Rod hydraulic pre-bender with temperature measurement and traction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bar hydraulic pre-bender with temperature measurement and traction, it is related to pre-bender technical field, including bearing frame, bending execution unit is installed on bearing frame, the bending execution unit includes traction conveying mechanism, temperature measurement detection mechanism, guide blanking mechanism, length positioning mechanism, press solid forming mechanism, lateral pre-bending execution mechanism, unloading auxiliary mechanism and control unit, control unit is used to shunt unqualified material according to temperature signal, and triggers positioning, clamping, pre-bending, loose clamping and unloading action in order.The application equipment can automatically complete conveying, temperature measurement, positioning, clamping, pre-bending, unloading complete process, each mechanism is controlled by control system, reduces manual intervention link, reduces labor intensity, can be directly connected to front and rear forging equipment, adapts to the continuous production demand of automatic production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pre-bending machine technology, specifically to a hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction. Background Technology

[0002] In the hot forging process of metals, pre-bending of bars before forging is a crucial preliminary step that determines the forming accuracy of forgings. The consistency of the pre-bending angle and the accuracy of the end face positioning directly affect the machining allowance and the finished product qualification rate in subsequent forging processes. As the forging industry develops towards automation and batch production, the inadequacy of traditional bar pre-bending equipment is becoming increasingly apparent.

[0003] Currently, most conventional bar pre-bending equipment operates in a single-machine, semi-manual mode. Firstly, it lacks online temperature monitoring. Whether the bar stock reaches the required temperature after exiting the heating furnace, and whether there is localized overheating or uneven temperature, relies solely on manual experience or post-processing inspection, leading to lagging quality control. Substandard billets entering subsequent processes waste heating energy and processing time. Secondly, the feeding and positioning accuracy is limited, often relying on manual pushing with simple stoppers for positioning. The starting position deviation for each bend is significant, and the control of the pre-bending angle and springback amount is highly dependent on operator experience, resulting in poor dimensional consistency in batch production. Thirdly, the unloading process relies on manual assistance. After bending at high temperatures, the bar stock is prone to sticking and jamming to the mold due to thermal stress, requiring manual demolding. This is labor-intensive, and frequent manual intervention in high-temperature environments poses significant safety hazards. Fourthly, the overall automation level is low. Feeding, positioning, starting, and unloading all require manual participation, resulting in a slow production cycle and making it difficult to directly integrate with automated forging production lines for continuous production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction, comprising a support frame and a bending execution unit mounted on the support frame, wherein the bending execution unit includes: A traction conveying mechanism is used to receive heated bar stock and convey it forward along a preset conveying path; The temperature detection mechanism is arranged along the conveying path of the traction conveying mechanism to detect the temperature of the bar material during the conveying process and output a temperature detection signal. A guiding material feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism. It has an inclined guide groove for receiving bar stock. A pressing station and a bending station are sequentially arranged at the discharge end of the guide groove along its inclined direction. The length positioning mechanism is used to limit the axial end of the bar stock that has slipped into the bending station and output a positioning trigger signal. A pressing and forming mechanism is set at the pressing station. It includes an upper pressing component and a lower mold component that can be opened and closed relative to each other, and is used to radially clamp and fix the bar after it is in place. The lateral pre-bending actuator is used to apply a lateral forming force to the bar at the bending station, so that the bar is pre-bent at a preset bending angle. The unloading auxiliary mechanism is integrated into the lower support mold assembly and is used to push the bar stock away from the forming surface of the lower support mold assembly after the pre-bending operation is completed. The control unit is connected to the traction conveying mechanism, temperature detection mechanism, length positioning mechanism, compression forming mechanism, lateral pre-bending execution mechanism, and unloading auxiliary mechanism respectively. The control unit is used to divert unqualified materials according to the temperature signal and trigger positioning, clamping, pre-bending, loosening and unloading actions in sequence.

[0006] Furthermore, the supporting frame is an integral welded frame structure, with a horizontal mounting top surface and an inclined mounting platform connected in sequence on its top; the horizontal mounting top surface is used to fix the traction conveying mechanism, and the inclined mounting platform is used to install the guiding unloading mechanism, the length positioning mechanism, the compression forming mechanism, and the lateral pre-bending execution mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the traction conveying mechanism includes a mounting frame, a driven sprocket, a driving sprocket, multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains, and a drive motor; The mounting frame is fixedly installed on the horizontal mounting top surface and extends along the conveying direction toward the inclined mounting platform. The driven sprocket and the driving sprocket are rotatably mounted on both ends of the mounting frame. Multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains are arranged side by side around the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket to form a bar stock carrying and conveying surface. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the driving sprocket for driving the driving sprocket to rotate and drive the chain to circulate to convey the bar stock.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature measurement and detection mechanism includes an infrared temperature probe, a component protective shell, and a dust-proof blower hood; the component protective shell is fixed to the traction conveying mechanism's support frame by a welded locking plate, the infrared temperature probe is housed inside the component protective shell with its detection end facing the surface of the bar stock on the conveying path; the dust-proof blower hood surrounds the detection end of the infrared temperature probe, and its air passage interface is connected to a compressed air pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the guiding and unloading mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged guide side plates and multiple guide rollers; the two guide side plates are vertically fixed to the inclined mounting platform and form a guide groove that is inclinedly connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism; the multiple guide rollers are evenly spaced along the inclined direction of the inclined mounting platform, and the two ends of the guide rollers are rotatably mounted between the two guide side plates to form a low-friction sliding channel with rolling support.

