Air flow distribution independently adjustable single head combustion chamber test device

Abstract

Provided is a single-head combustion chamber test device, comprising a casing, a flame tube assembly, a rear measuring section, and independent first and second air supply channels, the casing comprising an air inlet, an outlet, and a chamber; the flame tube assembly is located in the chamber and comprises a flame tube casing, a flame tube wall, and an annular gap between the flame tube casing and the flame tube wall, the flame tube wall being provided with an air inlet hole; the rear measuring section is located downstream of the casing; the first air supply channel is in communication with the air inlet, and the second air supply channel is in communication with the annular gap, and the device controls the air flow distribution by the supply amount of the first and second air supply channels. The single-head combustion chamber test device described above can independently adjust the air flow distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing, and more specifically to the field of combustion testing devices. Background Technology

[0002] The airflow distribution in different parts of the combustion chamber is a crucial parameter in combustion chamber design. However, obtaining accurate experimental values ​​for the airflow distribution in each part is often difficult with a single inlet intake. How to independently and precisely control the airflow distribution in each part during single-head combustion tests is a problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a single-head combustion chamber test device with independently adjustable airflow distribution.

[0004] The single-head combustion chamber test apparatus for achieving the above objectives includes a casing, a flame tube assembly, a rear measuring section, and independent first and second air supply lines. The casing includes an air inlet, an outlet, and a chamber. The flame tube assembly is located within the chamber and includes a flame tube casing, a flame tube wall, and an annular gap between the flame tube casing and the flame tube wall. The flame tube wall has an air inlet. The rear measuring section is located downstream of the casing. The first air supply line communicates with the air inlet, and the second air supply line communicates with the annular gap. The apparatus controls the airflow distribution by controlling the supply amounts of the first and second air supply lines.

[0005] In one or more embodiments, the flame tube assembly includes an intake flange at the tail end, the rear measuring section includes a first docking flange, the casing includes a second docking flange, and the intake flange is located between the first docking flange and the second docking flange.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the intake flange is provided with an intake passage communicating with the annular gap.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the periphery of the intake flange is further provided with an intake seat that communicates with the intake passage.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, a plurality of air intake seats and the air intake passage are circumferentially distributed.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the flame tube assembly further includes a floating sleeve for levitatingly connecting the flame tube wall to the flame tube housing.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the floating sleeve includes a tapered shrink ring, a fixed sleeve, and a base, the base extending through the flame tube housing, the fixed sleeve being provided at the top of the base, the fixed sleeve and the top of the base defining a groove for receiving the tapered shrink ring.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the casing is provided with an ignition nozzle and / or a spark plug.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the flame tube wall includes a first flame tube wall and a second flame tube wall, the first flame tube wall and the second flame tube wall are welded together, and the weld has a radial gap with the inner wall surface of the air inlet flange.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the second wall of the flame tube is radially clearance fitted with the rear measuring section.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the second wall of the flame tube and the rear measuring section have an axially mating section, the length of which ranges from 1 to 3 mm.

[0015] The aforementioned single-head combustion chamber test device with independently adjustable airflow distribution allows air to be supplied through independent first and second air supply lines. Part of the air enters the outer casing through the first air supply line and the air inlet, while the other part enters through the second air supply line and the annular gap, forming the cooling air for the flame tube. By controlling the supply amount of the first and second air supply lines separately, the airflow distribution can be precisely controlled. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a single-head combustion chamber test device;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a 3D view of the flame tube assembly;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the flame tube assembly;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the floating sleeve;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second walls of the flame tube.

[0022] Symbol marking explanation

[0023] 1. Casing

[0024] 2 nozzles

[0025] 3 Ignition nozzles

[0026] 4. Flame tube assembly

[0027] 5. Post-measurement section

[0028] 11 Air Inlet

[0029] 12 Second mating flange

[0030] 14 chambers

[0031] 41 Inlet flange

[0032] 42 Air intake seat

[0033] 43 Test lead socket

[0034] 44 Flame tube housing

[0035] 45 Floating Sleeve

[0036] 46 Flame tube wall

[0037] 47 Annular gap

[0038] 48 air intake holes

[0039] 49 Head Adapter Section

[0040] 51 First mating flange

[0041] 101 First gas supply line

[0042] 102 Second gas supply line

[0043] 410 Intake Channel

[0044] 451 Conical Shrink Clip

[0045] 452 Fixing Sleeve

[0046] 453 Base

[0047] 461 Flame tube first wall

[0048] 462 Second wall of the flame tube Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual application situations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0050] It should be noted that these and other accompanying drawings are merely examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] An aircraft engine consists of a fan, compressor, combustion chamber, turbine, and exhaust nozzle. The fan draws air into the engine and performs initial compression. The compressor's multi-stage blades further compress the air to a high-pressure state. This high-pressure air mixes with fuel in the combustion chamber and burns, producing high-temperature, high-pressure gas that drives the turbine to perform work. The exhaust nozzle expels the gas, generating thrust.

