A composite material pultrusion profile forming device

Abstract

The application provides a composite material pultrusion profile forming device, and relates to the technical field of pultrusion forming. The device comprises a preforming frame and a forming die. A plurality of preforming plates are arranged on the preforming frame. Walk yarn holes are formed on the preforming plates for the fabric to pass through. A cavity is formed in the forming die. An adjusting tool is arranged between the preforming frame and the forming die. The adjusting tool is arranged in parallel to the cross section of the cavity. The adjusting tool is arranged to slide along a first direction on one end of the forming die facing the preforming frame. The position after sliding is fixed by a first positioning piece. The preforming frame is arranged to slide along a second direction on the adjusting tool. The position after sliding is fixed by a second positioning piece. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The application can adjust the relative position of the preforming frame and the forming die, thereby adjusting the internal stress of the yarn as a whole, solving the warping problem of the composite material pultrusion profile, and ensuring the straightness of the pultrusion profile after forming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pultrusion molding technology, and more specifically, to a pultrusion profile molding apparatus for composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] Pultrusion molding offers advantages such as high production efficiency, high material utilization, and stable product dimensions, and is widely used in fields such as wind power generation, new energy vehicles, and petrochemicals. Among them, composite pultruded profiles are gradually becoming new material structural components due to their advantages such as high specific strength, high specific modulus, corrosion resistance, and thermal insulation.

[0003] Before pultruding composite profiles, the yarns and fabrics need to be arranged according to the cross-sectional shape of the product, resulting in different tensions in the yarns and fabrics at different locations. In addition, the curing shrinkage and cooling shrinkage of the resin matrix increase the uneven distribution of internal stress in the product, inevitably causing warping and leading to non-standard straightness of the pultruded profiles.

[0004] The straightness deviation of pultruded profiles cannot be predicted in the early design stage due to the uneven distribution of internal stress in pultruded profiles. Therefore, it can only be corrected after preforming. Pultruded profiles with small warpage can meet the standard after correction, but pultruded profiles with large straightness warpage still do not meet the standard after correction. In addition, the correction process requires heat treatment and mechanical assistance, which is cumbersome and increases the cost of equipment investment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite material pultrusion profile forming device, which can adjust the relative position of the preforming frame and the forming die, thereby adjusting the internal stress of the yarn as a whole, solving the warping problem of composite material pultrusion profiles, and ensuring that the straightness of the pultrusion profiles after forming is qualified.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a composite material pultrusion profile forming device, including a preforming frame and a forming mold, wherein a plurality of preforming plates are provided on the preforming frame, and the preforming plates are provided with yarn feeding holes for fabric to pass through, and a cavity is provided in the forming mold, and an adjustment fixture is provided between the preforming frame and the forming mold, the adjustment fixture being arranged parallel to the cross-section of the cavity. The adjustment fixture is slidably disposed on the end of the forming mold facing the preforming frame along the first direction, and its position after sliding is fixed by the first positioning member; the preforming frame is slidably disposed on the adjustment fixture along the second direction, and its position after sliding is fixed by the second positioning member; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment fixture includes a main frame and multiple supports, with the multiple supports respectively located at the four corners of the main frame, and the multiple legs of the preformed frame slidingly mounted on the multiple supports in a corresponding manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the main frame includes an annular frame and abutment seats symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the annular frame, and the plurality of supports are rotatably arranged on the annular frame with the center of the annular frame as the rotation center.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the supports is provided with a limit slider at one end facing the ring frame, and the outer circumferential surface of the ring frame is provided with a limit groove for the limit slider to slide.

[0010] Furthermore, a positioning screw is provided on one side of the limiting slider, and arc-shaped grooves communicating with the limiting slide groove are opened at the four corners of the annular frame. One end of the positioning screw extends out of the arc-shaped groove and is threadedly connected to a positioning nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the abutment seat has a first waist-shaped hole along its own length direction, the first positioning member includes multiple positioning bolts that are slidably disposed in the first waist-shaped hole, and the forming mold has threaded holes for the positioning bolts to be inserted.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the two abutment seats has a gasket on one side facing each other for fitting with the molding die, and the gasket has a second oblong hole for the positioning bolt to slide.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the supports has a third oblong hole along its length. The second positioning component includes a double-ended screw. The two ends of the double-ended screw are respectively inserted into the legs on opposite sides of the preformed frame and slidably disposed in the third oblong holes of the two opposing supports. Each end of the double-ended screw is provided with a first nut. The first nut is used to press the legs against the supports to achieve initial fixation between the legs and the supports.

