A coal-fired thermal power unit coupling electrolytic hydrogen production flexible operation method and system

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of coal-fired thermal power generating unit coupling electrolytic hydrogen production flexible operation method and system, belong to thermal power generating unit flexible peak shaving and hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization technical field, can significantly alleviate or solve the problem of existing coal-fired thermal power generating unit under the condition of high proportion of new energy access, deep peak load reduction, poor combustion stability, insufficient problem of surplus power consumption capacity, the present application obtains operation prediction parameter, determines surplus power consumption, conventional coordinated operation, priority power supply or hydrogen storage limited scene, and accordingly executes power distribution and hydrogen production hydrogen storage control;In the surplus power consumption scene, increase hydrogen production power, in the priority power supply or hydrogen storage limited scene, reduce or stop hydrogen production load, and feedback correction target hydrogen production power, net on-grid power and scene determination condition of next control cycle.The present application can reduce the time of unit deep load reduction operation, improve the net on-grid power regulation capacity, new energy consumption capacity and hydrogen energy storage utilization level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of flexible peak shaving and comprehensive utilization of hydrogen energy in thermal power units, specifically involving a flexible operation method and system for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of "dual-carbon" goals and the construction of a new power system, the installed capacity of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation continues to increase, and the proportion of new energy output in the power system is constantly rising. Due to the randomness, intermittency, and volatility of new energy output, the power grid is prone to source-load mismatch problems at different time scales, especially during periods of concentrated new energy output and low grid load. This places higher demands on peak-shaving resources, controllable loads, and energy conversion devices in the power system. As a traditional power source, coal-fired power units, in addition to providing basic power supply, also need to frequently participate in peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup support to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] Currently, coal-fired power units typically participate in flexible peak shaving by reducing unit load, rapidly adjusting load, starting and stopping units, or configuring electrochemical energy storage. When the grid load decreases or renewable energy output increases, coal-fired units often need to reduce their grid-connected power to cooperate with grid regulation; conversely, when the grid load increases or renewable energy output decreases, they need to increase their grid-connected power to meet power demand. However, when coal-fired units operate under deep load reduction conditions, boiler combustion stability decreases, the furnace temperature field and heat absorption distribution of the heating surfaces are prone to shift, and main steam parameters, reheat steam parameters, and the operating status of the denitrification system are also prone to fluctuations. If the unit operates under low load or frequent load changes for a long period, critical equipment such as boiler heating surfaces, turbine rotors, main steam pipes, and high-temperature valves will also be subjected to significant thermal and mechanical stresses, increasing equipment fatigue damage and maintenance costs.

[0004] On the other hand, water electrolysis for hydrogen production can convert electrical energy into hydrogen energy. The electrolysis unit features fast start-up and shutdown response, a wide power adjustment range, and controllable load, making it suitable for integration with the surplus power consumption needs of the power system. The produced hydrogen, after purification and compression, can be stored in a hydrogen storage unit and used as industrial feedstock, transportation fuel, hydrogen-blended combustion, fuel cell power generation, or for power supply in integrated energy systems. Therefore, coupling the electrolysis hydrogen production unit with coal-fired power plants has the potential to enhance the capacity for new energy consumption and expand the forms of energy products from power plants.

[0005] However, most existing technologies for combining coal-fired power units with electrolytic hydrogen production units only focus on parallel configuration at the equipment level, or emphasize macro-level energy dispatch and economic operation strategies. They have not fully addressed the issue of how the electrolytic hydrogen production unit can participate in the flexible operation of the coal-fired power unit as a flexible and controllable load on the power generation side. Specifically, the data dependencies between the power generation, grid-connected power, hydrogen production power, and hydrogen storage status of the coal-fired unit in existing solutions are not clear enough, and the dynamic allocation logic between the electrolytic hydrogen production load and the net grid-connected power is not well defined. Furthermore, there is a lack of specific technical control rules for switching conditions such as increasing, maintaining, decreasing, or stopping the hydrogen production load under different operating conditions, including high renewable energy output, low grid load, increased grid load, and limited hydrogen storage capacity.

[0006] Furthermore, hydrogen purification and compression units and hydrogen storage units are typically considered only as auxiliary processing equipment after electrolytic hydrogen production. Existing technologies rarely incorporate their processing capacity, hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage margin, or hydrogen storage capacity constraints into the hydrogen production power control process, leading to a potential disconnect between electrical power regulation and hydrogen-side processing and storage capacity. If the hydrogen production load is increased solely based on surplus electrical power without considering hydrogen purification and compression capacity and hydrogen storage status, it may result in unreasonable hydrogen production load settings, affecting system safety and continuous operation capability.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a flexible operation method and system that can coordinate the operating status of coal-fired power units, the forecast of new energy output, the forecast of grid load, the operating status of electrolytic hydrogen production, the hydrogen purification and compression capacity, and the hydrogen storage status, so as to reduce the deep load reduction operation time of coal-fired power units and realize closed-loop control between surplus electricity hydrogen production, hydrogen purification and storage, and net grid power regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a flexible operation method and system for hydrogen production by coupling coal-fired power units with electrolysis.

[0009] This invention provides a flexible operation method for coal-fired power units coupled with electrolytic hydrogen production, comprising the following steps: Obtain the predicted operating parameters, unit status parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, grid connection demand parameters, and unit operating boundary parameters of coal-fired power units; Based on the operational prediction parameters, the hydrogen production and storage status parameters, the grid connection demand parameters, and the unit operation boundary parameters, the current operating scenario is determined. The current operating scenario includes surplus power consumption scenario, conventional coordinated operation scenario, priority power supply scenario, and hydrogen storage-constrained scenario. Based on the current operating scenario, power allocation and hydrogen production and storage control are performed to obtain power allocation results, hydrogen production and storage execution results, and net grid-connected power adjustment results. Specifically, in the surplus power consumption scenario, the target hydrogen production power is determined based on the power consumption margin, allowable hydrogen production power, hydrogen storage constraint power, and hydrogen processing constraint power. A portion of the turbine generator set's output power is used for electrolytic hydrogen production, and the remaining turbine generator set's output power is used for grid connection. The hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production is purified, compressed, and stored. The hydrogen production and storage status parameters are updated based on the hydrogen storage results. In the priority power supply scenario or the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, the hydrogen production load is reduced or stopped based on the grid connection demand parameters, the hydrogen production and storage status parameters, and the unit's power supply capacity. The power released after the hydrogen production load reduction is used to increase net grid-connected power. In the normal coordinated operation scenario, grid-connected power and hydrogen production power are coordinated based on the operation prediction parameters and the hydrogen production and storage status parameters. Based on the power allocation results, the hydrogen production and storage execution results, the net grid power adjustment results, the unit status parameters, and the operation prediction parameters for the next control cycle, the target hydrogen production power, the net grid power, and the operation scenario determination conditions for the next control cycle are fed back and corrected.

