A regional controllable pressure swing adsorption platform and method

Abstract

The application discloses a region-controllable negative pressure adsorption platform and method, which comprises an adsorption panel, an intermediate partition plate, a negative pressure cavity layer and a region-controllable negative pressure mechanism. The back surface of the adsorption panel is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves arranged uniformly along the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of negative pressure through holes are arranged uniformly along the transverse direction in each groove. The back surface of the intermediate partition plate is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves arranged uniformly along the transverse direction, and a plurality of negative pressure through holes are arranged uniformly along the longitudinal direction in each groove, and the negative pressure through holes of the intermediate partition plate correspond to the negative pressure through holes of the adsorption panel one by one. The negative pressure cavity layer is provided with bottom negative pressure holes corresponding to the negative pressure through holes of the intermediate partition plate one by one. The region-controllable negative pressure mechanism comprises a transversely-controllable batten and a longitudinally-controllable batten, which are arranged in the sliding grooves of the adsorption panel and the intermediate partition plate respectively, and are provided with controllable switch structures thereon. The application realizes row-column cross gating through the double-layer orthogonally-arranged controllable battens, and controls the adsorption region in the two-dimensional direction, thereby effectively reducing invalid air leakage and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to negative pressure adsorption platforms, and more specifically to a regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform and method. Background Technology

[0002] Adsorption platforms are workpiece fixing devices widely used in CNC machining, laser cutting, PCB manufacturing, and other fields. Existing adsorption platforms typically consist of a frame, a panel, and a base plate. The panel has multiple adsorption holes arranged in an array, and the base plate has an air intake that connects to an external negative pressure source (such as a vacuum pump). The negative pressure creates suction through the adsorption holes to fix the workpiece. However, in actual production, the sizes and specifications of the workpieces to be processed vary. When the workpiece size does not match the adsorption platform, the adsorption holes not covered by the workpiece will continuously leak air, leading to a decrease in vacuum level, insufficient adsorption force, and significant energy waste.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have proposed zoned control adsorption platform solutions. For example, Chinese patent application CN120886190A discloses a push-pull single-control adsorption platform and its control system. This platform features multiple parallel, spaced air valve structures within a slot on the mounting frame. Each air valve corresponds to a row or column of adsorption holes on the panel. By pushing and pulling an operating structure within a limiting slot, the air holes and connecting holes are connected or blocked, thereby achieving on / off control of the corresponding row or column of adsorption holes. This solution, to a certain extent, achieves zoned adjustment of the adsorption platform's working range and reduces some energy loss.

[0004] However, the aforementioned push-pull single-control adsorption platform still has obvious technical defects:

[0005] 1. The air valve structure of the aforementioned push-pull single-control adsorption platform can only achieve push-pull control in one direction. Under the action of external force, the operating structure can only move in the direction towards or away from the operating part, that is, it can only control the air passage in one direction and cannot achieve independent on / off control in another direction. This unidirectional control method means that the adsorption platform can only adjust the adsorption area in one dimension. When the workpiece shape is irregular or a more precise division of the adsorption area is required, a large number of uncovered adsorption holes are still in a state of ventilation and cannot be effectively closed.

[0006] 2. Since bidirectional independent control cannot be achieved, the adsorption holes in the areas not covered by the workpiece remain connected to the negative pressure system, continuously generating ineffective air leakage. This not only requires the vacuum system to maintain a high output power to compensate for the leakage, increasing energy consumption, but also long-term air leakage will draw external dust, debris and other impurities into the air circuit system, accelerating equipment wear and reducing the service life of the adsorption platform. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform and method. The platform and method achieve cross-selection of rows and columns through a double-layer orthogonally arranged transversely controllable strip and a longitudinally controllable strip, and divide the negative pressure adsorption area into controllable zones in a two-dimensional direction, which greatly reduces ineffective gas leakage, reduces energy consumption, and improves adsorption stability.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A region-controllable negative pressure adsorption platform includes an adsorption panel, a middle partition, a negative pressure chamber layer, and a region-controllable negative pressure mechanism.

[0010] The back of the adsorption panel is provided with multiple sliding grooves evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction, and each sliding groove is provided with multiple negative pressure through holes evenly distributed along the transverse direction.

[0011] The intermediate partition is located between the adsorption panel and the negative pressure chamber layer. The back of the intermediate partition is provided with multiple sliding grooves that are evenly arranged in the transverse direction. Each sliding groove is provided with multiple negative pressure through holes that are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction. The negative pressure through holes of the intermediate partition correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes on the adsorption panel.