[0014] Furthermore, a second nut is provided on the double-ended screw on the side of the support away from the leg. The second nut is used to press the support against the leg to achieve stable fixation between the leg and the support.

[0015] Furthermore, the annular frame is provided with a clearance groove for avoiding the double-ended screw.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. This invention arranges an adjustment fixture between the preforming frame and the forming mold, enabling relative movement between the preforming frame and the adjustment fixture in a first direction, and relative movement between the adjustment fixture and the forming mold in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Through the combined superposition of up, down, left, and right directions, it can achieve adjustment of all warpage directions of the pultruded profile. It allows for targeted and significant adjustments to the entire preform, whereas other adjustment methods are limited in the direction and magnitude of adjustment or require additional heat treatment and mechanical assistance for correction, resulting in cumbersome processes and increased equipment investment costs.

[0017] 2. By making the main frame have an annular frame and having the support slide along the circumference of the annular frame on the outer circumference of the annular frame, the present invention can drive the preforming frame to rotate around the center of the annular frame, thereby offsetting the torsional deformation of the pultruded profile and further ensuring the molding quality of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tooling, the first positioning component, and the second positioning component of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support and main frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second positioning component of the present invention between two supports; Reference numerals: 1-Pre-forming frame, 11-Pre-forming plate, 111-Yarn feeding hole, 12-Support leg, 2-Forming mold, 21-Cavity, 3-Adjustment fixture, 31-Main frame, 311-Ring frame, 3111-Limiting slide groove, 3112-Arc groove, 3113-Allowing groove, 312-Abutting seat, 3121-First oblong hole, 313-Shim, 3131-Second oblong hole, 32-Support, 321-Limiting slider, 322-Positioning screw, 323-Positioning nut, 324-Third oblong hole, 4-First positioning component, 41-Positioning bolt, 5-Second positioning component, 51-Double-ended screw, 52-First nut, 53-Second nut. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0021] The following is for reference Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, and further illustrated with specific embodiments, this embodiment provides a composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a preforming frame 1 and a forming mold 2. The preforming frame 1 consists of multiple preforming plates 11 and support legs 12 located at the four corners of the preforming plates 11. The preforming plates 11 have yarn guide holes 111 for the fabric to pass through. The forming mold 2 has a cavity 21. Multiple yarns pass through the corresponding yarn guide holes 111 on the multiple preforming plates 11 in sequence and enter the forming mold 2 in a converging shape. When entering, the cross-sectional shape of the yarns matches the cross-sectional shape of the cavity 21 of the forming mold 2 to facilitate subsequent forming in the cavity 21.

[0022] An adjustment fixture 3 is configured between the preforming frame 1 and the forming mold 2. The adjustment fixture 3 is set parallel to the cross-section of the cavity 21. The adjustment fixture 3 is slidably set at the end of the forming mold 2 facing the preforming frame 1 along a first direction and is fixed in its slidable position by a first positioning member 4. The preforming frame 1 is slidably set on the adjustment fixture 3 along a second direction and is fixed in its slidable position by a second positioning member 5. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. Due to the non-uniformity of the internal stress distribution of the composite pultruded profile in space and the difference in heating at different positions of the cavity 21 cross-section, it is impossible to accurately predict in the early design. Therefore, it can only be adjusted according to the warping direction of the formed pultruded profile. The adjustment fixture 3 can be used to adjust the position of the preforming frame 1 in the projection direction perpendicular to the cross-section of the cavity 21. The adjustment directions include four directions: up, down, left, and right. Even if the warping direction of the pultruded profile is inclined, it can be adjusted in all warping directions by combining and superimposing the up, down, left, and right directions.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the adjustment fixture 3 includes a main frame 31 and multiple supports 32. The main frame 31 includes an annular frame 311 and abutment seats 312 symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the annular frame 311. The abutment seats 312 on both sides slide and engage with two opposite surfaces on the forming mold 2. Multiple supports 32 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the main frame 31, and multiple legs 12 of the preforming frame 1 are correspondingly slidably arranged on the multiple supports 32. In this embodiment, the abutment seats 312 are horizontal, and the upper and lower abutment seats 312 abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the forming mold 2 respectively, and can move the annular frame 311 left and right to change the relative position of the preforming frame 1 with the forming mold 2 in the left and right direction; the multiple supports 32 are all vertical, and the relative position of the preforming frame 1 with the forming mold 2 in the up and down direction can be changed by moving the legs 12 up and down. In other embodiments, the abutment seat 312 can be set vertically and abut against the left and right sides of the forming mold 2, while the support 32 is set vertically, so that the relative positions of the preforming frame 1 and the forming mold 2 can be adjusted in the up and down and left and right directions respectively.

