Environment-friendly waste incineration heat energy utilization power generation device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an environment-friendly garbage incineration heat energy utilization power generation device and method, relates to the related technical field of garbage incineration, and comprises an incinerator. A feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the incinerator. An intermittent blocking piece is movably arranged on the side wall of the feeding pipe. A dredging rod is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe. Driving rods are movably connected to the two ends of the dredging rod. One end of the driving rod, which extends out of the dredging rod, is connected with the intermittent blocking piece. A preheating exhaust pipe is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the feeding pipe. High-temperature flue gas generated when garbage is continuously incinerated is discharged into a waste heat boiler through the preheating exhaust pipe to realize heat exchange. When the high-temperature flue gas continuously passes through the preheating exhaust pipe, the garbage in the feeding pipe is preheated through the preheating exhaust pipe, so that the temperature of the garbage is increased, and the garbage is scattered through the dredging rod, so that the possibility that the garbage is condensed together and affects the incineration speed of the garbage is reduced, and therefore, the incineration speed of the garbage is faster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste incineration technology, and in particular to an environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device and method. Background Technology

[0003] An existing patent (publication number: CN108826298A) discloses an environmentally friendly waste incineration device, including an incinerator. A waste inlet is located at the upper left corner of the incinerator, a waste feeding plate is located above the inlet, and an electric conveyor belt is located above the feeding plate. A steam-heating copper pipe is installed inside the incinerator, with its left end penetrating the left outer wall of the incinerator. A water tank is located on the left side of the incinerator. In implementing this solution, the following problems were found in the existing technology, which have not been adequately resolved: During use, the device directly transports waste to the feeding plate via the electric conveyor belt, and the waste then falls into the incinerator for incineration. However, the waste is at a low temperature when transported from the storage bin. When the waste falls into the incinerator, it needs to be heated to the combustion temperature before it can burn, resulting in a slow combustion speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issue mentioned above, the device directly transports waste to the feed plate via an electric conveyor belt, from which the waste falls into the incinerator for combustion. However, the waste is at a low temperature when it is transported out of the storage bin, and it needs to be heated to the combustion temperature before it can burn, resulting in a slow combustion speed.

[0005] This invention provides an environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device and method, which adopts the following technical solution: An environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device includes an incinerator. A feed pipe is fixedly inserted into the top of the incinerator. An intermittent sealing element is movably installed on the side wall of the feed pipe. A dredging rod is rotatably installed inside the feed pipe. Both ends of the dredging rod are movably inserted into the drive rod. One end of the drive rod extending out of the dredging rod is connected to the intermittent sealing element. A preheating exhaust pipe is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the feed pipe. The air inlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe is fixedly inserted into the incinerator and connected to the incinerator. A waste heat boiler is fixedly installed at the air outlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe and connected to the waste heat boiler.

[0006] The above technical solution first feeds the waste into the incinerator through the feed pipe for incineration, and then feeds the waste in a quantitative manner through intermittent sealing components to reduce the possibility of too much or too little waste in the incinerator. When the intermittent sealing components move, they drive the drive rod to move synchronously, thereby causing the unblocking rod to rotate, which in turn reduces the possibility of waste clogging in the feed pipe.

[0007] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, the intermittent sealing component includes an electric push rod and a sealing plate. The extended end of the electric push rod is fixedly provided with a connecting plate. The lower end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing plate. The sealing plate is movably inserted into the feed pipe.

[0008] The above technical solution allows the electric push rod to easily move the connecting plate and the sealing plate. When the sealing plate moves toward the outside of the feed pipe, it causes the feed pipe to open, thereby allowing the waste to enter the incinerator for incineration through the feed pipe.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, the inner wall of the unblocking rod is symmetrically provided with two spiral grooves, and the outer wall of the unblocking rod is fixedly provided with several crushing blades.

[0010] The above technical solution enables the shredder blades to rotate when the unblocking rod rotates, which facilitates the crushing of waste and reduces the possibility of waste clumping together and falling into the incinerator.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, one end of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting plate, and the other end of the drive rod is inserted into the spiral groove and a semi-circular block is fixedly installed thereon, the semi-circular block slidingly engaging with the inner wall of the spiral groove.