[0010] Furthermore, the operational prediction parameters include new energy output prediction data and grid load prediction data; the unit status parameters include unit power supply capacity; the hydrogen production and storage status parameters include hydrogen production operation status, minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, hydrogen storage status, and hydrogen processing status, whereby the hydrogen processing status characterizes hydrogen processing capacity; and the grid connection demand parameters include grid connection power demand. Determining the current operational scenario includes: When the new energy output forecast data indicates an increase in new energy output and the grid load forecast data indicates a decrease in grid load, or the grid-connected power demand is lower than the output power corresponding to stable unit operation, it is determined to be the surplus power consumption scenario; when the new energy output forecast data, the grid load forecast data, and the hydrogen storage status are all within the corresponding set operating range, it is determined to be the conventional coordinated operation scenario; when the grid load forecast data indicates an increase in grid load, the new energy output forecast data indicates a decrease in new energy output, or the grid-connected power demand increases, it is determined to be the priority power supply scenario; and when the hydrogen storage status reaches the hydrogen storage limit condition, or the hydrogen processing status indicates that the hydrogen processing capacity is limited, it is determined to be the hydrogen storage limited scenario.

[0011] Specifically, determining the target hydrogen production power includes: The power absorption margin is determined based on the output power of the steam turbine generator set, the grid connection power demand, the unit operating boundary parameters, and the reserve power demand. The hydrogen production allowable power is determined based on the hydrogen production operation status; the hydrogen storage constraint power is determined based on the hydrogen storage status; the hydrogen processing constraint power is determined based on the hydrogen processing status; and a power not exceeding the power consumption margin, the hydrogen production allowable power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power is taken as the target hydrogen production power.

[0012] Specifically, using a portion of the output power of the steam turbine generator set for electrolytic hydrogen production according to the target hydrogen production capacity includes: A hydrogen production power control command is generated based on the target hydrogen production power; a grid connection power control command is generated based on the output power of the steam turbine generator set, the target hydrogen production power, and the grid connection power demand; and the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is controlled to adjust its hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen production power control command, and the grid connection unit is controlled to adjust its net grid connection power according to the grid connection power control command.

[0013] Preferably, the purification, compression, and storage of hydrogen produced by electrolysis include: The method involves obtaining the actual hydrogen production power and the actual hydrogen production flow rate; purifying the hydrogen produced by electrolysis by at least one of the following: removing water, removing oxygen, drying, and removing impurities; and compressing the purified hydrogen to the hydrogen storage inlet pressure, and updating the hydrogen storage state based on at least one of the following: the hydrogen flow rate entering the hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen storage pressure, the hydrogen storage temperature, and the hydrogen storage quantity.

[0014] Specifically, reducing or stopping hydrogen production load includes: In the priority power supply scenario, the amount of hydrogen production load reduction is determined based on the grid-connected power demand and the unit's power supply capacity, and the target hydrogen production power is reduced according to the amount of hydrogen production load reduction; in the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, the hydrogen production power limit value is determined based on the hydrogen storage status or the hydrogen processing status, and the target hydrogen production power is limited within the hydrogen production power limit value; and when the reduced target hydrogen production power is lower than the hydrogen production stable operation boundary, hydrogen production is stopped or the system enters standby mode.

[0015] Furthermore, the feedback correction of the target hydrogen production capacity, the net grid connection capacity, and the operating scenario determination conditions includes: Based on the deviation between the actual grid-connected power and the target net grid-connected power, the grid-connected power control command for the next control cycle is corrected. Based on the actual hydrogen production power, power response deviation, and hydrogen production flow rate deviation, the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle is adjusted; and The operating scenario determination conditions are revised based on the new energy output forecast data, the power grid load forecast data, and the hydrogen storage status for the next control cycle.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a flexible operation system for coal-fired power units coupled with electrolysis to produce hydrogen, comprising: A coal-fired power generation unit includes a coal-fired boiler and a steam turbine generator set, wherein the coal-fired boiler and the steam turbine generator set are connected by steam pipelines, and the steam turbine generator set is used to generate power output. A grid-connected unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set and is used to transmit at least a portion of the generated power output to the power grid. An electrolysis hydrogen production unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set or the plant power bus, and is used to receive at least part of the power output of the generator set and perform electrolysis hydrogen production. A hydrogen purification and compression unit is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production unit and is used to purify and compress the hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production. A hydrogen storage unit, connected to the hydrogen purification and compression unit, is used to store purified and compressed hydrogen. The predictive monitoring unit is communicatively connected to the coal-fired power generation unit, the grid-connected unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the energy management and coordination control unit, respectively. It is used to acquire new energy output forecast data, grid load forecast data, grid-connected power demand, unit operating status, and hydrogen storage status, and to send the acquired data to the energy management and coordination control unit. The energy management and coordination control unit is connected to the grid-connected unit, the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the prediction and monitoring unit, respectively. It is used to determine the operating scenario, target hydrogen production power and net grid-connected power based on the new energy output prediction data, the grid load prediction data, the grid-connected power demand, the unit operating status, and the hydrogen storage status, and to control the distribution of the power generation output between grid-connected output and electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0017] Furthermore, the prediction and monitoring unit includes a new energy output prediction unit, a grid load and unit status monitoring unit, and a hydrogen storage status monitoring unit; the hydrogen purification and compression unit has a hydrogen processing status feedback terminal, the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit is connected to the hydrogen storage unit and has a hydrogen storage status feedback terminal, and the hydrogen processing status feedback terminal and the hydrogen storage status feedback terminal are respectively connected to the energy management and coordination control unit.