[0012] The negative pressure cavity layer is provided with bottom negative pressure holes that correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes of the middle partition plate;

[0013] The regional controllable negative pressure mechanism includes a horizontal controllable negative pressure mechanism and a vertical controllable negative pressure mechanism. The horizontal controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple horizontally controllable strips and a horizontal driving mechanism for driving the horizontally controllable strips to move horizontally. The horizontally controllable strips are arranged in different sliding grooves of the adsorption panel. The horizontally controllable strips are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the intermediate partition. The vertical controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple vertically controllable strips and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the vertically controllable strips to move vertically. The vertically controllable strips are arranged in different sliding grooves of the intermediate partition. The vertically controllable strips are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the intermediate partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of controllable switch structures on the transverse and longitudinal controllable slats includes a controllable negative pressure hole and a controllable partition, and the spacing between the controllable negative pressure holes of multiple sets of controllable switch structures is equal; both the transverse and longitudinal controllable slats are provided with two operating modes: a fully open mode and a fully closed mode; in the fully open mode, all the controllable negative pressure holes of the transverse controllable slats are connected between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition, and all the controllable negative pressure holes of the longitudinal controllable slats are connected between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes; in the fully closed mode, all the controllable partitions of the transverse controllable slats are isolated between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition, and all the controllable partitions of the longitudinal controllable slats are isolated between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes. With the above structure, the opening and closing of the negative pressure orifice can be controlled in two mutually perpendicular directions. Compared with the existing single-direction control, the flexibility is greatly improved. It is possible to control the opening and closing of the negative pressure orifice in different areas in two directions, which helps to reduce energy consumption.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of controllable switch structures on the transverse and longitudinal controllable slats includes two controllable negative pressure holes and two controllable partitions. The controllable negative pressure holes and controllable partitions of the same set of controllable switch structures are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the corresponding sliding grooves. Specifically, for odd-numbered controllable switch structures, the two controllable negative pressure holes are arranged in the first and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions are arranged in the second and third positions. For even-numbered controllable switch structures, the two controllable negative pressure holes are arranged in the second and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions are arranged in the first and third positions.

[0016] Furthermore, each horizontally controllable slat and vertically controllable slat is equipped with four operating modes: fully open mode, fully closed mode, odd-open mode, and even-open mode;

[0017] In the fully open mode, all the controllable negative pressure holes located at the fourth position on the horizontal controllable plate are connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition. All the controllable negative pressure holes located at the fourth position on the vertical controllable plate are connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole.

[0018] In the fully closed mode, all controllable partitions located in the third position on the horizontal controllable strip are separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition. All controllable partitions located in the third position on the vertical controllable strip are separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole.

[0019] In the odd-opening mode, the first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes on the transverse controllable slats are all connected between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions on the transverse controllable slats are all separated between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition. The first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes on the longitudinal controllable slats are all connected between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions on the longitudinal controllable slats are all separated between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes.

[0020] In the even-open mode, the controllable partitions located in the second position of the odd-numbered array on the transverse controllable strip are all separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole, and the controllable negative pressure holes located in the second position of the even-numbered array on the transverse controllable strip are all connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole.

[0021] The controllable partitions in the second position of the odd-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable strip are all separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole, while the controllable negative pressure holes in the second position of the even-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable strip are all connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole.

[0022] By combining four modes, not only can the entire row or column be controlled on / off, but it can also achieve alternating odd and even opening, meaning that every other negative pressure through-hole is opened. This is particularly important for adsorption control of workpiece edge areas or rounded corner areas—when the workpiece edge only partially covers the negative pressure through-holes, using the fully open mode will cause air leakage in the uncovered holes, while using the fully closed mode will prevent the covered holes from obtaining adsorption force. The odd and even opening modes provide a trade-off, allowing users to select the working mode with the fewest air leaks based on the actual coverage of the workpiece. This ensures sufficient adsorption force while minimizing air leakage, improving the adsorption platform's adaptation accuracy and control flexibility for irregularly shaped workpieces (especially circular and rounded edges).

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, sealing rings are provided around both the controllable negative pressure orifice and the controllable partition. This ensures a reliable seal between the contact surfaces of the controllable negative pressure orifice or the controllable partition and the corresponding negative pressure through-hole or bottom negative pressure orifice, effectively preventing leakage of negative pressure gas from gaps during connection or isolation, guaranteeing the tightness and reliability of gas path switching, and improving the overall vacuum maintenance capability of the adsorption platform.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the transverse drive mechanism and the longitudinal drive mechanism include a motor mounting plate and multiple electric push rods; the placement direction of the motor mounting plate of the transverse drive mechanism is perpendicular to the placement direction of the motor mounting plate of the longitudinal drive mechanism; the multiple electric push rods are arranged on the corresponding motor mounting plates along their respective length directions; the telescopic rods of the electric push rods are fixedly connected to the corresponding transverse controllable plate strips and longitudinal controllable plate strips, respectively. With the above structure, automatic and controllable adjustment can be achieved. The electric push rods, as driving elements, have a mature structure, precise control, and rapid response, and can convert rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion, directly driving the controllable plate strips to move precisely to the target position within the sliding groove along a set direction.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the negative pressure cavity layer includes a negative pressure top plate, a negative pressure frame, and a negative pressure bottom plate, and the gap between the negative pressure top plate, the negative pressure frame, and the negative pressure bottom plate constitutes the negative pressure cavity. The above structural design is simple and easy to manufacture. The negative pressure frame, as an intermediate support component, allows for precise control of the thickness and volume of the negative pressure cavity, ensuring uniform internal space and facilitating rapid and uniform distribution of negative pressure.

