Split type pyrolysis treatment device, method and photovoltaic module recycling equipment thereof

Abstract

This application relates to a split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus, method, and photovoltaic module recycling equipment. The apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace and an incinerator, separately arranged, a gas conveying pipeline connecting the two, and a porous media structure disposed within the pyrolysis chamber. The material to be treated is pyrolyzed under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions to generate pyrolysis gas. The porous media pipes release combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas, causing some of the pyrolysis gas to undergo filtration and combustion on its outer surface. The resulting heat is at least partially transferred to the material to be treated via radiation, providing heat for pyrolysis. The flue gas generated from the filtration and combustion, as well as unburned pyrolysis gas, enter the incinerator for further combustion via the gas conveying pipeline. Multiple porous media pipes can supply gas in zones along the conveying direction, and their distance from the material to be treated and the amount of combustible gas supplied to each zone can be adjusted to adapt to the heating requirements of different pyrolysis stages. This application can be used for the pyrolysis treatment and recycling of photovoltaic modules and other solid wastes containing organic components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solid waste pyrolysis treatment technology, and in particular to a split-type pyrolysis treatment device, method and photovoltaic module recycling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Pyrolysis is a method of thermal treatment of solid waste, or its application in biomass fuel heating. It typically involves heating the organic components of the waste or biomass under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions, causing the organic components to thermally decompose and form pyrolysis gas, liquid products, and solid residues. The pyrolysis gas produced during the process usually contains combustible components such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons, thus, in addition to requiring further treatment, it can also be utilized as a heat source.

[0003] For pyrolysis treatment in solid waste or biomass fuel heating, existing technologies have developed a combined pyrolysis and subsequent combustion process. One approach involves separating the pyrolysis furnace and the incinerator. The waste or biomass is first pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace, and the resulting pyrolysis gas is sent to the independently located incinerator via a gas pipeline. Air is introduced into the incinerator for further combustion to treat the combustible components in the pyrolysis gas. Regarding the heating method for the pyrolysis unit, electric heating, external fuel combustion to generate high-temperature flue gas, or the use of pyrolysis gas combustion to generate heat can be employed.

[0004] For separate pyrolysis treatment units with pyrolysis furnaces and incinerators, the pyrolysis reaction itself requires a continuous input of heat. For materials such as photovoltaic modules with large glass areas or large heat capacities, if heating is mainly achieved through electric heating, indirect heat transfer from the furnace wall, or other external heat sources, the heat needs to pass through the furnace body or gaseous medium before being transferred to the materials. The heating rate and temperature uniformity at different locations during the pyrolysis process are affected by the heat transfer path. If air is directly introduced into the pyrolysis furnace to utilize the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas and some of it is burned, the relationship between the oxygen required for combustion and the oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment required for pyrolysis must be considered. For pyrolysis treatment, if the combustion air forms a large local flow velocity or the gas supply is unevenly distributed within the pyrolysis chamber, it may also alter the oxygen concentration and airflow state around the materials.

[0005] How to control the manner and flow rate of the combustion-supporting fuel entering the pyrolysis chamber to ensure that the heat generated by combustion can be effectively transferred to the material to be treated, while minimizing the disturbance of the combustion-supporting fuel to the pyrolysis atmosphere and solid materials, is a problem that needs further consideration. In addition, directly introducing a large amount of air into the pyrolysis furnace will increase the total amount of gas sent from the pyrolysis furnace to the incinerator and dilute the pyrolysis gas, thereby affecting the concentration of combustible components in the gas entering the incinerator and the amount of auxiliary fuel required for subsequent combustion.

[0006] Therefore, for pyrolysis treatment devices with separate pyrolysis furnaces and incinerators, it is necessary to further optimize the heating and gas organization methods inside the pyrolysis furnace. This will ensure that the heat required for the pyrolysis of the material to be treated is met, while minimizing the disturbance of the pyrolysis atmosphere and solid materials by the combustion-supporting gas. It will also take into account the energy utilization of the combustible components in the pyrolysis gas and subsequent incineration treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a split-type pyrolysis treatment device, method and photovoltaic module recycling equipment, which can utilize part of the pyrolysis gas for filtration and combustion in the pyrolysis furnace and provide radiant heat to the material to be treated, thereby reducing dependence on external heat sources and reducing the disturbance of the pyrolysis atmosphere and solid materials by the combustion-supporting gas, so as to take into account the energy utilization of the combustible components in the pyrolysis gas and subsequent incineration treatment.

[0008] A first aspect of this application provides a split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus, comprising a pyrolysis furnace, an incinerator, a gas conveying pipeline, and a porous media structure, including: The pyrolysis furnace has a pyrolysis chamber inside, which is used to pyrolyze the material to be processed and generate pyrolysis gas. The porous media structure is disposed in the pyrolysis chamber and includes a porous media tube. The porous media tube can release combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas, so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtration and combustion on the outer surface of the porous media tube. The heat generated by the filtration and combustion is at least partially transferred to the object to be treated in a radiative manner, providing heat for the pyrolysis of the object to be treated. The incinerator and the pyrolysis furnace are separately configured, and a combustion chamber is formed inside the incinerator; The gas delivery pipeline connects the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and is used to deliver the flue gas generated by the filtered combustion and the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber to the incineration chamber, so that the flue gas and the unburned pyrolysis gas can be further burned in the incineration chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, the number of porous media tubes is multiple.

[0010] In some embodiments, a gas supply mechanism is also included, which includes a gas-supporting supply branch and a combustible gas supply branch, both of which are connected to the porous medium pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas-supporting supply branch and the combustible gas supply branch are respectively equipped with flow regulating components to adjust the amount of gas-supporting gas and combustible gas supplied to the porous medium pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, when the pyrolysis reaction of the substance to be treated is stable and produces pyrolysis gas that meets the requirements for filtration and combustion, the supply of combustible gas to the porous medium pipe through the combustible gas supply branch is stopped, and only the auxiliary gas supply branch is used to supply auxiliary gas to the porous medium pipe, with the pyrolysis gas serving as the fuel for filtration and combustion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the apparent velocity of the flow of combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas released from the porous media tube into the pyrolysis chamber is 0.03 m / s to 0.3 m / s on the outer surface of the porous media tube.

[0014] In some embodiments, a conveying mechanism is also included for conveying the material to be processed through the pyrolysis chamber along the conveying direction. A plurality of porous media tubes are disposed above the material to be processed, the gap between two adjacent porous media tubes is 3mm-100mm, and the vertical distance between the porous media tubes and the material to be processed is 100mm-800mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the gap between two adjacent porous media tubes is 5mm-20mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the porous media tube and the object to be treated is 100-600mm, and even further, the vertical distance between the porous media tube and the object to be treated is 100-500mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the vertical distance between the porous media tube and the object to be processed gradually increases along the transport direction of the object to be processed.

