Impact testing apparatus

Abstract

An impact testing apparatus includes a counterweight device configured to move downward in a vertical direction under the influence of gravity, an impact device configured to move upward in the vertical direction driven by the counterweight device, and a pulley mechanism having an input end connected to the counterweight device and an output end connected to the impact device so as to convert downward movement of the counterweight device in the vertical direction under the influence of gravity to upward movement of the impact device in the vertical direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to the field of vehicle engineering, and more specifically, to an impact testing apparatus for conducting bottom-up impact tests on a battery pack mounted on a vehicle chassis from below. Background Technology

[0002] In the current era of rapid development in the electric vehicle industry, the battery pack, as a core component of electric vehicles, directly affects the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle and the safety of the lives and property of passengers. During actual vehicle operation, the battery pack faces complex impacts from various scenarios, among which the threat of impacts from the bottom of the vehicle is particularly prominent.

[0003] Road conditions vary widely. When a vehicle is in motion, the battery pack may be subjected to impacts from road bumps, flying stones, or strong vibrations when passing through areas with poor road conditions. Past impact tests on battery packs have focused on simulating frontal and side collisions. On the one hand, some testing equipment cannot simulate real-world impact conditions, leading to significant discrepancies between test results and actual situations. On the other hand, some testing equipment is cumbersome to operate, has long testing cycles, and is costly, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale testing by automobile manufacturers.

[0004] These defects mean that battery packs, once on the market, may fail due to their inability to withstand bottom impacts during actual operation, leading to serious safety incidents such as casing cracking, internal short circuits, or even fires. This not only poses significant safety hazards to consumers but also hinders the healthy development of the electric vehicle industry. Therefore, developing a device capable of conducting bottom-up impact tests on battery packs mounted on the vehicle chassis from below, accurately simulating actual operating conditions, and providing a reliable basis for evaluating the safety performance of battery packs, is of paramount practical importance for promoting technological progress and market expansion in the electric vehicle industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the purposes of this application is to provide an impact testing device that can overcome at least one defect in the prior art.

[0006] One object of this application is to provide an impact testing apparatus capable of performing bottom-up impact tests on a battery pack mounted on a vehicle chassis from below.

[0007] Another objective of this application is to provide an impact testing apparatus capable of providing accurate desired impact energy.

[0008] According to a first aspect of this application, an impact testing apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0009] A counterweight device configured to move vertically downwards under the influence of gravity;

[0010] An impact device configured to be driven by the counterweight to move vertically upward; and

[0011] A pulley mechanism is provided, with its input end connected to the counterweight device and its output end connected to the impact device, so as to convert the downward vertical movement of the counterweight device under the action of gravity into the upward vertical movement of the impact device.

[0012] By converting the downward vertical movement of the counterweight device into the upward vertical movement of the impact device, a bottom-up impact test can be performed on the battery pack mounted on the vehicle chassis from below. On one hand, with the change in the direction of movement, the space under the vehicle can be fully utilized for the movement of the impact head, making full use of this space. On the other hand, the impact energy source uses a counterweight device similar to a hammer, which is simple in structure, low in cost, and yet achieves good impact results.

[0013] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the pulley mechanism includes a fixed pulley, a movable pulley, and a first rope, with a first end of the first rope connected to the impact device, a second end of the first rope fixedly disposed, and the movable pulley connected to the counterweight device.

[0014] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the impact device includes an impact head assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly being connected to the output end of the pulley mechanism, the impact head assembly being releasably supported on the lifting assembly, such that during operation, the impact head assembly performs an upward movement propelled by the lifting assembly and an upward movement after separation from the lifting assembly.

[0015] The impact head assembly uses a segmented upward movement during impact testing, which allows it to obtain an undisturbed impact velocity before the impact head hits the test object, thereby impacting the test object with the accurate expected impact energy.

[0016] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the impact head assembly includes a carrier and an impact head fixed to the carrier, the carrier being releasably supported on the lifting assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the impact device further includes a guiding assembly comprising a guide rail extending in a vertical direction, to which the carrier is connected and capable of moving vertically along the guide rail. The guiding assembly facilitates the vertical movement of the impact head and reduces external interference with its vertical movement.

