A method and device for recycling waste photovoltaic panels

Abstract

The application relates to the field of photovoltaic panel recycling equipment, in particular to a waste photovoltaic panel recycling method and recycling equipment. The recycling equipment comprises a conveying module, the conveying module is used for transporting materials, a mounting frame is arranged on one side of the conveying module, the mounting frame is provided with a material placing table for placing materials, two first transmission members are symmetrically arranged on the mounting frame, the first transmission members are provided with connecting blocks, the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with first electric push rods, the first electric push rods are fixedly connected with mounting blocks at the telescopic ends, two electric wheels are symmetrically arranged and are rotationally connected to the corresponding mounting blocks, and the two electric wheels are jointly provided with a cutting wire. The application can accurately cut the adhesive interface between the glass and the battery piece through the cutting wire, separate the upper and lower glass in the form of a complete panel, and directly obtain the whole glass plate which can be reused, so that the recycling value is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic panel recycling equipment, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for recycling waste photovoltaic panels. Background Technology

[0002] Double-glass photovoltaic (PV) panels refer to PV modules where both the front and back panels are made of glass. They typically consist of a front glass panel, a back glass panel, and an array of solar cells bonded between them using an encapsulating film. However, discarded double-glass PV panels contain various materials such as glass, solar cells, aluminum frames, silver, copper, and encapsulating films. Simple landfilling or inefficient disposal will result in severe resource waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, their harmless dismantling and resource recycling have become urgent industry challenges. Especially for double-glass PV panels, glass typically accounts for over 70% of the mass. Achieving complete recycling and direct reuse of high-quality flat glass would generate significant economic value and substantial environmental benefits.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream technical approach in photovoltaic module recycling is mechanical crushing followed by physical sorting. The conventional process involves first removing the aluminum alloy frame and junction box, then crushing the glass on the photovoltaic panel into small pieces or particles to separate it from the solar cells and encapsulating film. The remaining material, including the solar cells, undergoes further crushing. Glass fragments, metal powder, and silicon powder are then separated and recycled using methods such as sieving, air separation, and electrostatic separation. While this method is easily scalable, its major problem is the complete destruction of the originally intact tempered glass, reducing it to low-quality glass shards. These shards can only be used as primary raw materials in glass production or as fillers in low-end building materials, failing to achieve the high-value direct reuse of intact glass panels, resulting in a significant waste of high-quality glass resources. Furthermore, the forced crushing process is accompanied by high energy consumption, severe glass dust pollution, and loss of silicon materials due to excessive crushing. The entire process contradicts the green circular economy concept of fine separation and tiered utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a method and equipment for recycling waste photovoltaic panels.

[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a waste photovoltaic panel recycling device, comprising: A conveying module, which is used to transport materials; The mounting frame is located on one side of the conveying module. The mounting frame is provided with a platform for placing materials. The platform is provided with a number of evenly distributed air holes for fixing the materials. The first transmission component has two symmetrically distributed components, both of which are disposed on the mounting frame. The first transmission component is provided with a connecting block. The first transmission component is used to change the position of the corresponding connecting block. The connecting block is fixedly connected to a first electric push rod. The telescopic end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected to a mounting block. Two electric wheels are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting blocks. The two symmetrically distributed electric wheels are wound together with a cutting wire. A transport assembly is disposed on the mounting frame and is used to transport materials.

[0006] Furthermore, the transport component includes: A second transmission component is disposed on the mounting frame. The second transmission component is provided with a mounting plate. The second transmission component is used to change the position of the mounting plate. A second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second electric push rod; The suction cups are evenly distributed in several portions, all located on the side of the connecting plate away from the second electric push rod.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes: The number of connecting balls is the same as the number of suction cups, and they are all rotatably connected to the connecting plate. A fixed shell is fixed to the side of the connecting ball away from the second electric push rod. The number of piston rods is the same as the number of suction cups, and they are slidably connected to the corresponding fixed shells. A return spring is provided between the piston rod and the corresponding fixed shell. The piston rod is provided with circumferentially evenly distributed flow-limiting holes. A connecting tube is fixedly connected to the side of the piston rod away from the connecting ball. The connecting tube is fixedly connected to and communicates with the corresponding suction cup.

[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the flow-limiting orifice decreases as the distance between it and the corresponding connecting ball decreases.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: Two electric shafts are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting blocks. Each electric shaft is fixedly connected to an elastic telescopic rod. Each mounting block is fixedly connected to a limit plate. The limit plate is provided with a limit groove. The telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a limit post that moves within the limit groove of the corresponding limit plate. Two wedge-shaped blocks are symmetrically distributed and fixed to the telescopic parts of the corresponding elastic telescopic rods. The wedge-shaped blocks are used to clean up materials.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: The movable blocks consist of two symmetrically distributed blocks, each slidingly connected to its corresponding wedge-shaped block. The drive block has two symmetrically distributed parts, which are respectively fixed to the corresponding moving block. The telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod is provided with a drive module, which is used to change the position of the corresponding drive block.

