Intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated device and a construction method thereof. The device comprises a mobile operation system, an arm support system, a tunneling and slag suction system, a monitoring system and a recyclable system. The tunneling and slag suction system cuts rock-soil bodies through a cutter head, and mudslips the loose rock-soil slag bodies generated during the cutting and pushing, and then sucks and pumps the mudslips into a sedimentation tank. The arm support system delivers the mudslips to the mobile operation system through a hollow mudslip delivery pipe. The mobile operation system delivers the mudslips to the recyclable system through a mudslip discharge pipe. The recyclable system circulates the mudslips carrying the loose rock-soil slag bodies to form regenerated mudslips, and then delivers the regenerated mudslips back to the bottom working surface of the cut foundation pit for tunneling and construction operation, so that the mudslips are recycled. Thus, the highly integrated and intelligent operation system is used to optimize the tunneling and slag discharge process, improve the overall construction efficiency, reduce the comprehensive cost, and effectively control the safety risks in the construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, and more particularly to an intelligent integrated tunneling and slag suction device and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional excavator equipment typically employs a split-system operation, requiring multiple machines to coordinate processes such as excavation, muck removal, and support. This results in cumbersome procedures, low efficiency, and high reliance on manual operation, leading to complex process connections, limited operational efficiency, and environmental problems such as dust and mud spillage during construction. Furthermore, existing equipment lacks adaptability to geological formations, making it difficult to achieve efficient integrated crushing and muck removal operations under varying geological conditions. Mud recycling and solid-liquid separation are inefficient, and loose rock and soil muck is often transported as construction waste, failing to achieve resource recovery and reuse of sand and gravel, thus increasing construction costs and environmental burden.

[0003] As urban underground space development continues to deepen and tunnel engineering becomes more complex, higher demands are being placed on the integration, intelligence, and environmental friendliness of tunneling equipment. In recent years, although some equipment has attempted to be integrated and improved, problems such as weak system synergy and low mud recycling rates have not been fundamentally solved, making it difficult to achieve efficient, green, and safe continuous operation.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the designers of this invention, through dedicated research and design, and by integrating years of experience and achievements in related industries, have researched and designed an intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment and its construction method to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent integrated tunneling and slag removal device and its construction method, which can overcome the defects of the prior art, improve the efficiency of excavation operations, reduce construction costs, and improve safety. Through a highly integrated and intelligent operating system, it optimizes the tunneling and slag removal process, improves the overall construction efficiency, reduces comprehensive costs, and effectively controls safety risks during the construction process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses an intelligent integrated tunneling and slag suction device, comprising a mobile operation system, a boom system, a tunneling and slag suction system, a monitoring system, and a recyclable system, characterized in that: The mobile operation system is connected to the tunneling and slag suction system via a boom system. The tunneling and slag suction system cuts the rock and soil through the front-end cutter head, and at the same time, it slurries the loose rock and soil slag generated during the cutting and advancing process. The slurry is then sucked in and pumped to a sedimentation tank. The boom system includes a mechanical telescopic boom, through which a hollow mud conveying pipe is installed. The mud is conveyed to the mobile operation system through the hollow mud conveying pipe. The mobile operation system transports the mud to a recyclable system via a discharge pipe; The recyclable system recycles the mud carrying loose rock and soil debris to form recycled mud, which is then transported back to the bottom working face of the excavation pit for tunneling operations. This achieves the recycling of mud and constitutes a complete recyclable system.

[0007] The mobile operation system includes a vehicle body system and a power and conveying system. The lower end of the vehicle body system is based on a chassis, and the front end is equipped with a driver's cab. The lower end of the chassis is equipped with tires and a lifting platform. The power and conveying system includes a mud pump located above the chassis. The mud pump has a hydraulic cylinder on the outside of the pump body, and a piston is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The pump body has an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber. The flow channels of the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber are respectively equipped with a one-way intake valve and a one-way exhaust valve to ensure unidirectional mud flow. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is connected to the slurry discharge pipe through a high-pressure quick connector. The intake port of the intake chamber is connected to the hollow mud conveying pipe installed inside the mechanical telescopic boom of the boom system through a telescopic hose, forming a complete mud intake and exhaust passage.

