Flexible vibration unit and flue gas wet desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification device

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible vibration unit applied to a washing tower for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and solid removal, and at least comprises a supporting rod fixed at a corresponding position of a flue gas inlet at a lower part of the washing tower and extending upward along an axis of the washing tower; and a flexible surface in a folded and bent shape and arranged on the supporting rod, used to form an expansion and contraction vibration of the flexible surface along the axis of the supporting rod under the driving of axial pressure pulsation of a flow field formed by turbulent fluid under the action of flue gas, and used to form transportation of flue gas bubbles in a radial direction in a jet flow state by extrusion at interval areas between adjacent bent parts of the flexible surface while breaking the flue gas bubbles on a surface of the flexible surface. Through the design of the flexible vibration unit and the arrangement of the flexible vibration unit at a corresponding position of a flue gas distributor of a bubble column or a corresponding position of a gap between a float valve and a tray of a float valve tower, the application can effectively improve a bubble phase interface, improve the removal efficiency of flue gas impurities by a single tower, and has the effects of anti-blocking and anti-deposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wet flue gas desulfurization and denitrification technology, and particularly to a flexible vibration unit and a device for wet flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification. Background Technology

[0002] SO2 is often present in the flue gas produced by processes such as thermal power generation, coal chemical industry, waste incineration, and catalytic cracking. x NO x And pollutants such as particulate matter. With increasingly stringent environmental policies, the "Integrated Emission Standard for Air Pollutants" requires SO2 emissions to be... x NO x And the solid particulate matter must respectively meet the requirement of ≤100mg / Nm 3 ≤200mg / Nm 3 ≤50mg / Nm 3 Only then can it be released into the atmosphere.

[0003] Currently, wet removal methods are commonly used to simultaneously treat SO2-containing substances. x NO x And flue gas containing solid particulate matter: by adding alkaline NaOH or Ca(OH)2 to water and SO2 in the flue gas x NO x And utilize the strong hydrophilicity of solid particles to remove solid particles from flue gas using water. Because SO x NO x Since solid particles are in the gas phase while NaOH or Ca(OH)2 is in the liquid phase, it is necessary to disperse the continuous flue gas into small bubbles to increase the gas-liquid mass transfer area. Therefore, multiphase flow equipment that can generate an atmospheric-liquid interface, such as bubble column towers, circulating column towers, sieve plate towers, and valve train towers, are commonly used for desulfurization, denitrification, and solid removal to achieve good removal results.

