening or loosening operations, thereby enabling quick assembly and disassembly of different orthodontic functional components and improving the convenience of clinical operation.

[0062] In another alternative embodiment, the locking member 5 and the first connecting hole 31 can also be engaged by a non-threaded snap-fit ​​or plug-in connection. Correspondingly, the locking member 5 also has a three-section structure, including a locking part (such as a snap-fit ​​end or a pin end) located at the tail, a pressing part 52 (or a stop part) located above the locking part and with an outer diameter larger than the second connecting hole 9, and an operating part located at the head for use with tools or hand operation; the first connecting hole 31 is provided with a slot or pin hole that matches the locking part. During installation, the locking part passes through the second connecting hole 9 and engages with the slot in the first connecting hole 31 or is locked by plugging in the pin hole. The pressing part 52 applies a pressing force towards the hard palate to the orthodontic functional component, which can also securely fix the orthodontic functional component to the top platform.

[0063] In one alternative implementation, orthodontic components can take on a variety of different structural forms to accommodate specific orthodontic needs at different stages of orthodontic treatment.

[0064] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component is a molar indentation component 6. The molar indentation component 6 includes a first mounting plate 61 and two indentation connecting rods 62. A first ring 611 (or a first annular structure) is formed in the middle of the first mounting plate 61, and a second connecting hole 9 is opened in the middle of the first ring 611. That is, the second connecting hole 9 on the orthodontic functional component passes through the first ring 611 in the middle of the first mounting plate 61, and the bottom surface of the first mounting plate 61 and the first ring 611 are attached to the planar structure of the top platform. The first mounting plate 61 extends relative to each other along the second direction (i.e., the width direction of the base plate 1), and one of the indentation connecting rods 62 is connected to each end of the first mounting plate 61. A pair of first positioning holes 612, which serve as positioning parts, are opened on the first mounting plate 61, and the first positioning holes 612 are correspondingly engaged with positioning pins 42 (such as cylindrical positioning pins) on the palatal plate.

[0065] Further, each of the depressor links 62 includes a first pull rod 621, a connecting rod 622, and a second pull rod 623 connected in sequence. Specifically, one end of the first pull rod 621 is fixedly connected to the side of the first mounting plate 61 away from the mating surface and extends in a direction away from the base plate 1 (or generally extends in the height direction); the connecting rod 622 is connected to the end of the first pull rod 621 away from the first mounting plate 61, and the connecting rod 622 extends generally in a first direction (i.e., the length direction of the base plate 1 or generally parallel to the dental arch direction); the second pull rod 623 is connected to the connecting rod 622 and bends and extends from the connecting rod 622 toward the mating surface, such that the end of the second pull rod 623 is close to the patient's molar area. A stop 624 is fixedly connected to the end of the second pull rod 623. The stop block 624 is used to limit or fix the traction component (such as a pull rope or elastic cord). One end of the traction component is connected to the depressor 62, and the other end is connected to the molar to be corrected (such as a molar bracket or traction hook), so that the traction component applies a depressor force towards the alveolar bone to the molar. When the molar depressor 6 is installed on the palatal plate, the traction component tightens the depressor 62 to the molar, thereby effectively counteracting molar elongation or correcting open bite. The structure of the depressor 62, through spatial extension, realizes a precise force application path from the palatal mounting area to the molar area, so that the orthodontic force can be accurately transmitted to the target tooth. Optionally, the depressor 62 can also adopt other forms such as an arc-shaped link, as long as it can extend from the first mounting plate 61 to the molar area and apply a depressor force.

[0066] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component is an anterior tooth retraction component 7. The anterior tooth retraction component 7 includes a second mounting plate 71 and a retraction lever 72. A second ring 711 (or a second annular structure) is formed in the middle of the second mounting plate 71, and a second connecting hole 9 is opened in the middle of the second ring 711. That is, the second connecting hole 9 on the orthodontic functional component passes through the second ring 711 in the middle of the second mounting plate 71, and the bottom surface of the second mounting plate 71 and the second ring 711 are attached to the planar structure of the top platform. The second mounting plate 71 extends relative to each other along a second direction (i.e., the width direction of the base plate 1), and a pair of second positioning holes 712 serving as the positioning part are opened on the second mounting plate 71. The second positioning holes 712 are fitted one-to-one with the positioning pins 42 (such as cylindrical positioning pins) on the palatal plate. The retraction lever 72 is connected to the second mounting plate 71 and extends to the anterior tooth region. Optionally, the retraction rods 72 are provided as a pair, respectively connected to opposite ends of the second mounting plate 71 extending along the second direction. Each retraction rod 72 has a hook portion 721 at its end for traction of the anterior teeth. The hook portion 721 can be hook-shaped, ring-shaped, or other structures that can cooperate with orthodontic brackets or traction hooks. In use, the hook portion 721 hooks onto the bracket or traction hook of the anterior teeth (such as canines or incisors). Since the palatal plate is fixed to the palate as absolute anchorage, the anterior tooth retraction member 7 applies a continuous backward (i.e., palatal) traction force to the anterior teeth through the hook portion 721, thereby achieving a large-scale overall retraction of the anterior teeth and effectively improving dentofacial deformities such as protruding mouth.