[0018] In some embodiments, the plurality of porous media pipes are divided into at least two gas supply zones along the conveying direction of the material to be processed, and each gas supply zone is connected to a corresponding gas supply branch to adjust the combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas supplied by the porous media pipe in each gas supply zone.

[0019] Furthermore, along the conveying direction of the material to be processed, the combustible gas supply in the upstream gas supply area is greater than the combustible gas supply in the downstream gas supply area.

[0020] In some embodiments, the porous medium tube includes an inner tube and a porous medium outer tube sleeved outside the inner tube. The inner tube is provided with a plurality of gas supply holes, and the porous medium outer tube has a plurality of flow-limiting micropores for gas to pass through. The combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas introduced into the inner tube enters the porous medium outer tube through the gas supply through hole, and is released to the outside of the porous medium tube through the flow-limiting microhole.

[0021] In some embodiments, the density of the air supply holes on the side of the inner tube facing the object to be treated is greater than the density of the air supply holes on the side away from the object to be treated, and / or, the diameter of the air supply holes on the side of the inner tube facing the object to be treated is greater than the diameter of the air supply holes on the side away from the object to be treated.

[0022] Furthermore, the diameter of the air supply orifice is 5-10 mm, the porosity of the porous medium outer tube is 50-90%, and the diameter of the flow-limiting micro-orifice is 0.1-2 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, both ends of the inner tube serve as air inlets to supply air to the inner tube.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner tube is a metal porous tube or a metal mesh, and the porous media outer tube includes at least one of the following: ceramic fiber porous media tube, foam ceramic porous media tube, metal braided porous media tube, or metal fiber sintered felt porous media tube.

[0025] In some embodiments, a flue gas return pipeline is also included, one end of which is connected to the incinerator and the other end is connected to the gas supply passage of the pyrolysis chamber and / or the porous media pipe, so as to return a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator to the pyrolysis chamber and / or mix it into the gas supplied to the porous media pipe.

[0026] A second aspect of this application provides a split-type pyrolysis treatment method, comprising the following steps: S1, the material to be processed is sent into the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace, and the material to be processed is pyrolyzed under oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions to generate pyrolysis gas; S2, supplying combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas to a plurality of porous media tubes disposed in the pyrolysis chamber, so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtered combustion on the outer surface of the porous media tubes, and at least a portion of the heat generated by the filtered combustion is transferred to the object to be treated in a radiative manner, thereby providing heat for the pyrolysis of the object to be treated; S3, the flue gas generated by the filtered combustion and the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber are transported to the incinerator, which is separately set from the pyrolysis furnace, through a gas conveying pipeline; S4, to further burn the flue gas and unburned pyrolysis gas entering the incinerator within the incinerator.

[0027] In some embodiments, during the initial stage of pyrolysis of the material to be treated, a combustible gas or a mixture of combustible gas and oxidizing gas is supplied to the porous media tube; as the amount of pyrolysis gas produced by the material to be treated increases, the supply of combustible gas to the porous media tube is gradually reduced; when the pyrolysis gas is sufficient to sustain the filtration combustion, the supply of combustible gas is stopped and only oxidizing gas is supplied to the porous media tube, so that the pyrolysis gas serves as fuel for the filtration combustion.

[0028] In some embodiments, along the transport direction of the material to be processed in the pyrolysis chamber, the plurality of porous media tubes are divided into at least two gas supply zones, and the supply of auxiliary gas and / or combustible gas in each gas supply zone is controlled respectively.

[0029] Furthermore, the gas supply area located upstream of the conveying direction supplies combustible gas or a mixture of combustible gas and oxidizing gas. As the material to be processed moves along the conveying direction and the amount of pyrolysis gas generated increases, the amount of combustible gas supplied in the downstream gas supply area is gradually reduced, so that at least the gas supply area located downstream of the conveying direction supplies only oxidizing gas.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: recirculating a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator back to the pyrolysis chamber and / or mixing it into the porous medium tube, thereby regulating the gas in the pyrolysis chamber or the porous medium tube by means of the recirculated flue gas.

[0031] In a third aspect of this application, the aforementioned split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus and method are used to remove organic components such as thermosetting resins or cross-linked polymers such as EVA and PVB by chemical methods. They are suitable for removing organic components from industrial solid waste such as photovoltaic module recycling, municipal solid waste treatment, and electronic waste treatment. They are particularly suitable for the pyrolysis of large-volume solid wastes, such as photovoltaic module recycling, large electronic products, and wind turbine blade pyrolysis.

[0032] In some embodiments, a photovoltaic module recycling device includes the aforementioned integrated pyrolysis treatment apparatus.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: In the first aspect, this application provides a porous media structure in the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace, so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is filtered and burned on the outer surface of the porous media tube. The heat released by the filtration and combustion is directly transferred to the object to be treated by radiation through the porous media tube in at least a portion, thereby converting part of the chemical energy carried by the pyrolysis gas into the heat required for the pyrolysis process in the pyrolysis furnace, reducing the dependence of the pyrolysis process on external heat sources.

[0034] Secondly, this application utilizes the porous structure of the porous media tube to disperse and restrict the flow of the combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas supplied into the pyrolysis chamber, allowing the gas to be released outward from the porous media tube at a lower flow rate, and forming a filtered combustion zone on the surface of the porous media tube. This helps to reduce the local airflow disturbance caused by directly introducing gas into the pyrolysis chamber, reduces the possibility of the combustion-supporting gas diffusing into the area where the object to be treated is located, and reduces the possibility of the airflow carrying dust. This helps to maintain an oxygen-free or low-oxygen pyrolysis atmosphere in the area where the object to be treated is located, helps to maintain the concentration of combustible components in the mixed gas entering the incinerator, and reduces the amount of external fuel required for the incinerator to maintain combustion.

[0035] Thirdly, this application sets up multiple porous media tubes above the material to be treated, forming a distributed filtration combustion and radiant heating zone. By controlling the gap between adjacent porous media tubes and the distance between the porous media tubes and the material to be treated, the radiant heat generated by filtration combustion can act on the material to be treated. Furthermore, the distance between the porous media tubes and the material to be treated is gradually increased along the conveying direction of the material to be treated, and the multiple porous media tubes are divided into multiple gas supply zones with adjustable gas supply. This allows the material to be treated near the feed end, which has a greater heating requirement, to obtain a higher heating intensity. As the temperature of the material to be treated increases and the pyrolysis gas production increases, the external combustible gas supply and radiant heating intensity are gradually reduced. This adapts the heat supply to the pyrolysis requirements of the material to be treated at different stages along the conveying direction and reduces the possibility of overheating in the later stages of the material to be treated.

