A vertical five-axis turning and milling combined numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical five-axis turning and milling combined numerical control machine tool, which comprises a machine tool body and a processing cylinder installed on the top of the machine tool body, an anode cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the processing cylinder, rotating rings are rotationally connected to the top and bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder, limit sliding cylinders are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating rings in a symmetrical mode, cathode filaments are arranged to be commonly slidably arranged between the limit sliding cylinders on the same side of the top and bottom, a collecting assembly is arranged on the inner side of the processing cylinder, the collecting assembly comprises a plurality of groups of fixed cylinders which are fixedly installed on the outer side of a hollow shaft at equal intervals, a feeding cylinder is arranged to be limitingly slid on the inner side of each group of fixed cylinders, and an oil scraping plate which is in contact with the inner wall of the anode cylinder is installed at the end of the feeding cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In five-axis milling and turning machining, the evaporation of cutting fluid due to heating and the slinging effect of the high-speed rotating cutting tool generate a large number of oil mist particles. These tiny oil droplets are suspended in the machining area of ​​the machine tool, which not only seriously deteriorates the air quality in the workshop and endangers the health of operators, but also condenses on the surface of electrical components to form an oil film, causing electrical faults and accelerating equipment wear. To control oil mist pollution, existing technologies typically employ purification devices that combine physical filtration with electrostatic adsorption. The core structure includes a porous fiber filter and a high-voltage corona discharge component, which achieves the tiered separation and collection of oil mist by intercepting coarse particles and adsorbing charged fine particles.

[0003] However, existing conventional oil mist purification equipment has significant drawbacks in practical applications. First, frequent changes in five-axis machining conditions cause drastic instantaneous fluctuations in oil mist concentration. Since the electrode spacing of electrostatic precipitators is mostly fixed and cannot be adjusted, the corona initiation voltage and electric field strength cannot dynamically match the dust load, resulting in a significant decrease in charged collection efficiency under varying operating conditions. Second, after long-term use, oil droplets accumulate and permeate into the deep pores of the fiber filter. Relying solely on centrifugal force is insufficient to completely remove the viscous oil film, easily leading to filter saturation and blockage. Third, the oil adsorbed on the inner wall of the anode cylinder flows slowly under gravity due to its viscosity. Especially during heavy cutting and when a large amount of mist is generated, the oil layer at the bottom accumulates severely. The lack of active oil drainage methods leads to a sharp increase in equipment resistance and a decline in purification performance, requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning, which greatly restricts the continuous automated operation capability of the machine tool.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool includes a machine tool body and a smoke extraction pipe installed on its top. A processing cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the machine tool body. An anode cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the processing cylinder. A rotating ring is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder. A limiting slide cylinder is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring. A cathode wire is slidably arranged between the two limiting slide cylinders on the same side at the top and bottom. A hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the processing cylinder, and a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the hollow shaft. A collection assembly is provided on the inner side of the processing cylinder. The collection assembly includes several sets of fixed cylinders that are equidistantly fixed on the outer side of the hollow shaft. A feed cylinder is slidably provided on the inner side of each set of fixed cylinders. An oil scraper is installed at the end of the feed cylinder that contacts the inner wall of the anode cylinder, and the contact force between the oil scraper and the anode cylinder is adjustable. The bottom of the processing cylinder is provided with a cleaning component, which includes a first filter screen symmetrically and rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder. A limiting slide rail is fixedly provided on the top of the first filter screen. A first slider is slidably provided on the inner side of the limiting slide rail. A sliding air tube is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner side of the first slider. The sliding air tube is used to clean the first filter screen.

[0007] The above technical solution further includes: The bottom of the processing cylinder has a smoke inlet, which is connected to the smoke extraction pipe. A support frame is fixedly installed between the processing cylinder and the top of the machine tool body. The top of the processing cylinder has a smoke outlet. A second filter screen is fixedly installed on the top inner side of the processing cylinder, and the second filter screen is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft.