[0004] However, the removed solid particles enter the liquid phase and deposit on the flue gas distributor or tray under gravity, easily clogging the pores of the distributor or tray; moreover, due to cost considerations, the cheaper Ca(OH)2 is often used in industry to remove SO2. x NO xThe generated CaSO3 and CaSO4 are only slightly soluble in water and easily adhere to the pores of the distributor or tray, reducing the pore size. Therefore, the pore size of the flue gas distributor needs to be designed to be larger, typically 10mm to 20mm. Larger pore sizes result in larger bubbles and a smaller open area, leading to poorer initial bubble distribution. The combined effect of these two factors reduces the gas-liquid interface and decreases the removal rate of impurities from the flue gas. Current industrial plants increase the number of stages to improve impurity removal efficiency, such as the GE process using multi-stage bubble columns in series; Shell and OMB use multi-stage bubble columns in series after filtration or cyclone separation. However, this not only increases equipment investment but also generates large amounts of industrial wastewater, increasing the load on downstream wastewater treatment and hindering long-term enterprise development and environmental protection.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a flexible vibration unit and a flue gas wet desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification device (i.e., a scrubbing tower). A flexible vibration unit that improves the bubble phase interface, increases the efficiency of a single device in removing impurities from flue gas, and is resistant to clogging and deposition can be installed in the scrubbing tower to improve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible vibration unit and a flue gas wet desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification device. By designing the flexible vibration unit and placing it at the corresponding position of the flue gas distributor in the bubble tower or at the corresponding position of the gap between the floating valve and the tray in the floating valve tower, the bubble phase interface can be effectively improved, the removal efficiency of a single tower for flue gas impurities can be increased, and it also has the functions of anti-clogging and anti-deposition.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a flexible vibration unit is provided for use in a scrubbing tower for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification. The unit comprises at least: a support rod fixed at a corresponding position at the lower flue gas inlet of the scrubbing tower and extending upward along the axial direction of the scrubbing tower; and a flexible surface folded and bent and threaded onto the support rod. Driven by the axial pressure pulsation of the turbulent fluid flow field under the action of flue gas, the flexible surface undergoes expansion and contraction vibration in the axial direction of the support rod. Through compression at the interval between adjacent bends of the flexible surface, flue gas bubbles are broken on the surface of the flexible surface, while simultaneously transporting the flue gas bubbles in the jet state in the radial direction.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the scrubbing tower can be a bubbling tower or a floating valve tower; the aforementioned flue gas inlet refers to the jet hole of the flue gas distributor of the bubbling tower or the jet gap between the floating valve and the tray of the floating valve tower; the support rod can be fixed on the flue gas distributor or between adjacent jet gaps on the tray through the base, so that the flue gas is sprayed upward from the bottom of the flexible surface, driving the flexible surface to vibrate.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of flexible vibration units is multiple, and is comparable to the number of jet holes or jet gaps.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, there can be multiple flexible surfaces combined into a structural array, and the bending directions of different flexible surfaces are set at a certain angle; when there are two flexible surfaces, the angle is 90° and the two flexible surfaces overlap.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the support rod may be provided with an elastic bracket, which extends in the same direction as the flexible surface and is fixedly connected to the flexible surface, in order to reinforce the vibration effect of the flexible surface under high load conditions of the washing tower.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a fixing element can be provided at the top of the support rod to restrict the vibration of the flexible surface within the range of the support rod. The fixing element is preferably a cross-shaped or star-shaped rod structure, and the outer surface of the rod structure is preferably a rough surface. The rough surface can be grooves uniformly arranged radially along the rod structure and extending axially, used to intercept and adsorb the removed solid particles that have entered the liquid phase. The rough surface can be pre-soaked in a solution (e.g., CaSO3 and CaSO4 solutions) after desulfurization using an alkaline medium (e.g., Ca(OH)2) for washing.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the flexible surface is a thin surface made of stainless steel or carbon steel (preferably used in an oil phase as the continuous phase), or a thin surface made of polymer (preferably used in an aqueous phase as the continuous phase).

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the fastener can be made of an elastic polymer material.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, holes can be evenly distributed on the flexible surface to enhance the shearing effect of bubbles under high load conditions in the scrubbing tower.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the length of the support rod can be 150mm to 200mm; the width of the flexible surface can be 30mm to 60mm.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification device, which adopts a scrubbing tower structure and the aforementioned flexible vibration unit. The scrubbing tower can be a bubbling tower or a floating valve tower.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, when the scrubbing tower is a bubbling tower, the flue gas distributor is set at the bottom of the bubbling tower and is in the form of a horizontal cross; multiple flexible vibration units are set between adjacent jet holes of the flue gas distributor, and the flexible surface is ensured to be above the jet hole.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the radial angle of each flexible vibration unit is the same, or the radial angles of adjacent flexible vibration units differ by 45°.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, when the scrubbing tower is a floating valve tower, multiple floating valves are arranged in rows and evenly spaced on each tray; multiple flexible vibration units are arranged on the tray between each row of floating valves, and the flexible surface is located obliquely above the jet gap between the corresponding floating valve and the tray.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) This invention, through the flexible surface bending structure design and axial vibration along the support rod, ensures frequent and effective collisions between the bubbles and the flexible surface during the initial operation of the scrubbing tower. These collisions break large bubbles into smaller ones. In addition, the impact force generated by the vibration compresses the liquid phase in the interval area between adjacent bends, which can transport these broken small bubbles radially, thereby improving the initial distribution of bubbles, increasing the gas-liquid mass transfer area, and improving the removal efficiency of impurities in flue gas. Furthermore, the axial vibration of the flexible surface can lift the particles deposited at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, preventing them from clogging the jet holes of the flue gas distributor or the jet gap between the float valve and the tray, and preventing the removed particles from forming dead zones and caking at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, thereby improving the distribution effect of flue gas and extending the operating cycle of the scrubbing tower.