[0018] Specifically, the energy management and coordination control unit is used to generate grid-connected power control commands and hydrogen production power control commands; the grid-connected unit adjusts the net grid-connected power according to the grid-connected power control commands; the electrolytic hydrogen production unit adjusts the hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen production power control commands; and the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit collects the hydrogen storage status of the hydrogen storage unit and feeds back hydrogen storage limitation information to the energy management and coordination control unit.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention uses the electrolysis hydrogen production unit as a flexible and controllable load on the power generation side of a coal-fired power plant. Based on the forecast of new energy output, grid load forecast, grid connection demand, unit status, and hydrogen production and storage status, the hydrogen production power and net grid-connected power are dynamically adjusted. In scenarios where surplus electricity is consumed, the hydrogen production load is increased to absorb the surplus electricity. In scenarios where priority power supply or hydrogen storage is limited, the hydrogen production load is reduced or stopped to increase the net grid-connected power. This reduces the deep load reduction operation time of coal-fired units, improves the capacity for new energy consumption, the peak-shaving capacity of thermal power, the level of hydrogen energy storage and utilization, and the safety of system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a connection block diagram of a flexible operation system for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a flexible operation method for hydrogen production by coupled electrolysis in a coal-fired power unit, provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps: The system acquires the predicted operating parameters, unit status parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, grid connection demand parameters, and unit operating boundary parameters for coal-fired power units. The unit status parameters include at least one of the following: current output power of the turbine generator unit, current load, allowable load increase / decrease rate, unit power supply capacity, and operating safety status. The unit power supply capacity refers to the electrical power output capability of the coal-fired power unit for grid connection under the constraints of its current operating status and unit operating boundary parameters. The unit operating boundary parameters include at least one of the following: minimum stable combustion load, maximum allowable load, allowable load increase / decrease rate, reserve power demand, boiler combustion stability constraints, and turbine generator unit operating safety constraints. Based on the operational prediction parameters, the hydrogen production and storage status parameters, the grid connection demand parameters, and the unit operation boundary parameters, the current operating scenario is determined. The current operating scenario includes surplus power consumption scenario, conventional coordinated operation scenario, priority power supply scenario, and hydrogen storage-constrained scenario. Based on the current operating scenario, power allocation and hydrogen production and storage control are performed to obtain power allocation results, hydrogen production and storage execution results, and net grid-connected power adjustment results. Specifically, in the surplus power consumption scenario, the target hydrogen production power is determined based on the power consumption margin, allowable hydrogen production power, hydrogen storage constraint power, and hydrogen processing constraint power. A portion of the turbine generator set's output power is used for electrolytic hydrogen production, and the remaining turbine generator set's output power is used for grid connection. The hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production is purified, compressed, and stored. The hydrogen production and storage status parameters are updated based on the hydrogen storage results. In the priority power supply scenario or the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, the hydrogen production load is reduced or stopped based on the grid connection demand parameters, the hydrogen production and storage status parameters, and the unit's power supply capacity. The power released after the hydrogen production load reduction is used to increase net grid-connected power. In the normal coordinated operation scenario, grid-connected power and hydrogen production power are coordinated based on the operation prediction parameters and the hydrogen production and storage status parameters. Based on the power allocation results, the hydrogen production and storage execution results, the net grid power adjustment results, the unit status parameters, and the operation prediction parameters for the next control cycle, the target hydrogen production power, the net grid power, and the operation scenario determination conditions for the next control cycle are fed back and corrected.

[0023] In one implementation, this method is executed cyclically by an energy management and coordination control unit according to a preset control cycle. Within each control cycle, operational data from the coal-fired power unit, the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the grid side are first acquired. Then, the current operational scenario is determined based on the operational data, and hydrogen production power control commands and grid connection power control commands are output according to the current operational scenario. This allows the electrolytic hydrogen production unit to participate in net grid connection power regulation as a flexible and controllable load on the power generation side of the coal-fired power unit.

[0024] Preferably, the net grid-connected power refers to the portion of the output power of the steam turbine generator set that is fed into the grid via the grid-connected unit. A dynamic allocation relationship exists between the hydrogen production power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the net grid-connected power; when the hydrogen production power increases, the power allocated to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit increases, and the net grid-connected power decreases accordingly; when the hydrogen production power decreases or stops, the power originally allocated to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is transferred back into the grid-connected output path, and the net grid-connected power increases accordingly; the net grid-connected power includes the target net grid-connected power and the actual net grid-connected power; the target net grid-connected power is determined by the energy management and coordination control unit based on grid-connected demand parameters, and the actual net grid-connected power is obtained from feedback by the grid-connected unit.

[0025] Furthermore, the hydrogen production and storage state parameters are used to characterize the hydrogen-side operational constraints formed jointly by the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, and the hydrogen storage unit. These hydrogen-side operational constraints include not only the power regulation capability of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit itself, but also the processing capacity of the hydrogen purification and compression unit and the receiving capacity of the hydrogen storage unit, ensuring that the target hydrogen production power simultaneously meets both the electricity-side consumption requirements and the hydrogen-side processing and storage capabilities.

[0026] Based on the above basic implementation method, the operation prediction parameters include new energy output prediction data and grid load prediction data; the unit status parameters include the unit power supply capacity; the hydrogen production and storage status parameters include the hydrogen production operation status, the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen storage status, and the hydrogen processing status, wherein the hydrogen processing status characterizes the hydrogen processing capacity; and the grid connection demand parameters include the grid connection power demand. Determining the current operation scenario includes: When the new energy output forecast data indicates an increase in new energy output and the grid load forecast data indicates a decrease in grid load, or the grid-connected power demand is lower than the output power corresponding to stable unit operation, it is determined to be the surplus power consumption scenario; when the new energy output forecast data, the grid load forecast data, and the hydrogen storage status are all within the corresponding set operating range, it is determined to be the conventional coordinated operation scenario; when the grid load forecast data indicates an increase in grid load, the new energy output forecast data indicates a decrease in new energy output, or the grid-connected power demand increases, it is determined to be the priority power supply scenario; and when the hydrogen storage status reaches the hydrogen storage limit condition, or the hydrogen processing status indicates that the hydrogen processing capacity is limited, it is determined to be the hydrogen storage limited scenario.