[0036] Fourthly, in the implementation of the flue gas recirculation pipeline, a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator is recirculated to the pyrolysis chamber. The atmosphere in the pyrolysis chamber can be adjusted using low-oxygen flue gas, mainly through high-temperature heating. Incorporating a portion of the flue gas into the porous media pipe can also adjust the oxygen concentration and combustion temperature entering the filtration and combustion zone, thereby facilitating the control of pyrolysis atmosphere, heat utilization, and pollutant emission control during the combustion process. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a porous media tube according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pyrolysis furnace; 11. Pyrolysis chamber; 2. Incinerator; 21. Incineration chamber; 3. Gas delivery pipeline; 4. Porous medium structure; 41. Porous medium pipe; 411. Inner pipe; 412. Gas supply port; 413. Porous medium outer pipe; 414. Flow-limiting micropore; 5. Transmission mechanism; 51. Conveyor belt; 6. Flue gas return pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0041] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] The first aspect of this application, as Figure 1-3As shown, a split-type pyrolysis treatment device is provided, including a pyrolysis furnace 1, an incinerator 2, a gas conveying pipeline 3, and a porous media structure 4. The pyrolysis furnace 1 has a pyrolysis chamber 11 inside, used to contain the material to be treated and to allow the organic components in the material to undergo a pyrolysis reaction under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions, generating pyrolysis gas. The incinerator 2 has an incineration chamber 21 inside and is separately arranged from the pyrolysis furnace 1. The gas conveying pipeline 3 connects the pyrolysis chamber 11 and the incineration chamber 21, allowing the gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber 11 to enter the incineration chamber 21 for subsequent combustion treatment via the gas conveying pipeline 3. The term "separate setup" as used in this article refers to the fact that the pyrolysis chamber 11 and the incineration chamber 21 are formed in separate furnace spaces, and the two are connected by a gas transmission pipeline 3, rather than allowing the gas generated by pyrolysis to directly enter the incineration zone located in the same furnace. The specific relative positions of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the incineration furnace 2 are not limited. They can be arranged vertically, horizontally at intervals, or set in different positions according to the production site, as long as the gas in the pyrolysis chamber 11 can be transported to the incineration chamber 21 through the gas transmission pipeline 3.

[0043] Pyrolysis refers to the thermal decomposition of organic components in a material being treated by providing heat, in a low-oxygen environment where there is no oxygen or the oxygen content is insufficient for complete combustion. In this application, "oxygen-free or low-oxygen" mainly refers to the pyrolysis zone where the material is located, and does not require that all locations within the pyrolysis chamber 11 be free of oxygen. Since this application requires the introduction of combustion-supporting gas near the porous media pipe 41 to form filtered combustion, a localized oxygen-containing combustion zone can be formed near the outer surface of the porous media pipe 41, while the area where the material is located maintains an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere suitable for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis gas produced can include combustible gaseous components such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons, and may also contain other volatile components formed during the pyrolysis process. Its specific composition varies depending on the type of material being treated, the pyrolysis temperature, and the stage of pyrolysis. This application does not limit the pyrolysis gas to a specific composition, as long as it contains combustible components capable of reacting with the combustion-supporting gas.

[0044] In some embodiments, the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be a continuous conveying pyrolysis furnace, such as a tunnel pyrolysis furnace; it can also be a batch or sealed pyrolysis furnace. When using a continuous conveying pyrolysis furnace, the material to be processed can be continuously fed into and out of the pyrolysis chamber 11 via a conveying mechanism 5. The conveying mechanism 5 can include a conveyor belt 51, at least a portion of which passes through the pyrolysis chamber 11, allowing the material to be processed to sequentially pass through heating, pyrolysis, and the post-pyrolysis stage along a predetermined conveying direction. When using a batch or sealed pyrolysis furnace, a batch of material to be processed can be placed in the pyrolysis chamber 11 to complete a predetermined pyrolysis process before being discharged. In the embodiment of the BenShen photovoltaic module tunnel furnace, the pyrolysis temperature inside the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be controlled between 450℃ and 600℃, but the actual pyrolysis temperature can be selected based on the thermal decomposition characteristics of the organic components in the material to be processed, the processing time, and the required degree of pyrolysis.

[0045] A porous media structure 4 is disposed within the pyrolysis chamber 11 and includes at least one porous media tube 41. The porous media tube 41 is capable of releasing combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas to the outside, causing at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas to undergo filtered combustion near the outer surface of the porous media tube 41. "Filtered combustion," as used herein, can be understood as a combustion mode in which at least one of the fuel and oxidant participating in the combustion reaction is transported to the reaction zone through the pores of the porous media, and a combustion reaction is formed inside, on, or in a region adjacent to the surface of the porous media. The porous media can disperse the gas during the gas supply process, and the heat released during combustion can be conducted through the porous media solid framework, heating the porous media itself and forming a radiant heat source. Therefore, the porous media tube 41 in this application simultaneously serves the functions of gas distribution, filtered combustion support, and radiative heat transfer.

[0046] One main operating mode of this application is as follows: Combustion-supporting gas is supplied inside the porous media pipe 41. Pyrolysis gas located outside the porous media pipe 41 within the pyrolysis chamber 11 serves as fuel. The combustion-supporting gas seeps outward from inside the porous media pipe 41 through the porous medium and comes into contact with the pyrolysis gas near the outer surface of the porous media pipe 41, causing partial filtration and combustion of the pyrolysis gas. Since the fuel and combustion-supporting gas are not completely premixed before reaching the surface of the porous media pipe 41, this combustion method exhibits diffusion combustion characteristics and can be termed reverse surface adhesion combustion. Unlike premixed combustion, where fuel and air are premixed and transported together from inside the porous medium, after the pyrolysis reaction stabilizes, this application can primarily rely on external pyrolysis gas for fuel, while the porous media pipe 41 mainly serves to supply combustion-supporting gas to the filtration and combustion zone.