[0011] Furthermore, the maximum distance between the two opposing sides of the two movable blocks is A, the width of the platform is B, the width of the movable block is C, and 2C>A≥B.

[0012] A method for recycling waste photovoltaic panels, and a waste photovoltaic panel recycling device based on the above technical solution, includes the following steps: S1: The material with the frame removed by the frame remover and the EVA film softened by the heating conveyor is conveyed to the platform through the conveying module, so that the material covers and blocks some of the air holes on the platform. The external air extraction device is activated to draw the air holes into negative pressure and fix the material on the platform. S2: Activate the second electric push rod to drive the suction cup down to the position where the suction cup presses against the material and produces elastic deformation, and remove the gas in the suction cup to make it firmly adsorb the material. S3: Start the first electric push rod, which drives the cutting wire to rise through the mounting block until the cutting wire is aligned with the material and then stops. S4: Start the electric wheel to drive the cutting wire to rotate, and at the same time start the first transmission component, which drives the rotating cutting wire to move through the connecting block, gradually cutting the material. After completion, turn off the first transmission component and the electric wheel. S5: Activate the second electric push rod and the second transmission component to move the separated material to the top of the conveying module. Then place the separated material on the conveying module, inject air into the suction cup to separate it from the material, and the conveying module will send the material out. The suction cup will then reset. S6: Start the electric shaft, which drives the elastic telescopic rod and the wedge block on it to rotate from vertical to horizontal, so that the wedge block is below the material. Adjust the height of the cutting wire, start the drive module, and use the drive block to bring the two moving blocks closer to each other and make them contact each other. S7: Start the electric wheel and the first transmission component to move the rotating cutting wire forward, gradually cutting the material. The wedge block and the moving block lift the cut material together, causing it to tilt upward to prevent secondary adhesion. After complete separation, the first transmission component and the electric wheel are turned off. S8: Remove the separated material and use the same method as steps S2 and S5 to use a suction cup to adsorb the remaining material, lift and transfer it to the conveying module. All mechanisms are reset to their initial state to complete the processing of a single material. S9: Process the remaining materials one by one according to the above steps.

[0013] A method for recycling waste photovoltaic panels also includes: In step S2, the second electric push rod is controlled to move the connecting plate and the fixed shell upward to the preset height. The return spring inside the fixed shell applies an upward pulling force to the material through the piston rod and suction cup. During this process, the material is adsorbed by the negative pressure of the air hole. The piston rod moves downward relative to the fixed shell and compresses the return spring. The damping oil flows through the flow restriction hole to provide resistance.

[0014] A method for recycling waste photovoltaic panels also includes: In step S4, during the cutting process, the separated material is lifted upwards by the force of the return spring. The suction cup and the fixed shell drive the connecting ball to rotate adaptively to maintain contact and reduce the possibility of material breakage. The cutting front gradually moves until the material is completely separated.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages: The present invention uses a cutting wire to precisely cut the bonding interface between the glass and the battery cell, separating the upper and lower glass layers into a complete sheet, thereby directly obtaining a whole glass sheet that can be reused, which greatly improves the recycling value.

[0016] By using a reset spring inside the fixed shell, an upward pre-tension force is continuously applied to the glass before cutting. When the cut part of the glass loses the constraint of the adhesive film, it can automatically tilt upward under the action of the spring force. With the cutting front edge as the fulcrum, the spring torque actively tears open the adhesive film interface, changing the method of relying entirely on the cutting wire for hard cutting and improving the overall separation speed. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting frame and shelf of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the platform and air vent of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting block and the first electric push rod of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting block and electric wheel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second transmission component and mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting plate and connecting ball of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed shell and piston rod of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the connecting plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fixing shell of the present invention; Figure 11This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the piston rod of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the wedge block of the present invention; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the wedge block and the movable block of the present invention.

