A housing rear end cover integrated pass type die and a forming method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a machine shell rear end cover integrated hole type die and a forming method thereof. By arranging a thimble for prefabricating an A hole and a cooling structure for cooling aluminum liquid, the problem that a hole formed by aluminum liquid cooling shrinkage in the interior of the rear end cover is exposed due to machining of the A hole in the later period, so that the machined rear end cover cannot meet the air tightness requirement is reduced, the yield is improved, and the speed of forming the rear end cover is accelerated by the cooling structure to accelerate the cooling and solidification of the aluminum liquid, so that the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting technology, specifically to an integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of a machine housing and its forming method. Background Technology

[0002] Casting is a process in which molten metal is injected into a pouring pipe of a mold, allowing it to flow into the pouring channel within the mold, then into the mold cavity, then into the slag discharge channel, and finally into the venting component. After the metal cools and solidifies within the mold cavity, the moving mold is opened to remove the desired part or blank from the fixed mold. This process is particularly suitable for manufacturing parts with complex shapes, especially those with internal cavity structures (such as engine blocks and motor housings), and has advantages such as low cost, strong adaptability, and the ability to mass-produce. It is one of the oldest and most widely used metal forming methods.

[0003] Our company currently needs to mass-produce a rear end cover for a machine housing with airtightness requirements using a casting process. (See attached image) Figure 1 As shown, the rear cover consists of a box body part 40 and a cover body part 41. The cover body part 41 has a circular opening 1 at its center. Both the cover body part 41 and the box body part 40 have several channels 42. These channels 42 can usually be directly formed during the casting process by setting inserts 9 at corresponding positions of the moving mold, fixed mold and side mold. However, since the convex pillar 43 will block the side mold and prevent it from opening and closing normally, channel A 2 cannot be directly cast by using the side mold and inserts 9. It needs to be processed by drilling after casting.

[0004] In our actual production process, we found that because molten metal shrinks during cooling and solidification, holes often appear in the last solidified part. Therefore, in the casting of the aforementioned rear end cap, holes are prone to appear in the center of the thicker part of the rear end cap during the last solidification. Since the part where channel A2 is located is relatively thick, the hole caused by the shrinkage of the metal during drilling in the later processing is easily exposed. As a result, the final rear end cap cannot meet the customer's airtightness requirements, which reduces the yield. Secondly, the time required for the metal to cool and solidify naturally before mold opening is long, which reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method, which can improve the yield and production efficiency of the rear end cover production.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: 1) A mold for an integrated hole-type rear end cover of a housing, comprising a fixed mold base and a movable mold base capable of moving toward or away from the fixed mold base, wherein a casting pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base, a fixed mold and a movable mold are provided between the fixed mold base and the movable mold base, the fixed mold and the fixed mold base are fixedly connected, the movable mold and the movable mold base are fixedly connected, and further comprising a first side mold and two second side molds located above the fixed mold, wherein the movable mold has a first groove for accommodating the first side mold and two second grooves for accommodating the second side molds, the movable mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold and the two second side molds can together enclose a mold cavity for casting the rear end cover, wherein the fixed mold has a plurality of casting channels for the flow of molten aluminum, the two ends of the casting channels are respectively connected to the casting pipe and the mold cavity, wherein one side of the fixed mold is provided with an ejector pin for pre-forming the A-channel, and the fixed mold and the movable mold are provided with a cooling structure for cooling the molten aluminum, and further comprising a driving structure for driving the first side mold to move axially along the first groove and the second side mold to move axially along the second groove.

[0007] In this invention, the drive structure is first activated, which drives the first side mold to move inward along the first groove axis and the second side mold to move inward along the second groove axis. Then, the moving mold base moves towards the fixed mold base, and the moving mold moves with the moving mold base until the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, the first side mold enters the first groove and the second side mold enters the second groove. The moving mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold and the two second side molds together enclose the mold cavity for casting the rear end cover. Then, molten aluminum is injected into the pouring pipe, so that the molten aluminum flows from the pouring pipe into the pouring channel and then into the mold cavity. After the molten aluminum fills the mold cavity, the cooling structure makes the molten aluminum cool and solidify rapidly, thereby forming the rear end cover. Then, the moving mold base moves away from the fixed mold base, causing the moving mold to separate from the fixed mold for mold opening. Then, the drive structure resets the first side mold and the second side mold, and then the operator removes the rear end cover from the mold.

[0008] In the casting process of the aforementioned rear end cover, the ejector pin allows the A-channel on the rear end cover to be formed directly during the casting process, reducing the problem of holes inside the rear end cover caused by the cooling and shrinkage of the molten aluminum due to drilling in later processing, thereby improving the yield rate. Furthermore, the reduction of drilling processes increases production efficiency. At the same time, the cooling structure accelerates the solidification of the molten aluminum, enabling the rear end cover to be formed quickly, further improving production efficiency.