[0024] 2) The arrangement of multiple flexible vibration units in this invention allows the flue gas at each position in the scrubbing tower to have the opportunity to collide with the flexible surface. The uniform spacing of the multiple flexible vibration units enables the radial transport of bubbles to be conducted, which can more effectively transport the bubbles in the central area of ​​the scrubbing tower to the side wall area, thereby improving the initial distribution of bubbles and increasing the gas-liquid mass transfer area.

[0025] 3) The flexible surface of the flexible vibration unit of this invention can be a thin surface made of stainless steel or carbon steel, or a thin surface made of polymer material. Because the flexible surface of this invention can vibrate under the action of gas and liquid, for example, when Ca(OH)2 is used as the alkaline medium for washing, the solid particles in the liquid phase or Ca... 2+It is impossible to deposit on the flexible surface, which affects the function of the flexible surface; and the flexible surface is made of polymer material, such as -[CF4]-, which has high mechanical strength and strong corrosion resistance. It will not be broken by gas and liquid under flue gas treatment conditions, nor will it be corroded by acidic media such as H2SO3, H2SO4, HNO3 or alkaline media such as NaOH, Ca(OH)2; in addition, the choice of the two materials is more adaptable to different application scenarios where the continuous phase is aqueous or oil.

[0026] 4) By setting an elastic bracket on the support rod, and the elastic bracket also bends repeatedly along the flexible surface, the present invention can be used to support and fix the flexible surface. The kinetic energy of the flue gas jet will cause the elastic bracket to compress and accumulate elastic potential energy, thereby causing the elastic bracket to stretch. Under high load conditions, the vibration of the flexible surface can still be guaranteed, thus strengthening the vibration effect of the flexible surface.

[0027] 5) The fixing component of the present invention serves two purposes: firstly, it limits the flexible surface to prevent it from detaching from the support rod; secondly, its rough surface, after being pre-soaked in the desulfurization solution of the alkaline medium used for washing, allows, for example, CaSO3 and CaSO4 to be adsorbed in the trench. During the operation of the washing tower, the fine CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles formed can continue to grow in the "trench". Since the fixing component is made of elastic material, when the CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles grow to a certain extent, they can fall off under the vibration of the fixing component and be discharged from the washing tower along with the solid particles. This reduces the difficulty for downstream wastewater treatment devices to capture fine CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles.

[0028] 6) The holes uniformly distributed on the flexible surface of the present invention can be used to enhance the shearing effect of bubbles under high load conditions in the scrubbing tower. During the vibration of the flexible surface, the shearing efficiency of the flexible surface on the bubbles can be effectively increased, thereby increasing the ratio of small bubbles in the scrubbing tower.

[0029] 7) When the flexible vibration unit of the present invention is used and applied to a bubble column or a floating valve column for desulfurization, denitrification and desolidification, the flexible vibration unit can improve the scale-up effect of the scrubbing column and broaden the lower limit of the scrubbing column's operation: Specifically, when the scale of the scrubbing column increases or when it is operating at a low load, the gas-liquid jet velocity usually gradually decreases along the radial direction of the scrubbing column, that is, the bubble concentration gradually decreases along the radial direction of the scrubbing column. The axial vibration of the flexible surface is driven by gas and liquid. The greater the gas-liquid jet velocity, the faster the axial vibration frequency of the flexible surface will be, the greater the vibration amplitude will be, the stronger the bubble breaking effect will be, the better the bubble transport effect from the center to the wall surface will be, and the more uniform the initial distribution of bubbles will be. This improves the uneven initial distribution of bubbles caused by the scale-up of the device and broadens the lower limit of the device's operation.

[0030] 8) When the flexible vibration unit of this invention is used in a bubbling tower or a valve train for desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification, the operating upper limit of the scrubbing tower can be expanded. Specifically, for flue gas scrubbing towers with high operating loads, the gas holdup basically does not change with the operating load, and the radial distribution of bubbles is relatively uniform. At this time, it is necessary to increase the gas-liquid mass transfer area by reducing the size of the bubbles. This can be achieved by setting a series of holes on the flexible surface to increase the shearing efficiency of the flexible surface on the bubbles during axial vibration, thereby increasing the ratio of small bubbles in the scrubbing tower and achieving the goal of continuing to increase the gas-liquid interface under high operating loads.