[0008] A motor frame is fixedly installed on the top of the processing cylinder, and a first motor is fixedly installed on one side of the motor frame. A driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. A driven bevel gear is meshed on the driving bevel gear. The driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of the hollow shaft extending to the top of the processing cylinder. The hollow shaft is rotatably connected to the motor frame. A second motor is fixedly connected to the top of the motor frame, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0009] The rotating ring is located at the bottom of the second filter screen. The transmission shaft extends to the outer wall of the inner side of the hollow shaft and is symmetrically fixedly connected to an adjusting bevel gear. The adjusting bevel gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft. The adjusting bevel gear is symmetrically meshed with an adjusting bevel gear, and an adjusting screw is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjusting bevel gear.

[0010] The limiting slide is fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow shaft, the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting slide, the outside of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to a second slider, the second slider is limited and slidably disposed on the inside of the limiting slide, the end face of the second slider extending to the outside of the limiting slide is fixedly connected to an insulating sleeve, and the cathode wire is installed between two insulating sleeves on the same side at the top and bottom.

[0011] The collecting assembly also includes several collecting bevel gears fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outside of the drive shaft. The collecting bevel gears are symmetrically meshed on the collecting bevel gears. The collecting screw is fixedly connected to the inside of the collecting bevel gears. The collecting screw is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft. The limiting slide and the fixed cylinder are 90 degrees out of phase.

[0012] A threaded slip ring is provided on the inner side of the fixed cylinder for limiting sliding. The threaded slip ring is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder. The collecting screw is threadedly connected to the threaded slip ring. An installation cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the feed cylinder extending to the outside of the fixed cylinder. A fixed post is slidably provided on the inner side of the installation cylinder. A return spring is fixedly connected between the fixed post and the feed cylinder. A limiting rod is provided on the inner side of the return spring and fixedly connected to the fixed post. The limiting rod slides relative to the feed cylinder.

[0013] The top of the rotating ring at the bottom is provided with a second oil receiving plate, which is installed at the bottom of the oil scraper. The outer side of the treatment cylinder is provided with a second oil outlet that communicates with the second oil receiving plate.

[0014] The first filter screen is made of porous fiber material. A first oil receiving tray is provided at the bottom of the first filter screen. The first oil receiving tray is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing cylinder. A first oil outlet communicating with the first oil receiving tray is installed on the outer side of the processing cylinder.

[0015] An adjusting motor is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer side of the processing cylinder. A support sleeve is rotatably connected to the outer side of the hollow shaft. A limiting slide rail is fixedly connected between the support sleeve and the processing cylinder. A cleaning screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide rail. One end of the cleaning screw extending to the outer side of the processing cylinder is connected to the output end of the adjusting motor. The first slider is threadedly connected to the cleaning screw. A fixing tube is slidably provided on the outer side of the sliding air tube. The fixing tube is fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of the processing cylinder.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the design, by adjusting the cathode wire with adjustable electrode spacing and the oil scraper with adjustable contact force in real time, can dynamically adjust the corona discharge state of the electrostatic field and the scraping intensity of the anode cylinder wall according to the real-time changes in oil mist concentration during five-axis milling and turning composite machining, ensuring stable oil mist collection efficiency and oil discharge capacity under different cutting parameters.