[0018] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the guiding assembly includes a buffer configured to buffer the upward vertical movement of the impact head assembly, and the impact head assembly includes a buffer member configured to buffer the downward vertical movement of the impact head assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the lifting assembly includes a lifting mechanism and a lifting guide rail extending in a vertical direction. The lifting mechanism is coupled to the output end of the pulley mechanism and can releasably support the impact head assembly. The lifting mechanism is coupled to the lifting guide rail and can move vertically along the lifting guide rail.

[0020] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the lifting assembly includes a buffer configured to cushion the upward movement of the lifting mechanism in the vertical direction.

[0021] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting member and an elastic member. The lifting member is movable between an extended position and a retracted position. In the extended position, the lifting member contacts and supports the impact head assembly. In the retracted position, the lifting member does not contact the impact head assembly, and the elastic member biases the lifting member toward the retracted position. By moving the lifting member between the extended and retracted positions, the lifting mechanism pushes the impact head assembly upward during the vertical upward movement of the impact device. After impacting the test object, the downward movement of the impact head assembly is not interfered with by the lifting mechanism, avoiding collision between components and preventing damage to the equipment.

[0022] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the lifting mechanism has an outlet for the lifting member to extend and retract, the outlet having a flange around its periphery, and the lifting mechanism further includes an elastic member block, the elastic member being disposed between the flange and the elastic member block, the lifting member being connected to the elastic member block.

[0023] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the lifting member is pivotally connected to the elastic member block. The lifting member is provided with a protrusion that, in the extended position, when the impact head assembly is supported on the lifting member, abuts against the flange outside the outlet to prevent the lifting member from moving to the retracted position. When the impact head assembly is released from the lifting member, the biasing force of the elastic member causes the protrusion to pass over the flange, thereby moving the lifting member from the extended position to the retracted position.

[0024] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the counterweight is connected to a connecting mechanism and configured to be lifted and released via locking and unlocking of the connecting mechanism. Releasing the counterweight by unlocking the connecting mechanism allows for rapid disconnection of the counterweight connection, releasing the counterweight without interfering with its downward vertical movement, thereby enabling accurate impact energy and obtaining precise test results.

[0025] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the connecting mechanism includes a sleeve, a center rod, and an adapter, the adapter being fixed to the counterweight device, the center rod being disposed in the sleeve and configured to move relative to the sleeve between a release position and a locking position, in which the sleeve can be inserted into and removed from the adapter, and in which the sleeve can be locked relative to the adapter in the locking position.

[0026] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the connection mechanism further includes a locking member received in a locking hole of the sleeve, the locking member being configured to interact with the adapter in a locked position to lock the sleeve relative to the adapter, and to release the interaction with the adapter in a released position to allow the sleeve to be removed from the adapter.

[0027] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, a locking portion is formed in the adapter, and a locking recess is formed on the center rod. In the locked position, the locking member is pressed against the locking portion by the center rod to lock the sleeve relative to the adapter. In the released position, the locking member is pressed against the locking recess by the adapter to release the locking of the sleeve relative to the adapter.

[0028] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, an elastic element is provided between the sleeve and the center rod, the elastic element being configured to bias the center rod toward the release position.

[0029] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, a limiting groove is formed on the center rod, which limits the range of motion of the center rod between the released position and the locked position.

[0030] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the impact device further includes a stop assembly comprising a locking pin configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein in the extended position the locking pin is capable of contacting and supporting the impact head assembly, and in the retracted position the locking pin does not interact with the impact head assembly.

[0031] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the counterweight device further includes a stop assembly comprising a locking pin configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein in the extended position the locking pin is capable of contacting and supporting the counterweight device, and in the retracted position the locking pin does not interact with the counterweight device.

[0032] The stop assembly supports the impact head assembly and the counterweight device, which is used to lift the impact head assembly and the counterweight device off the ground to facilitate the movement of the impact testing equipment.

