A compressor crankshaft phasing device and phasing process

Abstract

The application provides a compressor crankshaft adjusting device and an adjusting process, and relates to the technical field of compressor manufacturing. The application provides a compressor crankshaft adjusting device and an adjusting process, and relates to the technical field of compressor manufacturing. The center axis of the upper support fixing mechanism, the axis of the crankshaft lower punch and the movement axis of the upper punch are coincidentally arranged on the same vertical axis. The adjusting process makes the upper support enter the chuck area and clamp through the lowering of the lifting platform, and forcibly restricts the center hole at the bottom end of the crankshaft and the oil hole at the upper end by using the upper and lower punches, so that the crankshaft axis is coaxial with the fixed upper support axis, and then the radial displacement of the lower support is guided to be self-adaptive and the bolt is locked. The application forcibly determines the position of the crankshaft by using the axis precision of the device itself, greatly reduces the dependence on the machining precision of the compressor shell, and has the advantages of simple device structure, strong universality, low manufacturing cost and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a compressor crankshaft adjusting device and adjusting process. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of compressor manufacturing technology, the precision requirements of assembly processes are becoming increasingly stringent, especially the coaxiality adjustment of the upper and lower support bearings, which is a crucial step in ensuring stable compressor performance and service life. Currently, the methods used in the industry to achieve coaxiality adjustment of the upper and lower support bearings mainly fall into the following two categories:

[0003] Direct positioning method for high-precision equipment: This method uses complex high-precision equipment, with upper and lower chucks clamping the outer circles of the upper and lower supports respectively, to directly determine the axial position after the compressor is installed. However, such equipment usually has heavy supports, complex mechanisms, high cost, and a long implementation cycle, and is highly susceptible to the influence of process factors such as welding and fixing.

[0004] The interference fit alignment method for the compressor housing: This method involves high-precision machining of the compressor housing to ensure the coaxiality of the mounting inner diameter. After pressing in the upper and lower supports, the coaxiality requirement is met by relying on the interference fit between them and the inner diameter of the housing. This method is highly dependent on the machining accuracy of the components themselves, which leads to a significant increase in the manufacturing cost of compressor components.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies suffer from several drawbacks, including complex structures, limited functionality, high costs, and excessively high precision requirements for compressor components, leading to increased costs. Therefore, developing a compressor crankshaft adjusting device and process that is simple in structure, highly accurate in positioning, compatible with different compressor models, and effectively reduces the manufacturing precision requirements of components has become a pressing technical challenge for the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a compressor crankshaft alignment device and alignment process. The invention uses coaxially arranged upper and lower pins to forcibly constrain the crankshaft axis, making it coaxial with the fixed upper support, thereby guiding the lower support to adaptively displace and achieve coaxiality adjustment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a compressor crankshaft alignment device, comprising: a frame, a compressor lifting mechanism, an upper support fixing mechanism, a lower crankshaft ejector pin, and an upper crankshaft ejector pin mechanism; The compressor lifting mechanism is fixed to the frame by a slider and, driven by a cylinder, carries the compressor to move up and down along the frame to switch work positions. The upper support fixing mechanism is assembled on the frame and is used to determine the axial position of the upper support bearing by clamping the outer circle of the upper support of the compressor. The crankshaft lower ejector pin is fixed to the frame and is used to position the center hole at the bottom of the crankshaft. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism is mounted on the frame and located above the upper support fixing mechanism, and can move up and down along the frame under the action of the drive mechanism. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism includes an upper ejector for inserting into and fixing the upper oil hole of the crankshaft. The central axis of the upper support fixing mechanism, the axis of the lower crankshaft ejector pin, and the motion axis of the upper ejector pin are all arranged on the same vertical axis.

[0008] Furthermore, the compressor lifting mechanism includes a guide shaft and a lifting platform; the lifting platform is slidably connected to the frame via a slider, and drives the compressor placed on it to descend under the drive of the cylinder, so that the upper support enters the clamping area of ​​the upper support fixing mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper support fixing mechanism includes a pneumatic chuck; the pneumatic chuck is provided with grippers for radially clamping the upper support.