[0047] In another alternative embodiment, combustible gas can be supplied to the interior of the porous media pipe 41, while air or other assisted combustion gases can be supplied from other gas supply locations within the pyrolysis chamber 11. This allows the combustible gas to seep out of the porous media pipe 41 and then meet and burn with external assisted combustion gases on its outer surface. Alternatively, both combustible gas and assisted combustion gases can be supplied to the porous media pipe 41 simultaneously. Therefore, "the porous media pipe 41 can release assisted combustion gases and / or combustible gas" includes not only the mode in which assisted combustion gases are primarily released inside the pipe and pyrolysis gas is used as fuel outside the pipe, but also the mode in which combustible gas is released inside the pipe and assisted combustion gases are separately supplied by the pyrolysis chamber 11, and the mode in which both combustible gas and assisted combustion gases are released through the porous media pipe 41. For embodiments that utilize the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas itself to provide heat for the pyrolysis process, it is preferable to use a mode in which assisted combustion gases are supplied through the porous media pipe 41 and pyrolysis gas is supplied as fuel from outside the porous media pipe 41.

[0048] The heat generated by filtration combustion is at least partially transferred to the material to be treated via radiation, providing heat for the pyrolysis of the material. Specifically, after the pyrolysis gas burns near the surface of the porous media tube 41, it can heat the porous media outer tube 413 to a higher temperature, thereby forming a solid radiative heat source facing the material to be treated. In addition to radiative transfer, heat can also be transferred through gas convection within the furnace, etc. This application does not require that all the heat generated by filtration combustion be transferred via radiation. By arranging the filtration combustion area close to the material to be treated, the heat transfer path from filtration combustion to the material to be treated can be shortened, allowing some of the chemical energy carried by the pyrolysis gas to be directly converted into the heat required for the pyrolysis process inside the pyrolysis furnace 1. For photovoltaic modules with large glass areas and large overall heat capacity, this radiative heating method can supplement external heating equipment such as electric heating devices. After the pyrolysis gas production can maintain the corresponding filtration combustion, the heat supply of external heating equipment can also be reduced. Before sufficient pyrolysis gas is generated during the pyrolysis start-up stage, electric heating rods, electric heating plates, or other auxiliary heating equipment can be installed in the pyrolysis chamber 11 for preheating. The output of the auxiliary heating equipment can be reduced after the pyrolysis gas production increases.

[0049] The phrase "at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtered combustion" as used herein does not require a predetermined fixed ratio between the filtered and unfiltered portions of the pyrolysis gas. The amount of pyrolysis gas undergoing filtered combustion can be adjusted according to the amount of combustion-supporting fuel supplied to the porous media pipe 41, the pyrolysis gas generation rate, and the heat load required for the pyrolysis process. While meeting the heating requirements of the pyrolysis process, the amount of combustion-supporting fuel supplied to the pyrolysis chamber 11 can be controlled so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtered combustion on the surface of the porous media pipe 41, while the remaining pyrolysis gas remains unburned or still contains incompletely oxidized combustible components. The term "unburned pyrolysis gas" as used herein includes both pyrolysis gas that did not participate in filtered combustion and pyrolysis gas that has undergone partial oxidation but still contains components that can be further combusted.

[0050] The flue gas produced by filtration and combustion, along with the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber 11, forms a mixed gas within the pyrolysis chamber 11 and is then transported to the incinerator 2 via the gas delivery pipeline 3. The gas delivery pipeline 3 can be connected to the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber 11 or other locations that facilitate the collection of pyrolysis gas and filtered flue gas, and also to the air inlet of the incinerator 21. The gas delivery pipeline 3 can be a single pipeline or a pipeline structure comprising multiple branch pipes converging into the main pipe and then connecting to the incinerator 2. By ensuring that only a portion of the pyrolysis gas is used for internal heating of the pyrolysis furnace 1 before entering the incinerator 2, the unburned combustible components can be retained for further processing in the incinerator 2 while utilizing the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas itself. Compared to the method of introducing more air into the pyrolysis chamber 11 to cause a large amount of pyrolysis gas to burn within the pyrolysis furnace 1, this application can control the supply of auxiliary combustion gas according to the pyrolysis heating needs, reducing the degree of dilution of the pyrolysis gas by additional air and the total amount of gas delivered to the incinerator 2.

[0051] The incinerator 2 is used to further burn the residual combustible components and unburned pyrolysis gas in the flue gas supplied by the gas delivery pipeline 3. A combustion air supply structure can be installed inside the incineration chamber 21, and an external combustible gas supply structure can also be installed as needed to supplement fuels such as natural gas when the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas entering the incineration chamber 21 is insufficient to maintain the predetermined combustion conditions. In the split-type photovoltaic module pyrolysis process, the combustion temperature inside the incineration chamber 21 can be controlled above 850℃. For implementations that require a sufficient high-temperature residence time for the gaseous combustible components, the flue gas residence time can be determined by the volume, height, and gas flow rate of the incineration chamber 21, for example, ensuring that the flue gas remains in the high-temperature region above 850℃ for no less than 2 seconds. This combustion temperature and residence time can be adjusted according to the specific treatment object and corresponding pollution control requirements; it is not necessary for all treatment objects to use the same parameters.

[0052] In some embodiments, the incinerator 2 can be a burnout incinerator with a secondary air supply structure. For an incinerator 2 with a vertical burnout space, the effective height for forming the high-temperature combustion zone can be 500mm-2000mm. The secondary air nozzle can be located at the lower part of the combustion chamber 21, and the nozzle direction can be obliquely upward, horizontal, or tangential to the combustion chamber 21. The jet velocity can be 10m / s-60m / s, so that the gas supplied by the gas delivery pipeline 3 mixes with the secondary air. This part of the structure can be selected according to the specific furnace type of the independent incinerator 2, and it is not required that all split-type pyrolysis treatment devices adopt the same incinerator form.

[0053] In some embodiments, multiple porous media tubes 41 are used, and these multiple porous media tubes 41 together form a porous media structure 4. The multiple porous media tubes 41 can be spaced apart along the width direction of the pyrolysis furnace 1, or spaced apart along the direction of conveying the material to be processed, or they can be arranged in an array or staggered along both the width and conveying directions. The porous media structure 4 can be horizontally arranged as a whole, or it can be inclined relative to the horizontal direction, for example, at an angle less than 45°. For continuous conveying pyrolysis furnaces, the porous media structure 4 can at least cover the pyrolysis area that actually produces a large amount of pyrolysis gas; for the feed and discharge ends where the pyrolysis gas production is low or no pyrolysis gas is produced, the gas flow can be restricted to form a short-circuit flow from locations where no porous media tubes 41 are installed through the furnace body structure, baffles, or other closed structures. For small and medium-sized or sealed pyrolysis furnaces, the porous media structure 4 can also cover the main part of the pyrolysis area where the material to be processed is located.

