Multi-way switching valve

Abstract

The application provides a multi-pass switching valve, comprising a valve island and a switching assembly; the valve island is provided with a first port; the switching assembly comprises a main body structure, a flow guide structure and a valve core structure; the main body structure is internally provided with a first flow passage, which is communicated with the first port; the flow guide structure is arranged in the first flow passage, and the flow guide structure is internally provided with a flow guide channel for guiding flow; the valve core structure is rotatably arranged on the main body structure, and the valve core structure is internally provided with a switching channel, which is communicated with the flow guide channel; the application realizes high-efficiency communication between the switching channel in the valve core structure and the first port with a simple structure, effectively reduces the flow resistance between the switching channel and the first port, and effectively improves the overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium; the multi-pass switching valve provided by the application realizes a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency through optimization design; the application has simple structure and low cost, is convenient to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and more specifically, to a multi-way switching valve. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the switching between heating and cooling modes in air conditioning systems is mainly achieved through a four-way valve.

[0003] Existing automotive four-way valves typically include a valve island with a main flow channel and three branch flow channels. The high-pressure inlet of the main flow channel is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor. The three branch flow channels have a low-pressure outlet, an evaporator outlet, and a condenser outlet, respectively. The condenser outlet is connected to the condenser, the evaporator outlet is connected to the evaporator, and the low-pressure outlet is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor. When the air conditioner needs to switch between cooling and heating modes, the four-way valve can achieve the connection between the main flow channel and a certain branch flow channel by rotating the valve core in the valve island, thereby realizing the reversing operation.

[0004] However, in existing automotive four-way valves, when the internal channel of the valve core is connected to the low-pressure outlet, the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium (i.e., fluid) is relatively large, resulting in a low overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a multi-way switching valve to solve the problem that in the prior art, the internal passage of the valve core of a four-way valve for automobiles has a large flow resistance of the internal heat exchange medium when it is connected to the low-pressure outlet, which in turn results in a low overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a multi-port switching valve, comprising: a valve island and a switching assembly; the valve island having a first port; the switching assembly comprising a main body structure, a flow guiding structure, and a valve core structure; the main body structure having a first flow cavity inside, the first flow cavity communicating with the first port; the flow guiding structure being disposed within the first flow cavity, the flow guiding structure having a flow guiding channel for guiding flow inside; the valve core structure being rotatably disposed on the main body structure, the valve core structure having a switching channel inside, the switching channel communicating with the flow guiding channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the opening connecting the flow guide channel and the switching channel is a third opening, and the opening connecting the switching channel and the flow guide channel is a fourth opening; the end of the flow guide structure with the third opening is spaced apart from the end of the valve core structure with the fourth opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance between the end of the flow guiding structure with the third opening and the end of the valve core structure with the fourth opening is t, 0.2mm≤t≤1mm; and / or, the flow guiding structure is made of non-metallic material.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening connecting the switching channel and the guide channel is the fourth opening, and the opening connecting the guide channel and the fourth opening is the third opening; during the rotation of the valve core structure, at least a portion of the fourth opening is always aligned with the third opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the valve island has an installation cavity inside; the valve island also has a second port, a third port and a fourth port; at least a part of the main structure is disposed in the installation cavity; the main structure also has a second flow cavity inside; the second flow cavity is connected to the second port; the end of the switching channel away from the fourth opening can be selectively connected to the third port or the fourth port by the rotation of the valve core structure; wherein, the first port and the second port are disposed on the side wall of the valve island and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island, and the third port and the fourth port are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotation range of the valve core structure is located between the first end and the second end; the third opening and the fourth opening are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the third opening along the axial direction of the third opening; when the valve core structure rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel away from the fourth opening is connected to the third port, and the projection of the fourth opening is located within the projection of the third opening, or the projection of the fourth opening coincides with the projection of the third opening; when the valve core structure rotates to the second end, the end of the switching channel away from the fourth opening is connected to the fourth port, and the projection of the fourth opening is located within the projection of the third opening, or the projection of the fourth opening coincides with the projection of the third opening; and / or, the inner wall bends of the fourth opening and the switching channel are both rounded.