[0067] Optionally, the orthodontic functional component is a molar distal movement component 8. The molar distal movement component 8 includes a third mounting plate 81 and an elastic telescopic component 82. A third ring 811 (or a third annular structure) is formed in the middle of the third mounting plate 81. The second connecting hole 9 is opened in the middle of the third ring 811, that is, the second connecting hole 9 on the orthodontic functional component passes through the third ring 811 in the middle of the third mounting plate 81. The bottom surface of the third mounting plate 81 and the third ring 811 are attached to the planar structure of the top platform. The third mounting plate 81 extends relative to each other along a second direction (i.e., the width direction of the base plate 1). A pair of third positioning holes 812, serving as the positioning part, are opened on the third mounting plate 81. The third positioning holes 812 are fitted one-to-one with positioning pins 42 (such as cylindrical positioning pins) on the palatal plate. The elastic telescopic component 82 is connected to the third mounting plate 81 and extends towards the molar direction. Preferably, the elastic telescopic components 82 are provided as a pair, respectively connected to opposite ends of the third mounting plate 81 extending along the second direction. Each elastic telescopic component 82 includes a telescopic push rod 821 and an elastic element 822 sleeved inside or around the telescopic push rod 821. A push ring 823 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the telescopic push rod 821. The push ring 823 is used to abut against the mesial surface of the molar or to be sleeved on the molar band. When the distal molar movement component 8 is installed on the palatal plate, the push ring 823 abuts against the mesial surface of the molar, and the elastic element 822 is compressed and continuously releases a gentle elastic force, pushing the molar distally (posteriorly) to achieve distal molar movement without extraction. The elastic element 822 can be a nickel-titanium helical spring, or a leaf spring, disc spring, elastic rubber, or other components with elastic repositioning function. The setting of the elastic element 822 makes the orthodontic force gentler and more continuous, conforming to the physiological bone remodeling law, which is conducive to improving the orthodontic effect and reducing patient discomfort. The telescopic nature of the telescopic push rod 821 allows for strict guidance and limitation of the deformation stroke of the elastic element 822, preventing lateral bending instability or dislodgement of the elastic element 822 under pressure. The push ring 823, which is fixedly connected to the movable end of the telescopic push rod 821, is preferably an annular or semi-annular structure to form a stable abutment fit with the molar, preventing the push ring 823 from slipping off the surface of the molar.

[0068] Optionally, during clinical use, the aforementioned orthodontic functional components—including the molar intrusion component 6, the anterior retraction component 7, and the molar distal movement component 8—can be selected and replaced non-invasively in stages according to the needs of the treatment plan. Clinicians can choose to install at least one of the molar intrusion component 6, the anterior retraction component 7, or the molar distal movement component 8 onto the palatal plate, based on the patient's current treatment stage and specific needs. For example, in the initial stage of treatment, the molar intrusion component 6 can be installed first for molar intrusion treatment; after the molar intrusion achieves the desired effect, the molar intrusion component 6 can be removed from the palatal plate and replaced with the anterior retraction component 7 for anterior retraction treatment; finally, if necessary, the anterior retraction component 7 can be replaced with the molar distal movement component 8 for molar distal movement treatment. Throughout the treatment process, the palatal plate and anchorage screws remain fixed, eliminating the need for repeated implantation or removal, thus achieving staged non-invasive replacement and precise force control of orthodontic functional components.