[0008] The tunneling and slag suction system includes a tunneling system, a large particle filtration system, a cleaning system, and a mobile balancing trolley. The tunneling system includes a cutter head rotation device, a drive rod connected to and driven by the cutter head rotation device, and a replaceable and detachable cutter head mechanism. The upper end of the drive rod is connected to the hollow mud conveying pipe, and the lower end is fixedly installed to the cutter head mechanism. The cutter head mechanism has a through flow channel inside, which is connected to the internal cavity of the drive rod, thereby forming a mud conveying channel for conveying mud to the hollow mud conveying pipe. The mobile balancing trolley includes a disc-shaped fixed platform, liftable bearings, and rollers. The fixed platform has a circular hole in the center, which is connected to the drive rod. Multiple liftable bearings are installed at intervals below the fixed platform, and each liftable bearing is connected to a roller. Thus, the level of the fixed platform is ensured by adjusting the height of the liftable bearings, and all rollers are in contact with the ground and the cutter head is cutting.

[0009] The large particle filtration system adopts a double-layer composite grid structure. The outer layer is a heavy-duty fixed grid, which provides structural support and intercepts extra-large drill cuttings. The inner layer is a replaceable wear-resistant filter screen, which is used to further separate fine particles and can be disassembled and replaced separately. The heavy-duty fixed grid is fixed to the end of the drive rod, and the inner replaceable wear-resistant filter screen is installed close to the inner side of the heavy-duty fixed grid.

[0010] The cutter head mechanism selects the appropriate cutter head type according to the lithology of the formation: scraper cutter heads are suitable for soft to soft formations; roller cone cutter heads or PDC cutter heads are suitable for soft to medium-hard formations, with PDC cutter heads preferred under uniform geological conditions to improve drilling efficiency; diamond cutter heads are suitable for hard formations.

[0011] The cleaning system comprises two sets of high-pressure water jet spraying mechanisms. The first set is a first high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism arranged on the side of the drive rod, which includes multiple first high-pressure nozzles that spray high-pressure water downwards. The spray angle of the first high-pressure nozzles is adjustable and is used to spray high-pressure water into the strata to impact and soften various soils and rock layers, causing them to quickly disintegrate and mix with water to form pumpable mud. It is also used to clean the bottom of the cutter head mechanism and the bottom of the foundation pit of sediment. The second set is a second high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism set inside the drive rod, which includes multiple second high-pressure nozzles arranged laterally to spray high-pressure water into the inner wall of the drive rod. The spray angle of the second high-pressure nozzles is adjustable and is used to spray water into the inner wall of the drive rod to prevent mud from depositing and clumping, and to ensure smooth pipeline transportation.

[0012] The monitoring system includes a ground-penetrating radar probe and a dual-light camera. The ground-penetrating radar probe and the dual-light camera are arranged at the forearm end of the boom system near the drive rod. The ground-penetrating radar probe is used to scan and collect soil layer information within a range of 1 to 3 meters in front during construction. The dual-light camera monitors the soil layer status, obstacle distribution and dynamic changes in stability during the tunneling process in real time, providing intuitive visual feedback to the operators.

[0013] The recyclable system includes a sedimentation tank, a mud tank, a separation tank, an additive system, and a retractable conduit. The sedimentation tank and the mud tank are connected via a top opening, and the separation tank is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank via a fine sand recovery machine. Mud containing drill cuttings is transported to the sedimentation tank via a cuttings suction system. After sedimentation and separation, the mud enters the mud tank through the top opening and is stored there. The sand-water mixture at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is pumped to the fine sand recovery machine for dewatering. The separated sand and gravel are directly stored in the separation tank and used as concrete aggregate or backfill material for foundation pits. The wastewater generated during separation is recycled to the [other system / system]. The sedimentation tank continues to settle. The mud tank is equipped with an additive system for injecting bentonite or dispersants into the mud as needed to form recycled mud with the required performance. The inlet end of the telescopic conduit is connected to the mud tank, and its outlet end extends to the bottom of the pit to pump the recycled mud to the working face at the bottom of the pit for recycling during tunneling operations. During the rotating cutting process, the cutter head mixes the additives with the soil in situ to improve the soil's machinability. The mud is continuously recycled in a closed process of "sedimentation-regeneration-transportation-reuse", thus forming a complete recyclable system.