[0026] A regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption method includes the following steps:

[0027] (1) Place the workpiece to be adsorbed on the upper surface of the adsorption panel so that the workpiece covers part of the negative pressure through hole on the adsorption panel;

[0028] (2) Obtain image information of the workpiece through visual recognition, and determine the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range corresponding to the coverage position of the workpiece on the adsorption panel; wherein, the longitudinal row coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove on the back of the adsorption panel, and the transverse column coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove on the back of the middle partition.

[0029] (3) Select the target horizontal controllable slab to be opened from multiple horizontal controllable slabs according to the range of the vertical row coordinates; select the target vertical controllable slab to be opened from multiple vertical controllable slabs according to the range of the horizontal column coordinates;

[0030] (4) Drive each of the transverse controllable plates in the sliding groove on the back of the adsorption panel by the transverse driving mechanism to move transversely, so that the controllable switch structure on the target transverse controllable plate is in the connected state and the controllable switch structure on the other transverse controllable plates is in the disconnected state; at the same time, drive each of the longitudinal controllable plates in the sliding groove on the back of the middle partition by the longitudinal driving mechanism to move longitudinally, so that the controllable switch structure on the target longitudinal controllable plate is in the connected state and the controllable switch structure on the other longitudinal controllable plates is in the disconnected state.

[0031] (5) Start the external negative pressure source to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber layer. The negative pressure is transmitted to the corresponding negative pressure through hole on the adsorption panel through the controllable switch structure in the open state, and the workpiece is adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the adsorption panel.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse controllable slats and the longitudinal controllable slats each have four operating modes: fully closed mode, fully open mode, odd open mode and even open mode; when driving each transverse controllable slat and the longitudinal controllable slat to move in step (4), each transverse controllable slat and the longitudinal controllable slat is configured to select one of the four operating modes to perform.

[0033] Furthermore, the axes of the negative pressure through holes of the adsorption panel, the negative pressure through holes of the middle partition, and the bottom negative pressure holes of the negative pressure cavity layer at the same location are coincident, and a negative pressure through hole coordinate system is established so that the location of each negative pressure through hole corresponds to a coordinate value M(x,y).

[0034] Furthermore, in step (2), when the workpiece to be adsorbed is a circular workpiece, the specific adsorption control method is as follows:

[0035] The contour information of the workpiece on the adsorption panel is obtained by visual recognition, and the contour coordinates of the workpiece are determined on the negative pressure through hole coordinate system, thereby determining the negative pressure through hole coordinate set corresponding to the area covered by the workpiece.

[0036] When determining the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range based on the coverage area of ​​the circular workpiece, the largest inscribed rectangle that can be completely covered inside the circular workpiece is taken as the central rectangular area, and the longitudinal row coordinate range and transverse column coordinate range corresponding to the central rectangular area are extracted.

[0037] The controllable horizontal and vertical strips corresponding to the central rectangular area are determined by the vertical row coordinate range and the horizontal column coordinate range. For each controllable horizontal and vertical strip, the working mode is set to the fully open mode, so that all negative pressure through holes in the central rectangular area are connected to the negative pressure cavity layer.

[0038] The area within the coverage of the circular workpiece and outside the central rectangular area is defined as the arc corner area. For each horizontal controllable strip and each vertical controllable strip corresponding to the arc corner area, the operation mode can only be selected between the odd-opening mode and the even-opening mode.

[0039] For the aforementioned arc-shaped corner area, the working mode settings for each horizontally controllable strip and each vertically controllable strip are adopted using the following method:

[0040] Determine the target transverse controllable strip and target longitudinal controllable strip corresponding to each of the arc corner areas; calculate the number of negative pressure through holes not covered by the workpiece caused by each target transverse controllable strip and target longitudinal controllable strip in odd-opening mode or even-opening mode, i.e., the number of air leaks; select the mode with fewer air leaks as the actual working mode of the transverse controllable strip or longitudinal controllable strip; if the number of air leaks in the two modes is equal, then arbitrarily select one of the modes.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. This invention constructs a double-layer orthogonal switching control structure. Horizontally controllable strips control the connection between the entire row of negative pressure through-holes and the corresponding negative pressure through-holes in the middle partition, while vertically controllable strips control the connection between the entire column of negative pressure through-holes and the bottom layer of negative pressure through-holes. The control in these two dimensions is independent. Through the selection and combination of row and column directions, precise switching of negative pressure through-holes at any row-column intersection can be achieved. Compared to existing technologies that can only perform push-pull control in a single direction, this invention can flexibly define the opening range according to the workpiece coverage area, significantly improving the adaptability of the adsorption platform to workpieces of different shapes and sizes.