[0012] Furthermore, the first port is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port is connected to the evaporator. The switching component switches one of the first and second ports to be connected to one of the third and fourth ports, and the other of the first and second ports to be connected to the other of the third and fourth ports, so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0013] Furthermore, the projections of the first opening and the guide channel onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening at least partially coincide.

[0014] Furthermore, the opening at one end of the first flow cavity that connects to the first port is called the first opening, and the opening at one end of the flow channel that connects to the first flow cavity is called the second opening. The first port, the first opening, and the second opening are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port, and the projections of the first port, the first opening, and the second opening at least partially overlap. At least two of the central axes of the first port, the first opening, and the second opening are parallel or collinear. The opening connecting the flow channel and the switching channel is called the third opening, and the opening connecting the switching channel and the flow channel is called the fourth opening. The first port, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, and the fourth opening are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port, and the projections of the first port, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, and the fourth opening all overlap.

[0015] Furthermore, the flow guiding structure has a through hole that runs through the flow guiding structure along its axial direction and is connected to the flow guiding channel; the valve core structure passes through the through hole and is slidably limited to the inner wall of the through hole; the connecting end of the switching channel and the flow guiding channel is located inside the through hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the central axis of the through hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the guide channel; and / or, the inner wall of the first flow cavity has a first positioning boss, the outer periphery of the guide structure has a first positioning groove, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove to constrain the guide structure; or, the guide structure has a first positioning boss, the inner wall of the first flow cavity has a first positioning groove, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove to constrain the guide structure; and / or, the guide structure has a second positioning boss, the end of the main structure near the first flow cavity has a second positioning groove, at least a portion of the second positioning boss extends into the second positioning groove and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the second positioning groove; or, the end of the main structure near the first flow cavity has a second positioning boss, the guide structure has a second positioning groove, at least a portion of the second positioning boss extends into the second positioning groove and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the second positioning groove.

[0017] Applying the technical solution of this invention, this invention provides a multi-port switching valve, comprising: a valve island and a switching assembly; the valve island has a first port; the switching assembly includes a main body structure, a flow guiding structure, and a valve core structure; the main body structure has a first flow cavity inside, the first flow cavity being connected to the first port; the flow guiding structure is disposed within the first flow cavity, and the flow guiding structure has a flow guiding channel inside for guiding flow; the valve core structure is rotatably disposed on the main body structure, and the valve core structure has a switching channel inside, the switching channel being connected to the flow guiding channel.

[0018] This invention, through the design of a flow guiding structure, achieves efficient communication between the switching channel and the first port within the valve core structure using a simple design. This effectively reduces the flow resistance between the switching channel and the first port, and significantly improves the overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. The multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention, through optimized design, achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency. This invention is simple in structure and low in cost, easy to assemble and maintain, and suitable for large-scale application. In practical applications in air conditioning systems, it has been found that the multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention reduces energy loss during the flow of the heat exchange medium, improves the overall performance of the air conditioning system, and thus enhances the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This diagram shows the internal structure of a multi-way switching valve section provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-way switching valve after removing the valve island is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a multi-way switching valve after removing the valve island is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the valve core structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve core structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a multi-port switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the flow guiding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the flow guiding structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown at another angle.

[0028] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0029] 10. Valve island; 11. Mounting cavity; 12. First port; 13. Second port; 14. Third port; 15. Fourth port;

[0030] 20. Switching component; 23. Main structure; 231. First flow chamber; 2311. First opening; 232. Second flow chamber; 24. Valve core structure; 241. Switching channel; 2411. Fourth opening; 25. Flow guiding structure; 251. Flow guiding channel; 2511. Second opening; 2512. Third opening; 252. Through hole; 27. First positioning groove; 28. Second positioning boss. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port switching valve, including: a valve island 10 and a switching assembly 20; the valve island 10 has a first port 12; the switching assembly 20 includes a main body structure 23, a flow guiding structure 25 and a valve core structure 24; the main body structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231 inside, which communicates with the first port 12; the flow guiding structure 25 is disposed in the first flow cavity 231, and the flow guiding structure 25 has a flow guiding channel 251 for guiding flow inside; the valve core structure 24 is rotatably disposed on the main body structure 23, and the valve core structure 24 has a switching channel 241 inside, which communicates with the flow guiding channel 251.