[0009] 2) According to 1), a mold for an integrated hole-type rear end cover of a housing and its forming method, wherein: The ejector pin assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to one side of the fixed mold base. The output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting base. An ejector pin is detachably connected to the mounting base. The shape of the ejector pin head matches the A-channel. A through hole is opened on the moving mold for the ejector pin to be inserted into the mold cavity. The position of the through hole matches the position of the A-channel. The outer surface of the ejector pin is covered with a nano-coating.

[0010] In this invention, after the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the mounting base to insert the ejector pin into the mold cavity through the through hole. The ejector pin allows channel A to be formed directly during the casting process, reducing the problem of holes in the rear end cover caused by the cooling and shrinkage of the molten aluminum due to drilling in later processing, thereby improving the yield. After the rear end cover is formed, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the mounting base to pull the ejector pin out of the mold cavity through the through hole, and then the moving mold and the fixed mold are opened. The first side mold and the second side mold slide away from the core of the box body through the driving structure. Then, the operator takes out the rear end cover from the mold. During the process of pulling out the ejector pin, the nano-coating on the outer surface of the ejector pin can reduce the possibility of it sticking to the solidified molten aluminum. Since the ejector pin and the mounting base are detachably connected, the ejector pin can be replaced relatively quickly when the nano-coating is damaged.

[0011] 3) According to 1), a mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method, wherein: The cooling structure includes several water-cooling pipes for cooling water flow. The water-cooling pipes are installed inside the fixed mold or the moving mold. All water-cooling pipes are distributed in areas where the inserts are sparsely distributed, avoiding the inserts. The water-cooling pipes are connected to several vertical pipes extending into the mold cavity. The bottom end of the vertical pipes is close to the mold cavity. Several point cooling grooves are opened on the side of the moving mold and the fixed mold that is opposite to each other. All point cooling grooves are distributed in areas where the inserts are densely distributed, avoiding the inserts. The bottom end of the point cooling grooves is close to the mold cavity. It also includes several point cooling components for allowing cooling water to flow in the point cooling grooves.

[0012] In this invention, after injecting molten aluminum into the casting pipe, cooling water is introduced into the water-cooling pipe, and simultaneously, cooling water is introduced into the cooling tank through the cooling element. The cooling water flowing through the water-cooling pipe and the cooling tank carries away the heat of the molten aluminum, accelerating the cooling and solidification of the molten aluminum and speeding up the forming of the rear end cap, thereby improving production efficiency. Furthermore, by using the cooling element to allow the cooling water to flow in the cooling tank, the molten aluminum can be cooled in areas where the pins are densely distributed and it is difficult to install water-cooling pipes. Combined with the water-cooling pipe, the cooling area comprehensively covers the mold cavity, improving the cooling effect of the molten aluminum and further improving production efficiency. Moreover, both the cooling tank and the vertical pipe can guide the cooling water to a position close to the mold cavity, allowing the cooling water to better carry away the heat of the molten aluminum, further improving production efficiency.

[0013] 4) A mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 3), wherein: The cooling component includes a cooling rod that passes through the moving mold base and is fixedly connected to it. The bottom end of the cooling rod is inserted into a cooling groove with a groove at the bottom. A cooling tube is fixedly connected to the groove, and the bottom end of the cooling tube extends into the cooling groove. There is a gap between the cooling tube and the cooling groove. The gap and the groove together form a return cavity for cooling water to flow. A water inlet hole is opened on the cooling tube. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the cooling rod. The water inlet pipe passes through the cooling rod and communicates with the water inlet hole, and the water outlet pipe passes through the cooling rod and communicates with the return cavity.

[0014] In this invention, after injecting molten aluminum into the casting pipe, cooling water is introduced into the inlet pipe, allowing the cooling water to flow from the spot cooling pipe into the spot cooling tank, then through the return cavity and out through the outlet pipe. This allows the cooling water to flow within the spot cooling tank, cooling the molten aluminum in areas where the pins are densely distributed and it is difficult to install water cooling pipes. The water cooling pipes work together to ensure that the cooling area comprehensively covers the mold cavity, allowing the cooling water to quickly remove the heat from the molten aluminum in the mold cavity, increasing the speed of cooling and solidification of the molten aluminum and forming the rear end cap, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0015] 5) A mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 3), wherein: A baffle plate is fixedly connected inside the vertical pipe to prevent cooling water from flowing along the water-cooling pipe. There is a gap between the bottom end of the baffle plate and the bottom end of the vertical pipe for cooling water to flow through.

[0016] In this invention, during the flow of cooling water in the water-cooling pipe, the cooling water flowing into the vertical pipe tends to stagnate within it, making it difficult for the cooling water in the vertical pipe to effectively remove heat. However, after installing a baffle plate in the vertical pipe, the baffle plate can block the cooling water, forcing the cooling water in the water-cooling pipe to flow towards the bottom of the vertical pipe after entering the vertical pipe, then through the gap between the baffle plate and the bottom of the vertical pipe, and then flow towards the connection between the water-cooling pipe and the vertical pipe, and then flow into the water-cooling pipe again. This allows the cooling water to flow in the vertical pipe, effectively removing the heat of the aluminum liquid in the mold cavity, increasing the speed of aluminum liquid cooling and solidification to form the rear end cap, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0017] 6) A mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 1), wherein: The drive structure includes a second hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to a fixed mold base, the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to a first slide block capable of sliding along the axial direction of the first groove, the first slide block being fixedly connected to the first side mold, the first slide block being slidably connected to the fixed mold base, and also includes a transmission component for driving the second side mold to move along the axial direction of the second groove.