[0043] 2. This invention, through independent gating control in both row and column dimensions, can precisely connect the negative pressure through-holes within the workpiece coverage area to the negative pressure cavity layer, while simultaneously isolating the negative pressure through-holes in uncovered areas. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can significantly eliminate leakage channels, maintain a high vacuum level in the negative pressure cavity layer, and ensure sufficient adsorption force; at the same time, the external negative pressure source does not require additional compensation for leakage losses and can operate at lower power, significantly reducing energy consumption.

[0044] 3. This invention effectively closes the negative pressure through holes not covered by the workpiece, preventing external dust, debris and other impurities from being sucked into the air path system under continuous negative pressure, reducing equipment wear and maintenance frequency, and extending the service life of the adsorption platform and negative pressure source.

[0045] 4. This invention automatically obtains the workpiece coverage position through visual recognition, determines the corresponding longitudinal row coordinate range and transverse column coordinate range, and automatically selects the target controllable strip that needs to be opened. No manual measurement or adjustment is required, which greatly shortens the auxiliary time for workpiece clamping and avoids human error. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the area-controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2-3 These are two different perspectives of the three-dimensional exploded view of the regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of X.

[0049] Figure 5-6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating different operating modes of one embodiment of the regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7-10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating different operating modes of another embodiment of the regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 11-12 This is a process state diagram illustrating the determination of the operating mode of the regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Combination Figure 1-3 The area-controllable negative pressure adsorption platform of this embodiment includes an adsorption panel 1, a middle partition 2, a negative pressure chamber layer, and an area-controllable negative pressure mechanism. The back of the adsorption panel 1 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 3 evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction, and each sliding groove 3 is provided with a plurality of negative pressure through holes 4 evenly distributed along the transverse direction. The middle partition 2 is located between the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure chamber layer. The back of the middle partition 2 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 3 evenly arranged along the transverse direction, and each sliding groove 3 is provided with a plurality of negative pressure through holes 4 evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction. The negative pressure through holes 4 of the middle partition 2 correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes 4 on the adsorption panel 1. The negative pressure chamber layer is provided with bottom negative pressure holes 5 that correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes 4 of the middle partition 2.

[0055] Combination Figure 1-3The controllable negative pressure mechanism includes a lateral controllable negative pressure mechanism and a longitudinal controllable negative pressure mechanism. The lateral controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple lateral controllable plates 6 and a lateral drive mechanism for driving the lateral controllable plates 6 to move laterally. The lateral controllable plates 6 are arranged in different sliding grooves 3 of the adsorption panel 1. The lateral controllable plates 6 are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the intermediate partition 2. The longitudinal controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple longitudinal controllable plates 7 and a longitudinal drive mechanism for driving the longitudinal controllable plates 7 to move longitudinally. The longitudinal controllable plates 7 are arranged in different sliding grooves 3 of the intermediate partition 2. The longitudinal controllable plates 7 are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the intermediate partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5.

[0056] Combination Figure 1-3 and Figure 5-6 Each set of controllable switch structures on the horizontal controllable slats 6 and 7 includes a controllable negative pressure hole 8 and a controllable partition 9. The spacing between the controllable negative pressure holes 8 of multiple sets of controllable switch structures is equal. Both the horizontal controllable slats 6 and 7 have two operating modes: fully open and fully closed. In the fully open mode, all the controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the horizontal controllable slats 6 are connected between the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2. Similarly, all the controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the vertical controllable slats 7 are connected between the negative pressure through holes 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5. Figure 5 In the fully closed mode, all controllable partitions 9 of the transverse controllable strip 6 are separated between the negative pressure through-hole 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through-hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2, and all controllable partitions 9 of the longitudinal controllable strip 7 are separated between the negative pressure through-hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole 5, as shown. Figure 6 With the above structure, the opening and closing of the negative pressure orifice can be controlled in two mutually perpendicular directions. Compared with the existing single-direction control, the flexibility is greatly improved. It is possible to control the opening and closing of the negative pressure through-hole 4 in different areas in two directions, which helps to reduce energy consumption.

