Method and apparatus for detecting a drilling fluid

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas while drilling detection, and discloses a drilling fluid detection method and a drilling fluid detection device. The drilling fluid detection method adjusts the sampling detection frequency f of the drilling fluid detection device according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit, so that the drilling distance d of the drill bit remains unchanged within any adjacent sampling detection interval time. The drilling fluid detection device is used for the drilling fluid detection method and comprises a shell, a component detection mechanism, a drilling fluid conveying mechanism, a speed detection mechanism and a control board. The speed detection mechanism is used for acquiring the drilling speed V of the drill bit, and the control board is signal connected with the speed detection mechanism and the component detection mechanism. The drilling fluid detection method and the drilling fluid detection device realize real-time adjustment of the change of the sampling detection frequency f with the drilling speed V, and improve the timeliness and accuracy of the drilling fluid detection result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling detection technology, and in particular to a method and device for detecting fluids while drilling. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for oil and gas, advancements in geological exploration and development technologies have become particularly important. During oil and gas drilling, drilling fluid composition needs to be tested in order to understand the properties and composition of formation fluids in real time. Monitoring while drilling (MSWL) technology can acquire formation information in real time during drilling, thereby improving exploration efficiency.

[0003] Most current drilling fluid monitoring devices use fluid pumps to send the upflow drilling fluid into a sample pool and use spectral detection technology to detect the composition of the upflow drilling fluid, thereby determining the oil and gas resource content of the current formation.

[0004] However, during drilling, the drilling speed of the drill bit is adjusted according to the actual formation type, but the sampling and detection frequency of the drilling fluid detection device remains unchanged and cannot be adjusted according to the drilling speed of the drill bit. As a result, when the drilling speed increases, the sampling and detection frequency is too slow, and the detection results of the upward drilling fluid are relatively lagging, making it easy to miss oil and gas-bearing formations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and device for detecting fluid while drilling, so as to solve the problem that the detection results of the upward drilling fluid are relatively lagging when the drilling speed of the drill bit increases.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for detecting fluid while drilling (DWD) utilizes a DWD fluid detection device to detect the composition of the ascending drilling fluid. The method includes the following steps:

[0008] S1, Obtain the drilling speed V of the drill bit;

[0009] S2. Adjust the sampling and detection frequency f of the drilling fluid detection device according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit, so that the drilling distance d of the drill bit remains unchanged during any two adjacent sampling and detection intervals.

[0010] In one embodiment, the drilling distance d is in the range of 1cm-2cm.

[0011] In one embodiment, step S1 includes:

[0012] S11. Obtain the acceleration A of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space: A = [A x A yA z ], obtain the angular velocity G = [G] of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space. x G y G z ];

[0013] S12. Based on the acceleration A and angular velocity G obtained in S11, calculate the drilling speed V of the drill bit using an inertial navigation algorithm.

[0014] A drilling fluid detection device, used in the above-mentioned drilling fluid detection method, comprising:

[0015] The outer casing is capable of being connected to the drill pipe. The outer casing has a cavity inside and an inlet and an outlet connecting the cavity to the outside.

[0016] A component detection mechanism is located at the end of the housing where the outlet is located, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism is located inside the cavity;

[0017] A drilling fluid delivery mechanism, wherein the drilling fluid delivery mechanism is disposed within the cavity;

[0018] A speed detection mechanism is disposed in the cavity and is used to obtain the drilling speed V of the drill bit;

[0019] A control board is disposed within the cavity, and the control board is signal-connected to both the speed detection mechanism and the component detection mechanism.

[0020] In one embodiment, the speed detection mechanism includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope.

[0021] In one embodiment, the detection end of the component detection mechanism is fitted with a first sealing gasket to seal the gap between the detection end and the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0022] In one embodiment, a step is provided inside the cavity, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism abuts against the step.

[0023] In one embodiment, the drilling fluid delivery mechanism includes a screw pump, which includes a motor, a transmission assembly, and a screw connected sequentially along the length of the housing. The transmission assembly is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft of the motor, and the screw is connected to the motor through the transmission assembly. A second sealing gasket is sleeved on the drive shaft to seal the gap between the transmission assembly and the inner wall of the housing.

[0024] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the outer shell is provided with a limiting structure, which is used to circumferentially limit the second sealing gasket.

