Multi-way switching valve and air conditioning system

Abstract

The application provides a multi-pass switching valve and an air conditioning system, comprising a valve island, a switching assembly and a first sealing structure; the valve island has an installation cavity inside, and the valve island further has a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port; the first port and the second port are arranged on the side wall of the valve island along the axial direction of the valve island, and the third port and the fourth port are arranged on the bottom wall of the valve island; at least a part of the switching assembly is inserted into the installation cavity; wherein the first sealing structure is arranged between the first port and the second port, and sealingly cooperates with the outer periphery of the switching assembly and the inner wall of the installation cavity, so as to isolate the installation cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity. The application realizes sealing and insertion on the valve island with a simple structure, avoids abnormal flow of heat exchange medium, simplifies the overall structure of the multi-pass switching valve, and makes the multi-pass switching valve convenient to disassemble and assemble. The application has a simple structure, low cost, is convenient to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of valve technology, and more specifically, to a multi-way switching valve and an air conditioning system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the switching between heating and cooling modes in air conditioning systems is mainly achieved through a four-way valve.

[0003] Existing automotive four-way valves typically include a valve island with a main flow channel and three branch flow channels. The high-pressure inlet of the main flow channel is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor. The three branch flow channels have a low-pressure outlet, an evaporator outlet, and a condenser outlet, respectively. The condenser outlet is connected to the condenser, the evaporator outlet is connected to the evaporator, and the low-pressure outlet is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor. When the air conditioner needs to switch between cooling and heating modes, the four-way valve can achieve the connection between the main flow channel and a certain branch flow channel by rotating the valve core in the valve island, thereby realizing the reversing operation.

[0004] However, in existing automotive four-way valves, each flow port on the inner wall of the valve island needs to be sealed with the switching component. The entire sealing structure is complex, and when the switching component of the valve island is inserted into the valve island, the seal on the switching component is easy to detach from the switching component, making it difficult to insert and assemble the automotive four-way valve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a multi-way switching valve and an air conditioning system to solve the problems of complex sealing structure of the flow channel port on the inner wall of the valve island and difficult assembly of automotive four-way valves in the prior art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-port switching valve is provided, comprising: a valve island, a switching assembly, and a first sealing structure; the valve island has an internal mounting cavity, and the valve island further comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port; the first port and the second port are axially spaced on the side wall of the valve island, and the third port and the fourth port are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island; at least a portion of the switching assembly is inserted into the mounting cavity for switching the flow path between the first port, the second port, the third port, and the fourth port; wherein, the first sealing structure is disposed between the first port and the second port, and the first sealing structure is sleeved on the outer periphery of the switching assembly and seals against the outer periphery of the switching assembly and the inner wall of the mounting cavity to isolate the mounting cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber communicating with the first port, and the second chamber communicating with the second port.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity of the valve island is cylindrical in the circumferential direction, and the outer circumferential shape of the first sealing structure is adapted to the shape of the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity in the circumferential direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-port switching valve also includes a second sealing structure and a third sealing structure. The switching component has a fifth port and a sixth port, with the fifth port connected to the third port and the fourth port connected to the sixth port. The second sealing structure is disposed between the third port and the fifth port to isolate the third port and the fifth port from the second chamber. The third sealing structure is disposed between the fourth port and the sixth port to isolate the fourth port and the sixth port from the second chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the switching assembly includes a main structure and a valve core structure; at least a portion of the main structure is disposed within the mounting cavity, and a first sealing structure is sealed to the outer periphery of the main structure; the main structure has a first flow cavity and a second flow cavity inside, the first flow cavity communicating with a first chamber, and the second flow cavity communicating with a second chamber; the valve core structure is rotatably disposed within the main structure, and the valve core structure has a switching channel inside, one end of the switching channel communicating with the first flow cavity, and the other end selectively communicating with one of the fifth port and the sixth port through the rotation of the valve core structure, the other of the fifth port and the sixth port communicating with the second port through the second flow cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-port switching valve also includes a core sealing structure, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve core structure and located between the first port and the second port.

[0011] Furthermore, the main structure includes an upper valve cover, a valve body, and a lower valve seat; the valve body is disposed within the mounting cavity, and the valve body has a first flow cavity and a second flow cavity inside; the valve body also has mounting holes at both ends that communicate with the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity respectively; the upper valve cover is fixedly disposed at one end of the valve body; the lower valve seat is fixedly disposed at the other end of the valve body; a portion of the valve core structure passes through the mounting hole and enters the second flow cavity; the core sealing structure is disposed within the mounting hole and respectively seals and cooperates with the inner wall of the mounting hole and the outer periphery of the valve core structure to isolate the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity; the fifth port and the sixth port are respectively located on the lower valve seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the first sealing structure includes a first sealing ring, the second sealing structure includes a second sealing ring, the third sealing structure includes a third sealing ring, and the core sealing structure includes a core sealing ring; the multi-way switching valve also includes a fourth sealing structure, which includes a fourth sealing ring; the outer periphery of the valve body has a first annular groove, the lower valve seat has a second annular groove and a third annular groove spaced apart at one end facing the bottom wall of the valve island, the inner wall of the mounting hole has a fourth annular groove, and the outer periphery of the upper valve cover has a fifth annular groove; wherein, at least a portion of the first sealing ring is disposed within the first annular groove and is connected to the first annular groove. The groove provides a sealing and limiting fit; at least a portion of the fourth sealing ring is disposed within the fifth annular groove and provides a sealing and limiting fit with the fifth annular groove; the first and fourth sealing rings respectively abut against the side walls of the mounting cavity; at least a portion of the second sealing ring is disposed within the second annular groove and provides a sealing and limiting fit with the second annular groove, and at least a portion of the third sealing ring is disposed within the third annular groove and provides a sealing and limiting fit with the third annular groove; the second and third sealing rings respectively abut against the bottom wall of the mounting cavity; at least a portion of the core sealing ring is disposed within the fourth annular groove and provides a sealing and limiting fit with the fourth annular groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the switching assembly includes a main structure and a valve core structure; the multi-port switching valve also includes a drive assembly, which is mounted on the main structure and drivenly connected to the valve core structure to drive the valve core structure to rotate; wherein, the connection end between the drive assembly and the valve core structure is located at the end of the main structure closer to the first port.

[0014] Furthermore, the switching assembly includes a main structure and a valve core structure; the main structure includes an upper valve cover, a valve body, and a lower valve seat; the valve body has a first flow cavity and a second flow cavity inside; the valve core structure includes a valve core body, a first bearing, and a second bearing, the valve core body has a switching channel inside, one end of the switching channel is connected to a first port, the other end is located in the second flow cavity, and can be selectively connected to a third port or a fourth port by rotating the valve core body; the first bearing is disposed on the valve body and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body; the second bearing is disposed on the upper valve cover and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body; the valve core structure also includes a slider and an annular sealing ring, the slider is sleeved on the end of the valve core body located in the second flow cavity, and the internal channel is connected to the switching channel; the annular sealing ring is disposed between the slider and the end of the valve core body located in the second flow cavity, for sealing the gap between the slider and the valve core body; wherein, the slider is slidably disposed on the lower valve seat; the annular sealing ring is made of elastic material; the slider and / or the lower valve seat is made of plastic material.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, an air conditioning system is provided, the air conditioning system including the above-mentioned multi-way switching valve, the air conditioning system further including a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator; the multi-way switching valve is a four-way valve, the first port is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port is connected to the evaporator; wherein, the switching component controls the flow direction of the heat exchange medium by switching.

[0016] Applying the technical solution of this invention, this invention provides a multi-way switching valve, comprising: a valve island, a switching component, and a first sealing structure; the valve island has an internal mounting cavity, and the valve island also has a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port; the first port and the second port are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island on the side wall of the valve island, and the third port and the fourth port are located on the bottom wall of the valve island; at least a portion of the switching component is inserted into the mounting cavity for switching the flow path between the first port, the second port, the third port, and the fourth port; wherein, the first sealing structure is disposed between the first port and the second port, and the first sealing structure is sleeved on the outer periphery of the switching component and seals against the outer periphery of the switching component and the inner wall of the mounting cavity to isolate the mounting cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber communicating with the first port, and the second chamber communicating with the second port.

[0017] This invention achieves a seal on the valve island with a simple structure by setting the first and second ports on the side wall of the valve island at intervals along the axial direction of the valve island, combined with a first sealing structure. This solves the problem of complex sealing structures for flow passages on the inner side wall of valve islands in existing technologies. The first port can connect to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port can connect to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port can connect to the condenser, and the fourth port can connect to the evaporator. This invention, through the spaced first and second ports and the first sealing structure, solves the problem of difficult sealing between the high-pressure inlet and low-pressure outlet of existing automotive four-way valves, preventing abnormal flow of the heat exchange medium. Furthermore, this invention, by setting an installation cavity, allows the switching assembly and the first... The sealing structure allows for quick insertion into the valve island for installation, simplifying the overall structure of the multi-way switching valve and facilitating its disassembly and assembly. This solves the problem of difficult plug-in assembly of existing automotive four-way valves. The invention is simple in structure and low in cost, facilitating assembly and subsequent maintenance, making it suitable for large-scale deployment. In practical applications in automotive air conditioning systems, it enables rapid switching between heating and cooling modes and facilitates disassembly and maintenance. Furthermore, it effectively reduces the risk of heat exchange medium leakage, thereby improving the reliability and energy efficiency of the subsequent air conditioning system. This invention is not only applicable to automotive air conditioning systems but can also be widely used in heat pumps, refrigeration, and cooling systems, providing more flexible, efficient, and environmentally friendly technical solutions for commercial and industrial equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-port switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the internal structure of the multi-way switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the limiting element is not installed.

[0021] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the internal structure of the multi-port switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention when the valve island is not installed.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the switching component provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the valve core provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the valve core provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the valve body provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the valve body provided in an embodiment of the present invention at another angle is shown;

[0027] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the lower valve seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the specific structure of the lower valve seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention at another angle;

[0029] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the flow guiding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the flow guiding structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown at another angle.

[0031] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of the upper valve cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a multi-port switching valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the output gear structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0034] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0035] 10. Valve island; 11. Mounting cavity; 111. First chamber; 112. Second chamber; 113. Mounting opening; 12. First port; 13. Second port; 14. Third port; 15. Fourth port;

[0036] 20. Switching component; 21. Fifth port; 22. Sixth port; 23. Main structure; 231. First flow chamber; 2311. First opening; 232. Second flow chamber; 233. Upper valve cover; 2331. Fifth annular groove; 234. Valve body; 2341. First annular groove; 235. Lower valve seat; 2351. Second annular groove; 2352. Third annular groove; 236. Mounting hole; 2361. Fourth annular groove; 237. Positioning protrusion; 238. Positioning groove; 24. Valve core structure; 241. Switching channel; 2411, Fourth opening; 242, Valve core body; 2421, Main core body; 2422, Upper valve spindle; 2423, Lower valve spindle; 243, First bearing; 244, Second bearing; 245, Third bearing; 246, Slider; 247, Annular sealing ring; 25, Flow guiding structure; 251, Flow guiding channel; 2511, Second opening; 2512, Third opening; 252, Through hole; 26, First positioning boss; 27, First positioning groove; 28, Second positioning boss; 29, Second positioning groove;

[0037] 30. First sealing structure; 31. First sealing ring;

[0038] 40. Second sealing structure; 41. Second sealing ring;

[0039] 60. Core sealing structure; 61. Core sealing ring;

[0040] 70. Fourth sealing structure; 71. Fourth sealing ring;

[0041] 80. Drive assembly; 81. Drive motor; 82. Output gear structure; 821. Cavity; 822. Gear teeth; 823. Mating hole;

[0042] 90. Limiting components;

[0043] 100. Limiting structure; 101. Limiting protrusion; 102. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port switching valve, including: a valve island 10, a switching assembly 20, and a first sealing structure 30; the valve island 10 has an internal mounting cavity 11, and the valve island 10 also has a first port 12, a second port 13, a third port 14, and a fourth port 15; the first port 12 and the second port 13 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10 on the side wall of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10; at least a portion of the switching assembly 20 is inserted into the mounting cavity 11, and used for... The flow path between the first port 12, the second port 13, the third port 14, and the fourth port 15 is switched; wherein, the first sealing structure 30 is disposed between the first port 12 and the second port 13, the first sealing structure 30 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the switching component 20, and seals with the outer periphery of the switching component 20 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11 to isolate the mounting cavity 11 into a first chamber 111 and a second chamber 112, the first chamber 111 being connected to the first port 12, and the second chamber 112 being connected to the second port 13.

[0046] This invention achieves a simple seal on the valve island 10 by setting a first port 12 and a second port 13 on the side wall of the valve island 10 and spacing them along the axial direction of the valve island 10, combined with a first sealing structure 30. This solves the problem of complex sealing structures for flow channels on the inner side wall of valve islands in existing technologies. The first port 12 can be connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, and the second port 13 can be connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium. The third port 14 can be connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 can be connected to the evaporator. This invention, through the spaced first port 12 and second port 13, combined with the first sealing structure 30, solves the problem of difficult sealing between the high-pressure inlet and low-pressure outlet of existing automotive four-way valves, avoiding abnormal flow of the heat exchange medium. This invention, by setting an installation cavity 11, allows for switching... Component 20 and the first sealing structure 30 can be quickly inserted into the valve island 10 for installation, which simplifies the overall structure of the multi-way switching valve and makes it easy to disassemble and assemble, thus solving the problem of difficult plug-in assembly of existing automotive four-way valves. The invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. In practical applications in automotive air conditioning systems, the invention can realize rapid switching between heating and cooling modes, reduce the number of pipes in the air conditioning system, and facilitate disassembly, assembly and maintenance by staff. In addition, the invention effectively reduces the risk of heat exchange medium leakage, thereby improving the reliability and energy efficiency ratio of the subsequent air conditioning system. The invention is not only applicable to automotive air conditioning systems, but can also be widely used in heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, providing more flexible, efficient and environmentally friendly technical solutions for commercial and industrial equipment.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the internal structure of the multi-port switching valve is illustrated, especially the structure of the valve island 10 and the positions of the first port 12 and the second port 13 on the side wall, as well as the layout of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 on the bottom wall. This design enables the switching assembly 20 to switch efficiently inside the valve island 10, and through the cooperation of the first sealing structure 30, leakage of the heat exchange medium during the switching process is effectively avoided, enhancing the reliability of the seal.

[0048] Specifically, the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity 11 of the valve island 10 is cylindrical in the circumferential direction, and the outer circumferential shape of the first sealing structure 30 is adapted to the shape of the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity 11 in the circumferential direction. By setting the outer circumferential shape of the first sealing structure 30 to match the cylindrical contour of the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity 11, its outer circumference can be tightly fitted with the cylindrical surface of the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11, ensuring the formation of an effective circumferential seal and preventing fluid leakage; furthermore, the combination of the cylindrical sealing ring and the corresponding cylindrical inner wall of the mounting cavity 11 can provide uniform contact pressure, which helps to form a stable sealing interface, and the sealing performance can remain stable even under high-pressure fluid operating conditions.

