High-efficiency vapor compression heat pump

Abstract

The application provides a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump, and belongs to the technical field of refrigeration and heat pump. A low-temperature heat exchanger has a circulating working medium passage in communication with a compressor, a distribution chamber has a circulating working medium passage in communication with the compressor through an intermediate inlet, an expander has a circulating working medium passage in communication with a regenerator and then in communication with the compressor through an intermediate port, the compressor has a circulating working medium passage in communication with a heater and then divided into two paths, a first path in communication with the expander and a second path in communication with the regenerator, the regenerator has a circulating working medium passage in communication with the distribution chamber through a nozzle, the distribution chamber has a circulating working medium passage in communication with the low-temperature heat exchanger through a throttle valve, the heater has a heated medium passage in communication with the outside, the low-temperature heat exchanger has a low-temperature heat medium passage in communication with the outside, the expander is connected with the compressor and transmits power, and a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of refrigeration and heat pump technology. Background technology:

[0002] People's lives and production require both cooling and heating. Using heat pump technology to provide cooling / heating is a fundamental means to achieve efficient and high-value energy utilization. In practical applications, the operating parameters, performance index, manufacturing cost, adaptability, and utilization level of heat resources of heat pumps need to be comprehensively considered.

[0003] For phase change vapor compression heat pumps, the advantage lies in their ability to achieve constant-temperature heat absorption; however, when high-parameter heating is required, how to take simple technical measures to reduce the negative effects of the throttling process and ensure that components such as evaporators have suitable operating parameters and are feasible and convenient in design is a challenging technical problem.

[0004] Based on the principle of simple and efficient use of mechanical energy for refrigeration / heating, this invention proposes a combined cycle vapor compression heat pump with a reasonable process, simple structure, flexible adjustment of condensate depressurization process and effective energy recovery, suitable operating parameters and design feasibility for components such as evaporators, low systemic irreversible loss, and rationalized performance index. Summary of the Invention:

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0006] 1. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, regenerator, heater, nozzle, steam distribution chamber, throttling valve, and low-temperature heat exchanger. The low-temperature heat exchanger has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor. The steam distribution chamber has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor via an intermediate inlet. The expander has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the regenerator and then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The compressor also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the heater, which then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the expander, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the steam distribution chamber via a nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger via a throttling valve. The heater also has a channel for the heated medium connected to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger also has a channel for the low-temperature heat medium connected to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0007] 2. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 1, in which a two-phase expander is added and replaces the throttle valve. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0008] 3. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 1 and replacing the throttle valve, and adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor.

[0009] 4. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 1 and replacing the throttle valve, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, and adding an expander speed increaser and replacing the expander.

[0010] 5. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, expander, regenerator, heater, nozzle, steam distribution chamber, throttling valve, low-temperature heat exchanger, and second regenerator. The low-temperature heat exchanger has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor via the second regenerator. The steam distribution chamber has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor via an intermediate inlet. The expander has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the regenerator and then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The compressor also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the heater and then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the expander, and the second path connects to the regenerator. The regenerator also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the steam distribution chamber via the second regenerator and nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the low-temperature heat exchanger via a throttling valve. The heater also has a channel for the heated medium that connects to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger also has a channel for the low-temperature heat medium that connects to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0011] 6. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 5, in which a two-phase expander is added and replaces the throttle valve. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0012] 7. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 5 and replacing the throttle valve, and adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor.

[0013] 8. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in item 5 and replacing the throttle valve, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, and adding an expander speed increaser and replacing the expander.

[0014] 9. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a channel for the heated medium to the regenerator and connecting it to the outside in any of the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pumps described in items 1-8. Attached image description:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a second principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a third principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a fourth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a fifth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the seventh principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is the eighth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump provided by the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, 1-compressor, 2-expander, 3-regenerator, 4-heater, 5-nozzle, 6-steam chamber, 7-throttle valve, 8-low temperature heat exchanger, 9-two-phase expander, 10-second nozzle, 11-dual-energy compressor, 12-expander speed-up unit, 13-second regenerator. Detailed implementation method:

[0024] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary, and obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] Figure 1 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0026] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a regenerator, a heater, a nozzle, a steam distribution chamber, a throttle valve, and a low-temperature heat exchanger. The low-temperature heat exchanger 8 has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor 1. The steam distribution chamber 6 has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor 1 through an intermediate inlet. The expander 2 has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the regenerator 3 and then connected to the compressor 1 through an intermediate port. The compressor 1 also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the heater 4 and then splits into two paths - the first path is connected to the expander 2 and the second path is connected to the regenerator 3. The regenerator 3 also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the steam distribution chamber 6 through the nozzle 5. The steam distribution chamber 6 also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 through the throttle valve 7. The heater 4 also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger 8 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0027] (2) In terms of process, the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heater 4 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths: the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 3 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 1 through the intermediate air inlet to increase pressure and temperature, and the second path enters the regenerator 3 to release heat and condense; the condensate discharged from the regenerator 3 flows through the nozzle 5 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 6 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor released from the steam separator 6 enters the compressor 1 through the intermediate inlet to reduce speed and increase pressure, and the condensate discharged from the steam separator 6 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and evaporate or to be further superheated, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature; the expander 2 and the outside provide power to the compressor 1, the heated medium obtains high-temperature heat load through the heater 4, and the low-temperature heat medium obtains low-temperature heat load through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0028] Figure 2 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0029] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a two-phase expander 9 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7. The two-phase expander 9 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0030] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the steam separator 6 flows through the two-phase expander 9 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 9 is provided to the compressor 1 to provide power, thus forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0031] Figure 3 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0032] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a second nozzle 10 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, and a dual-energy compressor 11 is added and replaces the compressor 1.

[0033] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 6 flows through the second nozzle 10 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to reduce speed and increase pressure, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0034] Figure 4 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0035] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a second nozzle 10 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, a dual-energy compressor 11 is added and replaces the compressor 1, and an expander speed-up unit 12 is added and replaces the expander 2.

[0036] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 6 flows through the second nozzle 10 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to reduce speed and increase pressure; the first circulating working fluid discharged from the heater 4 flows through the expander speed increaser 12 to reduce pressure and do work and increase speed, flows through the regenerator 3 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to reduce speed and increase pressure, thus forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0037] Figure 5 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0038] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of a compressor, an expander, a regenerator, a heater, a nozzle, a steam distribution chamber, a throttle valve, a low-temperature heat exchanger, and a second regenerator. The low-temperature heat exchanger 8 has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor 1 via the second regenerator 13. The steam distribution chamber 6 has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor 1 via the intermediate inlet. The expander 2 has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the regenerator 3 and then connects to the compressor 1 via the intermediate port. The compressor 1 also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the heater 4 and then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the expander 2 and the second path connects to the regenerator 3. The regenerator 3 also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the steam distribution chamber 6 via the second regenerator 13 and the nozzle 5. The steam distribution chamber 6 also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 via the throttle valve 7. The heater 4 also has a heated medium channel that connects to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger 8 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel that connects to the outside. The expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0039] (2) In terms of process, the circulating working fluid discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heater 4 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths - the first path flows through the expander 2 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 3 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 1 through the intermediate air inlet to increase pressure and temperature, and the second path is supplied to the regenerator 3; the circulating working fluid flows through the regenerator 3 and the second regenerator 13 to gradually release heat, flows through the nozzle 5 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam separator 6 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor released by the steam separator 6 enters the compressor 1 through the intermediate inlet to reduce speed and increase pressure, the condensate discharged from the steam separator 6 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the low temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and heat up, and then enters the compressor 1 to increase pressure and temperature; the expander 2 and the outside provide power to the compressor 1, the heated medium obtains high temperature heat load through the heater 4, and the low temperature heat medium provides low temperature heat load through the low temperature heat exchanger 8, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0040] Figure 6 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0041] (1) Structurally, in Figure 5 In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a two-phase expander 9 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7. The two-phase expander 9 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.

[0042] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 5 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the steam separator 6 flows through the two-phase expander 9 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 9 is provided to the compressor 1 to provide power, thus forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0043] Figure 7 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0044] (1) Structurally, in Figure 5 In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a second nozzle 10 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, and a dual-energy compressor 11 is added and replaces the compressor 1.

[0045] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 5 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 6 flows through the second nozzle 10 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, thus forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0046] Figure 8 The high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown is implemented as follows:

[0047] (1) Structurally, in Figure 5 In the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, a second nozzle 10 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, a dual-energy compressor 11 is added and replaces the compressor 1, and an expander speed-up unit 12 is added and replaces the expander 2.