[0057] Combination Figure 1-3 Both the controllable negative pressure hole 8 and the controllable isolation part 9 are equipped with sealing rings 10. In this way, the contact surfaces between the controllable negative pressure hole 8 or the controllable isolation part 9 and the corresponding negative pressure through hole 4 or bottom negative pressure hole 5 can be reliably sealed, effectively preventing negative pressure gas from leaking from the gaps when connected or isolated, ensuring the tightness and reliability of gas path switching, and improving the overall vacuum maintenance capability of the adsorption platform.

[0058] Combination Figure 1-3Both the transverse and longitudinal drive mechanisms include a motor mounting plate 11 and multiple electric push rods 12. The placement direction of the motor mounting plate 11 of the transverse drive mechanism is perpendicular to the placement direction of the motor mounting plate 11 of the longitudinal drive mechanism. The multiple electric push rods 12 are arranged on the corresponding motor mounting plate 11 along the length direction of the corresponding motor mounting plate 11. The telescopic rods of the electric push rods 12 are fixedly connected to the corresponding transverse controllable plate 6 and longitudinal controllable plate 7, respectively. Through the above structure, automatic controllable adjustment can be achieved. The electric push rod 12, as a driving element, has a mature structure, precise control, and rapid response. It can convert rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion, directly driving the controllable plate to move precisely to the target position in the sliding groove 3 along the set direction.

[0059] Combination Figure 1-3 The negative pressure chamber layer includes a negative pressure top plate 13, a negative pressure frame 14, and a negative pressure bottom plate 15. The gap between the negative pressure top plate 13, the negative pressure frame 14, and the negative pressure bottom plate 15 constitutes the negative pressure chamber. The above structural design is simple and easy to process and manufacture. The negative pressure frame 14, as an intermediate support component, can precisely control the thickness and volume of the negative pressure chamber, ensuring that the internal space of the negative pressure chamber is uniform and consistent, which is conducive to the rapid and uniform distribution of negative pressure.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Combination Figure 7-10 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that each group of controllable switch structures on the transverse controllable slats 6 and longitudinal controllable slats 7 in this embodiment includes two controllable negative pressure holes 8 and two controllable partitions 9. The controllable negative pressure holes 8 and controllable partitions 9 of the same group of controllable switch structures are evenly arranged along the length direction of the corresponding sliding grooves 3. Among them, the two controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the odd-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the first and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions 9 of the odd-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the second and third positions; the two controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the even-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the second and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions 9 of the even-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the first and third positions.

[0062] Furthermore, each horizontally controllable slat 6 and vertically controllable slat 7 is equipped with four operating modes: fully open mode, fully closed mode, odd-open mode, and even-open mode.

[0063] In full-on mode, such as Figure 10 All the controllable negative pressure holes 8 located in the fourth position on the transverse controllable plate 6 are connected between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2. All the controllable negative pressure holes 8 located in the fourth position on the longitudinal controllable plate 7 are connected between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole 5.

[0064] In full off mode, such as Figure 9 All controllable partitions 9 located in the third position on the transverse controllable strip 6 are separated between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2. All controllable partitions 9 located in the third position on the longitudinal controllable strip 7 are separated between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole 5.

[0065] In the unusual opening mode, such as Figure 8 The first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes 8 on the transverse controllable strip 6 are all connected between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions 9 on the transverse controllable strip 6 are all separated between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the adsorption panel 1 and the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2. The first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes 8 on the longitudinal controllable strip 7 are all connected between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole 5. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions 9 on the longitudinal controllable strip 7 are all separated between the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the middle partition 2 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole 5.

[0066] In the even-open mode, such as Figure 9 The second-position controllable partitions 9 of the odd-numbered array on the transverse controllable slats 6 are all separated between the corresponding negative pressure through holes 4 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5 of the intermediate partition 2. The second-position controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the even-numbered array on the transverse controllable slats 6 are all connected between the corresponding negative pressure through holes 4 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5 of the intermediate partition 2. The second-position controllable partitions 9 of the odd-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable slats 7 are all separated between the corresponding negative pressure through holes 4 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5 of the intermediate partition 2. The second-position controllable negative pressure holes 8 of the even-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable slats 7 are all connected between the corresponding negative pressure through holes 4 and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes 5 of the intermediate partition 2.

[0067] By combining the four modes, not only can the entire row or column be controlled on / off, but it can also achieve alternating odd and even opening, meaning that every other negative pressure through-hole 4 is opened. This is particularly important for adsorption control in workpiece edge areas or rounded corner areas—when the workpiece edge only partially covers the negative pressure through-hole 4, using the fully open mode will cause air leakage in the uncovered holes, while using the fully closed mode will prevent the covered holes from obtaining adsorption force. The odd and even opening modes provide a trade-off, allowing users to select the working mode with the fewest air leaks based on the actual coverage of the workpiece. This ensures sufficient adsorption force while minimizing air leakage, improving the adsorption platform's adaptation accuracy and control flexibility for irregularly shaped workpieces (especially circular and rounded edges).