[0054] Multiple porous media tubes 41 are disposed above the material to be treated. The gap between two adjacent porous media tubes 41 can be 3mm-100mm, and in a preferred embodiment, the gap is 5mm-20mm. The multiple porous media tubes 41 are spaced apart to retain airflow channels for the upward flow of pyrolysis gas and the collection of filtered and combusted gas. Furthermore, maintaining a close distance between adjacent porous media tubes 41 allows the porous media tubes 41 that have already formed a filtered and combusted state to enter a combustion state through thermal radiation and the propagation of nearby flames, thereby forming a filtered combustion and radiant heating zone distributed above the material to be treated. In other embodiments where the array size is characterized by the center-to-center distance d, the center-to-center distance d between adjacent porous media tubes 41 can be 30mm-100mm. The specific gap or center-to-center distance d can be determined based on the outer diameter of the porous media tubes 41, the width of the pyrolysis furnace, and the required radiant heat flow distribution.

[0055] In the vertical direction, the distance h between the porous media tube 41 and the object to be treated can be 100mm-800mm. This distance h is one of the radiative heat transfer distances between the porous media tube 41 and the object to be treated. A smaller distance is beneficial for providing a larger radiative heat input to the object to be treated, while an increased distance can reduce the radiative heat intensity received per unit area of ​​the object to be treated. In a preferred embodiment, the vertical distance between the porous media tube and the object to be treated is 100-600mm, and more preferably within the range of 100mm-500mm. In a continuous conveying pyrolysis furnace, the distance between the porous media tube 41 and the object to be treated can remain substantially the same along the conveying direction, or it can gradually increase along the conveying direction. When using a gradually increasing distance method, the material to be processed is still in the heating stage when it first enters the pyrolysis chamber 11. This allows for a smaller distance between the upstream porous media pipe 41 and the material to provide a larger heating load. As the material continues to be transported downstream and reaches the pyrolysis temperature, the distance h between the porous media pipe 41 and the material can be gradually increased to reduce the radiative heat input in subsequent regions and decrease the possibility of local overheating of the material. The distance gradient can be continuously varied or can be achieved by setting the porous media pipes 41 in different regions at different heights to form a stepped gradient.

[0056] In some embodiments, multiple porous media pipes 41 are divided into at least two gas supply zones along the conveying direction of the material to be processed. Each gas supply zone includes one or more porous media pipes 41, and each gas supply zone is connected to a corresponding gas supply branch, thereby allowing for separate control of the supply status of auxiliary combustion gas and / or combustible gas in different gas supply zones. The gas supply zones can be divided into two, three, or more zones depending on the length of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the pyrolysis stage of the material to be processed. For example, an upstream gas supply zone near the feed end, a middle gas supply zone, and a downstream gas supply zone near the discharge end can be formed. Each gas supply branch can be equipped with a flow regulator, which can be used to change the gas supply amount of the corresponding gas supply zone, so that the external combustible gas amount and / or auxiliary combustion gas amount of different gas supply zones can be adjusted independently or according to a predetermined relationship.

[0057] During continuous pyrolysis, when the material to be treated in the upstream region first enters the pyrolysis chamber 11, the amount of pyrolysis gas produced is relatively small. External combustible gas or a combination of external combustible gas and auxiliary combustion gas can be supplied to the upstream porous media pipe 41, enabling filtration combustion in this region and providing heat to raise the temperature of the material to be treated. As the material moves to the middle region, the amount of pyrolysis gas produced increases with the pyrolysis reaction, allowing for a corresponding reduction in the amount of external combustible gas supplied to the middle gas supply region. Further downstream, when the pyrolysis gas produced can serve as the primary fuel for filtration combustion, the downstream gas supply region can be supplied only with auxiliary combustion gas such as air, with the pyrolysis gas acting as fuel to maintain filtration combustion. Therefore, along the material transport direction, the amount of external combustible gas supplied to the upstream gas supply region can be greater than that supplied to the downstream gas supply region. This gas supply gradient can be implemented independently of the aforementioned distance gradient between the porous media pipe 41 and the material to be treated, or in combination, to adjust the heat supply at different pyrolysis stages from both the perspective of combustion heat source input and radiative heat transfer distance.

[0058] In some embodiments, the split-type pyrolysis treatment device further includes a gas supply mechanism, which includes a fuel gas supply branch and a combustible gas supply branch, both of which are connected to the porous medium pipe 41. The fuel gas can be primarily air, or other oxygen-containing gases that can provide oxidants for combustion can be used depending on the combustion conditions; the combustible gas can be natural gas, or liquefied petroleum gas, coal gas, biogas, or other external fuels suitable for gas combustion. The fuel gas supply branch and the combustible gas supply branch can each be equipped with flow regulators to independently adjust the supply of fuel gas and combustible gas. The flow regulators can be regulating valves capable of changing the gas flow cross-section or other gas flow regulation structures capable of controlling the corresponding gas supply. This application does not limit the two branches to always being open simultaneously; the operating state of the corresponding branches can be changed according to the start-up phase, the stable pyrolysis phase, and the shutdown phase.

[0059] In the initial stage of pyrolysis, the material to be treated and / or the pyrolysis chamber 11 can be preheated using auxiliary heating equipment, while combustible gas and oxidizing gas are supplied to the porous media pipe 41 to form surface combustion for startup. In one embodiment shown in the disclosure, natural gas and air can be used as startup fuel and oxidizing gas. As the temperature of the material to be treated rises and pyrolysis gas begins to be generated, the supply of externally added combustible gas such as natural gas can be gradually reduced; when the pyrolysis reaction is stable and the pyrolysis gas production can meet the requirements of the filtration combustion fuel, the combustible gas supply branch can be closed, and air can be supplied to the porous media pipe 41 only through the oxidizing gas supply branch, so that the pyrolysis gas outside the pipe can be used as the filtration combustion fuel. Thus, the heat in the stable pyrolysis stage can at least partially come from the pyrolysis gas generated by the material to be treated itself, reducing the need for continuous supply of external fuel during the stable operation stage.

