Combined cycle heat pump with backflow pressure boost single working fluid

Abstract

The application provides a backflow pressure boosting single-working medium combined cycle heat pump, and belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and heat pump. The compressor has a steam passage and a first steam passage of a nozzle that is communicated with a diffuser pipe, the diffuser pipe has a steam passage that is divided into two routes after a heater, the first route is communicated with the nozzle and the second route is communicated with a regenerator, the regenerator has a condensate pipe that is communicated with an evaporator through a throttle valve, the nozzle has a steam passage that is divided into two routes, the first steam passage is communicated with the diffuser pipe and the second steam passage is communicated with the regenerator through an expander, the evaporator has a steam passage that is communicated with the regenerator, the regenerator has a steam passage that is communicated with the compressor, the heater has a heated medium passage that is communicated with the outside, the evaporator has a low-temperature heat medium passage that is communicated with the outside, the expander is connected with the compressor and transmits power, and the backflow pressure boosting single-working medium combined cycle heat pump is formed.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of refrigeration and heat pump technology. Background technology:

[0002] Vapor compression heat pumps, which operate on the principle of a single working fluid combined cycle, can achieve efficient cooling and high-temperature heating. As the energy transition continues to deepen, people hope that heat pump technology will have more reasonable processes, structures and performance indices. To this end, those skilled in the art have made unremitting efforts.

[0003] From the perspective of the main components constituting a single-working-resource combined cycle heat pump, the compressor and expander are indispensable core components. Through years of theoretical research and engineering practice, and after in-depth consideration and careful analysis, we have found that:

[0004] From the perspective of energy conversion and transfer, there is a repetition between the pressurization process of the circulating working fluid in the compressor and the depressurization process in the expander. This not only complicates the compressor and expander but also increases the systemic irreversible losses. Therefore, efforts should be made to reduce the repetitive process between the pressurization process of the compressor and the depressurization process of the expander.

[0005] Based on the fundamental principles of simple and efficient use of mechanical energy for refrigeration / heating, and taking into account the reduction of repetitive processes between the compressor pressurization process and the expander depressurization process, a reflux-pressurization single-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump with reasonable process flow, simple system, rationalized performance index, and the ability to achieve deep refrigeration and high-temperature heating is proposed for single-refrigerant combined cycle heat pumps. Summary of the Invention:

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0007] 1. A booster-type single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, and nozzle. The compressor has a steam passage, and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The diffuser also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater—the first path connects to the nozzle, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator then has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator via the throttling valve. The nozzle has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator via the expander. The evaporator also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator, and the regenerator also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor. The heater also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a reflux booster-type single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0008] 2. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and high-temperature regenerator. The compressor has a steam passage, and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The diffuser also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater and the high-temperature regenerator—the first path connects to the nozzle, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator then has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator via the throttling valve. The nozzle has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator via the expander. The evaporator also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator, and the regenerator also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor via the high-temperature regenerator. The heater also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0009] 3. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and high-temperature regenerator. The compressor has a steam passage, and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The diffuser also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater and the high-temperature regenerator—the first path connects to the nozzle, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator then has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator via the throttling valve. The nozzle has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator via the expander. The evaporator also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator, and the regenerator also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor. The compressor then has a steam passage that connects to itself via the high-temperature regenerator. The heater also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0010] 4. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and reheater. The compressor has a steam passage, and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The diffuser also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater—the first path connects to the nozzle, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator then has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator via the throttling valve. The nozzle has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser, and the second steam passage connects to the expander. The expander also has a steam passage that connects to itself via the reheater, and then to the regenerator. The evaporator also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator, and the regenerator also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor. The heater also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0011] 5. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and second heater. The compressor has a steam passage, and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The diffuser also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater—the first path connects to the nozzle, and the second path connects to the regenerator via the second heater. The regenerator then has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator via the throttling valve. The nozzle has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator via the expander. The evaporator also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator, and the regenerator also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor. The heater and the second heater also have channels for the heated medium that connect to the outside. The evaporator also has a channel for the low-temperature heat medium that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0012] 6. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a two-phase expander to any of the reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, replacing the throttle valve with the two-phase expander connected to the compressor and transmitting power to form a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0013] 7. A reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle and replacing the throttle valve in any of the reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, thereby forming a reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0014] 8. A reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle to any of the reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, replacing the throttle valve, and adding a dual-energy compressor to replace the compressor.