[0018] In this invention, because the side wall of the rear end cover has a relatively complex concave-convex structure, a first side mold and a second side mold are added between the fixed mold and the moving mold. These concave-convex structures can be directly formed during the casting process, and the mold can be opened normally after forming. Before casting begins, the first slide block is driven by the second hydraulic cylinder to move the first side mold axially inward along the first groove. Simultaneously, the second side mold is driven by the transmission component to move axially inward along the second groove. Then, the moving mold base moves towards the fixed mold base, and the moving mold moves with the moving mold base until the moving mold and the fixed mold close together, the first side mold enters the first groove, and the second side mold enters the second groove. The moving mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold, and the two second side molds together enclose the mold cavity. After the rear end cover is cast, the moving mold base moves away from the fixed mold base, and the moving mold moves with the moving mold base to detach from the fixed mold for mold opening. Then, the first side mold and the second side mold are reset by the second hydraulic cylinder and the transmission component, allowing the operator to smoothly perform the demolding operation and remove the rear end cover from the mold.

[0019] 7) A mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 6), wherein: The transmission component includes two second slide blocks that can slide toward or away from the core of the box. The second slide blocks are fixedly connected to the second side mold and slidably connected to the fixed mold base. Two outwardly inclined guide rods are fixedly connected to the moving mold base. The guide rods pass through the second slide blocks and are slidably connected to the second slide blocks. The fixed mold base has guide rod slots for accommodating the guide rods.

[0020] In this invention, when the fixed mold, moving mold, and side molds together enclose the mold cavity, the lower end of the inclined guide rod passes through the second slide block and is located in the guide rod groove. After casting is completed, as the moving mold seat moves away from the fixed mold seat and the moving mold moves away from the fixed mold, the moving mold seat drives the inclined guide rod to move away from the fixed mold seat. The inclined guide rod disengages from the guide rod groove. Since the inclined guide rod is inclined outward, and the second slide block is simultaneously slidably connected to the fixed mold seat and the inclined guide rod, the inclined guide rod forces the second slide block to drive the second side mold to slide outward along the second groove axis. Conversely, when the moving mold seat drives the moving mold to move towards the fixed mold seat for mold closing, the inclined guide rod forces the second slide block to drive the second side mold to slide inward along the second groove axis until the fixed mold, moving mold, first side mold, and second side mold together enclose the mold cavity. In this process, the movement of the moving mold seat can drive the movement of the second side mold, reducing energy consumption.

[0021] 8) A mold for an integrated hole pattern for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 1), wherein: The mold cavity is provided with a protrusion for forming a circular opening. The protrusion is fixedly connected to the moving mold or the fixed mold. The fixed mold and the moving mold have several slag discharge channels for the aluminum liquid to flow out of the mold cavity. The slag discharge channels are connected to the side of the mold cavity away from the casting pipe. Slag bags are connected to the slag discharge channels. The protrusion has a channel for the aluminum liquid to flow in the direction of the slag discharge channel.

[0022] In this invention, without a through channel, the molten aluminum flows to the protrusion and splits into two streams that bypass the protrusion before converging. However, the two streams of molten aluminum that converge in opposite directions are prone to turbulence and backflow, causing impurities such as slag formed when the molten aluminum cools at the front end during filling of the mold cavity to easily remain in the mold cavity. By opening a through channel, some of the molten aluminum can flow directly through the through channel toward the slag discharge channel. Since the path of the through channel is shorter than the path around the protrusion, the two streams of molten aluminum that bypass the protrusion will arrive at the confluence point after the molten aluminum flowing through the through channel. When these two streams of molten aluminum come into contact with the molten aluminum flowing through the through channel, they are driven to flow toward the slag discharge channel instead of directly converging in opposite directions. This reduces turbulence and backflow, allowing impurities at the front end of the molten aluminum to flow into the slag discharge channel and remain in the slag bag, reducing the possibility of impurities remaining in the mold cavity, thereby improving the yield of the rear end cap.

[0023] 9) A mold for an integrated hole type for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method as described in 8), wherein: The end of the slag discharge channel is equipped with an exhaust component, which includes an upper exhaust block and a lower exhaust block arranged in opposite directions. The upper exhaust block is fixedly connected to the moving mold base, and the lower exhaust block is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base. An exhaust groove is opened on the side of the lower exhaust block facing the upper exhaust block, and an exhaust protrusion is fixedly connected on the side of the upper exhaust block facing the lower exhaust block. The exhaust protrusion and the exhaust groove can jointly enclose a wave-shaped exhaust channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The inlet of the exhaust channel is connected to the end of the slag discharge channel.