[0033] In some embodiments of the impact testing apparatus, the impact testing apparatus is provided with an upper limit sensor, which is configured to limit the upper limit height to which the counterweight device can be lifted.

[0034] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the impact testing equipment is provided with a setting sensor, which is configured to set the height to which the counterweight device is lifted based on the impact energy required for the impact test.

[0035] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the equipment is equipped with a guide rail configured to guide the counterweight device in a vertical direction. The vertical movement of the counterweight device along the guide rail does not interfere with its downward vertical movement, thereby enabling accurate impact energy and obtaining precise test results.

[0036] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the equipment is equipped with a power unit configured to lift the counterweight. The power unit facilitates smooth lifting of the counterweight and enables automated lifting operations.

[0037] In some embodiments of the impact testing equipment, the power unit includes a dual-output shaft motor. The dual-output shaft motor provides a smooth power output, allowing the counterweight to be lifted more smoothly.

[0038] According to the impact testing equipment of this application, by converting the vertical downward movement of the counterweight device into the vertical upward movement of the impact head, the space under the vehicle can be fully utilized, while also taking full advantage of the hammer impact mode, which is very suitable for impact testing. By employing a quick-disconnect connection mechanism and segmented impact head movement, impact tests can be performed with accurate expected impact energy, resulting in precise test results. Attached Figure Description

[0039] A better understanding of various aspects of this application will be achieved by reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a front view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the base assembly of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the column of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the crossbeam of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the crossbeam of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the counterweight device of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the counterweight device of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a partial perspective view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a partial front view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the impact head assembly and guide assembly of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the lifting assembly of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting mechanism of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting mechanism of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 16 This is a partial perspective view of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 17 This is a perspective view of the base assembly and power unit of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection mechanism 7 of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 19 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection mechanism 7 of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 20 This is an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 21 This is an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 22 This is an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 23 This is an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application; and

[0063] Figure 24 This is an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application.

[0064] List of reference numerals

[0065] Base assembly 1; base 10; mounting component 12; roller 14; bracket 16; first side component 102; second side component 104; third side component 106; fourth side component 108; first mounting block 122; second mounting block 124; third mounting block 126; fourth mounting block 128; transverse component 162; support component 164;

[0066] Frame assembly 2; First column 22; Second column 24; Crossbeam 26; Front surface 221; Rear surface 222; Outer surface 223; Inner surface 224; Front surface 241; Rear surface 242; Outer surface 243; Inner surface 244; First guide rail 226; Second guide rail 246; Scale 23;

[0067] Counterweight device 3; counterweight block 32; first plate 34; guide assembly 35; second plate 36; stop assembly 38; guide rod 322; support part 342; detection part 344; base 352; guide wheel 354; adjusting element 356; buffer member 362; locking pin 382; operating handle 384;

[0068] Pulley mechanism 4; First fixed pulley 42; First rope 44; Movable pulley 46; First end 442; Second end 444; Pulley bracket 462;

[0069] Impact device 5; Impact head assembly 52; Guide assembly 54; Lifting assembly 56; Stop assembly 57; Lifting assembly 58; Impact head 524; Bearing member 522; Buffer member 526; Guide rail 542; Base 544; Buffer 546; Through hole 548; Lifting guide rail 562; Buffer 564; Locking pin 572; Operating handle 574; Lifting member 582; Housing 584; Elastic member pressure block 586; Elastic member 588; Protrusion 5822; Receiving chamber 5842; Outlet 5844; Flange 5846; Operating lever 5862;

[0070] Power unit 6; motor 62; second fixed pulley 64; second rope 66;

[0071] Connecting mechanism 7; main body 70; sleeve 72; center rod 74; adapter 76; push rod 78; center through hole 702; protrusion 704; fastener 722; sleeve hole 724; first stop part 724; locking hole 728; upper section 72A; lower section 72B; upper section 74A; lower section 74B; second stop part 742; elastic element 744; limiting groove 746; locking recess 748; connecting hole 762; locking part 764; locking component 766; bracket 782;

[0072] Upper limit sensor 82; setting sensor 84; lower sensor 86; first counting sensor 88A; second counting sensor 88B; first trigger block 882; second trigger block 884. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present application. However, it should be understood that the present application can be presented in many different ways and is not limited to the embodiments described below; in fact, the embodiments described below are intended to make the disclosure of the present application more complete and to fully illustrate the scope of protection of the present application to those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide more additional embodiments.