[0027] Furthermore, the determination of the current operating scenario adopts a priority-based approach. When the hydrogen storage status reaches the hydrogen storage limit or the hydrogen processing status indicates that the hydrogen processing capacity is limited, it is prioritized as a hydrogen storage-limited scenario; when the grid-connected power demand increases or the grid load forecast data indicates that the grid load increases, it is determined as a priority power supply scenario; when the new energy output forecast data indicates that the new energy output increases and the grid load forecast data indicates that the grid load decreases, or the grid-connected power demand is lower than the output power corresponding to the stable operation of the unit, it is determined as a surplus power consumption scenario; other operating conditions that meet the set operating range are determined as regular coordinated operation scenarios.

[0028] Furthermore, the corresponding set operating range includes the set fluctuation range of new energy output forecast data, the set fluctuation range of power grid load forecast data, and the set operating range of hydrogen storage status. The set operating range is determined based on the minimum stable combustion load of coal-fired power units, the allowable load increase / decrease rate, the power adjustment range of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the processing capacity of the hydrogen purification and compression unit, and the hydrogen storage limitations of the hydrogen storage unit.

[0029] In one specific implementation, determining the target hydrogen production power includes: The power absorption margin is determined based on the output power of the steam turbine generator set, the grid connection power demand, the unit operating boundary parameters, and the reserve power demand. The hydrogen production allowable power is determined based on the hydrogen production operation status; the hydrogen storage constraint power is determined based on the hydrogen storage status; the hydrogen processing constraint power is determined based on the hydrogen processing status; and a power not exceeding the power consumption margin, the hydrogen production allowable power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power is taken as the target hydrogen production power.

[0030] In this embodiment, the power consumption margin is the portion of the steam turbine generator set's output power that can be allocated to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit after meeting grid connection power requirements, reserve power requirements, and unit operating boundary parameters. The permissible hydrogen production power is the power that the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is allowed to handle under the current hydrogen production operating state. The hydrogen storage constraint power is the upper limit of the permissible hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen storage state. The hydrogen processing constraint power is the upper limit of the permissible hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen purification and compression unit under the current hydrogen processing state; the hydrogen storage constraint power is determined based on the remaining hydrogen storage capacity, upper limit of hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage safety margin, and hydrogen production per unit power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit. The hydrogen processing constraint power is determined based on the permissible processing flow rate, compression capacity, inlet pressure, outlet pressure, and operating state of the hydrogen purification and compression unit.

[0031] Furthermore, the target hydrogen production power is determined according to the following rules: The target hydrogen production power shall not exceed any one of the following power values: the power consumption margin, the allowable hydrogen production power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power; when any of these power values ​​decreases, the target hydrogen production power shall decrease accordingly; when the hydrogen storage state reaches the hydrogen storage limit or the hydrogen processing state reaches the processing capacity limit, the target hydrogen production power shall be reduced to below the stable operation boundary of hydrogen production or the electrolysis hydrogen production unit shall be controlled to enter standby mode.

[0032] In another specific embodiment, using a portion of the output electrical power of the steam turbine generator set for electrolytic hydrogen production according to the target hydrogen production power includes: A hydrogen production power control command is generated based on the target hydrogen production power; a grid connection power control command is generated based on the output power of the steam turbine generator set, the target hydrogen production power, and the grid connection power demand; and the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is controlled to adjust its hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen production power control command, and the grid connection unit is controlled to adjust its net grid connection power according to the grid connection power control command.

[0033] In this embodiment, the hydrogen production power control command is used to adjust the input power of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and the grid connection power control command is used to adjust the net on-grid power output of the grid-connected unit to the grid. The energy management and coordination control unit generates mutually matched hydrogen production power control commands and grid connection power control commands based on the target hydrogen production power, the output power of the turbine generator set, and the grid connection power demand, ensuring that changes in hydrogen production power and changes in net on-grid power correspond within the same control cycle.

[0034] Specifically, in scenarios involving surplus electricity consumption, the energy management and coordination control unit increases the hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen production power control command and reduces the net on-grid power corresponding to the grid-connected power control command or maintains the grid-connected power demand; in scenarios involving priority power supply, the energy management and coordination control unit reduces the hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen production power control command and increases the net on-grid power corresponding to the grid-connected power control command; in scenarios where hydrogen storage is limited, the energy management and coordination control unit restricts the hydrogen production power control command according to the hydrogen storage status and hydrogen processing status.

[0035] In another specific embodiment, purifying, compressing, and storing the hydrogen produced by electrolysis includes: The method involves obtaining the actual hydrogen production power and the actual hydrogen production flow rate; purifying the hydrogen produced by electrolysis by at least one of the following: removing water, removing oxygen, drying, and removing impurities; and compressing the purified hydrogen to the hydrogen storage inlet pressure, and updating the hydrogen storage state based on at least one of the following: the hydrogen flow rate entering the hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen storage pressure, the hydrogen storage temperature, and the hydrogen storage quantity.

[0036] Furthermore, the actual hydrogen production power and actual hydrogen production flow rate are fed back to the energy management and coordination control unit to determine the response of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit to the hydrogen production power control command. The hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage temperature, and hydrogen storage quantity are fed back to the energy management and coordination control unit to determine the acceptance capacity of the hydrogen storage unit and to determine the hydrogen storage constraint power for the next control cycle.

[0037] Specifically, the hydrogen purification and compression unit includes a hydrogen purification section and a hydrogen compression section. The hydrogen purification section treats the hydrogen produced by electrolysis by removing moisture, reducing oxygen content, drying, and removing impurities at least one of these processes. The hydrogen compression section compresses the purified hydrogen to a pressure that meets the inlet requirements of the hydrogen storage unit before sending it into the hydrogen storage unit. The processing capacity of the hydrogen purification and compression unit serves as the basis for determining the hydrogen processing constraint power.

[0038] In another specific embodiment, reducing or stopping the hydrogen production load includes: In the priority power supply scenario, the amount of hydrogen production load reduction is determined based on the grid-connected power demand and the unit's power supply capacity, and the target hydrogen production power is reduced according to the amount of hydrogen production load reduction; in the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, the hydrogen production power limit value is determined based on the hydrogen storage status or the hydrogen processing status, and the target hydrogen production power is limited within the hydrogen production power limit value; and when the reduced target hydrogen production power is lower than the hydrogen production stable operation boundary, hydrogen production is stopped or the system enters standby mode.

