A method for repairing an epitaph lead hammer construction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of stele repair plumb construction methods, comprising the following steps: S1, cleaning stele surface and the character slot of missing font;S2, anchor hole is set at the bottom of character slot;S3, obtain the size of missing font character slot, and character slot is engraved on template;S4, font material is melted into liquid, and inject into the character slot of template, until liquid level is higher than the top surface of character slot 1-3mm;S5, when the hardness of the formed font reaches 60-80% of design hardness, demoulding, font is embedded in the character slot of stele missing font, repeatedly pound font into character slot, font back is extruded into anchor hole, after font completely hardens, form anchor jaw;S6, repair font surface burrs, and polish font to font surface and stele surface flush, with original font color uniformity, new font is guaranteed.Offering the application can quickly, efficiently repair missing font, and guarantee the firm degree of installation font.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ancient building restoration, and in particular to a plumb bob construction method for inscription repair. Background Technology

[0004] Currently, the restoration of missing inscriptions on steles mainly involves cleaning, gluing, patching, and reinforcement. However, these traditional methods have several inherent drawbacks: First, the quality of restoration is highly dependent on the individual experience, skill level, and proficiency of the restorers, resulting in significant differences in restoration outcomes between different restorers. Second, the durability of adhesive bonding is limited; it is prone to aging and failure in long-term outdoor environments, leading to the restored characters detaching again. Therefore, achieving efficient, reliable, and durable restoration of detached characters is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a plumb bob construction method for inscription repair, which can quickly and efficiently repair detached characters and ensure the firmness of the installed characters.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved is: how to efficiently, reliably, and durablely repair detached font characters.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention discloses a plumb bob construction method for inscription repair, comprising the following steps: S1. Clean the surface of the stele and the grooves for missing characters; S2. Anchor holes are set at intervals at the bottom of the letter slot; S3. Obtain the font slot size of the missing font and engrave the font slot on the template; S4. Melt the font material into a liquid state and pour it into the letter slot of the template until the liquid level is 1-3mm above the top surface of the letter slot; S5. When the hardness of the formed font reaches 60-80% of the design hardness, demold it and embed the font into the missing font slot of the stone tablet. Repeatedly hammer the font into the slot to squeeze the back of the font into the anchor hole. After the font is completely hardened, the anchor claw is formed. S6. Repair burrs on the font surface and polish the font until the font surface is flush with the monument surface. Ensure that the oxidation of the finished font is consistent with the original font color.

[0008] The present invention discloses a method for constructing a plumb bob for repairing inscriptions. Furthermore, the font material is a lead-antimony-tin alloy, which is composed of 82% lead, 12% antimony, and 6% tin by mass.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for constructing a plumb bob for repairing inscriptions. Further, anchoring holes with a depth of 3-4 mm are drilled every 8-12 mm at the bottom of the character groove.

[0010] The present invention provides a method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair, wherein the anchoring hole is an oblique hole or an inverted trumpet hole.

[0011] This invention discloses a plumb line construction method for repairing inscriptions. Further, signal acquisition stickers are affixed around the missing characters on the inscription. A 3D scanner is used to scan the area where the signal points are located. The collected point cloud data is constructed into a 3D model in the software of the 3D scanner. The constructed 3D model is converted into the motion trajectory of the engraving machine tool in CAM software. The missing character grooves are engraved on the template using a CNC engraving machine.

[0012] This invention discloses a plumb line construction method for inscription repair. Further, a 3D model is imported into a 3D printer to print the missing characters. The 3D-printed missing characters are compared with the engraved grooves on the stone mold. If the dimensions of the 3D-printed missing characters and the engraved grooves on the stone mold are the same, the stone mold is completed. If they are not the same, a 3D scanner is used to re-acquire the point cloud data of the missing characters and a template is made again.

[0013] This invention discloses a plumb bob construction method for repairing inscriptions, wherein the font material is lead or tin.

[0014] This invention provides a plumb bob construction method for repairing inscriptions, and further includes applying a glaze seal to the font for protection.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Breaking away from the traditional mindset of fixing by "adhesive" or "embedding", an inverted trumpet-shaped anchoring hole is designed at the bottom of the letter slot. This controls the "top surface of the lead liquid to be 1-3mm higher than the letter slot" and the "demolding and hammering when the hardness reaches 60-80%", so that the back of the lead letter is physically squeezed during the hammering process and pressed into the anchoring hole. After the lead letter has completely cooled and hardened, it forms an anchor claw, which permanently fixes the lead letter and achieves in-situ restoration of the monument. By using a specific alloy ratio (82% lead + 12% antimony + 6% tin), a new font embedding and anchoring process is formed by combining low melting point fluidity (tin) with high hardness and weather resistance (antimony) and combining template casting and shaping with hammering and anchoring, so as to achieve permanent fixation of the font. By combining a 3D scanner with a CNC engraving machine, we can achieve digital precision manufacturing of missing font templates, produce missing fonts, and combine this with a hammering and anchoring process to achieve fast and efficient repair of missing fonts and ensure the firmness of the installed fonts. By comparing the dimensions of the "3D printed missing font" with the "CNC carved stone mold", error correction was completed before casting, ensuring that the repaired part fits the original text perfectly. This elevates cultural heritage preservation from "experience and craftsmanship" to the level of "precision manufacturing", reducing material waste and achieving efficient font repair. Detailed Implementation

[0016] This invention discloses a plumb bob construction method for inscription repair, comprising the following steps: S1. Keep the stone in its original position, thoroughly clean the surface of the stone, remove dust, stains and other impurities, clean the grooves of the characters that have come off the stone, wipe the oil stains in the grooves with alcohol, and ensure that the grooves are completely dry. Dampness will cause the lead-tin to cool and bulge and come off the grooves.