[0010] Furthermore, the length positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate, a screw adjustment assembly, a positioning cylinder bracket, a side-push positioning cylinder, a positioning baffle, and a positioning sensor plate; The positioning plate is vertically fixed to the inclined mounting platform. The positioning cylinder bracket is movably set on the side of the bending station through the screw adjustment assembly. The screw adjustment assembly is used to adjust the installation position of the positioning cylinder bracket along the inclined direction of the inclined mounting platform. The cylinder body of the side-push positioning cylinder is fixed to the positioning cylinder bracket, and the end of its piston rod is connected to the positioning baffle, which is used to drive the positioning baffle to extend into or out of the bending station to implement or release the axial end limit of the bar stock; the positioning sensor is arranged at the limit position of the positioning baffle and connected to the control unit, which is used to output a position trigger signal when the bar stock abuts the positioning baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, the lateral pre-bending actuator includes a forming mold crank arm shaft, a bearing assembly, a forming mold swing arm, a pre-bending forming roller mold, a heavy-duty Y-type joint, and a mid-swing type hydraulic cylinder; The forming mold crank arm shaft is rotatably supported on the bearing frame by a bearing assembly; one end of the forming mold swing arm is fixedly connected to the first end of the forming mold crank arm shaft, and the pre-bending forming roller is rotatably assembled to the other end of the forming mold swing arm and extends into the bending station. The heavy-duty Y-type joint is fixed to the second end of the forming mold crank arm shaft, and the cylinder body of the swing-type hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the inner side of the bearing frame, with its piston rod end hinged to the drive end of the heavy-duty Y-type joint.

[0012] Furthermore, a limit detection component is provided on the bearing frame at the end of the swing stroke corresponding to the heavy-duty Y-type joint; the limit detection component includes an adjusting screw and a pressure detection component; The adjusting screw is adjustablely fitted to the end of the heavy-duty Y-type connector via a threaded connection, and its axial extension length can be adjusted by rotating it; the pressure detection element is fixedly installed on the bearing frame and arranged opposite to the end face of the adjusting screw; When the swing cylinder drives the heavy-duty Y-type joint to swing to the pre-bent position, the end of the adjusting screw presses against the pressure detection element, and the pressure detection element outputs a position trigger signal to the control unit.

[0013] Furthermore, a strip-shaped adjustment groove is provided through the forming mold swing arm along its arm length extension direction. The pre-bending forming roller mold is embedded in the strip-shaped adjustment groove through a lockable sliding seat. The installation position can be adjusted and locked along the strip-shaped adjustment groove to change the rotation forming radius of the pre-bending forming roller mold relative to the forming mold crank arm axis.

[0014] Furthermore, the pre-bending forming roller mold includes a positioning shaft, a positioning roller, a swing crossbar, and two sets of auxiliary side rollers; the positioning shaft is vertically fixed to the end face of the lockable sliding seat, and the positioning roller is rotatably sleeved on the shaft body of the positioning shaft; the swing crossbar is rotatably engaged with the positioning shaft and can swing freely around the positioning shaft; the two sets of auxiliary side rollers are respectively rotatably assembled at both ends of the swing crossbar, forming a three-point adaptive forming roller surface together with the positioning roller, the end of the swing crossbar near the pressing station is the proximal end, and the end of the swing crossbar near the pressing station is the distal end, the distance from the proximal end to the rotation point of the swing crossbar and the positioning shaft is less than the distance from the rotation point of the distal end of the swing crossbar and the positioning shaft.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention integrates non-contact infrared temperature measurement in the conveying process, which can complete the temperature detection of the bar stock before bending and automatically screen out the billets with unqualified temperatures. This moves the quality control point forward and avoids the energy and time waste caused by unqualified materials entering subsequent processes. At the same time, the temperature measurement data can be stored to facilitate the traceability of production process quality.

[0016] 2. This invention uses chain traction conveying combined with inclined slide and end cylinder limiting, which makes the bar material conveying process smooth and the starting positioning position of each bend is consistent, reducing the reliance on manual experience. In mass production, the consistency of pre-bending angle and the length of the first and last straight sections is better.

[0017] 3. The mold of this invention integrates an ejector pin unloading structure. After pre-bending, the bar stock can be automatically pushed away from the mold cavity, effectively alleviating the problems of hot billet sticking to the mold and jamming. There is no need for manual knocking to demold, which reduces the frequency of manual operation in high-temperature environments and makes the operation safer.

[0018] 4. The equipment of this invention can automatically complete the entire process of conveying, temperature measurement, positioning, clamping, pre-bending and unloading. Each mechanism is controlled by the control system, reducing manual intervention and labor intensity. It can be directly connected to the front and back end forging equipment and is suitable for the continuous production needs of automated production lines.