[0018] In the attached diagrams: 1: Conveying module, 2: Mounting frame, 3: Display platform, 4: Air vent, 5: First transmission component, 6: Connecting block, 7: First electric push rod, 8: Mounting block, 9: Electric wheel, 10: Cutting wire, 11: Second transmission component, 12: Mounting plate, 13: Second electric push rod, 14: Connecting plate, 15: Suction cup, 16: Connecting ball, 17: Fixed shell, 18: Piston rod, 19: Flow limiting hole, 20: Connecting pipe, 21: Electric shaft, 22: Elastic telescopic rod, 23: Limiting plate, 24: Wedge block, 25: Moving block, 26: Drive block, 27: Drive module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes: a conveying module 1 for transporting materials; a mounting frame 2, located on one side of the conveying module 1, with a platform 3 for placing materials on the mounting frame 2, and several evenly distributed air holes 4 on the platform 3 for fixing materials; two symmetrically distributed first transmission components 5, both located on the mounting frame 2, each with a connecting block 6, used to change the position of the corresponding connecting block 6, with a first electric push rod 7 fixedly connected to the connecting block 6, and a mounting block 8 fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first electric push rod 7; two symmetrically distributed electric wheels 9, each rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting block 8, with a cutting wire 10 wound around the two symmetrically distributed electric wheels 9; and a transport assembly located on the mounting frame 2 for transporting materials.

[0022] In the above scheme, the conveying module 1 is an existing device, shown in the figure only as an example. It consists of a first transport section at the front and a second transport section at the right. The first transport section is used to transport the double-glass photovoltaic panel, and the second transport section is used to transport the removed glass. The specific number of air holes 4 is selected by the staff according to the actual working conditions and is not specified in detail here. All air holes 4 are connected to the existing air extraction device to generate negative pressure, thereby adsorbing and fixing the photovoltaic panel on the platform 3. The first transmission component 5 is an existing device. The figure shows an electric slide rail and its cooperating electric slider as an example. The connecting block 6 is fixed to the corresponding electric slider so that the first transmission component 5 can drive the connecting block 6 to move back and forth. Initially, the connecting block 6 is located in front of the corresponding first transmission component 5. The cutting wire 10 is used to separate the glass and the battery cells of the double-glass photovoltaic panel. To improve the overall separation efficiency, the surface of the cutting wire 10 can be set to a rough surface.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 6-8 As shown, the transport assembly includes: a second transmission component 11, which is disposed on the mounting frame 2, and a mounting plate 12 is disposed on the second transmission component 11. The second transmission component 11 is used to change the position of the mounting plate 12, and a second electric push rod 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 12; a connecting plate 14, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second electric push rod 13; and a suction cup 15, which has several evenly distributed suction cups, all of which are disposed on the side of the connecting plate 14 away from the second electric push rod 13.

[0024] In the above scheme, the second transmission component 11 is an existing device. The figure shows an electric slide rail and an electric slider as examples. The mounting plate 12 is fixed to the electric slider. Initially, the mounting plate 12 is located directly above the platform 3. To ensure the stability of the connecting plate 14 under force, the second electric push rods 13 should be symmetrically distributed on the mounting plate 12. The figure shows two symmetrically distributed second electric push rods 13 as examples. In this embodiment, the suction cup 15 is fixed to the connecting plate 14. The specific number of suction cups 15 is selected by the staff. The figure and text both use six evenly distributed as an example. In this embodiment, the suction cups 15 are directly connected to the external air extraction device. All the suction cups 15 work together to adsorb and fix the upper glass of the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: The current process for recycling double-glass waste photovoltaic panels includes the following three stages: 1. Pre-treatment stage (the photovoltaic panel undergoes frame removal by a frame remover → EVA film softening via a heated conveyor → glass removal by a glass remover); 2. Crushing stage (initial crushing by a dual-shaft shredder → further crushing by a blade crusher → final grinding by a mill); 3. Sorting stage (grading by a circular vibrating screen → separation by density by an air classifier → separation by charge by an electrostatic separator). This equipment, as a glass remover, is used to perform the glass removal operation in the pre-treatment stage of recycling double-glass waste photovoltaic panels. Its specific workflow is as follows: When this device is needed to separate the glass on a double-glass photovoltaic panel, the first transport unit of the transport module 1 transports the photovoltaic panel, which has had its frame removed by the frame remover and has been heated by the heating conveyor, to the placement platform 3 (at this time, the glass on the underside of the photovoltaic panel covers and seals part of the air holes 4). Then, the staff starts the external air extraction device to extract the gas from the air holes 4, thereby creating a negative pressure working environment in the air holes 4 that are sealed by the photovoltaic panel, and fixing the photovoltaic panel on the placement platform 3.

[0026] After the photovoltaic panel is fixed, the staff activates the second electric push rod 13. The telescopic end of the second electric push rod 13 drives the connecting plate 14 to move downward. The connecting plate 14 drives all the suction cups 15 to move downward synchronously. When the suction cups 15 move downward to contact the glass on the upper side of the photovoltaic panel, the suction cups 15 are deformed under pressure as the connecting plate 14 continues to move downward. When the connecting plate 14 moves downward to its limit position, the staff stops the second electric push rod 13 and activates the external air extraction device to extract the gas inside the suction cups 15, creating a negative pressure inside, thereby firmly adsorbing all the suction cups 15 onto the upper side of the photovoltaic panel. Then, the staff simultaneously activates the two first electric push rods 7. The telescopic ends of the first electric push rods 7 drive the corresponding mounting blocks 8 to move upward. The mounting blocks 8 drive the corresponding electric wheels 9 to move upward. The two electric wheels 9 together drive the cutting wire 10 to move upward.