[0031] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the flexible vibration unit of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support structure used in the flexible surface of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the flexible vibration unit of the present invention (showing the elastic support and the holes on the flexible surface).

[0035] Figure 4 This is an axial view of the rod-shaped structure of the flexible surface top fixing member of the present invention (showing the grooves on the surface of the rod-shaped structure).

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the pressure fluctuation of the fluid above the flue gas distributor of the scrubbing tower of the present invention over time.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scrubbing tower of the present invention when it is a bubbling tower (showing the inlet and outlet positions of the gas and liquid phases and the structure of the flue gas distributor).

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the first arrangement of flexible vibration units on the flue gas distributor (the direction of the dashed arrow in the figure is the direction of flue gas flow).

[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second arrangement of the flexible vibration unit on the flue gas distributor.

[0040] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scrubbing tower of the present invention when it is a floating valve tower (showing the inlet and outlet positions of the gas and liquid phases, as well as the structure of the tower tray and the floating valve).

[0041] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of flexible vibration units on the central tower plate.

[0042] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of the middle tray (showing the jet gap between the tray and the float valve; the direction of the dashed arrow in the figure is the direction of flue gas flow).

[0043] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0044] 1-Flexible vibration unit, 11A-First flexible surface, 11B-Second flexible surface, 111-Bending part, 112-Hole, 12-Base, 13-Fixed part, 131-Groove, 14-Elastic support, 14A-First support, 14B-Second support;

[0045] 100-Bubbling tower, 101-Flue gas inlet pipe, 102-Flue gas distributor, 1021-Jet orifice, 103-Circulating liquid phase inlet, 104-Dust-laden liquid phase outlet, 105-Purified gas outlet;

[0046] 200-Bubbling tower, 201-Flue gas inlet, 202-Tray, 2020-Jet gap between tray and float valve, 2021-Float valve, 203-Circulating liquid phase inlet, 204-Dust-laden liquid phase outlet, 205-Purified gas outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0048] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0049] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0050] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a flexible vibration unit 1, mainly used in scrubbing towers for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification. It includes at least a support rod and a flexible surface. The support rod is fixed at a corresponding position at the lower flue gas inlet of the scrubbing tower and extends upward along the axial direction of the scrubbing tower. The flexible surface is folded and bent and passes through the support rod. Driven by the axial pressure pulsation of the turbulent fluid flow field under the action of flue gas, the flexible surface undergoes expansion and contraction vibration in the axial direction of the support rod. Through compression at the intervals between adjacent bends 111 of the flexible surface, flue gas bubbles are broken on the surface of the flexible surface, while simultaneously transporting the flue gas bubbles in the jet state radially.

[0052] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention, through the bending structure design of the flexible surface and the axial vibration along the support rod, the bubbles (i.e., flue gas) in the initial operation of the scrubbing tower can be guaranteed to form frequent and effective collisions with the flexible surface. The collisions can break large bubbles into smaller bubbles. In addition, the impact force generated by the vibration compresses the liquid phase in the interval area between adjacent bending parts, which can transport these broken small bubbles radially, thereby improving the initial distribution of bubbles, increasing the gas-liquid mass transfer area, and improving the removal efficiency of impurities in the flue gas. Furthermore, the axial vibration of the flexible surface can lift the particles deposited at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, preventing the particles from clogging the jet holes of the flue gas distributor or the jet gap between the float valve and the tray, and preventing the removed particles from forming dead zones and caking at the bottom of the scrubbing tower, thereby improving the distribution effect of the flue gas and extending the operating cycle of the scrubbing tower.

[0053] Further reference Figures 6 to 11The scrubbing tower of the present invention can be a bubbling tower 100 or a valve-fed tower 200; the flue gas inlet is the jet hole 1021 of the flue gas distributor 102 of the bubbling tower or the jet gap 2020 between the float valve 2021 and the tray 202 of the valve-fed tower; the support rod can be fixed to the flue gas distributor 202 by the base 12 (see reference). Figure 7 , Figure 8 ) or between adjacent jet gaps 2020 on tray 202 (reference) Figure 10 This causes the flue gas to be ejected upwards from below the bottom of the flexible surface. The length of the support rod can be 150mm to 200mm; the width of the flexible surface can be 30mm to 60mm.

