An intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system with adaptive adjustment

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive intelligent green steel structure heat preservation wall system, relates to the technical field of building heat preservation wall and self-adaptive ventilation control, and is characterized in that a movable partition plate is arranged in an adjustable heat preservation cavity of a steel structure wall as the only executing element, three positions of the movable partition plate, namely an outer position, a middle position and an inner position, correspond to a heat preservation state, a ventilation state and a heat storage and release state in an exclusive manner, a controller collects the temperature, humidity, through-wall heat flow direction and illumination inside and outside the wall, selects a unique target position in the three positions and outputs only one position instruction, switches to the middle position to release heat when the heat storage and release saturation reaches an upper limit, pre-switches before a temperature difference reaches a threshold value when the through-wall heat flow is reversed, occupies the middle position to ventilate when the surface temperature of a heat bridge approaches a dew point, and drives the movable partition plate to the position, so that the equivalent heat transfer and ventilation state of the wall changes adaptively with working conditions. The system is beneficial to the consideration of winter heat preservation and summer heat dissipation, improvement of heat bridge dew condensation and avoidance of mutual offset of multiple executing components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building insulation walls and adaptive ventilation control technology, specifically an adaptive and intelligent green steel structure insulation wall system. Background Technology

[0002] Green prefabricated steel structure buildings widely adopt cold-formed thin-walled steel frames with external insulation composite layers to form insulated walls. The heat transfer coefficient of this type of wall is fixed after fabrication, and the state of the insulation layer and air gap does not change with external conditions. However, when the wall experiences seasonal changes and diurnal temperature variations during actual operation, the fixed heat transfer characteristics cannot simultaneously meet the opposing needs of winter insulation and summer heat dissipation: In winter, the large temperature difference and high humidity between indoors and outdoors at night cause the steel frame, as a high thermal conductivity component penetrating the interior and exterior, to form thermal bridges. When the surface temperature of these thermal bridges is below the dew point, condensation forms on the inner side of the wall or within the cavities. Prolonged condensation causes the insulation layer to become damp and ineffective, and also leads to corrosion of the steel components. In summer, strong solar radiation at noon causes heat to be absorbed by the outer surface and continuously transferred into the room through the fixed insulation layer, increasing the indoor air conditioning load. To adapt the wall structure to changing conditions, several representative existing technologies have been developed. However, these technologies still have specific shortcomings when simultaneously considering multiple functions. The following analysis combines representative existing technologies found in the literature.

[0003] One type of approach involves breathable walls with switchable cavities and double-layer curtain walls. The temperature-controlled hollow breathable wall system (publication number CN102852247A) is equipped with inlet and outlet temperature control devices on the hollow wall. In hot seasons, it uses dynamic airflow within the wall for heat dissipation; in cold seasons, it uses sealed air as an insulation medium, allowing the cavity to adjust between dynamic ventilation and heat dissipation and sealed insulation. The internal circulation breathable double-layer curtain wall (publication number CN103835416A) forms a hollow cavity between the inner and outer layers. Temperature and wind speed sensors are installed within the cavity. In winter, the air outlets are closed to create a heat storage and insulation buffer zone; in summer, the air outlets are opened to utilize thermal pressure to expel hot air, and ventilation devices are used to expel humid air to prevent condensation. All of the above approaches only switch between insulation and ventilation states, lacking an independent heat storage and release state. Furthermore, CN103835416A targets glass curtain walls, and its anti-condensation relies on normal dehumidification rather than active scheduling based on operating conditions.

[0004] Another approach is self-regulating insulation, which uses an actuator to drive a movable partition to change the insulation performance. Publications US9952007 and US11493287 describe self-regulating insulation and related methods that incorporate internal partitions and actuators within the insulation structure that move with temperature. The actuators move the partitions to change the thermal resistance of the insulation layer, thus automatically adjusting the insulation performance according to temperature. However, this approach only allows for changes between high and low thermal resistance states; it lacks both ventilation and wall-mounted heat storage / release states, making it impossible to uniformly perform insulation, ventilation, and heat storage / release functions within the same wall structure.

[0005] In terms of control methods, the building and HVAC field already has supervisory control that coordinates multiple actuators. This involves conflict judgment, priority arbitration, and coordination among multiple independently commandable actuators such as fans, dampers, and heat storage or cooling components to prevent each actuator from acting according to its local threshold and thus canceling each other out. This type of supervisory control is based on the premise that multiple independent actuators coexist and that mutual arbitration is required. When the three functions of heat preservation, ventilation and heat dissipation, and heat storage and release are integrated into the interior of the wall, the control method based on multi-actuator arbitration mentioned above is not suitable. However, setting up independent ventilation components and permanent phase change or heat absorption components will bring new problems: the permanent phase change or heat absorption materials will still maintain thermal contact with the wall when heat storage and release are not required, thus forming a thermal short circuit and weakening the insulation; heat storage and release close to the inner surface of the wall will cause the inner surface temperature to be too low, inducing condensation on the inner surface. This condensation problem caused by heat storage and release has not been identified and dealt with in the existing phase change ventilation scheme; the separate start and stop of multiple actuators will also result in mutual cancellation of the simultaneous enhancement of insulation and forced ventilation or simultaneous heat storage and dissipation.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies have improved the adjustability of walls through switchable cavities, movable partitions to change thermal resistance, and multi-actuator coordination, but they still have certain limitations. For example, they all remain in two states and lack unified switching of the three functions of heat preservation, ventilation and heat storage and release. The presence of phase change or heat-absorbing materials can lead to thermal short circuits in non-heat storage and release conditions. Condensation on the inner surface induced by heat storage and release against the wall is not recognized. Furthermore, multiple actuators cancel each other out and control is based on arbitration of multiple actuators, making it difficult to adapt to a single actuator structure.