[0049] It is also worth noting that, compared to the irregularly shaped sealing rings in existing sealing structures, the cylindrical sealing interface can provide uniform contact pressure, which greatly enhances the sealing effect and reduces the risk of fluid leakage. Especially in applications involving switching between high-pressure and high-speed fluids, this design can ensure the stability and reliability of the system. At the same time, the above design also simplifies the installation and maintenance process. The cylindrical sealing ring matches the shape of the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11, simplifying the installation process of the first sealing structure 30, improving assembly efficiency, and making subsequent maintenance and replacement of seals easier, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the end of the third port 14 facing the second chamber 112 and the end of the fourth port 15 facing the second chamber 112 are respectively located on the same plane of the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11. The distance between this plane and the first port 12 along the axial direction of the valve island 10 is the first distance, and the distance between this plane and the second port 13 along the axial direction of the valve island 10 is the second distance. The first distance and the second distance are not the same.

[0051] By further defining the layout of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, the ends of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 facing the second chamber 112 are located on the same plane of the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11, which is different from the distance of the first port 12 and the second port 13 along the axial direction of the valve island 10. This layout simplifies the overall structure of the multi-way switching valve, improves the convenience of assembly, and helps to control the precise positioning of the valve core structure 24 in the switching position, avoiding problems such as poor switching or leakage caused by improper layout.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the multi-port switching valve also includes a second sealing structure 40 and a third sealing structure. The switching assembly 20 has a fifth port 21 and a sixth port 22. The fifth port 21 is connected to the third port 14, and the fourth port 15 is connected to the sixth port 22. The second sealing structure 40 is disposed between the third port 14 and the fifth port 21 to isolate the third port 14 and the fifth port 21 from the second chamber 112. The third sealing structure is disposed between the fourth port 15 and the sixth port 22 to isolate the fourth port 15 and the sixth port 22 from the second chamber 112.

[0053] By setting the second sealing structure 40 and the third sealing structure, the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are isolated from the second chamber 112 with a simple structure. By adding the sealing structure, the multi-way switching valve can more effectively prevent the mixing of media between different flow channels, improve the overall performance and reliability of the system, especially the sealing effect when switching between high-pressure and low-pressure media.

[0054] like Figures 4 to 13 As shown, the switching assembly 20 includes a main structure 23 and a valve core structure 24; at least a portion of the main structure 23 is disposed in the mounting cavity 11, and the first sealing structure 30 is sealed to the outer periphery of the main structure 23; the main structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231 and a second flow cavity 232 inside, the first flow cavity 231 is connected to the first chamber 111, and the second flow cavity 232 is connected to the second chamber 112; the valve core structure 24 is rotatably disposed in the main structure 23, and the valve core structure 24 has a switching channel 241 inside, one end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first flow cavity 231, and the other end is selectively connected to one of the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 through the rotation of the valve core structure 24, and the other of the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 is connected to the second port 13 through the second flow cavity 232.

[0055] By combining the main structure 23 and the valve core structure 24, the rotation of the valve core structure 24 enables the switching between the first flow chamber 231 and the fifth port 21 or the sixth port 22. Simultaneously, the first sealing structure 30 ensures a seal between the main structure 23 and the valve island 10. This improves the valve's switching efficiency and sealing performance, enhances system stability and safety, simplifies the valve's structure, and facilitates assembly and maintenance. The aforementioned applications can include automotive air conditioning systems, heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, and are particularly suitable for applications requiring rapid switching between different ports. When switching is needed, the valve core structure 24 is driven to rotate, connecting one end of the switching channel 241 to the first flow chamber 231 and the other end selectively connecting to the fifth port 21 or the sixth port 22. Simultaneously, the first sealing structure 30 ensures a seal between the main structure 23 and the valve island 10, preventing leakage of the heat exchange medium.

[0056] Specifically, when the other end of the switching channel 241 of the valve core structure 24 is connected to the fifth port 21, the valve core structure 24 seals the fifth port 21 to isolate the fifth port 21 from the second flow cavity 232, and the sixth port 22 is connected to the second port 13; when the other end of the switching channel 241 of the valve core structure 24 is connected to the sixth port 22, the valve core structure 24 seals the sixth port 22 to isolate the sixth port 22 from the second flow cavity 232, and the fifth port 21 is connected to the second port 13.

[0057] This configuration ensures that the flow direction of the medium can be effectively controlled when switching between different flow channels, avoiding abnormal flow of the medium and guaranteeing the stability and efficiency of system operation.

[0058] The rotation of the valve core structure 24 enables the switching channel 241 to connect with either the fifth port 21 or the sixth port 22, while simultaneously sealing the other port. This ensures smooth flow in the connected state and a tight seal in the disconnected state, improving the valve's switching accuracy and sealing performance, reducing heat exchange medium leakage, and enhancing system stability and safety. Applications include automotive air conditioning systems, heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, and it is particularly suitable for situations requiring precise switching between different ports.

[0059] It should be noted that: Figures 4 to 6 The specific structure of the switching assembly 20 and the valve core structure 24 is shown, clearly explaining how the switching channel 241 achieves flow channel switching through rotation. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The details of the switching channel 241 are further explained from both external and internal perspectives, as well as how it works in conjunction with the first flow cavity 231 and the second flow cavity 232 inside the main structure 23. When the valve core structure 24 does not block the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 (i.e., when the switching component 20 is not installed), the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 are respectively connected to the second flow cavity 232.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multi-port switching valve also includes a core sealing structure 60, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 and located between the first port 12 and the second port 13.

[0061] By setting the core sealing structure 60 around the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 and between the first port 12 and the second port 13, the sealing performance of the switching component 20 is further optimized, the control capability of the valve core structure 24 over the heat exchange medium during the switching process is enhanced, and effective isolation between the high and low pressure media is ensured.

[0062] By incorporating a core sealing structure 60, a sealed isolation is achieved between the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232, ensuring directional flow of the heat exchange medium. This improves the valve's structural stability and sealing performance, simplifies the valve assembly process, facilitates subsequent maintenance and upgrades, and reduces maintenance costs. Application scenarios include automotive air conditioning systems, heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, and it is particularly suitable for applications requiring efficient switching between different ports. During use, the core sealing structure 60 ensures a seal between the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232, preventing abnormal leakage of the heat exchange medium during switching.

[0063] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 13 As shown, the main structure 23 includes an upper valve cover 233, a valve body 234, and a lower valve seat 235. The valve body 234 is disposed in the mounting cavity 11, and the valve body 234 has a first flow cavity 231 and a second flow cavity 232 inside. The valve body 234 also has mounting holes 236 at both ends that communicate with the first flow cavity 231 and the second flow cavity 232 respectively. The upper valve cover 233 is fixedly disposed at one end of the valve body 234. The lower valve seat 235 is fixedly disposed at the other end of the valve body 234. A part of the valve core structure 24 passes through the mounting hole 236 and enters the second flow cavity 232. The core sealing structure 60 is disposed in the mounting hole 236 and seals with the inner wall of the mounting hole 236 and the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 respectively to isolate the first flow cavity 231 and the second flow cavity 232. The fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 are located on the lower valve seat 235 respectively.

[0064] The above technical solution refines the specific composition of the main structure 23, which not only simplifies the disassembly and assembly process of the multi-way switching valve, but also improves the assembly accuracy and sealing performance of the main structure 23.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting cavity 11 has a mounting opening 113 at one axial end, through which the lower valve seat 235, valve body 234 and upper valve cover 233 enter the mounting cavity 11. At least one of the maximum outer dimensions of the upper valve cover 233, the maximum outer dimensions of the valve body 234 and the maximum outer dimensions of the lower valve seat 235 is adapted to the internal dimensions of the mounting cavity 11.

[0066] By providing the installation opening 113, the lower valve seat 235, valve body 234, and upper valve cover 233 are easily installed and disassembled on the valve island 10, while ensuring dimensional matching between these components and the mounting cavity 11, achieving good sealing and structural stability; simplifying the valve assembly process, facilitating subsequent maintenance and upgrades, and reducing production costs; applicable scenarios include automotive air conditioning systems, heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, which can meet the needs of use requiring quick disassembly and maintenance.

[0067] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the outer periphery of the upper valve cover 233, the outer periphery of the valve body 234, and the outer periphery of the lower valve seat 235 is limited to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11.

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first sealing structure 30 includes a first sealing ring 31, the second sealing structure 40 includes a second sealing ring 41, the third sealing structure includes a third sealing ring, and the core sealing structure 60 includes a core sealing ring 61; the multi-way switching valve also includes a fourth sealing structure 70, which includes a fourth sealing ring 71; the first sealing ring 31, the second sealing ring 41, the third sealing ring, the core sealing ring 61, and the fourth sealing ring 71 are all made of elastic material; the valve body 234 has a first annular groove 2341 on its outer periphery, the lower valve seat 235 has a second annular groove 2351 and a third annular groove 2352 spaced apart at one end facing the bottom wall of the valve island 10, the inner wall of the mounting hole 236 has a fourth annular groove 2361, and the outer periphery of the upper valve cover 233 has a fifth annular groove 2331; wherein, the first sealing ring 31 At least a portion of the first sealing ring 31 is disposed within the first annular groove 2341 and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the first annular groove 2341; at least a portion of the fourth sealing ring 71 is disposed within the fifth annular groove 2331 and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the fifth annular groove 2331; the first sealing ring 31 and the fourth sealing ring 71 respectively abut against the side wall of the mounting cavity 11; at least a portion of the second sealing ring 41 is disposed within the second annular groove 2351 and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the second annular groove 2351; at least a portion of the third sealing ring is disposed within the third annular groove 2352 and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the third annular groove 2352; the second sealing ring 41 and the third sealing ring respectively abut against the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11; at least a portion of the core sealing ring 61 is disposed within the fourth annular groove 2361 and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the fourth annular groove 2361.

[0069] By setting specific structures for the first sealing structure 30, the second sealing structure 40, the third sealing structure, and the core sealing structure 60 (e.g., using an O-ring made of elastic material), and corresponding annular grooves, a reliable sealing and limiting fit is achieved with a simple structure, ensuring the sealing effect of the switching component 20 under different working conditions.

[0070] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, annular grooves are provided at specific positions on the valve body 234, lower valve seat 235, mounting hole 236, and upper valve cover 233, and elastic sealing rings are installed in these annular grooves to ensure the sealing performance of the valve when switching between different ports. This improves the valve's sealing performance, reduces leakage of the heat exchange medium, enhances the stability and safety of the system, simplifies the valve's structure, and facilitates assembly and maintenance. In actual assembly of the four-way valve, the elastic sealing rings can be installed in the first annular groove 2341, second annular groove 2351, third annular groove 2352, fourth annular groove 2361, and fifth annular groove 2331 respectively to ensure the sealing performance of the valve when switching between different ports and to prevent leakage of the heat exchange medium.

[0071] Specifically, the present invention also proposes an air conditioning system, which includes the aforementioned multi-way switching valve. The air conditioning system further includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator. The multi-way switching valve is a four-way valve, with the first port 12 connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port 13 connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port 14 connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 connected to the evaporator. The switching component 20 controls the flow direction of the heat exchange medium by switching.

[0072] By setting the multi-way switching valve as a four-way valve, the first port 12, the second port 13, the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are connected to the low-pressure inlet, the high-pressure outlet, the condenser and the evaporator of the compressor, respectively. This allows the switching component 20 to control the flow direction of the heat exchange medium through the rotation of its valve core structure 24, thereby achieving rapid switching between heating and cooling modes.

[0073] By defining the structure of the four-way valve and utilizing the movement of the valve core structure 24 in the switching assembly 20, the heat exchange medium can be redirected between the low-pressure inlet and high-pressure outlet of the compressor and the condenser and evaporator, thereby enabling the switching between cooling and heating modes. This improves the valve's switching efficiency and sealing performance, reduces heat exchange medium leakage, enhances system stability and safety, simplifies the system structure, and reduces costs.

[0074] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the switching component 20 switches one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be connected to one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, and the other of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be connected to the other of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, so as to switch the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0075] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the switching assembly 20 includes a main body structure 23 and a valve core structure 24; the multi-way switching valve also includes a drive assembly 80, which is disposed on the main body structure 23 and drivenly connected to the valve core structure 24 for driving the valve core structure 24 to rotate; wherein, the connection end of the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at the end of the main body structure 23 near the first port 12.

[0076] By setting the drive mechanism of the switching component 20 (i.e., setting the drive component 80), the switching operation becomes more precise and controllable. The connection end between the drive component 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at the end of the main structure 23 near the first port 12, which optimizes the layout of the drive component 80. This not only reduces the overall size of the multi-way switching valve and improves its applicability in limited spaces, but also prevents high-pressure media from entering the drive component 80, reducing the sealing pressure of the drive component 80. At the same time, it ensures the sealing performance of the four-way valve during the switching process and prevents leakage of the heat exchange medium.

[0077] The specific working process and principle of the present invention will now be described in detail as follows:

[0078] The multi-way switching valve of this invention features a simple structure, low cost, and ease of assembly and maintenance, making it suitable for large-scale application. It not only optimizes the sealing problem between the high-pressure inlet and low-pressure outlet of existing automotive four-way valves, but its compact design and efficient operating mechanism also make it suitable for air conditioning systems requiring frequent mode switching. This reduces the number of pipes in the system, facilitating disassembly and maintenance, while effectively reducing the risk of heat exchange medium leakage and improving the reliability and energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system. Furthermore, the multi-way switching valve of this invention is also applicable to a wider range of heat pump, refrigeration, and cooling systems, providing a flexible, efficient, and environmentally friendly technical solution for commercial and industrial equipment.

[0079] from Figures 1 to 15 The attached diagram shows in detail the structural design and working principle of the multi-way switching valve; Figures 1 to 3 The focus is on explaining the basic structure and sealing principle, while Figures 4 to 6 This provides a detailed explanation of the internal structure and operation of the switching component 20; Figures 7 to 10 The specific structure of each part is shown, including the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234, lower valve seat 235, and drive assembly 80, etc. Figures 11 to 14 The specific structures of the flow guiding structure, upper valve cover, and drive assembly are then focused on, further explaining the assembly process and working mechanism of the multi-way switching valve. Figure 15 This demonstrates the output gear structure of the drive assembly 80, whose design is crucial for driving the rotation of the valve core structure 24, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the switching operation.

[0080] like Figure 1As shown, the ends of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 facing the second chamber 112 are located on the same plane of the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11. Compared with the existing automotive four-way valve, this layout design ensures that the two ports are axially equidistant from the high-pressure inlet or low-pressure outlet. Therefore, it ensures that the flow path of the heat exchange medium flowing out from the first port 12 does not change significantly during switching. This not only ensures consistent flow but also facilitates processing and separate sealing. Furthermore, it optimizes the fluid dynamics design inside the valve, allowing the fluid to flow more smoothly within the valve core structure 24, reducing fluid resistance and energy loss. This ensures that the multi-way switching valve maintains good sealing performance and operational stability even under high pressure and high-speed flow conditions. Specifically, by adjusting the first distance (i.e., the distance between the plane and the first port 12 along the axial direction of the valve island 10) and the second distance (i.e., the distance between the plane and the second port 13 along the axial direction of the valve island 10), and ensuring that these two distances are not equal, the relative position of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 can be optimized, thereby improving the sealing effect of the sealing ring and reducing the risk of medium leakage.