[0017] In this invention, the design utilizes the centrifugal shearing effect generated by the rotation of the first filter screen with the hollow shaft, the high-pressure shearing airflow swept radially by the sliding air tube along the filter screen, and the circumferential mechanical scraping of the anode cylinder wall by the oil scraper. The two work together to effectively avoid the clogging of the fiber filter layer and the retention of oil film on the wall, significantly extending the maintenance cycle and reducing the frequency of manual intervention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the processing cylinder structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing cylinder in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component and the collection component in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool body; 2. Processing cylinder; 20. Support frame; 21. Smoke outlet; 22. Second filter screen; 23. Smoke inlet; 10. Smoke extraction pipe; 3. First motor; 30. Second motor; 31. Motor frame; 32. Driven bevel gear; 33. Driving bevel gear; 34. Transmission shaft; 35. Hollow shaft; 4. Fixed pipe; 40. Adjusting motor; 41. First oil outlet; 42. First oil receiving tray; 43. First filter screen; 44. Sliding air pipe; 45. Support sleeve; 46. Limiting slide rail; 47. Cleaning screw; 4 8. First slider; 6. Cathode wire; 60. Rotating ring; 61. Limiting slide cylinder; 62. Adjusting bevel gear; 63. Adjusting bevel gear; 64. Adjusting screw; 65. Second slider; 66. Insulating sleeve; 7. Anode cylinder; 8. Oil scraper; 80. Second oil outlet; 81. Collecting bevel gear; 82. Collecting bevel gear; 83. Collecting screw; 84. Fixing cylinder; 85. Feeding cylinder; 86. Mounting cylinder; 87. Fixing column; 88. Return spring; 89. Limiting rod; 810. Second oil receiving tray; 811. Threaded slip ring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1-7As shown, the present invention proposes a vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, including a machine tool body 1 and a smoke extraction pipe 10 installed on its top. A processing cylinder 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the machine tool body 1. An anode cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder 2. A rotating ring 60 is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder 2. A limiting slide cylinder 61 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring 60. A cathode wire 6 is slidably arranged between the two limiting slide cylinders 61 on the same side at the top and bottom. A hollow shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the inside, and a drive shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the inside of the hollow shaft 35. A collection assembly is provided inside the processing cylinder 2. The collection assembly includes several sets of fixed cylinders 84 that are equidistantly fixed to the outside of the hollow shaft 35. A feed cylinder 85 is slidably provided inside each set of fixed cylinders 84. An oil scraper 8 that contacts the inner wall of the anode cylinder 7 is installed at the end of the feed cylinder 85. The contact force between the oil scraper 8 and the anode cylinder 7 is adjustable. The bottom of the treatment cylinder 2 is provided with a cleaning component, which includes a first filter screen 43 symmetrically rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner side of the treatment cylinder 2. A limiting slide rail 46 is fixedly provided on the top of the first filter screen 43. A first slider 48 is slidably provided on the inner side of the limiting slide rail 46. A sliding air tube 44 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the first slider 48. The sliding air tube 44 is used to clean the first filter screen 43.

[0022] In this design, the oil mist generated during the processing of the machine tool body 1 is drawn into the treatment cylinder 2 for treatment. During the upward airflow, large oil droplets are first filtered by two symmetrically arranged first filter screens 43. The first filter screens 43 are made of porous fiber material. Oil droplets will permeate through the first filter screens 43. The first filter screens 43 rotate synchronously with the hollow shaft 35 and are thrown to the edge of the first filter screens 43 under the action of centrifugal force. As the oil droplets accumulate, they are eventually collected. Furthermore, to further assist in the collection of oil droplets on the first filter screen 43, a high-pressure airflow is introduced into the sliding air tube 44. As the first filter screen 43 rotates, the airflow blown out by the sliding air tube 44 sweeps across the first filter screen 43 in an annular pattern. The position of the air outlet end of the sliding air tube 44 can be adjusted to ensure that every fiber region of the filter screen from the central annular region to the outer annular region is periodically subjected to direct impact from the high-pressure gas. The flow rate at the air outlet end of the sliding air tube 44 is much smaller than the smoke inlet flow rate of the treatment cylinder 2.

[0023] Furthermore, high-pressure airflow is used to push oil droplets embedded deep in the fiber layer out of the fiber layer. The airflow direction and the rotation direction form an angle shear. The lateral friction force of the airflow is used to push the viscous oil film adhering to the fiber surface to the edge of the filter screen, and centrifugal force is used to complete the radial migration of the oil droplets.

[0024] Furthermore, the mist containing small oil droplets then enters the high-voltage electrostatic field formed by the anode cylinder 7 and the cathode wire 6. After the cathode wire 6 is energized, it releases a large number of electrons, which charge the oil mist particles. The charged particles migrate directionally under the action of the electric field force and are eventually adsorbed on the inner wall surface of the anode cylinder 7, condensing into an oil film.