[0027] When the cutting wire 10 moves upward to be level with the junction of the upper glass and the solar cell on the photovoltaic panel, the operator shuts off the two first electric push rods 7 and simultaneously starts the two electric wheels 9. The two electric wheels 9 together drive the cutting wire 10 to rotate. Then the operator starts the two first transmission components 5, which respectively drive the corresponding connecting blocks 6 to move backward, thereby driving the cutting wire 10 to move backward. During the movement, the cutting wire 10 gradually comes into contact with the photovoltaic panel and cuts the photovoltaic panel during the subsequent movement, so that the upper glass and the solar cell on the photovoltaic panel are completely separated.

[0028] When the cutting wire 10 moves backward and loses contact with the photovoltaic panel, the separation of the upper glass from the solar cell is completed (at this point, the upper glass is cut off completely and without damage, without any breakage, and can be directly recycled as a whole piece of glass, achieving complete recycling of the glass). The staff shuts down the two first transmission components 5 and the two electric wheels 9, and simultaneously starts the two second electric push rods 13. The two second electric push rods 13 jointly drive all the suction cups 15 to move upward, and at the same time control the second transmission component 11 to drive the mounting plate 12 to move to the right, thereby causing the separated glass (i.e., the upper glass) to move upward and to the right at the same time.

[0029] When the separated upper glass is moved above the second transport section of the conveying module 1, the operator shuts off the second transmission component 11 and controls the two second electric push rods 13 to drive the separated glass downward. After the separated glass falls onto the second transport section of the conveying module 1, the operator shuts off the two second electric push rods 13 and injects gas into all suction cups 15 through an external air extraction device to separate the suction cups 15 from the separated glass.

[0030] After the suction cup 15 separates from the separated glass, the operator controls the conveying module 1 to transport the separated glass to the next process, and at the same time controls the suction cup 15 to return to the initial position for subsequent use.

[0031] During the process of transporting the separated glass to the right, the staff moves the cutting wire 10 downwards to a position aligned with the solar cell and the lower glass, as described above. Then, the staff restarts the two electric wheels 9 and the two first transmission components 5. The two first transmission components 5 jointly drive the rotating cutting wire 10 forward, thereby cutting the lower glass and solar cell, separating them, and obtaining a complete and undamaged lower glass. After the cutting is completed, the staff returns the cutting wire 10 to its initial position, removes the separated solar cell, and sends it to the next process. Then, all the suction cups 15 are controlled to move the lower glass to the right side of the conveying module 1 (the specific process is as described above). At this point, both sides of the glass are completely separated and recycled. The whole process avoids traditional crushing, greatly improving the quality and utilization value of the recycled glass. At the same time, the glass removal process of the double-glass photovoltaic panel is completed. Then, the staff performs the glass removal operation on the remaining double-glass photovoltaic panels according to the above process.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 8-11As shown, it also includes: connecting balls 16, the same number as the suction cups 15, all of which are rotatably connected to the connecting plate 14, and a fixed shell 17 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting balls 16 away from the second electric push rod 13; piston rods 18, the same number as the suction cups 15, are slidably connected to the corresponding fixed shells 17, a return spring is provided between the piston rods 18 and the corresponding fixed shells 17, and circumferentially evenly distributed flow-limiting holes 19 are provided on the piston rods 18, and a connecting pipe 20 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston rods 18 away from the connecting balls 16, and the connecting pipe 20 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the corresponding suction cup 15.

[0034] In the above scheme, the connecting ball 16 can rotate freely on the connecting plate 14, and the fixed shell 17 is located below the connecting ball 16. When the connecting plate 14 is stationary, the fixed shell 17 is perpendicular to the connecting plate 14. The center of gravity of the connecting ball 16 and the fixed shell 17 is located below the center of the connecting ball 16, which can improve the stability of the fixed shell 17. The fixed shell 17 stores damping oil. The piston rod 18 is composed of a cylindrical part and a disc part. The flow limiting hole 19 is located on the disc part of the piston rod 18, and the specific number of flow limiting holes 19 is selected by the operator. It is not specified in detail in this article. The damping oil in the fixed shell 17 can pass through the corresponding flow limiting hole 19. The connecting pipe 20 is located below the piston rod 18. In this embodiment, the suction cup 15 is connected to the external air supply device through the corresponding connecting pipe 20, and the suction cup 15 has no direct connection with the connecting plate 14.