[0060] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas released from the porous media tube 41 into the pyrolysis chamber 11 can be 0.03 m / s to 0.3 m / s on the outer surface of the porous media tube 41. The term "apparent velocity" or "empty tower velocity" as used herein can be understood as the macroscopic gas velocity determined based on the total volumetric flow rate released outward through the porous media tube 41 and the corresponding apparent release area, and is not equivalent to the local actual flow velocity inside a single micropore. By converting centralized gas supply to distributed gas supply through the numerous pores of the porous media outer tube 413, the combustion-supporting gas can enter the pyrolysis chamber 11 at a lower macroscopic velocity over a larger surface area, reducing the formation of high-speed free jets that directly impact the material to be treated. For materials containing fine solid residues or dust, this low-speed distributed gas supply method also helps to reduce the disturbance of the airflow to the solid material and the possibility of dust being lifted by the airflow.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the porous media tube 41 includes an inner tube 411 and a porous media outer tube 413 sleeved outside the inner tube 411. The inner tube 411 is provided with multiple gas supply holes 412, and the porous media outer tube 413 has multiple flow-limiting micropores 414 for gas passage. Combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas first enter the interior of the inner tube 411, and then diffuse outward through the gas supply holes 412 into the pore space between the inner tube 411 and the porous media outer tube 413, or inside the porous media outer tube 413. Subsequently, it is dispersed and released outside the porous media tube 41 through the multiple flow-limiting micropores 414. The inner tube 411 mainly serves to form an internal gas channel extending along the length of the porous media tube 41 and to provide structural support for the porous media outer tube 413. The porous media outer tube 413 is used to further disperse the gas and form a surface for filtration, combustion, and radiative heat transfer.

[0062] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the porous media tube 41 can be 18mm-80mm, and the wall thickness can be 1mm-10mm. The diameter of the gas supply through-hole 412 can be 5mm-10mm, the porosity of the porous media outer tube 413 can be 50%-90%, and the pore size of the flow-limiting micro-pore 414 can be 0.1mm-2mm. The above dimensions and porosity parameters correspond to one feasible range of the porous media tube structure shown in the disclosure; when using inner tubes 411 with different structures or different types of porous media materials, the corresponding pore size and porosity can also be adjusted according to the required gas pressure loss, gas supply uniformity, and target apparent velocity of the outer surface of the porous media tube 41. It is not required that porous media tubes of different materials all adopt the same micropore structure.

[0063] The inner tube 411 can be made of a porous metal tube or a metal mesh tube. The porous media outer tube 413 can be made of at least one of ceramic fiber porous media tubes, foam ceramic porous media tubes, metal braided porous media tubes, or metal fiber sintered felt porous media tubes, or other porous materials that can withstand the corresponding filtration and combustion temperatures and have gas permeability. When a composite structure of inner tube 411 and porous media outer tube 413 is used, the inner tube 411 provides mechanical support and primary gas distribution, while the porous media outer tube 413 forms a refined gas release path. Therefore, the inner and outer layer materials can be selected according to mechanical strength, temperature resistance, thermal radiation performance, and processing conditions.

[0064] The air supply through-hole 412 is not limited to a round hole; it can also be an elongated hole, an elongated slit, or a gas channel formed by the mesh itself of the metal mesh. When laser processing is used for the inner tube 411, an elongated slit extending along the length of the inner tube 411 can be directly formed by laser cutting to reduce processing interruptions caused by drilling holes one by one. As a processing example provided in the specification, the elongated slit can have a length of approximately 100 mm and a width of 0.2 ± 0.1 mm; this dimension is only used to illustrate that the elongated slit form can be realized and does not limit the air supply through-hole 412 to this dimension. When a metal mesh tube is used as the inner tube 411, the mesh itself can be used for primary air distribution, and an air inlet pipe can be connected to its end, thereby reducing the process of machining each air supply through-hole 412 on the tube wall.

[0065] In some embodiments, the density of the air supply holes 412 on the side of the inner tube 411 facing the object to be treated can be greater than the density of the air supply holes 412 on the side away from the object to be treated, and / or, the aperture of the air supply holes 412 on the side facing the object to be treated can be greater than the aperture of the air supply holes 412 on the side away from the object to be treated. This allows for a greater distribution of gas from the side of the inner tube 411 facing the object to the porous media outer tube 413, giving the porous media tube 41 a larger local gas supply capacity on the side facing the object to be treated. This ensures that the heat load of the filtration combustion is more distributed on the side facing the object to be treated, matching the demand for radiant heat to the object below. This differentiated gas distribution can be achieved by changing the number of air supply holes 412, by changing the size of the air supply holes 412, or by changing both the number and size of the holes simultaneously.

[0066] For shorter porous media pipes 41, only one end of the inner pipe 411 can be used as the air inlet; for longer porous media pipes 41, both ends of the inner pipe 411 can be used as air inlets. Using two-end air inlets, the gas enters from both ends of the inner pipe 411, which shortens the flow distance of the gas from the inlet to the middle of the pipe body, reducing the possibility of uneven gas supply along the length due to the longer pipe. The two ends can be connected to the same main gas supply pipe, or they can be connected to corresponding gas supply branches, as long as the required combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas can be supplied to the inner pipe 411.

[0067] In some embodiments, the temperature of filtration combustion can be no less than 700°C, for example, it can be in the range of 800°C-1000°C. This temperature mainly depends on factors such as the composition of the pyrolysis gas, the amount of combustion-supporting gas, the local equivalent relationship, the porous media material, and surface heat loss, and it is not required that the surfaces of all porous media tubes 41 always maintain the same temperature. By absorbing the heat of combustion and radiating it to the surroundings through the porous media solid skeleton, some of the chemical energy generated by filtration combustion can act on the material to be treated through solid surface radiation.

[0068] In some embodiments, the split-type pyrolysis treatment device further includes a flue gas return pipe 6. One end of the flue gas return pipe 6 is connected to the flue gas discharge side of the incinerator 2 or to the flue gas passage discharged from the incinerator 2, and the other end can be connected to the gas supply passage of the pyrolysis chamber 11 and / or the porous media pipe 41. When a portion of the incinerated flue gas is returned to the pyrolysis chamber 11, the lower oxygen content in the flue gas can be used as an atmosphere conditioning medium in the pyrolysis chamber 11, thereby reducing the need for other protective gases to maintain a low-oxygen environment; when a portion of the flue gas is mixed into the supply porous media pipe 41, the oxygen concentration and combustion temperature in the filtered combustion zone can be adjusted by diluting the combustion-supporting fuel. In another embodiment, a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator 2 can also be mixed into the combustion air of the incinerator 2 to form flue gas recirculation, thereby adjusting the combustion temperature and oxygen concentration during the incineration process.

[0069] In some embodiments, an air preheater or other flue gas waste heat recovery device can be installed to exchange heat between the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the incinerator 2 and the cold air to be fed into the system. The preheated air can be used as the combustion air for the incinerator 2, or, depending on the system piping arrangement, as the combustion aid for the porous medium pipe 41, thereby further utilizing the sensible heat carried by the incineration flue gas. The flue gas after waste heat recovery can continue to be transported to the subsequent flue gas treatment unit for cooling, adsorption, dust removal, or other flue gas purification treatment according to the substances to be treated and emission requirements. Air preheating and flue gas recirculation can be set up separately or simultaneously.

