An oil pipeline leakage emergency disposal test platform based on real scene simulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on real scene simulation oil pipeline leakage emergency disposal test platform, it is related to long-distance pipeline emergency rescue disposal technical field, to solve the problem of lack of comprehensive test platform based on real scene simulation for the emergency repair method and equipment of oil pipeline leakage in relevant technologies.The test platform includes underground oil storage tank, centrifugal pump, plunger pump and downstream test device.The inlet of the centrifugal pump is communicated with the underground oil storage tank.A centrifugal pump check valve is arranged between the inlet and outlet of the centrifugal pump.The inlet of the plunger pump is communicated with the outlet of the centrifugal pump.A plunger pump check valve is arranged between the inlet and outlet of the plunger pump.A plunger pump outlet check valve is arranged downstream of the outlet of the plunger pump.The downstream test device is communicated with the plunger pump outlet check valve.The downstream test device includes at least one of leakage test assembly, plugging test assembly or excavation test assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of emergency response technology for long-distance pipelines, and in particular to an experimental platform for emergency response to oil pipeline leaks based on real-world simulation. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines are the lifeline of a nation's energy supply and are crucial to the security of energy transportation. Accidents can threaten surrounding facilities and personnel, and in severe cases, cause significant economic losses and have a major impact on society.

[0003] As my country's in-service oil pipelines age, the probability and danger of pipeline accidents are constantly increasing. To address the risk of pipeline leaks, relevant technologies already exist for methods of detection, assessment, excavation, and sealing, as well as emergency repair equipment. However, currently, there is a lack of comprehensive testing platforms based on real-world simulations to test and verify the effectiveness and applicability of these emergency repair methods and equipment. Therefore, in order to respond promptly and repair quickly in the event of a pipeline accident, it is necessary to construct a facility to simulate the accident scene, thereby providing an implementation platform for emergency rescue methods or equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an emergency response test platform for oil pipeline leaks based on real-scene simulation, which aims to solve the problem of the lack of a comprehensive test platform based on real-scene simulation for emergency repair methods and equipment for oil pipeline leaks in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This application provides a real-world simulation-based emergency response test platform for oil pipeline leaks, comprising: an underground oil storage tank, a centrifugal pump, a plunger pump, and a downstream test device. The underground oil storage tank is configured to store oil. The inlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the underground oil storage tank. A centrifugal pump check valve is installed between the outlet and the inlet of the centrifugal pump. The inlet of the plunger pump is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal pump. A plunger pump outlet check valve is installed downstream of the outlet of the plunger pump. A plunger pump check valve is installed between the outlet and the inlet of the plunger pump. The downstream test device is connected to the plunger pump outlet check valve; the downstream test device includes at least one of: a leak test assembly, a sealing test assembly, or an excavation test assembly.

[0007] This application provides a real-world simulation-based emergency response test platform for oil pipeline leaks, capable of verifying the effectiveness and applicability of oil pipeline repair technologies, equipment, and solutions. By constructing the platform under realistic oil leak conditions, the reliability of repair methods and equipment, including detection, assessment, excavation, and sealing, as well as the effectiveness of operational plans, can be effectively verified under leak conditions. This facilitates the improvement of emergency repair plans and technical indicators for oil pipelines under different leak conditions, enabling efficient handling of oil pipeline emergencies. By incorporating centrifugal pumps and plunger pumps, the leakage rate can be adjusted, thereby simulating leak assessment, excavation, and sealing tests of oil pipelines under different leakage rates.

[0008] In some embodiments, the leakage test assembly includes a leakage test zone and a leakage test inlet gate valve. The leakage test zone contains multiple steel pipes of a predetermined length, arranged horizontally at a first interval. Each steel pipe has a pre-formed leakage hole of a first predetermined size, through which oil within each pipe simulates leakage and diffusion. The leakage test inlet gate valve is positioned between the plunger pump outlet check valve and the leakage test zone.

[0009] During the leak test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the leak test inlet gate valve is opened. Oil from the underground storage tank enters the leak test area through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the leak test inlet gate valve. After the leak test is completed, the centrifugal pump and the leak test inlet gate valve are closed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly includes a plugging test pipe section, a plugging test inlet gate valve, a plugging test nitrogen injection valve, and a plugging test drain valve. A leak hole of a second preset size is pre-fabricated on the plugging test pipe section. The plugging test inlet gate valve is located between the plunger pump outlet check valve and the plugging test pipe section. The plugging test nitrogen injection valve is located at the end of the plugging test pipe section furthest from the plugging test inlet gate valve. The first end of the plugging test drain valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plugging test pipe section and the plugging test inlet gate valve, and the second end of the drain valve is connected to the underground oil storage tank.

[0011] During the first sealing test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test is opened. Oil from the underground storage tank enters the first sealing test pipeline section through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test. After sealing the first sealing test pipeline section is completed, the plunger pump is turned on to increase the pressure within the first sealing test pipeline section to a preset pressure value.

[0012] After the first sealing test is completed, the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump, and the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test are closed, while the drain valve and the nitrogen injection valve of the first sealing test are opened, and the oil in the first sealing test pipeline flows back to the underground oil storage tank through the drain valve of the first sealing test.

[0013] In some embodiments, the test platform further includes a sealing test safety valve, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the sealing test drain valve and the sealing test pipe section, and the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the sealing test drain valve and the underground oil storage tank.

[0014] The safety valve of the sealing test is configured to open when the pressure in the sealing test section is greater than a preset pressure value, so as to allow the oil in the sealing test section to flow back to the underground oil storage tank.

[0015] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a second plugging test pipe section, a second plugging test inlet gate valve, a second plugging test nitrogen injection valve, and a second plugging test drain valve. A leak hole of a third preset size is pre-fabricated on the second plugging test pipe section. The second plugging test inlet gate valve is located between the plunger pump outlet check valve and the second plugging test pipe section. The second plugging test nitrogen injection valve is located at the end of the second plugging test pipe section furthest from the second plugging test inlet gate valve. The first end of the second plugging test drain valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second plugging test pipe section and the second plugging test inlet gate valve, and the second end of the second plugging test drain valve is connected to the underground oil storage tank.

[0016] During the second sealing test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test is opened. Oil from the underground storage tank passes through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test before entering the second sealing test pipeline section. After sealing the second sealing test pipeline section is completed, the plunger pump is turned on to increase the pressure within the second sealing test pipeline section to the preset pressure value.

[0017] After the second sealing test is completed, the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test are closed, while the drain valve and nitrogen injection valve of the second sealing test are opened, and the oil in the second sealing test pipeline returns to the underground oil storage tank through the drain valve of the second sealing test.

[0018] In some embodiments, the test platform further includes a second safety valve for plugging test, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second drain valve for plugging test and the second pipe section for plugging test, and the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second drain valve for plugging test and the underground oil storage tank.

[0019] The second safety valve of the plugging test is configured to open when the pressure in the second plugging test pipe section is greater than a preset pressure value, so as to allow the oil in the second plugging test pipe section to flow back to the underground oil storage tank.