[0039] Furthermore, in the priority power supply scenario, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the amount of hydrogen production power to be released based on the grid-connected power demand and the unit's power supply capacity, and uses this amount as the basis for determining the reduction in hydrogen production load. After the hydrogen production load is reduced, the released power is output to the grid through the grid connection unit to increase the net grid-connected power.

[0040] Specifically, in the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, when the hydrogen storage status, characterized by hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage quantity, or remaining hydrogen storage capacity, reaches the hydrogen storage limit, the target hydrogen production power is reduced; when the hydrogen processing status, characterized by the limited processing capacity of the hydrogen purification and compression unit, the target hydrogen production power is reduced to match the hydrogen processing capacity; when the reduced target hydrogen production power is lower than the hydrogen production stable operation boundary, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is controlled to stop hydrogen production or enter a standby state; the hydrogen production response result includes at least one of the actual hydrogen production power, power response deviation, actual hydrogen production flow rate, and hydrogen production flow rate deviation.

[0041] In another specific embodiment, the feedback correction of the target hydrogen production power, the net grid connection power, and the operating scenario determination conditions includes: Based on the deviation between the actual grid-connected power and the target net grid-connected power, the grid-connected power control command for the next control cycle is corrected. Based on the actual hydrogen production power, power response deviation, and hydrogen production flow rate deviation, the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle is adjusted; and Based on the predicted renewable energy output, the predicted grid load, and the hydrogen storage status for the next control cycle, the operating scenario determination conditions are revised. These conditions include renewable energy output change conditions, grid load change conditions, grid-connected power demand conditions, hydrogen storage limitations, and hydrogen processing capacity limitations. An increase in renewable energy output and a decrease in grid load refer to trends relative to the current control cycle, the previous control cycle, or a set baseline value reaching corresponding determination thresholds.

[0042] Furthermore, the power allocation result includes the hydrogen production power allocated to the electrolytic hydrogen production unit and the net grid-connected power output through the grid-connected unit; the hydrogen production and storage execution result includes the actual hydrogen production power, the actual hydrogen production flow rate, the hydrogen purification and compression status, and the updated hydrogen storage status; the net grid-connected power adjustment result includes the deviation between the actual grid-connected power and the net grid-connected power.

[0043] Specifically, during feedback correction, if the actual grid-connected power is lower than the net grid-connected power, the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle will be reduced or the grid-connected power control command will be increased; if the actual hydrogen production power is lower than the target hydrogen production power, the hydrogen production power control command for the next control cycle will be corrected based on the power response deviation; if the hydrogen storage status is close to the hydrogen storage limitation conditions, the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle will be reduced, and the current operating scenario will be corrected to a hydrogen storage-limited scenario or the priority of the hydrogen storage-limited scenario will be increased.

[0044] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, a flexible operation system for coupled electrolysis hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit is provided, comprising: A coal-fired power generation unit includes a coal-fired boiler and a steam turbine generator set, wherein the coal-fired boiler is steam-connected to the steam turbine generator set, and the steam turbine generator set is used to generate power output. A grid-connected unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set and is used to transmit at least a portion of the generated power output to the power grid. An electrolysis hydrogen production unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set or the plant power bus, and is used to receive at least part of the power output of the generator set and perform electrolysis hydrogen production. A hydrogen purification and compression unit is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production unit and is used to purify and compress the hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production. A hydrogen storage unit, connected to the hydrogen purification and compression unit, is used to store purified and compressed hydrogen. The predictive monitoring unit is used to acquire data on renewable energy output forecasts, grid load forecasts, grid-connected power demand, unit operating status, and hydrogen storage status; and An energy management and coordination control unit is connected to the grid-connected unit, the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the prediction and monitoring unit, respectively. It is used to determine the operating scenario, target hydrogen production power, and net grid-connected power based on the new energy output prediction data, the grid load prediction data, the grid-connected power demand, the unit operating status, and the hydrogen storage status, and to control the distribution of the power generation output between grid-connected output and electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0045] In this embodiment, the power output terminal of the coal-fired power generation unit forms a power distribution node, and the grid-connected unit and the electrolysis hydrogen production unit are respectively connected to the power distribution node. The energy management and coordination control unit controls the distribution of the power generation output between the grid-connected output path and the electrolysis hydrogen production path by adjusting the grid-connected power control command and the hydrogen production power control command.

[0046] Specifically, the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, and the hydrogen storage unit are connected sequentially along the hydrogen flow direction. The hydrogen produced by the electrolytic hydrogen production unit enters the hydrogen purification and compression unit, and after purification and compression, it enters the hydrogen storage unit. The hydrogen storage status monitoring unit collects the hydrogen storage status of the hydrogen storage unit and feeds it back to the energy management and coordination control unit, so that the hydrogen storage status can participate in the determination of the target hydrogen production power in the next control cycle.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, the prediction and monitoring unit includes a new energy output prediction unit, a grid load and unit status monitoring unit, and a hydrogen storage status monitoring unit; the hydrogen purification and compression unit has a hydrogen processing status feedback terminal, the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit is connected to the hydrogen storage unit and has a hydrogen storage status feedback terminal, and the hydrogen processing status feedback terminal and the hydrogen storage status feedback terminal are respectively connected to the energy management and coordination control unit.

[0048] Furthermore, the renewable energy output prediction unit provides renewable energy output prediction data, the grid load and unit status monitoring unit provides grid load prediction data, grid-connected power demand, and unit operating status, and the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit provides hydrogen storage status. All of the above data are input into the energy management and coordination control unit for current operating scenario determination and power allocation control.

[0049] Furthermore, the hydrogen processing status feedback terminal is used to provide feedback on the processing capacity, operating status, or fault status of the hydrogen purification and compression unit; the hydrogen storage status feedback terminal is used to provide feedback on hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage temperature, hydrogen storage quantity, or remaining hydrogen storage capacity. Based on the feedback information from the hydrogen processing status feedback terminal and the hydrogen storage status feedback terminal, the energy management and coordination control unit limits the target hydrogen production power or switches the current operating scenario.

[0050] In one specific implementation, the energy management and coordination control unit is used to generate grid-connected power control commands and hydrogen production power control commands; the grid-connected unit adjusts the net grid-connected power according to the grid-connected power control commands; the electrolytic hydrogen production unit adjusts the hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen production power control commands; and the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit collects the hydrogen storage status of the hydrogen storage unit and feeds back hydrogen storage limitation information to the energy management and coordination control unit.