[0025] In one embodiment, the component detection mechanism is screwed onto the housing.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting drilling fluid while drilling (DWD). The DWD method utilizes the DWD apparatus to detect the components of the ascending drilling fluid. By acquiring the drill bit's drilling speed V, the sampling frequency f of the DWD apparatus is adjusted according to the drill bit's drilling speed V, ensuring that the drilling distance d between any two adjacent sampling intervals remains constant. The DWD apparatus used in this method includes a housing, a component detection mechanism, a drilling fluid delivery mechanism, a speed detection mechanism, and a control board. The speed detection mechanism acquires the drill bit's drilling speed V. The control board is signal-connected to both the speed detection mechanism and the component detection mechanism. The control board receives the drilling speed V signal from the speed detection mechanism and converts it into an adjustment signal for the sampling frequency f, which is then transmitted to the component detection mechanism to adjust the sampling frequency f. This drilling fluid detection method and device enables real-time adjustment of the sampling and detection frequency f according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit. This ensures that the drilling distance d of the drill bit remains constant within any two adjacent sampling and detection intervals. That is, the drilling fluid detection device detects the upward drilling fluid once for every fixed distance the drill bit drills. The number of sampling and detections by the drilling fluid detection device is only related to the total drilling distance of the drill bit. This avoids the problem of relatively lagging detection results of the upward drilling fluid when the drilling speed V of the drill bit increases, and improves the timeliness and accuracy of the upward drilling fluid detection results. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the drilling fluid detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling fluid detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of some of the structures in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the drilling fluid detection device described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drilling fluid detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Outer shell; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet; 2. Component detection mechanism; 21. Transmitting element; 22. First sealing gasket; 3. Drilling fluid delivery mechanism; 31. Screw pump; 311. Motor; 3111. Drive shaft; 312. Transmission assembly; 313. Screw; 314. Second sealing gasket; 315. Limiting structure; 4. Speed ​​detection mechanism; 5. Control board. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for detecting drilling fluid while drilling (DWD), which can detect the components of the ascending drilling fluid using a DWD device. The ascending drilling fluid refers to the drilling fluid that flows along the wellbore from the bottom to the wellhead. This ascending drilling fluid carries materials such as rock cuttings from the wellbore upwards along the annular space between the drill pipe and the wellbore wall. The DWD method mainly includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S1: Obtain the drilling speed V of the drill bit;

[0042] Step S2: Adjust the sampling frequency f of the fluid-while-drilling detection device according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit, so that the drilling distance d of the drill bit remains unchanged during any two adjacent sampling intervals.

[0043] This method for detecting fluid while drilling enables the sampling frequency f of the detection device to be adjusted in real time according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit. This keeps the drilling distance d of the drill bit constant within any two adjacent sampling intervals. That is, the detection device detects the upward drilling fluid once for every fixed distance the drill bit drills. The number of sampling tests by the detection device is only related to the total drilling distance of the drill bit. This avoids the problem of the upward drilling fluid detection results being relatively delayed when the drilling speed V of the drill bit increases, thus improving the timeliness and accuracy of the upward drilling fluid detection results.

[0044] In this embodiment, the drilling distance d is limited to the range of 1cm-2cm. That is, every time the drill bit drills a distance of 1cm-2cm, the drilling fluid detection device detects the upward drilling fluid once. The short travel distance of the drill bit between two adjacent detections can further avoid missing oil and gas-bearing formations.

[0045] Specifically, step S1 includes:

[0046] S11. Obtain the acceleration A of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space: A = [A x A y A z ], obtain the angular velocity G = [G] of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space. x G y G z ];

[0047] S12. Based on the acceleration A and angular velocity G obtained in S11, calculate the drilling speed V of the drill bit using the inertial navigation algorithm.

[0048] Inertial navigation algorithms are characterized by strong autonomy, independence from external environmental constraints, continuous navigation information, high accuracy, and self-detection of errors. Applying inertial navigation algorithms can accurately calculate the drill bit's drilling speed V, and then promptly adjust the sampling frequency f of the drilling fluid monitoring device based on the drilling speed V, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the drilling fluid monitoring results. Specifically, the inertial navigation algorithm mainly includes steps such as sensor data acquisition, data preprocessing, attitude calculation, motion state estimation, error compensation, coordinate system transformation, and navigation calculation and output, ultimately accurately outputting the drill bit's drilling speed V, thus completing the acquisition of the drill bit's drilling speed V.

[0049] The drilling speed V varies greatly depending on geological conditions, equipment, and technology. Generally, the drilling speed V can be roughly divided into several ranges: in harder strata, such as granite or quartzite, the drilling speed V is 2 meters per hour; in medium-hard strata, such as sandstone or limestone, the drilling speed V is 5 meters per hour; and in softer strata, such as shale or mudstone, the drilling speed V is 10 meters per hour.