[0070] A second aspect of this application provides a split-type pyrolysis treatment method. The method includes: S1, feeding the material to be treated into the pyrolysis chamber 11 of a pyrolysis furnace 1, heating the material under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions and causing pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis gas; S2, supplying oxidizing gas and / or combustible gas to a porous media pipe 41 disposed within the pyrolysis chamber 11, causing at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas to undergo filtration and combustion on the outer surface of the porous media pipe 41, and transferring at least a portion of the heat generated by the filtration and combustion to the material to be treated via radiation; S3, transporting the flue gas generated by the filtration and combustion, as well as the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber 11, via a gas conveying pipeline 3 to an incinerator 2 that is separately disposed from the pyrolysis furnace 1; S4, further burning the remaining combustible components and unburned pyrolysis gas in the flue gas entering the incinerator 2 within the incineration chamber 21.

[0071] During the execution of steps S1 and S2, the pyrolysis reaction and filtration combustion are not required to be strictly separated in time. When the system starts up, auxiliary heating equipment and externally supplied combustible gas can be used to establish pyrolysis and filtration combustion conditions. After the material to be treated begins to generate pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis and filtration combustion can proceed continuously and simultaneously. As the amount of pyrolysis gas produced increases, the supply of externally supplied combustible gas can be gradually reduced. When the pyrolysis gas can sustain filtration combustion, the supply of externally supplied combustible gas to the porous media pipe 41 can be stopped, and only auxiliary combustion gas can be supplied, with the pyrolysis gas serving as fuel for filtration combustion. Therefore, step S2 can be a transition process from externally supplied fuel to self-supplied fuel from the pyrolysis gas, depending on the state of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0072] Furthermore, while performing the above steps S1 to S4, a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator can be recirculated back to the pyrolysis chamber and / or mixed into the porous medium tube. The gas in the pyrolysis chamber or porous medium tube can be regulated by the recirculated flue gas. Specifically, for example, the temperature of the gas can be increased by using the recirculated flue gas, and the oxygen concentration in the filtration combustion zone can be adjusted by diluting the combustion-supporting gas.

[0073] In the embodiment employing the continuous conveying mechanism 5, spatial zoning control can also be implemented based on the position of the material to be processed along the conveyor belt 51. The upstream gas supply zone near the feed end can supply combustible gas and auxiliary gas to provide the heat required for initial heating; the middle gas supply zone gradually reduces the supply of combustible gas as the pyrolysis gas production increases; the downstream gas supply zone can primarily or solely supply auxiliary gas. Simultaneously, the distance between the upstream porous media pipe 41 and the material to be processed can be smaller, and the distance between the downstream porous media pipe 41 and the material to be processed can be larger. Therefore, the gas supply composition, the amount of external fuel, and the radiation distance can be adjusted in combination according to the pyrolysis state of the material to be processed along the conveying direction, rather than being limited to only one adjustment method.

[0074] In a third aspect of this application, the aforementioned split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus and method can be used to remove organic components from materials to be treated. These materials can be photovoltaic modules, electronic products, industrial solid waste, municipal solid waste, wind turbine blades, or other solid materials containing pyrolytic organic materials. Specifically, in photovoltaic module recycling applications, the materials to be treated may include photovoltaic modules containing encapsulating films such as EVA and PVB, or other polymer organic components. Pyrolysis can be performed after removing components such as aluminum frames and junction boxes, or other pretreatments can be applied to the modules according to the recycling process requirements. The pyrolysis treatment causes the organic components, such as the encapsulating film, to thermally decompose, thereby providing conditions for the subsequent separation and recycling of inorganic components such as glass and solar cells.

[0075] In some embodiments, a photovoltaic module recycling device includes the aforementioned split-type pyrolysis treatment device. The photovoltaic module recycling device may also include a pre-pyrolysis dismantling device, a post-pyrolysis material separation device, and a flue gas treatment device, depending on the specific recycling process. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device of this application is mainly used to remove organic components from photovoltaic modules under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions, and utilizes a portion of the generated pyrolysis gas to provide heat for the pyrolysis process. The remaining unburned pyrolysis gas and the flue gas generated from filtration combustion are transported to an independent incinerator 2 for subsequent combustion treatment.

[0076] As described above, this application provides a split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus, method, and photovoltaic module recycling equipment. It utilizes a porous media structure within the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace, allowing the porous media tube to release combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas into the pyrolysis chamber. A portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtration and combustion on the outer surface of the porous media tube. The heated porous media tube forms a radiant heat source, directly feeding the combustion heat back to the material to be treated, thus maintaining or assisting in maintaining the pyrolysis process. The flue gas generated from the filtration and combustion, as well as the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber, are transported via gas pipelines to an incinerator separately from the pyrolysis furnace, where further combustion takes place. This achieves partial in-situ energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas and subsequent incineration of the remaining combustible components while maintaining the split-type pyrolysis and incineration process architecture.

[0077] The porous media pipe can employ a composite structure of an inner pipe and a porous media outer pipe. Distributed low-speed gas supply is achieved through gas supply orifices and flow-limiting micro-orifices. Furthermore, by setting multiple porous media pipes, adjusting the spacing between adjacent pipes and their distance from the material to be treated, dividing the gas supply area along the conveying direction, adjusting the supply of combustible and auxiliary combustion gases in different areas, and ensuring a larger gas supply capacity towards the material to be treated, the filtration combustion location, radiant heat input, and heat load at different pyrolysis stages can be regulated. During the start-up phase, external combustible and auxiliary combustion gases can be used to establish filtration combustion. As the pyrolysis gas production increases, the external combustible gas supply is gradually reduced. After pyrolysis stabilizes, the pyrolysis gas is used as the filtration combustion fuel. Further, the pyrolysis atmosphere, combustion conditions, and waste heat utilization can be adjusted through flue gas recirculation, air preheating, auxiliary heating, and secondary air supply to the incinerator. The above-mentioned apparatus and method can be used for the treatment of solid materials containing pyrolytic organic components, such as photovoltaic modules, electronic products, industrial solid waste, domestic waste and wind turbine blades. When used for photovoltaic module recycling, organic encapsulation materials such as EVA and PVB can be removed by pyrolysis, providing conditions for the subsequent separation and recycling of inorganic components such as glass and solar cells.