[0025] Furthermore, the cathode wire 6 is symmetrically arranged around the axis of the hollow shaft 35, and its distance from the anode cylinder 7 is adjustable. It also moves in a circular motion around the hollow shaft 35. The five-axis milling and turning composite machining conditions are varied. By changing the electrode distance between the cathode wire 6 and the anode cylinder 7, the electrode distance directly affects the corona initiation voltage and electric field strength. In effect, the operator can dynamically adjust the electrode distance according to the real-time dust concentration to keep the electrostatic field in the optimal corona discharge state, thereby maintaining the highest oil mist collection efficiency under different cutting parameters.

[0026] Furthermore, most industrial purifiers use negative corona discharge. In this design, when the cathode wire 6 moves in a circle, different positions of the entire annular cross section alternately become high field strength areas within a complete cycle. Particles at different positions in the airflow obtain equal charging opportunities, achieving dynamic turbulence and improving the contact efficiency between oil mist and electric field.

[0027] Furthermore, the more oil mist generated during machine tool processing, the smaller the distance between the cathode wire 6 and the anode cylinder 7 (within a safe range). Since the oil droplets in the oil mist have a certain viscosity, the resistance increases significantly when the thick oil film flows towards the bottom of the anode cylinder 7 under gravity. Based on the real-time oil mist concentration generated under the cutting conditions, this design actively adjusts the contact force between the scraper 8 and the inner wall of the anode cylinder 7. When heavy cutting generates a large amount of oil mist, the contact force between the scraper 8 and the anode cylinder 7 is increased simultaneously to enhance the bottom scraping effect, thereby ensuring the uniform flow and efficient discharge of the liquid film on the entire anode cylinder wall.

[0028] Example 2 like Figures 3-7 As shown, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the processing cylinder 2 is fixedly installed on the machine tool body 1 by the support frame 20 at its bottom. The machine tool body 1 is equipped with a negative pressure machine for extracting the oil mist inside. The oil mist in the machine tool body 1 enters from the bottom of the processing cylinder 2 through the smoke inlet 23. After the flue gas is filtered by the first filter screen 43, it enters the inner side of the anode cylinder 7 for ionization and collection. The clean air after treatment is then filtered by the second filter screen 22. The second filter screen 22 is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 35. Finally, it is discharged from the top of the processing cylinder 2 through the smoke outlet 21. A motor frame 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the processing cylinder 2. A first motor 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the motor frame 31. A driving bevel gear 33 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 3. A driven bevel gear 32 is meshed on the driving bevel gear 33. The driven bevel gear 32 is fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of the hollow shaft 35 extending to the top of the processing cylinder 2. The hollow shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the motor frame 31. A second motor 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the motor frame 31. The output end of the second motor 30 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 34. The transmission shaft 34 can rotate independently inside the hollow shaft 35.

[0029] The bottom of the first filter screen 43 is provided with a first oil receiving tray 42, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing cylinder 2. The outer side of the processing cylinder 2 is provided with a first oil outlet 41 that communicates with the first oil receiving tray 42.

[0030] An adjusting motor 40 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer side of the processing cylinder 2. A support sleeve 45 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the hollow shaft 35. A limiting slide rail 46 is fixedly connected between the support sleeve 45 and the processing cylinder 2. A cleaning screw 47 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide rail 46. One end of the cleaning screw 47 extending to the outer side of the processing cylinder 2 is connected to the output end of the adjusting motor 40. The first slider 48 is threadedly connected to the cleaning screw 47. A fixing tube 4 is slidably provided on the outer side of the sliding air pipe 44. The fixing tube 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the processing cylinder 2.

[0031] Furthermore, when the oil mist is adsorbed and filtered by the first filter screen 43, the limiting slide rail 46 is installed on the outside of the hollow shaft 35 through the support sleeve 45 and remains stationary with the processing cylinder 2. During operation, the regulating motor 40 drives the cleaning screw 47 to rotate, adjusting the radial position of the air outlet end of the sliding air pipe 44 relative to the first filter screen 43. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the regulating motor 40, the reciprocating movement of the sliding air pipe 44 is realized. The fixed pipe 4 rigidly penetrates and seals the outer wall of the processing cylinder 2. The outer wall of the sliding air pipe 44 always slides and extends in close contact with the inner wall of the fixed pipe 4. The high-pressure airflow provided by the external air compressor can be continuously transmitted to the sliding air pipe 44 through the fixed pipe 4 and sprayed out from its air outlet end.