[0050] Taking a drilling distance d maintained at 1 / 72 meters as an example, when the drilling speed V is 2 meters / hour, the sampling and detection frequency f = V / d = 144 times / hour; when the drilling speed V is 5 meters / hour, the sampling and detection frequency f = V / d = 360 times / hour; and when the drilling speed V is 10 meters / hour, the sampling and detection frequency f = V / d = 720 times / hour.

[0051] like Figures 2-6 As shown, the present invention also provides a drilling fluid detection device for the drilling fluid detection method, including a housing 1, a component detection mechanism 2, a drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3, a velocity detection mechanism 4, and a control board 5. The housing 1 can be fixedly connected to the drill pipe, so that the drilling fluid detection device moves with the drill pipe. A cavity is provided inside the housing 1 for installing other structures of the drilling fluid detection device. The housing 1 is also provided with an inlet 11 and an outlet 12 connecting the cavity to the outside. The component detection mechanism 2 is located at the end of the housing 1 with the outlet 12, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 is located in the cavity, for sampling, detecting, and analyzing the components of the upward drilling fluid. The drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3 is disposed in the cavity. The drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3 draws the upward drilling fluid from the inlet 11 and delivers it to the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 for detection, and then discharges it from the drilling fluid detection device through the outlet 12. The delivery speed of the drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3 is always kept consistent to ensure that the upward drilling fluid in the drilling fluid detection device is updated in real time. A velocity detection mechanism 4 is housed within the cavity to acquire the drilling velocity V of the drill bit. A control board 5 is also housed within the cavity and is signal-connected to both the velocity detection mechanism 4 and the component detection mechanism 2. The control board 5 receives the drilling velocity V signal from the velocity detection mechanism 4 and converts it into an adjustment signal for the sampling detection frequency f, which is then transmitted to the component detection mechanism 2 to adjust the sampling detection frequency f. It is understood that when the drilling fluid detection device is mounted on the drill pipe, the outlet 12 is located above the inlet 11.

[0052] Optionally, in one embodiment, the component detection mechanism 2 includes a spectrometer, such as a laser Raman spectrometer, which has high sensitivity and high resolution, can perform rapid analysis and detection, and has strong sample applicability, and can effectively detect and analyze the components of the upward drilling fluid.

[0053] Furthermore, the speed detection mechanism 4 includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope. The accelerometer is based on Newton's second law; when an object is subjected to acceleration, the mass block inside the accelerometer will displace, causing the elastic body to deform. This results in the elastic body experiencing a force proportional to the magnitude of the acceleration. The magnitude of the acceleration is obtained by measuring the potential difference between the sensitive electrodes on the elastic body. The accelerometer is used to acquire the acceleration A of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space; the gyroscope is used to acquire the angular velocity G of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space to determine the drill bit's orientation.

[0054] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, a step is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell 1, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 abuts against the step. The step is provided to accurately position and stably support the component detection mechanism 2. It can be understood that the inner wall of the outer shell 1 refers to the wall surface that forms the cavity.

[0055] Specifically, the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 is equipped with a light-transmitting element 21, which abuts against the step. The light-transmitting element 21 ensures that the detection light source can effectively illuminate the upward drilling fluid, enabling sampling, detection, and component analysis of the upward drilling fluid. At the same time, it protects the optical components inside the component detection mechanism 2, preventing the upward drilling fluid from entering the component detection mechanism 2 and damaging the optical components.

[0056] In one embodiment, the light-transmitting element 21 is a frustum-shaped sapphire glass, and the radius of the light-transmitting element 21 gradually decreases from one end near the drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3 to the other end, further preventing the upward drilling fluid from entering the component detection mechanism 2 through the light-transmitting element 21. Because sapphire glass has high temperature and high pressure resistance and meets the light transmission requirements, it can prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure upward drilling fluid from damaging the light-transmitting element 21, thus giving the light-transmitting element 21 a longer service life. The frustum-shaped sapphire glass can also be replaced with other shapes or materials of light-transmitting element 21 with equivalent effects, which will not be elaborated here.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 is fitted with a first sealing gasket 22 to seal the gap between the detection end and the inner wall of the outer shell 1, preventing the upward drilling fluid from entering the interior of the component detection mechanism 2 circumferentially from the detection end and damaging the optical components inside the component detection mechanism 2. The first sealing gasket 22 should have high temperature resistance and good sealing performance, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket or a nylon gasket.