[0035] like Figure 11 As shown, the diameter of the flow-limiting orifice 19 decreases as the distance between it and the corresponding connecting ball 16 decreases.

[0036] In the above scheme, the diameter of the flow-limiting orifice 19 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the shape of the flow-limiting orifice 19 is defined to slow down the upward speed of the piston rod 18 along the fixed shell 17.

[0037] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: As the connecting plate 14 moves downward, it drives all the connecting balls 16 to move downward synchronously. The connecting balls 16 then drive the corresponding fixed housing 17, piston rod 18, connecting tube 20, and suction cup 15 to move downward synchronously. Subsequently, the operator attaches all the suction cups 15 to the upper glass using the above procedure. Then, two second electric push rods 13 drive all the fixed housings 17 upward. The fixed housings 17, through their internal return springs, provide an upward force to the piston rod 18. The piston rod 18, through the corresponding connecting tube 20 and suction cup 15, lifts the upper glass. The upward pulling force is provided, and at the same time, the negative pressure adsorption of the air hole 4 on the lower glass provides a reverse force to the upper glass, causing the piston rod 18 to move downward relative to the corresponding fixed shell 17 (during this process, the damping oil in the fixed shell 17 flows through the corresponding flow restriction hole 19), thereby compressing the return spring between the fixed shell 17 and the corresponding piston rod 18. When the connecting plate 14 moves upward to the designated position (this position is determined by the staff based on the degree of adhesion between the upper and lower glass and the battery cells of the double-glass photovoltaic panel being processed, but it should be noted that this position is not the extreme position), the staff shuts off the two second electric push rods 13.

[0038] After shutting down the two second electric push rods 13, the operator moves the cutting wire 10 to a height aligned with the junction of the upper glass and the battery cell, as described above. Then, the operator separates the upper glass from the battery cell as described above. Initially, the glass is flat against the battery cell through the adhesive film, and the return spring inside the fixing housing 17 provides an upward force to the upper glass. However, because the entire surface is glued, the glass cannot move, resulting in internal stress. But as the cutting wire 10 gradually moves, it separates the glass from the battery cell, and the separated glass (i.e., the front glass)... The glass will lose the constraint of the adhesive force and become a free end. At this time, the separated glass can move upward under the action of the return spring in the fixed shell 17, while the unseparated part is still firmly stuck to the battery cell. At this time, the position of the cutting wire 10 will form a fulcrum. The upward force will form a torque with the fulcrum as the axis, forcing the separated glass to tilt up. At the same time, as the cutting wire 10 gradually moves, the cutting edge (fulcrum) also moves. The separated free area becomes larger and larger. The upward force continues to act, causing the tilting angle of the upper glass to gradually increase, thereby improving the overall separation speed.

[0039] When the front part of the upper glass is raised, the suction cup 15 adsorbed in that area moves upward accordingly. As the raised part flips upward with the cutting edge as the fulcrum, the front suction cup 15 rises simultaneously (during this process, the piston rod 18 corresponding to the suction cup 15 moves upward synchronously relative to the corresponding fixed shell 17). Its adsorption point generates an inward horizontal displacement relative to the middle suction cup 15, and the horizontal distance between the two gradually decreases. This relative displacement is transmitted to the fixed shell 17 through the connecting tube 20, thereby driving the fixed shell 17 to rotate adaptively around the center of the connecting ball 16 to match the tilt angle of the glass surface. During this rotation, the front suction cup 15 undergoes compensatory elastic deformation, so that the edge of the suction cup is always in close contact with the glass, thereby maintaining reliable adsorption and fixation during the dynamic warping of the glass.

[0040] During the upward movement of the piston rod 18 relative to the corresponding fixed shell 17, the damping oil in the fixed shell 17 passes through the corresponding flow-limiting hole 19, thereby increasing the resistance to the upward movement of the piston rod 18, reducing the force released instantaneously by the return spring, reducing the possibility of glass breakage, and ensuring the structural integrity of the glass.

[0041] After the separation of the upper glass is completed, all piston rods 18, under the action of their return springs, drive all the parts connected to them to return to their initial positions synchronously relative to the connecting plate 14. Then, the staff moves the upper glass to the second transport section of the transport module 1 according to the above operation, and separates the battery cells from the lower glass according to the above operation for subsequent use.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, it also includes: two symmetrically distributed electric shafts 21, which are rotatably connected to corresponding mounting blocks 8. The electric shafts 21 are fixedly connected to elastic telescopic rods 22. The mounting blocks 8 are fixedly connected to limit plates 23. Limit plates 23 are provided with limit grooves. The telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rods 22 is fixedly connected to a limit post that moves within the limit groove of the corresponding limit plate 23. Two wedge blocks 24 are symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to the telescopic parts of the corresponding elastic telescopic rods 22. The wedge blocks 24 are used for cleaning materials.