[0020] In some embodiments, the excavation test assembly includes an excavation test pipe section, an excavation test inlet gate valve, an excavation test nitrogen injection valve, and an excavation test drain valve. A leakage hole of a fourth preset size is pre-fabricated on the excavation test pipe section. The excavation test inlet gate valve is located between the plunger pump outlet check valve and the excavation test pipe section. The excavation test nitrogen injection valve is located at the end of the excavation test pipe section furthest from the excavation test inlet gate valve. The first end of the excavation test drain valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test pipe section and the excavation test inlet gate valve, and the second end of the excavation test drain valve is connected to the underground oil storage tank.

[0021] During the excavation test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the excavation test inlet gate valve is opened. The oil in the underground oil storage tank enters the excavation test section through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the excavation test inlet gate valve.

[0022] After the excavation test is completed, the excavation test inlet gate valve, the centrifugal pump, and the plunger pump are closed, while the excavation test drain valve and the excavation test nitrogen injection valve are opened. The oil in the excavation test pipeline flows back to the underground oil storage tank through the excavation test drain valve.

[0023] In some embodiments, the test platform further includes an excavation test safety valve, the first end of which is connected to a connecting pipe section between the excavation test drain valve and the excavation test pipe section, and the second end of which is connected to a connecting pipe section between the excavation test drain valve and the underground oil storage tank.

[0024] The excavation test safety valve is configured to open when the pressure in the excavation test section is greater than a preset pressure value, so that the oil in the excavation test section flows back to the underground oil storage tank.

[0025] In some embodiments, the test platform further includes an impermeable membrane and an oil sludge pool. The impermeable membrane is disposed below the leak holes in the plugging test assembly and the excavation test assembly, and is configured to limit the spread of leaked oil. The oil sludge pool is disposed below the impermeable membrane and is configured to collect the leaked oil.

[0026] In some embodiments, a centrifugal pump inlet gate valve and a centrifugal pump inlet filter are provided at the inlet of the centrifugal pump, and a centrifugal pump outlet gate valve is provided at the outlet of the centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump inlet gate valve is closer to the underground oil storage tank than the centrifugal pump inlet filter, and the centrifugal pump inlet filter is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering the centrifugal pump.

[0027] The plunger pump is equipped with an inlet gate valve and an inlet filter, and an outlet gate valve. The inlet gate valve is closer to the underground oil storage tank than the inlet filter, and the inlet filter is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering the plunger pump. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an emergency response test platform for oil pipeline leaks according to some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a controller according to some embodiments.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100. Test platform; 600. Controller; 420. Oil storage device; 421. Unloading pipeline; 422. Loading pipeline; 423. Exhaust pipeline; 1. Tanker truck; 2. Quick coupling; 3. Unloading pipeline gate valve; 4. Unloading pipeline check valve; 5. Centrifugal pump check valve; 6. Plunger pump check valve; 7. Plunger pump outlet check valve; 8. Centrifugal pump inlet gate valve; 9. Centrifugal pump inlet filter; 10. Centrifugal pump; 11. Centrifugal pump outlet gate valve; 12. Plunger pump inlet gate valve; 13. Plunger pump inlet filter; 14. Plunger pump; 15. Plunger pump outlet gate valve; 16. Leakage test inlet gate valve; 17. Leakage test area; 171. First connecting pipe section; 172. Second connecting pipe section; 18. Sealing test inlet gate valve; 19. Sealing test one 20. Sewage valve; 21. Safety valve for plugging test 1; 22. Pipe section for plugging test 1; 23. Geomembrane for plugging test 1; 24. Oily sludge tank for plugging test 1; 25. Nitrogen injection valve for plugging test 2; 26. Sewage valve for plugging test 2; 27. Safety valve for plugging test 2; 28. Pipe section for plugging test 2; 29. ​​Geomembrane for plugging test 2; 30. Oily sludge tank for plugging test 2; 31. Nitrogen injection valve for plugging test 2; 32. Inlet gate valve for excavation test; 33. Sewage valve for excavation test; 34. Safety valve for excavation test; 35. Pipe section for excavation test; 36. Oily sludge tank for excavation test; 37. Geomembrane for excavation test; 38. Nitrogen injection valve for excavation test; 39. Quick coupling for loading; 40. Loading gate valve; 41. Flame arrester; 42. Underground oil storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned orientational descriptions can be flexibly set in practical applications, provided that the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings are satisfied.

[0035] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0039] In related technologies, there is a lack of practical testing and verification of emergency repair methods and equipment for oil pipeline leaks. Some testing platforms in these technologies can only be used to test a specific repair method or equipment, and cannot be applied to other repair methods or equipment, resulting in insufficient application scope.

[0040] Some of the experimental platforms in related technologies are virtual simulation experimental platforms. The accuracy and precision of virtual simulation experimental platforms depend on the precision of the model and the accuracy of the algorithm. Due to the complexity of actual systems, virtual models often cannot completely and accurately simulate all the details and nonlinear characteristics of the real world.

[0041] To address the aforementioned issues, some embodiments of this application provide a real-world simulation-based emergency response test platform 100 for oil pipeline leaks, hereinafter referred to as the test platform 100. The test platform 100 is used to test emergency repair equipment, technologies, methods, and solutions for oil pipelines, thereby verifying advanced repair or emergency maintenance technologies and equipment, which facilitates the development of online repair or emergency maintenance technologies and equipment for in-service pipelines.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the test platform 100 includes an oil storage device 420 configured to store oil products for supplying downstream test equipment (described below). Here, the oil products include crude oil and refined oil products.

[0043] In some embodiments, the oil storage device 420 includes an underground oil storage tank 42, which is configured to store oil products. The underground oil storage tank 42 can be located underground, which reduces the contact between the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 and air, improving the reliability of the underground oil storage tank 42. Furthermore, it saves surface space.

[0044] In some embodiments, an oil unloading pipeline 421 is provided on the underground oil storage tank 42. The first end of the oil unloading pipeline 421 is connected to the underground oil storage tank 42, and the second end of the oil unloading pipeline 421 can be connected to the tank truck 1. The tank truck 1 can transport oil to the underground oil storage tank 42 through the oil unloading pipeline 421.

[0045] In some embodiments, a quick connector 2 is provided at the second end of the unloading pipeline 421, and the unloading pipeline 421 can be connected to the tank truck 1 through the quick connector 2. For example, the tank truck 1 can be provided with an oil outlet connector, which is snapped into the quick connector 2 to achieve quick connection between the unloading pipeline 421 and the tank truck 1.

[0046] In this way, by setting up a quick connector, the oil tanker 1 can be connected to the underground oil storage tank 42 via the quick connector 2 through the unloading pipeline 421, which simplifies the connection steps between the unloading pipeline 421 and the oil tanker 1, thereby improving the unloading efficiency of the oil tanker 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, the oil storage device 420 further includes an oil unloading line gate valve 3, which is disposed between the first end of the oil unloading line 421 and the second end of the oil unloading line 421.

