Candy glaze, candy glaze ceramic tile and method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ceramics, and discloses a candy glaze layer, a candy glaze ceramic tile and a preparation method of the candy glaze ceramic tile. The candy glaze layer comprises a bottom glaze layer and a surface glaze coloring layer; and the preparation raw materials of the bottom glaze layer comprise sodium feldspar, dolomite, zirconium silicate, Suzhou kaolin, potassium feldspar and desiliconized aluminum powder. According to the application, zirconium silicate is added to the bottom glaze layer, and the content of the zirconium silicate is controlled; under the condition of high-temperature firing, the zirconium silicate is separated out by solid-phase reaction to form zircon crystal phase, which is uniformly dispersed in the feldspar matrix of the bottom glaze layer, and can form a crystal phase substrate with high whiteness and high reflectivity. When incident light is injected into the candy glaze layer, the incident light is reflected by the crystal phase with high reflectivity, and then penetrates the surface glaze coloring layer again, so that the effective optical path can be prolonged without increasing the thickness of the glaze layer, the total amount of the absorption of the coloring crystal to the corresponding visible light is improved, the proportion of the weak light with mixed colors reflected from the candy glaze layer can be reduced, and the saturation and brightness of the color of the candy glaze layer can be simultaneously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic technology, and in particular to candy glaze, candy glaze ceramic bricks, and their preparation methods. Background Technology

[0002] With the diversification and upgrading of aesthetics in the domestic building decoration market, consumers are placing higher demands on the color performance of ceramic veneer materials. Neutral colors with low saturation and low visual impact are no longer sufficient to meet the differentiated decorative needs of high-end commercial spaces and personalized home decoration. Candy-colored glazed tiles with high saturation and high vibrancy have become an important direction for product upgrading in the industry. However, the preparation of candy-colored glazed tiles with high saturation and high vibrancy faces technical bottlenecks. This is because the pigments used in candy glazes generally suffer from the problem of balancing saturation and vibrancy. For heat-resistant pigments such as zirconium-based and spinel-type pigments, although their crystal structures are stable, their selective absorption peaks for visible light are broad, and their clutter absorption ratio is high, resulting in generally dark and grayish tones. They can only achieve medium saturation and cannot present a bright and vibrant texture. Furthermore, some brightly colored pigments are not heat-resistant and will rapidly decompose and lose color at the firing temperature of building ceramics, making mass production impractical. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a candy glaze layer, a candy glaze ceramic tile and a method for preparing the same, in order to solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve both saturation and vibrancy in candy glaze ceramic tiles.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a candy glaze layer, comprising a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer; by weight, the raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer include: 38-44 parts of sodium feldspar, 19-25 parts of dolomite, 15-21 parts of zirconium silicate, 7-13 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 2-8 parts of potassium feldspar, and 2-6 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0005] In the candy glaze layer, the raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include a base glaze and a colorant; by weight, the raw materials for preparing the base glaze include: 32-38 parts potassium feldspar, 19-25 parts calcite, 7-13 parts sodium feldspar, 7-13 parts black mud powder, 5-11 parts quartz powder, 2-8 parts calcined talc, 2-8 parts zirconium silicate, 1-3 parts calcined kaolin, 1-3 parts barium carbonate, and 0.5-1.5 parts zinc oxide.

[0006] In the candy glaze layer, the colorant is at least one of cobalt blue, red coating, yellow coating, vanadium zirconium blue, praseodymium yellow, and tin chromium purple.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and the candy-glaze layer described above; the candy-glaze layer is located on the tile body layer.

[0008] A third aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, comprising the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer; S40. Apply a colored top glaze slurry to the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer; S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

[0009] In the preparation method of the candy glaze ceramic brick, the firing process in step S50 includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage is to raise the temperature from room temperature to 900°C, and the heating stage is to raise the temperature from 900°C to the maximum firing temperature.

[0010] In the preparation method of the candy-glazed ceramic brick, the highest firing temperature is 1200-1220℃, and the total firing time is 38-40 minutes.

[0011] In the preparation method of the candy-glazed ceramic tile, in step S30, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry is 1.50-1.52 g / cm³, and in step S40, the specific gravity of the colored surface glaze slurry is 1.60-1.62 g / cm³.