[0044] In the above scheme, the electric shaft 21 is located on the front side of the corresponding mounting block 8, and the electric shaft 21 is an existing device. The figure is only an example, and its specific working process will not be described in detail. Initially, the elastic telescopic rod 22 is perpendicular to the corresponding mounting block 8. The limiting plate 23 is located on the side of the corresponding mounting block 8 close to the corresponding first transmission member 5. The limiting groove on the limiting plate 23 is arc-shaped, and the distance between its upper limiting groove and the electric shaft 21 gradually increases from bottom to top. The wedge block 24 is located on the side of the corresponding elastic telescopic rod 22 telescopic part away from the corresponding limiting plate 23. When the elastic telescopic rod 22 is in a horizontal position, the thickness of the wedge block 24 gradually increases from front to back, and the angle between the upper inclined surface and the bottom surface of the wedge block 24 is selected by the operator.

[0045] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, it also includes: two symmetrically distributed moving blocks 25, which are slidably connected to the corresponding wedge blocks 24; two symmetrically distributed driving blocks 26, which are fixed to the corresponding moving blocks 25; and a driving module 27 is provided on the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22. The driving module 27 is used to change the position of the corresponding driving block 26.

[0046] In the above scheme, the moving block 25 is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclination angle of its inclined surface is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined surface of the wedge block 24. The moving block 25 is located on the side of the corresponding wedge block 24 away from the corresponding elastic telescopic rod 22. Initially, the distance between the two moving blocks 25 is the largest. The drive module 27 is an existing device. The figure shows the motor and the lead screw as an example. The motor is fixedly connected to the corresponding elastic telescopic rod 22, and the lead screw is rotatably connected to the corresponding wedge block 24.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the maximum distance between the two moving blocks 25 facing each other is A, the width of the platform 3 is B, the width of the moving block 25 is C, and 2C>A≥B.

[0048] In the above scheme, the maximum distance and width between the two movable blocks 25 are limited so that when the movable block 25 is not moving relative to the corresponding wedge block 24, it does not collide with the shelf 3 during the backward movement of the wedge block 24. At the same time, it ensures that when the two movable blocks 25 are in contact, the two movable blocks 25 can cover the shelf 3.

[0049] The specific workflow of the above scheme is as follows: During the process of the mounting block 8 driving the corresponding electric wheel 9 to move upward, the mounting block 8 drives the corresponding elastic telescopic rod 22 to move upward synchronously through the corresponding electric shaft 21. The elastic telescopic rod 22 drives all the parts connected to it to move upward synchronously. During the process of the cutting wire 10 separating the upper glass and the battery cell, the wedge block 24 is located below the lower glass. During this process, the operator needs to control the upward movement distance of the connecting plate 14 to prevent the two wedge blocks 24 from colliding with the lower glass and ensure the integrity of the lower glass.

[0050] After separating the upper glass and the battery cell, the operator shuts off the two first transmission components 5 and simultaneously starts the two electric shafts 21. The electric shafts 21 drive the corresponding elastic telescopic rods 22 to rotate. During this process, the limiting post on the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22 moves along the limiting groove of the corresponding limiting plate 23, so that the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22 gradually moves towards the corresponding electric shaft 21 under the guidance of the upper limiting groove of the limiting plate 23 and the combined effect of the elastic force of the elastic telescopic rod 22 itself, until both elastic telescopic rods 22 are in a horizontal state. Then, the operator shuts off the two electric shafts 21. At this time, the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22 is not extended. Then, the operator adjusts the height of the cutting wire 10 according to the above operation so that the cutting wire 10 is aligned with the junction of the lower glass and the battery cell.

[0051] After adjusting the position of the cutting wire 10, the operator starts the two drive modules 27. The drive modules 27 drive the corresponding moving blocks 25 through the corresponding drive blocks 26, so that the two moving blocks 25 move closer to each other. When the two moving blocks 25 make contact, the operator stops the two drive modules 27 and then moves the cutting wire 10 forward as described above. During the forward movement of the cutting wire 10, the battery cell and the lower glass are separated. During this process, the two wedge blocks 24 and the two moving blocks 25 together lift the battery cell, causing the separated battery cell to tilt upward, reducing the possibility of secondary adhesion between the battery cell and the lower glass, and improving the overall separation efficiency.

