Adjustable spliced assembly type frame slab ballastless track structure and adjustment method

Abstract

The application provides an adjustable spliced assembly type frame plate ballastless track structure and an adjusting method. The structure comprises a track plate adopting a frame plate type structure, a base, a pair of symmetrically arranged prefabricated adjusting blocks between the base and the track plate, a prefabricated concrete pad and a preset jacking screw. The base is provided with a base plate boss and a base plate groove on the lateral sides, the prefabricated adjusting block comprises an adjusting block groove, an adjusting block lower boss and an adjusting block upper boss, and is embedded with the base plate groove, the base plate boss and the track plate side groove to form a detachable self-locking embedded stress system. The preset jacking screw vertically penetrates through the frame opening, the bottom end screw pedestal abuts against the prefabricated concrete pad, the temporary jacking of the track plate is realized through the rotating screw, and the vertical lifting and lateral deviation correction can be realized by additionally adding the pad concrete plate and replacing the size and height or shape of the prefabricated adjusting block. The application has the advantages of high prefabrication, simple construction, no damage to the main structure and good stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of track engineering technology, specifically relating to an adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure and adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Ballastless track, due to its advantages such as good structural stability, strong ability to maintain track geometry and position, and low workload for operation and maintenance, has been widely used in high-speed railways, intercity railways, and urban rail transit projects. Existing ballastless track typically includes components such as track slabs, bases, support layers or adjustment layers, fastener structures, and rails, forming an integral track bed structure system to ensure track smoothness and long-term service performance.

[0003] However, under conditions such as weak foundations and active fault zones, the track substructure may experience significant settlement, lateral displacement, or uneven deformation. Existing ballastless track systems primarily rely on fastener structures for track geometry adjustment, which has a limited adjustment range. When foundation deformation exceeds the fastener adjustment capacity, repairs often require methods such as drilling and grouting, cutting and lifting slabs, chiseling and recasting, or partial replacement, which presents problems such as long construction periods and difficulty in controlling adjustment accuracy and construction quality.

[0004] Furthermore, track bed adjustment operations in traditional ballastless track systems typically involve direct action on major load-bearing components such as the track slab, base, or support layer, potentially causing secondary damage to the existing structure and negatively impacting long-term maintenance during operation. For mountainous railway lines where emergency repairs are difficult or for operational lines with extremely limited repair time, traditional maintenance methods are insufficient to meet the urgent needs for rapid dismantling, adjustment, and restoration of operation.

[0005] While some existing adjustable ballastless track structures achieve a certain degree of rapid adjustment through structural designs such as pads, supports, and grouting layers, they still have the following shortcomings: First, some structures only have unidirectional adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve vertical adjustment and lateral correction; second, the adjustment process of some structures still requires some on-site pouring or grouting work, resulting in a low degree of prefabrication and standardization, which is not conducive to mass production and rapid replacement, and construction efficiency and quality are greatly affected by on-site conditions; third, some structures lack a reliable self-locking and limiting mechanism, which may affect the long-term service stability after adjustment.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new adjustable, spliced, prefabricated frame slab ballastless track structure to differentiate the main load-bearing function and the operational adjustment function of the track structure. Through prefabricated adjustment blocks, prefabricated concrete pads, pre-installed jacking screws and screw bases, rapid jacking, disassembly, replacement and repositioning can be achieved, thereby meeting the requirements of rapid adjustment and long-term stable service of the track structure under large foundation deformation conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an adjustable, modular, frame-type ballastless track structure and adjustment method. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: The first aspect of this invention provides an adjustable, modular, frame-plate ballastless track structure, comprising: The track slab (100) adopts a frame plate structure. The track slab (100) has a frame opening (140) arranged along the track extension direction in the middle. The track slab (100) has symmetrical track plate side grooves (130) on both sides of the transverse direction. The base (300) is located below the track plate (100), and the base (300) has a base plate boss (310) and a base plate groove (320) on both sides of the horizontal direction. Prefabricated adjustment blocks (200) are symmetrically arranged in pairs between the base (300) and the track plate (100). The prefabricated adjustment block (200) includes an adjustment block groove (230), an adjustment block lower boss (240), and an adjustment block upper boss (250). The adjustment block lower boss (240) is fitted with the base plate groove (320), the adjustment block groove (230) is fitted with the base plate boss (310), and the adjustment block upper boss (250) is fitted with the track plate side groove (130), so that a detachable self-locking fitting force system is formed between the base (300), the prefabricated adjustment block (200), and the track plate (100). A precast concrete pad (210) is placed below the track slab (100) and in the stress area near the frame opening (140); A pre-installed lifting screw (220) is vertically inserted through the frame opening (140). A screw base (221) is provided at the bottom of the pre-installed lifting screw (220). The screw base (221) abuts against the precast concrete pad (210) so that the track slab (100) can be temporarily lifted by rotating the pre-installed lifting screw (220).