[0012] In the preparation method of the candy-glazed ceramic tile, the amount of base glaze slurry applied is 6.1–6.2 g / dm³. 2 In step S40, the amount of colored glaze slurry applied is 10.84–10.86 g / dm³. 2 .

[0013] Beneficial effects: The first aspect of this invention provides a candy-colored glaze layer. By adding zirconium silicate to the base glaze layer and controlling its content, under high-temperature firing conditions, the zirconium silicate undergoes a solid-phase reaction to precipitate a zircon crystal phase, which is uniformly dispersed in the feldspar matrix of the base glaze layer, forming a crystalline substrate with high whiteness and high reflectivity. When incident light enters the candy-colored glaze layer, the incident light is reflected by the highly reflective crystalline phase and penetrates the surface glaze coloring layer a second time. This extends the effective optical path without increasing the glaze layer thickness, increases the total absorption of corresponding visible light by the coloring crystals, reduces the proportion of weak, mixed-color light reflected from the candy-colored glaze layer, and simultaneously improves the saturation and vibrancy of the candy-colored glaze layer's color.

[0014] The second aspect of this invention provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, which possesses rich color presentation capabilities, a delicate glaze texture, excellent color saturation and vibrancy, and good uniformity, and can be adapted to flat and irregularly shaped curved ceramic components. Candy-glazed ceramic tiles can be used for wall and floor tiling in architectural spaces, as well as for surface tiling of various decorative components, and are suitable for various architectural scenarios such as commercial and residential spaces.

[0015] The third aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles. The preparation method can be implemented on a large scale using existing ceramic tile production lines, and the process is highly stable, making it easy to promote industrialization and mass production. It can efficiently prepare candy-glazed ceramic tiles with high saturation and high brightness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the candy-glazed ceramic brick provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile from Example 1.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile from Example 2.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile from Example 3.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 1.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 3.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 5.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 7.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 8.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a glaze image of the candy-glazed ceramic tile in Comparative Example 9. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention provides a candy-glaze layer, candy-glaze ceramic tiles, and a method for preparing the same. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] The first aspect of this invention provides a candy-colored glaze layer formed on the ceramic tile body, specifically comprising a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer. The base glaze layer, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 38-44 parts of albite, 19-25 parts of dolomite, 15-21 parts of zirconium silicate, 7-13 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 2-8 parts of potassium feldspar, and 2-6 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0028] In the raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, zirconium silicate is ultra-white zirconium silicate. Under high-temperature firing conditions, zirconium silicate undergoes a solid-phase reaction to precipitate zircon crystal phase, which is uniformly dispersed in the feldspar matrix of the base glaze layer, forming a crystalline phase substrate with high whiteness and high reflectivity. When incident light enters the candy glaze layer, the incident light is reflected by the high-reflectivity crystalline phase and penetrates the surface glaze coloring layer a second time. This extends the effective optical path without increasing the thickness of the glaze layer, increases the total absorption of corresponding visible light by the coloring crystals, reduces the proportion of weak light reflected from the candy glaze layer, and simultaneously improves the saturation and vibrancy of the candy glaze layer's color.

[0029] To enhance the color saturation and vibrancy of the candy glaze, and to reduce appearance defects such as white spots and pinholes, an appropriate amount of dolomite is introduced into the raw materials for the preparation of the base glaze. Dolomite decomposes into CaO and MgO during high-temperature firing, serving as the main fluxing components of the base glaze and determining the viscosity, surface tension, and rheological properties of the high-temperature melt. Within a suitable dosage range, CaO and MgO synergistically regulate the network structure of the glass phase, ensuring the base glaze possesses appropriate melt viscosity and surface tension during high-temperature firing. This allows internal air and decomposition gases to escape smoothly during the glaze melting process, and the glaze melt can promptly spread and fill the tiny pits left by escaping air bubbles, ultimately forming a smooth and dense glaze surface, significantly reducing appearance defects such as white spots and pinholes.