[0052] Combustion chamber testing is essential in the design process of aero-engines. During the development of combustor components, single-head testing is typically used to screen head designs and study the patterns of changes in key design parameters. Single-head combustor test equipment can simulate the key characteristics of component designs, testing the ignition and flameout performance, combustion efficiency, and emissions of different combustor head designs. This allows for the selection of one or more head designs that meet emission standards, have high combustion efficiency, and superior ignition and flameout performance, serving as the basis for component design optimization and providing data support for sector-shaped and full-ring test specimens.

[0053] In existing single-head combustion chambers, air enters uniformly from the casing inlet and is further distributed. A portion of the air enters from the head, directly mixing with the fuel and participating in the combustion reaction. The flow rate of this portion of air needs precise control to ensure complete combustion at the appropriate air-fuel ratio. The other portion of air serves as cooling air, forming a cooling film on the combustion chamber wall through special channels and structures, such as film cooling and impact cooling. This film carries away the heat generated by combustion, protecting the combustion chamber wall.

[0054] The hardware shape and opening area of ​​the test piece determine the flow distribution. If you want to change the flow distribution, you must replace the corresponding hardware. For example, if you want to change the flow distribution of the flame tube, you must replace the corresponding flame tube hardware, which greatly increases the cost and cycle of test piece production.

[0055] Based on this, this disclosure proposes a single-head combustion chamber test device that can achieve precise distribution of airflow.

[0056] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a single-head combustion chamber test device is shown. The single-head test device includes a casing 1, a nozzle 2, an ignition nozzle 3, a flame tube assembly 4, and a rear measuring section 5.

[0057] The casing 1 includes an air inlet 11, an outlet, and a chamber 14, within which the flame tube assembly 4 is located. The flame tube assembly 4 includes... Figure 3 The flame tube housing 44, flame tube wall 46, and an annular gap 47 located between the flame tube housing 44 and the flame tube wall 46 are shown. An air inlet 48 is provided on the flame tube wall 46.

[0058] Nozzle 2 is fixed to housing 1 by bolts. Electric nozzle 3 is also installed on outer housing 1 and flush with the flame tube wall. Flame tube assembly 4 is connected to housing 1 and rear measuring section 5 by bolts.

[0059] Specifically, the rear measuring section 5 includes a first docking flange 51, the casing 1 includes a second docking flange 12, and the flame tube assembly 4 includes an air intake flange 41 located at the tail end. The air intake flange 41 is located between the first docking flange 51 and the second docking flange 12 and is connected together by bolts.

[0060] The single-head combustion chamber test device also includes an independent first air supply path 101 and a second air supply path 102. The first air supply path 101 is connected to the air inlet 11, and the second air supply path 102 is connected to the annular gap 47. The device controls the air flow distribution by controlling the supply amount of the first air supply path 101 and the second air supply path 102, so as to realize independent air intake for the combustion chamber head and the flame tube cooling and precise distribution of different air flow rates.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, air enters the flame tube through two parts: part A is the head air, which enters the outer casing through the first supply air path and air inlet; the other part B is the flame tube cooling air, which enters the flame tube through the second supply air path and annular gap. Thus, this device can rationally divide and control the flow rate of the incoming air according to different functions and requirements.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first gas supply path 101 and the second gas supply path 102 are provided with independent control valves and are signal-connected to the control component. The control component monitors and adjusts the flow rate of the first gas supply path 101 and the second gas supply path 102 in real time to achieve precise real-time control. This significantly improves the reliability of the combustion chamber head scheme performance screening test results, and effectively carries out regularity research on key design parameters, such as head equivalence ratio and flow distribution, to support scheme optimization.

[0063] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Further shown are three-dimensional and sectional views of the flame tube assembly 4. The inlet flange 41 has an inlet channel 410 communicating with the annular gap 47. An inlet seat 42 communicating with the inlet channel 410 is also provided around the periphery of the inlet flange 41. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, four inlet seats 42 are evenly distributed around the circumference and welded to the inlet flange 41. Two test lead holders 43 are positioned circumferentially between the inlet seats 42, and are used to test the test leads of the static pressure tube and the temperature measuring thermocouple.