[0033] This invention, through the setting of the flow guiding structure 25, achieves efficient communication between the switching channel 241 inside the valve core structure 24 and the first port 12 with a simple structure, effectively reducing the flow resistance between the switching channel 241 and the first port 12, and effectively improving the overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. The multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention, through optimized design, achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency. This invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. After practical application in air conditioning systems, it was found that the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention reduces energy loss during the flow of heat exchange medium, improves the overall performance of the air conditioning system, and thus improves the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0034] The multi-way switching valve proposed in this application not only optimizes the internal flow channel design and reduces flow resistance, but also achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency through reasonable layout and material selection. It can provide an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency ratio and energy saving and emission reduction of air conditioning systems.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the opening connecting the flow guiding channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow guiding channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411; the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 is spaced apart from the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 and the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411 is t. The maximum deformation of the flow guiding structure 25 along its axial direction due to temperature change after contacting the heat exchange medium flowing through the flow guiding channel 251 is a, where t > a.

[0037] By setting the interval t between the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 to be greater than the maximum deformation a of the flow guide structure 25 caused by temperature changes, the relative position between the flow guide structure 25 and the valve core structure 24 is kept stable under different temperature conditions. This avoids interference problems between components and blockage of the flow channel caused by temperature changes, and also limits t to be as small as possible, thereby ensuring the flow guiding effect of the flow guide channel 251 on the heat exchange medium. This ensures the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium, ensures that the flow path of the fluid remains efficient and reliable under different temperature conditions, avoids the increase in flow resistance caused by component expansion at high temperatures, and improves the adaptability and stability of the valve under various working conditions.

[0038] Optionally, the distance between the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 and the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411 is t, 0.2mm≤t≤1mm; and / or, the flow guiding structure 25 is made of non-metallic material.

[0039] By controlling the interval distance t between 0.2mm and 1mm and using non-metallic materials to make the flow guide structure 25, not only is the relative position between the flow guide structure 25 and the valve core structure 24 stable, but the weight of the flow guide structure 25 is also effectively reduced, and the flow guide structure 25 is easy to process, form, and assemble. This makes it easier to process the flow guide channel 251 to have a smooth inner wall, thereby reducing the frictional resistance along the flow path within the flow guide channel 251 during fluid flow using a simple process, thus ensuring the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. In addition, the use of non-metallic materials helps to reduce friction and wear of the flow guide structure 25, thereby extending the service life of the valve.

[0040] Specifically, the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the guide channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411, and the opening connecting the guide channel 251 and the fourth opening 2411 is the third opening 2512; during the rotation of the valve core structure 24, at least a portion of the fourth opening 2411 is always aligned with the third opening 2512.

[0041] This design ensures that when the valve core structure 24 is rotated to connect with the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, the fourth opening 2411 remains connected with the first port 12. This design ensures that the fluid flow path inside the valve remains open at all times, reducing fluid resistance loss during the switching process and improving the efficiency and speed of fluid flow. At the same time, this design allows the multi-port switching valve to adapt to a wider range of fluid flow and pressure changes, thus broadening its application range.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential extension angle of the fourth opening 2411 is not less than the circumferential interval angle between the third opening 14 and the fourth opening 15, so that when the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third opening 14 or the fourth opening 15, the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the first opening 12.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the valve island 10 has an installation cavity 11 inside; the valve island 10 also has a second port 13, a third port 14 and a fourth port 15; at least a part of the main structure 23 is disposed in the installation cavity 11; the main structure 23 also has a second flow cavity 232 inside; the second flow cavity 232 is connected to the second port 13; the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core structure 24; wherein, the first port 12 and the second port 13 are disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10.