[0008] Furthermore, the base (300) is a prestressed reinforced concrete structure; the base plate boss (310) and the base plate groove (320) are arranged continuously or intermittently along the track extension direction.

[0009] Furthermore, an isolation layer is provided in the contact area between the base (300) and the precast adjustment block (200), and / or between the track plate (100) and the precast adjustment block (200) and the precast concrete pad (210).

[0010] Furthermore, the isolation layer is a geomembrane or geotextile.

[0011] Furthermore, a frame opening filler for filling the frame opening (140) is provided inside the frame opening (140). Furthermore, the frame opening filler is a composite concrete inorganic cover plate that can be detachably installed inside the frame opening (140), or bagged self-compacting concrete that is filled inside the frame opening (140).

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure also includes a pad concrete slab (211) set below the precast concrete pad slab (210); the precast adjustment block (200) is replaced by a precast adjustment block with increased vertical height according to the track settlement.

[0013] Furthermore, the prefabricated adjustment block (200) is replaced with a shape and position adjustment prefabricated adjustment block for linear correction based on the lateral deviation of the track. The upper boss (250) of the shape and position adjustment prefabricated adjustment block has a preset lateral offset or shape and position deviation relative to its lower boss (240).

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure also includes a fastener structure (120) installed on the track plate (100) and a rail (110) fixed to the track plate (100) by the fastener structure (120); a precast concrete pad (210) is arranged in the area directly below the rail (110).

[0015] In another aspect, the present invention provides an adjustment method for an adjustable spliced ​​prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure as described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1. Remove the cover plate inside the frame opening (140) of the track plate (100) or remove foreign objects inside the frame opening (140); S2. Rotate the pre-set lifting screw (220) clockwise, and use the screw base (221) to apply lifting force to the precast concrete pad (210), which will temporarily lift the track plate (100) as a whole until the side groove (130) of the track plate is completely separated from the upper boss (250) of the adjustment block (200). S3. Based on the detection results of the track geometric deviation, perform vertical lifting adjustment and / or lateral correction adjustment: If vertical lifting adjustment is performed, add a shim concrete plate (211) below the precast concrete pad (210) and replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block with increased dimensions; if lateral correction adjustment is performed, replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block with a preset lateral offset; if both vertical lifting and lateral correction adjustment are performed, add a shim concrete plate (211) below the precast concrete pad (210) and replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block (200) that has both increased dimensions and adjustment functions. S4. Rotate the pre-set lifting screw (220) counterclockwise to make the track plate (100) fall back to its original position until the groove (130) on the side of the track plate re-fits the upper boss (250) of the adjustment block of the replaced prefabricated adjustment block (200). S5. After fine-tuning the alignment of the rail (110) using the fastener structure (120) on the track plate (100), check the smoothness of the track. If it passes the test, reinstall the cover plate in the frame opening (140).

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention can simultaneously achieve vertical lifting and lateral correction. By adding a concrete slab and replacing the prefabricated adjustment block with a larger size, track settlement compensation can be achieved. By replacing the prefabricated adjustment block with a shape and position adjustment, lateral alignment correction of the track can be achieved. Both can be completed simultaneously in one lifting process, significantly improving adjustment efficiency.

[0017] This invention separates the load-bearing and adjustment functions of the track structure, and has a high degree of prefabrication and standardization. The base, prefabricated adjustment blocks, prefabricated concrete pads, and additional concrete slabs are all prefabricated in the factory, and the on-site installation quality is controllable. At the same time, the pre-installed jacking screws and screw bases enable rapid temporary jacking during operation. During adjustment, there is no need for large-scale chiseling, drilling and grouting, or on-site re-pouring. The replacement of prefabricated components can be completed simply by rotating the pre-installed jacking screws to temporarily lift the track slab. The construction process is simple.

