Aluminum smelting trolley small box fixture electromagnetic safety anti-falling device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic safety anti-falling device for a small box fixture of an aluminum smelting crane, comprising an anode busbar, an anode wrench support frame and an electromagnetic anti-falling assembly, a hook seat for lifting the small box fixture is arranged on the anode busbar, the hook seat is located on both sides of an anode guide rod, the electromagnetic anti-falling assembly comprises an electromagnetic suction accessory and a control module, an installation base plate for installing the electromagnetic suction accessory on the top of the small box fixture is arranged on the anode wrench support frame, the control module is electrically connected with the electromagnetic suction accessory, the control module controls the power-on and power-off of the electromagnetic suction accessory, and the magnetic suction and release on the top of the small box fixture are realized; the present application can avoid the risk of falling of the small box fixture, and change passive anti-falling protection into active anti-falling protection, without manual resetting operation, so as to reduce the labor intensity, and the structure is simple, convenient to install, and suitable for the whole process operation scene of aluminum electrolysis and anode adjustment, so as to improve the safety and operation efficiency of the electrolytic aluminum anode replacement operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrolytic aluminum machinery and equipment, specifically to an electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane. Background Technology

[0002] In modern aluminum industry, small box clamps are common fastening components for anode guide rods in electrolytic production. They are used to fix the anode guide rods to the hook seats of the plant busbar frame. The anode guide rods are consumed as the electrochemical reaction proceeds. After a certain level of consumption, a new anode needs to be replaced. During the entire anode replacement process, the small box clamps need to be frequently tightened, loosened, and moved. Moreover, the small box clamps are suspended in the air with the anode wrench. Due to the vibration caused by the operation of the overhead crane, the small box clamps are very likely to fall from the air and hit the electrolytic cell cover, short circuit, or even personnel working below. This can cause short circuit explosions, cell cover damage, and personnel injuries and other safety accidents, posing a great risk.

[0003] In existing technologies, mechanical anti-detachment devices with anti-detachment plates and hydraulic anti-detachment devices are commonly used. The mechanical anti-detachment device with anti-detachment plates adds an external anti-detachment plate without changing the existing anode wrench mechanism. During machine changing or electrode adjustment operations, when the small box clamp falls off, it is hooked by the anti-detachment plate during its fall, thus preventing the small box clamp from falling further. However, the drawback of this device is that it only plays a protective role after the positioning plate on the anode wrench fails and the small box clamp falls off. It is a passive anti-detachment structure. After it takes effect, the small box clamp still needs to be manually reset, which increases the labor intensity of employees and safety hazards.

[0004] The hydraulic anti-detachment device is a hydraulic clamping arm installed on the anode wrench. As the anode wrench releases the small box clamp, the hydraulic clamping arm automatically presses against both sides of the small box clamp to prevent the clamp from falling off during the movement of the overhead crane. The advantage of this device is that it can automatically prevent the clamp from falling off, reducing the safety hazards of electrode changing operations. However, it also has significant limitations. First, it increases the hydraulic load, and the hydraulic pipelines must be arranged to rise and fall synchronously with the anode wrench, which is difficult to implement. Second, during the electrode changing operation, the anode wrench is close to the electrode changing liquid surface of the electrolytic cell and is directly exposed to high temperature baking. Once hydraulic oil leakage occurs, the risk is extremely high.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an anti-detachment device that can avoid the risk of small box clamps falling from the air, abandon the passive protection mode, realize active anti-detachment protection throughout the operation, eliminate the need for manual reset operation, effectively reduce the intensity of manual labor, eliminate the need for additional hydraulic structures and supporting pipelines, and have the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, reliable protection, and strong adaptability. It is suitable for the entire process of aluminum electrolysis anode replacement and adjustment, and improves the safety and efficiency of electrolytic aluminum anode replacement operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to provide an electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting overhead crane. This device avoids the risk of the small box clamp falling from the air, abandons the passive protection mode, and achieves active anti-detachment protection throughout the operation. It eliminates the need for manual reset operation, effectively reduces the intensity of manual labor, and eliminates the need for additional hydraulic structures and supporting pipelines. It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, reliable protection, and strong adaptability. It is suitable for the entire process of aluminum electrolysis anode replacement and adjustment, and improves the safety and efficiency of anode replacement operations in aluminum electrolysis.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for a small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane, comprising an anode busbar, an anode wrench support frame, and an electromagnetic anti-detachment component. The anode busbar is provided with hook seats for supporting the small box clamp, and the hook seats are located on both sides of the anode guide rod. The electromagnetic anti-detachment component includes an electromagnetic adsorption component and a control module. The anode wrench support frame is provided with an installation base plate for installing the electromagnetic adsorption component on the top of the small box clamp. The control module is electrically connected to the electromagnetic adsorption component. The control module achieves magnetic attraction and release of the top of the small box clamp by controlling the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic adsorption component.