[0015] 9. A reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is any of the reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, with the addition of a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The regenerator is changed from having a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber via the second nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a steam passage connected to the expander through an intermediate inlet. The steam distribution chamber also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, thus forming a reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0016] 10. A reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is constructed by adding a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber to any of the reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5. The regenerator is changed from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the steam distribution chamber via a second nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a steam passage connected to the expander via an intermediate inlet. A two-phase expander is added and replaces the throttling valve. The steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via the two-phase expander. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0017] 11. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber to any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5. The regenerator is changed from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the steam distribution chamber via a second nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a steam passage connected to the expander via an intermediate inlet. A third nozzle is added and replaces the throttling valve. The steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via the third nozzle. A dual-energy compressor is added and replaces the compressor, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0018] 12. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by eliminating the evaporator and throttling valve in any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, eliminating the low-temperature heat medium channel connecting the evaporator to the outside, adjusting the evaporator to have a steam channel connected to the regenerator and the outside to have a steam channel connected to the regenerator, and adjusting the regenerator to have a condensate pipeline connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve and the regenerator to have a condensate pipeline connected to the outside, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0019] 13. A reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a new compressor to any of the reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-12, and adjusting the diffuser tube from having a steam channel connected to the heater to having a steam channel connected to the heater via the new compressor, thus forming a reflux-boosted single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0020] 14. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in items 1-5, with the addition of an ejector chamber. The compressor has a steam passage and the nozzle has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser. The compressor has a steam passage that connects to the ejector chamber, the nozzle has a first steam passage that connects to the ejector chamber, and the ejector chamber has a steam passage that connects to the diffuser, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump. Attached image description:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a third principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth principle thermodynamic system of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the fifth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is the seventh principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is the eighth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is the ninth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is the tenth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is the 11th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is the 12th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is the 13th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is the 14th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram, 1-compressor, 2-expander, 3-throttle valve, 4-heater, 5-evaporator, 6-regenerator, 7-diffuser, 8-nozzle, 9-high temperature regenerator, 10-reheater, 11-secondary heater, 12-two-phase expander, 13-secondary nozzle, 14-dual-energy compressor, 15-steam separator, 16-third nozzle, A-new compressor, B-ejector chamber.

[0036] Regarding the ejection chamber, it should be noted that:

[0037] Appendix Figure 14 The ejector chamber B is where the first-stage steam discharged from nozzle 8 and the ejected steam meet; in other words, ejector chamber B includes both the first-stage outlet steam passage of nozzle 8 and the steam discharge passage of compressor 1; therefore, attached... Figure 1-13 In the technical solution shown, the "ejector chamber" is concealed in the steam channel, and this application chooses not to describe it. Detailed implementation method:

[0038] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary; obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0039] Figure 1 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0040] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttle valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, and a nozzle. The compressor 1 has a steam passage, and the nozzle 8 has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser 7. The diffuser 7 also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater 4—the first path connects to the nozzle 8 and the second path connects to the regenerator 6. The regenerator 6 then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator 5 through the throttle valve 3. The nozzle 8 has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser 7 and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator 6 through the expander 2. The evaporator 5 also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6 and the regenerator 6 also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor 1. The heater 4 also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator 5 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander 2 connects to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0041] (2) In terms of process, the steam discharged from the expander 2 and the evaporator 5 flows through the regenerator 6 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature or increase pressure and temperature and increase speed; the steam discharged from the compressor 1 is injected by the first steam discharged from the nozzle 8 and flows through the diffuser 7 to decrease speed and increase pressure, flows through the heater 4 and releases heat, and then splits into two paths - the first path enters the nozzle 8 to decrease pressure and increase speed, and the second path flows through the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense, flows through the throttle valve 3 to decrease pressure and temperature and enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize; the steam discharged from the nozzle 8 is split into two paths - the first path is provided to the diffuser 7, and the second path flows through the expander 2 to decrease speed and decrease pressure and work, and then enters the regenerator 6 to absorb heat and increase temperature; the heated medium obtains high temperature heat load through the heater 4, and the low temperature heat medium provides low temperature heat load through the evaporator 5. The external environment and the expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1 to form a reflux and pressurization single working fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0042] Figure 2 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0043] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttle valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, a nozzle, and a high-temperature regenerator. The compressor 1 has a steam passage, and the nozzle 8 has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser 7. The diffuser 7 also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater 4 and the high-temperature regenerator 9. The first path connects to the nozzle 8, and the second path connects to the regenerator 6. The regenerator 6 then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator 5 through the throttle valve 3. The nozzle 8 has a steam passage that splits into two paths. The first steam passage connects to the diffuser 7, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator 6 through the expander 2. The evaporator 5 also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6, and the regenerator 6 also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor 1 through the high-temperature regenerator 9. The heater 4 also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator 5 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander 2 connects to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0044] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the steam discharged from the diffuser 7 flows through the heater 4 and the high-temperature regenerator 9 to gradually release heat and cool down, and then enters the nozzle 8 to reduce pressure and increase speed and enters the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense, respectively; the steam discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the high-temperature regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0045] Figure 3 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0046] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttle valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, a nozzle, and a high-temperature regenerator. The compressor 1 has a steam passage, and the nozzle 8 has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser 7. The diffuser 7 also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater 4 and the high-temperature regenerator 9. The first path connects to the nozzle 8, and the second path connects to the regenerator 6. The regenerator 6 then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator 5 through the throttle valve 3. The nozzle 8 has a steam passage that splits into two paths. The first steam passage connects to the diffuser 7, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator 6 through the expander 2. The evaporator 5 also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6. The regenerator 6 also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor 1. The compressor 1 then has a steam passage that connects to itself through the high-temperature regenerator 9. The heater 4 also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator 5 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander 2 connects to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0047] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the steam discharged from the diffuser 7 flows through the heater 4 and the high-temperature regenerator 9 to gradually release heat and cool down, and then enters the nozzle 8 to reduce pressure and increase speed and enters the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense, respectively; the steam discharged from the regenerator 6 enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature, and after reaching a certain level, it flows through the high-temperature regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and enters the compressor 1 to continue to increase pressure and temperature, and then provides it to the diffuser 7 to form a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0048] Figure 4 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0049] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttle valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, a nozzle, and a reheater. The compressor 1 has a steam passage, and the nozzle 8 has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser 7. The diffuser 7 also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater 4. The first path connects to the nozzle 8, and the second path connects to the regenerator 6 after passing through the reheater 10. The regenerator 6 then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator 5 through the throttle valve 3. The nozzle 8 has a steam passage that splits into two paths. The first steam passage connects to the diffuser 7, and the second steam passage connects to the expander 2. The expander 2 also has a steam passage that connects to itself after passing through the reheater 10. The expander 2 then has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6. The evaporator 5 also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6, and the regenerator 6 also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor 1. The heater 4 also has a heated medium passage that connects to the outside, and the evaporator 5 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0050] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: the steam discharged from the diffuser 7 flows through the heater 4 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path enters the nozzle 8 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and the second path flows through the reheater 10 to release heat and then enters the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense; the second path of steam discharged from the nozzle 8 enters the expander 2 to reduce speed and do work / reduce pressure, and after reaching a certain level, it flows through the reheater 10 to absorb heat and increase temperature, enters the expander 2 to continue to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the regenerator 6 to absorb heat and increase temperature, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0051] Figure 5 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0052] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttle valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, a nozzle, and a second heater. The compressor 1 has a steam passage, and the nozzle 8 has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser 7. The diffuser 7 also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater 4—the first path connects to the nozzle 8, and the second path connects to the regenerator 6 after passing through the second heater 11. The regenerator 6 then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator 5 through the throttle valve 3. The nozzle 8 has a steam passage that splits into two paths—the first steam passage connects to the diffuser 7, and the second steam passage connects to the regenerator 6 after passing through the expander 2. The evaporator 5 also has a steam passage that connects to the regenerator 6, and the regenerator 6 also has a steam passage that connects to the compressor 1. The heater 4 and the second heater 11 also have heated medium passages that connect to the outside. The evaporator 5 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage that connects to the outside. The expander 2 connects to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0053] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the steam discharged from the diffuser 7 is divided into two paths after passing through the heater 4 to release heat and cool down - the first path enters the nozzle 8 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and the second path flows through the second heater 11 to release heat and then enters the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense; the heated medium obtains the heating load through the second heater 11, forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0054] Figure 6 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0055] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, a two-phase expander 12 is added and replaces the throttle valve 3. The two-phase expander 12 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0056] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared with the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the two-phase expander 12 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 12 provides power to the compressor 1, forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0057] Figure 7 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0058] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, a second nozzle 13 is added and replaces the throttle valve 3.

[0059] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the second nozzle 13 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0060] Figure 8 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0061] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, a second nozzle 13 is added and replaces the throttle valve 3, and a dual-energy compressor 14 is added and replaces the compressor 1.