[0007] Therefore, how to enable the same wall to adaptively switch between heat insulation, ventilation and heat dissipation and heat storage and release according to the working conditions, eliminate thermal short circuits caused by permanent heat storage components, suppress condensation caused by thermal bridge areas and heat storage and release on the wall, and avoid mutual cancellation of multiple actuators has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. There is an urgent need for a green steel structure thermal insulation wall system that can solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive and intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system to solve the problems of fixed heat transfer characteristics of existing thermal insulation walls after manufacturing, difficulty in uniformly undertaking the three functions of thermal insulation, ventilation and heat dissipation and heat storage on the same wall, thermal short circuit caused by phase change or heat absorption materials residing in the wall, unrecognized and untreated condensation on the inner surface induced by heat storage and release against the wall, and mutual cancellation of the actions of multiple actuators and control relying on arbitration of multiple actuators. The invention enables the equivalent heat transfer and ventilation state of the wall to adapt to changes in working conditions.

[0009] The overall concept of this invention is to create an adjustable insulation cavity between the external insulation composite layer and the interior panel of the steel structure wall. Within this cavity, a single movable partition serves as the sole actuator determining the switching between the wall's three operating states. An electric linear drive acts as the driving source for this movable partition, and the fan of the ventilation and purification module is a controlled slave actuator activated during ventilation. This ensures that the wall's insulation, ventilation, and heat storage / dissipation functions all depend on the position of this single movable partition. Simultaneously, the controller selects the unique target position of this movable partition within each control cycle and schedules accordingly. The three positions of the movable partition correspond to the three operating states of the wall. All three functions share the same actuator, but only one state can be active at any given time, thus the three states are mutually exclusive. Control revolves around the selection and switching timing of this actuator, adapting the wall's equivalent heat transfer and ventilation states to the coordination of a single actuator and its dedicated control. The three mutually exclusive execution structure and the interface of the control selected by the movable partition are mutually prerequisites. Without the movable partition, the control loses its target. Without the control, the movable partition is just a passive mechanism. The two together constitute a wall system that adapts to the working conditions.

[0010] The system provided by this invention includes a steel structure wall body, an adjustable insulation cavity formed by an external insulation composite layer and an interior panel, a movable partition, an electric linear drive, a cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module, a sensing unit, and an adaptive adjustment controller. The movable partition is driven by the electric linear drive to move between an outer position, a middle position, and an inner position. When in the outer position, it is in contact with the external insulation composite layer and closes the air duct openings at the upper and lower ends of the adjustable insulation cavity, thus keeping the wall in an insulated state. When in the middle position, the air duct openings are opened, allowing the adjustable insulation cavity to be connected, thus keeping the wall in a ventilated state. When in the inner position, the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module is in contact with the inner surface of the wall, thus keeping the wall in a heat storage and release state. The three states are mutually exclusive, determined by a single position of the movable partition. The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module is mounted on the movable partition facing the interior and moves with it. It only establishes thermal contact with the inner surface of the wall for heat storage and release when in the inner position; in the outer and middle positions, it disengages from thermal contact as the movable partition moves away. A mechanical linkage is installed on the drive stroke of the movable partition, opening a micro-ventilation gap connecting the adjustable insulation cavity and the exhaust side during the same stroke as the movable partition moves towards the inner position. A sensing unit collects temperature, humidity, through-wall heat flow direction, and light intensity inside and outside the wall. The adaptive control controller selects a unique target position for the movable partition from three positions in each control cycle and issues only one position command to the electric linear drive. Based on the heat storage saturation of the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module, the opposite sign of the through-wall heat flow direction, and the difference between the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area and the dew point temperature on the interior side, it determines the timing for switching to this unique target position, thereby moving the movable partition to its position. This allows the wall's equivalent heat transfer and ventilation states to adapt to changing operating conditions. The aforementioned functional modules cooperate with each other using the position of the movable partition as a common interface: the opening and closing of the air duct, the establishment and disengagement of the thermal contact of the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module, and the opening of the dew point release micro-ventilation gap all occur simultaneously with the same position movement of the movable partition. The selection of the controller's position and the timing of its switching determine the direction and timing of this movement.

[0011] Furthermore, the columns and beams of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame of the steel structure wall are detachably assembled and connected via a plug-in locking mechanism. A heat insulation pad is sandwiched between the columns and the external insulation composite layer. The adjustable insulation cavity covers the inner projection area of ​​the columns to intervene in thermal bridge areas. An electric linear drive unit connects to a mechanical reset unit, which, upon power failure, returns the movable partition to its outer position and closes the air duct opening to maintain insulation, forming a fail-safe position. The cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module includes a cooling chamber and graphite heat-absorbing particles filled within it, with the side facing the inner surface of the wall forming a thermal contact surface. The system also includes a ventilation and purification module, whose air inlet and outlet are connected to the adjustable insulation cavity via air duct openings. This module is activated when the movable partition is in the neutral position and transports, filters, and humidifies the air flowing through the adjustable insulation cavity. This module may include a fan, ventilation ducts, activated carbon filters, and humidifiers. Sensing units are positioned on the outdoor side, inside the adjustable insulation cavity, on the inner surface of the wall, and on the indoor side to provide information on the thermal and humidity conditions of both sides of the wall and inside the cavity. The heat storage saturation used by the controller is determined by the residence time of the movable partition in the inner position and the temperature rise of the adjustable insulation cavity. When the heat storage saturation reaches the set upper limit, the controller sets the sole target position to the middle position to dissipate the accumulated heat. The controller also sets hysteresis bands and minimum residence times for the outer, middle, and inner positions to suppress frequent reciprocating motion of the movable partition under critical conditions and allows the sole target position to be set to the middle position for ventilation replacement when condensation risk is established. After the movable partition is in position, the controller checks the wall status based on feedback from the sensing units and adjusts the position of the movable partition if the wall does not reach the expected target state.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: By utilizing a single movable partition within an adjustable insulation cavity as the sole actuator of the entire system, its outer, middle, and inner positions mutually exclude the insulation, ventilation, and heat storage / release states, respectively. Compared to existing walls that only switch between insulation and ventilation states and lack an independent heat storage / release state, this system achieves the transition between all three states simply by moving a single actuator. This arrangement allows for the simultaneous fulfillment of opposing needs—winter insulation and summer heat dissipation—on the same wall, improving the wall's equivalent heat transfer adaptability to seasonal and diurnal conditions. Furthermore, because all three functions share the same actuator, the system cannot be disassembled into independent, stacked devices.