[0010] Furthermore, the crankshaft upper ejector mechanism is fixed to the frame by a guide post; the crankshaft upper ejector mechanism also includes a motion cylinder and a housing end face positioning plate; the motion cylinder drives the housing end face positioning plate and the upper ejector to descend synchronously, so that the housing end face positioning plate presses against the housing end face of the compressor.

[0011] The present invention also provides a core-aligning process based on the above-mentioned compressor crankshaft core-aligning equipment, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the compressor on the compressor lifting mechanism using a hoist, and lower the lifting platform by actuating the cylinder until the upper support of the compressor enters the upper support fixing mechanism. S2. The upper support fixing mechanism clamps the upper support, and at the same time, the crankshaft lower pin contacts the crankshaft and positions the center hole of the crankshaft. S3. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism is activated, causing the upper ejector to descend and press against the oil hole of the crankshaft. Through the forced constraint of the upper and lower ejectors on the crankshaft, the crankshaft axis is made coaxial with the axis of the upper support bearing. S4. The lower support adapts to radial displacement as the crankshaft moves, and then the bolts of the lower support are tightened to complete the alignment.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, while the upper ejector pin is inserted into the oil hole, the housing end face positioning plate descends with the moving cylinder and presses against the housing end face of the compressor.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower support cooperates with the crankshaft, and the lower support is guided by the predetermined axis of the crankshaft to make radial position fine adjustments, thereby determining the coaxiality of the upper and lower support bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the process forcibly determines the crankshaft position through the axial accuracy of the equipment itself, eliminating the need for high-precision interference fit machining of the compressor housing inner diameter.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The present invention provides a compressor crankshaft alignment device, which achieves high-precision radial constraint through the lower and upper crankshaft ejector pins coaxially arranged on the frame, replacing the bulky and expensive double chuck high-precision positioning frame in the traditional process. The device is mainly driven by conventional pneumatic components, which not only reduces the manufacturing and procurement costs of the whole machine, but also greatly reduces the difficulty of later maintenance and the production implementation cycle due to its simple mechanism.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides a compressor crankshaft alignment device. This technical solution has strong compatibility with compressor models and can be applied to both magnetic and non-magnetic compressors. It effectively solves the problem of the single function of previous alignment devices. By aligning the central axis of the upper support fixing mechanism with the movement axis of the upper and lower crankshaft pins, a unified vertical reference axis can be established at the moment of assembly, ensuring the coaxiality accuracy of the upper and lower support bearings during the adjustment process.

[0017] 3. The compressor crankshaft alignment device provided by this invention utilizes the inherent axial accuracy of the device to forcibly determine the crankshaft position and guides the lower support to adaptively perform radial displacement, thereby determining coaxiality in reverse. This means that during the production process, there is no need to perform high-precision interference fit machining on the inner diameter of the compressor housing, thus relaxing the dimensional tolerance requirements of key components such as the housing, and reducing the processing difficulty and manufacturing cost of the entire machine's components from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a compressor crankshaft alignment device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application process of a compressor crankshaft alignment device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the core-aligning process of a compressor crankshaft core-aligning device according to the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Compressor lifting mechanism; 3. Upper support fixing mechanism; 4. Lower crankshaft ejector pin; 5. Upper crankshaft ejector pin mechanism; 6. Guide shaft; 7. Lifting platform; 8. Pneumatic chuck; 9. Housing end face positioning plate; 10. Upper ejector pin; 11. Compressor; 12. Crankshaft; 13. Upper support; 14. Lower support. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a compressor crankshaft alignment device, comprising: a frame 1, a compressor lifting mechanism 2, an upper support fixing mechanism 3, a lower crankshaft ejector pin 4, and an upper crankshaft ejector pin mechanism 5; Specifically, the compressor lifting mechanism 2 is used to support and lift the compressor 11. This mechanism is slidably connected to the guide rail of the frame 1 via a slider, and driven by a cylinder, it can support the compressor 11 to move precisely up and down along the frame 1 to achieve the switching of work positions.

[0029] The upper support fixing mechanism 3 is fixedly assembled in the middle of the frame 1. The core component of this mechanism is the pneumatic chuck 8, whose jaws move radially to clamp the outer circle of the upper support 13 of the compressor, thereby accurately determining the axial position of the upper support bearing.