[0008] Furthermore, the box clamp includes a first clamping arm, a second clamping arm, and a clamping shaft. The second clamping arm is fitted inside the first clamping arm. There are two sets of four first and second clamping arms. The clamping shaft passes through the two sets of first and second clamping arms.

[0009] Furthermore, clamping beams are provided between the two first clamping arms and between the two second clamping arms, and fixed shafts are provided at both ends of the two clamping beams to connect with the first clamping arms and the second clamping arms, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, two clamping beams are connected by lead screws, which have a first threaded section and a second threaded section. The first threaded section and the second threaded section have opposite thread directions. The first threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam on the first clamping arm, and the second threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam on the second clamping arm. The lead screw can be rotated by a screw head, thereby causing the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to rotate in opposite directions around the clamping axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the anode wrench support frame is provided with positioning plates on both sides, and positioning grooves are provided on the positioning plates for positioning and clamping the end of the shaft. The hook seat on the same side as the positioning plate is set close to the small box clamp.

[0012] Furthermore, the anode wrench support frame is equipped with a power supply for the electromagnetic adsorption component. The electromagnetic adsorption component, the power supply, and the control module are all connected by cables, and the cables are integrated and laid with cable drag chains.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary anti-disengagement plate installed on the anode wrench support frame. The auxiliary anti-disengagement plate is L-shaped and has a rotating end and a working end. The anode wrench support frame is provided with a rotating shaft. The rotating end of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the working end of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate can rotate around the rotating shaft until it is engaged between the two clamping beams.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: The use of electromagnetic adsorption components to adsorb the top of the small box clamps through power-up achieves active locking throughout the process. Unlike the passive interception and protection of traditional anti-detachment plates, this solution eliminates the problem of small box clamps falling off during crane vibration, movement, and lifting. It also eliminates the safety hazards of clamps falling and hitting the duct cover, short circuits, or injuring personnel, resulting in higher protection reliability.

[0015] The entire system eliminates the need for hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pipelines, and hydraulic oil, thus avoiding the risks of hydraulic oil leakage, fire, and explosion under the high-temperature baking of the electrolytic cell. This simplifies the equipment structure and reduces the cost of subsequent pipeline maintenance and hydraulic oil replacement. Installation and modification do not require alteration of the original anode wrench's main structure, making it compatible with the vast majority of existing aluminum smelting overhead crane anode switching equipment.

[0016] The locking and releasing of the clamp can be completed by controlling the electromagnetic adsorption component to turn on and off. Unlocking the clamp only requires power off, and there is no need for manual reset of the fallen clamp. This greatly reduces the frequency of manual operation in high-altitude and high-risk areas around electrolytic cells, and reduces the labor intensity and secondary safety risks of operators.

[0017] The matching cable drag chain integrates and stores all power supply and control cables. When the anode wrench is raised, lowered, or moved, the cables are bent and stored in an orderly manner, avoiding cable pulling, wear, scratches, damage, and leakage, thus improving the service life of the electrical system and electrical safety.