[0013] The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module is mounted on the movable partition facing the interior and moves with it. It only establishes thermal contact with the inner surface of the wall when in the inner position; in the outer and middle positions, it disengages from the thermal contact as the movable partition moves away. When phase change or heat-absorbing materials are permanently embedded in the wall, they can maintain a thermal conduction path with the wall even when heat storage or release is not required, creating a thermal short circuit and weakening the insulation layer's effectiveness. This system controls the on / off state of thermal contact by switching positions, reducing the weakening effect of this permanent thermal short circuit on insulation performance and allowing the enclosed, stationary air layer in the outer position to fully exert its additional insulation effect.

[0014] The mechanical linkage is located on the drive stroke of the movable partition. During the same stroke as the movable partition moves inward, it is actuated to open the micro-ventilation slit connecting the cavity and the exhaust side to release dew. Wall-mounted heat storage and release can cause the inner surface temperature of the wall to be lower, inducing condensation on the inner surface. This condensation introduced by the heat storage and release action has not been identified and addressed in existing phase change ventilation schemes. By placing the dehumidification operation during the same execution of the heat storage and release action, and discharging the humid air near the cooler inner surface, the risk of condensation caused by wall-mounted heat storage and release can be reduced, and a separate dehumidification component is not required.

[0015] In terms of control method, the controller selects a unique target position from three positions in each control cycle and outputs only one position command. Existing methods for coordinating multiple independently commandable actuators require conflict judgment and arbitration between the actuators; otherwise, mutual cancellation may occur, such as simultaneous increases in insulation and forced ventilation. This system, because it has only one actuator and is in only one position at any given time, structurally eliminates mutual cancellation among multiple actuators. Control does not rely on arbitration between multiple actuators, resulting in more stable wall adjustment results under various operating conditions.

[0016] Regarding the switching criteria for heat storage and release modes, the controller estimates the heat storage saturation by combining the residence time of the movable partition in the inner position with the cavity temperature rise, and switches to mid-level heat release when the saturation reaches the set upper limit. A single temperature threshold is easily affected by local fluctuations and becomes unstable when heat storage is close to saturation. The residence time reflects the accumulated heat gain, and the cavity temperature rise reflects the heat accumulation near the heat absorption surface. Combining the two can provide a more stable criterion near the saturation critical point, making it easier to switch to ventilation and heat dissipation in time before the heat absorption capacity is nearly exhausted, reducing the possibility of trapped heat being reinjected into the room.

[0017] During the transitional season with day-night cycles, the controller uses the reverse direction of heat flow through the wall as a pre-switching trigger. Before the internal and external temperature differences reach the switching threshold individually, the movable partition is moved to the position required for the new operating condition. The practice of only acting when the temperature difference reaches a certain threshold often lags behind the actual change in heat transfer direction. The reverse direction of heat flow reflects changes in the wall's heat transfer direction before the temperature difference, thus enabling earlier action. This reduces switching lag during the transitional season with day-night cycles and sudden changes in operating conditions, improving the wall's responsiveness to changes in operating conditions.

[0018] To address the issue of repeated breaches of critical operating condition criteria, the controller sets hysteresis bands and minimum dwell times for the three positions. Condensation risk is treated as a safety-related event, allowing breaches of the minimum dwell time to prioritize the preemptive control of the middle ventilation position. Directly triggering a switch when the criteria fluctuate slightly near the threshold would cause frequent reciprocating motion of the actuators. The hysteresis band suppresses erroneous switching caused by small fluctuations, and the minimum dwell time limits the number of switches per unit time, reducing mechanical wear and control oscillations in the electric linear drive. Furthermore, the condensation risk, treated as a safety event, is prioritized, ensuring that anti-jitter processing does not delay condensation intervention.

[0019] In terms of green design and engineering implementation, the columns and beams of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame are detachably assembled and connected via a plug-in locking mechanism. The frame, insulation layer, and panels can all be disassembled, recycled, and reused in separate parts. The ventilation, air exchange, cooling, and heat absorption modules in the execution layer adopt mature building energy-saving device structures. The detachable assembly connection reduces material loss during wall demolition and improves the recycling rate of components; the use of mature energy-saving devices in the execution layer reduces the engineering implementation difficulty of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system composition of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the adaptive adjustment control method of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the switching between the three operating states of the wall in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the directional concepts of "left", "right", "up", "down", "front", "back", "inner", and "outer" in the following scheme are all relative directions, and will not be listed one by one here.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment presents the basic structure and operation mode of an adaptive and intelligent green steel structure insulation wall system under winter insulation conditions. The system uses a cold-formed thin-walled steel frame as the load-bearing base. The cold-formed thin-walled steel frame is detachably assembled and connected by columns and beams via a plug-in locking mechanism. The columns and beams are positioned at the connection nodes by plug-in connections and fixed with threads, allowing the entire wall to be dismantled and reused in parts. An external insulation composite layer is laid on the outside of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame. This external insulation composite layer consists of an inorganic insulation board and an exterior finishing layer, providing constant basic insulation regardless of the operating conditions. Interior panels are installed on the inside of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame. A gap is left between the external insulation composite layer and the interior panels to form an adjustable insulation cavity. The thickness of the adjustable insulation cavity ranges from 80 mm to 200 mm. This value is derived from the initial value of a conventional double-layer ventilation structure and can be taken as the midpoint of this range, adjusted according to the total wall thickness. To reduce the thermal bridge formed by the column penetrating the inside and outside, a heat insulation pad is sandwiched between the column and the external insulation composite layer, and the adjustable insulation cavity covers the inner projection area of ​​the column on the wall projection, so that the thermal bridge area is located within the cavity range that can be intervened.