[0051] In this embodiment, the energy management and coordination control unit generates control commands based on the current operating scenario. In a scenario of surplus electricity consumption, the energy management and coordination control unit increases the hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen production power control command; in a scenario of priority power supply, the energy management and coordination control unit decreases the hydrogen production power corresponding to the hydrogen production power control command and increases the net grid-connected power corresponding to the grid-connected power control command; in a scenario of limited hydrogen storage, the energy management and coordination control unit restricts or stops the hydrogen production power control command based on hydrogen storage limitation information.

[0052] Specifically, the hydrogen storage limitation information includes at least one of the following: hydrogen storage pressure reaching the limitation condition, hydrogen storage quantity reaching the limitation condition, remaining hydrogen storage capacity being lower than the set capacity, and the processing capacity of the hydrogen purification and compression unit being limited. Upon receiving the hydrogen storage limitation information, the energy management and coordination control unit reduces the target hydrogen production power, stops the hydrogen production power control command, or switches the current operating scenario to a hydrogen storage-limited scenario.

[0053] In one specific implementation, taking a 600MW coal-fired power unit as an example, the unit is coupled with an electrolytic hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen purification and compression unit, a hydrogen storage unit, and an energy management and coordination control unit. The electrolytic hydrogen production unit is connected to the power output terminal of the turbine generator unit or the plant auxiliary power bus. The hydrogen purification and compression unit is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen storage unit is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen purification and compression unit. The energy management and coordination control unit executes a flexible operation method for the coupled electrolytic hydrogen production of the coal-fired power unit according to a 15-minute control cycle.

[0054] In this embodiment, at the start of the current control cycle, step S1 is executed, whereby the energy management and coordination control unit acquires the operating prediction parameters, unit status parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, grid connection demand parameters, and unit operating boundary parameters of the coal-fired power unit. The operating prediction parameters include new energy output prediction data and grid load prediction data; the unit status parameters include the current output power of the turbine generator unit, unit load, load ramping capacity, and unit power supply capacity; the hydrogen production and storage status parameters include the current hydrogen production power of the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, hydrogen production stable operating boundary, hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage quantity, remaining hydrogen storage capacity, and hydrogen processing status; the grid connection demand parameters include grid connection power demand; and the unit operating boundary parameters include the minimum stable combustion load, allowable load ramping rate, and reserve power demand.

[0055] In this embodiment, the current output power of the steam turbine generator set is 480MW, the grid-connected power requirement is 420MW, the standby power requirement is 20MW, the rated power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is 80MW, the current hydrogen production power is 10MW, and the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit is 5MW. The current hydrogen storage unit has a hydrogen storage capacity below the upper limit, but still has hydrogen storage and acceptance capacity; the current allowable hydrogen flow rate of the hydrogen purification and compression unit corresponds to a hydrogen production power upper limit of 38MW.

[0056] In step S2, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the current operating scenario based on the operating forecast parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, grid connection demand parameters, and unit operating boundary parameters. Current renewable energy output forecast data indicates an increase in renewable energy output, while grid load forecast data indicates a decrease in grid load. Furthermore, the grid connection power demand is lower than the output power of the turbine generator unit under stable operating conditions. Therefore, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the current operating scenario as a surplus energy consumption scenario.

[0057] In step S3, the energy management and coordination control unit performs power allocation and hydrogen production and storage control in the surplus power consumption scenario. First, the power consumption margin is determined based on the output power of the turbine generator set, grid-connected power demand, and reserve power demand. In this embodiment, the turbine generator set output power is 480MW, the grid-connected power demand is 420MW, and the reserve power demand is 20MW; therefore, the power consumption margin is 40MW. Second, the allowable hydrogen production power is determined based on the rated power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the current hydrogen production operating status; the allowable hydrogen production power is greater than 40MW. The hydrogen storage constraint power is determined based on the hydrogen storage status; the hydrogen storage constraint power is greater than 40MW. The hydrogen processing constraint power is determined to be 38MW based on the hydrogen processing status of the hydrogen purification and compression unit. The energy management and coordination control unit takes a power not exceeding the surplus power for electricity consumption, the allowable hydrogen production power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power as the target hydrogen production power, thus determining the target hydrogen production power to be 38MW. The energy management and coordination control unit generates hydrogen production power control commands based on the target hydrogen production power, and generates grid connection power control commands based on the output power of the turbine generator set, the target hydrogen production power, and the grid connection power demand. The electrolysis hydrogen production unit increases the hydrogen production power from 10MW to 38MW according to the hydrogen production power control commands, and receives a corresponding portion of the output power from the turbine generator set for electrolysis hydrogen production. The grid connection unit adjusts the net grid-connected power according to the grid connection power control commands to meet the grid connection power demand and reserve power demand. Thus, without further reducing the boiler load, the coal-fired power unit converts a portion of its power output into hydrogen production load, thereby absorbing surplus electricity. After operating at the target hydrogen production power, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit produces hydrogen, which then enters the hydrogen purification and compression unit. The hydrogen purification and compression unit removes water, dries, and removes impurities from the hydrogen produced by electrolysis, and compresses the purified hydrogen to the inlet pressure of the hydrogen storage unit. The purified and compressed hydrogen then enters the hydrogen storage unit for storage. The hydrogen storage status monitoring unit updates the hydrogen storage status based on the hydrogen flow rate, storage pressure, storage temperature, and storage quantity entering the storage unit, and feeds the updated status back to the energy management and coordination control unit. At this point, the current control cycle obtains the power allocation results, hydrogen production and storage execution results, and net grid-connected power adjustment results. In the next control cycle, the renewable energy output forecast data indicates a decrease in renewable energy output, while the grid load forecast data indicates an increase in grid load, with the grid-connected power demand increasing from 420MW to 455MW. The energy management and coordination control unit re-executes the operation scenario determination based on the updated operation forecast parameters, grid-connected demand parameters, and hydrogen production and storage status parameters. Due to the increased grid-connected power demand, the current operation scenario is determined as a priority power supply scenario. Under the priority power supply scenario, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the reduction in hydrogen production load based on the grid-connected power demand and the unit's power supply capacity.Currently, the steam turbine generator set outputs 480MW, while the target net on-grid power needs to be increased to 455MW. Considering reserve power requirements, the energy management and coordination control unit reduces the target hydrogen production power from 38MW to 5MW. Since 5MW equals the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, the electrolysis hydrogen production unit maintains low-load operation. The electrical power released after the hydrogen production load reduction is output to the grid via the grid connection unit, increasing the net on-grid power and thus meeting the grid connection power demand when the grid load increases.