[0019] 5. The three-point adaptive roller mold of the present invention adheres to the surface of the bar stock by relying on the lever self-balancing principle, which can disperse contact stress, reduce indentations on the surface of the bar stock, and improve the quality of the formed surface.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention with the support frame removed; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view structure of the present invention with the support frame removed; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third-view structure of the present invention with the support frame removed; Figure 7 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second perspective structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the working state of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the picture: 1- Support frame; 11- Horizontal mounting top surface; 12- Inclined mounting platform; 2-Traction conveyor mechanism; 21-Mounting frame; 22-Driven sprocket; 23-Drive sprocket; 24-High temperature resistant chain; 25-Drive motor; 3-Temperature measurement and detection mechanism; 31-Infrared temperature probe; 32-Component protective housing; 33-Dust-proof blower cover; 4-Guiding and unloading mechanism; 41-Guiding side plate; 42-Guiding roller; 5-Length positioning mechanism; 51-Positioning plate; 52-Screw adjustment assembly; 53-Positioning cylinder bracket; 54-Side-push positioning cylinder; 55-Positioning baffle; 56-Positioning sensor plate; 6-Pressure forming mechanism; 61-Pressure support; 62-Adjustable pressure cylinder; 63-Moving mold slider seat; 64-Upper mold; 65-Lower mold; 7- Lateral pre-bending actuator; 71- Forming die crank arm shaft; 72- Bearing assembly; 73- Forming die swing arm; 731- Strip-shaped adjusting groove; 732- Lockable sliding seat; 74- Pre-bending forming roller die; 742- Positioning roller; 743- Swinging crossbar; 744- Auxiliary side roller; 75- Heavy-duty Y-type joint; 76- Mid-swing type hydraulic cylinder; 77- Limit detection component; 771- Adjusting screw; 772- Pressure detection component; 8-Unloading auxiliary mechanism; 81-Cylinder flange plate; 82-Ultra-thin ejector cylinder; 83-Ejector mounting plate; 84-Lower mold ejector pin. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a hydraulic pre-bending machine for bar stock with temperature measurement and traction, which is applied to the pre-bending and shaping process of hot bar stock before metal forging. It can realize the fully automated operation of hot bar stock automatic conveying, online temperature measurement and screening, precise positioning, hydraulic pre-bending and automatic unloading, and is suitable for the high requirements of high-end forging production lines for forming accuracy, production continuity and automation.

[0026] The pre-bending machine includes a support frame 1 and a bending execution unit mounted on the support frame 1; the bending execution unit includes a traction conveying mechanism 2, a temperature detection mechanism 3, a guiding and unloading mechanism 4, a length positioning mechanism 5, a pressure forming mechanism 6, a lateral pre-bending execution mechanism 7, an unloading auxiliary mechanism 8, and a control unit (not shown).

[0027] The aforementioned traction conveying mechanism 2, temperature detection mechanism 3, guiding and unloading mechanism 4, length positioning mechanism 5, compression forming mechanism 6, and lateral pre-bending execution mechanism 7 are all integrated and arranged on the bearing frame 1, forming an integrated and compact layout.

[0028] The traction conveying mechanism 2 is arranged on the feeding side of the equipment to receive the hot bar material output from the front heating process and convey it forward along the preset horizontal conveying path; the temperature measuring and detection mechanism 3 is arranged above the conveying path side of the traction conveying mechanism 2 to detect the surface temperature of the bar material in real time in a non-contact manner and output the temperature detection signal to the control unit (not shown).

[0029] The guiding material feeding mechanism 4 is connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism 2. It is arranged at an inclination and has a guide groove inside for receiving the bar stock. Along the inclined downward direction of the guide groove, a pressing station and a bending station are set in sequence at the discharge end of the guide groove. When the bar stock slides down the guide groove, it passes through the pressing station in sequence and finally arrives at the bending station.

[0030] The length positioning mechanism 5 is located on the side of the axial end of the bending station. It is used to limit the axial end of the bar that has fallen to the bending station, prevent the bar from continuing to slide down, and output a position trigger signal to the control unit (not shown) after the bar comes into contact with the position.

[0031] The pressing and forming mechanism 6 is correspondingly set at the pressing station, including an upper pressing component and a lower mold component that can be opened and closed relative to each other; after the bar is in place, the upper pressing component moves down and cooperates with the lower mold component to radially clamp and fix the bar to prevent the bar from moving during the pre-bending process.

[0032] The lateral pre-bending actuator 7 is arranged in relation to the bending station and is used to apply a lateral forming force to the bar after it is clamped and positioned, so that the bar is pre-bent at a preset bending angle.

[0033] The unloading auxiliary mechanism 8 is integrated and embedded inside the lower support mold assembly. After the pre-bending operation is completed and the pressing mechanism is released, the unloading auxiliary mechanism 8 moves to push the bar upward away from the forming surface of the lower support mold assembly. The bar slides down the guide groove to be discharged, avoiding the hot bar sticking and jamming with the mold.