[0081] The above design not only simplifies the internal structure of the valve, but also improves the working efficiency of the sealing rings (such as the first sealing ring 31, the second sealing ring 41, and the third sealing ring) because they can now better adapt to this asymmetrical layout, ensuring effective sealing under different operating conditions. In addition, this layout also facilitates the installation and operation of the drive assembly 80, because the connection end of the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at the end of the main structure 23 near the first port 12. This design allows the external drive signal to more directly control the position and rotation of the valve core structure 24, thereby improving the valve's response speed and control accuracy.

[0082] The four-way valve proposed in this invention is particularly suitable for air conditioning systems that require frequent mode switching, such as automotive air conditioning systems. It reduces the number of pipes in the system, making it easier for staff to disassemble, install, and maintain, while effectively reducing the risk of heat exchange medium leakage, thereby improving the system's reliability and energy efficiency ratio. The multi-way switching valve of this invention is not only suitable for automotive air conditioning systems, but also widely applicable to various application scenarios such as heat pumps, refrigeration and cooling systems, providing a more flexible, efficient and environmentally friendly solution for commercial and industrial equipment.

[0083] like Figure 2As shown, the lower valve seat 235, valve body 234, and upper valve cover 233 enter the cavity through the mounting opening 113 of the mounting cavity 11. This design not only simplifies the assembly process of the multi-way switching valve but also ensures the compactness and stability of the valve structure. In particular, by ensuring that the outer circumferential dimensions of the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234, and lower valve seat 235 are adapted to the internal dimensions of the mounting cavity 11, a tighter sealing limit fit can be ensured between the sealing structures (e.g., the first sealing ring 31, the second sealing ring 41, and the third sealing ring), further enhancing the sealing effect.

[0084] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the switching assembly 20 includes a main structure 23 and a valve core structure 24. The main structure 23 includes an upper valve cover 233, a valve body 234, and a lower valve seat 235. The valve body 234 has a first flow chamber 231 and a second flow chamber 232 inside. The valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, a first bearing 243, and a second bearing 244. The valve core body 242 has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end is located in the second flow chamber 232. It can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 by rotating the valve core body 242. The first bearing 243 is disposed on the valve body 234 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242. The second bearing 244 is disposed on the upper valve cover 233 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242.

[0085] This configuration utilizes the low-friction characteristics of the first bearing 243 and the second bearing 244 to ensure the smoothness and precision of the valve core 242 during rotation. At the same time, it reduces friction and improves switching efficiency, thereby achieving efficient and stable switching of the multi-way switching valve, reducing energy consumption and wear, simplifying the structure, and lowering costs. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require high-precision and high-frequency switching, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0086] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve core structure 24 also includes a slider 246 and an annular sealing ring 247. The slider 246 is sleeved on one end of the valve core body 242 located in the second flow cavity 232, and the internal channel is connected to the switching channel 241. The annular sealing ring 247 is disposed between the slider 246 and the end of the valve core body 242 located in the second flow cavity 232, and is used to seal the gap between the slider 246 and the valve core body 242. The slider 246 is slidably disposed on the lower valve seat 235.

[0087] Through the sliding engagement of slider 246 and the sealing effect of annular sealing ring 247, precise communication between switching channel 241 and third port 14 or fourth port 15 is achieved, while preventing media leakage and improving sealing performance. This significantly improves the switching accuracy and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, and extends service life. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require high-precision switching, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, reduces maintenance costs, and has significant economic benefits and market competitiveness.

[0088] Optionally, the annular seal 247 is made of an elastic material; the slider 246 and / or the lower valve seat 235 are made of plastic material.

[0089] The annular sealing ring 247, made of elastic material, utilizes its elastic properties to form a tight seal and prevent media leakage. Meanwhile, the plastic slider 246 and / or lower valve seat 235 not only have good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, improving overall stability and service life, but also facilitate processing and cost control. The above design improves the sealing performance and wear resistance of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, extends service life, and facilitates the overall lightweight design.

[0090] Furthermore, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention:

[0091] The present invention provides a multi-port switching valve, comprising: a valve island 10 and a switching assembly 20; the valve island 10 has a first port 12; the switching assembly 20 includes a main body structure 23, a flow guiding structure 25 and a valve core structure 24; the main body structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231 inside, which communicates with the first port 12; the flow guiding structure 25 is disposed in the first flow cavity 231, and the flow guiding structure 25 has a flow guiding channel 251 for guiding flow inside; the valve core structure 24 is rotatably disposed on the main body structure 23, and the valve core structure 24 has a switching channel 241 inside, which communicates with the flow guiding channel 251.

[0092] This invention, through the setting of the flow guiding structure 25, achieves efficient communication between the switching channel 241 inside the valve core structure 24 and the first port 12 with a simple structure, effectively reducing the flow resistance between the switching channel 241 and the first port 12, and effectively improving the overall flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. The multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention, through optimized design, achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency. This invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. After practical application in air conditioning systems, it was found that the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention reduces energy loss during the flow of heat exchange medium, improves the overall performance of the air conditioning system, and thus improves the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioning system, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0093] The multi-way switching valve proposed in this application not only optimizes the internal flow channel design and reduces flow resistance, but also achieves a more compact structure and higher flow efficiency through reasonable layout and material selection. It can provide an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency ratio and energy saving and emission reduction of air conditioning systems.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the opening connecting the flow guiding channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow guiding channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411; the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 is spaced apart from the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411.

[0095] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 and the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411 is t. The maximum deformation of the flow guiding structure 25 along its axial direction due to temperature change after contacting the heat exchange medium flowing through the flow guiding channel 251 is a, where t > a.

[0096] By setting the interval t between the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 to be greater than the maximum deformation a of the flow guide structure 25 caused by temperature changes, the relative position between the flow guide structure 25 and the valve core structure 24 is kept stable under different temperature conditions. This avoids interference problems between components and blockage of the flow channel caused by temperature changes, and also limits t to be as small as possible, thereby ensuring the flow guiding effect of the flow guide channel 251 on the heat exchange medium. This ensures the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium, ensures that the flow path of the fluid remains efficient and reliable under different temperature conditions, avoids the increase in flow resistance caused by component expansion at high temperatures, and improves the adaptability and stability of the valve under various working conditions.

[0097] Optionally, the distance between the end of the flow guiding structure 25 with the third opening 2512 and the end of the valve core structure 24 with the fourth opening 2411 is t, 0.2mm≤t≤1mm; and / or, the flow guiding structure 25 is made of non-metallic material.

[0098] By controlling the interval distance t between 0.2mm and 1mm and using non-metallic materials to make the flow guide structure 25, not only is the relative position between the flow guide structure 25 and the valve core structure 24 stable, but the weight of the flow guide structure 25 is also effectively reduced, and the flow guide structure 25 is easy to process, form, and assemble. This makes it easier to process the flow guide channel 251 to have a smooth inner wall, thereby reducing the frictional resistance along the flow path within the flow guide channel 251 during fluid flow using a simple process, thus ensuring the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. In addition, the use of non-metallic materials helps to reduce friction and wear of the flow guide structure 25, thereby extending the service life of the valve.

[0099] Specifically, the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the guide channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411, and the opening connecting the guide channel 251 and the fourth opening 2411 is the third opening 2512; during the rotation of the valve core structure 24, at least a portion of the fourth opening 2411 is always aligned with the third opening 2512.

[0100] This design ensures that when the valve core structure 24 is rotated to connect with the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, the fourth opening 2411 remains connected with the first port 12. This design ensures that the fluid flow path inside the valve remains open at all times, reducing fluid resistance loss during the switching process and improving the efficiency and speed of fluid flow. At the same time, this design allows the multi-port switching valve to adapt to a wider range of fluid flow and pressure changes, thus broadening its application range.

[0101] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential extension angle of the fourth opening 2411 is not less than the circumferential interval angle between the third opening 14 and the fourth opening 15, so that when the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third opening 14 or the fourth opening 15, the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the first opening 12.

[0102] like Figure 2 and Figure 14 As shown, the valve island 10 has an installation cavity 11 inside; the valve island 10 also has a second port 13, a third port 14 and a fourth port 15; at least a part of the main structure 23 is disposed in the installation cavity 11; the main structure 23 also has a second flow cavity 232 inside; the second flow cavity 232 is connected to the second port 13; the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core structure 24; wherein, the first port 12 and the second port 13 are disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10.

[0103] By setting the first port 12 and the second port 13 on the side wall of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 on the bottom wall of the valve island 10, the internal structural layout of the multi-way switching valve is optimized, making the flow path of the heat exchange medium between different ports more reasonable, reducing flow resistance and improving flow efficiency. In addition, by setting the spacing of the first port 12 and the second port 13 on the side wall, and the layout of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 on the bottom wall, the multi-way switching valve is not only more compact and easier to integrate into the air conditioning system, but also facilitates the subsequent design of related sealing structures and rapid installation.

[0104] Specifically, the rotation range of the valve core structure 24 is located between the first end and the second end; the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the third opening 2512 along the axial direction of the third opening 2512; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third port 14, and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the second end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the fourth port 15, and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; and / or, the inner wall bends of the fourth opening 2411 and the switching channel 241 are rounded.

[0105] Through the projection design of the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411, after the valve core structure 24 is rotated into place (i.e. rotated to the first end or the second end), the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 is used as the heat exchange medium outlet, and the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512 can be smoothly connected.

[0106] The rounded corners of the inner walls of the fourth opening 2411 and the switching channel 241 further optimize the flow path of the fluid at the channel connection, reduce eddies and collisions during fluid flow, lower fluid flow resistance, and improve the smoothness and efficiency of fluid flow. At the same time, this design also helps to extend the service life of the valve core structure 24 and the guide structure 25 and reduce maintenance costs. By setting the relative position between the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guide channel 251 is further optimized, reducing flow resistance and improving the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium.

[0107] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the projection of the third opening 2512 and the projection of the fourth opening 2411 completely coincide, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512. This arrangement ensures that when the valve core structure 24 rotates to communicate with the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, the fluid flow path can remain continuous and smooth, further reducing the resistance of the fluid during the switching process and improving the efficiency of fluid flow. At the same time, by limiting the projection, the high efficiency and reliability of the multi-way switching valve in different working modes are ensured.

[0108] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first port 12 serves as the outlet of the low-pressure heat exchange medium, and the two ends of the rotation range of the valve core structure 24 (corresponding to the distance between the third port 14 and the fourth port 15) are the first end and the second end, respectively; when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the first end, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the third port 14, and the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the outlet of the heat exchange medium, and the inner wall of the fourth opening 2411 on one side along the rotation direction of the valve core structure 24 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the third opening 2512 (i.e., the fourth opening is directly opposite to the third opening 2512). One side edge of the hollow portion of the projection coincides with one side edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection); when the valve core structure 24 rotates to the second end point, the end of the switching channel 241 away from the fourth opening 2411 is connected to the fourth port 15. The fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the heat exchange medium outlet. The inner wall of the fourth opening 2411 on the other side along the rotation direction of the valve core structure 24 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the other side of the third opening 2512 (that is, the other side edge of the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the other side edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection), thereby further reducing the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium.

[0109] Specifically, the first port 12 is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port 13 is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port 14 is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 is connected to the evaporator. The switching component 20 switches one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, and the other of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to the other of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0110] By connecting the first port 12 to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor, and the second port 13, the third port 14, and the fourth port 15 to the high-pressure outlet, the condenser, and the evaporator of the compressor, respectively, efficient switching between cooling and heating modes is achieved. This design ensures that the fluid can flow through a shorter and smoother path in different operating modes, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire air conditioning system, improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system, and making a significant contribution to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0111] With the above settings, the switching component 20 can selectively connect to different ports according to the needs of the air conditioning system's operating mode, thereby achieving efficient switching of the heat exchange medium between cooling and heating modes.

[0112] Specifically, the projections of the first opening 12 and the guide channel 251 onto a plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 at least partially overlap.

[0113] The above-mentioned design of overlapping projections ensures that the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first port 12 and the guide channel 251 is connected and unobstructed, thereby reducing energy loss during the flow process and improving the overall performance of the system. In the actual use of air conditioning systems that switch between cooling and heating modes (such as vehicle air conditioning systems), this design can quickly respond to the needs of users and achieve efficient switching between cooling and heating modes.

[0114] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential sidewall of the first opening 12 and the circumferential sidewall of the guide channel 251 are projected along the axial direction of the first opening 12 onto the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first opening 12. The projection of the circumferential sidewall of the first opening 12 forms a hollow first hollow projection, and the projection of the circumferential sidewall of the guide channel 251 forms a hollow second hollow projection. The non-hollow portion of the first hollow projection does not coincide with the hollow portion of the second hollow projection; and / or, at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow portion of the first hollow projection or is located within the hollow portion of the first hollow projection.

[0115] This design defines the relative positional relationship between the first inlet 12 and the flow channel 251, so that the circumferential sidewall of the first inlet 12 will not directly block the fluid (i.e. heat exchange medium) flowing out of the flow channel 251, effectively avoiding unnecessary eddies and turbulence generated during the flow process, reducing flow resistance and improving the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium.

[0116] It should be noted that the multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention optimizes the fluid flow path within the valve through a carefully designed geometric projection relationship, thereby significantly reducing the fluid flow resistance and improving the overall fluid flow efficiency. A key aspect of this design lies in the ingenious arrangement of the relative position and shape projection between the first port 12 and the guide channel 251.

[0117] Specifically, the underlying physical and engineering principles are fluid dynamics and mechanical structure optimization design; 1. Fluid dynamics principle: When a fluid (i.e., heat exchange medium) flows in a pipe or channel, its flow performance is affected by the geometry, size, and relative position of the pipe or channel; when the fluid encounters a sudden change or obstruction in the channel cross-section, turbulence and vortices will be generated, which will increase the resistance of fluid flow and reduce its flow efficiency; This invention can reduce turbulence and vortices in fluid flow by optimizing the geometric design and relative position of the channel, thereby reducing the resistance of fluid flow and improving the overall efficiency of fluid flow; 2. Mechanical structure optimization design: In this invention, the projection relationship design between the first opening 12 and the guide channel 251 ensures that when the fluid enters the first opening 12 through the guide channel 251, it can flow along a relatively smooth path, avoiding sudden changes in the fluid flow path, reducing turbulence and vortices in the channel, reducing the resistance of fluid flow, and improving the efficiency of fluid flow.

[0118] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the hollow projection can be a loop projection or an annular projection, wherein the middle part of the loop projection or annular projection is the projection portion of the channel, and the outer periphery represents the projection of the solid portion; the first hollow projection can be a first loop projection, and the second hollow projection can be a second loop projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second loop projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the first loop projection; or, the first hollow projection can be a first annular projection, and the second hollow projection can be a second annular projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the second annular projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the first annular projection.