[0030] To further reduce the impact of impurities on the color development of pigments in the candy glaze, this invention uses Suzhou kaolin and desilicationized aluminum powder as raw materials. The raw materials contain low levels of color-causing impurities such as iron and titanium, which can significantly reduce the content of color-causing impurities inside the candy glaze. This avoids color-causing impurities absorbing visible light to form dark tones and yellow haze that interfere with the whiteness of the base glaze layer, ensuring the formation of a pure and highly reflective substrate by the zircon crystal phase. It also prevents the background color and impurities from shining upwards through the candy glaze layer and contaminating the candy color. This reduces the risk of graying, dullness, and turbidity of the color from the source of the raw materials, improves the overall color purity and vibrancy, and at the same time reduces white spots and pinhole defects induced by impurities as bubble nuclei, avoids local color differences caused by defects, and stabilizes the color uniformity of the finished product.

[0031] To ensure the transparent presentation of the candy glaze color, in a preferred embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include a base glaze and a colorant; by weight, the raw materials for preparing the base glaze include: 32-38 parts potassium feldspar, 19-25 parts calcite, 7-13 parts sodium feldspar, 7-13 parts black mud powder, 5-11 parts quartz powder, 2-8 parts calcined talc, 2-8 parts zirconium silicate, 1-3 parts calcined kaolin, 1-3 parts barium carbonate, and 0.5-1.5 parts zinc oxide.

[0032] In the aforementioned surface glaze coloring layer, the base glaze material is mainly composed of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcite, calcined talc, etc. Under high-temperature firing conditions, a glass phase system with low alkalinity, low erosion and excellent light transmittance can be formed in the surface glaze coloring layer. The refractive index difference between this glass phase system and the zircon crystal phase uniformly precipitated in the base glaze layer can be stably controlled within 0.08, thereby significantly reducing the diffuse scattering loss of light at the interface between the base glaze and the surface glaze, reducing stray light interference, and allowing incident light penetrating the surface glaze coloring layer to smoothly reach the high-reflectivity crystal phase substrate in the base glaze layer, and then reflect back and penetrate the surface glaze coloring layer a second time, giving full play to the optical brightening effect of the double-layer glaze, and effectively ensuring the transparent and bright color presentation effect of various high-saturation colors of candy glaze without haze or graying.

[0033] By introducing barium and zinc ions into the colored glaze layer, these divalent metal ions react with the colored crystals under high-temperature firing conditions, entering the crystal lattice of the colored crystals and causing lattice distortion. This increases the lattice energy of the colored crystals, allowing them to maintain the integrity of the long-range ordered structure of the crystals under rapid firing conditions. It also reduces the dissolution of colored ions into the glass phase and valence fluctuations. Furthermore, the colored crystals modified with barium and zinc ions have stable band gaps, steep absorption peaks for visible light, low proportion of heterogeneous absorption, and high color purity of reflected light. This stabilizes the selective absorption capacity of the colored crystals for visible light, preventing graying and discoloration, and ensuring high saturation and bright texture of the candy glaze colors.

[0034] For example, the colorant can be at least one of cobalt blue, red-coated, yellow-coated, vanadium-zirconium blue, praseodymium yellow, and tin chromium purple (lilac purple). By combining different colorants, a variety of highly saturated and pure candy colors can be formulated, suitable for both flat and irregularly shaped curved tiles, with stable color difference control and a clear, turbid glaze.

[0035] For example, the red coating could be zirconium silicate coated with cadmium sulfide selenide (CdS). x Se1 x Pigments. Based on the different ratios of S and Se in the pigments, encapsulated pigments can be further divided into encapsulated orange-red and encapsulated bright red pigments.

[0036] In order to reduce the influence of impurities in the raw materials of the surface glaze on the color development of the pigments in the candy glaze, in a preferred embodiment, the potassium feldspar used in the base glaze can be high-temperature potassium feldspar; the sodium feldspar can be high-white sodium feldspar.

[0037] A second aspect of this invention provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and the aforementioned candy-glazed layer; the candy-glazed layer is located on the tile body layer. The candy-glazed ceramic tile possesses rich color presentation capabilities, a delicate glaze texture, excellent color saturation and vibrancy, and good uniformity. It is adaptable to flat and irregularly shaped curved ceramic components and can be applied to wall and floor tiling in architectural spaces, as well as surface tiling for various decorative components, making it suitable for various architectural scenarios such as commercial and residential spaces.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, comprising the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Spray the base glaze slurry onto the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer;

[0039] S40. Spray a colored top glaze slurry onto the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer;

[0040] S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

[0041] The preparation method described above can be implemented on a large scale using existing ceramic tile production lines, and the process is highly stable, making it easy to promote industrialization and mass production. It can efficiently produce candy-glaze ceramic tiles with high saturation and high vibrancy.