[0044] By setting the first port 12 and the second port 13 on the side wall of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 on the bottom wall of the valve island 10, the internal structural layout of the multi-way switching valve is optimized, making the flow path of the heat exchange medium between different ports more reasonable, reducing flow resistance and improving flow efficiency. In addition, by setting the spacing of the first port 12 and the second port 13 on the side wall, and the layout of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 on the bottom wall, the multi-way switching valve is not only more compact and easier to integrate into the air conditioning system, but also facilitates the subsequent design of related sealing structures and rapid installation.

[0045] Specifically, the rotation range of the valve core structure 24 is located between the first end and the second end; the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the third opening 2512 along the axial direction of the third opening 2512; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third port 14, and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the second end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the fourth port 15, and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; and / or, the inner wall bends of the fourth opening 2411 and the switching channel 241 are rounded.

[0046] Through the projection design of the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411, after the valve core structure 24 is rotated into place (i.e. rotated to the first end or the second end), the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 is used as the heat exchange medium outlet, and the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512 can be smoothly connected.

[0047] The rounded corners of the inner walls of the fourth opening 2411 and the switching channel 241 further optimize the flow path of the fluid at the channel connection, reduce eddies and collisions during fluid flow, lower fluid flow resistance, and improve the smoothness and efficiency of fluid flow. At the same time, this design also helps to extend the service life of the valve core structure 24 and the guide structure 25 and reduce maintenance costs. By setting the relative position between the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guide channel 251 is further optimized, reducing flow resistance and improving the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium.

[0048] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the projection of the third opening 2512 and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 completely coincide, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512. This arrangement ensures that when the valve core structure 24 rotates to communicate with the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, the fluid flow path can remain continuous and smooth, further reducing the resistance of the fluid during the switching process and improving the efficiency of fluid flow. At the same time, by limiting the projection, the high efficiency and reliability of the multi-way switching valve in different working modes are ensured.

[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first port 12 serves as the outlet of the low-pressure heat exchange medium, and the two ends of the rotation range of the valve core structure 24 (corresponding to the distance between the third port 14 and the fourth port 15) are the first end and the second end, respectively; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third port 14, and the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the outlet of the heat exchange medium, and the inner wall of the fourth opening 2411 on one side along the rotation direction of the valve core structure 24 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the third opening 2512 (i.e., the fourth opening is directly opposite to the third opening 2512). One side edge of the hollow portion of the projection coincides with one side edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection); when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the second end point, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the fourth port 15. The fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the heat exchange medium outlet. The inner wall of the fourth opening 2411 on the other side along the rotation direction of the valve core structure 24 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the other side of the third opening 2512 (that is, the other side edge of the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the other side edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection), thereby further reducing the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium.

[0050] Specifically, the first port 12 is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port 13 is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port 14 is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 is connected to the evaporator. The switching component 20 switches one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, and the other of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to the other of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0051] By connecting the first port 12 to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor, and the second port 13, the third port 14, and the fourth port 15 to the high-pressure outlet, the condenser, and the evaporator of the compressor, respectively, efficient switching between cooling and heating modes is achieved. This design ensures that the fluid can flow through a shorter and smoother path in different operating modes, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire air conditioning system, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system, and making a significant contribution to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0052] With the above settings, the switching component 20 can selectively connect to different ports according to the needs of the air conditioning system's operating mode, thereby achieving efficient switching of the heat exchange medium between cooling and heating modes.

[0053] Specifically, the projections of the first opening 12 and the guide channel 251 onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 at least partially overlap.

[0054] The above-mentioned design of overlapping projections ensures that the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first port 12 and the guide channel 251 is connected and unobstructed, thereby reducing energy loss during the flow process and improving the overall performance of the system. In the actual use of air conditioning systems that switch between cooling and heating modes (such as vehicle air conditioning systems), this design can quickly respond to the needs of users and achieve efficient switching between cooling and heating modes.