[0034] The control unit (not shown) is electrically connected to the traction conveying mechanism 2, the temperature detection mechanism 3, the length positioning mechanism 5, the compression forming mechanism 6, the lateral pre-bending actuator 7, and the unloading auxiliary mechanism 8, respectively. The control unit (not shown) has built-in control logic to determine whether the bar stock temperature is qualified based on the temperature signal fed back by the temperature detection mechanism 3. For non-conforming materials, the length positioning mechanism 5 is controlled to avoid them, allowing the non-conforming bars to flow directly out from the end of the guide groove to achieve diversion; for materials with qualified temperature, the length positioning mechanism 5 extends to the limit and triggers positioning, clamping, pre-bending, loosening and unloading actions in sequence according to the preset time sequence to complete the fully automatic pre-bending cycle of a single bar.

[0035] In this embodiment, the support frame 1 serves as the mounting base for the entire machine. It adopts an integrated welded frame structure, formed by welding square tube steel and thick steel plates. Its top has a horizontal mounting surface 11 and an inclined mounting platform 12 that are smoothly connected in sequence. The horizontal mounting surface 11 is used to fix and install the overall frame of the traction conveying mechanism 2. The inclined mounting platform 12 is inclined downward along the material conveying direction and is used to install the main body of the guiding and unloading mechanism 4, the length positioning mechanism 5, the compression forming mechanism 6, and the lateral pre-bending actuator 7.

[0036] The lower part of the load-bearing frame 1 has reserved space for the installation of hydraulic modules and electrical installation cavity. It has strong overall rigidity and can withstand large tonnage pre-bending loads.

[0037] In this embodiment, the traction conveying mechanism 2 includes a mounting frame 21, a driven sprocket 22, a driving sprocket 23, multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains 24, and a drive motor 25.

[0038] The mounting frame 21 is bolted to the horizontal mounting top surface 11 of the bearing frame and extends towards the inclined mounting platform 12 along the material conveying direction. The driven sprocket 22 and the driving sprocket 23 are rotatably mounted to the front and rear ends of the mounting frame 21 through load bearings. Multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains 24 are arranged in parallel around the driven sprocket 22 and the driving sprocket 23 to form the bearing and conveying surface of the bar stock.

[0039] The drive motor 25 is an induction speed-regulating motor, which is fixed below the horizontal mounting top surface 11 by the motor mounting base. Its output shaft is connected to the drive shaft of the drive sprocket 23 through a plum blossom coupling. When the drive motor 25 is running, it drives the drive sprocket 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the high-temperature resistant chain 24 to rotate in a cycle, so as to smoothly convey the hot bar material forward. The motor speed can be adjusted to adapt to different production line rhythms.

[0040] Preferably, symmetrical material width adjustment plates are arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 21. The material width adjustment plates are assembled onto the mounting frame 21 via screw adjustment blocks and can be adjusted and locked along the conveying width direction, thereby adjusting the effective conveying channel width between multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains 24 to adapt to the conveying of bar stock of different diameters. Multiple chain plate support shafts are also arranged at intervals inside the mounting frame 21. These support shafts support the lower inner side of the high-temperature resistant chains 24, supporting the chains to prevent them from sagging and deforming due to heat in high-temperature environments, ensuring stable conveying.

[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature measurement and detection mechanism 3 includes an infrared temperature probe 31, a component protective shell 32, and a dust-proof blower cover 33.

[0042] The component protective shell 32 is fixed to the bearing frame on the side of the traction conveying mechanism 2 by welding locking plates. The infrared temperature probe 31 is housed inside the component protective shell 32, with its detection end facing down and directly facing the surface of the bar material on the conveying path, so as to realize non-contact real-time temperature measurement.

[0043] The dust-proof blower cover 33 is set around the detection end of the infrared temperature measuring probe 31. The cover is equipped with an air passage interface, which can be connected to an external compressed air pipeline. During operation, compressed air is continuously introduced to blow the probe mirror surface to prevent dust and hot fumes from the forging site from adhering to the probe surface, thus maintaining detection accuracy for a long time. At the same time, it can also cool the probe and extend its service life in high-temperature environments.

[0044] In this embodiment, the guiding and unloading mechanism 4 includes two symmetrically arranged guide side plates 41 and multiple guide rollers 42.

[0045] Two guide side plates 41 are vertically fixed on the inclined mounting platform 12, forming an inclined guide groove symmetrically on the left and right. The feed end of the guide groove is connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism 2, so that the bar stock can smoothly transition from horizontal conveying to inclined sliding state. Multiple guide rollers 42 are evenly spaced along the inclined direction of the inclined mounting platform 12. The two ends of each guide roller 42 are rotatably mounted between the two guide side plates 41 through bearings, which together form a low-friction sliding channel with rolling support. When the hot bar stock slides down, it rolls into contact with the guide rollers 42, which can greatly reduce frictional resistance, avoid the hot bar stock sticking and jamming with the slide, and reduce scratches on the surface of the bar stock.

[0046] Furthermore, stainless steel inward adjustment plates are provided on the inner side of both guide side plates 41. The inward adjustment plates are adjustablely fixed on the guide side plates 41 along the width of the groove. By adjusting the distance between the two inward adjustment plates, the effective width of the guide groove can be changed to accommodate bar stock of different diameters and prevent the bar stock from tipping over.

[0047] In this embodiment, the length positioning mechanism 5 includes a positioning plate 51, a screw adjustment assembly 52, a positioning cylinder bracket 53, a side-push positioning cylinder 54, a positioning baffle 55, and a positioning sensing plate 56.