[0064] Air enters the annular gap 47 formed by the flame tube casing 44 and the flame tube wall 46 evenly through multiple circumferentially distributed air inlets 42, and then enters the interior of the flame tube through the air inlet 48 on the flame tube wall 46.

[0065] The flame tube housing 44, the flame tube wall 46, and the head adapter section 49 are fixed together by bolts, and the flame tube housing 44 is fixed to the air intake flange 41 by bolts.

[0066] The flame tube assembly 4 also includes a floating sleeve 45 for floatingly connecting the flame tube wall 46 to the flame tube housing 44 to compensate for thermal expansion and reduce thermal stress.

[0067] like Figure 4 The enlarged view of the floating sleeve shown indicates that the floating sleeve 45 includes a conical shrink-fit ring 451, a fixed sleeve 452, and a base 453. The fixed sleeve 452 and the base 453 are welded together. The conical shrink-fit ring 451 has a certain amount of floating in all directions. The floating sleeve 45 is welded to the flame tube housing 44. The flame tube wall 46 is formed by welding together the first flame tube wall 461 and the second flame tube wall 462.

[0068] The base 453 passes through the flame tube housing 44, and the top of the base 453 is provided with a fixing sleeve 452, which defines a groove for receiving a conical shrink ring 451.

[0069] In some embodiments, the gap between the floating sleeve base 453 and the flame tube wall 46 varies from 0.1 to 0.4 mm. Both the base 453 and the fixed sleeve 452 are provided with cooling holes, the diameter of which varies from 0.5 to 1 mm. The number of cooling holes on both the base 453 and the fixed sleeve 452 varies from 10 to 40.

[0070] Continue to refer to Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, the flame tube wall 46 includes a first flame tube wall 461 and a second flame tube wall 462 in the axial direction. The first flame tube wall 461 and the second flame tube wall 462 are welded together, and the weld F has a radial clearance Y with the inner wall surface of the air inlet flange 41. In some embodiments, the radial clearance Y is controlled to be between 1 and 3 mm.

[0071] The second wall of the flame tube 462 is radially clearance fitted with the rear measuring section 5, and has an axial fitting section X, the range of which is 1 to 3 mm.

[0072] The above-mentioned single-head combustion chamber test device has the following advantages:

[0073] (1) Air is supplied through independent first and second air supply lines. Part of the air enters the outer casing through the first air supply line and the air inlet, and the other part enters through the second air supply line and the annular gap to form the flame tube cooling air. By controlling the supply amount of the first and second air supply lines separately, the air flow distribution can be precisely controlled.

[0074] (2) Cooling holes are provided on both the base and the fixed sleeve of the floating sleeve to effectively cool the floating sleeve.

[0075] (3) By accurately allocating the flow rate in a structure without sudden expansion loss, the experimental results are closer to the real data.

[0076] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define the components in the above content is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0077] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0078] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0079] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-head combustion chamber test device with independently adjustable airflow distribution, characterized in that, include: The casing includes an air inlet, an outlet, and a chamber; A flame tube assembly, located within the chamber, includes a flame tube housing, a flame tube wall, and an annular gap between the flame tube housing and the flame tube wall. An air inlet is provided on the flame tube wall. The rear measuring section is located downstream of the casing; as well as The device has independent first and second air supply lines, with the first air supply line connected to the air inlet and the second air supply line connected to the annular gap. The device controls the airflow distribution by controlling the supply amount of the first and second air supply lines.

2. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flame tube assembly includes an air intake flange located at the rear, the rear measuring section includes a first docking flange, the casing includes a second docking flange, and the air intake flange is located between the first docking flange and the second docking flange.

3. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The intake flange is provided with an intake channel that communicates with the annular gap.

4. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The periphery of the air intake flange is also provided with an air intake seat that communicates with the air intake channel.

5. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple air intake seats and the circumferential distribution of the air intake channels.

6. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The flame tube assembly also includes a floating sleeve for levitating the flame tube wall to the flame tube housing.

7. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The floating sleeve includes a tapered shrink ring, a fixed sleeve, and a base. The base extends through the flame tube housing, and the fixed sleeve is provided on the top of the base. The fixed sleeve and the top of the base define a groove for accommodating the tapered shrink ring.

8. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The casing is equipped with an ignition nozzle and / or a spark plug.

9. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The flame tube wall includes a first flame tube wall and a second flame tube wall. The first flame tube wall and the second flame tube wall are welded together, and the weld has a radial gap with the inner wall surface of the air inlet flange.

10. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The second wall of the flame tube is radially clearance fitted with the rear measuring section.

11. The combustion chamber testing apparatus as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The second wall of the flame tube and the rear measuring section have an axially mating section, the length of which ranges from 1 to 3 mm.

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