[0042] In the preparation method of the candy-glazed ceramic tile, the firing process in step S50 includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage involves heating from room temperature to 900℃, and the heating stage involves heating from 900℃ to the maximum firing temperature. The preheating stage allows for the slow removal of residual moisture and organic impurities from the tile body and glaze layer, preventing defects such as glaze bubbles and cracking of the body and glaze caused by rapid heating.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the maximum firing temperature is 1200–1220°C, and the total firing time is 38–40 minutes. Within this maximum firing temperature range, the base glaze and the top glaze coloring layer are in a good melting state, which ensures that the amount of zircon crystal phase precipitation in the base glaze layer is appropriate, and that the coloring crystal phase structure in the top glaze coloring layer is stable and fully crystallized. Therefore, the color saturation and uniformity of the candy glaze layer are at an optimal level.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry in step S30 is 1.50–1.52 g / cm³, and the specific gravity of the coloring glaze slurry in step S40 is 1.60–1.62 g / cm³. When the specific gravity of the two glaze slurries is within the above range, the glaze slurry atomization and spreading properties are good, the glazing uniformity is high, the glaze thickness deviation at different locations on a single tile is small, and the color uniformity is guaranteed.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of base glaze slurry applied in step S30 is 6.1–6.2 g / dm², and the amount of colored top glaze slurry applied in step S40 is 10.84–10.86 g / dm². 2 When the application amounts of the two glazes are within the aforementioned range, the thicknesses of the base glaze and the colored glaze layer are well-matched, fully leveraging the optical enhancement effect of the double-layer glaze, resulting in optimal color uniformity and saturation. However, if the glaze amount is too low, the total amount of coloring crystalline phases is insufficient, leading to a lighter color. For irregularly shaped tiles, this amplifies color differences on curved surfaces, reducing the color compliance rate. Conversely, if the glaze amount is too high, the excessively thick glaze layer can easily cause defects such as glaze runs and pinholes. Furthermore, the excessive gradient in crystalline phase precipitation increases the risk of color difference.

[0046] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples.

[0047] The chemical composition of the brick blanks provided in the following examples and comparative examples, by mass percentage, is as follows: SiO2: 68%, Al2O3: 20%, CaO: 1.5%, MgO: 1%, K2O: 2.5%, Na2O: 2%, loss on ignition and loss on ignition: 5%. Brick blanks with the above chemical composition can meet the vitrification requirements under a rapid firing regime of 1200–1220℃.

[0048] In the following examples and comparative examples, the zirconium silicate was manufactured by Foshan Fuyu New Materials.

[0049] Example 1 This embodiment provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0050] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 41 parts of sodium feldspar, 22 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, and 4 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0051] The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include a base glaze and colorants. By weight, the raw materials for preparing the base glaze include: 35 parts potassium feldspar, 22 parts calcite, 10 parts sodium feldspar, 10 parts black mud powder, 8 parts quartz powder, 5 parts calcined talc, 5 parts zirconium silicate, 2 parts calcined kaolin, 2 parts barium carbonate, and 1 part zinc oxide. Additionally, 0.8 parts of colorant are added. The colorant includes 0.7 parts of cobalt blue and 0.1 parts of a coated bright red.

[0052] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, including the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer; S40. Apply a colored top glaze slurry to the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer; S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

[0053] In step S30, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry is 1.50 g / cm³, and in step S40, the specific gravity of the colored surface glaze slurry is 1.60 g / cm³.

[0054] In step S30, the application rate of the base glaze slurry is 6.1 g / dm², and in step S40, the application rate of the colored surface glaze slurry is 10.84 g / dm². 2 .

[0055] In step S50, the firing process includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage involves heating from room temperature to 900°C, and the heating stage involves heating from 900°C to the maximum firing temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1210°C, and the total firing time is 38 minutes.