[0119] Through the design of the above projection relationship, the present invention effectively reduces flow resistance, improves the overall flow efficiency of the fluid, reduces the generation of turbulence and vortices, and improves the flow efficiency of the fluid in the multi-way switching valve, thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio of the entire device; in addition, the above design has a compact structure, saves space, and has significant technical and economic advantages.

[0120] Furthermore, the opening at one end of the first flow cavity 231 that communicates with the first port 12 is called the first opening 2311, and the opening at one end of the guide channel 251 that communicates with the first flow cavity 231 is called the second opening 2511. The first port 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first port 12, and the projections of the first port 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 at least partially overlap. The central axis of the first port 12, the central axis of the first opening 2311, and the central axis of the second opening 2511 are all... Two parallel or collinear openings are missing; the opening connecting the flow channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411; the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, the second opening 2511, the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 along the axis of the first opening 12, and the projections of the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, the second opening 2511, the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 all coincide.

[0121] This configuration further optimizes the fluid flow path and reduces the resistance of the fluid during the flow process.

[0122] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the opening connecting the flow channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is the third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow channel 251 is the fourth opening 2411. The third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first opening 12 along the axis of the first opening 12, and the projections of the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 at least partially overlap.

[0123] By ensuring that the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411 coincide in the projection, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guiding channel 251 is further optimized, the flow resistance is reduced, and the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved.

[0124] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the opening connecting the flow guiding channel 251 and the switching channel 241 is a third opening 2512, and the opening connecting the switching channel 241 and the flow guiding channel 251 is a fourth opening 2411. The circumferential sidewalls of the third opening 2512 and the circumferential sidewalls of the fourth opening 2411 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first opening 12 along the axial direction of the first opening 12. The projection of the circumferential sidewall of the third opening 2512 forms a hollow third hollow projection, and the projection of the circumferential sidewall of the fourth opening 2411 forms a hollow fourth hollow projection. The non-hollow portion of the third hollow projection does not coincide with the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection; and / or, at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow portion of the third hollow projection or is located within the hollow portion of the third hollow projection.

[0125] By setting the relative positions between the third opening 2512 and the fourth opening 2411, unnecessary eddies and turbulence are avoided due to obstruction and collision during the process of fluid entering the guide channel 251 from the switching channel 241. This reduces flow resistance and improves the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium. As a result, the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and response speed of the system, while reducing the system's energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

[0126] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the hollow projection can be a loop projection or annular projection, wherein the middle part of the loop projection or annular projection is the projection portion of the channel, and the outer periphery represents the projection of the solid portion; the third hollow projection can be a third loop projection, and the fourth hollow projection can be a fourth loop projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth loop projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the third loop projection; or, the third hollow projection can be a third annular projection, and the fourth hollow projection can be a fourth annular projection; at least a portion of the edge of the hollow portion of the fourth annular projection coincides with or is located within the hollow portion of the third annular projection.

[0127] Through the above design, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the first port 12 serves as the outlet of the low-pressure heat exchange medium, after the valve core structure 24 is rotated into place, the fourth opening 2411 of the switching channel 241 serves as the outlet of the heat exchange medium. The inner wall of one side of the fourth opening 2411 is directly opposite to the inner wall of the third opening 2512 (that is, the edge of the hollow part of the fourth hollow projection coincides with the edge of the hollow part of the third hollow projection), thereby further reducing the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium.

[0128] The above design significantly improves fluid flow efficiency, ensuring a continuous and smooth flow path without unnecessary cross-sectional changes. This reduces fluid flow resistance, enhancing flow efficiency and velocity, thereby improving the performance of the multi-way switching valve and reducing energy loss. Simultaneously, the reduced fluid flow resistance means faster response when switching between cooling and heating modes, allowing fluid to circulate more quickly within the system, reducing mode switching time, and improving the overall energy efficiency ratio of the system, thus positively impacting energy conservation and emission reduction. Furthermore, it results in a more compact overall structure. By reducing the complexity of the internal fluid path, the design of the multi-way switching valve is simpler and more compact, saving installation space and potentially reducing material usage and production costs, thus improving the product's economic viability and market competitiveness. In addition, the optimized fluid flow path design reduces fluid eddies and turbulence inside the valve, lowering the risk of wear and blockage, extending maintenance cycles, facilitating cleaning and maintenance, reducing maintenance costs, and improving system operational stability.

[0129] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the opening at one end of the first flow cavity 231 that is connected to the first port 12 is the first opening 2311, and the opening at one end of the guide channel 251 that is connected to the first flow cavity 231 is the second opening 2511. The first port 12, the first opening 2311 and the second opening 2511 are projected onto the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first port 12 along the axis of the first port 12. At least two parts of the projection of the first port 12, the projection of the first opening 2311 and the projection of the second opening 2511 overlap.

[0130] By ensuring that the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 coincide on the projection, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first flow cavity 231 and the first opening 12 is optimized, the flow resistance is reduced, and the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium is improved.

[0131] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, at least two of the central axes of the first opening 12, the first opening 2311, and the second opening 2511 are parallel or collinear; and / or, the central axis of the second opening 2511 is collinear with the central axis of the flow channel 251.

[0132] By ensuring that the central axis is parallel or collinear, the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the first port 12, the first opening 2311 and the second opening 2511 is further optimized. This not only minimizes the flow resistance and improves the flow efficiency of the heat exchange medium, but also significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency and response speed of the system, while reducing the system's energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

[0133] Specifically, the projection of the fourth opening 2411 is located within the projection of the third opening 2512, or the projection of the fourth opening 2411 coincides with the projection of the third opening 2512; and / or, the projection of the second opening 2511 is located within the projection of the first opening 2311, or the projection of the second opening 2511 coincides with the projection of the first opening 2311.

[0134] This configuration precisely defines the relative positions and dimensional relationships between the fourth opening 2411 and the third opening 2512, and between the second opening 2511 and the first opening 2311. It further optimizes the flow path of the heat exchange medium between the switching channel 241 and the guiding channel 251, resulting in a shorter flow path. This not only facilitates the rapid flow of the heat exchange medium but also allows the fluid to flow with less resistance, improving the continuity and efficiency of fluid flow and further optimizing system performance.

[0135] like Figure 12 As shown, the flow guiding structure 25 has a through hole 252, which passes through the flow guiding structure 25 along the axial direction and is connected to the flow guiding channel 251; the valve core structure 24 passes through the through hole 252 and is slidably limited to the inner wall of the through hole 252; the connecting end of the switching channel 241 and the flow guiding channel 251 is located inside the through hole 252.

[0136] This design simplifies the structure of the flow guide structure 25, making it easier to process and shape, while also allowing the flow guide structure 25 to reliably constrain the valve core structure 24 through the through hole 252, thereby improving the working reliability of the valve core structure 24 with a simple structure.

[0137] Specifically, the central axis of the through hole 252 is perpendicular to the central axis of the guide channel 251; and / or, the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning boss, the outer periphery of the guide structure 25 has a first positioning groove 27, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the guide structure 25; or, the guide structure 25 has a first positioning boss, the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning groove 27, at least a portion of the first positioning boss extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the guide structure 25; The inner wall of the groove 27 is fitted to constrain the flow guiding structure 25; and / or, the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning boss 28, and the main body structure 23 has a second positioning groove at one end near the first flow cavity 231, at least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove and is fitted to the inner wall of the second positioning groove; or, the main body structure 23 has a second positioning boss 28 at one end near the first flow cavity 231, and the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning groove, at least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove and is fitted to the inner wall of the second positioning groove.

[0138] This design, using a simple combination of boss and groove structures, enables the accurate installation of the flow guide structure 25 within the first flow cavity 231, and allows the flow guide structure 25 to be quickly inserted into the first flow cavity 231, effectively improving the overall assembly and disassembly efficiency of the multi-way switching valve. By setting the central axis of the through hole 252 to be perpendicular to the central axis of the flow guide channel 251, the reliable constraint of the through hole 252 on the rotational freedom of the valve core structure 24 is further ensured.

[0139] Furthermore, in Embodiment 2 of the present invention:

[0140] The present invention also provides a multi-port switching valve, comprising: a valve island 10, a switching component 20, and a limiting member 90; the valve island 10 has an installation cavity 11 inside, and the valve island 10 also has a first port 12, a second port 13, a third port 14, and a fourth port 15; at least a portion of the switching component 20 is disposed in the installation cavity 11 for switching one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to communicate with one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15; wherein, the first port 12 and the second port 13 are disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10; one axial end of the installation cavity 11 has an installation opening 113, at least a portion of the switching component 20 enters the installation cavity 11 through the installation opening 113, and the outer periphery of the switching component 20 is limited and engaged with the inner wall of the installation cavity 11 to limit the switching component 20 circumferentially; the limiting member 90 cooperates with the switching component 20 to limit the switching component 20 axially.

[0141] This invention, by providing an installation opening 113 and an installation cavity 11, allows the switching component 20 to be quickly installed on the valve island 10 via a plug-in method; by providing a limiting method combining the installation cavity 11 and the limiting member 90, the switching component 20 can be securely installed on the valve island 10; the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention, compared with the existing four-way valve, has a simple internal structure and high overall disassembly and assembly efficiency, which is more conducive to high-efficiency assembly production and subsequent maintenance; at the same time, the multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention eliminates the need for a welding process for fixing the valve island 10 and the switching component 20, thereby avoiding deformation of the valve island 10 and the switching component 20 due to welding; by setting the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, it is convenient to seal the first port 12 and the second port 13 respectively, so that the first port 12 and the second port 13 are separated. This invention features a simple and low-cost structure, achieving a more compact size and fewer parts, significantly reducing manufacturing costs and assembly complexity. The plug-in installation method of the switching component 20 and valve island 10 also facilitates integrated installation, thereby improving the overall installation efficiency and space utilization of the system, making it suitable for large-scale promotion and use. This invention is not only applicable to automotive air conditioning systems, but can also be widely used in heat pump, refrigeration and cooling systems, providing more flexible and efficient technical solutions for commercial and industrial equipment.

[0142] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-way switching valve also includes a limiting structure 100, which is disposed on the valve island 10 and / or the switching assembly 20 to limit the rotation of the switching assembly 20 relative to the valve island 10.

[0143] By setting the limiting structure 100, unnecessary rotation of the switching component 20 due to external or internal forces during operation is prevented, thereby ensuring the precise alignment of the switching channel. This setting improves the reliability and stability of the multi-way switching valve and avoids system failures caused by accidental rotation of the switching component 20. After the switching component 20 is installed, the limiting structure 100 will restrict its rotation relative to the valve island 10, ensuring the precise operation of the switching component 20 under external drive.

[0144] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting structure 100 includes a limiting protrusion 101; the limiting protrusion 101 is disposed on the valve island 10; the switching assembly 20 has a limiting groove 102, at least a portion of the limiting protrusion 101 extends into the limiting groove 102 and engages with the limiting groove 102 to limit the rotation of the switching assembly 20; or, the limiting protrusion 101 is disposed on the switching assembly 20; the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11 has a limiting groove 102, at least a portion of the limiting protrusion 101 extends into the limiting groove 102 and engages with the limiting groove 102 to limit the rotation of the switching assembly 20.

[0145] By using the matching of the limiting protrusion 101 and the limiting groove 102, the circumferential limiting of the switching component 20 relative to the valve island 10 is achieved with a simple and reliable structure, preventing it from rotating while being axially limited, thus ensuring accurate alignment of the switching channel. This design improves the sealing performance and switching accuracy of the multi-way switching valve and reduces the need for maintenance and adjustment. This type of multi-way switching valve is particularly suitable for air conditioning systems that require switching between cooling and heating modes, as well as heat pump systems that require precise control of fluid direction. After the switching component 20 is installed, the matching of the limiting protrusion 101 and the limiting groove 102 will ensure that the switching component 20 will not rotate after being axially limited, thereby ensuring the operational stability and reliability of the multi-way switching valve.

[0146] like Figure 1 As shown, the limiting protrusion 101 is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11; the switching assembly 20 has a first flow cavity 231 and a second flow cavity 232 inside; when the limiting protrusion 101 is inserted into the limiting groove 102 of the switching assembly 20, the opening of the first flow cavity 231 is aligned and connected with the first port 12, and the opening of the second flow cavity 232 is aligned and connected with the second port 13.

[0147] With the above settings, the switching component 20 can directly enter the mounting cavity 11 through the mounting opening 113. When the limiting groove 102 of the switching component 20 enters the mounting opening 113, it does not need to be directly aligned with the limiting protrusion 101 on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11. It can be rotated after being inserted into the mounting cavity 11 until the limiting groove 102 at the bottom of the switching component 20 matches the limiting protrusion 101 on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11. At this time, each opening on the switching component 20 is also aligned and connected with the corresponding opening on the valve island 10, thereby enabling fast and accurate insertion and improving the overall assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy.

[0148] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the limiting protrusion 101 is disposed on the valve island 10, the limiting protrusion 101 extends along the axial direction of the valve island 10; and / or, when the limiting protrusion 101 is disposed on the switching assembly 20, the limiting protrusion 101 extends along the axial direction of the switching assembly 20; and / or, there are multiple limiting protrusions 101, which are spaced apart on the valve island 10 and / or the switching assembly 20; there are multiple limiting grooves 102, and at least a portion of the multiple limiting protrusions 101 corresponds and cooperates with each other.

[0149] The axial extension of the limiting protrusion 101 and the cooperation design between multiple limiting protrusions 101 and limiting grooves 102 further enhance the circumferential limiting effect of the switching assembly 20, ensuring its stability during operation. This design improves the reliability and service life of the multi-way switching valve and reduces the system failure rate caused by limiting failure. During the installation of the switching assembly 20, multiple limiting protrusions 101 will cooperate with corresponding limiting grooves 102 to ensure the stable installation of the switching assembly 20 and prevent accidental rotation during operation.

[0150] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the switching assembly 20 includes a main body structure 23 and a valve core structure 24, the valve core structure 24 being rotatably disposed within the main body structure 23; as Figure 4 As shown, the main structure 23 includes an upper valve cover 233, a valve body 234 and a lower valve seat 235 that are inserted sequentially; wherein, the lower valve seat 235 is limited to the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11, and the limiting member 90 is axially limited to the upper valve cover 233.

[0151] By incorporating a rotatable valve core structure 24, rapid switching of fluid paths is achieved with a simple structure; the cartridge design of the main body structure 23 facilitates quick assembly and disassembly, improving maintenance efficiency. These features enable highly efficient assembly and maintenance of the multi-way switching valve, while ensuring the accuracy and stability of fluid switching.

[0152] It should be noted that during actual assembly, the lower valve seat 235 first engages with the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11, then the valve body 234 and the upper valve cover 233 are inserted in sequence, and finally the axial limit is achieved by the limiting member 90, which ensures the stable installation of the switching component 20 and the precise switching of the valve core structure 24.