[0058] Specifically, in another control cycle, if the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit reports that the hydrogen storage pressure is close to the hydrogen storage limit, or the hydrogen purification and compression unit reports that the hydrogen processing capacity has decreased, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the current operating scenario as a hydrogen-limited scenario. In a hydrogen-limited scenario, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the hydrogen production power limit value based on the hydrogen storage status or hydrogen processing status. When the hydrogen production power limit value is lower than the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, the energy management and coordination control unit controls the electrolysis hydrogen production unit to stop hydrogen production or enter standby mode, and reallocates the electrical power originally allocated to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit to the grid-connected unit to increase net grid-connected power or maintain the stable operation of coal-fired power units. When the new energy output forecast data, grid load forecast data, and hydrogen storage status are all within the corresponding set operating range, the energy management and coordination control unit determines the current operating scenario as a normal coordinated operating scenario. Under normal coordinated operation scenarios, the energy management and coordination control unit makes slight adjustments to the hydrogen production power and grid-connected power based on grid load fluctuations, changes in new energy output, and hydrogen storage status, so that the hydrogen production power does not exceed the allowable hydrogen production power, hydrogen storage constraint power, and hydrogen processing constraint power, and the net grid-connected power meets the grid-connected power requirements; in step S4, the energy management and coordination control unit feeds back and corrects the target hydrogen production power, net grid-connected power, and operation scenario judgment conditions for the next control cycle based on the power allocation results, hydrogen production and storage execution results, net grid-connected power adjustment results, unit status parameters, and operation prediction parameters for the next control cycle. Specifically, when the actual grid-connected power is lower than the net grid-connected power, the energy management and coordination control unit reduces the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle or increases the grid-connected power control command; when the actual hydrogen production power is lower than the target hydrogen production power, the energy management and coordination control unit corrects the hydrogen production power control command for the next control cycle based on the power response deviation; when the hydrogen storage status is close to the hydrogen storage limit conditions, the energy management and coordination control unit reduces the target hydrogen production power for the next control cycle or corrects the operating scenario for the next control cycle to a hydrogen storage-limited scenario. As can be seen from the above embodiments, this method does not simply configure coal-fired power units and electrolytic hydrogen production units in parallel, but rather treats the electrolytic hydrogen production unit as a flexible and controllable load on the power generation side, dynamically adjusting the hydrogen production power and net grid-connected power based on new energy output forecasts, grid load forecasts, grid-connected power demand, unit operating boundary parameters, and hydrogen production and storage status parameters. When the output of new energy sources increases or the grid load decreases, the hydrogen production load is increased to absorb the surplus power; when the grid load increases or hydrogen storage is limited, the hydrogen production load is reduced or stopped to increase the net on-grid power, thus forming a closed-loop control process of coal-fired power generation, power distribution, electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen purification and compression, hydrogen storage status feedback and correction for the next control cycle.

[0059] In summary, this embodiment has at least the following technical effects: This invention uses the electrolysis hydrogen production unit as a flexible and controllable load on the power generation side of a coal-fired power unit. The energy management and coordination control unit dynamically determines the operating scenario based on the operation prediction parameters, unit status parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, and grid connection demand parameters, and adjusts the hydrogen production power and net grid connection power accordingly. This allows the coal-fired power unit to no longer rely solely on the boiler and turbine body to deeply reduce load to participate in peak shaving, thus improving the unit's flexible operation capability. In the scenario of surplus power consumption, this invention determines the target hydrogen production power based on the surplus power consumption, the allowable hydrogen production power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power, and allocates a portion of the output power of the steam turbine generator set to the electrolysis hydrogen production unit. This can absorb surplus power when the output of new energy sources increases or the grid load decreases, thereby reducing the long-term deep load reduction operation time of coal-fired power units. In priority power supply scenarios, this invention reduces or stops the hydrogen production load based on grid connection demand parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, and unit power supply capacity, and reuses the electrical power released after the hydrogen production load is reduced for grid connection output. This can increase net on-grid power when grid load increases or renewable energy output decreases, and enhance the response capability of coal-fired power units to grid load changes. In hydrogen storage-constrained scenarios, this invention limits the target hydrogen production power based on the hydrogen storage or hydrogen processing status. When the target hydrogen production power is lower than the stable operating boundary of hydrogen production, hydrogen production is stopped or the system enters a standby state. This ensures that the electrolytic hydrogen production load is simultaneously constrained by the power-side absorption capacity, hydrogen purification and compression capacity, and hydrogen storage and acceptance capacity, thereby avoiding a mismatch between hydrogen production power and hydrogen processing and storage capacity and improving system operational safety. By electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen purification and compression, and hydrogen storage status update, the surplus electrical power of coal-fired power units under specific operating scenarios is converted into hydrogen energy for storage, expanding the single power generation operation mode of coal-fired power units to a coordinated operation mode of power generation, hydrogen production, and hydrogen storage, thereby improving the diversity of energy utilization forms and the level of comprehensive utilization. By using the power allocation results, hydrogen production and storage execution results, and net grid power adjustment results to correct the target hydrogen production power, net grid power, and operating scenario judgment conditions for the next control cycle, the system can continuously perform closed-loop adjustment based on new energy output, grid load, hydrogen storage status, and hydrogen production response results, thereby improving the coordination and stability of operation control. This invention reduces the need for frequent and significant load changes in coal-fired power units, which helps to reduce boiler combustion instability, main steam parameter fluctuations, reheat steam parameter fluctuations, and thermal stress shocks to key equipment, thereby reducing equipment fatigue damage and operating and maintenance costs. This invention does not require large-scale modifications to coal-fired boilers, steam turbine generator sets, and main steam thermal systems. It achieves flexible operation primarily through power distribution on the power generation side, load regulation of electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen purification, compression and storage, and coordinated control of energy management. The engineering modification boundaries are clear, making it suitable for flexible retrofitting of existing coal-fired power units and the construction of new multi-energy coupled energy systems.