[0062] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the second nozzle 13 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize; the steam discharged from the regenerator 6 enters the dual-energy compressor 14 to reduce speed and increase pressure, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0063] Figure 9 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0064] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber are added. The regenerator 6 is changed from having a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 5 via a throttling valve 3 to having a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber 15 via the second nozzle 13. The steam distribution chamber 15 also has a steam passage connected to the expander 2 through an intermediate inlet. The steam distribution chamber 15 also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 5 via a throttling valve 3.

[0065] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared with the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the second nozzle 13 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 15 for gas-liquid separation. The steam released from the steam separator 15 enters the expander 2 through the intermediate inlet to reduce speed and pressure and do work. The condensate discharged from the steam separator 15 flows through the throttle valve 3 to reduce pressure and temperature and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0066] Figure 10 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0067] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber are added. The regenerator 6, which was previously connected to the evaporator 5 via a throttle valve 3, is now connected to the steam distribution chamber 15 via a second nozzle 13. The steam distribution chamber 15 also has a steam passage connected to the expander 2 via an intermediate inlet. A two-phase expander 12 is added and replaces the throttle valve 3. The steam distribution chamber 15 is then connected to the evaporator 5 via a condensate pipe through the two-phase expander 12. The two-phase expander 12 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0068] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the second nozzle 13 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 15 for gas-liquid separation. The steam released from the steam separator 15 enters the expander 2 through the intermediate inlet to reduce speed and pressure and perform work. The condensate discharged from the steam separator 15 flows through the two-phase expander 12 to reduce pressure and perform work, and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize. The mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 12 provides power to the compressor 1, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump.

[0069] Figure 11 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0070] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber are added. The regenerator 6 is changed from having a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 5 via a throttle valve 3 to having a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber 15 via a second nozzle 13. The steam distribution chamber 15 also has a steam passage connected to the expander 2 through an intermediate inlet. A third nozzle 16 is added and replaces the throttle valve 3. The steam distribution chamber 15 then has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 5 via the third nozzle 16. A dual-energy compressor 14 is added and replaces the compressor 1.

[0071] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate discharged from the regenerator 6 flows through the second nozzle 13 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 15 for gas-liquid separation. The steam released from the steam separator 15 enters the expander 2 through the intermediate inlet to reduce speed and reduce pressure to do work. The condensate discharged from the steam separator 15 flows through the third nozzle 16 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 5 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0072] Figure 12 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0073] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-medium combined cycle heat pump shown, the evaporator and throttling valve are removed, the low-temperature heat medium channel connecting the evaporator 5 to the outside is removed, the steam channel connecting the evaporator 5 to the regenerator 6 is adjusted to connect the external steam channel to the regenerator 6, and the condensate pipeline connecting the regenerator 6 to the evaporator 5 via the throttling valve 3 is adjusted to connect the regenerator 6 to the outside condensate pipeline.

[0074] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: steam in the external steam state enters the regenerator 6, and steam discharged from the expander 2 enters the regenerator 6. After absorbing heat and increasing temperature, the two streams of steam enter the compressor 1 for pressurization and heating. The steam discharged from the diffuser 7 flows through the heater 4 and releases heat, and then splits into two streams—the first stream enters the nozzle 8 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and the second stream flows through the regenerator 6 to release heat and condense before being discharged to the outside. The external steam provides low-temperature heat load through the inlet and outlet processes, forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0075] Figure 13 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0076] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, a new compressor A is added, and the diffuser 7 is adjusted so that it has a steam channel that connects to the heater 4 via the new compressor A.

[0077] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared with the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that: the steam discharged from the diffuser tube 7 flows through the newly added compressor A to increase its pressure and temperature, and then enters the heater 4 to release heat and cool down; the external and the expander 2 jointly provide power to the compressor 1 and the newly added compressor A, or the external provides power to the newly added compressor A while the expander 2 provides power to the compressor 1, forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0078] Figure 14 The reflux booster single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0079] (1) Structurally, in Figure 13 In the reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump shown, an ejector chamber B is added. The compressor 1 has a steam channel and the nozzle 8 has a first steam channel that merges and connects to the diffuser pipe 7. The compressor 1 has a steam channel that connects to the ejector chamber B, the nozzle 8 has a first steam channel that connects to the ejector chamber B, and the ejector chamber B has a steam channel that connects to the diffuser pipe 7.