[0055] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential sidewall of the first opening 12 and the circumferential sidewall of the guide channel 251 are projected along the axial direction of the first opening 12 onto the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first opening 12. The projection of the circumferential sidewall of the first opening 12 forms a hollow first hollow projection, and the projection of the circumferential sidewall of the guide channel 251 forms a hollow second hollow projection. The non-hollow portion of the first hollow projection does not coincide with the hollow portion of the second hollow projection; and / or, at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow portion of the first hollow projection or is located within the hollow portion of the first hollow projection.

[0056] This design defines the relative positional relationship between the first inlet 12 and the flow channel 251, so that the circumferential sidewall of the first inlet 12 will not directly block the fluid (i.e. heat exchange medium) flowing out of the flow channel 251, effectively avoiding unnecessary eddies and turbulence generated during the flow process, reducing flow resistance and improving the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium.

[0057] It should be noted that the multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention optimizes the fluid flow path within the valve through a carefully designed geometric projection relationship, thereby significantly reducing the fluid flow resistance and improving the overall fluid flow efficiency. A key aspect of this design lies in the ingenious arrangement of the relative position and shape projection between the first port 12 and the guide channel 251.

[0058] Specifically, the underlying physical and engineering principles are fluid dynamics and mechanical structure optimization design; 1. Fluid dynamics principle: When a fluid (i.e., heat exchange medium) flows in a pipe or channel, its flow performance is affected by the geometry, size, and relative position of the pipe or channel; when the fluid encounters a sudden change or obstruction in the channel cross-section, turbulence and vortices will be generated, which will increase the resistance of fluid flow and reduce its flow efficiency; This invention can reduce turbulence and vortices in fluid flow by optimizing the geometric design and relative position of the channel, thereby reducing the resistance of fluid flow and improving the overall efficiency of fluid flow; 2. Mechanical structure optimization design: In this invention, the projection relationship design between the first opening 12 and the guide channel 251 ensures that when the fluid enters the first opening 12 through the guide channel 251, it can flow along a relatively smooth path, avoiding sudden changes in the fluid flow path, reducing turbulence and vortices in the channel, reducing the resistance of fluid flow, and improving the efficiency of fluid flow.

[0059] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the hollow projection can be a loop projection or an annular projection, wherein the middle part of the loop projection or annular projection is the projection portion of the channel, and the outer periphery represents the projection of the solid portion; the first hollow projection can be a first loop projection, and the second hollow projection can be a second loop projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second loop projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the first loop projection; or, the first hollow projection can be a first annular projection, and the second hollow projection can be a second annular projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second annular projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the first annular projection.

[0060] Through the design of the above projection relationship, the present invention effectively reduces flow resistance, improves the overall flow efficiency of the fluid, reduces the generation of turbulence and vortices, and improves the flow efficiency of the fluid in the multi-way switching valve, thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire device; in addition, the above design has a compact structure, saves space, and has significant technical and economic advantages.

[0061] Furthermore, the opening at one end of the first flow cavity 231 that communicates with the first port 12 is called the first opening 2311, and the opening at one end of the guide channel 251 that communicates with the first flow cavity 231 is called the second opening 2511. The first port 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first port 12, and the projections of the first port 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 at least partially overlap. The central axis of the first port 12, the central axis of the first opening 2311, and the central axis of the second opening 2511 are all... Two parallel or collinear openings are missing; the opening connecting the flow channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411; the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, the second opening 2511, the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 along the axis of the first opening 12, and the projections of the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, the second opening 2511, the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 all coincide.

[0062] This configuration further optimizes the fluid flow path and reduces the resistance of the fluid during the flow process.

[0063] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the opening connecting the flow channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411. The third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 along the axis of the first opening 12, and the projections of the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 at least partially overlap.

[0064] By ensuring that the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 coincide in the projection, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guiding channel 251 is further optimized, the flow resistance is reduced, and the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved.

[0065] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the opening connecting the flow channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411. The circumferential sidewalls of the third opening 2512 and the circumferential sidewalls of the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 along the axis of the first opening 12. The projection of the circumferential sidewall of the third opening 2512 forms a hollow third hollow projection, and the projection of the circumferential sidewall of the fourth opening 2411 forms a hollow fourth hollow projection. The non-hollow portion of the third hollow projection does not coincide with the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection; and / or, at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection or is located within the hollow portion of the third hollow projection.