[0024] In this invention, during the process of the fixed mold base driving the moving mold to close with the fixed mold, the moving mold base also drives the upper vent block to move towards the lower vent block on the fixed mold base. When the mold closing is completed, the vent grooves and vent protrusions on the upper and lower vent blocks together enclose a wave-shaped venting channel. As the molten aluminum flows from the casting channel into the mold cavity and then into the slag discharge channel, the molten aluminum continuously pushes the air in the casting channel, mold cavity, and slag discharge channel, causing the air to be discharged from the venting channel. When the molten aluminum flows into the venting channel, it needs to repeatedly tumble over the wave-shaped undulations in the venting channel, increasing the flow resistance of the molten aluminum in the venting channel, thereby consuming the kinetic energy of the molten aluminum and reducing the possibility of the molten aluminum splashing outward from the outlet of the venting channel. Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the venting channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, the resistance encountered by the molten aluminum when flowing in the venting channel gradually increases, thereby accelerating the consumption of the kinetic energy of the molten aluminum and further reducing the possibility of the molten aluminum splashing outward, thus reducing the situation where the molten aluminum splashes to the surroundings and is difficult to clean.

[0025] 10) A mold for an integrated hole type for a rear end cover of a housing and a method for forming the same, according to any one of 1)-9), comprising the following steps: Step 1, Mold Closure: First, start the drive structure to drive the first side mold to move inward along the first groove axis and the second side mold to move inward along the second groove axis. Then, move the moving mold base toward the fixed mold base until the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, the first side mold enters the first groove and the second side mold enters the second groove. The moving mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold and the two second side molds together enclose the mold cavity for casting the rear end cover, and the ejector pins enable the A-channel to be directly formed in subsequent steps. Step 2, Casting: Inject molten aluminum into the casting pipe, allowing the molten aluminum to flow into the mold cavity from the casting channel; Step 3: Cooling: The molten aluminum in the mold cavity is cooled by a cooling structure to form the rear end cap; Step 4, Demolding: Move the moving mold base away from the fixed mold base to drive the moving mold to detach from the fixed mold. Then, start the drive structure to drive the first side mold and the second side mold to reset. Then, the operator takes out the formed rear end cover. Step 5, Grinding: Remove the waste material generated by the solidification of molten aluminum in the pouring channel that is connected to the rear end cover, and then grind the rear end cover to obtain the final product.

[0026] In this invention, the rear end cap is produced through five steps: mold closing, casting, cooling, demolding, and polishing. During the mold closing process, the ejector pin A allows the A-channel on the rear end cap to be directly formed in subsequent steps, reducing the problem of holes inside the rear end cap caused by the cooling and shrinkage of the molten aluminum due to drilling in later processing, thereby improving the yield rate. Furthermore, the reduction of drilling processes increases production efficiency. During the cooling process, the cooling structure accelerates the solidification of the molten aluminum, enabling the rear end cap to be formed quickly, further improving production efficiency.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention also has the following technical effects: In this invention, the ejector pin allows the A-channel to be directly formed during the casting process, reducing the risk of exposing the internal channel due to subsequent drilling; the water-cooling pipe, in conjunction with a spot-cooling component, covers the mold cavity with the cooling area, accelerating the cooling and solidification of the molten aluminum; the gradually narrowing wave-shaped venting channel not only vents the aluminum but also consumes its kinetic energy, reducing splashing; and the through-groove on the protrusion guides the flow of molten aluminum, reducing the retention of impurities within the mold cavity. Through these designs, the overall yield and production efficiency of the rear end cap production are improved.

[0028] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear end cover of the casing in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed mold base in an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving mold base in an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second slide block in an integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling structure in an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water cooling pipe structure in an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a midpoint cooling part in an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing and its forming method according to the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Circular opening; 2. A-channel; 3. Moving mold base; 4. Fixed mold base; 5. Moving mold; 6. Fixed mold; 7. Casting pipe; 8. Casting channel; 9. Insert pin; 10. Slag bag; 11. First side mold; 12. Second side mold; 13. First slide; 14. Second slide; 15. First groove; 16. Second groove; 17. First hydraulic cylinder; 18. Second hydraulic cylinder; 19. Mounting base; 20. Ejector pin; 21. Angled guide rod; 22. Mold cavity. 2. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 20. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 20. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 20. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 20. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 20. 20. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25 ... Detailed Implementation