[0018] An L-shaped rotatable auxiliary anti-detachment buckle plate is set up as a mechanical bottom protection, forming a dual protection system with electromagnetic adsorption. In extreme working conditions, when the electromagnetic adsorption fails, the buckle plate can mechanically limit and clamp the beam, forming a second anti-detachment barrier, further improving the safety redundancy of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention; The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Anode wrench support frame; 2. Anode main busbar; 3. Hook seat; 4. Anode guide rod; 5. Electromagnetic adsorption component; 6. Mounting base plate; 7. First clamping arm; 8. Second clamping arm; 9. Clamping shaft; 10. Clamping beam; 11. Fixed shaft; 12. Lead screw; 13. Tightening head; 14. Positioning plate; 15. Positioning groove; 16. Auxiliary anti-disengagement plate; 17. Rotating end; 18. Working end; 19. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown, Figure 1 The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane shown includes an anode busbar 2, an anode wrench support frame 1, and an electromagnetic anti-detachment component. The assembly of the anode busbar 2 and the anode guide rod 4 is a conventional installation structure, which can be seen in the attached patent (publication number: CN205077158U). Figure 1 The illustration is not repeated here. The anode busbar 2 is equipped with a hook seat 3 for supporting the small box clamp. The hook seat 3 is located on both sides of the anode guide rod 4. During the pole changing operation, the small box clamp can be placed on the hook seat 3 to complete the locking operation of the anode guide rod 4. The electromagnetic anti-detachment component includes an electromagnetic adsorption element 5 and a control module. The anode wrench support frame 1 has a mounting base plate 6 for installing the electromagnetic adsorption element 5 on top of the small box clamp. The control module is electrically connected to the electromagnetic adsorption element 5 (forming an electrical control circuit through wiring). During the operation and transfer of the small box clamp, the control module outputs a power signal, and the electromagnetic adsorption element 5 generates a strong magnetic force to firmly adsorb the top of the small box clamp, locking the clamp below the anode wrench support frame 1. When it is necessary to release the small box clamp, the control module cuts off the power supply, and the magnetic force of the electromagnetic adsorption element 5 disappears, transforming the existing passive anti-detachment structure into an active anti-detachment structure, which can avoid the risk of falling in advance. This structure adds an electromagnetic adsorption active locking mechanism, relying on the space provided by the anode wrench support frame 1 to arrange the mounting base plate 6, without requiring significant modifications to the original equipment. It actively locks the small box clamp throughout the entire process, eliminating the risk of falling during transfer, lifting, and movement operations. Locking and releasing can be completed simply by switching the electrical control on and off. The operation process is simple, the equipment modification workload is small, and it is suitable for the existing aluminum electrolysis overhead crane anode operation conditions.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the small box clamp weighs 15kg to 30kg, with sufficient load safety redundancy to offset the additional loads from the vibration and impact of the crane's movement and lifting, ensuring stable adsorption under dynamic working conditions. The electromagnetic adsorption component 5 is an electromagnet with a load-bearing capacity of 80kg to 120kg. Considering safety and the overall insulation of the crane, a 24V DC power supply is selected to provide power to the electromagnet, meeting the on-board insulation safety specifications. The control module can be integrated into the remote control or touch screen of the existing electrolytic multifunctional crane for convenient operation.

[0024] In this embodiment, the small box clamp includes a first clamping arm 7, a second clamping arm 8, and a clamping shaft 9. The second clamping arm 8 is fitted inside the first clamping arm 7. There are two sets of the first clamping arms 7 and the second clamping arms 8, totaling four. The clamping shaft 9 passes through the two sets of the first clamping arms 7 and the second clamping arms 8. The two sets of the first clamping arms 7 and the two sets of the second clamping arms 8 are symmetrically arranged to form a four-arm clamping structure. The clamping shaft 9 passes laterally through all four sets of clamping arms, and all clamping arms can rotate and swing synchronously around the clamping shaft 9. During operation, the four sets of clamping arms synchronously close or open to achieve clamping or disengagement of the anode guide rod 4.

[0025] In this embodiment, clamping beams 10 are provided between the two first clamping arms 7 and between the two second clamping arms 8, and fixed shafts 11 connected to the first clamping arms 7 and the second clamping arms 8 are provided at both ends of the two clamping beams 10, respectively. The two clamping beams 10 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart to form a rigid connecting frame on the upper part of the small box clamp. A gap is reserved between the two parallel clamping beams 10, which not only provides installation space for the screw 12 transmission, but also provides a locking position for the subsequent auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16.

[0026] In this embodiment, two clamping beams 10 are connected by a lead screw 12. The lead screw 12 is provided with a first threaded section and a second threaded section. The threads of the first threaded section and the second threaded section are in opposite directions. The first threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam 10 on the first clamping arm 7, and the second threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam 10 on the second clamping arm 8. The lead screw 12 can be driven to rotate by the screw head 13, thereby driving the first clamping arm 7 and the second clamping arm 8 to rotate in opposite directions around the clamping shaft 9. The lead screw 12 with both positive and negative threaded sections can synchronously drive the clamping beams 10 on both sides to move in opposite directions with a single rotation. It has high operating efficiency, small structural volume, and can be adapted to the narrow installation gap between the two clamping beams 10. It does not occupy the adsorption area on the top of the clamp and does not affect the adhesion and adsorption of the electromagnetic adsorption component 5.

[0027] In this embodiment, positioning plates 14 are provided on both sides of the anode wrench support frame 1. Positioning slots 15 are provided on the positioning plates 14, with the openings of the positioning slots 15 facing the small box clamp. During operation, the two ends of the clamping shaft 9 are respectively embedded into the two positioning slots 15 to complete radial limiting. The hook seat 3 on the same side as the positioning plates 14 is set close to the small box clamp. The two positioning plates 14 clamp the ends of the clamping shaft 9 through the positioning slots 15, limiting the horizontal displacement of the clamp, and forming a two-way limiting with the top electromagnetic adsorption. The hook seat 3 is arranged on the same side, so that the clamp can be accurately placed in the lifting position of the hook seat 3 after being lowered, making alignment convenient. The two-way limiting prevents the small box clamp from shifting left or right when it moves horizontally or when the crane moves laterally or when it starts and stops. The magnetic locking of the electromagnetic adsorption is stable, and the lowered clamp is accurately aligned, reducing manual adjustment steps.