[0074] It should be understood that the same reference numerals denote the same elements in all the accompanying drawings. For clarity, the dimensions of certain features may be modified in the drawings.

[0075] It should be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application. All terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. For the sake of brevity and / or clarity, well-known functions or structures may not be described in detail.

[0076] Unless otherwise specified, the singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this specification include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “containing” used in this specification indicate the presence of the claimed feature but do not exclude the presence of one or more other features. The term “and / or” used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. The terms “between X and Y” and “between approximately X and Y” used in this specification should be interpreted as including both X and Y. The term “between approximately X and Y” used in this specification means “between approximately X and approximately Y,” and the term “from approximately X to Y” used in this specification means “from approximately X to approximately Y.”

[0077] In the specification, when an element is described as being "on," "attached," "connected," "coupled," or "in contact" with another element, the element can be directly located on, attached to, connected to, coupled to, or in contact with the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly" located on, directly attached to, directly connected to, directly coupled to, or directly in contact with another element, no intermediate elements are present. In the specification, a feature arranged "adjacent" to another feature can mean that a feature has a portion overlapping with the adjacent feature or a portion located above or below the adjacent feature.

[0078] In the specification, spatial relation terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "high," and "low" describe the relationship between one feature and another in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relation terms include not only the orientation shown in the drawings but also the different orientations of the device during use or operation. For example, when the device in the drawings is inverted, a feature previously described as "below" other features can now be described as "above" other features. The device can also be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), in which case the relative spatial relationships will be explained accordingly.

[0079] In the current era of rapid development in the electric vehicle industry, the battery pack, as a core component of electric vehicles, directly affects the safety and reliability of the entire vehicle and the safety of the lives and property of passengers. During actual vehicle operation, the battery pack faces complex impacts from various scenarios, among which the threat of impacts from the bottom of the vehicle is particularly prominent.

[0080] Road conditions vary widely. When a vehicle is in motion, the battery pack may be subjected to impacts from road bumps, flying stones, or strong vibrations when passing through areas with poor road conditions. Past impact tests on battery packs have focused on simulating frontal and side collisions. On the one hand, some testing equipment cannot simulate real-world impact conditions, leading to significant discrepancies between test results and actual situations. On the other hand, some testing equipment is cumbersome to operate, has long testing cycles, and is costly, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale testing by automobile manufacturers.

[0081] These defects mean that battery packs, once on the market, may fail due to their inability to withstand bottom impacts during actual operation, leading to serious safety incidents such as casing cracking, internal short circuits, or even fires. This not only poses significant safety hazards to consumers but also hinders the healthy development of the electric vehicle industry. Therefore, developing a device capable of conducting bottom-up impact tests on battery packs mounted on the vehicle chassis from below, accurately simulating actual operating conditions, and providing a reliable basis for evaluating the safety performance of battery packs, is of paramount practical importance for promoting technological progress and market expansion in the electric vehicle industry.

[0082] When considering a device for conducting bottom-up impact tests on a battery pack mounted on a vehicle chassis from below, the inventors noticed that the space under the vehicle is very limited. Even if the vehicle is raised to a high place, such as on a test bench, the space under the vehicle is still very limited. This is because, for safe operation and ease of observation, the vehicle cannot be raised too high.

[0083] For impact testing equipment using linear motors, in actual operation, the vehicle's lifting height is typically less than two meters. In this case, according to test specifications, the impact head of the equipment should reach a speed of at least 5.5 m / s over a distance of less than 1.5 meters. To achieve this speed, the linear motor's power must exceed 4 kW. Therefore, during acceleration and deceleration, the impact force will be substantial due to the equipment's weight and high acceleration. Furthermore, using a linear motor vertically increases control complexity, while using it horizontally results in a very large equipment size. Additionally, this solution is relatively expensive.