[0056] Example 2 This embodiment provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0057] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 38 parts of sodium feldspar, 19 parts of dolomite, 15 parts of zirconium silicate, 7 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 2 parts of potassium feldspar, and 2 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0058] The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include a base glaze and colorants. By weight, the base glaze comprises: 32 parts potassium feldspar, 19 parts calcite, 7 parts sodium feldspar, 7 parts black mud powder, 5 parts quartz powder, 2 parts calcined talc, 2 parts zirconium silicate, 1 part calcined kaolin, 1 part barium carbonate, and 0.5 parts zinc oxide. Additionally, 0.74 parts of colorant are added. The colorant includes 0.66 parts of a coated orange-red pigment, 0.05 parts of a coated bright red pigment, and 0.03 parts of a cobalt blue pigment.

[0059] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, including the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer; S40. Apply a colored top glaze slurry to the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer; S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

[0060] In step S30, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry is 1.52 g / cm³, and in step S40, the specific gravity of the colored surface glaze slurry is 1.62 g / cm³.

[0061] In step S30, the application rate of the base glaze slurry is 6.2 g / dm², and in step S40, the application rate of the colored surface glaze slurry is 10.86 g / dm². 2 .

[0062] In step S50, the firing process includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage involves heating from room temperature to 900°C, and the heating stage involves heating from 900°C to the maximum firing temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1210°C, and the total firing time is 38 minutes.

[0063] Example 3 This embodiment provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0064] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 44 parts of sodium feldspar, 25 parts of dolomite, 21 parts of zirconium silicate, 13 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, and 6 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0065] The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include a base glaze and colorants. By weight, the raw materials for preparing the base glaze include: 38 parts potassium feldspar, 25 parts calcite, 13 parts sodium feldspar, 13 parts black mud powder, 11 parts quartz powder, 8 parts calcined talc, 8 parts zirconium silicate, 3 parts calcined kaolin, 3 parts barium carbonate, and 1.5 parts zinc oxide. Additionally, 5.0 parts of colorant are added. The colorant includes 4.6 parts of tin chromium purple and 0.4 parts of cobalt blue.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, including the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer; S40. Apply a colored top glaze slurry to the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer; S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

[0067] In step S30, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry is 1.52 g / cm³, and in step S40, the specific gravity of the colored surface glaze slurry is 1.62 g / cm³.

[0068] In step S30, the application rate of the base glaze slurry is 6.1 g / dm², and in step S40, the application rate of the colored surface glaze slurry is 10.84 g / dm². 2 .

[0069] In step S50, the firing process includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage involves heating from room temperature to 900°C, and the heating stage involves heating from 900°C to the maximum firing temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1200°C, and the total firing time is 40 minutes.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0071] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer are different.

[0072] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 41 parts of sodium feldspar, 22 parts of dolomite, 12 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, and 4 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0073] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0074] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0075] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer are different.

[0076] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 41 parts of sodium feldspar, 22 parts of dolomite, 22 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, and 4 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0077] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0078] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0079] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer are different.

[0080] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 35 parts of sodium feldspar, 28 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, and 4 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0081] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0083] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer are different.

[0084] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 41 parts of sodium feldspar, 16 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 5 parts of potassium feldspar, and 4 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

[0085] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0086] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0087] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze in the surface coloring layer are different.

[0088] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze, by weight, include: 35 parts potassium feldspar, 22 parts calcite, 10 parts sodium feldspar, 10 parts black mud powder, 8 parts quartz powder, 5 parts calcined talc, 5 parts zirconium silicate, 2 parts calcined kaolin, 0.5 parts barium carbonate, and 0.3 parts zinc oxide.

[0089] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0091] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the raw materials used to prepare the base glaze in the surface coloring layer are different.

[0092] The raw materials for preparing the base glaze, by weight, include: 35 parts potassium feldspar, 22 parts calcite, 10 parts sodium feldspar, 10 parts black mud powder, 8 parts quartz powder, 5 parts calcined talc, 5 parts zirconium silicate, 2 parts calcined kaolin, 3 parts barium carbonate, and 2 parts zinc oxide.

[0093] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles, which is the same as the method provided in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 7 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer.