[0052] After the separation of the lower glass from the battery cell is completed, the staff shuts down the two first transmission components 5 and controls the two electric shafts 21 to drive the corresponding elastic telescopic rods 22 back to their initial positions. As the elastic telescopic rods 22 gradually rotate to the vertical position (during this process, the limiting post on the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22 moves within the upper limit groove of the limiting plate 23, thereby causing the telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod 22 to gradually move away from the corresponding electric shaft 21), the staff also controls the two drive modules 27 to drive the corresponding moving blocks 25 to move, so that the moving blocks 25 gradually move relative to the corresponding wedge blocks 24 to their initial positions for subsequent use.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] Based on Example 3, such as Figures 1-13 As shown, a method for recycling waste photovoltaic panels, and a waste photovoltaic panel recycling device based on the above technical solution, includes the following steps: S1: The material whose frame has been removed by the frame removal machine and whose EVA film has been softened by the heating conveyor is conveyed to the placement platform 3 through the conveying module 1, so that the material covers and seals part of the air holes 4 on the placement platform 3. The external air extraction device is activated to draw the air holes 4 into negative pressure, and the material is fixed on the placement platform 3. S2: Activate the second electric push rod 13 to drive the suction cup 15 down to the position where the suction cup 15 presses against the material and produces elastic deformation. Remove the gas in the suction cup 15 to make it firmly adsorb the material. Control the second electric push rod 13 to drive the connecting plate 14 and the fixed shell 17 to move upward to the preset height. Use the return spring in the fixed shell 17 to apply an upward pulling force to the material through the piston rod 18 and the suction cup 15. During this process, the material is adsorbed by the negative pressure of the air hole 4. The piston rod 18 moves downward relative to the fixed shell 17 and compresses the return spring. The damping oil flows through the flow limiting hole 19 to provide resistance. S3: Start the first electric push rod 7, which drives the cutting wire 10 to rise through the mounting block 8 until the cutting wire 10 is aligned with the material and then stops. S4: Start the electric wheel 9 to drive the cutting wire 10 to rotate, and at the same time start the first transmission component 5. Through the connecting block 6, the rotating cutting wire 10 is moved to gradually cut the material. After completion, the first transmission component 5 and the electric wheel 9 are turned off. During the cutting process, the separated material is lifted upward under the force of the return spring. The suction cup 15 and the fixed shell 17 drive the connecting ball 16 to rotate adaptively to maintain the fit and reduce the possibility of material breakage. The cutting front edge moves gradually until the material is completely separated. S5: Activate the second electric push rod 13 and the second transmission component 11 to move the separated material to the top of the conveying module 1. Then place the separated material on the conveying module 1, inject air into the suction cup 15 to separate it from the material, and the conveying module 1 will send the material out. The suction cup 15 will then reset. S6: Start the electric shaft 21, which drives the elastic telescopic rod 22 and the wedge block 24 on it to rotate from vertical to horizontal, so that the wedge block 24 is located below the material. Adjust the height of the cutting wire 10, start the drive module 27, and drive the two moving blocks 25 to approach and contact each other through the drive block 26. S7: Start the electric wheel 9 and the first transmission component 5 to move the rotating cutting wire 10 forward, gradually cut the material, and the wedge block 24 and the moving block 25 jointly lift the cut material, making it tilt upward to prevent secondary adhesion, until it is completely separated and then the first transmission component 5 and the electric wheel 9 are turned off. S8: Remove the separated material and use the same method as steps S2 and S5 to use suction cup 15 to adsorb the remaining material, lift and transfer it to the conveying module 1, and reset each mechanism to the initial state to complete the processing of a single material. S9: Process the remaining materials one by one according to the above steps.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device, characterized in that, include: Conveying module (1), the conveying module (1) is used to transport materials; Mounting frame (2) is set on one side of the conveying module (1). The mounting frame (2) is provided with a platform (3) for placing materials. The platform (3) is provided with a number of evenly distributed air holes (4) for fixing materials. The first transmission component (5) has two symmetrically distributed components, both of which are disposed on the mounting bracket (2). The first transmission component (5) is provided with a connecting block (6). The first transmission component (5) is used to change the position of the corresponding connecting block (6). The connecting block (6) is fixedly connected to a first electric push rod (7). The telescopic end of the first electric push rod (7) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (8). Two electric wheels (9) are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting blocks (8). The two symmetrically distributed electric wheels (9) are wound together with a cutting wire (10). A transport assembly is provided on the mounting frame (2) and is used to transport materials.

2. The waste photovoltaic panel recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport component includes: The second transmission component (11) is provided on the mounting frame (2). The second transmission component (11) is provided with a mounting plate (12). The second transmission component (11) is used to change the position of the mounting plate (12). The mounting plate (12) is fixedly connected to a second electric push rod (13). The connecting plate (14) is fixed to the telescopic end of the second electric push rod (13); The suction cups (15) are evenly distributed in several parts, all of which are located on the side of the connecting plate (14) away from the second electric push rod (13).