[0018] This invention employs a boss-groove interlocking structure between the base, prefabricated adjustment blocks, and track plates, so that the components of each layer form a detachable self-locking interlocking structure after assembly. This structure can be further compressed under vertical loads, and under lateral and longitudinal loads, it can be mutually restricted by the corresponding bosses and grooves, resulting in good overall stability and making it less prone to shaking, misalignment, or detachment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the frame-plate ballastless track structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the frame-plate ballastless track structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated adjustment block, concrete pad, and pre-installed lifting screw of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the track slab structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track slab, prefabricated adjustment block, concrete pad, and pre-installed lifting screw of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the heightened and adjusted ballastless track structure of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the ballastless track structure of the present invention in a lateral adjustment state.

[0021] Markings in the diagram: 100, track slab; 110, rail; 120, fastener structure; 130, track slab side groove; 140, frame opening; 200, precast adjusting block; 210, precast concrete pad; 211, reinforced concrete slab; 220, pre-installed lifting screw; 221, screw base; 230, adjusting block groove; 240, adjusting block lower boss; 250, adjusting block upper boss; 300, base; 310, base plate boss; 320, base plate groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides an adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure, including track plate 100, rail 110, fastener structure 120, prefabricated adjustment block 200, prefabricated concrete pad 210, pre-installed lifting screw 220, screw base 221 and base 300.

[0025] Specifically, the base 300 is located below the track slab 100 and is constructed using prestressed reinforced concrete. Optionally, the base 300 can be constructed by on-site casting or prefabricated in a factory and transported to the site for positioning and installation. Figure 3 As shown, base plate bosses 310 and base plate grooves 320 are formed on both sides of the base 300 by casting with a mold. The base plate bosses 310 and base plate grooves 320 are arranged continuously or intermittently along the track extension direction (i.e., longitudinal direction), and their shapes match the bottom shape of the prefabricated adjustment block 200.

[0026] Preferably, an isolation layer is provided in the contact area between the base 300 and the prefabricated adjustment block 200. The isolation layer is a high-density polyethylene geomembrane or a high-performance geotextile. The isolation layer is used to improve the elasticity and contact stability between the contact interface of the base 300 and the prefabricated adjustment block 200, and plays a role in shock absorption, reducing local wear between components and facilitating non-destructive disassembly in the later stage.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the prefabricated adjustment blocks 200 are factory-prefabricated components, arranged symmetrically in pairs on both sides of the track slab 100. Further, each prefabricated adjustment block 200 has an adjustment block groove 230, a lower adjustment block boss 240, and an upper adjustment block boss 250. In the assembled state: the lower adjustment block boss 240 is inserted downwards into the base plate groove 320; the base plate boss 310 is inserted upwards into the adjustment block groove 230; and the upper adjustment block boss 250 is inserted upwards into the track slab side groove 130 located on the side of the track slab 100. Through the above structure, the base 300, the prefabricated adjustment blocks 200, and the track slab 100 form a tightly interlocked and detachable self-locking splicing system in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0028] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the track slab 100 adopts a frame plate structure. The rails 110 are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the track slab 100 via fastener structures 120. Furthermore, symmetrically arranged outward-opening and upward-through track slab side grooves 130 are provided on both transverse sides of the track slab 100, and a rectangular frame opening 140 arranged along the track extension direction is provided in the middle of the track slab 100. The frame opening 140 is used to reduce the weight of the track slab 100, while providing an operating passage for jacking operations during later maintenance and providing space for the pre-installed jacking screws 220 to pass through.

[0029] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the precast concrete pad 210 is horizontally positioned below the track slab 100, specifically directly below the rail 110 and near the stress concentration area of ​​the frame opening 140. The precast concrete pad 210 is used to reinforce the local weak load-bearing area of ​​the frame-type track slab 100 below the rail.

[0030] Optionally, there are two pre-installed lifting screws 220, which symmetrically and vertically pass through the frame opening 140. Further, a screw base 221 is provided at the lower part of the pre-installed lifting screws 220. The screw base 221 is disc-shaped and its flat bottom surface is in close contact with the upper surface of the precast concrete pad 210, so that the precast concrete pad 210 serves as a lifting force transmission component during the track fine-tuning and maintenance stage.

[0031] Preferably, to prevent foreign objects from falling in during operation and to improve overall integrity, such as Figure 6 As shown, under normal service conditions, a frame opening filler is detachably installed within the frame opening 140. Optionally, the frame opening filler can be a composite concrete inorganic cover plate. As another optional implementation, bagged self-compacting concrete can also be filled on-site. The composite concrete inorganic cover plate used to fill the opening area not only enhances the integrity and durability of the track slab 100 but also forms a continuous planar passage in the middle of the track, facilitating track inspection operations by operation and maintenance personnel or enabling safe evacuation of personnel in emergency situations.