[0095] The only difference between this candy-glazed ceramic tile and Example 1 is that the colorant in the surface glaze coloring layer includes 4.6 parts of tin chromium purple pigment and 0.4 parts of cobalt blue pigment.

[0096] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles. The only difference between this method and the method provided in Example 1 is that the maximum firing temperature in step S50 is 1190°C.

[0097] Comparative Example 8 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer. The raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer and the top glaze coloring layer are the same as those provided in Example 1.

[0098] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles. The only difference between this method and the method provided in Example 1 is that the maximum firing temperature in step S50 is 1230°C.

[0099] Comparative Example 9 This comparative example provides a candy-glazed ceramic tile, comprising a tile body layer and a candy-glaze layer. The candy-glaze layer includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer. The raw materials used to prepare the base glaze layer and the top glaze coloring layer are the same as those provided in Example 1.

[0100] This comparative example also provides a method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles. The only difference between this method and the method provided in Example 1 is that, in step S30, the amount of base glaze slurry applied is 4.34 g / dm², and in step S40, the amount of colored surface glaze slurry applied is 8.68 g / dm². 2 .

[0101] The candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in the above embodiments and comparative examples were tested using a spectrophotometer. The maximum color difference value ΔE at different points on the glaze surface of the ceramic tiles was measured, and the calculation formula is as follows: .

[0102] Where ΔL is the difference between light and dark, Δa is the difference between red and green, and Δb is the difference between yellow and blue.

[0103] In addition, for each embodiment and comparative example, five ceramic tile samples were randomly selected from each embodiment / comparative example. The center position of each sample was uniformly selected for spectrophotometry to obtain Lab color data. The center position data was used as the representative color of a single sample. The ΔE color difference between all pairs of samples in the group was calculated, and the calculated ΔE color difference was recorded in the table below.

[0104]

[0105] The test results in the table above show that the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Examples 1 to 3 have good color uniformity, with a color difference ΔE ≤ 0.45 at different locations within the same ceramic tile sample. Furthermore, the color difference ΔE ≤ 0.8 for ceramic tile samples prepared under the same examples and comparative examples indicates good color stability within the same batch. Moreover, from... Figures 2 to 4 As can be seen from the provided glaze images, the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Examples 1 to 3 have both high saturation and high vibrancy in color, high color purity, and no graying, dullness, or darkening.

[0106] In addition, from Figures 2 to 4The provided glaze surface images also show that the candy-like glaze formula provided by this invention possesses adaptive color development characteristics based on glaze thickness. The color variations at different locations on the curved surface of the brick due to differences in glaze thickness conform to the Lambert-Beer light absorption law; specifically, the glaze is thinner and lighter in color at raised areas, and thicker and darker at the edges, resulting in a natural overall transition without abrupt color gradations. This characteristic is determined by the intrinsic optical properties of the glaze material of this invention, and can alleviate the color difference problem caused by uneven glaze thickness in irregularly shaped components.

[0107] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 1 with those provided in Example 1, it was found that the color saturation of the glaze in the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 1 was significantly reduced (see...). Figure 5 The color tone is dark and lacks transparency, and the color difference ΔE between different locations on a single ceramic tile increases to 0.8–1.0. The overall color vibrancy is significantly lower than that of the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Example 1. This is because in the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Example 1, the amount of zirconium silicate in the raw materials for preparing the base glaze is reduced, resulting in insufficient precipitation of zircon crystal phase in the base glaze during high-temperature firing. This weakens the high-reflectivity substrate effect, shortens the optical path for secondary penetration of incident light, and causes a simultaneous decrease in color saturation and vibrancy. At the same time, the base glaze layer has insufficient covering power, and the base color of the tile body layer easily shows through the candy glaze layer, thus interfering with the color purity.

[0108] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 2 with those provided in Example 1, it was found that the glaze of the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 2 exhibited a hazy, opaque appearance, with impaired color transparency and vibrancy. This is because the amount of zirconium silicate in the raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer in the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 2 was increased, resulting in an excessively high proportion of zircon crystal phase in the base glaze layer. This increased the overall refractive index of the base glaze layer and widened the refractive index difference with the glass phase in the top glaze coloring layer, thereby drastically enhancing the diffuse scattering effect at the grain boundary, resulting in a hazy, opaque appearance and impaired color transparency and vibrancy. Simultaneously, excessive zirconium silicate increases the melting temperature of the glaze, reducing the sintering degree of the base glaze layer, decreasing the smoothness of the glaze surface, and making it prone to pinholes and micro-pits, thus lowering the pass rate for appearance defects and ultimately reducing the overall yield.