[0032] Furthermore, the first oil receiving tray 42 is fixed to the bottom of the first filter screen 43 and is in the shape of an annular groove. Its inner bottom wall is provided with a guide slope inclined towards the first oil outlet 41. When the oil droplets that are centrifugally thrown off the first filter screen 43 are separated from the edge of the filter screen, they drip directly or flow along the inner wall of the processing cylinder 2 into the first oil receiving tray 42 under the action of gravity.

[0033] Furthermore, operators can intuitively judge the oil interception load of the first filter screen 43 at any time by observing the oil dripping frequency at the oil outlet. Accelerated oil dripping indicates that the filter screen is saturated and the sweeping speed of the sliding air tube 44 needs to be increased to achieve human-machine interactive early warning.

[0034] Example 3 like Figures 3-7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the rotating ring 60 is disposed at the bottom of the second filter screen 22, and the transmission shaft 34 extends to the outer wall surface of the inner side of the hollow shaft 35 and is symmetrically fixedly connected to the adjusting bevel gear 62. The adjusting bevel gear 62 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft 35, and the adjusting bevel gear 63 is symmetrically meshed on the adjusting bevel gear 62. The adjusting screw 64 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjusting bevel gear 63.

[0035] The limiting slide cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow shaft 35, and the adjusting screw 64 is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting slide cylinder 61. The outside of the adjusting screw 64 is threadedly connected to the second slider 65. The second slider 65 is limited and slidably set inside the limiting slide cylinder 61. The end face of the second slider 65 extending to the outside of the limiting slide cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the insulating sleeve 66. The cathode wire 6 is installed between the two insulating sleeves 66 on the same side at the top and bottom.

[0036] Furthermore, the fine oil mist particles that have passed the primary filtration continue to rise and enter the high-voltage electrostatic field region formed by the anode cylinder 7 and the cathode wire 6. After the cathode wire 6 is energized, it releases a large number of electrons, which charge the oil mist particles. The charged particles migrate directionally to the inner wall of the anode cylinder 7 under the action of the electric field force and condense into an oil film. Pole pitch adjustment: Specifically, the second motor 30 drives the transmission shaft 34 to rotate independently of the hollow shaft 35. The adjusting bevel gear 62 on the transmission shaft 34 drives the adjusting bevel gear 63, which in turn rotates the adjusting screw 64. The screw drives the second slider 65 to slide along the limiting slide cylinder 61, which drives the cathode wire 6 to move radially through the insulating sleeve 66, thereby changing its pole pitch with the anode cylinder 7. Furthermore, during operation, the hollow shaft 35 and the transmission shaft 34 need to rotate at the same vector speed, so that the adjusting bevel gear disk 62 and the adjusting bevel gear 63 are relatively stationary. At this time, the second slider 65 remains stationary. When adjustment is required, the speed of the drive shaft 34 is faster than that of the hollow shaft 35, generating a speed difference to adjust the electrode distance between the cathode wire 6 and the anode cylinder 7. After the adjustment is completed, the two rotate at the same vector speed.

[0037] Furthermore, in the face of the variable working conditions of five-axis milling and turning composite machining, the control system can dynamically adjust the electrode pitch, change the corona initiation voltage and electric field strength, so that the electrostatic field is always in the optimal corona discharge state and maintains the highest oil mist collection efficiency. The collection assembly also includes several collection bevel gear disks 81 that are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outside of the drive shaft 34. Collection bevel gears 82 are symmetrically meshed on the collection bevel gear disks 81. Collection screws 83 are fixedly connected to the inside of the collection bevel gears 82. Collection screws 83 are rotatably connected to the hollow shaft 35. The limiting slide cylinder 61 and the fixed cylinder 84 are 90 degrees out of phase.