[0024] The adjustable insulation cavity contains only one movable partition. This partition, the sole actuator determining the wall's three operating states, is driven by an electric linear drive unit to move between three positions—outer, middle, and inner—perpendicular to the wall surface. The electric linear drive unit uses a lead screw drive connected to a mechanical reset component, which is a compressed return spring. A sealing strip is installed between the edge of the movable partition and the side wall of the adjustable insulation cavity, ensuring the partition adheres and seals the cavity in the outer and inner positions. An air duct opening is located at both the upper and lower ends of the adjustable insulation cavity. These openings connect to indoor and outdoor air ducts via a ventilation and purification module. The opening and closing of these duct openings are directly determined by the position of the movable partition, eliminating the need for a separate independent air valve. The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module is mounted on the indoor-facing surface of the movable partition and moves along with it. The module contains a cooling chamber filled with graphite heat-absorbing particles. These particles are composite particles made by impregnating organic phase change material into the pores of a porous graphite skeleton. The porous graphite skeleton provides a high thermal conductivity pathway, and the organic phase change material absorbs and releases heat in its latent heat range within its phase change temperature range. The side of the graphite heat-absorbing particles facing the inner surface of the wall forms a thermal contact surface. The movable partition also has a mechanical linkage mechanism on its drive stroke. This mechanism is a cam that moves with the stroke, used to open a micro-ventilation slit connecting the adjustable insulation cavity and the exhaust side when the movable partition approaches its inner position.

[0025] Sensing units are arranged both inside and outside the wall. These units include outdoor temperature, humidity, and light sensors on the outdoor side; cavity temperature and humidity sensors within the adjustable insulation cavity; surface temperature sensors on the inner surface of the wall, falling within the thermal bridge zone; and indoor temperature and humidity sensors on the indoor side. Additionally, heat flow sensors are arranged along the wall penetration path to collect the direction and magnitude of heat flow. The signal lines from each sensor run along the columns of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame and converge into an adaptive control controller. The adaptive control controller is electrically connected to the electric linear drive and the fan of the ventilation and purification module. Based on the collected values, it determines the direction of the movable partition and issues drive commands.

[0026] The three positions of the movable partition correspond one-to-one with the three operating states of the wall and are mutually exclusive. When the movable partition is moved to the outer position, it adheres to the inner surface of the outer insulation composite layer, simultaneously sealing the upper and lower air duct openings. A closed, static air layer is formed between the movable partition and the interior panel. At this time, the wall is in the insulation state, while the cooling, heat absorption, and temperature regulation module mounted on the movable partition moves away from the inner surface of the wall along with the movable partition, and its thermal contact surface is separated from the inner surface of the wall and does not participate in heat transfer. When the movable partition is moved to the middle position, it opens the upper and lower air duct openings. The adjustable insulation cavity connects to the ventilation and purification module and the indoor and outdoor air ducts through the air duct openings, forming an upward convection channel. At this time, the wall is in the ventilation state. When the movable partition moves to the inner position, it presses the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module against the inner surface of the wall, establishing thermal contact between the thermal contact surface and the inner surface of the wall. At this time, the wall is in a state of heat storage and release. Simultaneously, the mechanical linkage is pushed open by the movement of the movable partition to the inner position, creating a micro-ventilation gap for dew point release. When the movable partition is in the inner position, the air duct openings at the upper and lower ends are not sealed by the partition, but the fan is not running. The cavity is mainly exposed to natural convection, and the heat storage and release is primarily achieved through heat conduction between the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module and the inner surface of the wall. Since each of the three functions is only active in one position of the movable partition, and the movable partition can only be in one position at a time, the three states of insulation, ventilation, and heat storage and release are mutually exclusive, and the wall is in only one of these states at any given time.

[0027] The working process of this embodiment takes winter insulation conditions as an example. In each control cycle, the adaptive control controller first reads all the collected values ​​from the sensor unit. The control cycle is set to 30 to 120 seconds, with the initial value taken as the median of this range, and is adjusted according to the wall's thermal inertia. Then, it limits and filters the signals, removing readings exceeding the range. Next, it calculates the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, the indoor dew point temperature from the indoor temperature and humidity, directly obtains the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area from the thermal bridge area surface temperature sensor, and obtains the heat flow direction from the through-wall heat flow sensor. During winter nights or cold periods, the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the through-wall heat flow direction points outwards, and the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area is higher than the indoor dew point temperature, eliminating the risk of condensation. Based on this, the adaptive control controller selects a unique target position as the outer position among the three positions: outer, middle, and inner. Within this control cycle, it uses the collected values ​​from the sensor unit as input and outputs only one position command pointing to the outer position to the electric linear drive. Upon receiving a command, the electric linear drive unit moves the movable partition to the outer position. The movable partition closes the air duct opening and forms a closed, stationary air layer between itself and the interior panel. The cooling, heat absorption, and temperature regulation module then retracts from the inner surface of the wall, and the wall enters an insulated state, delaying the loss of heat from the interior to the exterior. When the external environment remains under the same conditions, the adaptive control controller retains the outer position in subsequent control cycles, and the movable partition remains stationary in that position.