[0028] In this embodiment, the anode wrench support frame 1 is equipped with a power supply for the electromagnetic adsorption component 5. The electromagnetic adsorption component 5, the power supply, and the control module are all connected by cables, and the cables are integrated and laid in a cable drag chain. The power supply is integrated and fixed on the anode wrench support frame 1. In a preferred embodiment, the power supply and the electromagnetic adsorption component 5 are set together on the mounting base plate 6 (not shown in the figure). The power supply is an independent power source for the electromagnetic adsorption component 5. The electromagnetic adsorption component 5, the power supply, and the control module are all connected by cables to transmit power and control signals. All cables are uniformly stored and laid inside the cable drag chain. The cable drag chain moves up, down, and swings synchronously with the anode wrench support frame 1. Because the high temperature and dusty environment of the electrolysis workshop makes exposed cables prone to wear, short circuits, and leakage, and scattered wiring is messy and prone to pulling and breaking, the independent power supply does not need to be connected to the workshop busbar for power, and the operation is not limited by the wiring distance. The cable drag chain forms a protective constraint on the cable and is suitable for the reciprocating motion of the anode wrench.

[0029] In this embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, it also includes an auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 mounted on the anode wrench support frame 1. The auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 is L-shaped and has a rotating end 17 and a working end 18. The anode wrench support frame 1 has a rotating shaft 19. The rotating end 17 of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft 19. The working end 18 of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 can rotate around the rotating shaft 19 until it is engaged between the two clamping beams 10. During normal electromagnetic adsorption operation, the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 rotates under its own gravity, and the working end 18 rotates into the gap between the two clamping beams 10. The working end 18 is engaged between the two clamping beams 10 to form a mechanical lifting limit. The auxiliary anti-disengagement plate 16 is an existing anti-disengagement structure. For details of the specific structure and working process, please refer to the existing patents (publication numbers: CN209440030U, CN219136959U, etc.), which will not be repeated here.

[0030] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for a small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane, characterized in that: The device includes an anode busbar, an anode wrench support frame, and an electromagnetic anti-detachment component. The anode busbar is equipped with hooks for supporting the small box clamp, which are located on both sides of the anode guide rod. The small box clamp includes a first clamping arm, a second clamping arm, and a clamping shaft. The second clamping arm is fitted inside the first clamping arm. There are two sets of four first and second clamping arms. The clamping shaft passes through the two sets of first and second clamping arms. The electromagnetic anti-detachment component includes an electromagnetic adsorption element and a control module. The anode wrench support frame is equipped with a mounting base plate for installing the electromagnetic adsorption element on the top of the small box clamp. The control module is electrically connected to the electromagnetic adsorption element. The control module controls the energization and de-energization of the electromagnetic adsorption element to achieve magnetic attraction and release of the top of the small box clamp.

2. The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Clamping beams are provided between the two first clamping arms and between the two second clamping arms, and fixed shafts are provided at both ends of the two clamping beams to connect with the first clamping arms and the second clamping arms, respectively.

3. The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two clamping beams are connected by a lead screw, which has a first threaded section and a second threaded section. The threads of the first threaded section and the second threaded section are in opposite directions. The first threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam on the first clamping arm, and the second threaded section is threadedly connected to the clamping beam on the second clamping arm. The lead screw can be rotated by a screw head, thereby causing the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to rotate in opposite directions around the clamping axis.

4. The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anode wrench support frame has positioning plates on both sides, and positioning grooves are opened on the positioning plates for positioning and clamping the end of the shaft. The hook seat on the same side as the positioning plate is set close to the small box clamp.

5. The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anode wrench support frame is equipped with a power supply for the electromagnetic adsorption component. The electromagnetic adsorption component, the power supply, and the control module are all connected by cables, and the cables are integrated and laid with cable drag chains.

6. The electromagnetic safety anti-detachment device for the small box clamp of an aluminum smelting crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary anti-disengagement plate installed on the anode wrench support frame. The auxiliary anti-disengagement plate is L-shaped and has a rotating end and a working end. The anode wrench support frame is equipped with a rotating shaft. The rotating end of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the working end of the auxiliary anti-disengagement plate can rotate around the rotating shaft until it is engaged between the two clamping beams.

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