[0038] A threaded slip ring 811 is provided on the inner side of the fixed cylinder 84 for limiting sliding. The threaded slip ring 811 is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder 85. The collecting screw 83 is threadedly connected to the threaded slip ring 811. An installation cylinder 86 is fixedly connected to the end of the feed cylinder 85 extending to the outside of the fixed cylinder 84. A fixed post 87 is provided on the inner side of the installation cylinder 86 for sliding. A return spring 88 is fixedly connected between the fixed post 87 and the feed cylinder 85. A limiting rod 89 is provided on the inner side of the return spring 88 and is fixedly connected to the fixed post 87. The limiting rod 89 slides relative to the feed cylinder 85. During the process from the bottom to the top of the anode cylinder 7, the Hooke coefficient of the return spring 88 on the same side changes arithmetically. The Hooke coefficient of the return spring 88 near the bottom of the anode cylinder 7 is the largest.

[0039] A second oil receiving plate 810 is provided on the top of the bottom rotating ring 60. The second oil receiving plate 810 is installed at the bottom of the oil scraper 8. A second oil outlet 80 communicating with the second oil receiving plate 810 is installed on the outside of the treatment cylinder 2.

[0040] Furthermore, since the collecting screw 83 and the adjusting screw 64 in the collecting assembly use the same power source, the displacement of the feed cylinder 85 is small when the contact force between the scraper 8 and the anode cylinder 7 is adjusted. Therefore, the thread pitch of the adjusting screw 64 is greater than that of the collecting screw 83. Furthermore, when the distance between the cathode wire 6 and the anode cylinder 7 decreases, it means that a large amount of oil mist is generated in the machine tool body 1. Therefore, the contact force between the corresponding oil scraper 8 and the anode cylinder 7 also needs to be increased accordingly. Specifically, while adjusting the distance between the cathode wire 6 and the anode cylinder 7, the collecting bevel gear disk 81 on the transmission shaft 34 drives the driving collecting screw 83 to rotate and drives the feed cylinder 85 to feed radially. The contact force between the oil scraper 8 and the wall surface is controlled by the return spring 88 and the limit rod 89. When the feed cylinder 85 extends outward, the fixed column 87 compresses the spring, and the contact force increases; conversely, it decreases. Furthermore, the scraper 8 rotates circumferentially with the hollow shaft 35, scraping off the oil film from the wall surface, which falls into the second oil receiving tray 810 at the bottom and is discharged through the second oil outlet 80. The contact force between the scraper 8 and the anode cylinder 7 is actively adjusted according to the real-time oil mist concentration to ensure that the thick oil film is effectively scraped off, avoid accumulation at the bottom, and maintain uniform flow and efficient discharge of the liquid film on the entire wall surface. At the same time, the limiting slide cylinder 61 and the fixed cylinder 84 have a 90° phase difference, so that the cathode wire 6 and the scraper 8 do not interfere with each other in space.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool, comprising a machine tool body (1) and a smoke extraction pipe (10) installed on its top, wherein a processing cylinder (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the machine tool body (1), characterized in that, An anode cylinder (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the processing cylinder (2). A rotating ring (60) is rotatably connected to the top and bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder (2). A limiting slide cylinder (61) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating ring (60). A cathode wire (6) is slidably arranged between the two limiting slide cylinders (61) on the same side at the top and bottom. The processing cylinder (2) is rotatably connected to a hollow shaft (35), and the hollow shaft (35) is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft (34). The processing cylinder (2) is provided with a collection assembly. The collection assembly includes several sets of fixed cylinders (84) that are equidistantly fixed on the outside of the hollow shaft (35). Each set of fixed cylinders (84) is provided with a feed cylinder (85) that is limited and slidably arranged on the inside. The end of the feed cylinder (85) is provided with an oil scraper (8) that contacts the inner wall of the anode cylinder (7). The contact force between the oil scraper (8) and the anode cylinder (7) is adjustable. The bottom of the processing cylinder (2) is provided with a cleaning component, which includes a first filter screen (43) symmetrically rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner side of the processing cylinder (2). A limiting slide rail (46) is fixedly provided on the top of the first filter screen (43). A first slider (48) is slidably provided on the inner side of the limiting slide rail (46). A sliding air tube (44) is symmetrically fixedly connected on the inner side of the first slider (48). The sliding air tube (44) is used to clean the first filter screen (43).