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Combination Figure 1-4 The area-controllable negative pressure adsorption method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) Place the workpiece to be adsorbed on the upper surface of the adsorption panel 1 so that the workpiece covers part of the negative pressure through hole 4 on the adsorption panel 1.

[0071] (2) Obtain image information of the workpiece through visual recognition, and determine the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range corresponding to the coverage position of the workpiece on the adsorption panel 1; wherein, the longitudinal row coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove 3 on the back of the adsorption panel 1, and the transverse column coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove 3 on the back of the middle partition 2.

[0072] (3) Based on the range of the vertical row coordinates, select the target horizontal controllable slab 6 to be opened from the multiple horizontal controllable slabs 6, and the remaining horizontal controllable slabs 6 are in the closed state; based on the range of the horizontal column coordinates, select the target vertical controllable slab 7 to be opened from the multiple vertical controllable slabs 7, and the remaining vertical controllable slabs 7 are in the closed state.

[0073] (4) Drive each of the transverse controllable strips 6 to move laterally in the sliding groove 3 on the back of the adsorption panel 1 by the transverse driving mechanism, so that the controllable switch structure on the target transverse controllable strip 6 is in the connected state, and the controllable switch structure on the other transverse controllable strips 6 is in the disconnected state; at the same time, drive each of the longitudinal controllable strips 7 to move longitudinally in the sliding groove 3 on the back of the middle partition 2 by the longitudinal driving mechanism, so that the controllable switch structure on the target longitudinal controllable strip 7 is in the connected state, and the controllable switch structure on the other longitudinal controllable strips 7 is in the disconnected state.

[0074] (5) Start the external negative pressure source to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber layer. The negative pressure is transmitted to the corresponding negative pressure through hole 4 on the adsorption panel 1 through the controllable switch structure in the open state, and the workpiece is adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the adsorption panel 1.

[0075] Combination Figure 7-10 The horizontally controllable slats 6 and the vertically controllable slats 7 each have four operating modes: fully closed mode, fully open mode, odd open mode and even open mode; when driving each horizontally controllable slat 6 and the vertically controllable slat 7 to move in step (4), each horizontally controllable slat 6 and the vertically controllable slat 7 is configured to select one of the four operating modes to perform.

[0076] Furthermore, the axes of the negative pressure through hole 4 of the adsorption panel 1, the negative pressure through hole 4 of the intermediate partition 2, and the bottom negative pressure hole 5 of the negative pressure cavity layer at the same location are coincident. A coordinate system of negative pressure through hole 4 is established so that the location of each negative pressure through hole 4 corresponds to a coordinate value M(x,y).

[0077] Combination Figure 11-12 In step (2), when the workpiece to be adsorbed is a round workpiece, the specific adsorption control method is as follows:

[0078] The contour information of the workpiece on the adsorption panel 1 is obtained by visual recognition, and the contour coordinates of the workpiece are determined on the coordinate system of the negative pressure through hole 4, thereby determining the coordinate set of the negative pressure through hole 4 corresponding to the area covered by the workpiece.

[0079] When determining the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range based on the coverage area of ​​the circular workpiece, the largest inscribed rectangle that can be completely covered by the circular workpiece is taken as the central rectangular area (e.g., Figure 11 In the figure, a is a circular workpiece and b is the central rectangular area. Extract the vertical row coordinate range and horizontal column coordinate range corresponding to the central rectangular area.

[0080] The horizontal controllable strips 6 and vertical controllable strips 7 corresponding to the central rectangular area are determined by the vertical row coordinate range and the horizontal column coordinate range. For each horizontal controllable strip 6 and each vertical controllable strip 7, the working mode is set to the fully open mode, so that all negative pressure through holes 4 in the central rectangular area are connected to the negative pressure cavity layer.

[0081] The area within the coverage of the circular workpiece and outside the central rectangular area is defined as the arc corner area. For each horizontal controllable strip 6 and each vertical controllable strip 7 corresponding to the arc corner area, the operation mode can only be selected between the odd-opening mode and the even-opening mode.

[0082] For the arc-shaped corner area, the working mode settings of each horizontally controllable strip 6 and each vertically controllable strip 7 are adopted by the following method.