[0048] The positioning plate 51 is vertically fixed to the inclined mounting platform 12. The positioning cylinder bracket 53 is assembled on the side of the positioning plate 51 facing the bending station through the screw adjustment assembly 52, and the whole is located on the side of the bending station. The screw adjustment assembly 52 includes an adjustment connecting rod and a stroke adjustment screw, which can adjust the installation position of the positioning cylinder bracket 53 along the inclination direction of the inclined mounting platform 12, thereby adjusting the axial limit position of the positioning baffle 55 to adapt to the positioning requirements of bars of different lengths.

[0049] The cylinder body of the side-push positioning cylinder 54 is fixedly mounted on the positioning cylinder bracket 53, and its piston rod end is connected to the positioning baffle 55. When the cylinder piston rod extends, the positioning baffle 55 extends into the end channel of the bending station, preventing the bar from sliding down and achieving axial limitation. When the piston rod retracts, the positioning baffle 55 exits the bending station, releasing the limitation and allowing the bar to slide out. The positioning sensor 56 is arranged corresponding to the limiting position of the positioning baffle 55 and is connected to the control unit (not shown). When the bar slides down and abuts against the positioning baffle 55, the positioning sensor 56 is triggered and outputs a positioning signal to the control unit (not shown), triggering the subsequent clamping and pre-bending processes.

[0050] Preferably, an insulating plate is provided between the positioning plate and the supporting frame to isolate the heat conduction of the high-temperature bar stock and to prevent the induction signal from being interfered with by the frame.

[0051] In this embodiment, the upper pressing component of the pressing and forming mechanism 6 includes a pressing support 61, an adjustable pressing cylinder 62, a moving mold slider seat 63, and an upper pressing mold 64; the lower mold assembly includes a lower pressing mold 65 and a water-cooling circulation channel (not shown).

[0052] The clamping support 61 is fixedly connected to the clamping guide welding base frame on the top of the bearing frame. The cylinder body of the adjustable clamping cylinder 62 is vertically fixed to the clamping support 61, and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the moving mold slider seat 63 through a fisheye connector. The moving mold slider seat 63 slides in cooperation with the vertical guide surface on the bearing frame, and can slide smoothly up and down vertically. The upper die 64 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the moving mold slider seat 63 by bolts, and rises and falls synchronously with the slider seat. The lower die 65 is fixedly installed on the inclined mounting platform 12, and is vertically corresponding to the upper die 64. The forming surfaces of the two are adapted to the outer contour of the bar stock.

[0053] During operation, the piston rod of the adjustable pressure-fixing cylinder 62 extends, driving the moving mold slider seat 63 to move the upper pressure mold 64 downward, which cooperates with the lower pressure mold 65 to clamp the bar in the radial direction, preventing the bar from moving or springing back during the pre-bending process.

[0054] Furthermore, the upper die 64 is internally integrated with a spring punch and a punch plug. The lower end of the spring punch can extend out of the forming surface of the upper die. When clamping, the spring punch first contacts the bar stock to achieve pre-positioning. When releasing the die, the spring force can be used to assist the bar stock in detaching from the upper die, preventing the bar stock from sticking to the upper die and moving upwards.

[0055] The lower die 65 has a water-cooled circulation channel (not shown) arranged along the axial direction of the bar stock inside. The two ends of the channel are provided with interfaces for external cooling water pipes. During operation, circulating cooling water is continuously introduced to continuously cool the lower die, suppress the thermal deformation of the die, reduce the risk of hot bar stock sticking to the die, and extend the service life of the die.

[0056] Specifically, the unloading auxiliary mechanism 8 is an embedded ejector mechanism, which is integrated and installed at the bottom of the lower die 65, including a cylinder flange plate 81, an ultra-thin ejector cylinder 82, an ejector mounting plate 83, and a lower die ejector pin 84.

[0057] The ultra-thin ejector cylinder 82 is fixed to the bottom end face of the lower die 65 via the cylinder flange plate 81. Its piston rod is arranged upwards, and its end is connected to the ejector mounting plate 83 via a movable push plate and an extended limiting clamping plate. Multiple lower die ejector pins 84 are vertically fixed on the ejector mounting plate 83 and pass upwards into the corresponding ejector pin through holes in the lower die 65. During the pre-bending operation, the top surface of the lower die ejector pin 84 is flush with or slightly lower than the forming surface of the lower die. After the pre-bending is completed and the upper die is released, the piston rod of the ultra-thin ejector cylinder 82 extends, driving the lower die ejector pin 84 to pass upwards through the forming surface of the lower die, lifting the formed bar stock out of the mold cavity, assisting the bar stock to slide smoothly out of the mold, and effectively solving the problem of hot billet sticking and jamming.

[0058] In this embodiment, the lateral pre-bending actuator 7 includes a forming mold crank arm shaft 71, a bearing assembly 72, a forming mold swing arm 73, a pre-bending forming roller mold 74, a heavy-duty Y-type joint 75, and a mid-swing type hydraulic cylinder 76.