[0109] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 3 with the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Example 1, it was found that the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 3 had a large number of white spot defects on the glaze surface, and the white spot defects were densely distributed. The color uniformity was affected by the white spots, the local color of the glaze surface was obvious, and the overall visual effect was damaged (see...). Figure 6This is because, in the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 3, the increased amount of dolomite in the raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer led to a decrease in the viscosity of the high-temperature melt in the base glaze layer. During the glaze melting process, the gas emission rate and the melt flow rate were mismatched, and the gas could not escape completely, forming white spot defects on the glaze surface. At the same time, the low-viscosity melt easily caused excessive intermelting between the base glaze layer and the top glaze layer, destroying the double-layer glaze structure and affecting the stability of color performance.

[0110] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 4 with the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Example 1, it was found that the gloss of the glaze surface of the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 4 decreased, and defects such as pinholes and bubbles appeared. This is because the amount of dolomite in the raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer in the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 4 was reduced, which led to an increase in the melting temperature of the base glaze layer. During high-temperature firing, the viscosity of the high-temperature melt increased, which led to insufficient sintering of the glaze and a decrease in the gloss of the glaze surface. At the same time, the gas inside the glaze layer had difficulty breaking through the high-viscosity melt, which easily formed pinholes and bubbles inside and on the surface of the glaze layer.

[0111] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 5 with those provided in Example 1, it was found that the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 5 had a lighter hue, decreased saturation, and uneven coloring spots in some areas; furthermore, the color difference ΔE between samples in the same group reached 1.1–1.3, indicating poor batch stability; the glaze color showed graying and whitishness, and insufficient vibrancy (see...). Figure 7 This is because, in the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 5, the amount of zinc oxide and barium carbonate in the colored glaze layer is reduced, resulting in a lack of sufficient divalent metal ions to modify the lattice of the colored ions. The lattice energy of the colored crystals is at a lower level, leading to increased lattice structure damage under rapid firing conditions. Some colored ions dissolve into the glass phase, transforming from crystalline coloring to ionic coloring, resulting in weakened selective absorption of visible light and decreased color saturation and purity. Furthermore, the insufficient stability of the colored crystalline phase structure and the varying degrees of phase damage at different locations can cause color spots and color differences.

[0112] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 6 with that provided in Example 1, it was found that the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 6 had lower color saturation, appeared darker, and had reduced vibrancy. This is because the amount of zinc oxide and barium carbonate in the colored glaze layer of the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 6 was increased. When the content of zinc oxide and barium carbonate exceeds the upper limit of the suitable range, the excess metal ions will significantly reduce the high-temperature viscosity of the glass phase and enhance the glass phase's ability to erode the colored crystals, thus accelerating the dissolution of colored ions into the glass phase, leading to a decrease in color saturation. At the same time, excess Zn² will undergo a solid-phase reaction with the silicon-aluminum components in the glaze to generate zinc spinel-like impurities, forming additional heterogeneous light-absorbing centers, causing dark-toned interference in the color and reducing vibrancy. Excess Ba²+ This will increase the refractive index of the glass phase, break the refractive index matching relationship between the base glaze layer and the colored glaze layer, enhance diffuse scattering at the grain boundary, reduce the transparency of the glaze surface, and further lower the color compliance rate.

[0113] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 7 with the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Example 1, it was found that the candy-glazed ceramic tile provided in Comparative Example 7 had lower glaze gloss, insufficient color saturation, a lighter hue, and slight pinhole defects on the glaze surface (see...). Figure 8 This is because the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 7 were fired at a lower temperature, resulting in insufficient melting of the glaze. This led to inadequate development of the glass phase in the surface glaze coloring layer and incomplete precipitation and growth of the coloring crystalline phase. Furthermore, the amount of zircon crystalline phase precipitated in the base glaze layer was insufficient, weakening the reflective substrate effect and making the layered optical effect less obvious. Consequently, the glaze surface had insufficient color saturation, a lighter tone, and low vibrancy. Moreover, when the glaze was not melted sufficiently, the melt viscosity of the glaze layer was higher, and the internal gas was not completely expelled, resulting in pinhole defects on the glaze surface.