[0080] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 13 Compared with the reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump shown, the difference is that the first steam discharged from the nozzle 8 enters the ejector chamber B, the steam discharged from the ejector compressor 1 enters the ejector chamber B, and the steam discharged from the ejector chamber B enters the diffuser tube 7 to reduce speed, increase pressure and increase temperature, forming a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

[0081] The effects achievable by this invention—the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0082] (1) The pressure rise and pressure fall processes of the working medium in the core components are shortened, reducing irreversible process losses.

[0083] (2) It significantly reduces the workload of the compressor and expander, thereby reducing the size of the heat pump unit, lowering the manufacturing cost of the heat pump unit, and improving its economic efficiency.

[0084] (3) Mechanical energy drives the pressure increase, and macroscopic kinetic energy drives the pressure increase autonomously. The two work together to undertake the pressure increase process of the working medium. This is conducive to significantly improving the pressure increase ratio of the working medium, thereby achieving high-efficiency cooling and high-efficiency heating across a wide temperature range.

[0085] (4) It significantly reduces the complexity of the working medium during the entire pressurization and depressurization process, significantly reduces the mechanical transmission share of energy and systemic irreversible loss, and is conducive to improving the performance index of the heat pump device.

[0086] (5) It can achieve a large pressure ratio process, which is conducive to the simultaneous supply of cold and heat and improves economic efficiency.

[0087] (6) It has enriched the types of single-working-substrate combined cycle heat pump devices, significantly reduced manufacturing costs, and greatly expanded the application scope of single-working-substrate combined cycle heat pump technology.

[0088] (7) Significantly reduces the pressure boosting process undertaken by the compressor, effectively resolves the contradiction between the pressure boosting ratio and the flow of the circulating working fluid, and is conducive to the construction of a high-load single working fluid combined cycle heat pump device.

[0089] (8) It has greatly promoted the technological progress of single-working-substrate combined cycle heat pumps, which is conducive to better utilizing mechanical energy to achieve efficient cooling, deep cooling, efficient heating and high-temperature heating, resulting in high comprehensive benefits.

Claims

1. A combined cycle heat pump with a single working fluid and a reflux booster is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a throttling valve, a heater, an evaporator, a regenerator, a diffuser, and a nozzle. The compressor (1) has a steam passage, and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects to the diffuser (7). The diffuser (7) also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater (4)—the first path connects to the nozzle (8) and the second path connects to the regenerator (6). The regenerator (6) then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator (5) through the throttling valve (3). The nozzle... (8) The steam channel is divided into two paths - the first steam channel is connected to the diffuser (7) and the second steam channel is connected to the regenerator (6) via the expander (2). The evaporator (5) also has a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6), and the regenerator (6) also has a steam channel connected to the compressor (1). The heater (4) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside, and the evaporator (5) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a reflux-pressurized single working fluid combined cycle heat pump.

2. The reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is mainly composed of a compressor, expander, throttle valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle and high-temperature regenerator; the compressor (1) has a steam passage and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser (7). The diffuser (7) also has a steam passage that passes through the heater (4) and the high-temperature regenerator (9) and then splits into two paths - the first path connects to the nozzle (8) and the second path connects to the regenerator (6). After that, the regenerator (6) has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator (5) through the throttle valve (3). The nozzle (8) has a steam channel divided into two paths - the first steam channel is connected to the diffuser (7) and the second steam channel is connected to the regenerator (6) via the expander (2). The evaporator (5) also has a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6). The regenerator (6) also has a steam channel connected to the compressor (1) via the high-temperature regenerator (9). The heater (4) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The evaporator (5) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a reflux-pressurized single working fluid combined cycle heat pump.

3. The reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is mainly composed of a compressor, expander, throttle valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle and high-temperature regenerator; the compressor (1) has a steam passage and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser (7). The diffuser (7) also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater (4) and the high-temperature regenerator (9) - the first path connects to the nozzle (8) and the second path connects to the regenerator (6). The regenerator (6) then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator (5) through the throttle valve (3). The nozzle (8) has steam The channel is divided into two paths: the first steam channel is connected to the diffuser (7) and the second steam channel is connected to the regenerator (6) via the expander (2). The evaporator (5) also has a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6). The regenerator (6) also has a steam channel connected to the compressor (1). After that, the compressor (1) has a steam channel connected to itself via the high-temperature regenerator (9). The heater (4) also has a channel for the heated medium connected to the outside. The evaporator (5) also has a channel for the low-temperature heat medium connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