[0031] See the example. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this embodiment is an integrated hole-type mold for the rear end cover of a housing, including a frame. From top to bottom, the frame is provided with a cylinder, a moving mold base 3, and a fixed mold base 4. The fixed mold base 4 and the cylinder are fixedly connected to the frame by bolts and nuts. The top of the moving mold base 3 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the cylinder by bolts and nuts. The cylinder is used to drive the moving mold base 3 to move towards or away from the fixed mold base 4. A casting pipe 7 is welded onto the fixed mold base 4. A fixed mold 6 and a moving mold 5 are provided between the fixed mold base 4 and the moving mold base 3. The fixed mold 6 is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base 4 by bolts and nuts, and the moving mold 5 is fixedly connected to the moving mold base 3 by bolts and nuts. A first side mold 11 and two second side molds 12 are provided above the fixed mold 6. The first side mold 11 and the second side molds 12 abut against the fixed mold 6 and can slide relative to each other. The moving mold 5 has a first groove 15 for accommodating the first side mold 11 and two second grooves 16 for accommodating the second side molds 12. The moving mold 5, the fixed mold 6, and the first side mold 1... The first mold 1 and the two second side molds 12 together enclose a mold cavity 22 for casting the rear end cover. Several insert pins 9 are welded through and inserted into the mold cavity 22, passing through the moving mold 5, the fixed mold 6, the first side mold 11, and the second side mold 12. The positions of the insert pins 9 correspond to the positions of the A-channel 2 on the rear end cover. Several pouring channels 8 for molten aluminum to flow into the mold cavity 22 and several slag discharge channels 44 for molten aluminum to flow out of the mold cavity 22 are provided on the fixed mold 6 and the moving mold 5. The two ends of the pouring channels 8 are... The slag discharge channel 44 is not connected to the casting pipe 7 and the mold cavity 22. One end of the slag discharge channel 44 is connected to the side of the mold cavity 22 away from the casting pipe 7. The other end of the slag discharge channel 44 is connected to the venting device. The slag bag 10 is connected to the slag discharge channel 44. The slag bag 10 is located between the mold cavity 22 and the venting device. The mold cavity 22 is provided with a protruding post 23 for forming the circular opening 1. The protruding post 23 is integrally formed with the fixed mold 6. The protruding post 23 has a channel 24 for the aluminum liquid to flow towards the slag discharge channel 44.

[0032] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a second hydraulic cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed mold base 4 by bolts and nuts. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to a first slide block 13 that can slide axially along the first groove 15 by bolts and nuts. The fixed mold base 4 has a first sliding groove that matches the first slide block 13. The first slide block 13 is slidably connected to the first sliding groove. The first slide block 13 is fixedly connected to the first side mold 11 by bolts and nuts. It also includes two second slide blocks 14 that can slide axially along the second groove 16. The fixed mold base 4 has two second sliding grooves that match the second slide blocks 14. The second slide blocks 14 are slidably connected to the second sliding groove. The second slide blocks 14 are fixedly connected to the second side mold 12 by bolts and nuts. Two outwardly inclined guide rods 21 are welded to the side of the fixed mold base 4 facing the moving mold base 3. The inclined guide rods 21 pass through the second slide blocks 14 and are clearance-fitted with the second slide blocks 14. The fixed mold base 4 has a guide rod groove 45 for accommodating the inclined guide rods 21.

[0033] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed mold base 4 by bolts and nuts. The output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to a mounting base 19 by bolts and nuts. An ejector pin 20 is threaded onto the mounting base 19. The shape of the ejector pin 20 matches the A-channel 2. A through hole is opened on the moving mold 5 for the ejector pin 20 to be inserted into the mold cavity 22. The position of the through hole matches the position of the A-channel 2. The outer surface of the ejector pin 20 is covered with a nano-coating.

[0034] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the venting component includes an upper venting block 25 and a lower venting block 26 arranged opposite to each other. The upper venting block 25 is fixedly connected to the moving mold base 3 by bolts and nuts, and the lower venting block 26 is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base 4 by bolts and nuts. The lower venting block 26 has a venting groove 27 on the side facing the upper venting block 25, and a venting protrusion 28 is welded on the side facing the lower venting block 26. The venting protrusion 28 and the venting groove 27 can jointly enclose a wave-shaped venting channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the venting channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The inlet of the venting channel is connected to the end of the slag discharge channel 44.

[0035] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, several water-cooling pipes 29 are welded through and through both the fixed mold 6 and the moving mold 5. All water-cooling pipes 29 are distributed in the sparsely distributed area of ​​the insert pins 9, avoiding the insert pins 9. The water-cooling pipes 29 are connected to several vertical pipes 30 extending into the mold cavity 22. The bottom end of the vertical pipe 30 is close to the mold cavity 22. A water baffle 31 is welded inside the vertical pipe 30 to block the flow of cooling water along the water-cooling pipe 29. There is a gap between the bottom end of the water baffle 31 and the bottom end of the vertical pipe 30 for the cooling water to flow through. It also includes a chiller. The outlet of the chiller is connected to the outlet main pipe. A circulating water pump is connected to the flange on the outlet main pipe. The inlet of the chiller is connected to the inlet main pipe. One end of the water-cooling pipe 29 is connected to a first connecting pipe. The other end of the water-cooling pipe 29 is connected to a second connecting pipe. All first connecting pipes are connected to the outlet main pipe. All second connecting pipes are connected to the inlet main pipe.