[0048] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 5 Compared to the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump shown, the difference lies in the following: the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 6 flows through the second nozzle 10 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the low-temperature heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to reduce speed and increase pressure; the first circulating working fluid discharged from the heater 4 flows through the expander speed increaser 12 to reduce pressure and do work and increase speed, flows through the regenerator 3 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 11 to reduce speed and increase pressure, thus forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

[0049] The effects achievable by this invention—the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0050] (1) Significantly reduces irreversible losses during the condensate depressurization process and improves the heat pump performance index.

[0051] (2) The step-by-step condensate depressurization process can flexibly adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant medium through the evaporator, ensuring that the evaporator has suitable operating parameters and design feasibility.

[0052] (3) It basically eliminates the adverse effects of the low latent heat of the refrigerant medium, thus expanding the scope of refrigerant medium selection.

[0053] (4) Significantly improves the utilization of sensible heat of condensate, which is beneficial to reduce the compressor pressure ratio and improve the heat pump performance index.

[0054] (5) It is conducive to expanding the range of working parameters, with small systemic irreversible losses, and achieving efficient cooling / high-temperature heating.

[0055] (6) Single working fluid is beneficial for production and storage; reduces operating costs and improves the flexibility of cycle regulation.

[0056] (7) In high-temperature or variable-temperature zones, it helps to reduce irreversible temperature loss in the heat transfer process and improve the performance index.

[0057] (8) In high-temperature heating areas, adopt low-pressure operation mode to alleviate or resolve the contradiction between performance index, circulating medium parameters and pressure and temperature resistance of pipes in traditional refrigeration and heat pump devices.

[0058] (9) It is conducive to better expanding the application of mechanical energy in the fields of high-efficiency refrigeration, deep refrigeration, high-temperature heating and variable-temperature heating.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, an expander, a regenerator, a heater, a nozzle, a steam distribution chamber, a throttling valve, and a low-temperature heat exchanger; the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor (1), the steam distribution chamber (6) has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the compressor (1) through an intermediate inlet, the expander (2) has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the regenerator (3) and then connected to the compressor (1) through an intermediate port, and the compressor (1) also has a circulating working fluid channel connected to the heater (4) and then... It is divided into two paths: the first path is connected to the expander (2) and the second path is connected to the regenerator (3). The regenerator (3) also has a circulating working medium channel connected to the steam distribution chamber (6) via the nozzle (5). The steam distribution chamber (6) also has a circulating working medium channel connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) via the throttle valve (7). The heater (4) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger (8) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

2. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump according to claim 1, wherein a two-phase expander (9) is added and replaces the throttle valve (7), the two-phase expander (9) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, thereby forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

3. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (10) to replace the throttle valve (7) and adding a dual-energy compressor (11) to replace the compressor (1) in the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in claim 1, thereby forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

4. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (10) to replace the throttle valve (7), adding a dual-energy compressor (11) to replace the compressor (1), and adding an expander speed increaser (12) to replace the expander (2) in the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in claim 1.

5. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump mainly consists of a compressor, an expander, a regenerator, a heater, a nozzle, a steam distribution chamber, a throttling valve, a low-temperature heat exchanger, and a second regenerator. The low-temperature heat exchanger (8) has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor (1) via the second regenerator (13). The steam distribution chamber (6) has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the compressor (1) via an intermediate inlet. The expander (2) has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the regenerator (3) and then to the compressor (1) via an intermediate port. The compressor (1) also has a circulating working fluid channel that connects to the heater (4). Then it is divided into two paths: the first path is connected to the expander (2) and the second path is connected to the regenerator (3). The regenerator (3) also has a circulating working medium channel connected to the steam distribution chamber (6) through the second regenerator (13) and the nozzle (5). The steam distribution chamber (6) also has a circulating working medium channel connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger (8) through the throttle valve (7). The heater (4) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The low-temperature heat exchanger (8) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (2) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power to form a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

6. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump according to claim 5, wherein a two-phase expander (9) is added and replaces the throttle valve (7), the two-phase expander (9) is connected to the compressor (1) and transmits power, thereby forming a high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump.

7. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (10) to replace the throttle valve (7) and adding a dual-energy compressor (11) to replace the compressor (1) in the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in claim 5.

8. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a second nozzle (10) to replace the throttle valve (7), adding a dual-energy compressor (11) to replace the compressor (1), and adding an expander speed increaser (12) to replace the expander (2) in the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump described in claim 5.

9. A high-efficiency vapor compression heat pump is formed by adding a heated medium channel to the regenerator (3) and connecting it to the outside in any of the high-efficiency vapor compression heat pumps described in claims 1-8.

Images