[0048] During the unloading process of oil tanker 1, the unloading gate valve of oil tanker 1 can be opened slowly first, and then the unloading pipeline gate valve 3 can be opened, so that the oil in oil tanker 1 flows to the underground storage tank 42 through the unloading pipeline gate valve 3 under the action of gravity or oil pump.

[0049] After the oil tanker truck 1 has finished unloading, the gate valve 3 of the unloading pipeline of the oil tanker truck 1 can be closed first. After the oil in the unloading pipeline flows into the underground oil storage tank 42, the gate valve 3 of the unloading pipeline can be closed then. This can prevent oil from leaking from the unloading pipeline, thereby avoiding waste of oil.

[0050] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The test platform 100 also includes a controller 600. The controller 600 can be a chip or a processor. For example, the processor can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the controller 600 can be a programmable device, including a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), an erasable programmable logic device (EPLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The chip can be an integrated circuit (IC).

[0051] In some embodiments, the controller 600 is coupled to the unloading line gate valve 3. The controller 600 is configured to control the opening and closing of the unloading line gate valve 3, which improves the convenience of the unloading process.

[0052] Of course, in some embodiments, the unloading pipeline gate valve 3 can also be manually opened and closed, thereby reducing costs.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The oil storage device 420 also includes an oil unloading pipeline check valve 4, which can be installed between the oil unloading pipeline gate valve 3 and the underground oil storage tank 42. The tanker truck 1 unloads oil into the underground oil storage tank 42 via the oil unloading pipeline gate valve 3 and the oil unloading pipeline check valve 4. The oil unloading pipeline check valve 4 prevents oil from flowing back into the tanker truck 1, thus avoiding oil waste.

[0054] In some embodiments, the oil storage device 420 further includes a loading pipeline 422, the first end of which is connected to the underground oil storage tank 42, and the second end of which is provided with a loading quick connector 39. The loading pipeline 422 is connected to the oil tanker 1 via the loading quick connector 39 to deliver oil to the oil tanker 1 via an oil pump.

[0055] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A loading gate valve 40 is provided between the first and second ends of the loading pipeline 422. The loading gate valve 40 can be coupled to the controller 600. During loading, the controller 600 controls the loading gate valve 40 to open, and after loading is completed, the controller 600 controls the loading gate valve 40 to close.

[0056] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the loading pipeline 422 and the unloading pipeline 421 may be the same pipeline. In this case, a check valve may not be installed on the pipeline. This arrangement simplifies the structure of the oil storage device 420 and reduces its production and installation costs.

[0057] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The underground oil storage tank 42 is also equipped with an exhaust pipeline, which is located at the top of the underground oil storage tank 42 and is configured to exhaust air during the process of oil intake or discharge from the underground oil storage tank 42, so as to keep the pressure inside the tank balanced with the external atmospheric pressure. The exhaust pipeline is also configured to discharge the gas generated by the evaporation of oil in the underground oil storage tank 42, so as to reduce the concentration of oil and gas inside the tank.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, a flame arrester 41 is installed on the exhaust pipeline. The flame arrester 41 is configured to prevent external flames from entering the underground oil storage tank 42 and causing dangerous situations such as explosions. The installation of the flame arrester 41 can improve the reliability of the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0059] In some embodiments, the quick connector 2, the gate valve 3, and the check valve 4 on the unloading pipeline, the quick connector 39 and the gate valve 40 on the loading pipeline 422, and the flame arrester 41 on the exhaust pipe can be installed on the ground, which facilitates the maintenance of the above components.

[0060] In some embodiments, the test platform 100 further includes an oil delivery device connected to an oil storage device 420 to deliver oil from the oil storage device 420 to a downstream test device.

[0061] In some embodiments, the oil transfer device includes a centrifugal pump 10, the inlet of which is connected to an underground oil storage tank 42 via a pipeline.

[0062] Centrifugal pump 10 is equipped with a centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 and a centrifugal pump inlet filter 9 at its inlet, and a centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 at its outlet. The centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 is closer to the underground oil storage tank 42 than the centrifugal pump inlet filter 9. For example, in the path of pumping oil to centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 can be located upstream of the centrifugal pump inlet filter 9. The centrifugal pump inlet filter 9 is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering centrifugal pump 10. Thus, by filtering the oil entering centrifugal pump 10, not only are impurities in the oil reduced, but the service life of centrifugal pump 10 is also extended.

[0063] In some embodiments, the oil transfer device further includes a plunger pump 14, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a centrifugal pump 10 via a pipeline. For example, the inlet of the plunger pump is connected to the outlet gate valve 11 of the centrifugal pump via a pipeline.

[0064] A plunger pump 14 is equipped with a plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 and a plunger pump inlet filter 13 at its inlet, and a plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 at its outlet. For example, in the path of pumping oil to the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 can be located upstream of the plunger pump inlet filter 13. The plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 is closer to the underground oil storage tank 42 than the plunger pump inlet filter 13, which is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering the plunger pump 14. In this way, by filtering the oil entering the plunger pump 14, not only can impurities in the oil be reduced, but the service life of the plunger pump 14 can also be extended.

[0065] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 Centrifugal pump 10, plunger pump 14, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are respectively coupled to controller 600. Controller 600 is configured to control the opening and closing of centrifugal pump 10, plunger pump 14, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15.

[0066] In some embodiments, the controller 600 is further configured to adjust the rotational speed of the centrifugal pump 10 and the rotational speed of the motor of the plunger pump 14 or the stroke of the plunger to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the oil delivered to the downstream test apparatus in order to regulate the leakage of the downstream test platform.

[0067] During the startup phase of centrifugal pump 10, the inlet gate valve 8 can be opened first, allowing oil from the underground storage tank 42 to flow into centrifugal pump 10 via the inlet gate valve 8 and the inlet filter 9. Then, centrifugal pump 10 is started. After startup, the outlet gate valve 11 is slowly opened, gradually increasing the flow rate and pressure of the oil in the pipeline to preset values. At this point, the oil in the pipeline can enter downstream pipelines, such as downstream testing equipment or plunger pump 14, via the outlet gate valve 11.

[0068] When shutting down centrifugal pump 10, first slowly close the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 to gradually reduce the flow rate and pressure of centrifugal pump 10. Then, shut down centrifugal pump 10. After centrifugal pump 10 is shut down, close the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 to prevent oil in the pipeline from continuing to flow into centrifugal pump 10.

[0069] Similarly, during the startup phase of the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 can be opened first, allowing upstream oil to enter the plunger pump 14 through the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 and fill the plunger pump's suction chamber. Then, the plunger pump 14 is started. After the plunger pump 14 has started and is running stably, the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 is slowly opened, allowing the oil in the plunger pump 14 to flow to the downstream test device through the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15.

[0070] When shutting down plunger pump 14, first slowly close the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 to gradually reduce the current of the plunger pump 14 motor. Then, shut down plunger pump 14. After plunger pump 14 is shut down, close the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 to prevent oil from the pipeline from continuing to flow into plunger pump 14.