[0028] When power is interrupted or the electric linear drive fails and cannot move the movable partition, the compression return spring of the mechanical reset component releases its elastic force, pushing the movable partition back to its outward position and sealing the air duct opening. This ensures that the wall remains in an insulated state even in the fault condition, preventing loss of insulation due to open cavities and avoiding long-term ventilation and heat loss without intervention. When a sensor reading continuously exceeds its range or remains unchanged for an extended period, indicating a failure, the adaptive control controller blocks that reading and replaces it with readings from other sensors on the same side or the most recent stable historical value for that sensor. This ensures that the internal and external temperature difference and condensation determination can still be made even when an individual sensor fails, guaranteeing that the insulation state and subsequent anti-condensation intervention are not interrupted by a single point of failure.

[0029] This embodiment integrates the three opposing functions of heat preservation, ventilation, and heat storage / release into three positions on the same movable partition, making them structurally mutually exclusive. The adaptive control controller only needs to select one target position from the three positions and issue only one position command in each control cycle to determine the wall state, eliminating the possibility of multiple actuators acting independently according to local thresholds and canceling each other out. The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature regulation module is mounted on the movable partition, only establishing thermal contact with the wall in the inner position; in other positions, it disengages from thermal contact as the movable partition moves away. This ensures that there is no thermal conduction path between the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature regulation module and the inner surface of the wall during winter insulation mode, avoiding thermal short circuits that can occur when heat storage or heat-absorbing materials are permanently installed inside the wall. This allows the closed, static air layer in the outer position to fully exert its additional insulation effect. The mechanical reset component sets the default power-off position to the outer insulation state because the insulation state closes the air duct openings, minimizing energy loss. As a fail-safe position, it protects the indoor thermal environment without relying on continuous power supply. The adjustable insulation cavity covering the inner projection area of ​​the column, along with the heat insulation pad, provides a structural basis for intervention in the thermal bridge area during subsequent control cycles.

[0030] Example 2 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment, based on the system configuration of Embodiment 1, presents the operation mode of the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module adhering to the wall for heat storage and release under high-temperature conditions in summer, and switching to ventilation and heat dissipation after heat storage saturation. The key focus is on disclosing the switching sequence of the movable partition between the inner and middle positions. The system's component configuration, the correspondence between the three positions and three states of the movable partition, the placement of the sensing units, and the control cycle are all the same as in Embodiment 1. The control cycle remains between 30 and 120 seconds, with the initial value taken as the midpoint of this range and adjusted according to the wall's thermal inertia. The cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module is still a cooling cavity mounted on the indoor-facing side of the movable partition, filled with graphite heat-absorbing particles. In this embodiment, the ventilation and purification module is put into operation. The air inlet and outlet of the ventilation and purification module are connected to the adjustable heat-insulating cavity through the upper and lower air ducts. The air inlet and outlet of the fan are connected to the ventilation duct. Activated carbon filter and humidifier are arranged in sequence in the ventilation duct to transport, filter and humidify the air flowing through the adjustable heat-insulating cavity in the ventilation state.

[0031] During the hottest part of the day in summer, the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, and the radiation measured by the light sensor is in a period of strong radiation. The direction of heat flow through the wall is from the outside to the inside. After reading the data collected by the sensor unit and completing the limiting, filtering and derivation calculations, the adaptive control controller selects the inner position as the only target position among the three positions: outer, middle and inner. Within this control cycle, it takes the data collected by the sensor unit as input and outputs only one position command pointing to the inner position to the electric linear drive. After the movable partition moves to the inner position, it presses the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module against the inner surface of the wall. The thermal contact surface is in contact with the inner surface of the wall to establish thermal contact. The graphite heat-absorbing particles in the cooling chamber absorb the heat that penetrates from the outside and reaches the inner surface of the wall and temporarily stores it in the form of sensible heat and phase change. The wall enters a heat storage and release state, and the heat that penetrates into the room is trapped on the inner surface of the wall and does not enter the room.

[0032] As the movable partition remains in the inner position, the temporary heat stored in the graphite heat-absorbing particles gradually increases, and the temperature inside the adjustable insulation cavity rises accordingly. The adaptive control system estimates the heat storage saturation of the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature regulation module by combining the residence time of the movable partition in the inner position with the temperature rise of the adjustable insulation cavity. The residence time in the inner position is counted by the controller when the movable partition reaches the inner position, and the temperature rise of the adjustable insulation cavity is the difference between the current reading of the cavity temperature sensor and the reading at the moment the movable partition reaches the inner position. When the residence time in the inner position exceeds the set duration and the cavity temperature rise exceeds the set temperature rise threshold, it is determined that the heat storage saturation has reached the set upper limit. The set duration is 20 to 60 minutes, and the set temperature rise threshold is 8 to 15 degrees Celsius. The initial values ​​of both are estimated based on the ratio of the heat storage capacity of the graphite heat-absorbing particles to the heat gain rate of a typical wall surface in summer. During operation, the values ​​can be adjusted within the ranges according to the actual working conditions. The effective condition is stable exceeding the limit for three consecutive control cycles. When the heat storage saturation reaches the set upper limit, it means that the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module's ability to continue absorbing heat against the wall is nearly exhausted. If it remains in the inner position, the heat that penetrates will no longer be effectively intercepted and will be diverted to the room.

[0033] The working process of this embodiment is as follows. At the start of the high-temperature period in summer, the adaptive control controller selects the inner position and drives the movable partition to adhere to the wall, and the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module enters the heat absorption and storage state. In each control cycle, the controller updates the residence time in the inner position and the cavity temperature rise to estimate the heat storage saturation. When the heat storage saturation has not reached the set upper limit, the movable partition remains in the inner position and continues to absorb heat. When the heat storage saturation reaches the set upper limit, the adaptive control controller changes the selection to the middle position as the only target position and issues only one position command pointing to the middle position. The electric linear drive drives the movable partition to move to the middle position. The movable partition opens the air duct openings at the upper and lower ends. At the same time, the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module is separated from the heat contact as the movable partition moves away from the inner surface of the wall. The fan of the ventilation and air exchange purification module starts. Outdoor or indoor air enters the adjustable insulation cavity through the air duct openings to form convection from bottom to top, carrying the heat temporarily stored in the graphite heat absorption particles and the heat retained in the cavity out of the wall. The fan speed is adjusted according to the cavity temperature and the temperature difference between the inside and outside. The higher the cavity temperature, the higher the fan speed. Once the cavity temperature drops and the graphite heat-absorbing particles have finished releasing heat, the adaptive control controller selects the neutral position in the next control cycle based on the current operating conditions to resume heat absorption or maintain the neutral position to continue heat dissipation.