[0014] A construction method for an intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated device is also disclosed, characterized by the following steps: S1: Before construction, complete geological exploration and surveying and setting out, complete the construction of sedimentation tank, mud tank, separation tank and site layout; construct continuous wall or retaining pile by segmented excavation of trenches, mud wall protection, hoisting steel cage and pouring concrete. S2: Position the equipment to the designated work location on the construction platform using the mobile operation system, connect the power and delivery pipelines, and complete the functional debugging of each system before operation; S3: Under the real-time monitoring and guidance of the monitoring system, the boom system drives the tunneling and slag suction system to cut the construction soil layer by layer; the support system of the foundation pit is erected in a timely manner according to the corresponding elevation cut; S4: The loose rock and soil slag and mud mixture generated by cutting propulsion undergoes preliminary solid-liquid separation through a large particle filtration system, and is then pumped to a sedimentation tank through a power and conveying system. Further solid-liquid separation is completed in the sedimentation tank. The separated mud is stored in the mud tank, and the sand and gravel after dewatering treatment by a fine sand recovery machine are stored in a separation tank. They will be used as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material in the future, realizing the resource utilization of slag and soil. S5: Mix the mud stored in the mud pit with the additive liquid from the additive system, and pump it to the bottom of the foundation pit to realize the recycling of mud and the continuous transportation of excavated soil.

[0015] As can be seen from the above, the intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment and its construction method of the present invention have the following effects: 1. By integrating mobile operation systems, boom systems, monitoring systems, tunneling and slag removal systems, and recyclable systems, intelligent construction units with collaborative operations are formed.

[0016] 2. Effectively designed for long-distance, large-scale foundation pit projects, this invention can adopt a layer-by-layer, block-by-block excavation mode, support the collaborative operation of multiple devices, and realize parallel excavation and synchronous transportation, significantly shortening the construction period; automated tunneling and intelligent control reduce manual intervention and improve the continuity and stability of operations.

[0017] 3. Based on real-time monitoring and geological forecasting information, the cutter head is dynamically replaced and process parameters are adjusted to adapt to complex geological conditions, ensuring excavation accuracy and foundation pit stability, and improving overall construction quality and safety.

[0018] 4. The equipment's operating site is not restricted by weather conditions such as rain or snow. Rainwater can be collected into the mud circulation system for reuse, effectively reducing water consumption, achieving green construction, and avoiding interruptions in manual operations due to weather, thus ensuring construction continuity.

[0019] 5. The integrated design and recycling process reduce equipment transfer, mud transportation and manual handling, and achieve dust-free operation. The separated sand and gravel can be used as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material, which improves work efficiency while reducing overall construction costs and environmental governance expenditures.

[0020] The details of this invention will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment and its construction method of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of the mobile operation system of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 2B Showing Figure 2A A partially enlarged schematic diagram.

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the tunneling and slag suction system of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 4 A top view of the mobile balancing trolley of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 5 The diagram shows the monitoring system and the process flow for changing the cutting head according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the locations of the sedimentation tank, sludge tank, and separation tank in the recyclable system of the present invention is displayed.

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the operation of the recyclable system of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic flowchart of the construction method of the intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure label: 101-Mobile Operation System; 102-Cockpit; 103-Tire; 104-Lifting Platform; 105-Chassis; 106-Mud Pump; 107-Mulch Discharge Pipe; 108-Cylinder; 109-Piston; 110-Suction Chamber; 111-Discharge Chamber; 112-Suction Valve; 113-Discharge Valve; 114-Discharge Outlet; 115-High-Pressure Quick Connector; 116-Suction Inlet; 117-Extendable Hose; 201-Boom System; 202-Mechanical Telescopic Boom; 203-Hollow Mud Delivery Pipe; 204-Fixed Platform; 205-Liftable Bearing; 206-Roller; 301-Tunneling Slag Suction System; 302-Cutterhead Rotation Device 303-Drive rod; 304-Hydraulic slot; 305-Cutter head; 306-Heavy-duty fixed grid; 307-Replaceable wear-resistant filter; 308-Bolt; 309-Snap-on; 310-First high-pressure water jet injection mechanism; 311-Second high-pressure water jet injection mechanism; 401-Monitoring system; 402-Ground radar probe; 403-Dual-light camera; 501-Recyclable system; 502-Additive system; 503-Extendable conduit; 504-Mud pump; 601-Foundation pit; 701-Diameter wall; 801-Support system; 901-Sedimentation tank; 902-Mud tank; 903-Separation tank; 904-Fine sand recovery machine. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0032] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the intelligent tunneling and muck-sucking integrated equipment of the present invention. The main body of the intelligent tunneling and muck-sucking integrated equipment includes a mobile operation system 101, a boom system 201, a tunneling and muck-sucking system 301, a monitoring system 401, and a recyclable system 501. The mobile operation system 101 is connected to the tunneling and muck-sucking system 301 via the boom system 201. The tunneling and muck-sucking system 301 cuts the rock and soil using a cutter head at its front end and slurries the loose rock and soil debris generated during the cutting process, then sucks in the slurry. The boom system 201 may include... The mechanical telescopic boom 202 has a hollow mud conveying pipe 203 running through it. The mud is conveyed to the mobile operation system 101 through the central control mud conveying pipe 203. The mobile operation system 101 conveys the mud to the recycling system 501 through the slurry discharge pipe 107. The recycling system 501 recycles the mud carrying loose rock and soil debris to form recycled mud and then conveys it back to the bottom working face of the excavation pit 601 for tunneling operations. Thus, the present invention realizes the recycling of mud during tunneling and constitutes a complete recycling system.