[0153] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the switching assembly 20 includes a main structure 23 and a valve core structure 24; at least a portion of the main structure 23 is disposed within the mounting cavity 11 and is limited in fit with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11; the valve core structure 24 is rotatably disposed on the main structure 23, and the valve core structure 24 has a switching channel 241 inside, one end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end is selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core structure 24; wherein, the limiting member 90 is detachably disposed on the valve island 10 and is limited in fit with the main structure 23 to axially limit the main structure 23.

[0154] The rotation of the valve core structure 24 enables the connection of different fluid ports. The limiting fit between the main structure 23 and the mounting cavity 11 ensures the accurate installation and precise rotation of the valve core structure 24. The detachable design of the limiting component 90 facilitates maintenance and adjustment. The above design improves the installation flexibility and maintenance convenience of the multi-way switching valve, while ensuring the accuracy and stability of fluid switching.

[0155] It is worth noting that when it is necessary to switch the fluid path, the valve core structure 24 is driven to rotate, so that its internal switching channel 241 is connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, thereby realizing the switching of the fluid path.

[0156] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the main structure 23 includes an upper valve cover 233, a valve body 234, and a lower valve seat 235; the upper valve cover 233 is detachably disposed at one end of the valve body 234 along the axial direction, and the lower valve seat 235 is detachably disposed at the other end of the valve body 234 along the axial direction; wherein, one end of the upper valve cover 233 along its axial direction is limited to the valve body 234, and the other end is limited to the limiting member 90; one end of the lower valve seat 235 along its axial direction is limited to the valve body 234, and the other end is limited to the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11.

[0157] By detaching the upper valve cover 233 and the lower valve seat 235, and limiting their engagement with the valve body 234, the main structure 23 can be quickly assembled and disassembled with a simple structure, which facilitates the overall assembly and subsequent maintenance and adjustment of the multi-way switching valve. The above design improves the assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience of the multi-way switching valve, and reduces production and maintenance costs.

[0158] During actual assembly, the lower valve seat 235 is matched with the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11 for limiting, and then the valve body 234, valve core structure 24 and upper valve cover 233 are inserted. Finally, the upper valve cover 233 is matched with the limiting member 90 for axial limiting, which ensures the stable installation of the main structure 23 and the precise switching of the valve core structure 24.

[0159] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, circumferential positioning structures are provided between the upper valve cover 233 and the valve body 234, and between the valve body 234 and the lower valve seat 235. The circumferential positioning structures include positioning protrusions 237 and positioning grooves 238. The upper valve cover 233 has a positioning protrusion 237, and the valve body 234 has a positioning groove 238. At least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and engages with the positioning groove 238 to limit relative rotation between the upper valve cover 233 and the valve body 234. Alternatively, the valve body 234 has a positioning protrusion 237, and the upper valve cover 233 has a positioning groove 238. At least a portion of the protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and is limited in engagement with the positioning groove 238; the lower valve seat 235 has a positioning protrusion 237, and the valve body 234 has a positioning groove 238, at least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and is limited in engagement with the positioning groove 238, so as to restrict the relative rotation of the lower valve seat 235 and the valve body 234; or, the valve body 234 has a positioning protrusion 237, and the lower valve seat 235 has a positioning groove 238, at least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and is limited in engagement with the positioning groove 238.

[0160] In other words, at least one of the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234, and lower valve seat 235 has a positioning protrusion 237; with the positioning protrusion 237 on the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234 has a positioning groove 238, at least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and engages with the positioning groove 238 to limit relative rotation between the upper valve cover 233 and the valve body 234; with the positioning protrusion 237 on the lower valve seat 235, the valve body 234 has a positioning groove 237. 38. At least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and is limited in engagement with the positioning groove 238 to restrict the relative rotation of the lower valve seat 235 and the valve body 234. With the positioning protrusion 237 on the valve body 234, the upper valve cover 233 or the lower valve seat 235 has a positioning groove 238, and at least a portion of the positioning protrusion 237 extends into the positioning groove 238 and is limited in engagement with the positioning groove 238 to restrict the relative rotation of the upper valve cover 233 or the lower valve seat 235 and the valve body 234.

[0161] By setting the positioning protrusion 237 to cooperate with the positioning groove 238, the relative rotation between the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234 and lower valve seat 235 is restricted with a simple and reliable structure, ensuring the stability of the main structure 23. The above design improves the reliability and service life of the multi-way switching valve and reduces the system failure rate caused by relative rotation.

[0162] During actual assembly, the positioning protrusion 237 will cooperate with the corresponding positioning groove 238 to ensure that the relative positions of the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234 and lower valve seat 235 are fixed, which not only avoids accidental rotation during operation, but also facilitates quick positioning and installation of various components during installation.

[0163] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least two of the central axes of the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234, and the lower valve seat 235 are parallel or collinear; the positioning protrusion 237 extends axially along the valve body 234; and / or, there are multiple positioning protrusions 237, which are spaced apart on at least one of the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234, and the lower valve seat 235; there are multiple positioning grooves 238, and the multiple positioning protrusions 237 correspond one-to-one with at least a portion of the multiple positioning grooves 238.

[0164] The precise fit between the positioning protrusion 237 and the positioning groove 238, as well as the collinear or parallel design of the central axis, ensures the precise alignment between the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234 and the lower valve seat 235, thereby improving the overall stability of the main structure 23. The above design improves the subsequent sealing performance and switching accuracy of the multi-way switching valve, and reduces the need for maintenance and adjustment.

[0165] During actual assembly, the cooperation of multiple positioning protrusions 237 and positioning grooves 238, as well as the collinear or parallel design of the central axis, ensures the precise alignment between the upper valve cover 233, valve body 234 and lower valve seat 235, thereby improving the assembly accuracy and subsequent operational stability of the multi-way switching valve.

[0166] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-way switching valve also includes a limiting structure 100, which is disposed on the valve island 10 and / or the lower valve seat 235 to limit the rotation of the lower valve seat 235 relative to the valve island 10.

[0167] The limiting structure 100 prevents unnecessary rotation of the lower valve seat 235 during operation due to external or internal forces, ensuring precise alignment of the switching channel. This design improves the reliability and stability of the multi-way switching valve and avoids system failures caused by accidental rotation of the lower valve seat 235.

[0168] It should be noted that after the lower valve seat 235 is installed, the limiting structure 100 will restrict its rotation relative to the valve island 10, ensuring the stable installation of the lower valve seat 235 and avoiding accidental rotation during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0169] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mounting cavity 11 is a cylindrical cavity; the lower valve seat 235, the valve body 234, and the upper valve cover 233 respectively enter the mounting cavity 11 through the mounting opening 113; at least one of the maximum outer circumference dimensions of the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234, and the lower valve seat 235 is adapted to the internal dimensions of the mounting cavity 11; wherein, the central axis of the mounting cavity 11, the central axis of the upper valve cover 233, the central axis of the valve body 234, and the central axis of the lower valve seat 235 are collinear.

[0170] By designing the dimensions of the cylindrical mounting cavity 11 and the corresponding lower valve seat 235, valve body 234, and upper valve cover 233, as well as the collinear design of the central axis, not only is the rapid assembly and disassembly of the main structure 23 achieved, improving assembly efficiency, but the machining and forming of the mounting cavity 11 is also facilitated. In addition, the above design also improves the assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience of the multi-way switching valve, and reduces production and maintenance costs.

[0171] It is worth noting that during actual assembly, the lower valve seat 235, valve body 234, and upper valve cover 233 will be inserted into the mounting cavity 11 through the mounting opening 113 in sequence, ensuring the rapid assembly of the main structure 23. At the same time, the collinear design of the central axis ensures the precise alignment between the components, improving the assembly accuracy and working stability of the multi-way switching valve.

[0172] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the multi-way switching valve also includes a limiting structure 100, which includes a limiting protrusion 101. The limiting protrusion 101 is disposed on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11. The lower valve seat 235 has a limiting groove 102. The valve body 234 has a positioning protrusion 237 and the lower valve seat 235 has a positioning groove 238. The positioning groove 238 communicates with the limiting groove 102 to form a through groove. The through groove extends along the axial direction of the valve body 234. The end of the through groove facing the valve body 234 is limited and engaged with the positioning protrusion 237, and the end of the through groove away from the valve body 234 is limited and engaged with the limiting protrusion 101.

[0173] The above design allows for the lower valve seat 235 to be fitted with the bottom wall of the mounting cavity 11 and the valve body 234 by simply machining a through groove on the lower valve seat 235, thereby further simplifying the structure of the lower valve seat 235.

[0174] like Figure 1As shown, the valve body 234 has a first flow chamber 231 and a second flow chamber 232 inside; one end of the upper valve cover 233 is inserted into the first flow chamber 231 and is limited and sealed with the inner wall of the first flow chamber 231 to seal the first flow chamber 231; one end of the lower valve seat 235 is inserted into the second flow chamber 232 and is limited and sealed with the inner wall of the second flow chamber 232 to seal the second flow chamber 232; the valve body 234 also has mounting holes 236 at both ends that are respectively connected to the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232; one end of the valve core structure 24 passes through the mounting hole 236 and enters the second flow chamber 232, and is rotatably engaged with the lower valve seat 235.

[0175] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 14 As shown, the first port 12 and the second port 13 are disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10. The third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10. The switching assembly 20 also includes a flow guiding structure 25. The main structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231 and a second flow cavity 232 inside. The first flow cavity 231 is connected to the first port 12, and the second flow cavity 232 is connected to the second port 13. The flow guiding structure 25 is disposed in the first flow cavity 231. The flow guiding structure 25 has a flow guiding channel 251 inside for guiding the flow. The flow guiding channel 251 is connected to the first flow cavity 231. The valve core structure 24 has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the flow guiding channel 251, and the other end can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core structure 24.

[0176] By setting the flow guiding structure 25, the fluid is guided into the first flow chamber 231. Then, by rotating the valve core structure 24, the fluid is connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the switching channel 241, thus realizing the precise switching of the fluid path. The above design improves the fluid switching accuracy and stability of the multi-way switching valve and reduces the system failure rate caused by fluid path errors. In addition, by setting the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, it is convenient to seal the first port 12 and the second port 13 respectively in the future, so that the first port 12 and the second port 13 are separated.

[0177] like Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning boss 26, and the outer periphery of the flow guiding structure 25 has a first positioning groove 27. At least a portion of the first positioning boss 26 extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited and engaged with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the flow guiding structure 25; or, the flow guiding structure 25 has a first positioning boss 26, and the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231 has a first positioning groove 27. At least a portion of the first positioning boss 26 extends into the first positioning groove 27 and is limited and engaged with the inner wall of the first positioning groove 27 to constrain the flow guiding structure 25.

[0178] Specifically, a first positioning boss 26 is provided on the inner wall of the first flow cavity 231, while a matching first positioning groove 27 is designed on the outer periphery of the flow guide structure 25. During assembly, at least a portion of the first positioning boss 26 extends into the first positioning groove 27 of the flow guide structure 25, forming a concave-convex fit structure. This structure, through the side fit between the boss and the groove, restricts the relative rotation of the flow guide structure 25 in the circumferential direction, while providing stable support in the axial direction, ensuring that the flow guide structure 25 will not undergo unnecessary displacement or rotation during use, thereby maintaining a precise fluid transmission path between its internal flow guide channel 251 and the first flow cavity 231.

[0179] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the positioning accuracy and stability of the flow guiding structure 25 can be optimized by adjusting the size and depth of the first positioning boss 26 and the first positioning groove 27. In addition, this positioning and mating method also allows the flow guiding structure 25 to be easily disassembled and assembled when needed, facilitating maintenance and replacement without affecting the position and function of other components.

[0180] It is worth noting that by adopting the mating structure of the first positioning boss 26 and the first positioning groove 27, the multi-way switching valve of the present invention can achieve significant improvements and effects in the following aspects: 1. Improved assembly efficiency and accuracy: The mating structure between the flow guide structure 25 and the first flow cavity 231 simplifies the assembly process through the mating boss and the positioning groove, avoiding the additional fixing methods (such as welding, bonding, etc.) that may be required in traditional methods, thereby improving the overall assembly efficiency and accuracy; 2. Enhanced stability and service life: The positioning mating structure ensures the stability and positioning accuracy of the flow guide structure 25 during use, reducing the risk of displacement caused by changes in fluid pressure, thereby improving the stability and service life of the valve body 234; 3. Reduced maintenance costs. 4. Reduced maintenance costs and complexity: Since the flow guiding structure 25 can be easily disassembled and replaced through the cooperation of the positioning boss and the groove, the cost and complexity of subsequent maintenance are greatly reduced, and the maintainability of the system is improved; 5. Improved fluid guiding efficiency: The positioning and cooperation structure ensures the precise alignment between the flow guiding channel 251 inside the flow guiding structure 25 and the first flow cavity 231, thereby realizing the efficient guiding of fluid inside the multi-way switching valve and avoiding leakage and efficiency loss during fluid transmission; 6. Adaptability to diverse working conditions: By adjusting the design of the first positioning boss 26 and the first positioning groove 27, the multi-way switching valve of the present invention can adapt to fluid pressure and flow under different working conditions, improving its flexibility and adaptability in various application scenarios.

[0181] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning boss 28, and the upper valve cover 233 has a second positioning groove 29 at one end facing the first flow cavity 231. At least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove 29 and is limited and engaged with the inner wall of the second positioning groove 29; or, the upper valve cover 233 has a second positioning boss 28 at one end facing the first flow cavity 231, and the flow guiding structure 25 has a second positioning groove 29. At least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove 29 and is limited and engaged with the inner wall of the second positioning groove 29.

[0182] By designing a positioning fit between the flow guide structure 25 and the upper valve cover 233 using a matching structure of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, the precise position of the flow guide structure 25 inside the upper valve cover 233 and the prevention of relative rotation can be ensured through the limiting fit of the boss and the groove, thereby achieving accurate guidance and switching of fluid inside the valve body 234.

[0183] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning boss 28 is disposed on the outer periphery of the flow guiding structure 25, and the upper valve cover 233 has a corresponding second positioning groove 29 on the end facing the first flow cavity 231; during assembly, at least a portion of the second positioning boss 28 extends into the second positioning groove 29 of the upper valve cover 233. Through the side contact between the boss and the groove, the circumferential positioning of the flow guiding structure 25 relative to the upper valve cover 233 is achieved, preventing the rotation of the flow guiding structure 25 caused by external operation or changes in fluid internal pressure, and ensuring accurate alignment between the flow guiding channel 251 and the first flow cavity 231.

[0184] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning boss 28 is designed on the upper valve cover 233, and the flow guiding structure 25 should have a matching second positioning groove 29. This design also ensures the stable positioning and anti-rotation function of the flow guiding structure 25 in the upper valve cover 233.