[0060] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the predicted operating parameters, unit status parameters, hydrogen production and storage status parameters, grid connection demand parameters, and unit operating boundary parameters of coal-fired power units; S2: Determine the current operating scenario based on the operation prediction parameters, the hydrogen production and storage status parameters, the grid connection demand parameters, and the unit operation boundary parameters. The current operating scenario includes surplus power consumption scenario, conventional coordinated operation scenario, priority power supply scenario, and hydrogen storage-constrained scenario. S3: Determine the control target based on the current operating scenario; wherein, in the surplus power consumption scenario, determine the target hydrogen production power; in the priority power supply scenario or the hydrogen storage limited scenario, determine the hydrogen production load reduction amount or the hydrogen production stop command; in the normal coordinated operation scenario, determine the coordinated control target of grid connection power and hydrogen production power; S4: Allocate the output power of the steam turbine generator set according to the control target, and execute hydrogen production load control, hydrogen purification and compression and hydrogen storage control to obtain the power allocation result, hydrogen production and storage execution result and net grid power adjustment result; S5: Based on the power allocation result, the hydrogen production and storage execution result, the net grid power adjustment result, the unit status parameters, and the operation prediction parameters for the next control cycle, feedback is provided to correct the target hydrogen production power, the net grid power, and the operation scenario determination conditions for the next control cycle.

2. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operational forecast parameters include new energy output forecast data and grid load forecast data. The unit status parameters include the unit's power supply capacity. The hydrogen production and storage status parameters include the hydrogen production operation status, the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen storage status, and the hydrogen processing status. The grid connection demand parameters include the grid connection power demand.

3. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current operating scenario is determined as follows: when the new energy output forecast data indicates an increase in new energy output and the grid load forecast data indicates a decrease in grid load, or the grid-connected power demand is lower than the output power corresponding to stable unit operation, it is determined as the surplus power consumption scenario; when the new energy output forecast data, the grid load forecast data, and the hydrogen storage status are all within the corresponding set operating range, it is determined as the normal coordinated operation scenario; when the grid load forecast data indicates an increase in grid load, the new energy output forecast data indicates a decrease in new energy output, or the grid-connected power demand increases, it is determined as the priority power supply scenario; and when the hydrogen storage status reaches the hydrogen storage limit condition, or the hydrogen processing status indicates that the hydrogen processing capacity is limited, it is determined as the hydrogen storage limited scenario.

4. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target hydrogen production power is jointly limited by the power consumption margin, the allowable hydrogen production power, the hydrogen storage constraint power, and the hydrogen processing constraint power.

5. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to claim 2, characterized in that, Allocating the output power of the steam turbine generator set includes: generating a hydrogen production power control command based on the target hydrogen production power, generating a grid connection power control command based on the output power of the steam turbine generator set, the target hydrogen production power, and the grid connection power demand, and adjusting the hydrogen production power and net grid connection power respectively.

6. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen purification and compression, and hydrogen storage control include: obtaining the actual hydrogen production power and actual hydrogen production flow rate; purifying the hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production and compressing it to the hydrogen storage inlet pressure; and updating the hydrogen storage state based on at least one of the hydrogen flow rate entering the hydrogen storage unit, hydrogen storage pressure, hydrogen storage temperature, and hydrogen storage quantity.

7. The flexible operation method for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in coal-fired power units according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, Determining the reduction amount of hydrogen production load or the instruction to stop hydrogen production includes: in the priority power supply scenario, reducing the target hydrogen production power according to the grid-connected power demand and the unit's power supply capacity; in the hydrogen storage-constrained scenario, limiting the target hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen storage status or the hydrogen processing status; and when the reduced target hydrogen production power is lower than the minimum stable operating power of the electrolysis hydrogen production unit, controlling the electrolysis hydrogen production unit to stop hydrogen production or enter a standby state.

8. A flexible operation system for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit, characterized in that, include: A coal-fired power generation unit includes a coal-fired boiler and a steam turbine generator set, wherein the coal-fired boiler and the steam turbine generator set are connected by a steam pipeline; The grid connection unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set and is used to transmit at least a portion of the generated power output to the power grid. An electrolysis hydrogen production unit is connected to the power output terminal of the steam turbine generator set or the plant power bus, and is used to receive at least part of the power output of the generator set and perform electrolysis hydrogen production. A hydrogen purification and compression unit is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production unit and is used to purify and compress the hydrogen produced by electrolytic hydrogen production. A hydrogen storage unit, connected to the hydrogen purification and compression unit, is used to store purified and compressed hydrogen. The predictive monitoring unit is communicatively connected to the coal-fired power generation unit, the grid-connected unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the energy management and coordination control unit, respectively. It is used to acquire new energy output forecast data, grid load forecast data, grid-connected power demand, unit operating status, and hydrogen storage status, and to send the acquired data to the energy management and coordination control unit. The energy management and coordination control unit is connected to the grid-connected unit, the electrolytic hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen purification and compression unit, the hydrogen storage unit, and the prediction and monitoring unit, respectively. It is used to determine the operating scenario, target hydrogen production power and net grid-connected power based on the new energy output prediction data, the grid load prediction data, the grid-connected power demand, the unit operating status, and the hydrogen storage status, and to control the distribution of the power generation output between grid-connected output and electrolytic hydrogen production.

9. The flexible operation system for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The prediction and monitoring unit includes a new energy output prediction unit, a grid load and unit status monitoring unit, and a hydrogen storage status monitoring unit; the hydrogen purification and compression unit has a hydrogen processing status feedback terminal, the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit is connected to the hydrogen storage unit and has a hydrogen storage status feedback terminal, and the hydrogen processing status feedback terminal and the hydrogen storage status feedback terminal are respectively connected to the energy management and coordination control unit.

10. The flexible operation system for coupled electrolytic hydrogen production in a coal-fired power unit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The energy management and coordination control unit is used to generate grid-connected power control commands and hydrogen production power control commands; the grid-connected unit adjusts the net grid-connected power according to the grid-connected power control commands; the electrolytic hydrogen production unit adjusts the hydrogen production power according to the hydrogen production power control commands; the hydrogen storage status monitoring unit collects the hydrogen storage status of the hydrogen storage unit and feeds back hydrogen storage limitation information to the energy management and coordination control unit.

Images