[0066] By setting the relative positions between the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411, unnecessary eddies and turbulence are avoided due to obstruction and collision during the process of fluid entering the guide channel 251 from the switching channel 241. This reduces flow resistance and improves the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. As a result, the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and response speed of the system, while reducing the system's energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

[0067] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the hollow projection can be a loop projection or annular projection, wherein the middle part of the loop projection or annular projection is the projection portion of the channel, and the outer periphery represents the projection of the solid portion; the third hollow projection can be a third loop projection, and the fourth hollow projection can be a fourth loop projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth loop projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the third loop projection; or, the third hollow projection can be a third annular projection, and the fourth hollow projection can be a fourth annular projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth annular projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the third annular projection.

[0068] Through the above design, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the first port 12 serves as the outlet of the low-pressure heat exchange medium, after the valve core structure 24 is rotated into place, the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the outlet of the heat exchange medium. The inner wall of one side of the fourth opening 2411 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the third opening 2512 (that is, the edge of the hollow part of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow part of the third hollow projection), thereby further reducing the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium.

[0069] The above design significantly improves fluid flow efficiency, ensuring a continuous and smooth flow path without unnecessary cross-sectional changes. This reduces fluid flow resistance, enhancing flow efficiency and velocity, thereby improving the performance of the multi-way switching valve and reducing energy loss. Simultaneously, the reduced fluid flow resistance means faster response when switching between cooling and heating modes, allowing fluid to circulate more quickly within the system, reducing mode switching time, and improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system, thus positively impacting energy conservation and emission reduction. Furthermore, it results in a more compact overall structure. By reducing the complexity of the internal fluid path, the design of the multi-way switching valve is simpler and more compact, saving installation space and potentially reducing material usage and production costs, thus improving the product's economic viability and market competitiveness. In addition, the optimized fluid flow path design reduces fluid eddies and turbulence inside the valve, lowering the risk of wear and blockage, extending maintenance cycles, facilitating cleaning and maintenance, reducing maintenance costs, and improving system operational stability.

[0070] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the opening at one end of the first flow cavity 231 that is connected to the first port 12 is the first opening 2311, and the opening at one end of the guide channel 251 that is connected to the first flow cavity 231 is the second opening 2511. The first port 12, the first opening 2311 and the second opening 2511 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port 12 along the axis of the first port 12. At least two parts of the projection of the first port 12, the projection of the first opening 2311 and the projection of the second opening 2511 overlap.

[0071] By ensuring that the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 coincide on the projection, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first flow cavity 231 and the first opening 12 is optimized, the flow resistance is reduced, and the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved.

[0072] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at least two of the central axes of the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 are parallel or collinear; and / or, the central axis of the second opening 2511 is collinear with the central axis of the flow channel 251.

[0073] By ensuring that the central axis is parallel or collinear, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first port 12, the first opening 2311 and the second opening 2511 is further optimized. This not only minimizes the flow resistance and improves the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium, but also significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and response speed of the system, while reducing the system's energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

[0074] Specifically, the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; and / or, the projection of the second opening 2511 is located within the projection of the first opening 2311, or the projection of the second opening 2511 coincides with the projection of the first opening 2311.

[0075] This configuration precisely defines the relative positions and dimensional relationships between the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512, and between the second opening 2511 and the first opening 2311. It further optimizes the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guiding channel 251, resulting in a shorter flow path. This not only facilitates the rapid flow of the heat exchange medium but also allows the fluid to flow with less resistance, improving the continuity and efficiency of fluid flow and further optimizing system performance.

[0076] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the flow guiding structure 25 has a through hole 252, which passes through the flow guiding structure 25 along the axial direction and is connected to the flow guiding channel 251; the valve core structure 24 passes through the through hole 252 and is slidably limited to the inner wall of the through hole 252; the connecting end of the switching channel 241 and the flow guiding channel 251 is located inside the through hole 252.