[0032] During normal operation, when a train passes over this ballastless track structure, the force transmission paths of the train's vertical and horizontal loads are as follows: First, the vertical and horizontal loads are borne by the rail 110 and transmitted vertically downward to the track slab 100 through the fastener structure 120. Secondly, through the lateral contact and vertical pressing action between the side groove 130 of the track plate and the upper boss 250 of the adjustment block, the load is transferred to the prefabricated adjustment blocks 200 on both sides of the lateral direction. Finally, by adjusting the multiple staggered interlocking relationships between the lower boss 240 of the adjustment block, the groove 230 of the adjustment block, the groove 320 of the base plate, and the boss 310 of the base plate, all longitudinal, lateral, and vertical loads are evenly transferred to the base 300 and the foundation below.

[0033] Under this stress state, due to the multiple self-locking interlocking effects of the convex and concave grooves, the overall structure becomes tighter and tighter, and there is no relative slippage, misalignment or shaking between the assembled components, thus ensuring extremely high structural integrity and stress stability.

[0034] When the track structure experiences vertical settlement and / or lateral shift during long-term operation due to factors such as roadbed settlement, tunnel deformation, or geological disasters, this invention can achieve multi-dimensional and precise adjustment of elevation and lateral alignment. The specific adjustment method is as follows: 1. Track elevation compensation (vertical lift) When foundation settlement occurs and track elevation needs to be compensated upwards, such as Figure 7 As shown: Disassembly and cleaning: First, remove the composite concrete inorganic cover plate installed in the frame opening 140 or clean the filling material inside it to expose the pre-installed lifting screw 220 and screw base 221. Lifting and Separation: Using a mechanical torque device, rotate the pre-set lifting screw 220 clockwise. As the screw base 221 presses against the precast concrete pad 210 below, the reaction force pushes the track slab 100 vertically upward. The track slab 100 is temporarily raised to the preset height, causing the side groove 130 of the track slab to completely detach upward from the upper boss 250 of the precast adjustment block 200. Adding and replacing components: Add a shim concrete slab 211 of corresponding thickness below the suspended precast concrete slab 210, and pull out the original precast adjustment blocks 200 on both sides laterally and replace them with precast adjustment blocks with corresponding vertical height increase dimensions. Reset self-locking: Rotate the preset lifting screw 220 counterclockwise so that the track slab 100 falls steadily by its own weight. After falling, the side groove 130 of the track slab re-locks onto the upper boss 250 of the adjustment block after the size has been increased, so as to achieve the overall permanent elevation of the track slab 100. Resumption of traffic: The rail 110 is finely aligned using the fastener structure 120 on the track slab 100. After the track is re-measured and found to be qualified using track measuring equipment, the composite concrete inorganic cover plate is detachably fixed into the frame opening 140.

[0035] 2. Track alignment correction (lateral adjustment) When lateral track deviation occurs and lateral alignment correction is required, such as Figure 8 As shown: Lifting and disengaging: Following the above lifting steps, rotate the pre-set lifting screw 220 clockwise to temporarily lift the track 100 as a whole upward, so that the side groove 130 of the track 100 separates from the prefabricated adjustment block 200. Replacement of form and position components: Remove the original standard prefabricated adjustment blocks on both sides and replace them with prefabricated form and position adjustment blocks. Furthermore, the special feature of the prefabricated form and position adjustment blocks is that the upper boss 250 of the top adjustment block has a preset lateral offset or form and position change parameter that is precisely prepared according to the correction design value in the lateral direction relative to the lower boss 240 of the bottom adjustment block; Lowering and Aligning: Rotate the pre-set lifting screw 220 counterclockwise to lower the track slab 100. During the lowering process, the side groove 130 of the track slab is guided and forcibly constrained by the offset boss on the pre-made adjustment block for shape and position adjustment, which forces the track slab 100 to move a corresponding distance in the lateral direction of correction and re-form a tight fit and lock. Locking and Restoration: The rail 110 is finely aligned using the fastener structure 120 on the track slab 100, the track smoothness is checked, and the frame opening 140 is restored to its original coverage after the shape and position correction is completed.