[0012] With the above technical solution, when the connecting plate moves, it drives the drive rod to move synchronously. At this time, the semicircular block slides along the inner wall of the spiral groove, thereby causing the unblocking rod to drive the crushing blade to rotate.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, the preheating exhaust pipe includes a hollow plate and a gas guide pipe. The hollow plate is fixedly sleeved on the feed pipe. One end of the gas guide pipe is inserted into the hollow plate and communicates with the inner wall of the hollow plate. The other end of the gas guide pipe is inserted into the incinerator and communicates with the inner wall of the incinerator. The hollow plate is connected to the waste heat boiler through a heat conduction pipe.

[0014] The above technical solution facilitates the transport of high-temperature flue gas into the hollow plate via the gas guide pipe, and then the high-temperature flue gas is transported to the waste heat boiler for heat exchange via the heat conduction pipe.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, a gas supply device is fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator.

[0016] The above technical solution delivers oxygen to the incinerator through a gas supply device, thereby increasing the incineration efficiency of waste.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, a bearing plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the incinerator, a plurality of ash dropping holes are opened on the top surface of the bearing plate, and a limiting block is fixedly provided on the side wall of the bearing plate, the limiting block slidingly engaging with the inner wall of the incinerator.

[0018] The above technical solution allows for easy placement of waste using a support plate, and the slag produced after waste incineration is discharged through the ash discharge hole.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, the inner bottom wall of the incinerator is hinged with an ash collection plate, the top surface of the ash collection plate is fixedly provided with a push plate, the upper end of the push plate slides against the bottom surface of the bearing plate, and the bottom surface of the ash collection plate is connected to the inner bottom wall of the incinerator by a spring.

[0020] The above technical solution facilitates the collection of slag using the ash collection plate, which can also be deflected, causing the slag to move toward the ash discharge port of the incinerator.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, a sealing plate is hinged to the side wall of the incinerator, a driving device is provided on the side wall of the incinerator, the rotation shaft of the driving device is connected to the hinge shaft of the sealing plate, and the side wall of the sealing plate is connected to the top surface of the ash collection plate by a steel cable.

[0022] The above technical solution allows the driving equipment to easily rotate the sealing plate, thereby causing the ash discharge port of the incinerator to open. As the sealing plate rotates, the ash collection plate is pulled by the steel cable to rotate, thereby causing the ash to move towards the ash discharge port of the incinerator for discharge.

[0023] Another technical solution proposed in this invention: an environmentally friendly method for generating electricity by utilizing heat energy from waste incineration, comprising the following steps: S101: First, the mechanical arm applies the pulling force to the crushing device, which then crushes the waste. The crushed waste is stored in the waste bin and pre-treated at 150-200℃ using a microwave-assisted low-temperature pyrolysis device to accelerate the release of leachate and decompose organic matter to generate combustible gas. S102: Then, the waste in the waste bin is fed into the incinerator through the feed pipe. At the same time, the waste is intermittently fed into the incinerator through the intermittent sealing component, thereby quantitatively feeding the incinerator. S103: The waste is incinerated in an incinerator, and the slag produced by the incineration falls onto the ash collection plate. The high-temperature flue gas generated during the incineration of waste enters the waste heat boiler through the preheating exhaust pipe, and then generates superheated steam through heat exchange, which drives the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity. The flue gas is then treated by the flue gas purification equipment. S104: When high-temperature flue gas continuously passes through the preheating exhaust pipe, the waste in the feed pipe is preheated by the high-temperature flue gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the waste when it enters the incinerator, and thus increasing the incineration speed of the waste. S105: When the drive device controls the sealing plate to open, the steel cable pulls the ash collection plate to deflect, thereby causing the slag on the ash collection plate to move to the slag discharge port of the incinerator, thus facilitating the discharge of the slag.