[0033] like Figure 2AAs shown, the mobile operation system 101 of this invention mainly includes a vehicle body system and a power and conveying system. The lower end of the vehicle body system is based on a chassis 105, and the front end is equipped with a driver's cab 102. The lower end of the chassis 105 is provided with tires 103 and a lifting platform 104. The core of the power and conveying system includes a mud pump 106 disposed above the chassis 105. The pump body of the mud pump 106 has both structural support and sealing functions, further as... Figure 2B As shown, the pump body is equipped with a liquid cylinder 108 on its exterior, and a piston 109 is disposed inside the liquid cylinder 108. The piston 109 is connected to the pumping unit through a piston rod passing through the seal of the pump body. The mud pump 106 includes a drive unit composed of the liquid cylinder 108 and the piston 109. The pump body is equipped with a suction chamber 110 and a discharge chamber 111 inside. A one-way suction valve 112 and a one-way discharge valve 113 are respectively installed in the flow channels of the suction chamber 110 and the discharge chamber 111 to ensure unidirectional flow of mud. The discharge port 114 of the discharge chamber 111 is connected to the slurry discharge pipe 107 through a high-pressure quick connector 115. The inner wall of the slurry discharge pipe 107 is lined with wear-resistant material for slurry transportation. The suction port 116 of the suction chamber 110 is connected to the hollow mud delivery pipe 203 that runs through the mechanical telescopic arm 202 in the boom system 201 through a telescopic hose 117, forming a complete mud suction and discharge passage.

[0034] Specifically, the pumping unit is composed of an intake chamber 110 and an exhaust chamber 111. The piston 109 is connected to the common chamber of the pumping unit through a piston rod. When the piston 109 moves backward in the cylinder 108, the volume of the pumping unit increases, creating a negative pressure. At this time, the one-way intake valve 112 opens, and the mud enters the intake chamber 110 through the intake port 116. When the piston 109 moves forward, the volume of the pumping unit decreases, the pressure increases, the one-way intake valve 112 closes, and the one-way exhaust valve 113 opens, and the mud is discharged through the exhaust port 114. Thus, by changing the volume of the pumping unit through the reciprocating motion of the piston 109, the mud can be continuously and unidirectionally drawn in and discharged, thereby driving the mud to achieve unidirectional flow.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, the tunneling and slag suction system 301 includes a tunneling system, a large particle filtration system, and a cleaning system. The tunneling system includes a cutter head rotation device 302, a drive rod 303 connected to the cutter head rotation device for being driven to rotate by it, and a replaceable and detachable cutter head mechanism 305. The upper end of the drive rod 303 is connected to the hollow mud conveying pipe 203, and the lower end is fixedly installed to the cutter head mechanism 305 through a hydraulic slot 304. The cutter head mechanism 305 has a through flow channel inside, which is connected to the internal cavity of the drive rod 303, thereby forming a mud conveying channel for conveying mud to the hollow mud conveying pipe 203. The drive rod 303 has a first high-pressure water jet injection mechanism 310 arranged on its side. The first high-pressure water jet injection mechanism 310 includes a plurality of first high-pressure nozzles that spray high-pressure water downwards. The spray angle of the first high-pressure nozzles is adjustable and is used to spray high-pressure water into the formation to impact and soften various soils and rock layers, causing them to quickly disintegrate and mix with water to form pumpable mud.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the tunneling and slag suction system 301 also includes a mobile balancing trolley. The mobile balancing trolley may further include a disc-shaped fixed platform 204, liftable bearings 205, and rollers 206. The fixed platform 204 has a central hole connected to a drive rod 303. Multiple liftable bearings 205 are spaced apart along the periphery of the fixed platform 204, each connected to a roller 206. Thus, by adjusting the height of the multiple liftable bearings 205, the mobile balancing trolley can adjust the length of each bearing according to the terrain, ensuring the level (balance) of the fixed platform 204. The adjusted height must also ensure that all rollers 206 are in contact with the ground and that the cutter head 305 can cut through the strata. Operators can remotely control the mobile balancing trolley to move in all directions on the ground. The mobile balancing trolley drives the drive rod 303 to move, enabling all-terrain tunneling.