[0036] 3. Vertical and lateral coordinated adjustment As another alternative implementation, when the ballastless track structure experiences both foundation settlement and lateral offset, the present invention can simultaneously complete multi-dimensional adjustments through a single jacking operation: (1) The track plate 100 is lifted into place in one go by rotating the pre-set lifting screw 220; (2) A reinforced concrete slab 211 is added below the precast concrete slab 210; (3) At the same time, the original prefabricated adjustment blocks are replaced with customized prefabricated adjustment blocks that have both size increase and lateral offset shape and position adjustment functions; (4) Unified repositioning of the track slabs, that is, the settlement and misalignment of the track are solved simultaneously within the same operation and maintenance window, which significantly shortens the construction window time and improves the efficiency of maintenance operations.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reinforced concrete slab 211, the prefabricated adjustment blocks of different sizes and dimensions for heightening, and the prefabricated adjustment blocks for shape and position adjustment with different lateral offsets are all prefabricated in the factory with high precision after the track geometric deviations are detected on-site using measuring instruments. Optionally, on-site operations only involve mechanical jacking and modular assembly and replacement of components, making construction quality and precision easy to control and perfectly adapting to the engineering requirements of rapid fine-tuning in rail transit.

[0038] The initial construction and installation method of the adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps: S1, Constructing the base: Cast or install the base 300 on site at the construction location. The base 300 adopts a prestressed reinforced concrete structure, and base plate protrusions 310 and base plate grooves 320 are formed on both sides of the base 300 by casting with molds. Optionally, a geomembrane or geotextile is laid as an isolation layer in the contact area between the base 300 and the prefabricated adjustment block 200. S2, Install prefabricated adjustment blocks: Install prefabricated adjustment blocks 200 in pairs symmetrically on both sides of the base 300, so that the lower boss 240 of the adjustment block is embedded in the groove 320 of the base plate, and the groove 230 of the adjustment block is engaged with the boss 310 of the base plate, forming a self-locking engagement structure between the base 300 and the prefabricated adjustment blocks 200. S3, Install precast concrete pads and pre-installed lifting screws and screw bases: Install the precast concrete pads 210 at the corresponding position below the track slab 100, that is, in the stress area directly below the rail 110, and make the screw bases 221 tightly abut against the upper surface of the precast concrete pads 210. The pre-installed lifting screws 220 are vertically connected to the screw bases 221. S4, Install the track slab: Hoist the frame-type track slab 100 above the prefabricated adjustment block 200, so that the side groove 130 of the track slab engages with the upper boss 250 of the adjustment block of the prefabricated adjustment block 200, and make the pre-placed lifting screw 220 pass through the frame opening 140 of the track slab 100; Optionally, a geomembrane or geotextile is laid as an isolation layer in the contact area between the track slab 100 and the prefabricated adjustment block 200 and the prefabricated concrete pad 210. S5, Install rails and fastener structure: Install fastener structure 120 on track slab 100, and fix and fine-tune rails 110 through fastener structure 120 to complete the initial assembly of track structure. After installation, use track measuring equipment to detect the initial track geometry and position to ensure that the elevation, gauge, etc. of rails 110 meet the smoothness requirements.

[0039] In another optional embodiment, the base 300 is a factory-prefabricated C50 concrete base plate. The base plate bosses 310 and grooves 320 are arranged longitudinally at intervals. Preferably, each base plate has four sets of bosses and grooves arranged in a rectangular array. Preferably, the contact interface between the base 300 and the prefabricated adjustment block 200 is covered with a 6mm thick polyurethane elastic pad as an isolation layer, providing superior track sound absorption and noise reduction, as well as high-frequency elastic damping performance, suitable for noise-sensitive urban rail transit underground tunnel sections. Optionally, the frame opening 140 is filled on-site with bagged self-compacting concrete as filler, allowing for direct lifting or rapid dismantling during jacking maintenance.

[0040] In another optional embodiment, the number of pre-installed lifting screws 220 is increased to four, symmetrically distributed at the four corner stress points of the frame opening 140. Furthermore, the screws are preferably made of 316L stainless steel with corrosion resistance, suitable for high salt spray and humid environments. Preferably, the precast concrete pad 210 is made of steel fiber reinforced concrete with a compressive strength of not less than 80 MPa. Further, in the case of alignment adjustment where only a single lateral displacement defect occurs, no additional concrete slab 211 is installed below the precast concrete pad 210. Only after rotating the screws to lift, the original precast adjustment block is replaced with a precast adjustment block that only changes the lateral relative position of the upper boss but keeps the total height unchanged. After the slab is lowered and reset, simple lateral alignment correction can be completed.