[0185] The present invention, through the cooperation of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, achieves the following significant technical effects: 1. Enhanced component positioning stability: The cooperation of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29 effectively prevents circumferential displacement of the flow guiding structure 25 during operation, improving the overall positioning stability and structural reliability of the component, and ensuring precise guidance of fluid within the valve body; 2. Simplified assembly process: This design eliminates the need for additional fixing methods (such as welding, bonding, etc.) to connect the flow guiding structure 25 to the upper valve cover 233, simplifying the assembly process, reducing assembly difficulty, and improving assembly efficiency; 3. Improved maintenance convenience: The cooperation of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29 not only ensures the stability of the flow guiding structure 25, but also facilitates maintenance when replacement or maintenance is required. 1. Easy disassembly for quick positioning and repair, reducing maintenance costs and time; 2. Optimized fluid dynamics performance: By precisely controlling the mating dimensions of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, resistance loss during fluid transmission can be reduced, optimizing fluid dynamics performance and improving fluid transmission efficiency; 3. Enhanced sealing performance: Good positioning and mating help improve the sealing between the guide structure 25 and the upper valve cover 233, reducing the risk of refrigerant leakage and ensuring the safety and stability of system operation; 4. Adaptability to diverse working environments: The mating design of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29 can be adjusted in size and material according to different working environments to adapt to different pressure, temperature and fluid medium conditions, enhancing the environmental adaptability and working range of the multi-way switching valve.

[0186] In summary, through the mating structure of the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, the multi-way switching valve of the present invention significantly improves the positioning accuracy and stability of the components, simplifies the assembly and maintenance process, optimizes fluid dynamics performance, enhances sealing performance, and can adapt to diverse environmental conditions, providing strong support for the innovation and application of valve technology. This design not only meets the needs of automotive air conditioning systems but can also be widely applied in heat pumps, refrigeration, and cooling systems, demonstrating its broad application potential in commercial and industrial equipment.

[0187] It should be noted that, by using the above-mentioned matching method of the first positioning boss 26 and the first positioning groove 27, and the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, compared with the existing valve internal structure which is fixed by welding, the present invention avoids the use of laser welding between the upper valve cover 233, the valve body 234, and the lower valve seat 235, thereby effectively avoiding the deformation problem caused by welding and reducing the adverse effects of welding on product deformation.

[0188] Additionally, it is worth noting that the aforementioned mating methods of the first positioning boss 26 and the first positioning groove 27, and the second positioning boss 28 and the second positioning groove 29, can also be combined with the following simple and effective structures: 1. Designing the boss as a key and the groove as a keyway, connecting them by key: By machining keyways and keys (such as flat keys, semi-circular keys, wedge keys, etc.) between two parts that need to be relatively fixed, the relative rotation between the parts can be effectively restricted; the key design can be selected according to factors such as the magnitude of the torque, the material of the parts, and the alignment requirements; 2. Pin connection, i.e., drilling holes on the contact surfaces of the two parts that need to be relatively fixed, and then inserting pins (which can be cylindrical pins or cotter pins), the pins serve to position and prevent relative rotation; pin connection can be used in situations where the torque is small and the precision requirements are not high; 3. Spline connection, similar to key connection, but splines have multiple key teeth, which can provide higher torque transmission capacity and better alignment; spline connection is suitable for situations requiring high torque transmission and precise alignment; 4. Shape fit, for example... Hexagonal, groove, and other shapes can be used to fit together. By using the non-circular cross-sectional shapes of two components that need to be relatively fixed, the two components can only move relative to each other in a specific direction and cannot rotate relative to each other. This type of fit is suitable for low torque and situations where centering requirements are not high. 5. Welding or bonding: In some cases, to permanently fix two components, they can be joined together by welding or using adhesives to completely prevent relative rotation. However, this method is usually used in situations where disassembly is not required. 6. Anti-rotation plates or anti-rotation grooves: An anti-rotation groove is machined on one of the two components that need to be relatively fixed, and a detachable anti-rotation plate is installed on the other component to mate with it. After the anti-rotation plate is inserted into the anti-rotation groove, it can prevent the two components from rotating relative to each other. This is suitable for situations where disassembly is required but relative rotation must be prevented. The selection of the above structures should consider factors such as the actual application scenario, torque magnitude, centering requirements, cost, and disassembly requirements to ensure the reliability of the connection. During the design process, dimensional calculations and strength checks should also be performed according to specific design standards and material properties to ensure the safety and service life of the structure.

[0189] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve body 234 has a first flow chamber 231 and a second flow chamber 232 inside; the upper valve cover 233 is disposed at one end of the valve body 234 in the axial direction and is limited and sealed with the inner wall of the first flow chamber 231 to seal the first flow chamber 231; the lower valve seat 235 is disposed at the other end of the valve body 234 in the axial direction and is limited and sealed with the inner wall of the second flow chamber 232 to seal the second flow chamber 232; the valve body 234 also has mounting holes 236 at both ends that are respectively connected to the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232; a part of the valve core structure 24 passes through the mounting hole 236 and enters the second flow chamber 232.

[0190] By integrating the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232 inside the valve body 234, the two flow chambers can be used to guide fluids with different paths and pressures respectively. The upper valve cover 233 and the lower valve seat 235 are respectively located at both ends of the valve body 234 in the axial direction. They are sealed with the inner walls of the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232 to ensure the sealing of the flow chambers and prevent fluid leakage during switching, thereby maintaining the pressure stability in the system pipeline.

[0191] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the sealing between the upper valve cover 233 and the first flow chamber 231, and between the lower valve seat 235 and the second flow chamber 232, can be achieved by a designed sealing structure; for example, an interference fit can be used; or an O-ring or other type of seal can be used to achieve the seal, which is placed on the inner wall of the upper valve cover 233 and the lower valve seat 235 in contact with the flow chamber. This sealing method effectively isolates the flow chamber from the external environment and ensures the transmission of fluid in the specified path.

[0192] Additionally, it should be noted that the valve body 234 has an installation hole 236 inside, which is connected to the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232 at both ends. This design provides a channel for the installation of the valve core structure 24. A part of the valve core structure 24 passes through the installation hole 236 and extends into the second flow chamber 232. This arrangement enables the valve core structure 24 to control the fluid direction in the second flow chamber 232, thereby achieving the switching between the condenser and evaporator ports.

[0193] The rotational movement of the valve core structure 24 is achieved by the drive assembly 80, which is located at the other end of the main structure 23 and is connected to the valve core structure 24. By rotating the valve core structure 24, the direction of its internal switching channel 241 can be changed, thereby realizing the connection or disconnection between the first port 12 and the second port 13 and the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, so as to control the fluid path.

[0194] The multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention achieves the following technical effects through the above design: 1. Improved fluid control accuracy: The rotation of the valve core structure 24 is precisely controlled by the drive assembly 80, ensuring accurate switching of the fluid path, thereby improving the stability and efficiency of system operation; 2. Enhanced sealing performance: The sealing fit between the upper valve cover 233 and the first flow chamber 231, and between the lower valve seat 235 and the second flow chamber 232, effectively prevents fluid leakage and enhances the sealing performance of the system; 3. Simplified maintenance and replacement process: By designing the valve core structure 24 to be installed through the mounting hole 236, the replacement process of the valve core structure 24 is simplified, without the need to disassemble the entire valve body 234, thus improving... The design of the multi-way switching valve in this invention offers several advantages: 1. Ease of maintenance and replacement; 2. Optimized internal fluid transmission path: The independent design of the first flow chamber 231 and the second flow chamber 232 optimizes the internal fluid transmission path, making fluid transmission more efficient, reducing system energy consumption, and improving overall performance; 3. Adaptability to high-efficiency assembly production and subsequent maintenance needs: By simplifying the structure and optimizing component matching, the multi-way switching valve design of this invention meets the needs of high-efficiency assembly production. At the same time, its ease of maintenance reduces the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance; 4. Avoidance of welding deformation problems: The use of a cartridge installation method avoids welding processes, thereby reducing the thermal deformation that may occur during welding and improving the machining accuracy and service life of the valve body 234.

[0195] Specifically, the upper valve cover 233 and / or valve body 234 are made of aluminum alloy; the lower valve seat 235 is made of plastic; and / or, the first port 12 is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port 13 is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium; the third port 14 is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 is connected to the evaporator; the valve core structure 24 switches one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be connected to one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, and the other of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to be connected to the other of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0196] By using an aluminum alloy upper valve cover 233 and valve body 234, and a plastic lower valve seat 235, a lightweight design is achieved, making the lower valve seat 235 more wear-resistant and effectively reducing wear on the valve core structure 24. The interconnected design of the first port 12, second port 13, third port 14, and fourth port 15 enables precise control of the heat exchange medium flow path. This design improves the lightweight nature of the multi-port switching valve and the accuracy of fluid switching, while reducing system energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0197] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper valve cover 233 and the valve body 234 can be made of a lower density material (e.g., aluminum alloy), and the lower valve seat 235 can be made of plastic injection molding, such as PPS or PEEK material, thereby reducing the surface friction coefficient and reducing the friction torque that the valve core structure 24 needs to overcome when rotating.

[0198] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 14 As shown, the multi-port switching valve also includes a drive assembly 80, which is disposed on the main body structure 23 and drivenly connected to the valve core structure 24 for driving the valve core structure 24 to rotate; the connection end of the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at one end of the main body structure 23 near the first port 12; and / or, the limiting member 90 includes a threaded member, the outer periphery of the drive assembly 80 has an external thread, and the threaded member engages with the external thread to be fixed relative to the mounting cavity 11; or, the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11 has an internal thread, and the threaded member engages with the internal thread to be fixed relative to the mounting cavity 11.

[0199] By setting the drive assembly 80, precise actuation of the valve core structure 24 is achieved; the threaded engagement of the limiting member 90 ensures the stable installation of the drive assembly 80 with a simple structure. This design improves the driving accuracy and stability of the multi-way switching valve and reduces the system failure rate caused by unstable installation of the drive assembly 80.

[0200] During use, when it is necessary to switch the fluid path, the valve core structure 24 is precisely driven to rotate by the drive component 80, so that the internal switching channel 241 is connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, thereby realizing the precise switching of the fluid path; the threaded fit of the limit member 90 also ensures the stable installation of the drive component 80, avoiding accidental movement during operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the system operation.

[0201] Furthermore, in Embodiment 3 of the present invention:

[0202] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port switching valve, comprising: a valve island 10, a switching component 20, and a drive component 80; the valve island 10 has a first port 12, a second port 13, a third port 14, and a fourth port 15, the first port 12 being used for flowing a low-temperature heat exchange medium, and the second port 13 being used for flowing a high-temperature heat exchange medium; the switching component 20 includes a main body structure 23 and a valve core structure 24; the main body structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231 and a second flow cavity 232 inside, the first flow cavity 231 communicating with the first port 12, and the second flow cavity 232 communicating with the second port 13; the valve core structure 24 is rotatably disposed on the main body structure 23, and the valve core structure 24 is used to switch one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to communicate with one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15; the drive component 80 is drivenly connected to the valve core structure 24 and is used to drive the valve core structure 24 to rotate; wherein, the first flow cavity 231 is located between the drive component 80 and the second flow cavity 232, and the first flow cavity 231 is in communication with the interior of the drive component 80.

[0203] This invention, by setting a first flow cavity 231 between the drive assembly 80 and the second flow cavity 232, and having the first flow cavity 231 connected to the interior of the drive assembly 80, ensures that the connection end between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at the end of the main structure 23 near the first port 12. This prevents the high-temperature heat exchange medium from entering the drive assembly 80, avoiding any adverse effects of the high-temperature heat exchange medium on the magnetism of the motor rotor and stator, allowing the drive assembly 80 to operate stably, thereby ensuring the operational stability of the four-way valve. Furthermore, by setting the first port 12 to allow the flow of a low-temperature heat exchange medium and connecting the first flow cavity 231 to the first port 12, this invention cleverly utilizes the characteristic that the low-temperature heat exchange medium does not adversely affect the magnetism of the motor rotor and stator in the drive assembly 80, eliminating the need for an additional sealing ring at the connection end between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24. This contrasts with existing technologies that require multiple sealing rings to be fitted onto the valve core structure. By using the outer circumference of the valve core for sealing, this invention significantly reduces the number of sealing rings fitted around the valve core structure 24, thereby significantly reducing the resistance when the valve core structure 24 rotates. This reduces the load torque and additional wear when the drive assembly 80 drives the valve core structure 24 to rotate, thus improving the service life and operational reliability of the multi-way switching valve. By optimizing the position of the connection end between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24, this invention simplifies the number of sealing rings, reducing not only the number of parts but also the overall rotational resistance, making the switching action of the multi-way switching valve more reliable and smooth. This invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. The multi-way switching valve proposed in this invention can be efficiently applied to automotive air conditioning and refrigeration systems, significantly improving system response speed and reliability, reducing maintenance costs, and possessing significant economic benefits and market competitiveness.

[0204] It should be noted that the main factor affecting the magnetism of the rotor and stator inside the drive assembly 80 is the temperature of the heat exchange medium. The "high temperature" and "low temperature" in the high temperature heat exchange medium and low temperature heat exchange medium defined in this invention are temperature concepts compared between the two, that is, the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing in the first flow cavity 231 and the first port 12 is lower than the temperature of the heat exchange medium flowing in the second flow cavity 232 and the second port 13.

[0205] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-port switching valve also includes a core sealing structure 60, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 and located between the first port 12 and the second port 13 to prevent the high-temperature heat exchange medium from entering the drive assembly 80.

[0206] By setting the core sealing structure 60 and utilizing the elastic properties of the sealing ring, an effective sealing barrier is formed to prevent high-temperature heat exchange medium from entering the drive assembly 80 from the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24. This avoids the magnetic influence of the high-temperature medium on the motor assembly of the drive assembly 80, thereby significantly improving the sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve, ensuring the normal operation of the drive assembly 80, effectively protecting the drive assembly 80 from damage by the high-temperature medium, and extending the service life of the multi-way switching valve.

[0207] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main structure 23 has a first flow cavity 231, a second flow cavity 232, and mounting holes 236 at both ends communicating with the first flow cavity 231 and the second flow cavity 232 respectively; the first flow cavity 231 is connected to the first port 12, and the second flow cavity 232 is connected to the second port 13; a part of the valve core structure 24 passes through the mounting hole 236 and enters the second flow cavity 232; wherein, the core sealing structure 60 is respectively sealed and cooperates with the inner wall of the mounting hole 236 and the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 to isolate the first flow cavity 231 and the second flow cavity 232.

[0208] The core sealing structure 60 and the mounting hole 236 work together to form a sealed environment, isolating the flow paths of the low-temperature and high-temperature heat exchange media and preventing leakage of the high-temperature media. The above design improves the sealing performance and switching efficiency of the multi-way switching valve, ensuring the stability and safety of the system operation. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems where strict control of the heat exchange media flow path is required, it can effectively avoid the adverse effects of the high-temperature media on other components of the system and improve the overall system performance.

[0209] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242 and a first bearing 243. At least a portion of the first bearing 243 is disposed in the mounting hole 236 and sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve core body 242. The first bearing 243 is located between the core sealing structure 60 and the second port 13.

[0210] By setting the first bearing 243, the low friction characteristics of the bearing are utilized to reduce the frictional resistance of the valve core 242 during rotation, improve the switching efficiency, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the multi-way switching valve during the switching process and extending the service life of the valve core 242 and the drive assembly 80. In air conditioning systems that frequently switch between cooling and heating modes, mechanical wear during the switching process can be effectively reduced, and the overall performance of the system can be improved.