[0059] The forming die crank arm shaft 71 is arranged along the axial direction perpendicular to the bar stock, and its two ends are rotatably supported on the bearing frame 1 by bearing assemblies 72. The bearing assembly 72 includes a heavy-duty bearing seat and a deep groove ball bearing. The heavy-duty bearing seat is fixed to the bearing frame by a pad base to ensure support rigidity. One end of the forming die swing arm 73 is fixedly sleeved on the first end of the forming die crank arm shaft 71 and rotates synchronously with the crank arm shaft. The pre-bending forming roller 74 is rotatably assembled on the other end of the forming die swing arm 73 and extends into the side of the bending station, with the roller surface facing the side surface of the bar stock in the station.

[0060] The heavy-duty Y-type connector 75 is fixedly sleeved on the second end of the forming mold crank arm shaft 71, and is located at both ends of the crank arm shaft from the forming mold swing arm 73.

[0061] The cylinder body of the swing-type hydraulic cylinder 76 is hinged to the inner wall of the support frame 1, and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the drive end of the heavy-duty Y-type joint 75. When the piston rod of the swing-type hydraulic cylinder 76 extends or retracts, it drives the forming mold crank arm shaft 71 to reciprocate around its own axis through the heavy-duty Y-type joint 75, thereby driving the forming mold swing arm 73 to swing synchronously, so that the pre-bending forming roller 74 pushes against the side of the bar stock, applies lateral pre-bending force, and completes the pre-bending forming of the bar stock.

[0062] This side-mounted swing arm hydraulic pre-bending structure has a compact layout, large output pre-bending force, and stable forming action, making it suitable for hot pre-bending operations of large-diameter, high-strength bars.

[0063] Furthermore, a limit detection component 77 is provided on the bearing frame 1 at the end of the swing stroke corresponding to the heavy-duty Y-type joint 75; the limit detection component 77 includes an adjusting screw 771 and a pressure detection component 772.

[0064] The adjusting screw 771 is threadedly fitted to the swing end of the heavy-duty Y-type connector 75. Its axial extension length can be adjusted by rotating it, thereby adjusting the trigger position. The pressure detection element 772 is fixedly installed at the corresponding position on the support frame 1, with its detection end face opposite to the end face of the adjusting screw 771. When the swing cylinder 76 drives the heavy-duty Y-type connector 75 to swing to the limit position of the pre-bending, the end of the adjusting screw 771 presses against the pressure detection element 772. The pressure detection element 772 triggers and outputs a position signal to the control unit (not shown), controlling the cylinder to maintain pressure and begin its return stroke, thus achieving precise control of the pre-bending angle. The limit angle of the pre-bending can be finely adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 771, adapting to different bending process requirements. Furthermore, the pressure triggering method offers high reliability and is suitable for the high-temperature, dusty environment of forging workshops.

[0065] Furthermore, a strip-shaped adjustment groove 731 is provided through the forming mold swing arm 73 along its arm length extension direction. The pre-bending forming roller mold 74 is embedded in the strip-shaped adjustment groove 731 through a lockable sliding seat 732. After the locking member is released, the lockable sliding seat 732 can slide along the strip-shaped adjustment groove 731 to adjust the installation position. After adjustment, it is locked and fixed, thereby changing the rotation forming radius of the pre-bending forming roller mold 74 relative to the forming mold crank arm shaft 71.

[0066] This structure can change the pre-bending lever arm and forming curvature by adjusting the position of the roller die. It can adapt to the pre-bending requirements of different bending radii and different specifications of bar stock without changing the swing arm or die, which greatly improves the process adaptability and flexible production capacity of the equipment. At the same time, it can compensate for the accuracy deviation caused by die wear by fine-tuning the position of the roller die, and extend the service life of the die.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the pre-bending forming roller mold 74 includes a positioning shaft, a positioning roller 742, a swing crossbar 743, and two sets of auxiliary side rollers 744.

[0068] The positioning shaft is vertically fixed to the end face of the lockable sliding seat 732, and the positioning roller 742 is rotated and sleeved on the shaft of the positioning shaft through the bearing; the rotation center of the positioning roller 742 remains fixed in position after being locked by the lockable sliding seat 732, thus serving as a stable fulcrum for pre-bending and ensuring the control accuracy of the bending angle and forming radius.

[0069] The middle part of the swing crossbar 743 is rotatably engaged with the positioning shaft, allowing it to swing freely around the axis of the positioning shaft; two sets of auxiliary side rollers 744 are respectively mounted on both ends of the swing crossbar 743 via rotating shafts, forming a three-point adaptive forming roller surface together with the positioning roller 742 in the middle.

[0070] Among them, the end of the swing crossbar 743 closest to the pressing station is the near end, and the end furthest from the pressing station is the far end. The distance from the near end to the rotation center of the swing crossbar and the positioning shaft is less than the distance from the far end to the rotation center, forming an asymmetrical three-point support layout.