[0036] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the moving mold 5 has several cooling grooves 32 on the side opposite to the fixed mold 6. All cooling grooves 32 are distributed in the area where the insert pins 9 are densely distributed, avoiding the insert pins 9. The bottom end of the cooling groove 32 is close to the mold cavity 22 and also includes a cooling rod 33. The cooling rod 33 passes through the moving mold base 3 and is threadedly connected to the moving mold base 3. The bottom end of the cooling rod 33 is inserted into the cooling groove 32. The bottom end of the cooling rod 33 has a groove 34. A cooling tube 35 is welded into the groove 34. The bottom end of the cooling tube 35 extends into the cooling groove 32. The cooling tube 35 and the cooling groove are connected. There is a gap 36 between 32, and the gap 36 and the groove 34 together form a return cavity for cooling water to flow. The ignition pipe 35 has a water inlet hole 37. The ignition rod 33 is welded with a water inlet pipe 38 and a water outlet pipe 39. The water inlet pipe 38 passes through the ignition rod 33 and is connected to the water inlet hole 37. The water outlet pipe 39 passes through the ignition rod 33 and is connected to the return cavity. The water inlet pipe 38 is connected to a third connecting pipe. The water outlet pipe 39 is connected to a fourth connecting pipe. All the third connecting pipes are connected to the main water outlet pipe. All the fourth connecting pipes are connected to the main water inlet pipe.

[0037] See Figure 10 As shown, the specific implementation method of the integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing and its forming method in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, Mold Closure: First, activate the second hydraulic cylinder 18 to drive the first slide block 13, which in turn moves the first side mold 11 axially inward along the first groove 15. Then, activate the cylinder to drive the moving mold base 3, which in turn moves the moving mold 5 towards the fixed mold base 4. The inclined guide rod 21 moves with the moving mold base 3 towards the fixed mold base 4. Because the inclined guide rod 21 is inclined outward and fits with the second slide block 14 with a clearance 36, and the second slide block 14 is slidably connected to the second slide groove that allows it to slide axially along the second groove 16, the inclined guide rod 21 moving towards the fixed mold base 4 can force the second slide block 14 to move the second side mold 12 axially inward along the second groove 16 until the moving mold 5 and the fixed mold 6 are closed, the first side mold 11 enters the first groove 15, and the second side mold 12 enters the second groove 16. The moving mold 5, the fixed mold 6, the first side mold 11, and the two second side molds 12 together enclose the mold cavity 22 for casting the rear end cover. At the same time, the upper vent block 25 moves with the moving mold base 3 to the lower vent block 26 on the fixed mold base 4. The vent grooves 27 and vent protrusions 28 on the upper vent block 25 and the lower vent block 26 together enclose a wave-shaped venting channel. Then, the first hydraulic cylinder 17 is activated to drive the mounting base 19 to drive the ejector pin 20 to insert into the mold cavity 22 through the through hole. The ejector pin 20 allows the A-channel 2 to be formed directly during the casting process, reducing the problem of exposing the holes inside the rear end cover caused by the cooling and shrinkage of the aluminum liquid due to drilling in the later processing, thereby improving the yield rate. Moreover, the reduction of the drilling process in the later processing improves the production efficiency. Step 2, Casting: Inject molten aluminum into the casting pipe 7. The molten aluminum flows from the casting pipe 7 into the casting channel 8 and then into the mold cavity 22. After filling the mold cavity 22, it flows into the slag discharge channel 44. During the flow of the molten aluminum in the slag discharge channel 44, the molten aluminum flows through the slag bag 10. The slag and other impurities formed when the molten aluminum is cooled at the front end when filling the mold cavity 22 flow into the slag bag 10 with the flow of the molten aluminum and remain in the slag bag 10. Then, it flows into the exhaust channel from the slag discharge channel 44. During the flow of molten aluminum in the mold cavity 22, if the protrusion 23 does not have a through groove 24, the molten aluminum will split into two streams when it reaches the protrusion 23, bypassing the protrusion 23 before converging again. However, the two streams of molten aluminum flowing towards each other are prone to turbulence and backflow, causing some impurities at the front end of the molten aluminum to easily remain in the mold cavity 22. By opening a through groove 24 on the protrusion 23 to allow the molten aluminum to flow towards the slag discharge channel 44, some of the molten aluminum can flow directly through the through groove 24 towards the slag discharge channel 44. The diameter of the aluminum liquid is shorter than the path around the protrusion 23, so the two aluminum liquids that bypass the protrusion 23 will arrive at the confluence point after the aluminum liquid flowing through the channel 24. When these two aluminum liquids come into contact with the aluminum liquid flowing through the channel 24, they are driven to flow towards the slag discharge channel 44 instead of directly colliding with each other. This can reduce turbulence and backflow, and allow the impurities at the front end of the aluminum liquid to flow out of the mold cavity 22 with the aluminum liquid from the slag discharge channel 44, reducing the possibility of impurities remaining in the mold cavity 22, thereby improving the yield of the rear end cover. During the above process, the molten aluminum continuously pushes the air in the casting channel 8, mold cavity 22 and slag discharge channel 44, causing the air to be discharged from the exhaust channel. When the molten aluminum flows into the exhaust channel, it needs to repeatedly tumble over the wave-like undulations in the exhaust channel, increasing the flow resistance of the molten aluminum in the exhaust channel, thereby consuming the kinetic energy of the molten aluminum and reducing the possibility of the molten aluminum splashing outward from the exhaust channel outlet. Moreover, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, the resistance encountered by the molten aluminum when flowing in the exhaust channel gradually increases, thereby accelerating the consumption of the molten aluminum's kinetic energy and further reducing the possibility of the molten aluminum splashing outward, thus reducing the situation where the molten aluminum splashes to the surroundings and is difficult to clean.