[0054] The number of flexible surfaces is at least one, preferably multiple, and arranged in a structural array; when multiple flexible surfaces are used, the bending directions of the different flexible surfaces are set at a certain angle (i.e., the angle in the radial direction). When the number of flexible surfaces is two, the angle is preferably 90° and the two flexible surfaces overlap, that is... Figure 1 The first flexible surface 11A and the second flexible surface 11B have a radial angle of 90° and are bent and overlapped in the axial direction. Furthermore, the number of flexible vibration units 1 is multiple, and is comparable to the number of jet holes 1021 or jet gaps 2020 (see reference). Figure 7 , 8 and Figure 10 This configuration allows flue gas at every location in the scrubbing tower to collide with the flexible surface. The evenly spaced arrangement of multiple flexible vibration units facilitates radial transport of bubbles, enabling more efficient transport of bubbles from the central region to the sidewalls, thus improving the initial bubble distribution and increasing the gas-liquid mass transfer area. The flexible surface can be a thin surface made of stainless steel or carbon steel, or a thin surface made of polymer material. Because the flexible surface of this invention can vibrate under gas-liquid interaction, for example, when using Ca(OH)2 as the alkaline washing medium, solid particles in the liquid phase or Ca... 2+ It cannot be deposited on the flexible surface, affecting the function of the flexible surface; and the flexible surface is made of polymer material, such as -[CF4]-, which has high mechanical strength and strong corrosion resistance. Under flue gas treatment conditions, it will not be broken by gas and liquid, nor will it be corroded by acidic media such as H2SO3, H2SO4, HNO3 or alkaline media such as NaOH, Ca(OH)2.

[0055] Further as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, preferably but not limitingly, the support rod may be provided with an elastic bracket 14, which extends in the same direction as the flexible surface and is fixedly connected to the flexible surface. When the flexible surface adopts... Figure 1As shown in the two examples, the elastic support 14 includes a first support 14A and a second support 14B, which can be used to reinforce the vibration effect of the flexible surface under high load conditions in the scrubbing tower. The width of the elastic support 14 can be 1mm to 4mm, and the distance between each layer of the elastic support 14 is 20mm to 40mm. It should be noted that the flexible surface of the present invention can form an axial vibration effect under low load operating conditions. Scrubbing towers typically operate under turbulent conditions, and the pulsation of fluid particle velocity is one of the characteristics of turbulence. According to the Lagrange-Bernoulli integral, the pulsation of fluid particle velocity will lead to pressure pulsation in the flow field, especially near the jet orifice of the bubble column or the jet gap of the valve column. Continuous gas jets form bubbles, and the instability of the fluid in this process will exacerbate the pressure fluctuation at this point, forming... Figure 5 The pressure fluctuations shown can provide the power for the axial vibration of the flexible surface. However, when the scrubbing tower operates under high load conditions, the high velocity of the flue gas jet may cause the flexible surface to lose its vibration capability. Therefore, this invention provides an elastic bracket 14 on the support rod. The elastic bracket 14 also bends repeatedly along the flexible surface and is used to support and fix the flexible surface. The kinetic energy of the flue gas jet will cause the elastic bracket 14 to compress and accumulate elastic potential energy, thereby causing the elastic bracket to extend. This ensures the vibration of the flexible surface even under high load conditions, thus reinforcing the vibration effect of the flexible surface.

[0056] Further as Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, a fixing member 13 is provided at the top of the support rod to restrict the vibration of the flexible surface within the range of the support rod. The fixing member 13 can be a cross (see reference). Figure 1 , Figure 3 The structure can be either star-shaped (not shown in the figure) or a rod-like structure, wherein the outer surface of the rod-like structure is preferably a rough surface. The rough surface is further preferably grooves 131 (see reference) uniformly arranged radially along the rod-like structure and extending axially. Figure 4 This invention uses a rough surface pre-soaked in a solution obtained after desulfurization using an alkaline medium for scrubbing. The fixing element is preferably made of an elastic polymer material. The fixing element 13 of this invention serves two purposes: firstly, it limits the flexible surface, preventing it from detaching from the support rod; secondly, its rough surface is pre-soaked in a solution obtained after desulfurization using an alkaline medium for scrubbing. For example, when using Ca(OH)2 as the alkaline medium for flue gas scrubbing, by pre-immersing the "groove"-shaped rough surface in a solution containing CaSO3 and CaSO4, CaSO3 and CaSO4 can be adsorbed within the grooves. During the operation of the scrubbing tower, Ca(OH)2 absorbs SO3 from the flue gas. xAfterwards, the fine CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles formed can continue to grow in the "groove"; since the fixing element 13 is made of elastic material, when the CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles grow to a certain extent, they can fall off under the vibration of the fixing element and be discharged from the washing tower along with the solid particles. This can reduce the difficulty for downstream sewage treatment devices to capture fine CaSO3 and CaSO4 particles.