[0078] The above is only one specific implementation of this application, and any other improvements made based on the concept of this application shall be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A split-type pyrolysis treatment device, comprising a pyrolysis furnace, an incinerator, a gas conveying pipeline, and a porous media structure, characterized in that, The pyrolysis furnace has a pyrolysis chamber inside, which is used to pyrolyze the material to be processed and generate pyrolysis gas. The porous media structure is disposed in the pyrolysis chamber and includes a porous media tube. The porous media tube can release combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas, so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtration and combustion on the outer surface of the porous media tube. The heat generated by the filtration and combustion is at least partially transferred to the object to be treated in a radiative manner, providing heat for the pyrolysis of the object to be treated. The incinerator and the pyrolysis furnace are separately configured, and a combustion chamber is formed inside the incinerator; The gas delivery pipeline connects the pyrolysis chamber and the incineration chamber, and is used to deliver the flue gas generated by the filtered combustion and the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber to the incineration chamber, so that the flue gas and the unburned pyrolysis gas can be further burned in the incineration chamber.

2. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of porous media tubes is multiple.

3. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a gas supply mechanism, which includes a gas-supporting gas supply branch and a combustible gas supply branch, both of which are connected to the porous medium pipe. Preferably, the auxiliary gas supply branch and the combustible gas supply branch are respectively provided with flow regulating components to adjust the amount of auxiliary gas and combustible gas supplied to the porous medium pipe respectively. Preferably, when the pyrolysis reaction of the substance to be treated is stable and produces pyrolysis gas that meets the requirements for filtration and combustion, the supply of combustible gas to the porous media pipe through the combustible gas supply branch is stopped, and only the auxiliary gas supply branch is used to supply auxiliary gas to the porous media pipe, with the pyrolysis gas serving as the fuel for filtration and combustion.

4. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The apparent velocity of the flow of the combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas released from the porous media tube into the pyrolysis chamber is 0.03 m / s to 0.3 m / s on the outer surface of the porous media tube.

5. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a conveying mechanism for conveying the material to be processed through the pyrolysis chamber along the conveying direction. A plurality of porous media tubes are disposed above the material to be processed. The gap between two adjacent porous media tubes is 3-100mm, preferably 5mm-20mm. The vertical distance between the porous media tube and the material to be processed is 100mm-800mm, preferably 100-600mm, and more preferably 100mm-500mm.

6. The split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the conveying direction of the object to be processed, the vertical distance between the porous media tube and the object to be processed gradually increases.

7. The split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of porous media pipes are divided into at least two gas supply zones along the conveying direction of the object to be processed. Each gas supply zone is connected to a corresponding gas supply branch to adjust the combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas supplied by the porous media pipe in each gas supply zone. Preferably, along the conveying direction of the material to be processed, the combustible gas supply in the upstream gas supply area is greater than the combustible gas supply in the downstream gas supply area.

8. The split-type pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous medium tube includes an inner tube and a porous medium outer tube sleeved on the outside of the inner tube. The inner tube is provided with a plurality of gas supply holes, and the porous medium outer tube has a plurality of flow-limiting micro-holes for gas to pass through. The combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas introduced into the inner tube enters the porous medium outer tube through the gas supply through hole, and is released to the outside of the porous medium tube through the flow-limiting microhole.

9. The split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The density of the air supply holes on the side of the inner tube facing the object to be treated is greater than the density of the air supply holes on the side away from the object to be treated, and / or, the diameter of the air supply holes on the side of the inner tube facing the object to be treated is greater than the diameter of the air supply holes on the side away from the object to be treated. Preferably, the diameter of the air supply orifice is 5-10 mm, the porosity of the porous medium outer tube is 50-90%, and the pore size of the flow-limiting micro-orifice is 0.1-2 mm. Preferably, both ends of the inner tube serve as air inlets to supply air to the inner tube; Preferably, the inner tube is a metal porous tube or a metal mesh, and the porous media outer tube includes at least one of: ceramic fiber porous media tube, foam ceramic porous media tube, metal braided porous media tube, or metal fiber sintered felt porous media tube.

10. The split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flue gas return pipeline, one end of which is connected to the incinerator and the other end is connected to the gas supply passage of the pyrolysis chamber and / or the porous media pipe, so as to return part of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator to the pyrolysis chamber and / or mix it into the gas supplied to the porous media pipe.

11. A split-type pyrolysis treatment method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the material to be processed is sent into the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace and pyrolyzed under oxygen-free or low-oxygen conditions to generate pyrolysis gas; S2, supplying combustion-supporting gas and / or combustible gas to a plurality of porous media tubes disposed in the pyrolysis chamber, so that at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas undergoes filtered combustion on the outer surface of the porous media tubes, and at least a portion of the heat generated by the filtered combustion is transferred to the object to be treated in a radiative manner, thereby providing heat for the pyrolysis of the object to be treated; S3, the flue gas generated by the filtered combustion and the pyrolysis gas that has not been completely burned in the pyrolysis chamber are transported to the incinerator, which is separately located from the pyrolysis furnace, through a gas conveying pipeline; S4, to further burn the flue gas and unburned pyrolysis gas entering the incinerator within the incinerator.

12. The split-type pyrolysis treatment method according to claim 11, characterized in that, In the initial stage of the pyrolysis of the material to be treated, combustible gas or a mixture of combustible gas and oxidizing gas is supplied to the porous media tube; as the amount of pyrolysis gas produced by the material to be treated increases, the supply of combustible gas to the porous media tube is gradually reduced; when the pyrolysis gas is sufficient to sustain the filtration combustion, the supply of combustible gas is stopped and only oxidizing gas is supplied to the porous media tube, so that the pyrolysis gas serves as the fuel for the filtration combustion.

13. The split-type pyrolysis treatment method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Along the conveying direction of the material to be processed in the pyrolysis chamber, the plurality of porous media tubes are divided into at least two gas supply zones, and the supply of auxiliary gas and / or combustible gas in each gas supply zone is controlled respectively. Preferably, the gas supply area located upstream of the conveying direction supplies combustible gas or a mixture of combustible gas and oxidizing gas. As the material to be processed moves along the conveying direction and the amount of pyrolysis gas generated increases, the amount of combustible gas supplied in the downstream gas supply area is gradually reduced, so that at least the gas supply area located downstream of the conveying direction supplies only oxidizing gas.

14. The split-type pyrolysis treatment method according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: returning a portion of the flue gas discharged from the incinerator to the pyrolysis chamber and / or mixing it into the porous medium tube, thereby regulating the gas in the pyrolysis chamber or the porous medium tube through the returned flue gas.

15. A photovoltaic module recycling device, characterized in that, Includes the split-type pyrolysis treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-10.

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