[0038] Step 3, Cooling: Start the circulating water pump so that the cooling water prepared by the chiller flows from the outlet into the main outlet pipe, then from the main outlet pipe into the first connecting pipe, then from the first connecting pipe into the water-cooling pipe 29, then after flowing through the water-cooling pipe 29 into the second connecting pipe, then from the second connecting pipe into the main inlet pipe, and then into the inlet back to the chiller. At the same time, the cooling water also flows from the main outlet pipe into the third connecting pipe, then from the third connecting pipe into the inlet pipe 38, then from the inlet pipe 38 into the cooling tank 32, then through the return chamber and into the outlet pipe. 39. The water then flows from the outlet pipe 39 into the fourth connecting pipe, then from the fourth connecting pipe into the main inlet pipe, and then into the inlet back to the chiller. In the above process, the cooling water flowing in the water cooling pipe 29 and the spot cooling tank 32 can remove the heat of the aluminum liquid in the mold cavity 22. The spot cooling tank 32 is distributed in the area where the pins 9 are densely distributed and it is difficult to set up the water cooling pipe 29. It can work with the water cooling pipe 29 to make the cooling area cover the mold cavity 22 more comprehensively, improve the cooling effect of the aluminum liquid, and thus improve the speed of aluminum liquid cooling and solidification to form the rear end cover. During the process of cooling water flowing through the water-cooling pipe 29, the cooling water is guided by several vertical pipes 30 connected to the water-cooling pipe 29 to a position close to the mold cavity 22. Since there are baffles 31 welded inside the vertical pipes 30 to block the flow of cooling water along the water-cooling pipe 29, the baffles 31 can block the cooling water, forcing the cooling water in the water-cooling pipe 29 to flow to the bottom of the vertical pipe 30 after entering the vertical pipe 30, then through the gap between the baffles 31 and the bottom of the vertical pipe 30, and then to the connection between the water-cooling pipe 29 and the vertical pipe 30, and then flow into the water-cooling pipe 29. This allows the cooling water to flow in the vertical pipe 30, effectively removing the heat of the aluminum liquid in the mold cavity 22, further increasing the speed of aluminum liquid cooling and solidification to form the rear end cap, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0039] Step 4, Demolding: First, start the first hydraulic cylinder 17 to drive the mounting base 19 to drive the ejector pin 20 to pull out the mold cavity 22 from the through hole. Then, start the cylinder to drive the moving mold base 3 to move the moving mold 5 away from the fixed mold base 4, so that the moving mold 5 is separated from the fixed mold 6. The inclined guide rod 21 moves with the moving mold base 3. Through the inclined guide rod 21, the second slide 14 is forced to drive the second side mold 12 to slide away from the box core. Then, start the second hydraulic cylinder 18 to drive the first slide 13 to drive the first side mold 11 to slide away from the box core. Then, the operator takes out the formed rear end cover.

[0040] Step 5, Grinding: Remove the waste material generated by the solidification of aluminum liquid in the pouring channel 8, slag bag 10, through channel 24, slag discharge channel 44 and venting channel that are connected to the rear end cover, and then grind the rear end cover to finally obtain the finished product.

[0041] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this invention. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A mold for an integrated rear end cover of a housing, comprising a fixed mold base and a movable mold base capable of moving toward or away from the fixed mold base, wherein a casting pipe is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base, a fixed mold and a movable mold are disposed between the fixed mold base and the movable mold base, the fixed mold is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base, the movable mold is fixedly connected to the movable mold base, and further comprising a first side mold and two second side molds located above the fixed mold, wherein the movable mold has a first groove for accommodating the first side mold and two second grooves for accommodating the second side molds, the movable mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold and the two second side molds together forming a mold cavity for casting a rear end cover, wherein the fixed mold has a plurality of casting channels for the flow of molten aluminum, and the two ends of the casting channels are respectively connected to the casting pipe and the mold cavity, characterized in that, The fixed mold has an ejector pin on one side for pre-forming the A-channel. The fixed mold and the moving mold are provided with a cooling structure for cooling the molten aluminum. The mold also includes a driving structure for driving the first side mold to move axially along the first groove and the second side mold to move axially along the second groove.

2. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejector pin assembly includes a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to one side of the fixed mold base. The output shaft of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting base. An ejector pin is detachably connected to the mounting base. The shape of the ejector pin tip matches the A-channel. The moving mold has a through hole for the ejector pin to be inserted into the mold cavity. The position of the through hole matches the position of the A-channel. The outer surface of the ejector pin is covered with a nano-coating.

3. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling structure includes several water-cooling pipes for cooling water flow, which are installed inside the fixed mold or the moving mold. All water-cooling pipes are distributed in areas where inserts are sparsely distributed, avoiding inserts. The water-cooling pipes are connected to several vertical pipes extending into the mold cavity. The bottom ends of the vertical pipes are close to the mold cavity. Several point cooling grooves are opened on the side of the moving mold and the fixed mold that is opposite to each other. All point cooling grooves are distributed in areas where inserts are densely distributed, avoiding inserts. The bottom ends of the point cooling grooves are close to the mold cavity. The structure also includes several point cooling components for allowing cooling water to flow in the point cooling grooves.

4. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling element includes a cooling rod that passes through a moving mold base and is fixedly connected to the moving mold base. The bottom end of the cooling rod is inserted into a cooling groove, and a groove is formed at the bottom end of the cooling rod. A cooling tube is fixedly connected to the groove, and the bottom end of the cooling tube extends into the cooling groove. There is a gap between the cooling tube and the cooling groove. The gap and the groove together form a return cavity for cooling water to flow. A water inlet hole is formed on the cooling tube. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the cooling rod. The water inlet pipe passes through the cooling rod and communicates with the water inlet hole, and the water outlet pipe passes through the cooling rod and communicates with the return cavity.

5. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: A baffle plate is fixedly connected inside the vertical pipe to prevent cooling water from flowing along the water-cooling pipe, and there is a gap between the bottom end of the baffle plate and the bottom end of the vertical pipe for cooling water to flow through.

6. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a second hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to a fixed mold base, the output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder being fixedly connected to a first slide block capable of sliding along the axial direction of the first groove, the first slide block being fixedly connected to a first side mold, the first slide block being slidably connected to the fixed mold base, and also includes a transmission component for driving the second side mold to move along the axial direction of the second groove.

7. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission component includes two second slide blocks that can slide toward or away from the core of the box. The second slide blocks are fixedly connected to the second side mold and slidably connected to the fixed mold base. Two outwardly inclined guide rods are fixedly connected to the moving mold base. The guide rods pass through the second slide blocks and are slidably connected to the second slide blocks. The fixed mold base has guide rod slots for accommodating the guide rods.

8. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of the housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold cavity is provided with a protrusion for forming a circular opening. The protrusion is fixedly connected to the moving mold or the fixed mold. The fixed mold and the moving mold have a number of slag discharge channels for the aluminum liquid to flow out of the mold cavity. The slag discharge channels are connected to the side of the mold cavity away from the casting pipe. The slag discharge channels are connected to slag bags. The protrusion has a channel for the aluminum liquid to flow in the direction of the slag discharge channels.

9. The integrated hole mold for the rear end cover of a housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slag discharge channel is provided with an exhaust component at its end. The exhaust component includes an upper exhaust block and a lower exhaust block arranged opposite each other. The upper exhaust block is fixedly connected to the moving mold base, and the lower exhaust block is fixedly connected to the fixed mold base. An exhaust groove is opened on the side of the lower exhaust block facing the upper exhaust block, and an exhaust protrusion is fixedly connected on the side of the upper exhaust block facing the lower exhaust block. The exhaust protrusion and the exhaust groove can jointly enclose a wave-shaped exhaust channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The inlet of the exhaust channel is connected to the end of the slag discharge channel.

10. A mold for an integrated hole type for a rear end cover of a housing and a method for forming the same, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Mold Closure: First, start the drive structure to drive the first side mold to move inward along the first groove axis and the second side mold to move inward along the second groove axis. Then, move the moving mold base toward the fixed mold base until the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, the first side mold enters the first groove and the second side mold enters the second groove. The moving mold, the fixed mold, the first side mold and the two second side molds together enclose the mold cavity for casting the rear end cover, and the ejector pins enable the A-channel to be directly formed in subsequent steps. Step 2, Casting: Inject molten aluminum into the casting pipe, allowing the molten aluminum to flow into the mold cavity from the casting channel; Step 3: Cooling: The molten aluminum in the mold cavity is cooled by a cooling structure to form the rear end cap; Step 4, Demolding: Move the moving mold base away from the fixed mold base to drive the moving mold to detach from the fixed mold. Then, start the drive structure to drive the first side mold and the second side mold to reset. Then, the operator takes out the formed rear end cover. Step 5, Grinding: Remove the waste material generated by the solidification of molten aluminum in the pouring channel that is connected to the rear end cover, and then grind the rear end cover to obtain the final product.

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