[0034] This embodiment follows the failure-safe logic of Embodiment 1 for anomaly handling and supplements it for heat storage and release states. Each type of abnormal event is handled according to triggering conditions, degradation strategies, and recovery conditions, and is uniformly sorted by priority. The triggering criterion for cavity temperature sensor failure is that the reading of this channel continuously exceeds the range or does not change within the set observation window. The threshold is derived from the sensor range boundary and the most recent stable historical value window. After the failure is triggered, the controller no longer waits for the cavity temperature rise criterion, but instead uses whether the residence time of the movable partition in the inner position exceeds the set time limit as the sole criterion to trigger the switch to the middle position for heat dissipation. This handling has a higher priority than the conventional heat absorption and retention, and is used to avoid the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module from losing its heat interception capacity due to excessive heat storage caused by sensor failure. The recovery condition is that the cavity temperature sensor reading recovers to continuous and is consistent with the adjacent sensor reading, and then the degradation is exited. The trigger criterion for fan failure is the absence of fan speed feedback or the lack of ventilation temperature drop within the adjustable insulated cavity within a set time. The threshold is derived from the lower limit of fan speed feedback and the cavity temperature drop observation window. This action has higher priority than the inner position heat absorption selection. The controller maintains the neutral position and issues an alarm, and will not select the inner position during the failure period to prevent continued heat accumulation when heat dissipation is impossible. The recovery condition is the restoration of fan speed feedback and the cavity temperature dropping with ventilation. The trigger criterion for power failure is the loss of power to the electric linear drive component. Based on this, the mechanical reset component pushes the movable partition back to the outer insulated state and closes the air duct opening. This fail-safe position has higher priority than all other selections. The recovery condition is that after power is restored, the controller reselects the target position according to the current operating conditions.

[0035] The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module is mounted on a movable partition, ensuring that the heat-absorbing surface only contacts the wall in the inner position and separates from it in the middle and outer positions as the partition moves away. This allows heat storage and dissipation to be accomplished by switching the position of the same movable partition. During heat storage, heat is trapped on one side of the inner wall surface; during dissipation, the heat-absorbing surface separates and the cavity becomes a convection space, preventing these two processes from occurring simultaneously and canceling each other out. The heat storage saturation is estimated by combining the residence time in the inner position with the cavity temperature rise because when the graphite heat-absorbing particles approach saturation, their rate of continued heat absorption decreases, and the cavity temperature rises significantly. The residence time reflects the accumulated heat gain, and the cavity temperature rise reflects the heat accumulation near the heat-absorbing surface. Combining these two factors provides a more stable criterion near the saturation critical point than a single temperature threshold, allowing for timely transition to ventilation and heat dissipation before the heat absorption capacity is exhausted, preventing the trapped heat from flowing back into the room. By placing the heat dissipation operation solely on the single action of moving the movable partition to the center position, it ensures that only one actuator operates and only one position command is effective throughout the entire system. Compared to relying on multiple independent air valves and independent heat storage components to start and stop separately, this fundamentally eliminates the mutual interference caused by ventilation carrying away heat that should be retained or by heat storage components still occupying the cavity during ventilation.

[0036] Example 3 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment, based on the system configuration of Embodiments 1 and 2, presents the operation mode under the condition of large diurnal temperature difference during the transition season. It focuses on disclosing the pre-switching when the direction of heat flow through the wall is reversed, the preemption of ventilation state when the risk of condensation occurs in the thermal bridge area, the linkage anti-condensation of the dew point venting micro-ventilation gap, and the hysteresis and minimum dwell time handling of the three-position switching. The system component configuration, the correspondence between the three positions and three states of the movable partition, the placement of the sensing units, and the control cycle are all the same as in Embodiment 1, with the control cycle still ranging from 30 seconds to 120 seconds. The cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module is mounted on the movable partition and adheres to the wall in the inner position, and disengages from thermal contact in the middle and outer positions as the movable partition moves away, as in Embodiment 2. The structure of the mechanical linkage opening the dew point venting micro-ventilation gap during the stroke of the movable partition moving to the inner position is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0037] During the transitional season, the temperature difference between day and night is large. The direction of heat flow through the wall crosses zero and changes during the day-night cycle. During the day, the outside temperature rises, causing the heat flow through the wall to change from indoors to outdoors and from outdoors to indoors. At night, the outside temperature drops, causing the heat flow through the wall to change from outdoors to indoors and from indoors to outdoors. The adaptive control controller performs sign discrimination and zero-crossing detection on the readings of the heat flow sensor through the wall. When a reversed heat flow direction is detected and the reversed sign remains stable for two to three consecutive control cycles, a heat flow reversed sign event is determined to have occurred. The number of consecutive cycles is two to three, and its value is determined based on the fluctuation range of the heat flow through the wall near the zero crossing and is adjusted according to the actual operating conditions during operation. Once the heat flow reversal event is confirmed, the adaptive control controller, before the internal and external temperature difference reaches the switching threshold, takes the direction of the heat flow through the wall as input, selects the target position corresponding to the reversed heat flow direction among the external, middle, and internal positions, and outputs a position command to make the movable partition move to the position required by the new operating condition in advance. For example, when the heat flow turns inward during the day, it will transition to the internal or middle position in advance to prepare for heat storage or dissipation, and when the heat flow turns outward at night, it will transition to the external position in advance to restore heat preservation.