[0071] Understandably, centrifugal pump 10, which uses centrifugal force to give liquid kinetic energy and pressure, is suitable for high-flow, low-pressure applications. Plunger pump 14, which uses the reciprocating motion of the plunger to compress liquid and achieve suction and discharge, can generate higher pressure; therefore, plunger pump 14 is suitable for low-flow, high-pressure applications. Thus, centrifugal pump 10 and plunger pump 14 can have different operating methods under different testing requirements.

[0072] For example, if only oil needs to be supplied to the pipeline of the downstream test unit (without pressurization), the centrifugal pump 10 can be turned on while the plunger pump 14 remains closed. The centrifugal pump 10 draws in oil through the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 and the centrifugal pump inlet filter 9, and then injects the pressurized oil into the downstream test unit through the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 via the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11.

[0073] When pressurization is required in the pipeline of the downstream test unit, centrifugal pump 10 and plunger pump 14 can be turned on. Centrifugal pump 10 draws in oil through centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 and centrifugal pump inlet filter 9. The initially pressurized oil is then injected into plunger pump 14 through centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump inlet filter 13. Plunger pump 14 then injects the further pressurized oil into the downstream test unit through plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 and plunger pump outlet check valve 7. In this way, the requirements of both high flow rate and high pressure can be met.

[0074] In some embodiments, the oil transfer device further includes a centrifugal pump check valve 5, which is disposed between the inlet and outlet of the centrifugal pump 10 to prevent backflow of oil pressurized by the centrifugal pump 10.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5 is connected to the connecting pipe section between the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8 and the underground oil storage tank 42, and the second end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5 is connected to the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11. When the centrifugal pump 10 is on, the pressure at the second end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5 will be greater than the pressure at the first end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5. The centrifugal pump check valve 5 closes under pressure to prevent the oil at the second end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5 from flowing back to the first end of the centrifugal pump check valve 5, that is, to prevent the oil pressurized by the centrifugal pump 10 from flowing back to the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0076] Understandably, when the centrifugal pump check valve 5 is closed, the connecting pipeline between the underground oil storage tank 42 and the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 is disconnected. That is, the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 will not reach the downstream of the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 via the centrifugal pump check valve 5, but will reach the downstream of the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 via the pipeline section where the centrifugal pump 10 is located.

[0077] In some embodiments, the oil delivery device further includes a plunger pump check valve 6, which is disposed between the inlet and outlet of the plunger pump 14 to prevent backflow of oil after being pressurized by the plunger pump 14.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the plunger pump check valve 6 is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12 and the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, and the second end of the plunger pump check valve 6 is connected to the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15. When the plunger pump 14 is open, the pressure at the second end of the plunger pump check valve 6 will be greater than the pressure at the first end of the plunger pump check valve 6. The plunger pump check valve 6 closes under pressure to prevent the oil at the second end of the plunger pump check valve 6 from flowing back to the first end of the plunger pump check valve 6, that is, to prevent the oil pressurized by the plunger pump 14 from flowing back to the centrifugal pump 10 or the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0079] Understandably, when the plunger pump check valve 6 is closed, the connecting pipeline between the underground oil storage tank 42 and the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, as well as the connecting pipeline between the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 and the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, is disconnected. That is, the oil from the underground oil storage tank 42 and the centrifugal pump 10 outlet will not pass through the plunger pump check valve 6 to reach the downstream of the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, but will instead reach the downstream of the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 via the pipeline section where the plunger pump 14 is located.

[0080] In some embodiments, the oil delivery device further includes a plunger pump outlet check valve 7, which is located downstream of the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 and is connected to a downstream test device to prevent backflow of oil entering the downstream test device.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 and the plunger pump check valve 6, and the second end of the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 is connected to the downstream test device. When the plunger pump 14 and the centrifugal pump 10 are closed, the pressure at the second end of the plunger pump check valve 6 may be greater than the pressure at the first end of the plunger pump check valve 6. At this time, the plunger pump check valve 6 closes under pressure to prevent oil from flowing back from the downstream test device to the plunger pump 15, the centrifugal pump 10, or the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0082] It should be noted that the oil delivery device can be installed on the ground, which facilitates the maintenance or replacement of centrifugal pump 10, plunger pump 14, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump inlet filter 9, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, plunger pump inlet filter 13, plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, centrifugal pump check valve 5, plunger pump check valve 6, and plunger pump outlet check valve 7.

[0083] In some embodiments, the test platform 100 further includes a downstream test apparatus, which includes at least one of a leakage test assembly, a plugging test assembly, and an excavation test assembly.

[0084] In some embodiments, the leakage test assembly includes a leakage test inlet gate valve 16 and a leakage test zone 17. The leakage test inlet gate valve 16 is connected to the plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and the leakage test inlet gate valve 16 and the leakage test zone 17 are connected through an oil pipeline.

[0085] In some embodiments, multiple steel pipes of a preset length are arranged in the leakage test area 17. The multiple steel pipes are arranged horizontally at a preset interval. Each of the multiple steel pipes has a leak hole of a first preset size. The oil in each steel pipe is simulated to leak and diffuse through the leak hole on the pipe.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first ends of multiple steel pipes are interconnected, and the second ends of multiple steel pipes are interconnected. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the leak test zone 17 also includes a first connecting pipe section 171 and a second connecting pipe section 172. The first end of each steel pipe is connected to the first connecting pipe section 171, thereby connecting to the leak test inlet gate valve 16. The second end of each steel pipe is connected to the second connecting pipe section 172. In this way, multiple steel pipes can be interconnected through the first connecting pipe section 171 and the second connecting pipe section 172, allowing oil to fill each steel pipe in the leak test zone 17.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, the leakage test zone 17 includes 5 steel pipes. Of course, the number of steel pipes in the leakage test zone 17 can also be 3, 4, 6, 7, etc. The number of steel pipes can be set according to the test requirements, and this disclosure does not limit the number of steel pipes in the leakage test zone 17.

[0088] Of course, in some embodiments, the leakage test zone 17 may include a steel pipe. One end of the steel pipe is connected to the leakage test inlet gate valve 16, and the other end of the steel pipe may be a closed end. One or more leakage holes may be provided on the steel pipe to simulate oil leakage. This saves on the steel pipe material required for the test, reduces oil loss, and saves on test costs.

[0089] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of each steel pipe in the leakage test zone 17 may be the same. For example, the multiple steel pipes in the leakage test zone 17 may all be DN50 steel pipes with a nominal diameter (DN) of 50 (the outer diameter of a DN50 steel pipe is approximately 60.3 mm). Of course, the outer diameter of the steel pipes may also be 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, etc.

[0090] Of course, in some embodiments, the outer diameter of each steel pipe within the leakage test zone 17 may also be different. For example, the diameters of each steel pipe within the leakage test zone 17 may be different, or the outer diameters of some steel pipes within the leakage test zone may differ from those of other steel pipes; for example, the outer diameter of some steel pipes may be 50 mm, while the outer diameter of other steel pipes may be 60 mm. The outer diameter of the steel pipes can be set according to the test requirements, and this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0091] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the steel pipes within the leakage test zone 17 can be any value within the range of [3.5mm, 4.5mm]. For example, the wall thickness of the steel pipes can be 3.5mm, 3.8mm, 4.0mm, 4.2mm, 4.5mm, etc. The wall thicknesses of multiple steel pipes within the leakage test zone 17 can be the same or different.