[0030] The crankshaft lower ejector pin 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame 1 with its tip pointing upward. It is used to position and push into the center hole at the bottom of the crankshaft 12 when the equipment is working, providing the lower rotational support and positioning reference for the crankshaft 12.

[0031] The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism 5 is mounted on the top of the frame 1 and is located directly above the upper support fixing mechanism 3. This mechanism is slidably connected to the frame 1 via guide posts and can move up and down along the frame 1 under the action of the drive mechanism. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism 5 includes a housing end face positioning plate 9 and an upper ejector 10, which is located at the center of the housing end face positioning plate 9 and extends downward.

[0032] As a key design feature of this invention, in order to ensure the accuracy of coaxiality adjustment, the central axis of the upper support fixing mechanism 3 (i.e., the pneumatic chuck 8), the axis of the crankshaft lower ejector pin 4, and the motion axis of the upper ejector pin 10 are all designed to coincide and set on the same vertical axis.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the compressor lifting mechanism 2 specifically includes a guide shaft 6 and a lifting platform 7. The lifting platform 7, as the component that directly supports the compressor 11, is slidably connected to the frame 1 via a slider at its rear. Driven by a cylinder, the lifting platform 7 lowers the compressor 11 placed on it, and the final position of its descent ensures that the upper support 13 of the compressor 11 enters precisely the clamping area of ​​the upper support fixing mechanism 3.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the movement of the crankshaft upper ejector mechanism 5 is controlled by a motion cylinder. When the motion cylinder drives the housing end face positioning plate 9 to descend, on the one hand, the housing end face positioning plate 9 presses against the housing end face of the compressor 11 to achieve axial positioning of the compressor housing; at the same time, the upper ejector 10 descends synchronously, and its tip precisely inserts into the oil hole at the upper end of the crankshaft 12 to achieve final locking of the crankshaft 12.

[0035] Based on the above tooling structure, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a crankshaft alignment process based on the above-mentioned compressor crankshaft alignment equipment. This process achieves the coaxiality adjustment of the upper and lower support bearings of the compressor through the following steps: S1. Place the compressor 11 to be assembled smoothly onto the lifting platform 7 of the compressor lifting mechanism 2 using a hoist. Start the cylinder to drive the lifting platform 7 to descend until the upper support 13 of the compressor 11 is fully inserted into the upper support fixing mechanism 3 (i.e., the pneumatic chuck 8).

[0036] S2. The pneumatic chuck 8 actuates, its jaws retract radially, clamping the outer circle of the upper support 13, thereby fixing the position of the upper support bearing. At the same time, the crankshaft lower ejector pin 4, fixed to the bottom of the frame 1, contacts and presses against the bottom center hole of the crankshaft 12, completing the initial positioning of the lower end of the crankshaft 12.

[0037] S3. Activate the cylinder of the crankshaft upper ejector mechanism 5, causing the upper ejector 10 and the housing end face positioning plate 9 to descend synchronously. First, the housing end face positioning plate 9 presses against the housing end face of the compressor 11; then, the upper ejector 10 pushes into the oil hole at the upper end of the crankshaft 12. Through the simultaneous forced constraint of the upper ejector 10 and lower ejector 4 on both ends of the crankshaft 12, the axis of the crankshaft 12 is forced to coincide with the vertical axis set by the equipment. Since the equipment itself ensures that this axis is coaxial with the central axis of the upper support fixing mechanism 3, in this step, the crankshaft axis and the axis of the upper support bearing are forcibly adjusted to be coaxial.

[0038] S4. Before being locked, the lower support 14 is fitted onto the crankshaft 12 and can move relative to it. As the crankshaft 12 is precisely positioned, the lower support 14 automatically adapts to radial displacement under the guidance of the crankshaft 12, aligning its bearing bore with the crankshaft axis. Subsequently, the operator tightens the bolts of the lower support 14, completing the fixation of the lower support 14. At this point, the coaxiality of the upper and lower support bearings is indirectly determined by the axis guidance of the crankshaft 12, and the alignment is completed.