[0024] When the formed pultruded profile has lateral straightness warping, the straightness warping can be gradually improved by moving the ring frame 311 to the left or right as a whole, and determining the appropriate distance to move it through multiple tests. This ensures that the straightness of the subsequently produced pultruded profile meets the requirements. When the formed pultruded profile has vertical straightness warping, the straightness warping can be gradually improved by moving the support leg 12 up or down on the support 32, and determining the appropriate distance to move it through multiple tests. This ensures that the straightness of the subsequently produced pultruded profile meets the requirements. When the formed pultruded profile has tilted straightness warping, the ring frame 311 is first moved left or right to eliminate the horizontal straightness warping of the pultruded profile, and then the support leg 12 is moved up or down to eliminate the vertical straightness warping of the pultruded profile. Finally, the straightness of the subsequently produced pultruded profile meets the requirements.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the abutment seat 312 has multiple first oblong holes 3121 along its length. The first positioning member 4 includes multiple positioning bolts 41 slidably disposed within the multiple first oblong holes 3121. The forming mold 2 has threaded holes for the positioning bolts 41 to be inserted. When the preforming frame 1 needs to be adjusted left and right, the positioning bolts 41 are loosened and the ring frame 311 is moved left and right as a whole to change the position of the positioning bolts 41 in the corresponding oblong holes. After adjustment, the positioning bolts 41 are tightened to fix the position of the abutment seat 312 and the forming mold 2. Each of the two abutment seats 312 has a shim 313 on one side facing each other for fitting with the forming mold 2. The shim 313 has a second oblong hole 3131 for the positioning bolts 41 to slide. By changing the shims 313 of different thicknesses or increasing or decreasing the number of shims 313, the distance between the upper and lower abutment seats 312 can be changed to accommodate forming molds 2 of different thicknesses, thereby improving the applicability of the adjustment fixture 3 within a certain thickness range.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 As shown, each end of the support 32 facing the annular frame 311 is provided with a limiting slider 321. The outer circumferential surface of the annular frame 311 has a limiting groove 3111 for the limiting slider 321 to slide. By allowing the limiting slider 321 to slide within the limiting groove 3111, the support 32 can rotate around the center of the annular frame 311. After molding, pultruded profiles not only exhibit warping of straightness but may also undergo torsional deformation. By having the support 32 drive the preforming frame 1 to rotate around the center of the annular frame 311, the torsional deformation of the pultruded profile can be counteracted, thereby further ensuring the molding quality of the product.

[0027] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a positioning screw 322 is provided on one side of the limiting slider 321, and arc-shaped grooves 3112 connected to the limiting slide grooves 3111 are opened at the four corners of the annular frame 311. One end of the positioning screw 322 extends out of the arc-shaped grooves 3112 and is threadedly connected to a positioning nut 323. When adjusting the position of the limiting slider 321, the positioning nut 323 is loosened to allow the limiting slider 321 to move within the limiting slide grooves 3111. Then, the position is fixed by tightening the positioning nut 323. This allows multiple limiting sliders 321 to simultaneously drive the preforming frame 1 as a whole to rotate around the center of the annular frame 311, thereby counteracting the torsional deformation of the pultruded profile.