[0092] In some embodiments, the lengths of the multiple steel pipes may be the same or different. For example, the length of the multiple steel pipes in the leakage test zone 17 may all be 30m. Of course, the length of each steel pipe may also be 20m, 40m, 50m, 60m, etc. The length of the steel pipes can be set according to the test requirements, and this disclosure does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0093] In some embodiments, the preset spacing between the multiple steel pipes can be the same or different. For example, the preset spacing between the multiple steel pipes is 5m. Of course, the preset spacing can also be 10m, 15m, 20m, etc. The preset spacing can be set according to the test requirements, and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0094] In some embodiments, the diffusion range of oil within a fixed time period can be estimated based on the size of the leak hole and the leakage rate of the oil, thereby determining the value of the preset spacing. For example, if the oil diffusion forms a leak zone, assuming the oil leak zone is circular, then the distance between two adjacent pipes needs to be greater than the diameter of the largest leak zone. This ensures that the oil leak zones on different pipes are spaced apart, which is beneficial for accurately monitoring the oil diffusion pattern.

[0095] In some embodiments, one or more leakage holes may be provided on each steel pipe. This disclosure does not limit the number of leakage holes provided on each steel pipe. When multiple leakage holes are provided on a steel pipe, the multiple leakage holes can be arranged at equal intervals, for example, multiple leakage holes can be arranged at intervals of 5m, 6m, 8m, or 10m on the same steel pipe.

[0096] In some embodiments, the location of the leakage hole on different steel pipes can be the same. For example, if a leakage hole is provided on each steel pipe, the leakage hole on each steel pipe can be located at the middle position of the corresponding steel pipe. In this case, the distance between the leakage hole on each steel pipe and the first end of the corresponding steel pipe is equal.

[0097] In some embodiments, the location of the leakage hole on different steel pipes may also be different. For example, if a leakage hole is provided on each steel pipe, the distance between the leakage hole on each steel pipe and the first end of the corresponding steel pipe is different. For example, the distance between the leakage hole on each steel pipe and the first end of the corresponding steel pipe may be 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 25m, etc.

[0098] In some embodiments, the location of the leak hole on different steel pipes can be randomly set, which is beneficial for verifying the accuracy of the leak detection method or equipment for oil pipelines.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first preset size can be any value in the range of [1mm, 5mm]. For example, the size of the leakage hole can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc.

[0100] It should be noted that the leakage hole can be circular, a regular polygon, an irregular shape, etc. The first preset size can be the maximum radial size of the leakage hole.

[0101] In some embodiments, the sizes of the leak holes within the leak test zone 17 can be the same or different. That is, the sizes of the leak holes on different steel pipes can be the same or different. The sizes of the leak holes on the same steel pipe can be the same or different.

[0102] In some embodiments, the leak test zone 17 can be located underground. This allows for the simulation of a real pipeline environment.

[0103] In some embodiments, the burial depth of the leak hole on the steel pipe in the leak test area 17 can be set to any value in [-0.35m, -0.5m]. For example, the burial depth of the leak hole can be -0.3m, -0.35m, -0.40m, -0.45m, -0.50m, etc., where the burial depth of the leak hole refers to the distance between the center point of the leak hole and the ground.

[0104] In some embodiments, the soil type around the steel pipe in the leak test area 17 can be sandy soil, clay, loam, gravelly soil, etc., so as to test the influence of different soil types on the oil diffusion pattern.

[0105] In some embodiments, leaks can be formed by corrosion or by external forces. Leaks can also be formed by defects in the pipe body or by weld defects. For example, pipe body defects may include material inhomogeneity or impurities in the pipe material. Weld defects may include incomplete penetration at the weld root, slag inclusion in the weld metal, or porosity in the weld.

[0106] It is understandable that aging oil pipelines may be affected by corrosion and external forces, resulting in corrosion defects, cracks, wear defects, or deformation defects. The pipelines themselves may also have defects in the pipe body and welds, leading to different types of leaks such as cracks, pits, and pinholes, causing oil leaks. Therefore, by simulating leaks of different causes and types, the leakage and diffusion patterns of oil under different defect types can be simulated.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, five DN50 steel pipes, each 30m long, are installed in the leakage test area 17. The pipes are arranged horizontally with a spacing of 5m. The wall thickness of each pipe can be 3.5mm. Each pipe has a pre-drilled leakage hole of 1-5mm in diameter, and the burial depth of the leakage hole can be -0.35m. Oil flows out of the pipe through the leakage hole on the DN50 pipe to simulate oil leakage and diffusion.

[0108] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The leakage test inlet gate valve 16 is coupled to a controller 600, which is configured to control the opening and closing of the leakage test inlet gate valve 16. The leakage test inlet gate valve 16 can be installed above ground for easy maintenance or replacement.

[0109] Reference Figure 1 During the leak test, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, and centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 are open; plunger pump 14, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are closed; and leak test inlet gate valve 16 is open. Oil from the underground storage tank 42 enters the leak test area 17 through centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump inlet filter 9, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump check valve 6, plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and leak test inlet gate valve 16. The oil in the steel pipe of the leak test area 17 diffuses through the leak holes to simulate an oil leak.

[0110] After the leakage test is completed, close the centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, and the leakage test inlet gate valve 16.

[0111] In some embodiments, the leak testing assembly can be used for testing emergency repair methods and devices such as leak location detection, diffusion status assessment, and adjacent pipeline detection and assessment.

[0112] In summary, during leak tests, various parameters such as the number of steel pipes, pipe length, outer diameter, wall thickness, spacing between pipes, soil type around the pipes, number of leak holes, location of leak holes, size of leak holes, burial depth of leak holes, and type of leak holes can be adjusted to simulate oil leak scenarios under different real-world conditions. This allows for leak detection and diffusion assessment of oil pipelines. By adjusting different parameters, the test platform 100 can simulate various oil leak scenarios, thus expanding its applicability.

[0113] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly includes a plugging test inlet gate valve 18 and a plugging test pipe section 21, wherein the plugging test inlet gate valve 18 is disposed between the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 and the plugging test pipe section 21.

[0114] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the inlet gate valve 18 of the sealing test is connected to the outlet check valve 7 of the plunger pump through a pipeline, and the second end of the inlet gate valve 18 of the sealing test is connected to the pipe section 21 of the sealing test through a pipeline.

[0115] In some embodiments, the sealing test section 21 can be a DN600 steel pipe. The wall thickness of the sealing test section 21 can be 7.1 mm, 10.5 mm, or greater.

[0116] In some embodiments, a leak hole of a second preset size is pre-fabricated on the sealing test section 21. Oil leakage is simulated by opening the sealing test inlet gate valve 18, which facilitates subsequent sealing tests. For example, the second preset size can be 100 mm.

[0117] In some embodiments, the sealing test section 21 can be located underground, and the burial depth of the leakage hole on the sealing test section 21 can be any value in [-1m, -1.5m].