[0058] Specifically, the inner wall of the outer shell 1 is provided with an internal thread, and correspondingly, the component detection mechanism 2 is provided with an external thread. The component detection mechanism 2 is screwed to the outer shell 1, which facilitates the disassembly of the component detection mechanism 2 when it malfunctions and needs to be repaired or replaced.

[0059] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the drilling fluid delivery mechanism 3 includes a screw pump 31. Multiple sealed chambers are formed between the screw pump 31 and the cavity. When the screw pump 31 operates, it creates a negative pressure by connecting the inlet 11 to the outside, drawing the upward-flowing drilling fluid into the cavity. The fluid then flows through the multiple sealed chambers and finally reaches the detection end of the component detection mechanism 2 for sampling and detection before being discharged from the outlet 12 into the drilling fluid detection device. The screw pump 31 maintains a constant rotational speed to ensure real-time updates of the upward-flowing drilling fluid within the drilling fluid detection device. Specifically, the screw pump 31 includes a motor 311, a transmission assembly 312, and a screw 313 connected sequentially along the length of the outer casing 1. The transmission assembly 312 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 3111 of the motor 311, and the screw 313 is connected to the motor 311 via the transmission assembly 312. To prevent the upward drilling fluid from entering the motor 311 and damaging it, a second sealing washer 314 is fitted onto the drive shaft 3111. The second sealing washer 314 abuts against the transmission assembly 312 and fits against the inner wall of the housing 1. Furthermore, a limiting structure 315 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. The limiting structure 315 is a partially cylindrical structure extending along the length of the housing 1, which can engage with the groove extending along the length of the housing 1 on the outer periphery of the second sealing washer 314. This is used to circumferentially limit the second sealing washer 314 and prevent the second sealing washer 314 from rotating with the drive shaft 3111, thus preventing poor sealing performance.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting fluid while drilling, comprising using a fluid while drilling detection device to detect the components of the ascending drilling fluid, characterized in that, The drilling fluid detection method includes the following steps: S1, Obtain the drilling speed V of the drill bit; S2. Adjust the sampling and detection frequency f of the drilling fluid detection device according to the drilling speed V of the drill bit, so that the drilling distance d of the drill bit remains unchanged during any two adjacent sampling and detection intervals.

2. The drilling fluid detection method according to claim 1, wherein the drilling distance d is in the range of 1cm-2cm.

3. The method for detecting fluid while drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11. Obtain the acceleration A of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space: A = [A x A y A z ], obtain the angular velocity G = [G] of the drill bit along the x, y, and z axes in three-dimensional space. x G y G z ]; S12. Based on the acceleration A and angular velocity G obtained in S11, calculate the drilling speed V of the drill bit using an inertial navigation algorithm.

4. A drilling fluid detection device, used in the drilling fluid detection method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (1) is capable of being connected to the drill rod. The outer shell (1) has a cavity inside and an inlet (11) and an outlet (12) connecting the cavity to the outside. The component detection mechanism (2) is located at one end of the outer shell (1) where the outlet (12) is provided, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism (2) is located inside the cavity; Drilling fluid delivery mechanism (3), wherein the drilling fluid delivery mechanism (3) is disposed within the cavity; A speed detection mechanism (4) is disposed in the cavity and is used to obtain the drilling speed V of the drill bit. The control board (5) is disposed in the cavity and is signal connected to the speed detection mechanism (4) and the component detection mechanism (2).

5. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The speed detection mechanism (4) includes an accelerometer and a gyroscope.

6. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection end of the component detection mechanism (2) is fitted with a first sealing gasket (22) to seal the gap between the detection end and the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

7. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A step is provided inside the cavity, and the detection end of the component detection mechanism (2) abuts against the step.

8. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drilling fluid delivery mechanism (3) includes a screw pump (31), which includes a motor (311), a transmission assembly (312), and a screw (313) connected sequentially along the length of the outer casing (1). The transmission assembly (312) is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (3111) of the motor (311). The screw (313) is connected to the motor (311) through the transmission assembly (312). A second sealing gasket (314) is sleeved on the drive shaft (3111). The second sealing gasket (314) is used to seal the gap between the transmission assembly (312) and the inner wall of the outer casing (1).

9. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer shell (1) is provided with a limiting structure (315), which is used to circumferentially limit the second sealing gasket (314).

10. The drilling fluid detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The component detection mechanism (2) is screwed to the outer shell (1).

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