[0057] Further as Figure 3 As shown, preferably but not limitingly, the flexible surface of the present invention can be uniformly distributed with holes 112, which can be used to enhance the shearing effect of bubbles under high load conditions in the scrubbing tower. During the vibration of the flexible surface, the shearing efficiency of the flexible surface against bubbles can be effectively increased, thereby increasing the proportion of small bubbles in the scrubbing tower. The holes 112 are preferably circular holes with a diameter of 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0058] like Figures 6 to 11 As shown, the present invention also provides a flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification device. This device employs a scrubbing tower structure and incorporates multiple flexible vibration units 1. The scrubbing tower is either a bubbling tower 100 or a floating valve tower 200. (Reference) Figure 6 The bubble column 100 has a flue gas inlet pipe 101, a circulating liquid phase inlet 103, a dust-laden liquid phase outlet 104, and a purified gas outlet 105 installed on its wall. A flue gas distributor 102 is located at the bottom of the bubble column 100 and is horizontally cross-shaped. Multiple flexible vibration units 1 are arranged between adjacent jet holes 1021 of the flue gas distributor 102, ensuring that the flexible surface is above the jet holes. Further, preferably but not limitingly, the radial angle of each flexible vibration unit 1 can be the same (see reference). Figure 7 Alternatively, the arrangement can be such that the radial angles of adjacent flexible vibration units 1 differ by 45° (see reference). Figure 8 ). Further as Figures 9 to 11 As shown, when the scrubbing tower is a floating valve tower 200, multiple floating valves 2021 are arranged in rows and evenly spaced on each tray 202; multiple flexible vibration units 1 are arranged on the tray between each row of floating valves 2021, and the flexible surface is located obliquely above the jet gap between the corresponding floating valve 2021 and the tray 202.

[0059] When the flexible vibration unit 1 of the present invention is applied to a bubbling tower 100 or a valve tower 200 for desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification, the flexible vibration unit can improve the scale-up effect of the scrubbing tower and broaden its lower operating limit. Specifically, when the scale of the scrubbing tower increases or it operates at low load, the gas-liquid jet velocity usually gradually decreases along the radial direction of the scrubbing tower, meaning the bubble concentration gradually decreases along the radial direction. The axial vibration of the flexible surface is driven by the gas and liquid; the higher the gas-liquid jet velocity, the faster the axial vibration frequency of the flexible surface, the greater the vibration amplitude, the stronger the bubble-breaking effect, the better the bubble transport effect from the center to the wall, and the more uniform the initial bubble distribution. This improves the uneven initial bubble distribution caused by scale-up and broadens the lower operating limit of the device. Furthermore, the flexible vibration unit can also broaden the upper operating limit of the scrubbing tower. Specifically, for flue gas scrubbing towers operating at high loads, the gas holdup remains relatively constant regardless of the load, and the radial distribution of bubbles is already relatively uniform. In this case, it is necessary to increase the gas-liquid mass transfer area by reducing the bubble size. This can be achieved by creating a series of holes on the flexible surface to increase the shearing efficiency of the flexible surface on the bubbles during axial vibration, thereby increasing the proportion of small bubbles in the scrubbing tower and achieving the goal of further increasing the gas-liquid interface under high operating loads.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] refer to Figures 6 to 8 In this embodiment, a bubble column 100 is used, in which a flexible vibration unit 1 is installed. Continuous flue gas containing sulfur and nitrogen compounds is jetted through a spiderweb-shaped (i.e., horizontal cross) distributor, forming dispersed small bubbles within the bubble column 100. These bubbles come into countercurrent contact with fresh liquid feed entering from the middle of the bubble column, removing sulfur, nitrogen compounds, and particulate matter from the flue gas. The treated purified flue gas is discharged from the gas phase outlet at the top of the bubble column, while the dust-laden wastewater is discharged from the bottom of the bubble column. The flexible surface is made of a thin polymer material, and the fixing parts are made of silicone rubber. The flexible vibration unit 1 is mounted on the flue gas distributor 102. Figure 7 or Figure 8 Arrangement.