[0024] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: The high-temperature flue gas generated during continuous waste incineration is discharged into the waste heat boiler through the preheating exhaust pipe for heat exchange. As the high-temperature flue gas passes through the preheating exhaust pipe, it preheats the waste in the feed pipe, thereby increasing the temperature of the waste. The waste is also broken up by the unblocking rod to reduce the possibility of waste condensing together and affecting the waste incineration speed. Therefore, the waste incineration speed is faster. The drive device facilitates the deflection of the sealing plate, thereby opening the ash discharge port of the incinerator. As the sealing plate deflects, the ash collection plate is pulled by the steel cable, causing the ash to move towards the ash discharge port of the incinerator for discharge, thus making ash discharge more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the feed pipe of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the support plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional unfolded structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Incinerator; 11. Gas supply equipment; 12. Support plate; 13. Ash discharge hole; 14. Limiting block; 15. Ash collection plate; 16. Push plate; 17. Spring; 18. Sealing plate; 19. Drive device; 110. Steel cable; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Intermittent sealing component; 31. Electric push rod; 32. Sealing plate; 33. Connecting plate; 4. Unblocking rod; 41. Spiral groove; 42. Crushing blade; 5. Drive rod; 51. Semicircular block; 6. Preheating exhaust pipe; 61. Hollow plate; 62. Gas guide pipe; 63. Heat conduction pipe; 7. Waste heat boiler. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0028] Please refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual. Figures 1-4 This invention provides an embodiment of an environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, comprising an incinerator 1, a feed pipe 2 fixedly connected to the top of the incinerator 1, and an intermittent sealing component 3 movably disposed on the side wall of the feed pipe 2. The intermittent sealing component 3 includes an electric push rod 31 and a sealing plate 32. A connecting plate 33 is fixedly disposed at the extended end of the electric push rod 31, and the lower end of the connecting plate 33 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing plate 32. The sealing plate 32 is movably inserted into the feed pipe 2. The electric push rod 31 facilitates the movement of the connecting plate 33 and the sealing plate 32. When the sealing plate 32 moves toward the outside of the feed pipe 2, it causes the feed pipe 2 to open, thereby allowing waste to enter the incinerator 1 for incineration through the feed pipe 2. Conversely, when the sealing plate 32 is reset, it causes the feed pipe 2 to close, thereby stopping the feeding of waste and realizing quantitative waste feeding.

[0029] A dredging rod 4 is rotatably installed inside the feed pipe 2. Two spiral grooves 41 are symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the dredging rod 4. Several crushing blades 42 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dredging rod 4. When the dredging rod 4 rotates, it drives the crushing blades 42 to rotate. The crushing blades 42 facilitate the crushing of the garbage, thereby reducing the possibility of the garbage condensing into lumps and falling into the incinerator 1, and at the same time reducing the possibility of garbage clogging the feed pipe 2.

[0030] Both ends of the unblocking rod 4 are movably connected to drive rods 5. One end of the drive rod 5 extends out of the unblocking rod 4 and is connected to the intermittent sealing component 3. One end of the drive rod 5 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting plate 33. The other end of the drive rod 5 is inserted into the spiral groove 41 and a semi-circular block 51 is fixedly installed thereon. The semi-circular block 51 slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the spiral groove 41. When the connecting plate 33 moves, it drives the drive rod 5 to move synchronously. At this time, the semi-circular block 51 slides along the inner wall of the spiral groove 41, thereby causing the unblocking rod 4 to drive the crushing blade 42 to rotate.

[0031] A preheating exhaust pipe 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the feed pipe 2. The air inlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe 6 is fixedly inserted into the incinerator 1 and connected to the incinerator 1. The air outlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe 6 is fixedly installed with a waste heat boiler 7 and connected to the waste heat boiler 7. The preheating exhaust pipe 6 includes a hollow plate 61 and a guide pipe 62. The hollow plate 61 is fixedly sleeved on the feed pipe 2. One end of the guide pipe 62 is inserted into the hollow plate 61 and connected to the inner wall of the hollow plate 61. The other end of the guide pipe 62 is inserted into the incinerator 1 and connected to the inner wall of the incinerator 1. The hollow plate 61 and the waste heat boiler 7 are connected by a heat-conducting pipe 63. The high-temperature flue gas is easily transported to the hollow plate 61 through the guide pipe 62, and then transported to the waste heat boiler 7 through the heat-conducting pipe 63 for heat exchange. When the high-temperature flue gas passes through the hollow plate 61, its temperature rises, thereby preheating the waste in the feed pipe 2 through the high-temperature flue gas.

[0032] An air supply device 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the incinerator 1. Oxygen is delivered to the incinerator 1 through the air supply device 11, thereby increasing the incineration efficiency of the waste.

[0033] A support plate 12 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the incinerator 1. Several ash collection holes 13 are opened on the top surface of the support plate 12. A limiting block 14 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support plate 12. The limiting block 14 slides with the inner wall of the incinerator 1. The support plate 12 facilitates the collection of waste. When the waste is incinerated, the slag produced is discharged through the ash collection holes 13. The limiting block 14 helps to increase the stability of the support plate 12 when it moves.