[0038] During the transitional seasons with day-night cycles and varying weather conditions, the surface temperature of the inner wall, especially in thermal bridge areas, is prone to approaching the indoor dew point. The adaptive control system calculates the indoor dew point temperature from the indoor temperature and humidity, and obtains the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area from a surface temperature sensor. When the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area is lower than the indoor dew point temperature plus a set margin, a risk of condensation is identified. The set margin is 1 to 3 degrees Celsius, with its initial value being the sum of sensor measurement error and short-term fluctuations, and is adjusted during operation based on actual conditions. Once a condensation risk is established, the adaptive control system prioritizes handling the condensation risk over conventional insulation and heat dissipation. It sets the single target position to the middle position within the current control cycle. A movable partition opens the air duct, allowing the ventilation and purification module to deliver filtered and humidified dry air into the adjustable insulation cavity, replacing the humid air in the cavity and raising the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area until the surface temperature returns to above the indoor dew point temperature plus the set margin before exiting the preemptive control mechanism. If the movable partition is in the inner position for heat storage and release before the risk of condensation is established, the mechanical linkage has already opened the dew point release micro-ventilation gap before the movable partition moves to the inner position. The humid air near the relatively cold inner surface caused by the heat storage and release against the wall can be discharged nearby, thus suppressing condensation before the ventilation in the middle position is completed.

[0039] During the critical operating conditions of the transition season, the internal and external temperature difference, through-wall heat flow, and surface temperature of the thermal bridge area may repeatedly exceed the threshold near the criteria. To prevent the movable baffle from frequently reciprocating, the adaptive control controller sets hysteresis bands and minimum dwell times for the outer, middle, and inner positions, respectively. The hysteresis band is designed so that the threshold for entering a certain position differs from the threshold for exiting that position by a hysteresis amount. The hysteresis amount for the internal and external temperature difference criterion is set to 1 to 2 degrees Celsius, and the hysteresis amount for the through-wall heat flow criterion is set to a small amount higher than the zero-crossing noise, so that the switching is not triggered when the operating conditions fluctuate slightly near the threshold. The minimum dwell time is set to 5 to 15 minutes. After the movable baffle reaches a certain position, the adaptive control controller will not change the single target position within the minimum dwell time. Only when the safety-related event of condensation risk is met will the minimum dwell time be interrupted in advance to seize the middle position. The initial values ​​of the above hysteresis amount and minimum dwell time are taken from the typical fluctuation cycle of the diurnal operating conditions during the transition season and can be adjusted within the range based on the operating records.

[0040] The working process of this embodiment is as follows. During the daytime of the transitional season, the outside temperature rises, causing the heat flow through the wall to change from outward to inward. The adaptive control controller moves the movable partition to the inner or middle position in advance based on the heat flow reversal event before the temperature difference between the inside and outside reaches the switching threshold. If the daytime irradiance increases and the heat storage and release proceed according to the time sequence of Embodiment 2, the controller switches between the inner and middle positions according to the heat storage saturation. From evening to night, the outside temperature drops, causing the heat flow through the wall to change from inward to outward. The adaptive control controller moves the movable partition to the outer position in advance based on the heat flow reversal event to restore the insulation state. During the high humidity period of day and night alternation, once the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area approaches the indoor dew point, the adaptive control controller interrupts the minimum dwell time at the current position and takes over the middle position ventilation replacement, working together with the dew point release micro-ventilation gap opened when the movable partition passed the inner position to suppress condensation. Each time the movable partition reaches the target position, the adaptive adjustment controller checks the wall status based on the feedback from the sensing unit, reads the changes in cavity temperature, thermal bridge area surface temperature and through-wall heat flow. If the wall does not enter the target state as expected within the set verification time window, for example, if the thermal bridge area surface temperature does not rise above the dew point margin after occupying the middle position, the position of the movable partition is adjusted or the ventilation replacement is extended until the feedback state reaches the target state.

[0041] This embodiment supplements the transition season criteria based on Embodiments 1 and 2 for anomaly handling. It provides triggering criteria and corresponding degradation and recovery paths for each type of failure or anomaly, and sorts them uniformly according to safety priority. The triggering criterion for a through-wall heat flow sensor failure is that its reading continuously exceeds its range or contradicts the sign of the internal / external temperature difference for an extended period. The threshold is derived from the sensor's range boundary and the sign of the internal / external temperature difference. Upon triggering, the adaptive control controller uses the sign of the internal / external temperature difference to replace the heat flow direction for condition determination and suspends the heat flow sign reversal pre-switching. This degradation has a lower priority than condensation risk preemption. The recovery condition is that the heat flow sensor reading recovers and matches the sign of the internal / external temperature difference. When an indoor humidity sensor failure prevents the dew point temperature from being determined, the triggering criterion is that its reading exceeds its range or remains unchanged for an extended period. The threshold is derived from the sensor's range boundary. In this case, the adaptive control controller conservatively treats it as a condensation risk and maintains the condensation preemption priority at the highest level. The recovery condition is that the humidity sensor reading recovers continuously to avoid missing condensation intervention when the dew point cannot be determined. The handling of power failure is the same as in Example 2. The mechanical reset component pushes the movable partition back to the external insulation state and closes the air duct opening. This fail-safe position has higher priority than all other selected positions.