[0037] Therefore, by combining the fixed platform of the mobile balancing trolley with the lifting bearing and rollers, even when the weight of the tunneling and slag suction system is very large, and the mechanical telescopic arm 202 alone cannot drive the tunneling and slag suction system 301 to move freely and smoothly, the mobile balancing trolley can effectively support and move the tunneling and slag suction system 301.

[0038] For different pit sizes and geological conditions, the tunneling system is configured with the following two operating modes: Suitable for small-scale excavation requiring precise positioning, the cutter head mechanism 305 selects the appropriate cutter head type according to the stratum lithology: scraper cutter head is suitable for soft to soft strata; roller cone cutter head or PDC cutter head is suitable for soft to medium-hard strata, among which PDC cutter head is preferred under uniform geological conditions to improve cutting efficiency; diamond cutter head is suitable for hard strata.

[0039] When excavating large-scale, long-distance foundation pits, the high-pressure water jet impact force of the first high-pressure water jet mechanism 310 serves as the main tunneling power. The cutter head mechanism 305 can be selected with the corresponding cutter head type: a stirring cutter head is used to break up gravel strata, a toothed cutter head is used to cut rock strata, and a blade-type stirring head (suitable for soft soil) or a sled-type soil turner (suitable for harder soil) is selected according to the hardness of the soil strata. The soil is accelerated to disintegrate and mix with water through mechanical disturbance to form pumpable mud.

[0040] During the operation, the cutter head mechanism 305 cuts and breaks the strata, and the resulting loose rock and soil debris is carried upward along the internal flow channel of the cutter head mechanism 305 and the internal cavity of the drive rod 303 by the mud, and finally enters the hollow mud conveying pipe 203.

[0041] The large particle filtration system adopts a double-layer composite grid structure. The outer layer is a heavy-duty fixed grid 306, which mainly provides structural support and intercepts loose rock and soil debris with an extra-large particle size. The inner layer is a replaceable wear-resistant filter screen 307, which is used to further separate fine particles and is designed to be disassembled and replaced individually. The heavy-duty fixed grid 306 is fixed to the end of the drive rod 303 by multiple bolts 308, and the inner replaceable wear-resistant filter screen 307 is tightly installed on the inner side of the heavy-duty fixed grid 306 by multiple clips 309.