[0071] During operation, the positioning roller 742 is always pressed against the bending apex of the bar stock, serving as a forming reference to maintain stable position and precisely control the bending angle. During the bending deformation of the bar stock, the clamping end near the pressing station is constrained by the upper and lower dies, resulting in small bending deflection and high structural rigidity, and a stronger contact reaction force applied to the near-end auxiliary side rollers; the free end far from the pressing station has no external constraints, resulting in large bending deflection and low structural rigidity, and a relatively weaker contact reaction force applied to the far-end auxiliary side rollers. At this time, the swing crossbar 743 and the two sets of auxiliary side rollers 744 together form an unequal arm lever structure with the positioning shaft as the fulcrum. Under the action of the difference in contact reaction force at both ends, the swing crossbar 743 adaptively deflects around the positioning shaft until the torque of the reaction force at both ends about the fulcrum reaches a self-balanced state, so that the auxiliary side rollers 744 on both sides are in close contact with the surface of the bar stock throughout the process, effectively expanding the contact area, dispersing contact stress, and avoiding local indentations on the surface of the bar stock.

[0072] Meanwhile, the layout of the short arm at the near end can avoid the bending and deformation area of ​​the bar stock, preventing motion interference between the mechanism and the deformed section of the bar stock; the layout of the long arm at the far end can increase the support span of the free end. Based on the lever torque distribution characteristics, the near end can bear greater support force to match the higher deformation resistance of the clamping end, while the far end can adapt to the deformation characteristics of the free end with a softer support force. Ultimately, this makes the bar stock bending profile smoother and the forming quality better, especially suitable for the pre-bending operation of bars such as high-temperature alloys that are prone to surface defects.

[0073] The equipment is also equipped with a hydraulic power unit control valve group, which is fixedly installed in the lower space of the support frame. It is connected to the adjustable pressure fixed cylinder and the swing cylinder through hydraulic oil circuits and is connected to the control unit signal. The control valve group integrates a pressure regulating valve, a solenoid directional valve and a safety relief valve, which can provide stable hydraulic power to each hydraulic actuator, regulate the output pressure, and control the timing and direction of each cylinder according to the instructions of the control unit.

[0074] The control unit adopts a PLC control system with multiple built-in processing program storage units, which can store pre-bending process parameters of bars of different specifications to achieve rapid changeover; the system can collect signals from various sensors and induction components in real time, monitor the operating status of each actuator, realize automated time-series linkage control of the entire process, and also has a fault alarm function to facilitate rapid troubleshooting of equipment abnormalities.

[0075] Complete working process of the equipment: The front-end heating process heats the bar stock to the process temperature and then pushes it out, entering the traction conveyor mechanism. The drive motor drives the high-temperature resistant chain to smoothly convey the hot bar stock forward. When the bar stock passes through the detection area of ​​the temperature measurement mechanism, the infrared temperature probe detects the surface temperature of the bar stock in real time and feeds the temperature signal back to the control unit. If the control unit determines that the temperature is not up to standard, it controls the side-push positioning cylinder to remain in the retracted state, and the bar stock slides directly down the guide unloading mechanism for discharge. When the temperature is up to standard, it controls the side-push positioning cylinder to extend, and the positioning baffle extends into the bending station to form a limit. The qualified bar stock slides down the guide groove, and the end abuts against the positioning baffle. The positioning sensor is triggered behind the plate. After the control unit receives the positioning signal, it controls the adjustable pressure cylinder to move downward. The upper and lower pressure dies work together to clamp the bar stock. After clamping, the control unit controls the swing cylinder to extend. Through the crank arm shaft and swing arm, the pre-bending forming roller mold pushes the bar stock laterally to complete the pre-bending. After the heavy-duty Y-type joint touches the pressure detection piece, the cylinder holds pressure for a short time and then begins to return. After the pre-bending is completed, the pressure cylinder and the pre-bending cylinder return to their reset positions in sequence, and the side-push positioning cylinder retracts to release the limit. At the same time, the ultra-thin ejector cylinder extends, and the lower die ejector pushes the bar stock away from the lower die. The bar stock slides down the guide groove and is discharged, completing one work cycle.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction, comprising a support frame and a bending execution unit mounted on the support frame, characterized in that, The bending execution unit includes: A traction conveying mechanism is used to receive heated bar stock and convey it forward along a preset conveying path; The temperature detection mechanism is arranged along the conveying path of the traction conveying mechanism to detect the temperature of the bar material during the conveying process and output a temperature detection signal. A guiding material feeding mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism. It has an inclined guide groove for receiving bar stock. A pressing station and a bending station are sequentially arranged at the discharge end of the guide groove along its inclined direction. The length positioning mechanism is used to limit the axial end of the bar stock that has slipped into the bending station and output a positioning trigger signal. A pressing and forming mechanism is set at the pressing station. It includes an upper pressing component and a lower mold component that can be opened and closed relative to each other, and is used to radially clamp and fix the bar after it is in place. The lateral pre-bending actuator is used to apply a lateral forming force to the bar at the bending station, so that the bar is pre-bent at a preset bending angle. The unloading auxiliary mechanism is integrated into the lower support mold assembly and is used to push the bar stock away from the forming surface of the lower support mold assembly after the pre-bending operation is completed. The control unit is connected to the traction conveying mechanism, temperature detection mechanism, length positioning mechanism, compression forming mechanism, lateral pre-bending execution mechanism, and unloading auxiliary mechanism respectively. The control unit is used to divert unqualified materials according to the temperature signal and trigger positioning, clamping, pre-bending, loosening and unloading actions in sequence.

2. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting frame is an integral welded frame structure, with a horizontal mounting top surface and an inclined mounting platform connected in sequence on its top. The horizontal mounting top surface is used to fix the traction conveying mechanism, and the inclined mounting platform is used to install the guiding and unloading mechanism, the length positioning mechanism, the compression forming mechanism, and the lateral pre-bending execution mechanism.

3. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction conveying mechanism includes an installation frame, a driven sprocket, a driving sprocket, multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains, and a drive motor; The mounting frame is fixedly installed on the horizontal mounting top surface and extends along the conveying direction toward the inclined mounting platform. The driven sprocket and the driving sprocket are rotatably mounted on both ends of the mounting frame. Multiple sets of high-temperature resistant chains are arranged side by side around the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket to form a bar stock carrying and conveying surface. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the driving sprocket for driving the driving sprocket to rotate and drive the chain to circulate to convey the bar stock.

4. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature measurement and detection mechanism includes an infrared temperature probe, a component protective shell, and a dust-proof blower hood. The component protective shell is fixed to the traction conveying mechanism's support frame by a welded locking plate. The infrared temperature probe is housed inside the component protective shell with its detection end facing the surface of the bar stock on the conveying path. The dust-proof blower hood surrounds the detection end of the infrared temperature probe, and its air passage interface is connected to a compressed air pipeline.

5. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding and unloading mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged guide side plates and multiple guide rollers; the two guide side plates are vertically fixed to the inclined mounting platform and form a guide groove that is inclinedly connected to the discharge end of the traction conveying mechanism; the multiple guide rollers are evenly spaced along the inclined direction of the inclined mounting platform, and the two ends of the guide rollers are rotatably mounted between the two guide side plates to form a low-friction sliding channel with rolling support.

6. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate, a screw adjustment assembly, a positioning cylinder bracket, a side-push positioning cylinder, a positioning baffle, and a positioning sensor plate. The positioning plate is vertically fixed to the inclined mounting platform. The positioning cylinder bracket is movably set on the side of the bending station through the screw adjustment assembly. The screw adjustment assembly is used to adjust the installation position of the positioning cylinder bracket along the inclined direction of the inclined mounting platform. The cylinder body of the side-push positioning cylinder is fixed to the positioning cylinder bracket, and the end of its piston rod is connected to the positioning baffle, which is used to drive the positioning baffle to extend into or out of the bending station to implement or release the axial end limit of the bar stock; the positioning sensor is arranged at the limit position of the positioning baffle and connected to the control unit, which is used to output a position trigger signal when the bar stock abuts the positioning baffle.

7. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral pre-bending actuator includes a forming mold crank arm shaft, a bearing assembly, a forming mold swing arm, a pre-bending forming roller mold, a heavy-duty Y-type joint, and a mid-swing type hydraulic cylinder. The forming mold crank arm shaft is rotatably supported on the bearing frame by a bearing assembly; one end of the forming mold swing arm is fixedly connected to the first end of the forming mold crank arm shaft, and the pre-bending forming roller is rotatably assembled to the other end of the forming mold swing arm and extends into the bending station. The heavy-duty Y-type joint is fixed to the second end of the forming mold crank arm shaft, and the cylinder body of the swing-type hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the inner side of the bearing frame, with its piston rod end hinged to the drive end of the heavy-duty Y-type joint.

8. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bearing frame is provided with a limit detection component at the end of the swing stroke corresponding to the heavy-duty Y-type joint; the limit detection component includes an adjusting screw and a pressure detection component; The adjusting screw is adjustablely fitted to the end of the heavy-duty Y-type connector via a threaded connection, and its axial extension length can be adjusted by rotating it; the pressure detection element is fixedly installed on the bearing frame and arranged opposite to the end face of the adjusting screw; When the swing cylinder drives the heavy-duty Y-type joint to swing to the pre-bent position, the end of the adjusting screw presses against the pressure detection element, and the pressure detection element outputs a position trigger signal to the control unit.

9. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 8, characterized in that, A strip-shaped adjustment groove is provided through the forming mold swing arm along its arm length extension direction. The pre-bending forming roller mold is embedded in the strip-shaped adjustment groove through a lockable sliding seat. The installation position can be adjusted and locked along the strip-shaped adjustment groove to change the rotation forming radius of the pre-bending forming roller mold relative to the forming mold crank arm axis.

10. The hydraulic pre-bending machine for bars with temperature measurement and traction according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pre-bending forming roller mold includes a positioning shaft, a positioning roller, a swing crossbar, and two sets of auxiliary side rollers. The positioning shaft is vertically fixed to the end face of the lockable sliding seat, and the positioning roller is rotatably sleeved on the shaft body of the positioning shaft. The swing crossbar is rotatably engaged with the positioning shaft and can swing freely around the positioning shaft. The two sets of auxiliary side rollers are respectively rotatably assembled at both ends of the swing crossbar, forming a three-point adaptive forming roller surface together with the positioning roller. The end of the swing crossbar near the pressing station is the proximal end, and the end of the swing crossbar near the pressing station is the distal end. The distance from the proximal end to the rotation point of the swing crossbar and the positioning shaft is less than the distance from the distal end of the swing crossbar to the rotation point of the positioning shaft.

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