[0114] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 8 with those provided in Example 1, it was found that the glaze tone of the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 8 was darker and the vibrancy was reduced (see...). Figure 9 Furthermore, overheating and dulling occurred in some areas; simultaneously, the color difference of the ceramic tiles increased, and a small number of bubble defects appeared on the glaze surface. This is because the ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 8 were fired at a higher temperature, which enhanced the glassy phase's erosive ability and intensified the erosion of the coloring crystals. Some of the coloring crystal phase dissolved, resulting in a decrease in the color saturation of the candy-like glaze layer; moreover, fluctuations in the valence state of the coloring ions led to hue shifts. In addition, the glaze's viscosity was too low at high temperatures during firing, altering the melt surface tension and changing the gas escape path, making it prone to bubble defects.

[0115] Comparing the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 9 with those provided in Example 1, it was found that the overall color of the candy-glazed ceramic tiles provided in Comparative Example 9 was lighter, with insufficient saturation, and the brightening effect of the base glaze layer was weakened, resulting in a significant color difference. This is because during the glazing process in Comparative Example 9, the amount of base glaze and coloring glaze slurry applied was too low, leading to a reduction in the thickness of the base glaze layer and the surface glaze coloring layer, weakening the reflective substrate effect, and decreasing the layered optical effect; at the same time, the total content of coloring crystalline phases decreased, resulting in insufficient light absorption and a decrease in color concentration. Furthermore, for irregularly shaped tiles, the difference in glaze thickness ratio at different locations on the curved surface is amplified, making the color difference more easily perceived (see...). Figure 10 ).

[0116] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A candy glaze, characterized in that, Includes a base glaze layer and a top glaze coloring layer; The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer, by weight, include: 38-44 parts of sodium feldspar, 19-25 parts of dolomite, 15-21 parts of zirconium silicate, 7-13 parts of Suzhou kaolin, 2-8 parts of potassium feldspar, and 2-6 parts of desilicationized aluminum powder.

2. The candy glaze layer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer include base glaze and colorant; The raw materials for preparing the base glaze, by weight, include: 32-38 parts potassium feldspar, 19-25 parts calcite, 7-13 parts sodium feldspar, 7-13 parts black mud powder, 5-11 parts quartz powder, 2-8 parts calcined talc, 2-8 parts zirconium silicate, 1-3 parts calcined kaolin, 1-3 parts barium carbonate, and 0.5-1.5 parts zinc oxide.

3. The candy glaze layer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The colorant is at least one of cobalt blue, red-coated, yellow-coated, vanadium-zirconium blue, praseodymium yellow, and tin-chromium purple.

4. A candy-glazed ceramic tile, characterized in that, It includes a brick blank layer and a candy glaze layer as described in any one of claims 1-3; the candy glaze layer is located on the brick blank layer.

5. A method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. The raw materials for preparing the base glaze layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the base glaze slurry. S20. The raw materials for preparing the surface glaze coloring layer are put into a ball mill according to the proportion, mixed with water and ball milled to obtain the colored surface glaze slurry. S30. Apply the base glaze slurry to the surface of the brick body to form a base glaze layer; S40. Apply a colored top glaze slurry to the base glaze layer to form a colored top glaze layer; S50, firing, to obtain the candy-glazed ceramic brick.

6. The method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S50, the firing process includes a preheating stage and a heating stage; the preheating stage is heating from room temperature to 900°C, and the heating stage is heating from 900°C to the maximum firing temperature.

7. The method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The maximum firing temperature is 1200-1220℃, and the total firing time is 38-40 minutes.

8. The method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S30, the specific gravity of the base glaze slurry is 1.50-1.52 g / cm³, and in step S40, the specific gravity of the colored surface glaze slurry is 1.60-1.62 g / cm³.

9. The method for preparing candy-glazed ceramic tiles according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S30, the application rate of the base glaze slurry is 6.1–6.2 g / dm³. 2 In step S40, the amount of colored glaze slurry applied is 10.84–10.86 g / dm³. 2 .

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