[0039] Furthermore, in step S3, the housing end face positioning plate 9 descends with the moving cylinder and presses against the housing end face of the compressor 11. This action not only ensures the stability of the compressor housing during the core adjustment process, but also prevents housing displacement that may occur when the upper ejector pin 10 is inserted, thus improving the positioning accuracy.

[0040] Through the above process, the lower support 14 engages with the pre-positioned crankshaft 12, using the crankshaft 12 as a reference to guide the lower support 14 in radial position fine-tuning. Since the axis of the crankshaft 12 has been forced to be coaxial with the axis of the upper support bearing by the equipment, the final position of the lower support 14 ensures its coaxiality with the upper support bearing.

[0041] The core of this invention lies in the fact that the process relies entirely on the mechanical precision of the equipment itself and simple operational logic to forcibly determine the position of the crankshaft 12, thereby indirectly ensuring the coaxiality of the upper and lower supports. This completely eliminates the dependence on complex, high-precision equipment in traditional processes, and also eliminates the need for high-precision interference fit machining of the compressor housing inner diameter, significantly reducing equipment costs and component manufacturing costs.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressor crankshaft alignment device, characterized in that, include: The frame (1), compressor lifting mechanism (2), upper support fixing mechanism (3), crankshaft lower ejector pin (4) and crankshaft upper ejector pin mechanism (5); The compressor lifting mechanism (2) is fixed on the frame (1) by a slider and carries the compressor (11) to move up and down along the frame (1) under the drive of the cylinder to switch work positions; The upper support fixing mechanism (3) is assembled on the frame (1) and is used to determine the axial position of the upper support bearing by clamping the outer circle of the upper support (13) of the compressor. The crankshaft lower ejector pin (4) is fixed on the frame (1) and is used to position the center hole at the bottom of the crankshaft (12); The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism (5) is installed on the frame (1) and located above the upper support fixing mechanism (3), and can move up and down along the frame (1) under the action of the drive mechanism. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism (5) includes an upper ejector (10) for inserting into and fixing the upper oil hole of the crankshaft (12). The central axis of the upper support fixing mechanism (3), the axis of the lower crankshaft ejector (4) and the motion axis of the upper ejector (10) are all arranged on the same vertical axis. The compressor lifting mechanism (2) includes a guide shaft (6) and a lifting platform (7); the lifting platform (7) is slidably connected to the frame (1) through a slider, and drives the compressor (11) placed on it to descend under the drive of the cylinder, so that the upper support (13) enters the clamping area of ​​the upper support fixing mechanism (3); The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism (5) is fixed on the frame (1) by a guide post; the crankshaft upper ejector mechanism (5) also includes a motion cylinder and a housing end face positioning plate (9); the motion cylinder drives the housing end face positioning plate (9) and the upper ejector (10) to descend synchronously, so that the housing end face positioning plate (9) presses against the housing end face of the compressor (11).

2. The compressor crankshaft alignment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper support fixing mechanism (3) includes a pneumatic chuck (8); the pneumatic chuck (8) is provided with grippers for radially clamping the upper support (13).

3. A crankshaft alignment process based on the compressor crankshaft alignment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the compressor (11) on the compressor lifting mechanism (2) using a hoist, and lower the lifting platform (7) by the action of the cylinder until the upper support (13) of the compressor enters the upper support fixing mechanism (3); S2, the upper support fixing mechanism (3) clamps the upper support (13) and at the same time the crankshaft lower pin (4) contacts the crankshaft (12) and positions the center hole of the crankshaft (12); S3. The crankshaft upper ejector mechanism (5) operates, driving the upper ejector (10) to descend and press against the oil hole of the crankshaft (12). Through the forced constraint of the upper and lower ejectors on the crankshaft (12), the crankshaft axis is made coaxial with the axis of the upper support bearing. S4. The lower support (14) adapts to radial displacement as the crankshaft (12) moves, and then the bolts of the lower support (14) are tightened to complete the alignment.

4. The core-aligning process of a compressor crankshaft core-aligning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower support (14) cooperates with the crankshaft (12). The lower support (14) is guided by the determined axis of the crankshaft (12) to make radial position fine adjustments, thereby determining the coaxiality of the upper and lower support bearings.

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