[0062] In this embodiment, by setting the flexible vibration unit 1 on the flue gas distributor 102, the fluctuation of fluid pressure near the distributor is transmitted to the flexible surface, thereby causing the flexible surface to vibrate up and down. The bubbles jetting from the distributor can collide with the flexible surface, thereby breaking the bubbles and transferring momentum to the flexible surface. Since the momentum transferred from the bubbles to the flexible surface is not constant, it will cause the flexible surface to vibrate up and down. The axial vibration of the flexible surface can form a vortex in the liquid phase around it, capturing and breaking the large bubbles coming out of the distributor into small bubbles. Due to the amplification effect, the jet velocity of the bubbles will gradually decrease along the radial direction of the bubbling tower 100 (i.e., the bubble density will gradually decrease along the radial direction of the bubbling tower). The bubbles are unevenly distributed along the radial direction of the bubbling tower. The axial vibration of the flexible surface will generate pressure fluctuations in the radial direction. Since the gas jet velocity weakens in the radial direction, the vibration of the flexible surface will also weaken in the radial direction. Therefore, the high concentration of small bubbles in the center of the bubbling tower will be transported radially to the wall, making the distribution of bubbles in the radial direction more uniform. Therefore, it improves both the radial distribution of bubbles and reduces the size distribution of bubbles, thereby increasing the gas-liquid interface and improving the removal rate of impurities in flue gas.

[0063] The flexible surface of the flexible vibration unit 1 can block the jet orifice 1021 of the distributor, preventing large solid particles from settling into the distributor and clogging the jet orifice; and the Ca in the bubble column 2+ CaSO3 and CaSO4 can grow in the groove of the fixed part, preventing them from depositing and clogging the jet hole of the distributor. After the CaSO3 and CaSO4 crystals grow to a certain extent, they can fall off to the bottom of the bubble tower 100 under the vibration of the flexible vibration unit 1 and be discharged with the liquid phase outlet.

[0064] Furthermore, when the bubbling tower 100 operates under high load conditions, the high velocity of the gas jet in the flue gas distributor 102 may cause the flexible surface to lose its vibration capability. In this case, [the following is a possible solution:] ... Figure 2 The function of the elastic support 14 is that the gas phase jet kinetic energy will cause the elastic support to compress and accumulate elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy will cause the elastic support to stretch, thereby driving the vibration of the flexible surface.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] refer to Figures 9 to 11 In this embodiment, a floating valve tower 200 is used, in which a flexible vibration unit 1 is installed. Continuous flue gas containing sulfur and nitrogen compounds enters the bottom of the floating valve tower 200 through the gas phase inlet. The gas disperses through the floating valves 2021 on the tray, forming small bubbles that countercurrently contact the fresh liquid phase entering from the top of the floating valve tower 200 to remove sulfur, nitrogen compounds, and solid particles from the flue gas. The treated purified flue gas is discharged from the gas phase outlet at the top of the floating valve tower 200, while the dust-laden wastewater is discharged from the bottom of the floating valve tower. The flexible vibration unit 1 on the tray 202 can be adjusted... Figure 10 Arrangement.

[0067] Because the jet gap 2020 between the float valve 2021 and the tray 202 is relatively large, the bubbles formed are also large. Therefore, in addition to the same parts as in Example 1, holes 112 are also opened on the flexible surface of the flexible vibration unit 1. The bubbles pass through the holes 112 and are further sheared and broken into smaller bubbles under the vibration of the flexible vibration unit, thereby increasing the gas-liquid phase interface and further improving the removal rate of impurities in the flue gas.