[0041] For any parts not mentioned in this invention, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0042] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable, modular, prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure, characterized in that, include: The track slab (100) adopts a frame plate structure. The track slab (100) has a frame opening (140) arranged in the middle along the track extension direction. The track slab (100) has symmetrical track plate side grooves (130) on both sides in the transverse direction. The base (300) is located below the track plate (100), and the base (300) has a base plate boss (310) and a base plate groove (320) on both sides in the lateral direction. Prefabricated adjustment blocks (200) are symmetrically arranged in pairs between the base (300) and the track plate (100). Each prefabricated adjustment block (200) includes an adjustment block groove (230), a lower adjustment block boss (240), and an upper adjustment block boss (250). The lower adjustment block boss (240) is engaged with the groove (320) of the base plate, the adjustment block groove (230) is engaged with the boss (310) of the base plate, and the upper adjustment block boss (250) is engaged with the side groove (130) of the track plate, so that a detachable self-locking engagement force system is formed between the base (300), the prefabricated adjustment blocks (200), and the track plate (100). A precast concrete pad (210) is disposed below the track slab (100) and in the stress area near the frame opening (140); A pre-installed lifting screw (220) is vertically inserted through the frame opening (140). The bottom end of the pre-installed lifting screw (220) is provided with a screw base (221). The screw base (221) abuts against the precast concrete pad (210) so that the track slab (100) can be temporarily lifted by rotating the pre-installed lifting screw (220).

2. The adjustable splicing assembly frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (300) is a prestressed reinforced concrete structure; the base plate boss (310) and the base plate groove (320) are arranged continuously or intermittently along the track extension direction.

3. The adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An isolation layer is provided between the base (300) and the prefabricated adjustment block (200), and / or between the track plate (100) and the prefabricated adjustment block (200) and the prefabricated concrete pad (210).

4. The adjustable splicing assembly frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The isolation layer is a geomembrane or geotextile.

5. The adjustable splicing assembly frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame opening (140) is provided with a frame opening filler for filling the frame opening (140).

6. The adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame opening filler is a composite concrete inorganic cover plate that can be detachably installed in the frame opening (140), or bagged self-compacting concrete that is filled in the frame opening (140).

7. The adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reinforced concrete slab (211) disposed below the precast concrete pad (210); the precast adjustment block (200) is a precast adjustment block with increased vertical height according to the track settlement.

8. The adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated adjustment block (200) is a shape and position adjustment prefabricated adjustment block for linear correction based on the lateral deviation of the track. The upper boss (250) of the shape and position adjustment prefabricated adjustment block has a preset lateral offset or shape and position deviation relative to its lower boss (240).

9. The adjustable splicing prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fastening structure (120) installed on the track slab (100) and a rail (110) fixed to the track slab (100) by the fastening structure (120); the precast concrete pad (210) is arranged in the area directly below the rail (110).

10. A method for adjusting an adjustable spliced ​​prefabricated frame plate ballastless track structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Remove the cover plate inside the frame opening (140) of the track plate (100) or remove foreign objects inside the frame opening (140); S2. Rotate the pre-set lifting screw (220) clockwise, and use the screw base (221) to apply lifting force to the precast concrete pad (210), thereby temporarily lifting the track plate (100) as a whole until the side groove (130) of the track plate is completely separated from the upper boss (250) of the adjustment block of the precast adjustment block (200); S3. Based on the detection results of the track geometric deviation, perform vertical lifting adjustment and / or lateral correction adjustment: If vertical lifting adjustment is performed, add a shim concrete plate (211) below the precast concrete pad (210) and replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block with increased dimensions; if lateral correction adjustment is performed, replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block with a preset lateral offset; if both vertical lifting and lateral correction adjustment are performed, add a shim concrete plate (211) below the precast concrete pad (210) and replace the original precast adjustment block (200) with a precast adjustment block (200) that has both increased dimensions and adjustment functions. S4. Rotate the pre-set lifting screw (220) counterclockwise to make the track plate (100) fall back to its original position until the side groove (130) of the track plate re-fits the upper boss (250) of the adjustment block of the replaced prefabricated adjustment block (200). S5. After fine-tuning the alignment of the rail (110) using the fastener structure (120) on the track plate (100), check the smoothness of the track. If it passes the test, reinstall the cover plate in the frame opening (140).

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