2. The vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the processing cylinder (2) is provided with a smoke inlet (23), which is connected to the smoke extraction pipe (10). A support frame (20) is fixedly installed between the processing cylinder (2) and the top of the machine tool body (1). The top of the processing cylinder (2) is provided with a smoke outlet (21). A second filter screen (22) is fixedly installed on the top inner side of the processing cylinder (2). The second filter screen (22) is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft (35).

3. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A motor frame (31) is fixedly installed on the top of the processing cylinder (2). A first motor (3) is fixedly installed on one side of the motor frame (31). An active bevel gear (33) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (3). A driven bevel gear (32) is meshed on the active bevel gear (33). The driven bevel gear (32) is fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of the hollow shaft (35) extending to the top of the processing cylinder (2). The hollow shaft (35) is rotatably connected to the motor frame (31). A second motor (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the motor frame (31). The output end of the second motor (30) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (34).

4. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating ring (60) is located at the bottom of the second filter screen (22). The transmission shaft (34) extends to the outer wall of the inner side of the hollow shaft (35) and is symmetrically fixedly connected to the adjusting bevel gear (62). The adjusting bevel gear (62) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hollow shaft (35). The adjusting bevel gear (63) is symmetrically meshed on the adjusting bevel gear (62), and the adjusting screw (64) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adjusting bevel gear (63).

5. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting slide cylinder (61) is fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow shaft (35), the adjusting screw (64) is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting slide cylinder (61), the outside of the adjusting screw (64) is threadedly connected to a second slider (65), the second slider (65) is limited and slidably disposed on the inside of the limiting slide cylinder (61), the second slider (65) extends to the end face of the outside of the limiting slide cylinder (61) and is fixedly connected to an insulating sleeve (66), the cathode wire (6) is installed between the two insulating sleeves (66) on the same side at the top and bottom.

6. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collecting assembly also includes several collecting bevel gear discs (81) that are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outside of the drive shaft (34). The collecting bevel gears (82) are symmetrically meshed on the collecting bevel gears (81). The collecting screw (83) is fixedly connected to the inside of the collecting bevel gears (82). The collecting screw (83) is rotatably connected to the hollow shaft (35). The limiting slide cylinder (61) and the fixed cylinder (84) are 90 degrees out of phase.

7. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, A threaded slip ring (811) is provided on the inner side of the fixed cylinder (84) for limiting sliding. The threaded slip ring (811) is fixedly connected to the feed cylinder (85). The collecting screw (83) is threadedly connected to the threaded slip ring (811). An installation cylinder (86) is fixedly connected to the end of the feed cylinder (85) extending to the outside of the fixed cylinder (84). A fixed post (87) is provided on the inner side of the installation cylinder (86). A return spring (88) is fixedly connected between the fixed post (87) and the feed cylinder (85). A limiting rod (89) is provided on the inner side of the return spring (88) and is fixedly connected to the fixed post (87). The limiting rod (89) slides relative to the feed cylinder (85).

8. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the rotating ring (60) at the bottom is provided with a second oil receiving plate (810), the second oil receiving plate (810) is installed at the bottom of the oil scraper (8), and the outer side of the processing cylinder (2) is provided with a second oil outlet (80) that communicates with the second oil receiving plate (810).

9. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter screen (43) is made of porous fiber material. The bottom of the first filter screen (43) is provided with a first oil receiving tray (42). The first oil receiving tray (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the processing cylinder (2). The outer side of the processing cylinder (2) is provided with a first oil outlet (41) that communicates with the first oil receiving tray (42).

10. A vertical five-axis turning and milling composite CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, An adjusting motor (40) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer side of the processing cylinder (2). A support sleeve (45) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the hollow shaft (35). A limiting slide rail (46) is fixedly connected between the support sleeve (45) and the processing cylinder (2). A cleaning screw (47) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the limiting slide rail (46). One end of the cleaning screw (47) extending to the outer side of the processing cylinder (2) is connected to the output end of the adjusting motor (40). The first slider (48) is threadedly connected to the cleaning screw (47). A fixing tube (4) is slidably provided on the outer side of the sliding air pipe (44). The fixing tube (4) is fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of the processing cylinder (2).

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