[0042] The cleaning system includes two sets of high-pressure water jet spraying mechanisms. The first set is the first high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism 310 arranged on the side of the drive rod 303. In addition to impacting and softening the strata, it is also used to clean the bottom of the cutter head mechanism 305, the bottom of the foundation pit 601, and the large particle filtration system. The second set is the second high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism 311 set inside the drive rod 303. It is used to clean the slag adhering to the inner wall of the drive rod 303 and the inner wall of the hollow mud conveying pipe 203. The second high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism 311 includes multiple second high-pressure nozzles arranged laterally to spray high-pressure water into the inner wall of the drive rod. The spray angle of the second high-pressure nozzles is adjustable. It is used to spray water into the inner wall of the drive rod to prevent mud from depositing and clumping, and to ensure smooth pipeline transportation.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 5The diagram shows the monitoring system and cutterhead replacement flowchart of the present invention. The monitoring system 401 includes a ground-penetrating radar probe 402 and a dual-light camera 403. The ground-penetrating radar probe 402 and the dual-light camera 403 are arranged at the forearm end of the boom system 201 near the drive rod 303. The ground-penetrating radar probe 402 is used to scan and collect soil layer information within a range of 1-3 meters ahead during construction. The dual-light camera 403 monitors the soil layer status, obstacle distribution, and dynamic changes in stability during the tunneling process in real time, providing intuitive visual feedback to the operator. The specific workflow of the monitoring system is as follows: During construction, the ground-penetrating radar probe 402 and the dual-light camera 403 simultaneously collect data, analyze the acquired soil layer information, and transmit the results to the operator's cab 102. The operator selects the appropriate tunneling system for the different sizes of the pit and, based on the comprehensive information fed back by the monitoring system, determines whether the current cutterhead is suitable for the soil conditions ahead and whether it needs to be replaced. If replacement is required, the boom system 201 is raised to the replacement position, the current cutter head is removed via the hydraulic slot 304, and the target cutter head is installed. After replacement, the boom system 201 is lowered to reset the cutter head to its working position within the pit 601, and the tunneling operation continues.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the recyclable system 501 of the present invention includes a sedimentation tank 901, a mud tank 902, a separation tank 903, an additive system 502, and a telescopic conduit 503. The sedimentation tank 901 and the mud tank 902 are connected through a top opening, and the separation tank 903 is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 901 through a fine sand recovery machine 904. During operation, mud containing loose rock and soil debris is transported to the sedimentation tank 901 via the excavation and slag suction system 301. After sedimentation and separation, the mud enters and is stored in the mud tank 902 through the top opening of the sedimentation tank 901. The sand-water mixture at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 901 is pumped to the fine sand recovery machine 904 for dewatering. The separated sand and gravel are directly stored in the separation tank 903 for use as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material. The tailwater generated during separation is returned to the sedimentation tank 901 for further sedimentation.

[0045] Figure 7The flowchart of the recyclable system 501 is shown. When the recyclable system 501 is working, because the sedimentation tank 901 is located at a higher level than the mud tank 902, the mud recovered in the sedimentation tank 901 flows into the mud tank 902 for temporary storage by gravity. The mud tank 902 is equipped with an additive system 502. The additive system 502 can periodically sample and test the mud's density, viscosity, sand content, and other performance parameters. When the mud performance does not meet the construction requirements, the additive system 502 can automatically inject bentonite or dispersants into the mud to form recycled mud with the required performance. The inlet end of the telescopic duct 503 is connected to the mud tank 902, laid along the chassis 105 and attached parallel to the outside of the mechanical telescopic boom, and its outlet end extends to the bottom of the pit 601. A mud pump 504 is connected to the inlet end of the telescopic duct 503 to pump recycled mud to the working face at the bottom of the pit 601 for recycling during tunneling operations. During the rotary cutting process, the cutter head mixes additives with the soil in situ to improve the soil's cutability. During construction, the mud carrying loose rock and soil debris flows sequentially through the tunneling muck suction system 301, the boom system 201, and the mobile operation system 101, and is finally transported back to the sedimentation tank 901, completing one work cycle. The mud is continuously recycled in a closed process of "sedimentation-mixing-pumping-reuse-resedimentation," thus forming a complete recyclable system.

[0046] like Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the construction method of the intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment of the present invention, which includes the following specific steps: S1: Before construction, complete geological exploration and surveying and setting out, and complete the construction and site layout of sedimentation tank 901, mud tank 902, separation tank 903; construct continuous wall 701 or retaining piles by segmented excavation of trenches, mud wall protection, hoisting and placing steel cages and pouring concrete.

[0047] S2: The mobile operation system 101 positions the equipment to the designated work location on the construction platform, connects the power and transmission pipelines, and completes the functional debugging of each system before operation.

[0048] S3: Under the real-time monitoring and guidance of the monitoring system 401, the boom system 201 drives the tunneling and slag suction system 301 to cut the construction soil layer by layer. Based on the size and layout of the foundation pit, a segmented excavation mode is adopted. The first piece of equipment excavates along the first direction (e.g., from east to west), while the second or more pieces of equipment advance synchronously along other directions. Multiple pieces of equipment work together to simultaneously form the foundation pit working face 601. Based on the soil layer information fed back by the ground-penetrating radar probe 402, the cutter head is changed in real time to adapt to the current stratum conditions. Simultaneously with excavation, the foundation pit support system 801 is erected in a timely manner according to the corresponding elevation reached, providing support while excavating to maintain the stability of the pit wall and surrounding soil.