[0211] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve island 10 has an installation cavity 11 inside; the first port 12 and the second port 13 are disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, and the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10; the main structure 23 isolates the installation cavity 11 into a first chamber 111 and a second chamber 112, the first chamber 111 is connected to the first port 12, and the second chamber 112 is connected to the second port 13; the main structure includes an upper valve cover, a valve body, and a lower valve seat; the valve body is disposed in the installation cavity, and the valve body has a first flow cavity and a second flow cavity inside; the first flow cavity is connected to the first port, and the second flow cavity is connected to the second port; the upper valve cover is fixedly disposed at one end of the valve body along the axial direction to seal the first flow cavity; the lower valve seat is fixedly disposed at the other end of the valve body along the axial direction to seal the second flow cavity; wherein, the connection end between the drive assembly and the valve core structure is located at the upper valve cover, and there is a channel between the valve core structure 24 and the upper valve cover 233 that communicates with the interior of the drive assembly 80.

[0212] Through the above-mentioned design, a seal-free design is achieved between the upper valve cover 233 and the valve core structure 24, simplifying the connection design between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24, reducing unnecessary seals, and lowering the overall frictional resistance. In addition, the above design improves the switching efficiency and reliability of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, simplifies the structure, and reduces costs. In automotive air conditioning and refrigeration systems, it can effectively improve the system's response speed and reliability, reduce maintenance costs, and has significant economic benefits and market competitiveness.

[0213] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, it is worth noting that the channel between the valve core structure 24 and the upper valve cover 233 that communicates with the interior of the drive assembly 80 can be formed by using clearance fit between the various structures or other methods.

[0214] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, a first bearing 243, a second bearing 244, a third bearing 245, a slider 246, and an annular sealing ring 247. The valve core body 242 has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 communicates with the first port 12, and the other end is located in the second flow chamber 232. It can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 by rotating the valve core body 242. The first bearing 243 is mounted on the valve body 234 and engages with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242. The second bearing 244 is mounted on the upper valve cover 233. The third bearing 245 is disposed on the lower valve seat 235 and is engaged with the outer periphery of the end of the valve core 242 away from the second bearing 244; the slider 246 is sleeved on one end of the valve core 242 located in the second flow cavity 232, and its internal channel is connected to the switching channel 241; the annular sealing ring 247 is disposed between the slider 246 and the end of the valve core 242 located in the second flow cavity 232, and is used to seal the gap between the slider 246 and the valve core 242; wherein, the slider 246 is slidably disposed on the lower valve seat 235.

[0215] This configuration utilizes the low-friction characteristics of the first bearing 243 and the second bearing 244 to ensure the smoothness and precision of the valve core 242 during rotation. At the same time, it reduces friction and improves switching efficiency, thereby achieving efficient and stable switching of the multi-way switching valve, reducing energy consumption and wear, simplifying the structure, and lowering costs. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require high-precision and high-frequency switching, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0216] The design of the third bearing 245 further reduces the frictional resistance when the valve core 242 rotates, improving switching efficiency and stability. At the same time, it reduces the energy consumption of the multi-way switching valve during the switching process, extends the service life of the valve core 242 and the drive assembly 80, and improves the overall reliability. In air conditioning systems that require frequent switching between cooling and heating modes, it effectively reduces mechanical wear during the switching process and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0217] Through the sliding engagement of the slider 246 and the sealing effect of the annular sealing ring 247, precise communication between the switching channel 241 and the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 is achieved, while preventing media leakage and improving sealing performance. This significantly improves the switching accuracy and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, and extends its service life. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require high-precision switching, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, reduces maintenance costs, and has significant economic benefits and market competitiveness.

[0218] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the lower valve seat 235 has a fifth port 21 and a sixth port 22. The fifth port 21 is connected to the third port 14, and the sixth port 22 is connected to the fourth port 15. When the slider 246 does not block the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22, the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 are respectively connected to the second flow cavity 232. When the internal channel of the slider 246 is connected to the fifth port 21, the slider 246 seals the fifth port 21 to isolate the fifth port 21 from the second flow cavity 232, and the sixth port 22 is connected to the second port 13. When the internal channel of the slider 246 is connected to the sixth port 22, the slider 246 seals the sixth port 22 to isolate the sixth port 22 from the second flow cavity 232, and the fifth port 21 is connected to the second port 13. And / or, the annular sealing ring 247 is made of elastic material; the slider 246 and / or the lower valve seat 235 are made of plastic material.

[0219] By moving the slider 246, the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22 can be connected or isolated from the second flow chamber 232, thereby controlling the flow path of the heat exchange medium, improving the switching efficiency and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve, ensuring the stable operation of the system, and reducing energy consumption and wear. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require precise control of the flow path of the heat exchange medium, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0220] The annular sealing ring 247, made of elastic material, utilizes its elastic properties to form a tight seal, preventing media leakage. Meanwhile, the plastic slider 246 and / or lower valve seat 235 not only possess excellent wear and corrosion resistance, improving overall stability and service life, but also facilitate processing and cost control. This design enhances the sealing and wear resistance of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, extends service life, and facilitates a lightweight overall design. In air conditioning systems requiring frequent switching between cooling and heating modes, it effectively reduces mechanical wear during switching, improves overall system performance, and lowers maintenance costs.

[0221] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, a first bearing 243 and a second bearing 244 respectively disposed on the main body structure 23. The valve core body 242 has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core body 242. The first bearing 243 is disposed between the core sealing structure 60 and the second port 13 and is engaged with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242. The second bearing 244 is disposed at the connection end between the valve core body 242 and the drive assembly 80 and is engaged with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242.

[0222] The cooperation of the first bearing 243 and the second bearing 244 ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the valve core 242 during rotation. At the same time, the bearings reduce friction and improve switching efficiency, thereby achieving efficient and stable switching of the multi-way switching valve, reducing energy consumption and wear. In air conditioning and refrigeration systems that require high precision and high frequency switching, the system's response speed and reliability are effectively improved.

[0223] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 14 As shown, the valve island 10 has an installation cavity 11 inside; the first port 12 and the second port 13 are provided on the side wall of the valve island 10 and are spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10; the third port 14 and the fourth port 15 are provided on the bottom wall of the valve island 10; the main structure 23 isolates the installation cavity 11 into a first chamber 111 and a second chamber 112, the first chamber 111 is connected to the first port 12, and the second chamber 112 is connected to the second port 13.

[0224] The main structure 23 isolates the mounting cavity 11, forming independent low-temperature and high-temperature flow paths, avoiding mutual influence between media, thereby improving the switching efficiency and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve and ensuring the stable operation of the system; in air conditioning systems that require efficient switching between cooling and heating modes, it effectively improves the system's response speed and reliability, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0225] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, a first bearing 243, and a second bearing 244. The valve core body 242 has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end is located in the second flow cavity 232. It can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 by rotating the valve core body 242. The first bearing 243 is disposed on the valve body 234 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242. The second bearing 244 is disposed on the upper valve cover 233 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242.

[0226] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, which has a switching channel 241 inside. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end can be selectively connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 through the rotation of the valve core body 242. The valve core body 242 includes a main core body 2421, an upper valve core shaft 2422, and a lower valve core shaft 2423. The upper valve core shaft 2422 is located at the end of the main core body 2421 near the first port 12, and the lower valve core shaft 2423 is located at the end of the main core body 2421 away from the first port 12. The interior of the upper valve core shaft 2422 is connected to the interior of the main core body 2421, forming at least a part of the switching channel 241. The upper valve core shaft 2422 and the lower valve core shaft 2423 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the main body structure 23 in the axial direction, and the main core body 2421 is spaced apart from the bottom wall of the main body structure 23.

[0227] By rotating the valve core 242, the switching channel 241 is connected to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, thereby controlling the flow path of the heat exchange medium, improving the switching efficiency and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve, ensuring the stable operation of the system, and reducing energy consumption and wear.

[0228] Specifically, the upper valve spindle 2422 and / or the lower valve spindle 2423 are sealed and fixedly connected to the main core 2421 by welding.

[0229] The welding design creates a tight connection, improving the strength and sealing of the connection and preventing media leakage. This significantly improves the sealing and stability of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, and extends its service life. In air conditioning systems that require switching between cooling and heating modes, it effectively reduces mechanical wear during the switching process, improves the overall performance of the system, and lowers maintenance costs.

[0230] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the upper valve spindle 2422 is drivenly connected to the drive assembly 80; the valve core structure 24 also includes a first bearing 243 and a second bearing 244 respectively disposed on the main body structure 23. The first bearing 243 is sleeved on the end of the upper valve spindle 2422 near the main core 2421 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the upper valve spindle 2422; the second bearing 244 is disposed at the connection end of the upper valve spindle 2422 and the drive assembly 80 and cooperates with the outer periphery of the upper valve spindle 2422; and / or, the valve core structure 24 also includes a first bearing 243 and a second bearing 244 disposed on the main body structure 23. The third bearing 245 on the valve core 24 is sleeved on one end of the lower valve core 2423 near the main body structure 23 and engages with the outer periphery of the lower valve core 2423; and / or, the valve core structure 24 also includes a slider 246 and an annular sealing ring 247. The slider 246 is sleeved on the protrusion at the connection end between the main core 2421 and the lower valve core 2423, and its internal channel communicates with the switching channel 241; the annular sealing ring 247 is disposed between the slider 246 and the protrusion to seal the gap between the slider 246 and the protrusion.

[0231] The connection between the upper valve core shaft 2422 and the drive assembly 80, as well as the cooperation of the first bearing 243, the second bearing 244 and the third bearing 245, ensures the stability and accuracy of the valve core structure 24 during rotation. At the same time, the sealing effect of the slider 246 and the annular sealing ring 247 prevents media leakage and improves the sealing performance. As a result, the overall switching efficiency and sealing performance of the multi-way switching valve are significantly improved, energy consumption and wear are reduced, and service life is extended.

[0232] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the drive assembly 80 includes a drive motor 81, a speed regulating gear structure, and an output gear structure 82. The drive motor 81 is connected to the speed regulating gear structure. The output gear structure 82 has a cavity 821 inside, and the inner wall of the cavity 821 has annularly arranged gear teeth 822. At least a portion of the speed regulating gear structure is disposed in the cavity 821 and meshes with the gear teeth 822. The output gear is connected to the valve core structure 24. The drive motor 81 drives the speed regulating gear structure to rotate, and the speed regulating gear structure drives the output gear structure 82 and the valve core structure 24 to rotate through the gear teeth 822.

[0233] The drive motor 81 drives the speed regulating gear structure to rotate, and the speed regulating gear structure then drives the valve core structure 24 to rotate through the meshing of the gear teeth 822 and the output gear structure 82, thereby realizing the switching of the heat exchange medium flow path, which improves the switching efficiency and control accuracy of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, and extends service life.

[0234] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 15 As shown, the output gear structure 82 has an opening at one end facing the speed regulating gear structure, which communicates with the cavity 821. At least a portion of the speed regulating gear structure enters the cavity 821 through the opening. The end of the output gear structure 82 away from the opening is connected to the valve core structure 24. And / or, the connection end of the output gear structure 82 and the valve core structure 24 has a mating hole 823. At least a portion of the connection end of the valve core structure 24 and the output gear structure 82 is inserted into the mating hole 823 and is limited to fit with the inner wall of the mating hole 823. The inner wall of the mating hole 823 has at least one plane, which is used to limit the relative fixation of the valve core structure 24 and the output gear structure 82.

[0235] By cooperating with the output gear structure 82 and the speed regulating gear structure, the drive motor 81 achieves precise control of the valve core structure 24. At the same time, the limiting effect of the mating hole 823 ensures a stable connection between the output gear structure 82 and the valve core structure 24, improving switching efficiency and control accuracy. This significantly improves the switching efficiency and control accuracy of the multi-way switching valve, reduces energy consumption and wear, and extends its service life.

[0236] Specifically, the first port 12 is connected to the low-temperature inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port 13 is connected to the high-temperature outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the third port 14 is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 is connected to the evaporator. The switching component 20 switches one of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to one of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, and the other of the first port 12 and the second port 13 to the other of the third port 14 and the fourth port 15, so as to control the flow path of the heat exchange medium.

[0237] By rotating the valve core structure 24, the first port 12, the second port 13, the third port 14, and the fourth port 15 can be connected or isolated, thereby controlling the flow path of the heat exchange medium and realizing the switching between cooling and heating modes. This can significantly improve the switching efficiency and control accuracy of the multi-way switching valve, reduce energy consumption and wear, and extend its service life.

[0238] It is worth noting that in a specific embodiment of the present invention, when it is necessary to switch from the cooling mode to the heating mode, the drive motor 81 drives the output gear structure 82 to rotate through the speed regulating gear structure, which in turn drives the valve core structure 24 to rotate, so that the first port 12 is connected to the fourth port 15, and the second port 13 is connected to the third port 14, thereby realizing the switching of the heat exchange medium flow path and thus completing the switching between the cooling and heating modes.

[0239] The specific working process and principle of one embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail as follows:

[0240] Figure 1This document illustrates a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the multi-port switching valve provided in this application. The valve island 10, as the basic component of the entire multi-port switching valve, has an internal mounting cavity 11. A first port 12 and a second port 13 are respectively disposed on the side wall of the valve island 10 and spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10. A third port 14 and a fourth port 15 are disposed on the bottom wall of the valve island 10. Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the valve island 10 has an inlet (first port 12) for low-temperature heat exchange medium and an outlet (second port 13) for high-temperature heat exchange medium on its side wall, as well as a condenser interface (third port 14) and an evaporator interface (fourth port 15) on its bottom wall; the main structure 23 is inserted into the valve island 10, which isolates the installation cavity 11 into a first chamber 111 and a second chamber 112. The first port 12 is connected to the first chamber 111, and the second port 13 is connected to the second chamber 112. The main structure 23 includes an upper valve cover 233, a valve body 234, and a lower valve seat 235. The upper valve cover 233 is fixed to one end of the valve body 234 to seal the first flow chamber 231. The lower valve seat 235 is fixed to the other end of the valve body 234 to seal the second flow chamber 232. The connection end between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 is located at the upper valve cover 233. The ingenious design is that no additional sealing ring is set between the upper valve cover 233 and the valve core structure 24. Instead, the isolation between the high-temperature heat exchange medium and the drive motor 81 in the drive assembly 80 is achieved through the core sealing structure 60.