[0069] When it is necessary to replace the orthodontic component, the specific operating steps are as follows: First, release the locking member 5 from the first connecting hole 31 (e.g., use a special screwdriver to insert into the contour mounting hole 53 and loosen the bolt counterclockwise, or release the clip / pin), and completely remove or release the locking member 5. At this time, the orthodontic component loses the downward pressure limit of the locking member 5's pressing part 52, but the engagement between the positioning pin 42 and the positioning part still maintains the relative position of the orthodontic component and the palate plate, preventing it from accidentally falling out of the mouth. Then, lift the original orthodontic component from the top platform of the mounting part 3 in the middle position and remove it, so that the positioning hole on the orthodontic component is completely disengaged from the positioning pin 42, and the original orthodontic component can be removed from the patient's mouth. Next, place the new orthodontic component on the top platform, aligning the second connecting hole 9 on the middle ring of the new orthodontic component with the first connecting hole 31 on the top platform, and simultaneously fitting the positioning part on the new orthodontic component onto the positioning pin 42. Finally, the locking member 5 is passed through the second connecting hole 9 on the new orthodontic functional component's intermediate ring and locked in place with the first connecting hole 31 on the top plate. The clamping part 52 of the locking member 5 applies a clamping force towards the hard palate, firmly pressing the new orthodontic functional component's intermediate ring onto the planar structure of the top plate, completing the replacement. Throughout the replacement process, the anchorage screw remains stationary, and the hard palate plate remains fixed to the patient's hard palate. There is no need to remove the hard palate plate or re-implant the anchorage screw, effectively reducing the complexity of clinical procedures and significantly alleviating the patient's treatment pain and secondary trauma.

[0070] Specific embodiments have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A palatal plate, characterized in that, The palatal plate is used to cooperate with orthodontic functional components and locking components, and the palatal plate includes: A substrate having a fitting surface for fitting the palate, and a fixing part for fixing to oral tissues; The mounting part is disposed on the side of the substrate away from the bonding surface. The mounting part has a first connecting hole for detachably connecting the locking member. The locking member is used to press the orthodontic functional component onto the palatal plate. A positioning element is disposed on the substrate and offset from the axis of the first connecting hole. The positioning element is used to cooperate with the positioning part on the orthodontic functional component.

2. The palatal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing part includes at least one pair of first fixing parts, which are distributed along a first direction on opposite sides of the mounting part. The first fixing part is provided with a first limiting hole for inserting the anchoring nail.

3. The palatal plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing part further includes a second fixing part disposed on the side of the first fixing part away from the mounting part, and the second fixing part is provided with a second limiting hole.

4. The palatal plate according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The positioning element is provided as at least one pair, and the at least one pair of positioning elements are distributed on opposite sides of the mounting portion along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The palatal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate, the fixing part, the mounting part, and the positioning member are integrally formed.

6. An orthodontic appliance, characterized in that, include: The palatal plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; An orthodontic functional component is detachably disposed on the side of the palatal plate away from the contact surface. The orthodontic functional component has a second connecting hole corresponding to the first connecting hole, and the orthodontic functional component has a positioning part that matches the positioning component. A locking element that passes through the second connecting hole and is detachably connected to the first connecting hole.

7. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first connecting hole is an internal threaded hole, and the locking member is a limiting bolt; the limiting bolt includes a threaded shank and a clamping part disposed at the head of the threaded shank. The outer diameter of the clamping part is larger than the diameter of the second connecting hole. The threaded shank passes through the second connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole, so as to clamp the orthodontic functional member onto the mounting part through the clamping part.

8. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthodontic functional component includes a molar intrusion device, which comprises: A first mounting plate, wherein a second connecting hole is provided in the middle portion, and a pair of first positioning holes serving as the positioning part are provided on the first mounting plate; A depressor link is connected to the first mounting plate and extends from the first mounting plate toward the molar region to apply a depressor force to the molar.

9. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthodontic functional component includes an anterior retraction component, which includes: The second mounting plate has a second connecting hole in its middle part, and a pair of second positioning holes serving as the positioning part are provided on the second mounting plate. An inward-retracting pull rod is connected to the second mounting plate and extends into the anterior tooth region. The end of the inward-retracting pull rod is provided with a hook for traction of the anterior teeth.

10. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthodontic functional component includes a molar distalization component, which comprises: The third mounting plate has the second connecting hole in its middle part, and the third mounting plate has a pair of third positioning holes as the positioning part. An elastic telescopic component is connected to the third mounting plate and extends toward the tooth grinding direction. The elastic telescopic component includes a telescopic push rod and an elastic element sleeved inside or around the telescopic push rod. A push ring is fixedly connected to the movable end of the telescopic push rod.

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