[0118] In some embodiments, the leak holes on the sealing test pipe section 21 can be formed by corrosion or by external interference. The leak holes can also be formed by defects in the pipe body or by weld defects. This results in different types of leak holes.

[0119] In some embodiments, a sealing test geomembrane 22 is provided below the leak hole on the sealing test section 21, and the sealing test geomembrane 22 can limit the diffusion range of the leaked oil.

[0120] In some embodiments, a sealing test oil sludge pool 23 is provided below the sealing test geomembrane 22, and the sealing test oil sludge pool 23 is used to collect leaked oil. For example, the sealing test geomembrane 22 can be laid on the inner surface of the sealing test oil sludge pool 23.

[0121] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a plugging test nitrogen injection valve 24, which is located at the end of the plugging test pipe section 21 away from the plugging test inlet gate valve 18.

[0122] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a plugging test drain valve 19, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plugging test pipe section 21 and the plugging test inlet gate valve 18, and the second end of which is connected to the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0123] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a plugging test safety valve 20, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plugging test drain valve 19 and the plugging test pipe section 21, and the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plugging test drain valve 19 and the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0124] The safety valve 20 for the plugging test is configured to open when the pressure in the plugging test section 21 exceeds a preset pressure value, so that the oil in the plugging test section 21 flows back to the underground oil storage tank 42. For example, the preset pressure value can be 8 MPa.

[0125] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The plugging test inlet gate valve 18, the plugging test drain valve 19, the plugging test safety valve 20, and the plugging test nitrogen injection valve 24 are coupled to the controller 600, which is configured to control the opening and closing of the plugging test inlet gate valve 18, the plugging test drain valve 19, the plugging test safety valve 20, and the plugging test nitrogen injection valve 24.

[0126] In some embodiments, the plugging test inlet gate valve 18, the plugging test drain valve 19, the plugging test safety valve 20, and the plugging test nitrogen injection valve 24 can be installed on the ground for easy maintenance or replacement.

[0127] During the first sealing test, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, and centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 are opened, while plunger pump 14, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are closed. The sealing test inlet gate valve 18 is opened, and the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 enters the sealing test section 21 through centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump check valve 6, plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and sealing test inlet gate valve 18.

[0128] After the sealing test section 21 is completed, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are opened to increase the pressure in the sealing test section to a preset pressure value, thereby testing the sealing effect of the sealing test section 21. For example, the preset pressure value can be 8 MPa. At this time, the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 enters the sealing test section 21 through the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, the centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, the plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and the sealing test inlet gate valve 18.

[0129] After the first plugging test is completed, the centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, and the plugging test inlet gate valve 18 are closed. The plugging test drain valve 19 and the plugging test nitrogen injection valve 24 are opened, and the oil in the plugging test section 21 flows back to the underground oil storage tank 42 through the plugging test drain valve 19. In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly also includes a plugging test second inlet gate valve 25 and a plugging test second section 28, with the plugging test second inlet gate valve 25 located between the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 and the plugging test second section 28.

[0130] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end of the inlet gate valve 25 of the second sealing test is connected to the outlet check valve 7 of the plunger pump through a pipeline, and the second section of the inlet gate valve 25 of the second sealing test is connected to the pipe section 28 of the second sealing test through a pipeline.

[0131] In some embodiments, the second pipe section 28 for the plugging test can be a DN600 steel pipe. The wall thickness of the second pipe section 28 for the plugging test can be 7.1 mm, 10.5 mm, or greater.

[0132] In some embodiments, a leak hole of a third preset size is prefabricated on the second sealing test pipe section 28. Oil leakage is simulated by opening the inlet gate valve 25 of the second sealing test, which facilitates subsequent sealing tests. For example, the third preset size can be 15 mm.

[0133] In some embodiments, the second pipe section 28 of the sealing test is located underground, and the burial depth of the leakage hole on the second pipe section 28 of the sealing test can be any value in [-1m, -1.5m].

[0134] In some embodiments, the leak holes on the second pipe section 28 of the sealing test can be formed by corrosion or by external interference. The leak holes can also be formed by defects in the pipe body or by weld defects. This results in different types of leak holes.

[0135] In some embodiments, a second sealing test geomembrane 29 is provided below the leak hole on the second sealing test pipe section 28, and the second sealing test geomembrane 29 can limit the diffusion range of the leaked oil.

[0136] In some embodiments, a second oily waste tank 30 is disposed below the second sealing test geomembrane 29, and the second sealing test oily waste tank 30 is used to collect leaked oil. For example, the second sealing test geomembrane 29 can be laid on the inner surface of the second sealing test oily waste tank 30.

[0137] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The plugging test assembly also includes a second nitrogen injection valve 31 for the second plugging test, which is located at the end of the second plugging test pipe section 28 that is far from the inlet gate valve 25 of the second plugging test.

[0138] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a second plugging test drain valve 26, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second plugging test pipe section 28 and the second plugging test inlet gate valve 25, and the second end of which is connected to the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0139] In some embodiments, the plugging test assembly further includes a second plugging test safety valve 27, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second plugging test drain valve 26 and the second plugging test pipe section 28, and the first end of the second plugging test safety valve 27 is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second plugging test drain valve 26 and the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0140] The safety valve 27 for the second sealing test is configured to open when the pressure in the second sealing test pipe section 28 exceeds a preset pressure value, so that the oil in the second sealing test pipe section 28 flows back to the underground oil storage tank 42. For example, the preset pressure value can be 8 MPa.

[0141] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The inlet gate valve 25, the drain valve 26, the safety valve 27, and the nitrogen injection valve 31 of the second sealing test are coupled to the controller 600. The controller 600 is configured to control the opening and closing of the inlet gate valve 25, the drain valve 26, the safety valve 27, and the nitrogen injection valve 31 of the second sealing test.

[0142] In some embodiments, the inlet gate valve 25, the drain valve 26, the safety valve 27, and the nitrogen injection valve 31 of the second sealing test can be installed on the ground for easy maintenance or replacement.

[0143] Reference Figure 1 During the second sealing test, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, and centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 are opened, while plunger pump 14, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are closed. The sealing test second inlet gate valve 25 is opened, and the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 enters the sealing test second pipeline section 28 through centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump check valve 6, plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and sealing test second inlet gate valve 25.

[0144] After the sealing test section 28 is completed, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are opened to increase the pressure within the sealing test section 28 to a preset pressure value, thereby testing the sealing effect of the sealing test section 28. For example, the preset pressure value can be 8 MPa. At this time, the oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 enters the sealing test section 28 through the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, the centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, the plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and the sealing test test inlet gate valve 25.

[0145] After the second sealing test is completed, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump 14, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 and sealing test second inlet gate valve 25 are closed, sealing test second drain valve 26 and sealing test second nitrogen injection valve 31 are opened, and the oil in the sealing test second pipeline section 28 returns to the underground oil storage tank 42 through sealing test second drain valve 26.