[0034] An ash collection plate 15 is hinged to the inner bottom wall of the incinerator 1. A push plate 16 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the ash collection plate 15. The upper end of the push plate 16 slides against the bottom surface of the bearing plate 12. The bottom surface of the ash collection plate 15 is connected to the inner bottom wall of the incinerator 1 by a spring 17. The ash collection plate 15 facilitates the collection of slag. The ash collection plate 15 can deflect. When the ash collection plate 15 deflects, the slag moves toward the slag discharge port of the incinerator 1.

[0035] A sealing plate 18 is hinged to the side wall of the incinerator 1. A drive device 19 is provided on the side wall of the incinerator 1. The rotation shaft of the drive device 19 is connected to the hinge shaft of the sealing plate 18. The side wall of the sealing plate 18 is connected to the top surface of the ash collection plate 15 by a steel cable 110. The drive device 19 facilitates the deflection of the sealing plate 18, thereby causing the ash discharge port of the incinerator 1 to open. As the sealing plate 18 deflects, the steel cable 110 pulls the ash collection plate 15 to deflect, thereby causing the ash to move toward the ash discharge port of the incinerator 1 for discharge. As the sealing plate 18 deflects, the spring 17 is stretched and deformed. When the sealing plate 18 closes, the spring 17 pulls the sealing plate 18 back to its original position.

[0036] In summary: First, the waste is fed into the incinerator 1 through the feed pipe 2 for incineration, and the waste is fed in a quantitative manner through the intermittent sealing component 3 to reduce the possibility of too much or too little waste in the incinerator 1.

[0037] When the intermittent sealing component 3 moves, it drives the drive rod 5 to move synchronously, thereby causing the unblocking rod 4 to rotate, thus reducing the possibility of garbage clogging in the feed pipe 2. At the same time, the unblocking rod 4 disperses the garbage, reducing the possibility of garbage condensing together and affecting the garbage incineration speed.

[0038] The high-temperature flue gas generated during continuous waste incineration is discharged into the waste heat boiler 7 through the preheating exhaust pipe 6 for heat exchange. As the high-temperature flue gas continuously passes through the preheating exhaust pipe 6, it preheats the waste in the feed pipe 2, thereby increasing the temperature of the waste and increasing the incineration speed. By generating electricity through waste incineration, the utilization rate of waste is increased, making waste treatment more environmentally friendly.

[0039] To better demonstrate an environmentally friendly waste incineration heat energy utilization power generation device, this embodiment proposes an environmentally friendly waste incineration heat energy utilization power generation method, including the following steps: Step 1: First, the mechanical arm applies the pulling force to the crushing device, which then crushes the waste. The crushed waste is stored in the waste bin and pre-treated at 150-200℃ using a microwave-assisted low-temperature pyrolysis device to accelerate the release of leachate and decompose organic matter into combustible gas. Step 2: Then, the garbage in the garbage bin is put into the incinerator 1 through the feed pipe 2. At the same time, the garbage is intermittently fed into the incinerator 1 through the intermittent sealing component 3, thereby quantitatively feeding the incinerator 1. Step 3: The waste is incinerated in the incinerator 1, and the slag produced by the incineration falls on the ash collection plate 15. The high-temperature flue gas generated during the incineration of the waste enters the waste heat boiler 7 through the preheating exhaust pipe 6, and then generates superheated steam through heat exchange, which drives the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity. The flue gas is then treated by the flue gas purification equipment. Step 4: As the high-temperature flue gas continuously passes through the preheating exhaust pipe 6, the waste in the feed pipe 2 is preheated by the high-temperature flue gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the waste when it enters the incinerator 1, and thus increasing the incineration speed of the waste. Step 5: When the drive device 19 controls the sealing plate 18 to open, the steel cable 110 pulls the ash collection plate 15 to deflect, thereby causing the slag on the ash collection plate 15 to move to the slag discharge port of the incinerator 1, thus facilitating the discharge of the slag.