[0028] Reference Figure 4As shown, each support 32 has a third oblong hole 324 along its length. The second positioning member 5 includes a double-ended screw 51. The two ends of the double-ended screw 51 are respectively inserted into the support legs 12 on opposite sides of the preformed frame 1 and slidably disposed in the third oblong holes 324 of the two opposing supports 32. The annular frame 311 has a relief groove 3113 for avoiding the double-ended screw 51. Each end of the double-ended screw 51 is provided with a first nut 52. The first nut 52 is used to make the support legs The legs 12 are pressed against the support 32, and the first nuts 52 on both sides are tightened onto the support legs 12 on both sides of the preformed frame 1, thus achieving the initial fixation of the support legs 12 and the support 32; a second nut 53 is also provided on the double-ended screw 51 on the side of the support 32 away from the support legs 12. The second nut 53 is used to press the support 32 against the support legs 12. Under the combined action of the first nut 52 and the second nut 53, the stability of the support legs 12 and the support 32 after being fixed in relative position is ensured.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus, comprising a preforming frame (1) and a forming mold (2), wherein the preforming frame (1) is provided with a plurality of preforming plates (11), the preforming plates (11) having yarn guide holes (111) for fabric to pass through, and the forming mold (2) having a cavity (21), characterized in that, An adjustment fixture (3) is provided between the preforming frame (1) and the forming mold (2), and the adjustment fixture (3) is arranged parallel to the cross-section of the cavity (21); The adjustment fixture (3) is slidably disposed on one end of the forming mold (2) facing the preforming frame (1) along the first direction, and its position after sliding is fixed by the first positioning member (4); the preforming frame (1) is slidably disposed on the adjustment fixture (3) along the second direction, and its position after sliding is fixed by the second positioning member (5); the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment fixture (3) includes a main frame (31) and multiple supports (32). The multiple supports (32) are respectively set at the four corners of the main frame (31), and the multiple legs (12) of the preformed frame (1) are slidably set on the multiple supports (32) in a one-to-one correspondence.

3. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main frame (31) includes a ring frame (311) and abutment seats (312) symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the ring frame (311). The multiple supports (32) are rotatably arranged on the ring frame (311) with the center of the ring frame (311) as the rotation center.

4. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the supports (32) is provided with a limit slider (321) at one end facing the ring frame (311), and the outer circumferential surface of the ring frame (311) is provided with a limit groove (3111) for the limit slider (321) to slide.

5. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, A positioning screw (322) is provided on one side of the limiting slider (321), and an arc-shaped groove (3112) is provided at each of the four corners of the ring frame (3111) to communicate with the limiting slide groove (3111). One end of the positioning screw (322) extends out of the arc-shaped groove (3112) and is threadedly connected to a positioning nut (323).

6. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The abutment seat (312) has a first waist-shaped hole (3121) along its own length direction. The first positioning member (4) includes multiple positioning bolts (41) that are slidably disposed in the first waist-shaped hole (3121). The forming mold (2) has a threaded hole for the positioning bolts (41) to be inserted.

7. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the two abutment seats (312) is provided with a gasket (313) for fitting with the molding die (2) on one side facing each other. The gasket (313) is provided with a second oblong hole (3131) for the positioning bolt (41) to slide.

8. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the supports (32) has a third waist-shaped hole (324) along its own length direction. The second positioning component (5) includes a double-headed screw (51). The two ends of the double-headed screw (51) are respectively inserted into the legs (12) on opposite sides of the preformed frame (1) and slidably disposed in the third waist-shaped hole (324) of the two supports (32) facing each other. Each end of the double-headed screw (51) is provided with a first nut (52). The first nut (52) is used to press the legs (12) against the supports (32) to achieve the initial fixation of the legs (12) and the supports (32).

9. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, A second nut (53) is provided on the side of the double-ended screw (51) located away from the support leg (12) on the support (32). The second nut (53) is used to press the support (32) against the support leg (12) to achieve stable fixation of the support leg (12) and the support (32).

10. The composite material pultrusion profile forming apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ring frame (311) is provided with a clearance groove (3113) for avoiding the double-headed screw (51).

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