[0146] In some embodiments, sealing test one and sealing test two can be conducted simultaneously. This allows for a control test. For example, it tests the effectiveness and sealing efficiency of different emergency repair methods or devices. In this case, the size, burial depth, or type of the leakage hole in pipe section 21 of sealing test one and pipe section 28 of sealing test two can be the same.

[0147] Alternatively, the size, burial depth, or type of the leakage hole in the first test pipe section 21 and the second test pipe section 28 can be set to be different, so as to test the effectiveness and sealing efficiency of the same emergency repair method or repair device for different leakage hole sizes, burial depths, or types.

[0148] In some embodiments, one of the plugging test one and the plugging test two can be selected for the plugging test. This verifies the effectiveness and plugging efficiency of a specific repair method or device in a specific oil pipeline leakage scenario. Of course, the plugging test assembly can also include more control tests.

[0149] In summary, the plugging test assembly, by setting up a DN600 oil pipeline, simulates a real-world leak test scenario for a high-pressure, large-diameter oil pipeline, thereby verifying the reliability of the high-pressure leak plugging equipment and the effectiveness of the operation plan.

[0150] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The excavation test assembly includes an excavation test inlet gate valve 32 and an excavation test pipe section 35. The excavation test inlet gate valve 32 is located between the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 and the excavation test pipe section 35. For example, the first end of the excavation test inlet gate valve 32 is connected to the plunger pump outlet check valve 7 via a pipe, and the second end of the excavation test inlet gate valve 32 is connected to the excavation test pipe section 35 via a pipe.

[0151] In some embodiments, the excavation test section 35 can be a DN600 steel pipe. The wall thickness of the excavation test section 35 can be 7.1 mm, 10.5 mm, or greater.

[0152] In some embodiments, a leak hole of a fourth preset size is prefabricated on the excavated test section 35. By opening the inlet gate valve 32, an oil leak is simulated, which facilitates subsequent excavation tests. For example, the fourth preset size can be 15 mm.

[0153] In some embodiments, the excavation test section 35 can be located underground, and the burial depth of the leakage hole on the sealing test section 28 can be any value in [-1m, -1.5m].

[0154] In some embodiments, an excavation test geomembrane 37 is provided below the leak hole on the excavation test section 35, which can limit the spread of leaked oil.

[0155] In some embodiments, an excavation test oil sludge pond 36 is disposed below the excavation test geomembrane 37 for collecting leaked oil. For example, the excavation test geomembrane 37 may be laid on the inner surface of the excavation test oil sludge pond 36.

[0156] In some embodiments, the excavation test assembly further includes an excavation test nitrogen injection valve 38, which is disposed at one end of the excavation test inlet gate valve 32 away from the excavation test pipe section 35.

[0157] In some embodiments, the excavation test assembly further includes an excavation test drain valve 33, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test pipe section 35 and the excavation test inlet gate valve 32, and the second end of which is connected to the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0158] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned excavation test assembly further includes an excavation test safety valve 34, the first end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test drain valve 33 and the excavation test pipe section 35, and the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test drain valve 33 and the underground oil storage tank 42.

[0159] The excavation test safety valve 34 is configured to open when the pressure in the excavation test section 35 exceeds a preset pressure value, so as to allow the oil in the excavation test section 35 to flow back to the underground oil storage tank 42. For example, the preset pressure value can be 8 MPa.

[0160] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The excavation test inlet gate valve 32, excavation test drain valve 33, excavation test safety valve 34, and excavation test nitrogen injection valve 38 are coupled to the controller 600, which is configured to control the opening and closing of the excavation test inlet gate valve 32, excavation test drain valve 33, excavation test safety valve 34, and excavation test nitrogen injection valve 38.

[0161] The excavation test inlet gate valve 32, excavation test drain valve 33, excavation test safety valve 34, and excavation test nitrogen injection valve 38 can be installed on the ground for easy maintenance or replacement.

[0162] Reference Figure 1During the excavation test, the excavation test inlet gate valve 32 is open, the centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, and centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11 are open, and the plunger pump 14, plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, and plunger pump outlet gate valve 15 are closed. The excavation test inlet valve 32 is then open. The oil in the underground oil storage tank 42 enters the excavation test section 35 through the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, centrifugal pump 10, centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, plunger pump check valve 6, plunger pump outlet check valve 7, and excavation test inlet gate valve 32.

[0163] After the excavation test is completed, the centrifugal pump 10, the centrifugal pump inlet gate valve 8, the centrifugal pump outlet gate valve 11, the plunger pump 14, the plunger pump inlet gate valve 12, the plunger pump outlet gate valve 15, and the sealing test inlet gate valve 18 are closed, as is the excavation test inlet gate valve 32. The excavation test drain valve 33 and the excavation test nitrogen injection valve 38 are opened, and the oil in the excavation test pipe section 35 flows back to the underground oil storage tank 42 through the excavation test drain valve 33.

[0164] In some embodiments, during excavation tests, leak holes may not be provided. Instead, a leak ignition and repair point may be assumed to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the excavation method or apparatus, thereby saving testing costs. Of course, providing leak holes allows for a better simulation of the real excavation environment.

[0165] In summary, the excavation test assembly, by setting up a DN600 oil pipeline, simulates a real-world leakage test scenario of a high-pressure, large-diameter oil pipeline, thereby verifying the reliability of the remote automated excavation equipment and the effectiveness of the operation plan.

[0166] It should be noted that the aforementioned leakage test, sealing test, and excavation test can be conducted simultaneously, or one of them can be selected for testing. The sealing test section 21, the sealing test section 28, and the excavation test section 35 can be replaced according to testing requirements to adjust parameters such as the wall thickness and the size of the leakage hole. This facilitates expanding the applicability of the test platform 100, enabling the testing and verification of various emergency repair methods and devices.

[0167] Some embodiments of this application construct a realistic leak test scenario for a high-pressure, large-diameter oil pipeline, establishing the first domestic test platform 100 for verifying oil pipeline emergency repair technologies and equipment. The test platform 100 is used to verify the reliability and effectiveness of leak location detection, diffusion pattern assessment, adjacent pipeline detection and assessment, remote automated excavation equipment, and high-pressure leak sealing equipment under different leak conditions. By setting up centrifugal pumps 10 and plunger pumps 14, the leakage rate is adjusted, thereby simulating leak pattern assessment, excavation, and leak sealing tests of the oil pipeline under different leakage rates. Furthermore, by setting different defects in the pipe body and welds, the leak sealing effect is verified, which is conducive to the formation of targeted emergency response procedures and specific technical requirements for oil pipeline leaks.

[0168] In summary, the test platform 100 in some embodiments of this application has a reasonable structural design, and the test platform 100 can verify the effectiveness and applicability of emergency repair technologies, equipment, and solutions for large-diameter oil pipelines. By carrying out platform construction based on a real oil leak environment, a pilot-scale platform for efficient handling of oil pipeline emergencies through "air-ground" joint collaboration can be built, which can effectively verify the reliability of emergency repair methods and equipment such as detection, assessment, excavation, and sealing of oil pipelines under leak conditions. Therefore, based on the online pipeline operating environment of the pilot-scale platform, not only can the emergency repair operations and processes for different defect types, different leakage amounts, different pipeline wall thicknesses, and different leak locations be verified, but the reliability of emergency repair methods and equipment can also be verified. This allows for further improvement of relevant emergency repair solutions and technical indicators under different leak conditions.