[0068] Because the solid particles removed from the flue gas will settle on the tray 202 under the action of gravity, the effective height of the overflow weir decreases with the operation time of the floating valve tower. This results in insufficient opening height of some floating valves, reduced removal rate of impurities in the flue gas, or even complete failure to open and loss of mass transfer function. The vortex generated by the vibration of the flexible surface of the present invention will also act on the solid particles, thereby lifting the solid particles on the tray 202 and suspending them in the liquid phase, which will be discharged through the gap between the floating valve and the tray, thereby extending the operating cycle of the floating valve tower.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] In addition to SO, catalytic cracking flue gas contains x NO x In addition to solid particles, it also contains some oil and gas. If water is used as the continuous phase to remove impurities, the oil will emulsify in the bubble column, making downstream oil-water separation difficult.

[0071] In this embodiment, light oil can be used as a continuous phase to remove solid particles from catalytic cracking flue gas, and an appropriate amount of organic amine can be added to the light oil to remove SO from the flue gas. x NO x Because the continuous phase contains organic matter such as oil and amines, the flexible vibration unit 1 is made of stainless steel. It should be noted that the mechanism of the flexible vibration unit in oil is the same as in water; the light oil containing impurities is first filtered, then fractionated and recycled back to the bubble column to continue treating the flue gas.

[0072] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible vibration unit, characterized in that, Scrubbers used in flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and solidification removal include: A support rod is fixed at the corresponding position at the lower flue gas inlet of the scrubbing tower and extends upward along the axial direction of the scrubbing tower. The flexible surface, which is folded and bent and passes through the support rod, is used to form the expansion and contraction vibration of the flexible surface in the axial direction of the support rod under the axial pressure pulsation of the turbulent fluid formed by the flue gas. Through the extrusion at the interval between adjacent bends of the flexible surface, the flue gas bubbles are broken on the surface of the flexible surface, and the flue gas bubbles in the jet state are transported in the radial direction.

2. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scrubbing tower is a bubbling tower or a floating valve tower; the flue gas inlet is the jet hole of the flue gas distributor of the bubbling tower or the jet gap between the floating valve and the tray of the floating valve tower; the support rod is fixed to the flue gas distributor or the adjacent jet gap on the tray through the base, so that the flue gas is sprayed in the direction below the bottom end of the flexible surface.

3. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of flexible vibration units is multiple, and is comparable to the number of jet holes or jet gaps.

4. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of flexible surfaces is multiple and they are combined into a structural array. The bending directions of different flexible surfaces are set at a certain angle. When there are two flexible surfaces, the angle is 90° and the two flexible surfaces overlap.

5. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod is equipped with an elastic bracket, which extends in the same direction as the flexible surface and is fixedly connected to the flexible surface. This bracket is used to reinforce the vibration effect of the flexible surface under high load conditions of the washing tower.

6. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the support rod is provided with a fixing member to restrict the vibration of the flexible surface within the range of the support rod.

7. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fastener is a cross-shaped or star-shaped rod structure, and the outer surface of the rod structure is a rough surface.

8. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rough surface consists of grooves that are uniformly arranged radially along the rod-shaped structure and extend axially, used to intercept and adsorb the removed solid particles that have entered the liquid phase.

9. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rough surface is pre-soaked in a solution obtained after desulfurization using an alkaline medium for washing.

10. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible surface is a thin surface made of stainless steel or carbon steel, or a thin surface made of polymer material.

11. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastener is made of elastic polymer material.

12. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible surface is uniformly perforated to enhance the shearing effect of bubbles under high load conditions in the scrubbing tower.

13. The flexible vibration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the support rod is 150mm to 200mm; the width of the flexible surface is 30mm to 60mm.

14. A flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and desolidification device, characterized in that, The washing tower employs a washing tower structure and the flexible vibration unit described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the washing tower is a bubble tower or a floating valve tower.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the scrubbing tower is a bubbling tower, the flue gas distributor is set at the bottom of the bubbling tower and is in the shape of a horizontal cross; multiple flexible vibration units are set between adjacent jet holes of the flue gas distributor, and the flexible surface is ensured to be above the jet hole.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that, The radial angles of each of the flexible vibration units are the same, or the radial angles of adjacent flexible vibration units differ by 45°.

17. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that, When the scrubbing tower is a floating valve tower, multiple floating valves are arranged in rows and evenly spaced on each tray; multiple flexible vibration units are arranged on the tray between each row of floating valves, and the flexible surface is located obliquely above the jet gap between the corresponding floating valve and the tray.

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