[0077] This design simplifies the structure of the flow guide structure 25, making it easier to process and shape, while also allowing the flow guide structure 25 to reliably constrain the valve core structure 24 through the through hole 252, thereby improving the working reliability of the valve core structure 24 with a simple structure.

[0078] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the central axis of the through hole 252 is perpendicular to the central axis of the guide channel 251; and / or, the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning boss, the outer periphery of the guide structure 25 has a first positioning groove 27, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the guide structure 25; or, the guide structure 25 has a first positioning boss, the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning groove 27, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the guide structure 25; The inner wall of 27 is used to limit the flow guiding structure 25; and / or, the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning boss 28, and the main body structure 23 has a second positioning groove at one end near the first flow cavity 231, at least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove and is limited by the inner wall of the second positioning groove; or, the main body structure 23 has a second positioning boss 28 at one end near the first flow cavity 231, and the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning groove, at least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove and is limited by the inner wall of the second positioning groove.

[0079] This design, using a simple combination of boss and groove structures, enables the accurate installation of the flow guide structure 25 within the first flow cavity 231, and allows the flow guide structure 25 to be quickly inserted into the first flow cavity 231, effectively improving the overall assembly and disassembly efficiency of the multi-way switching valve. By setting the central axis of the through hole 252 to be perpendicular to the central axis of the flow guide channel 251, the reliable constraint of the through hole 252 on the rotational freedom of the valve core structure 24 is further ensured.

[0080] In summary, this invention provides a multi-port switching valve. By setting a flow guiding structure 25, this invention achieves efficient communication between the switching channel 241 inside the valve core structure 24 and the first port 12 with a simple structure, effectively reducing the flow resistance between the switching channel 241 and the first port 12, and effectively improving the overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. The multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention, through optimized design, achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency. This invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. After practical application in air conditioning systems, it was found that the multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention reduces energy loss during the flow of heat exchange medium, improves the overall performance of the air conditioning system, and thus improves the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction. The multi-port switching valve proposed in this application not only optimizes the internal flow channel design and reduces flow resistance, but also achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency through reasonable layout and material selection, providing an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency ratio and energy conservation and emission reduction of air conditioning systems.

[0081] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0082] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0083] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0084] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0085] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0086] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-port switching valve, characterized in that, include: A valve island (10) and a switching assembly (20); the valve island (10) has a first port (12); the switching assembly (20) includes a main structure (23), a flow guiding structure (25), and a valve core structure (24); the main structure (23) has a first flow cavity (231) inside, which is connected to the first port (12); the flow guiding structure (25) is disposed in the first flow cavity (231), and the flow guiding structure (25) has a flow guiding channel (251) for guiding flow inside; the valve core structure (24) is rotatably disposed on the main structure (23), and the valve core structure (24) has a switching channel (241) inside, which is connected to the flow guiding channel (251).

2. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening connecting the flow guide channel (251) and the switching channel (241) is the third opening (2512), and the opening connecting the switching channel (241) and the flow guide channel (251) is the fourth opening (2411); the end of the flow guide structure (25) with the third opening (2512) is spaced apart from the end of the valve core structure (24) with the fourth opening (2411).

3. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the end of the flow guiding structure (25) with the third opening (2512) and the end of the valve core structure (24) with the fourth opening (2411) is t, 0.2mm≤t≤1mm; and / or, the flow guiding structure (25) is made of non-metallic material.

4. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening connecting the switching channel (241) and the flow guiding channel (251) is the fourth opening (2411), and the opening connecting the flow guiding channel (251) and the fourth opening (2411) is the third opening (2512); during the rotation of the valve core structure (24), at least a portion of the fourth opening (2411) is aligned with the third opening (2512) at all times.

5. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The valve island (10) has an installation cavity (11) inside; the valve island (10) also has a second port (13), a third port (14) and a fourth port (15); at least a part of the main structure (23) is disposed in the installation cavity (11); the main structure (23) also has a second flow cavity (232) inside; the second flow cavity (232) is connected to the second port (13); the end of the switching channel (241) away from the fourth opening (2411) is selectively connected to the third port (14) or the fourth port (15) through the rotation of the valve core structure (24); wherein, the first port (12) and the second port (13) are disposed on the side wall of the valve island (10) and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island (10), and the third port (14) and the fourth port (15) are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island (10).

6. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotation range of the valve core structure (24) is located between the first end and the second end; the third opening (2512) and the fourth opening (2411) are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the third opening (2512) along the axial direction of the third opening (2512); When the valve core structure (24) rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel (241) away from the fourth opening (2411) is connected to the third port (14), and the projection of the fourth opening (2411) is located within the projection of the third opening (2512), or the projection of the fourth opening (2411) coincides with the projection of the third opening (2512). When the valve core structure (24) rotates to the second end, the end of the switching channel (241) away from the fourth opening (2411) is connected to the fourth port (15), and the projection of the fourth opening (2411) is located within the projection of the third opening (2512), or the projection of the fourth opening (2411) coincides with the projection of the third opening (2512). And / or, the inner wall bends of the fourth opening (2411) and the switching channel (241) are rounded.

7. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first port (12) is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, and the second port (13) is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium; the third port (14) is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port (15) is connected to the evaporator; wherein, the switching component (20) switches one of the first port (12) and the second port (13) to be connected to one of the third port (14) and the fourth port (15), and the other of the first port (12) and the second port (13) to be connected to the other of the third port (14) and the fourth port (15), so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

8. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection of the first opening (12) and the flow channel (251) on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening (12) at least partially overlaps.

9. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening at one end of the first flow cavity (231) that communicates with the first port (12) is the first opening (2311), and the opening at one end of the guide channel (251) that communicates with the first flow cavity (231) is the second opening (2511). The first port (12), the first opening (2311) and the second opening (2511) are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port (12) along the axis of the first port (12). The projections of the first port (12), the first opening (2311) and the second opening (2511) at least partially overlap. At least two of the central axes of the first opening (12), the first opening (2311), and the second opening (2511) are parallel or collinear; The opening connecting the flow channel (251) and the switching channel (241) is the third opening (2512), and the opening connecting the switching channel (241) and the flow channel (251) is the fourth opening (2411). The first port (12), the first opening (2311), the second opening (2511), the third opening (2512), and the fourth opening (2411) are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port (12) along the axis of the first port (12). The projections of the first port (12), the first opening (2311), the second opening (2511), the third opening (2512), and the fourth opening (2411) all overlap.

10. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding structure (25) has a through hole (252) that passes through the flow guiding structure (25) along its axial direction and communicates with the flow guiding channel (251); the valve core structure (24) passes through the through hole (252) and is slidably limited to the inner wall of the through hole (252); the connecting end of the switching channel (241) and the flow guiding channel (251) is located inside the through hole (252).

11. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 10, characterized in that, The central axis of the through hole (252) is perpendicular to the central axis of the flow guide channel (251); And / or, the inner wall of the first flow cavity (231) has a first positioning boss, and the outer periphery of the flow guiding structure (25) has a first positioning groove (27), at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove (27) and is limited to the inner wall of the first positioning groove (27) to constrain the flow guiding structure (25); or, the flow guiding structure (25) has a first positioning boss, and the inner wall of the first flow cavity (231) has a first positioning groove (27), at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove (27) and is limited to the inner wall of the first positioning groove (27) to constrain the flow guiding structure (25); And / or, the flow guiding structure (25) has a second positioning boss (28), and the main body structure (23) has a second positioning groove at one end near the first flow cavity (231), with at least a portion of the second positioning boss (28) extending into the second positioning groove and engaging with the inner wall of the second positioning groove; or, the main body structure (23) has a second positioning boss (28) at one end near the first flow cavity (231), and the flow guiding structure (25) has a second positioning groove, with at least a portion of the second positioning boss (28) extending into the second positioning groove and engaging with the inner wall of the second positioning groove.

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