[0083] Determine the target transverse controllable strip 6 and target longitudinal controllable strip 7 corresponding to each of the arc corner areas; calculate the number of negative pressure through holes 4 not covered by the workpiece caused by each target transverse controllable strip 6 and target longitudinal controllable strip 7 in odd-open or even-open modes, i.e., the number of air leaks; select the mode with fewer air leaks as the actual working mode of the transverse controllable strip 6 or longitudinal controllable strip 7 (e.g., Figure 11 In the odd-opening mode, two of the negative pressure through holes of the corresponding longitudinal controllable strip 7 that are not covered by the workpiece are in the ventilation state Y. Figure 12 In the evenly open mode, the negative pressure through hole of the corresponding longitudinal controllable strip 7 that is not covered by the workpiece is in the closed state N, so the evenly open mode is selected. If the amount of air leakage in the two modes is equal, then either mode can be selected arbitrarily.

[0084] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform, characterized in that, Includes an adsorption panel, a middle partition, a negative pressure chamber layer, and a regionally controllable negative pressure mechanism; The back of the adsorption panel is provided with multiple sliding grooves evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction, and each sliding groove is provided with multiple negative pressure through holes evenly distributed along the transverse direction. The intermediate partition is located between the adsorption panel and the negative pressure chamber layer. The back of the intermediate partition is provided with multiple sliding grooves that are evenly arranged in the transverse direction. Each sliding groove is provided with multiple negative pressure through holes that are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction. The negative pressure through holes of the intermediate partition correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes on the adsorption panel. The negative pressure cavity layer is provided with bottom negative pressure holes that correspond one-to-one with the negative pressure through holes of the middle partition plate; The regional controllable negative pressure mechanism includes a horizontal controllable negative pressure mechanism and a vertical controllable negative pressure mechanism. The horizontal controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple horizontally controllable strips and a horizontal driving mechanism for driving the horizontally controllable strips to move horizontally. The horizontally controllable strips are arranged in different sliding grooves of the adsorption panel. The horizontally controllable strips are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the intermediate partition. The vertical controllable negative pressure mechanism includes multiple vertically controllable strips and a vertical driving mechanism for driving the vertically controllable strips to move vertically. The vertically controllable strips are arranged in different sliding grooves of the intermediate partition. The vertically controllable strips are provided with multiple sets of controllable switch structures for connecting or disconnecting the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the intermediate partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes.

2. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of controllable switch structures on the horizontal and vertical controllable slats includes a controllable negative pressure hole and a controllable partition. The spacing between the controllable negative pressure holes of multiple sets of controllable switch structures is equal. Both the horizontal and vertical controllable slats have two operating modes: fully open and fully closed. In the fully open mode, all controllable negative pressure holes of the horizontal controllable slats are connected between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition, and all controllable negative pressure holes of the vertical controllable slats are connected between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole. In the fully closed mode, all controllable partitions of the horizontal controllable slats are separated between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition, and all controllable partitions of the vertical controllable slats are separated between the negative pressure through-holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole.

3. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of controllable switch structures on the transverse and longitudinal controllable slats includes two controllable negative pressure holes and two controllable partitions. The controllable negative pressure holes and controllable partitions of the same set of controllable switch structures are evenly arranged along the length direction of the corresponding sliding groove. Among them, the two controllable negative pressure holes of the odd-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the first and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions of the odd-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the second and third positions; the two controllable negative pressure holes of the even-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the second and fourth positions, and the two controllable partitions of the even-numbered controllable switch structures are arranged in the first and third positions.

4. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each transverse and longitudinal controllable slat has four operating modes: fully open, fully closed, odd open, and even open. In the fully open mode, all the controllable negative pressure holes located at the fourth position on the horizontal controllable plate are connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition. All the controllable negative pressure holes located at the fourth position on the vertical controllable plate are connected between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole. In the fully closed mode, all controllable partitions located in the third position on the horizontal controllable strip are separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition. All controllable partitions located in the third position on the vertical controllable strip are separated between the negative pressure through hole corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure hole. In the odd-opening mode, the first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes on the transverse controllable slats are all connected between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions on the transverse controllable slats are all separated between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the adsorption panel and the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition. The first of the odd-numbered controllable negative pressure holes on the longitudinal controllable slats are all connected between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes. The first of the even-numbered controllable partitions on the longitudinal controllable slats are all separated between the negative pressure through holes corresponding to the middle partition and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes. In the even-numbered opening mode, the second-position controllable partitions of the odd-numbered array on the transverse controllable slats are all separated between the corresponding negative pressure through holes and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes of the intermediate partition, and the second-position controllable negative pressure holes of the even-numbered array on the transverse controllable slats are all connected between the corresponding negative pressure through holes and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes of the intermediate partition; the second-position controllable partitions of the odd-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable slats are all separated between the corresponding negative pressure through holes and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes of the intermediate partition, and the second-position controllable negative pressure holes of the even-numbered array on the longitudinal controllable slats are all connected between the corresponding negative pressure through holes and the corresponding bottom negative pressure holes of the intermediate partition.

5. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the controllable negative pressure hole and the controllable partition are equipped with sealing rings.

6. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the lateral drive mechanism and the longitudinal drive mechanism include a motor mounting plate and multiple electric push rods; the placement direction of the motor mounting plate of the lateral drive mechanism is perpendicular to the placement direction of the motor mounting plate of the longitudinal drive mechanism; the multiple electric push rods are arranged on the corresponding motor mounting plates along the length direction of the corresponding motor mounting plates; the telescopic rods of the electric push rods are fixedly connected to the corresponding lateral controllable plate strips and longitudinal controllable plate strips respectively.

7. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure cavity layer includes a negative pressure top plate, a negative pressure frame, and a negative pressure bottom plate, and the gap between the negative pressure top plate, the negative pressure frame, and the negative pressure bottom plate constitutes the negative pressure cavity.

8. A regionally controlled negative pressure adsorption method applied to the regionally controlled negative pressure adsorption platform according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Place the workpiece to be adsorbed on the upper surface of the adsorption panel so that the workpiece covers part of the negative pressure through hole on the adsorption panel; (2) Obtain image information of the workpiece through visual recognition, and determine the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range corresponding to the coverage position of the workpiece on the adsorption panel; wherein, the longitudinal row coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove on the back of the adsorption panel, and the transverse column coordinate corresponds to the arrangement number of each sliding groove on the back of the middle partition. (3) Select the target horizontal controllable slab to be opened from multiple horizontal controllable slabs according to the range of the vertical row coordinates; select the target vertical controllable slab to be opened from multiple vertical controllable slabs according to the range of the horizontal column coordinates; (4) Drive each of the transverse controllable plates in the sliding groove on the back of the adsorption panel by the transverse driving mechanism to move transversely, so that the controllable switch structure on the target transverse controllable plate is in the connected state and the controllable switch structure on the other transverse controllable plates is in the disconnected state; at the same time, drive each of the longitudinal controllable plates in the sliding groove on the back of the middle partition by the longitudinal driving mechanism to move longitudinally, so that the controllable switch structure on the target longitudinal controllable plate is in the connected state and the controllable switch structure on the other longitudinal controllable plates is in the disconnected state. (5) Start the external negative pressure source to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber layer. The negative pressure is transmitted to the corresponding negative pressure through hole on the adsorption panel through the controllable switch structure in the open state, and the workpiece is adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the adsorption panel.

9. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the transverse and longitudinal controllable slats have four operating modes: fully closed mode, fully open mode, odd open mode, and even open mode. In step (4), when each transverse and longitudinal controllable slat is driven to move, each transverse and longitudinal controllable slat is configured to select one of the four operating modes to perform.

10. The regionally controllable negative pressure adsorption method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The axes of the negative pressure through holes of the adsorption panel, the negative pressure through holes of the middle partition, and the bottom negative pressure holes of the negative pressure cavity layer at the same location are coincident. A negative pressure through hole coordinate system is established so that the location of each negative pressure through hole corresponds to a coordinate value M(x,y). In step (2), when the workpiece to be adsorbed is a round workpiece, the specific adsorption control method is as follows: The contour information of the workpiece on the adsorption panel is obtained by visual recognition, and the contour coordinates of the workpiece are determined on the negative pressure through hole coordinate system, thereby determining the negative pressure through hole coordinate set corresponding to the area covered by the workpiece. When determining the longitudinal row coordinate range and the transverse column coordinate range based on the coverage area of ​​the circular workpiece, the largest inscribed rectangle that can be completely covered inside the circular workpiece is taken as the central rectangular area, and the longitudinal row coordinate range and transverse column coordinate range corresponding to the central rectangular area are extracted. The controllable horizontal and vertical strips corresponding to the central rectangular area are determined by the vertical row coordinate range and the horizontal column coordinate range. For each controllable horizontal and vertical strip, the working mode is set to the fully open mode, so that all negative pressure through holes in the central rectangular area are connected to the negative pressure cavity layer. The area within the coverage of the circular workpiece and outside the central rectangular area is defined as the arc corner area. For each horizontal controllable strip and each vertical controllable strip corresponding to the arc corner area, the operation mode can only be selected between the odd-opening mode and the even-opening mode. For the aforementioned arc-shaped corner area, the working mode settings for each horizontally controllable strip and each vertically controllable strip are adopted using the following method: Determine the target transverse controllable strip and target longitudinal controllable strip corresponding to each of the arc corner areas; calculate the number of negative pressure through holes not covered by the workpiece caused by each target transverse controllable strip and target longitudinal controllable strip in odd-opening mode or even-opening mode, i.e., the number of air leaks; select the mode with fewer air leaks as the actual working mode of the transverse controllable strip or longitudinal controllable strip; if the number of air leaks in the two modes is equal, then arbitrarily select one of the modes.

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