[0040] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device, comprising an incinerator (1), characterized in that: A feed pipe (2) is fixedly inserted into the top of the incinerator (1). An intermittent sealing element (3) is movably provided on the side wall of the feed pipe (2). A dredging rod (4) is rotatably provided inside the feed pipe (2). A drive rod (5) is movably inserted into both ends of the dredging rod (4). One end of the drive rod (5) extending out of the dredging rod (4) is connected to the intermittent sealing element (3). A preheating exhaust pipe (6) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the feed pipe (2). The air inlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe (6) is fixedly inserted into the incinerator (1) and communicates with the incinerator (1). A waste heat boiler (7) is fixedly provided at the air outlet end of the preheating exhaust pipe (6) and communicates with the waste heat boiler (7).

2. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermittent sealing component (3) includes an electric push rod (31) and a sealing plate (32). A connecting plate (33) is fixedly provided at the extended end of the electric push rod (31). The lower end of the connecting plate (33) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing plate (32). The sealing plate (32) is movably inserted into the feed pipe (2).

3. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the unblocking rod (4) has two symmetrical spiral grooves (41), and the outer wall of the unblocking rod (4) is fixedly provided with several crushing blades (42).

4. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the drive rod (5) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting plate (33), and the other end of the drive rod (5) is inserted into the spiral groove (41) and a semi-circular block (51) is fixedly installed thereon. The semi-circular block (51) slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the spiral groove (41).

5. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating exhaust pipe (6) includes a hollow plate (61) and a gas guide pipe (62). The hollow plate (61) is fixedly sleeved on the feed pipe (2). One end of the gas guide pipe (62) is inserted into the hollow plate (61) and communicates with the inner wall of the hollow plate (61). The other end of the gas guide pipe (62) is inserted into the incinerator (1) and communicates with the inner wall of the incinerator (1). The hollow plate (61) is connected to the waste heat boiler (7) by a heat conduction pipe (63).

6. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the incinerator (1) is fixedly connected to a gas supply device (11).

7. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the incinerator (1) is fixedly provided with a support plate (12), and the top surface of the support plate (12) is provided with a plurality of ash dropping holes (13). The side wall of the support plate (12) is fixedly provided with a limiting block (14), and the limiting block (14) slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the incinerator (1).

8. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the incinerator (1) is hinged with an ash collection plate (15), and a push plate (16) is fixedly provided on the top surface of the ash collection plate (15). The upper end of the push plate (16) slides against the bottom surface of the bearing plate (12), and the bottom surface of the ash collection plate (15) is connected to the inner bottom wall of the incinerator (1) by a spring (17).

9. The environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side wall of the incinerator (1) is hinged with a sealing plate (18), and the side wall of the incinerator (1) is provided with a driving device (19). The rotating shaft of the driving device (19) is connected to the hinge shaft of the sealing plate (18). The side wall of the sealing plate (18) is connected to the top surface of the ash collection plate (15) by a steel cable (110).

10. A method for generating electricity by utilizing thermal energy from waste incineration, comprising the environmentally friendly waste incineration thermal energy utilization power generation device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S101: First, the mechanical arm applies the pulling force to the crushing device, which then crushes the waste. The crushed waste is stored in the waste bin and pre-treated at 150-200℃ using a microwave-assisted low-temperature pyrolysis device to accelerate the release of leachate and decompose organic matter to generate combustible gas. S102: Then, the garbage in the garbage bin is put into the incinerator (1) through the feed pipe (2), and the garbage is intermittently put into the incinerator (1) through the intermittent sealing component (3), thereby quantitatively feeding the incinerator (1); S103: The garbage is incinerated by the incinerator (1), and the slag produced by the incineration falls on the ash collection plate (15). When the garbage is incinerated, the high temperature flue gas produced enters the waste heat boiler (7) through the preheating exhaust pipe (6), and then generates superheated steam through heat exchange, which drives the steam turbine generator set to generate electricity. Then the flue gas is treated by the flue gas purification equipment. S104: When high-temperature flue gas continuously passes through the preheating exhaust pipe (6), the garbage in the feed pipe (2) is preheated by the high-temperature flue gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the garbage when it enters the incinerator (1), and thus increasing the incineration speed of the garbage. S105: When the drive device (19) controls the sealing plate (18) to open, the ash collection plate (15) is pulled by the steel cable (110) to deflect, thereby causing the slag on the ash collection plate (15) to move to the slag discharge port of the incinerator (1), thus facilitating the discharge of the slag.

Images