[0049] S4: The loose rock and soil debris and mud mixture generated by the cutting and propulsion process undergoes preliminary solid-liquid separation through a large-particle filtration system, and is then pumped to sedimentation tank 901 via a power and conveying system. Further solid-liquid separation is completed in sedimentation tank 901, and the separated mud is stored in mud tank 902. The sand and gravel, after dewatering treatment by fine sand recovery machine 904, are stored in separation tank 903 and subsequently used as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material, thus realizing the resource utilization of the debris.

[0050] S5: The mud stored in the mud tank 902 is mixed with the additive liquid in the additive system 502 and pumped to the bottom of the foundation pit 601 through the telescopic conduit 503 to realize the recycling of mud and the continuous transportation of excavated soil.

[0051] It is obvious that the above description and account are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the disclosure, application, or use of this invention. Although embodiments have been described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the invention is not limited to the specific examples exemplified by the drawings and described in the embodiments as currently considered the best mode for carrying out the teachings of the invention. The scope of the invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated device, comprising a mobile operation system, a boom system, a tunneling and slag suction system, a monitoring system, and a recyclable system, characterized in that: The mobile operation system is connected to the tunneling and slag suction system via a boom system. The tunneling and slag suction system cuts the rock and soil through the front-end cutter head, and at the same time, it slurries the loose rock and soil slag generated during the cutting and advancing process. The slurry is then sucked in and pumped to a sedimentation tank. The boom system includes a mechanical telescopic boom, through which a hollow mud conveying pipe is installed. The mud is conveyed to the mobile operation system through the hollow mud conveying pipe. The mobile operation system transports the mud to a recyclable system via a discharge pipe; The recyclable system recycles the mud carrying loose rock and soil debris to form recycled mud, which is then transported back to the bottom working face of the excavation pit for tunneling operations. This achieves the recycling of mud and constitutes a complete recyclable system.

2. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile operation system includes a vehicle body system and a power and conveying system. The lower end of the vehicle body system is based on a chassis, and the front end is equipped with a driver's cab. The lower end of the chassis is equipped with tires and a lifting platform. The power and conveying system includes a mud pump installed above the chassis. The mud pump has a hydraulic cylinder on the outside of the pump body, and a piston is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The pump body has an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber. The flow channels of the intake chamber and the exhaust chamber are respectively equipped with a one-way intake valve and a one-way exhaust valve to ensure unidirectional mud flow. The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is connected to the slurry discharge pipe through a high-pressure quick connector. The intake port of the intake chamber is connected to a hollow mud conveying pipe installed inside the mechanical telescopic boom of the boom system through a telescopic hose, forming a complete mud intake and exhaust passage.

3. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tunneling and slag suction system includes a tunneling system, a large particle filtration system, a cleaning system, and a mobile balancing trolley. The tunneling system includes a cutter head rotation device, a drive rod connected to the cutter head rotation device for being driven to rotate by it, and a replaceable and detachable cutter head mechanism. The upper end of the drive rod is connected to the hollow mud conveying pipe, and the lower end is fixedly installed to the cutter head mechanism. The cutter head mechanism has a through flow channel inside to connect with the internal cavity of the drive rod, thereby forming a mud conveying channel for conveying mud to the hollow mud conveying pipe. The mobile balancing trolley includes a disc-shaped fixed platform, liftable bearings, and rollers. The fixed platform has a circular hole in the center and is connected to a drive rod. Multiple liftable bearings are installed at intervals below the fixed platform, and each liftable bearing is connected to a roller. Thus, the level of the fixed platform is ensured by adjusting the height of the liftable bearings, and all rollers are in contact with the ground and the cutting head is in operation.

4. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The large particle filtration system adopts a double-layer composite grid structure, in which the outer layer is a heavy-duty fixed grid that provides structural support and intercepts extra-large drill cuttings; the inner layer is a replaceable wear-resistant filter screen for further separation of fine particles and can be disassembled and replaced separately. The heavy-duty fixed grid is fixed to the end of the drive rod, and the inner replaceable wear-resistant filter screen is installed close to the inner side of the heavy-duty fixed grid.

5. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The cutter head mechanism selects the appropriate cutter head type according to the lithology of the formation: scraper cutter heads are suitable for soft to soft formations; roller cone cutter heads or PDC cutter heads are suitable for soft to medium-hard formations, among which PDC cutter heads are preferred under uniform geological conditions to improve drilling efficiency; diamond cutter heads are suitable for hard formations.

6. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning system includes two sets of high-pressure water jet spraying mechanisms. The first set is a first high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism arranged on the side of the drive rod, which includes multiple first high-pressure nozzles that spray high-pressure water downwards. The spray angle of the first high-pressure nozzles is adjustable. It is used to spray high-pressure water into the strata to impact and soften various soils and rock layers, causing them to quickly disintegrate and mix with water to form pumpable mud. It is also used to clean the bottom of the cutter head mechanism and the bottom of the foundation pit of sediment. The second set is a second high-pressure water jet spraying mechanism set inside the drive rod, which includes multiple second high-pressure nozzles arranged laterally to spray high-pressure water into the inner wall of the drive rod. The spray angle of the second high-pressure nozzles is adjustable. It is used to spray water into the inner wall of the drive rod to prevent mud from depositing and clumping, and to ensure smooth pipeline transportation.

7. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system includes a ground-penetrating radar probe and a dual-light camera. The ground-penetrating radar probe and the dual-light camera are arranged at the forearm end of the boom system near the drive rod. The ground-penetrating radar probe is used to scan and collect soil layer information within a range of 1 to 3 meters in front during construction. The dual-light camera monitors the soil layer status, obstacle distribution and dynamic changes in stability during the tunneling process in real time, providing intuitive visual feedback to the operators.

8. The intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The recyclable system includes a sedimentation tank, a mud tank, a separation tank, an additive system, and a retractable conduit. The sedimentation tank and the mud tank are connected via a top opening, and the separation tank is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank via a fine sand recovery machine. Mud containing drill cuttings is transported to the sedimentation tank via a cuttings suction system. After sedimentation and separation, the mud enters the mud tank through the top opening and is stored there. The sand-water mixture at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is pumped to the fine sand recovery machine for dewatering. The separated sand and gravel are directly stored in the separation tank for use as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material. The tailwater generated during separation is returned to the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation tank continues to settle. The mud tank is equipped with an additive system for injecting bentonite or dispersants into the mud as needed to form recycled mud with the required performance. The inlet end of the telescopic conduit is connected to the mud tank, and its outlet end extends to the bottom of the pit to pump the recycled mud to the working face at the bottom of the pit for recycling during tunneling operations. During the rotating cutting process, the cutter head mixes the additives with the soil in situ to improve the soil's machinability. The mud is continuously recycled in a closed process of "sedimentation-regeneration-transportation-reuse", thus forming a complete recyclable system.

9. The construction method of the intelligent tunneling and slag suction integrated equipment as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: S1: Before construction, complete geological exploration and surveying and setting out, complete the construction of sedimentation tank, mud tank, separation tank and site layout; construct continuous wall or retaining pile by segmented excavation of trenches, mud wall protection, hoisting steel cage and pouring concrete. S2: Position the equipment to the designated work location on the construction platform using the mobile operation system, connect the power and delivery pipelines, and complete the functional debugging of each system before operation; S3: Under the real-time monitoring and guidance of the monitoring system, the boom system drives the tunneling and slag suction system to cut the construction soil layer by layer; the support system of the foundation pit is erected in a timely manner according to the corresponding elevation cut; S4: The loose rock and soil slag and mud mixture generated by cutting propulsion undergoes preliminary solid-liquid separation through a large particle filtration system, and is then pumped to a sedimentation tank through a power and conveying system. Further solid-liquid separation is completed in the sedimentation tank. The separated mud is stored in the mud tank, and the sand and gravel after dewatering treatment by a fine sand recovery machine are stored in a separation tank. They will be used as concrete aggregate or foundation pit backfill material in the future, realizing the resource utilization of slag and soil. S5: Mix the mud stored in the mud pit with the additive liquid from the additive system, and pump it to the bottom of the foundation pit to realize the recycling of mud and the continuous transportation of excavated soil.

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