[0241] The valve core structure 24 includes a valve core body 242, a first bearing 243, and a second bearing 244. The valve core body 242 has an internal switching channel 241. One end of the switching channel 241 is connected to the first port 12, and the other end, through the rotation of the valve core body 242, can selectively connect to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15, enabling the switching of the heat exchange medium from low temperature to high temperature or vice versa. The first bearing 243 is mounted on the valve body 234, sleeved around the outer periphery of the valve core body 242, and located between the core sealing structure 60 and the second port 13, ensuring the smoothness and sealing of the valve core body 242 during rotation. The second bearing 244 is mounted on the upper valve cover 233, also engaging with the outer periphery of the valve core body 242, ensuring smooth rotation between the valve core body 242 and the upper valve cover 233. It is worth mentioning that, in some embodiments, the valve core structure 24 also includes a third bearing 245, which is fixed on the lower valve seat 235 and cooperates with the distal end of the valve core body 242, further improving the support stability and rotation efficiency of the valve core structure 24. In addition, the valve core structure 24 also includes a slider 246 and an annular sealing ring 247. The slider 246 is sleeved on one end of the valve core body 242 located in the second flow cavity 232, and its internal channel communicates with the switching channel 241. The annular sealing ring 247 is disposed between the slider 246 and the valve core body 242, effectively sealing the gap between the two and preventing leakage of the high-temperature heat exchange medium. In some embodiments, the annular sealing ring 247 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber, to ensure good sealing performance. The slider 246 and the lower valve seat 235 are made of plastic material to reduce the weight of the multi-way switching valve and reduce production costs.

[0242] The drive assembly 80 includes a drive motor 81, a speed regulating gear structure, and an output gear structure 82. The drive motor 81 is connected to the speed regulating gear structure. Through the output power of the drive motor 81, the speed regulating gear structure can adjust the speed, thereby achieving precise control of the output gear structure 82. The output gear structure 82 has a cavity 821 inside. The inner wall of the cavity 821 is provided with ring-shaped teeth 822. Part of the speed regulating gear structure enters the cavity 821 through an opening and meshes with the teeth 822, thereby transmitting the speed-regulated power to the output gear structure 82. The connection end between the output gear structure 82 and the valve core structure 24 is provided with a mating hole 823. At least a part of the valve core structure 24 is inserted into this mating hole 823 and is limited to fit with the inner wall of the mating hole 823. In particular, the inner wall of the mating hole 823 is provided with at least one plane. This plane is used to limit the relative position of the valve core structure 24 and the output gear structure 82, ensuring that the two can be stably fixed together. The speed regulating gear structure is driven to rotate by the drive motor 81, which in turn drives the output gear structure 82 and the valve core structure 24 to rotate together, thereby realizing the precise control of the multi-way switching valve.

[0243] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the valve core 242 is designed to include a main core 2421, an upper valve spindle 2422, and a lower valve spindle 2423. The upper valve spindle 2422 is located at the end of the main core 2421 near the first port 12, and the lower valve spindle 2423 is located at the end of the main core 2421 away from the first port 12. The upper valve spindle 2422 and the lower valve spindle 2423 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the main structure 23 in the axial direction, respectively. The main core 2421 maintains a certain distance from the bottom wall of the main structure 23, ensuring the free rotation of the valve core structure 24. The interior of the upper valve spindle 2422 is connected to the interior of the main core 2421, together forming part of the switching channel 241. To improve sealing and stability, the upper valve spindle 2422 and / or the lower valve spindle 2423 are sealed and fixedly connected to the main core 2421 by welding. This connection method avoids the leakage problems that may be caused by traditional connection methods and enhances the integrity and durability of the valve core structure 24.

[0244] In one embodiment of the present invention, a slider 246 is sleeved on the protrusion at the connection end between the main core 2421 and the lower valve core 2423, and its internal channel communicates with the switching channel 241, enabling the slider 246 to precisely control the flow direction of the heat exchange medium during switching. An annular sealing ring 247 is disposed between the slider 246 and the protrusion to seal the gap between them, preventing leakage of the high-temperature heat exchange medium and ensuring the high efficiency and reliability of the multi-port switching valve. The slider 246 is slidably mounted on the lower valve seat 235. When the slider 246 slides to different positions, it can block or avoid the fifth port 21 and the sixth port 22. Through the precise control of the slider 246, flexible switching of the heat exchange medium flow direction is achieved.

[0245] When the drive motor 81 starts, its output power is transmitted to the output gear structure 82 through the speed regulating gear structure. The gear teeth 822 in the output gear structure 82 mesh with the speed regulating gear structure, effectively transmitting the speed-regulated power to the valve core structure 24. The valve core body 242 in the valve core structure 24 achieves precise rotation through the connection between the upper valve core shaft 2422 and the output gear structure 82, and the rotational connection between the lower valve core shaft 2423 and the lower valve seat 235. When the valve core body 242 rotates, one end of its internal switching channel 241 is always connected to the first port 12, while the other end selectively connects to the third port 14 or the fourth port 15 depending on the rotational position of the valve core body 242, thereby controlling the flow path of the heat exchange medium. During this process, the core sealing structure 60 effectively prevents the high-temperature heat exchange medium from leaking into the drive assembly 80 from the second port 13, protecting the normal operation of the drive assembly 80, avoiding potential damage to the motor by the high-temperature medium, and enhancing the stability and safety of the multi-way switching valve.

[0246] Compared with existing technologies, the multi-port switching valve proposed in this invention has the following significant advantages:

[0247] 1. The connection position between the drive assembly 80 and the valve core structure 24 has been optimized to ensure that the drive assembly 80 is protected from the adverse effects of the high-temperature heat exchange medium, thus ensuring the stable operation of the drive assembly 80 and extending its service life.

[0248] 2. The number of sealing rings on the outer periphery of the valve core structure 24 has been reduced, which effectively reduces the resistance when the valve core body 242 rotates, reduces the load torque and additional wear when the drive assembly 80 drives the valve core body 242 to rotate, and significantly improves the service life and operational reliability of the multi-way switching valve.

[0249] 3. By selecting specific bearings (such as the first bearing 243, the second bearing 244, and the third bearing 245) and sealing structures (such as the core sealing structure 60 and the annular sealing ring 247) in combination, the structure of the multi-way switching valve is not only simplified and the number of parts is reduced, but the overall rotational resistance is also reduced, making the switching action more reliable and smooth. It is suitable for widespread application in automotive air conditioning systems, refrigeration systems, and other applications, and has significant economic benefits and market competitiveness.

[0250] The multi-port switching valve of this application not only embodies innovation and practicality in its design, but also demonstrates high efficiency and economy in practical applications. It is a novel valve worthy of promotion and application in refrigeration systems and automotive air conditioning systems. Through the detailed description of the above embodiments, it is clear that the multi-port switching valve of this application has undergone careful optimization in both structural design and functional implementation, aiming to solve the problems existing in traditional multi-port switching valves and improve the overall operating efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0251] In summary, this invention provides a multi-way switching valve and an air conditioning system. By setting a first port 12 and a second port 13 on the side wall of the valve island 10, spaced apart along the axial direction of the valve island 10, and combined with a first sealing structure 30, a simple structure is used to achieve sealing on the valve island 10, solving the problem of complex sealing structures for the flow channels on the inner side wall of the valve island in existing technologies. Subsequently, the first port 12 can be connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of the heat exchange medium, and the second port 13 can be connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of the heat exchange medium. The third port 14 can be connected to the condenser, and the fourth port 15 can be connected to the evaporator. This invention, through the spaced first port 12 and second port 13, combined with the first sealing structure 30, solves the problem of difficult sealing between the high-pressure inlet and low-pressure outlet of existing automotive four-way valves, avoiding abnormal flow of the heat exchange medium. This invention... The installation cavity 11 allows the switching assembly 20 and the first sealing structure 30 to be quickly inserted into the valve island 10 for installation. This simplifies the overall structure of the multi-way switching valve and makes it easier to disassemble and assemble, thus solving the problem of difficult plug-in assembly of existing automotive four-way valves. The invention has a simple structure and low cost, is easy to assemble and maintain, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. In practical applications in automotive air conditioning systems, this invention can achieve rapid switching between heating and cooling modes, reduce the number of pipes in the air conditioning system, and facilitate disassembly, assembly, and maintenance by personnel. In addition, this invention effectively reduces the risk of heat exchange medium leakage, thereby improving the reliability and energy efficiency ratio of the subsequent air conditioning system. This invention is not only applicable to automotive air conditioning systems, but can also be widely used in heat pumps, refrigeration, and cooling systems, providing more flexible, efficient, and environmentally friendly technical solutions for commercial and industrial equipment.

[0252] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0253] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0254] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0255] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0256] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0257] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-port switching valve, characterized in that, include: The valve island (10), switching assembly (20), and first sealing structure (30) are provided. The valve island (10) has an internal mounting cavity (11) and also has a first port (12), a second port (13), a third port (14), and a fourth port (15). The first port (12) and the second port (13) are axially spaced on the sidewall of the valve island (10), and the third port (14) and the fourth port (15) are located on the bottom wall of the valve island (10). At least a portion of the switching assembly (20) is inserted into the mounting cavity (11) for controlling the first port (12), the second port (13), the third port (14), and the fourth port (15). The flow path between the port (13), the third port (14), and the fourth port (15) is switched; wherein, the first sealing structure (30) is disposed between the first port (12) and the second port (13), the first sealing structure (30) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the switching assembly (20), and is sealed and cooperated with the outer periphery of the switching assembly (20) and the inner wall of the mounting cavity (11) to isolate the mounting cavity (11) into a first chamber (111) and a second chamber (112), the first chamber (111) is connected to the first port (12), and the second chamber (112) is connected to the second port (13).

2. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall surface of the mounting cavity (11) of the valve island (10) in the circumferential direction is a cylindrical surface, and the outer circumferential shape of the first sealing structure (30) is adapted to the shape of the inner wall surface of the mounting cavity (11) in the circumferential direction.

3. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The multi-port switching valve further includes a second sealing structure (40) and a third sealing structure. The switching assembly (20) has a fifth port (21) and a sixth port (22). The fifth port (21) is connected to the third port (14), and the fourth port (15) is connected to the sixth port (22). The second sealing structure (40) is disposed between the third port (14) and the fifth port (21) to isolate the third port (14), the fifth port (21) from the second chamber (112). The third sealing structure is disposed between the fourth port (15) and the sixth port (22) to isolate the fourth port (15), the sixth port (22) from the second chamber (112).

4. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching assembly (20) includes a main structure (23) and a valve core structure (24); at least a portion of the main structure (23) is disposed within the mounting cavity (11), and the first sealing structure (30) is in sealing fit with the outer periphery of the main structure (23); the main structure (23) has a first flow cavity (231) and a second flow cavity (232) inside, the first flow cavity (231) communicating with the first chamber (111), and the second flow cavity (232) communicating with the second chamber (112); The valve core structure (24) is rotatably disposed within the main body structure (23). The valve core structure (24) has a switching channel (241) inside. One end of the switching channel (241) is connected to the first flow chamber (231), and the other end can be selectively connected to one of the fifth port (21) and the sixth port (22) by the rotation of the valve core structure (24). The other of the fifth port (21) and the sixth port (22) is connected to the second port (13) through the second flow chamber (232).

5. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-port switching valve also includes a core sealing structure (60), which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve core structure (24) and located between the first port (12) and the second port (13).

6. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main structure (23) includes an upper valve cover (233), a valve body (234), and a lower valve seat (235); the valve body (234) is disposed in the mounting cavity (11), and the valve body (234) has a first flow cavity (231) and a second flow cavity (232) inside; the valve body (234) also has mounting holes (236) at both ends communicating with the first flow cavity (231) and the second flow cavity (232) respectively; the upper valve cover (233) is fixedly disposed at one end of the valve body (234); the lower valve seat (235) 35) Fixedly disposed at the other end of the valve body (234); a part of the valve core structure (24) passes through the mounting hole (236) and enters the second flow chamber (232); the core sealing structure (60) is disposed in the mounting hole (236) and respectively seals and cooperates with the inner wall of the mounting hole (236) and the outer periphery of the valve core structure (24) to isolate the first flow chamber (231) and the second flow chamber (232); the fifth port (21) and the sixth port (22) are respectively located on the lower valve seat (235).

7. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first sealing structure (30) includes a first sealing ring (31), the second sealing structure (40) includes a second sealing ring (41), the third sealing structure includes a third sealing ring, and the core sealing structure (60) includes a core sealing ring (61); the multi-way switching valve also includes a fourth sealing structure (70), which includes a fourth sealing ring (71); the valve body (234) has a first annular groove (2341) on its outer periphery, the lower valve seat (235) has a second annular groove (2351) and a third annular groove (2352) spaced apart at one end facing the bottom wall of the valve island (10), the inner wall of the mounting hole (236) has a fourth annular groove (2361), and the outer periphery of the upper valve cover (233) has a fifth annular groove (2331); Wherein, at least a portion of the first sealing ring (31) is disposed within the first annular groove (2341) and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the first annular groove (2341); at least a portion of the fourth sealing ring (71) is disposed within the fifth annular groove (2331) and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the fifth annular groove (2331); the first sealing ring (31) and the fourth sealing ring (71) respectively abut against the side wall of the mounting cavity (11); at least a portion of the second sealing ring (41) is disposed within the fifth annular groove (2331); The second sealing ring (41) is located in the second annular groove (2351) and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the second annular groove (2351). At least a portion of the third sealing ring is located in the third annular groove (2352) and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the third annular groove (2352). The second sealing ring (41) and the third sealing ring respectively abut against the bottom wall of the mounting cavity (11). At least a portion of the core sealing ring (61) is located in the fourth annular groove (2361) and is sealed and limited in cooperation with the fourth annular groove (2361).

8. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching component (20) includes a main structure (23) and a valve core structure (24); the multi-way switching valve also includes a drive component (80), which is disposed on the main structure (23) and drivenly connected to the valve core structure (24) for driving the valve core structure (24) to rotate; wherein, the connection end of the drive component (80) and the valve core structure (24) is located at the end of the main structure (23) near the first port (12).

9. The multi-port switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching assembly (20) includes a main structure (23) and a valve core structure (24); the main structure (23) includes an upper valve cover (233), a valve body (234), and a lower valve seat (235); the valve body (234) has a first flow chamber (231) and a second flow chamber (232) inside; the valve core structure (24) includes a valve core body (242), a first bearing (243), and a second bearing (244), the valve core body (242) having a switching channel (241) inside, the switching... One end of the channel (241) is connected to the first port (12), and the other end is located in the second flow cavity (232), and can be selectively connected to the third port (14) or the fourth port (15) by the rotation of the valve core (242); the first bearing (243) is disposed on the valve body (234) and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core (242); the second bearing (244) is disposed on the upper valve cover (233) and cooperates with the outer periphery of the valve core (242); The valve core structure (24) further includes a slider (246) and an annular sealing ring (247). The slider (246) is sleeved on one end of the valve core body (242) located in the second flow cavity (232), and its internal channel communicates with the switching channel (241). The annular sealing ring (247) is disposed between the slider (246) and the valve core body (242) located in the second flow cavity (232) to seal the gap between the slider (246) and the valve core body (242). The slider (246) is slidably engaged with the lower valve seat (235). The annular sealing ring (247) is made of elastic material; the slider (246) and / or the lower valve seat (235) are made of plastic material.

10. An air conditioning system, characterized in that, The air conditioning system includes a multi-port switching valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the air conditioning system further includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator; the multi-port switching valve is a four-way valve, the first port (12) is connected to the low-pressure inlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium, the second port (13) is connected to the high-pressure outlet of the compressor for the flow of heat exchange medium; the third port (14) is connected to the condenser, and the fourth port (15) is connected to the evaporator; wherein, the switching component (20) controls the flow direction of the heat exchange medium by switching.

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