4. The reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is mainly composed of a compressor, expander, throttling valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and reheater; the compressor (1) has a steam passage and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser (7). The diffuser (7) also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater (4) - the first path connects to the nozzle (8) and the second path connects to the regenerator (6) after passing through the reheater (10). The regenerator (6) then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator (5) through the throttling valve (3). The nozzle (8) has a steam passage that splits into two paths - The first steam passage is connected to the diffuser (7) and the second steam passage is connected to the expander (2). The expander (2) also has a steam passage connected to itself via the reheater (10). The expander (2) also has a steam passage connected to the regenerator (6). The evaporator (5) also has a steam passage connected to the regenerator (6). The regenerator (6) also has a steam passage connected to the compressor (1). The heater (4) also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The evaporator (5) also has a low-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a reflux-pressurized single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

5. The reflux booster single-working-refrigerant combined cycle heat pump is mainly composed of a compressor, expander, throttle valve, heater, evaporator, regenerator, diffuser, nozzle, and second heater; the compressor (1) has a steam passage and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser (7). The diffuser (7) also has a steam passage that splits into two paths after passing through the heater (4) - the first path connects to the nozzle (8) and the second path connects to the regenerator (6) after passing through the second heater (11). The regenerator (6) then has a condensate pipeline that connects to the evaporator (5) through the throttle valve (3). The nozzle (8) has a steam channel divided into two paths - the first steam channel is connected to the diffuser (7) and the second steam channel is connected to the regenerator (6) via the expander (2). The evaporator (5) also has a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6), and the regenerator (6) also has a steam channel connected to the compressor (1). The heater (4) and the second heater (11) also have heated medium channels connected to the outside. The evaporator (5) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a reflux-pressurized single working fluid combined cycle heat pump.

6. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a two-phase expander (12) and replacing the throttle valve (3) in any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-5. The two-phase expander (12) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power to form a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

7. A reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (13) and replacing the throttle valve (3) in any of the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-5, thereby forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

8. A reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (13) to replace the throttle valve (3) and adding a dual-energy compressor (14) to replace the compressor (1) in any of the reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-5, thereby forming a reflux boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

9. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump according to any one of claims 1-5, with the addition of a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The regenerator (6) is adjusted so that the condensate pipe is connected to the evaporator (5) through the throttle valve (3), and the regenerator (6) has a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber (15) through the second nozzle (13). The steam distribution chamber (15) also has a steam passage connected to the expander (2) through the intermediate inlet. The steam distribution chamber (15) also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (5) through the throttle valve (3), thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

10. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump according to any one of claims 1-5, with the addition of a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The regenerator (6) is adjusted so that the condensate pipe is connected to the evaporator (5) via a throttle valve (3), and the regenerator (6) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (15) via a second nozzle (13). The steam distribution chamber (15) also has a steam passage connected to the expander (2) through an intermediate inlet. A two-phase expander (12) is added and replaces the throttle valve (3). The steam distribution chamber (15) is then connected to the evaporator (5) via a condensate pipe through the two-phase expander (12). The two-phase expander (12) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

11. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle and a steam distribution chamber to any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-5. The regenerator (6) is connected to the evaporator (5) via a condensate pipe through a throttle valve (3). The regenerator (6) is then connected to the steam distribution chamber (15) via a second nozzle (13). The steam distribution chamber (15) also has a steam passage connected to the expander (2) via an intermediate inlet. A third nozzle (16) is added and replaces the throttle valve (3). The steam distribution chamber (15) is then connected to the evaporator (5) via a condensate pipe through the third nozzle (16). A dual-energy compressor (14) is added and replaces the compressor (1), thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

12. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by eliminating the evaporator and throttling valve in any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-5, eliminating the low-temperature heat medium channel connecting the evaporator (5) to the outside, adjusting the evaporator (5) to have a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6) so that the outside has a steam channel connected to the regenerator (6), and adjusting the regenerator (6) to have a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (5) via the throttling valve (3) so that the regenerator (6) has a condensate pipe connected to the outside, thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

13. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is formed by adding a new compressor (A) to any of the reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pumps described in claims 1-12, and adjusting the diffuser (7) so that the diffuser (7) has a steam channel connected to the heater (4) via the new compressor (A), thereby forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

14. A reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump is a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein an ejector chamber (B) is added, and the compressor (1) has a steam passage and the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that merges and connects with the diffuser (7), so that the compressor (1) has a steam passage that connects with the ejector chamber (B), the nozzle (8) has a first steam passage that connects with the ejector chamber (B), and the ejector chamber (B) has a steam passage that connects with the diffuser (7), thus forming a reflux-boosting single-working-fluid combined cycle heat pump.

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