[0169] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0170] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A real-world simulation-based emergency response test platform for oil pipeline leaks, characterized in that, include: The underground oil storage tanks are configured to store oil products; A centrifugal pump, the inlet of which is connected to the underground oil storage tank; a centrifugal pump check valve is provided between the outlet of the centrifugal pump and the inlet of the centrifugal pump; A plunger pump, wherein the inlet of the plunger pump is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal pump; a plunger pump outlet check valve is provided downstream of the outlet of the plunger pump; and a plunger pump check valve is provided between the outlet of the plunger pump and the inlet of the plunger pump. A downstream testing device, which is connected to the outlet check valve of the plunger pump; the downstream testing device includes at least one of a leakage testing component, a plugging testing component, or an excavation testing component.

2. The test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leakage test assembly includes: The leakage test area is provided with multiple steel pipes of a preset length. The multiple steel pipes are arranged horizontally at a first interval. Each of the multiple steel pipes has a leakage hole of a first preset size. The oil in each steel pipe is simulated to leak and diffuse through the leakage hole. A leakage test inlet gate valve is installed between the plunger pump outlet check valve and the leakage test area; During the leakage test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the leakage test inlet gate valve is opened. The oil in the underground oil storage tank enters the leakage test area through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the leakage test inlet gate valve. After the leakage test is completed, the centrifugal pump and the leakage test inlet gate valve are turned off.

3. The test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plugging test assembly includes: A pipe section for plugging test, wherein a leak hole of a second preset size is pre-made on the pipe section for plugging test; A gate valve for the plugging test is installed between the outlet check valve of the plunger pump and the pipe section for the plugging test. The nitrogen injection valve for the plugging test is located at the end of the plugging test pipe section furthest from the inlet gate valve of the plugging test. A plugging test drain valve is provided, wherein the first end of the plugging test drain valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the plugging test pipe section and the plugging test inlet gate valve, and the second end of the plugging test drain valve is connected to the underground oil storage tank. During the first sealing test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test is opened, and the oil in the underground oil storage tank enters the first sealing test pipeline section through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test. After the sealing test section is completed, the plunger pump is turned on to increase the pressure in the sealing test section to a preset pressure value. After the first sealing test is completed, the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump, and the inlet gate valve of the first sealing test are closed, while the drain valve and the nitrogen injection valve of the first sealing test are opened, and the oil in the first sealing test pipeline flows back to the underground oil storage tank through the drain valve of the first sealing test.

4. The test platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The test platform also includes: A sealing test safety valve is provided, wherein the first end of the sealing test safety valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the sealing test drain valve and the sealing test pipe section, and the second end of the sealing test safety valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the sealing test drain valve and the underground oil storage tank. The safety valve of the sealing test is configured to open when the pressure in the sealing test section is greater than a preset pressure value, so as to allow the oil in the sealing test section to flow back to the underground oil storage tank.

5. The test platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plugging test assembly also includes: The second pipe section for sealing test is prefabricated with a leakage hole of a third preset size; The inlet gate valve for the second sealing test is located between the outlet check valve of the plunger pump and the second sealing test pipe section. The nitrogen injection valve for the second sealing test is located at the end of the second sealing test pipe section away from the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test. The second drain valve for the sealing test is connected to the connecting pipe section between the second pipe section for the sealing test and the inlet gate valve for the second pipe section for the sealing test, and the second drain valve for the second pipe section for the sealing test is connected to the underground oil storage tank. During the second sealing test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test is opened. The oil in the underground oil storage tank passes through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test, and enters the second sealing test pipeline section. After the sealing test section 2 is completed, the plunger pump is turned on to increase the pressure in the sealing test section 2 to the preset pressure value. After the second sealing test is completed, the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump, and the inlet gate valve of the second sealing test are closed, while the drain valve and nitrogen injection valve of the second sealing test are opened, and the oil in the second sealing test pipeline returns to the underground oil storage tank through the drain valve of the second sealing test.

6. The test platform according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test platform also includes: The second safety valve for plugging test is connected at its first end to the connecting pipe section between the second drain valve for plugging test and the second pipe section for plugging test, and at its first end to the connecting pipe section between the second drain valve for plugging test and the underground oil storage tank. The second safety valve of the sealing test is configured to open when the pressure in the second sealing test pipe section is greater than a preset pressure value, so as to allow the oil in the second sealing test pipe section to flow back to the underground oil storage tank.

7. The test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excavation test assembly includes: Excavate a test section, on which a leakage hole of a fourth preset size is prefabricated; An inlet gate valve for the excavation test is installed between the outlet check valve of the plunger pump and the excavation test pipe section; The nitrogen injection valve for the excavation test is located at the end of the excavation test pipe section furthest from the excavation test inlet gate valve; The excavation test drain valve has a first end connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test pipe section and the excavation test inlet gate valve, and a second end connected to the underground oil storage tank. During the excavation test, the centrifugal pump is turned on, the plunger pump is turned off, the excavation test inlet gate valve is turned on, and the oil in the underground oil storage tank enters the excavation test section through the centrifugal pump, the plunger pump check valve, the plunger pump outlet check valve, and the excavation test inlet gate valve. After the excavation test is completed, the excavation test inlet gate valve, the centrifugal pump, and the plunger pump are closed, while the excavation test drain valve and the excavation test nitrogen injection valve are opened. The oil in the excavation test pipeline flows back to the underground oil storage tank through the excavation test drain valve.

8. The test platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The test platform also includes: An excavation test safety valve, wherein the first end of the excavation test safety valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test sewage valve and the excavation test pipe section, and the second end of the excavation test safety valve is connected to the connecting pipe section between the excavation test sewage valve and the underground oil storage tank; The excavation test safety valve is configured to open when the pressure in the excavation test section is greater than a preset pressure value, so that the oil in the excavation test section flows back to the underground oil storage tank.

9. The test platform according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that, The test platform also includes: An impermeable membrane, disposed below the leak holes in the plugging test assembly and the excavation test assembly, is configured to limit the spread of leaked oil; and An oil sludge tank is located below the impermeable membrane and is configured to collect the leaked oil.

10. The test platform according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The centrifugal pump is equipped with a centrifugal pump inlet gate valve and a centrifugal pump inlet filter at the inlet, and a centrifugal pump outlet gate valve at the outlet. The centrifugal pump inlet gate valve is closer to the underground oil storage tank than the centrifugal pump inlet filter. The centrifugal pump inlet filter is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering the centrifugal pump. The plunger pump is equipped with a plunger pump inlet gate valve and a plunger pump inlet filter at the inlet, and a plunger pump outlet gate valve at the outlet. The plunger pump inlet gate valve is closer to the underground oil storage tank than the plunger pump inlet filter, and the plunger pump inlet filter is configured to filter impurities in the oil entering the plunger pump.

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