[0042] Using the reverse sign of the heat flow direction through the wall as the pre-switching trigger is because the reverse sign of the heat flow crossing zero occurs before the internal and external temperature difference reaches the switching threshold. The heat flow reflects the actual change in the heat transfer direction of the wall, while the temperature difference reaching a certain threshold often lags behind the change in the heat transfer direction. Therefore, acting in advance with the reverse sign of the heat flow can reduce the switching lag during the transition season when day and night alternate, preventing the wall from remaining in the old position when it should be transitioning to the new operating condition. Prioritizing the handling of condensation risks above conventional insulation and heat dissipation, and allowing minimal interruption, is because once condensation occurs, it will cause the insulation layer to become damp and fail, and the steel components to rust. The damage is irreversible and cumulative, therefore it is given the highest priority in safety-related events. Furthermore, the wall-mounted heat storage and release itself will make the inner surface cooler, thus inducing condensation. This condensation introduced by the heat storage and release action is resolved nearby by the dew point release micro-ventilation gap opened by the movement of the same movable partition towards the inward position. This allows the handling of heat storage and release and its side effects to be carried out in the same action, eliminating the need for a separate dehumidification component. By setting hysteresis bands and minimum dwell times for the three positions, the characteristics of the transition season criterion repeatedly exceeding the threshold are addressed. Hysteresis is used to suppress erroneous switching caused by small fluctuations, and minimum dwell time is used to limit the number of switching times per unit time. This reduces mechanical losses and control oscillations caused by frequent actions of the electric linear drive components. Condensation risk, as a safety event, is allowed to exceed the minimum dwell time, ensuring that anti-shaking processing does not delay condensation intervention. After the movable partition is in place, it is checked based on feedback and its position is adjusted if the target state is not reached. This ensures that the switching action is in sync with the actual heat and humidity changes of the wall, avoiding open-loop control that relies on a single command without confirming the actual effect.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein by means of the above teachings or the technology or knowledge in related fields.

Claims

1. An adaptive and intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system, characterized in that, The system includes a steel structure wall body, an adjustable insulation cavity formed by the external insulation composite layer and the interior panel of the steel structure wall body, a movable partition disposed within the adjustable insulation cavity and serving as the sole actuator in the system for switching between the wall's insulation state, ventilation state, and heat storage / release state, an electric linear drive unit that drives the movable partition to move between an outer position, a middle position, and an inner position, a cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module mounted on the movable partition facing the interior, a sensing unit, and an adaptive adjustment controller. When the movable partition is in the outer position... The adjustable insulation cavity's air duct is closed, placing the wall in an insulated state and causing the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module to retract from the inner surface of the wall, disengaging from thermal contact. When the movable partition is in the neutral position, the air duct is opened, allowing the adjustable insulation cavity to connect through the air duct, placing the wall in a ventilated state. The cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module retracts from the inner surface of the wall with the movable partition, disengaging from thermal contact. When the movable partition is in the inner position, the cooling and heat-absorbing temperature-regulating module is pressed against the inner surface of the wall, forming thermal contact, placing the wall in a heat storage and release state, and then controlled by a mechanical linkage. During the inward movement, a micro-ventilation gap for dew point release is opened. The insulation state, ventilation state, and heat storage state are mutually exclusive, determined by a single position of the movable partition. The adaptive adjustment controller is configured to select a unique target position of the movable partition among the outer, middle, and inner positions in each control cycle based on the internal and external wall temperature, humidity, through-wall heat flow direction, and light intensity collected by the sensing unit, according to the internal and external temperature difference direction and through-wall heat flow direction, and output only one position command. Furthermore, it is configured to operate when the movable partition is in the inner position. Furthermore, when the heat storage saturation of the cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module reaches the set upper limit, the unique target position is set as the middle position to discharge the accumulated heat. When the reverse direction of the heat flow through the wall is detected, the unique target position is selected and switched in advance according to the reversed direction of the heat flow through the wall before the temperature difference between the inside and outside reaches the switching threshold. When the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area is lower than the indoor dew point temperature plus a set margin, the unique target position is set as the middle position for ventilation replacement, and the movable partition is driven to move to the unique target position by the electric linear drive component.

2. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel structure wall body includes a cold-formed thin-walled steel frame. The columns and beams of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame are detachably assembled and connected by a plug-in locking mechanism. The external thermal insulation composite layer is set on the outside of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame. The interior panel is set on the inside of the cold-formed thin-walled steel frame. A heat insulation pad is set between the columns and the external thermal insulation composite layer.

3. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric linear drive unit is connected to the mechanical reset unit. When the power is off, the mechanical reset unit causes the movable partition to return to the outer position and closes the air duct opening, thereby keeping the wall in an insulated state.

4. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling and heat absorption temperature regulation module includes a cooling chamber and graphite heat-absorbing particles filled in the cooling chamber, with the side of the cooling chamber facing the inner surface of the wall forming a thermal contact surface.

5. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a ventilation and purification module. The air inlet and outlet of the ventilation and purification module are connected to the adjustable heat-insulating cavity through the air duct. When the movable partition is in the middle position, the ventilation and purification module is activated to transport and purify the air flowing through the adjustable heat-insulating cavity.

6. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ventilation and purification module includes a fan, a ventilation duct, an activated carbon filter, and a humidifier. The inlet and outlet of the fan are connected to the ventilation duct, and the activated carbon filter and the humidifier are disposed inside the ventilation duct.

7. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing units are respectively located on the outdoor side, inside the adjustable insulation cavity, on the inner surface of the wall, and on the indoor side. The sensing unit located inside the adjustable insulation cavity collects the cavity temperature and humidity, while the sensing unit located on the inner surface of the wall collects the surface temperature of the thermal bridge area.

8. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment controller is configured to set a hysteresis band and a minimum dwell time for the outer, middle, and inner positions, respectively, and not to change the unique target position within the minimum dwell time after the movable partition is in place.

9. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment controller is configured to check the wall state based on feedback from the sensing unit after the movable partition moves to the unique target position, and adjust the position of the movable partition when the feedback state does not reach the target state.

10. The adaptive adjustment intelligent green steel structure thermal insulation wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage saturation is determined by the residence time of the movable partition in the inner position and the temperature rise of the adjustable insulation cavity.

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