[0017] S2. Drill anchoring holes 3-4mm deep every 8-12mm at the bottom of the letter groove. Use an air gun to blow away the dust in the groove. The anchoring holes are designed as slanted holes or inverted trumpet holes. The slanted holes are holes that are not perpendicular to the surface of the monument and are set in an irregular direction. Multiple slanted holes can be tilted in different directions. The inverted trumpet holes are holes with a larger inner diameter and a smaller outer diameter. The diameter of the anchoring holes is not greater than the width of the letter groove. Preferably, the diameter of the anchoring holes is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the width of the letter groove.

[0018] S3. Attach signal acquisition stickers around the missing characters on the monument to prepare for accurate character size acquisition. Use a 3D scanner to vertically project the monument surface onto the area where the signal points are located and scan until signal acquisition is complete. The entire acquisition process takes about 1 minute. The acquired point cloud data is then used in the 3D scanner's software to construct a 3D model, which is then imported into a 3D printer to print the missing characters.

[0019] S4: The constructed 3D model is converted into the motion trajectory of the engraving machine tool in CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) software. The CNC engraving machine is used to engrave the missing character slots on the stone mold, ensuring that they are the same size as the missing characters.

[0020] S5. Compare the missing 3D printed font with the engraved groove on the stone mold. If the missing 3D printed font and the engraved groove on the stone mold are the same size, the stone mold is completed. If they are not the same, use a 3D scanner to re-acquire the point cloud data of the missing font and make the stone mold again.

[0021] S6. Lead, tin, or lead-antimony-tin alloy can be used to make the font. This application uses lead-antimony-tin alloy as an example. The lead-antimony-tin alloy is composed of 82% lead, 12% antimony, and 6% tin. Antimony can increase the hardness of the alloy, effectively prevent deformation, and improve the anchoring ability; tin can lower the melting point and improve the casting fluidity. This alloy material is especially suitable for making large fonts and outdoor high-frequency weathered tombstones.

[0022] Place the lead-antimony-tin alloy into a pre-prepared crucible and heat it to 340-390℃ until it is completely melted into molten lead. Skim off any black oxide residue from the surface. Pour the molten lead into the grooves engraved on the stone mold, ensuring the top of the molten lead is 1-3mm higher than the top of the grooves. Let it cool in a cool, dry place.

[0023] S7. Demold the lettering when it reaches 60-80% of the designed hardness. The appropriate hardness range can be selected according to the temperature and humidity during construction to ensure that the lettering can be squeezed into the anchor holes before hardening. Embed the lettering into the groove of the missing character on the stone. Repeatedly and vertically hammer the lettering into the groove to physically compress the back of the lettering and press it into the anchor holes, so that the lettering is completely embedded in the groove, ensuring that there are no gaps or hollows inside the groove. Violent heavy impact is strictly prohibited to avoid cracking the stone. After the lettering has completely cooled and hardened, it forms anchor claws, permanently fixing the lettering.

[0024] S8. Use a small carving knife to trim excess edges and burrs, use a coarse file to remove protruding lead surfaces, and then use an 800# oilstone with water to polish it to ensure it is completely flush with the surface of the monument without any unevenness; use 1500# sandpaper to polish the edges of the brush strokes to ensure smooth lines without hammer marks, burrs, or gaps.

[0025] S9. The oxidation of the molded fonts is carried out in accordance with the color of the original fonts to ensure that the color of the new fonts is consistent with the original fonts. The fonts are then coated with glaze for protection, which enhances their corrosion resistance and extends their service life.

[0026] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Clean the surface of the stele and the grooves for missing characters; S2. Anchor holes are set at intervals at the bottom of the letter slot; S3. Obtain the font slot size of the missing font and engrave the font slot on the template; S4. Melt the font material into a liquid state and pour it into the letter slot of the template until the liquid level is 1-3mm above the top surface of the letter slot; S5. When the hardness of the formed font reaches 60-80% of the design hardness, demold it and embed the font into the missing font slot of the stone tablet. Repeatedly hammer the font into the slot to squeeze the back of the font into the anchor hole. After the font is completely hardened, the anchor claw is formed. S6. Repair burrs on the font surface and polish the font until the font surface is flush with the monument surface. Ensure that the oxidation of the finished font is consistent with the original font color.

2. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, The font material is a lead-antimony-tin alloy, which is composed of 82% lead, 12% antimony, and 6% tin by mass.

3. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, Drill anchoring holes 3-4mm deep every 8-12mm at the bottom of the letter slot.

4. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring hole is an oblique hole or an inverted trumpet hole.

5. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, Signal acquisition stickers were placed around the missing characters on the monument. A 3D scanner was used to scan the area where the signal points were located. The collected point cloud data was used to build a 3D model in the 3D scanner's software. The 3D model was then converted into the motion trajectory of the engraving machine's tool in CAM software. The missing characters were then engraved on the template using a CNC engraving machine.

6. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 5, characterized in that, Import the 3D model into a 3D printer to print the missing font. Compare the 3D printed missing font with the engraved grooves on the stone mold. If the 3D printed missing font and the engraved grooves on the stone mold are the same size, the stone mold is completed. If they are not the same, use a 3D scanner to re-acquire the point cloud data of the missing font and make a new template.

7. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, The font material is lead or tin.

8. The method for constructing a plumb bob for inscription repair according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes applying a protective glaze to the font.