3. The waste photovoltaic panel recycling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that it also... include: The number of connecting balls (16) is the same as the number of suction cups (15), and they are all rotatably connected to the connecting plate (14). A fixed shell (17) is fixed to the side of the connecting ball (16) away from the second electric push rod (13). The number of piston rods (18) is the same as the number of suction cups (15), and they are slidably connected to the corresponding fixed shells (17). A return spring is provided between the piston rods (18) and the corresponding fixed shells (17). The piston rods (18) are provided with circumferentially evenly distributed flow-limiting holes (19). A connecting tube (20) is fixedly connected to the side of the piston rods (18) away from the connecting ball (16). The connecting tube (20) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the corresponding suction cups (15).

4. A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the flow-limiting orifice (19) decreases as the distance between it and the corresponding connecting ball (16) decreases.

5. A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device according to claim 4, characterized in that it also... include: Two electric shafts (21) are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting blocks (8). An elastic telescopic rod (22) is fixedly connected to the electric shaft (21). A limit plate (23) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (8). A limit groove is provided on the limit plate (23). The telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod (22) is fixedly connected to a limit post that moves within the limit groove of the corresponding limit plate (23). Two wedge blocks (24) are symmetrically distributed and are respectively fixed to the telescopic part of the corresponding elastic telescopic rod (22). The wedge blocks (24) are used to clean up materials.

6. A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device according to claim 5, characterized in that it also... include: The movable block (25) has two symmetrically distributed blocks, which are slidably connected to the corresponding wedge block (24). Two drive blocks (26) are symmetrically distributed and are fixed to the corresponding moving blocks (25). The telescopic part of the elastic telescopic rod (22) is provided with a drive module (27), which is used to change the position of the corresponding drive block (26).

7. A waste photovoltaic panel recycling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The maximum distance between the two moving blocks (25) facing each other is A, the width of the platform (3) is B, the width of the moving block (25) is C, and 2C>A≥B.

8. A method for recycling waste photovoltaic panels, based on the waste photovoltaic panel recycling equipment described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The material whose frame has been removed by the frame remover and whose EVA film has been softened by the heating conveyor is conveyed to the platform (3) through the conveying module (1), so that the material covers and seals part of the air holes (4) on the platform (3), and the external air extraction device is activated to draw the air holes (4) into negative pressure, and the material is fixed on the platform (3). S2: Start the second electric push rod (13) to drive the suction cup (15) down to the position where the suction cup (15) presses against the material and produces elastic deformation, and remove the gas in the suction cup (15) so that it firmly adsorbs the material; S3: Start the first electric push rod (7), which drives the cutting wire (10) to rise through the mounting block (8) until the cutting wire (10) is aligned with the material and then stops; S4: Start the electric wheel (9) to drive the cutting wire (10) to rotate, and at the same time start the first transmission component (5), which drives the rotating cutting wire (10) to move through the connecting block (6) to gradually cut the material. After completion, turn off the first transmission component (5) and the electric wheel (9). S5: Start the second electric push rod (13) and the second transmission component (11) to move the separated material to the top of the conveying module (1), then place the separated material on the conveying module (1), inject air into the suction cup (15) to separate it from the material, and send the material out by the conveying module (1). The suction cup (15) is reset. S6: Start the electric shaft (21), drive the elastic telescopic rod (22) and its wedge block (24) to rotate from vertical to horizontal, so that the wedge block (24) is below the material, adjust the height of the cutting wire (10), start the drive module (27), and drive the two moving blocks (25) to approach and contact each other through the drive block (26); S7: Start the electric wheel (9) and the first transmission component (5) to make the rotating cutting wire (10) move forward, gradually cut the material, and the wedge block (24) and the moving block (25) lift the cut material together to make it tilt upward to prevent secondary adhesion. After complete separation, turn off the first transmission component (5) and the electric wheel (9). S8: Remove the separated material and use the same method as steps S2 and S5 to use a suction cup (15) to adsorb the remaining material, lift and transfer it to the conveying module (1), reset each mechanism to the initial state, and complete the processing of a single material. S9: Process the remaining materials one by one according to the above steps.

9. The recycling method according to claim 8, characterized in that, it also... include: In step S2, the second electric push rod (13) is controlled to move the connecting plate (14) and the fixed shell (17) upward to the preset height. The return spring in the fixed shell (17) applies an upward pulling force to the material through the piston rod (18) and the suction cup (15). During this process, the material is adsorbed by the negative pressure of the air hole (4). The piston rod (18) moves downward relative to the fixed shell (17) and compresses the return spring. The damping oil flows through the flow limiting hole (19) to provide resistance.

10. The recycling method according to claim 9, characterized in that, it also... include: In step S4, during the cutting process, the separated material is lifted upwards under the force of the reset spring. The suction cup (15) and the fixed shell (17) drive the connecting ball (16) to rotate adaptively to maintain fit, reducing the possibility of material breakage. The cutting front gradually moves until the material is completely separated.

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