[0084] For impact testing equipment employing a pneumatic mechanism, pressure energy is first stored in a sealed container using a pump. Then, the pressure is suddenly released, and the expanding air propels the impact head vertically upwards, impacting the high-voltage battery (HVB). ​​The velocity at which the impact head reaches the battery pack depends on the air expansion rate or the intensity of the explosion. This means that the air expansion rate or explosion intensity needs to be controlled and calibrated. This is the crux of the challenge in this solution. Furthermore, the equipment generates significant vibrations during expansion or explosion, which also increases the difficulty of calibration and affects its accuracy.

[0085] Drop hammer impact testing is very simple to operate. Because it is primarily affected by gravity, it is easy to control and offers high precision. However, drop hammer impact testing is typically a top-down impact, and those skilled in the art would find it difficult to conceive of using it in situations requiring a bottom-up impact test on a battery pack mounted on the vehicle chassis from below. This application, by changing the approach, borrows the concept of using gravity as a power source from drop hammer impact testing, and achieves a bottom-up impact by altering the direction of the impact head's movement caused by gravity.

[0086] The impact testing equipment according to this application is particularly suitable for performing bottom-up impact tests on battery packs mounted on the vehicle chassis from below. It uses gravity (provided by a counterweight) as a power source and converts the downward movement of the counterweight device into the upward movement of the impact device through a pulley mechanism to achieve the bottom-up impact action.

[0087] The impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0088] like Figures 1 to 3The diagram shows a perspective view, a front view, and an exploded perspective view of an impact testing device according to some embodiments of this application. The impact testing device according to some embodiments of this application mainly includes a counterweight device 3, a pulley mechanism 4, and an impact device 5. The counterweight device 3 is connected to the pulley mechanism 4, and the impact device 5 is also connected to the pulley mechanism 4. During operation, the counterweight device 3 moves downwards vertically under its own gravity, for example, by falling downwards. The downward movement of the counterweight device 3 is converted into the upward vertical movement of the impact device 5 via the pulley mechanism 4, thereby achieving an upward impact action.

[0089] By converting the downward vertical movement of the counterweight device into the upward vertical movement of the impact device, a bottom-up impact test can be performed on the battery pack mounted on the vehicle chassis from below. On one hand, with the change in the direction of movement, the space under the vehicle can be fully utilized for the movement of the impact head, making full use of this space. On the other hand, the impact energy source uses a counterweight device similar to a hammer, which is simple in structure, low in cost, and yet achieves good impact results.

[0090] A frame structure can be provided to support the counterweight device 3, the pulley mechanism 4, and the impact device 5. In this document, for the sake of clarity and ease of description, the frame structure is described in two parts: the base assembly 1 and the frame assembly 2. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the base assembly 1 and the frame assembly 2 can be an integral structure or separate structures, which together constitute the frame structure for supporting the counterweight device 3, the pulley mechanism 4, and the impact device 5.

[0091] like Figure 4 The illustration shows a perspective view of a base assembly 1 according to some embodiments of this application. The main body of the base assembly 1 may include a base 10, which, in the illustrated embodiment, is composed of four side members: a first side member 102, a second side member 104, a third side member 106, and a fourth side member 108, forming a quadrilateral structure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the base 10 can take any other suitable shape and construction; for example, the base 10 can be triangular, other polygonal, circular, elliptical, or irregular in shape. The number of side members can be selected according to the actual application and design requirements. The base 10 can also be, for example, plate-like or other constructions known in the art suitable for use as a base. Hereinafter, reference is made to the illustrated embodiments, but it should be understood that the illustrated embodiments are merely exemplary and not limiting. In the illustrated embodiments, the first side member 102 is opposite to the second side member 104, and the third side member 106 is opposite to the fourth side member 108. The four side members can be made of rigid materials, such as metals, iron, steel, aluminum alloys, etc.

[0092] Mounting members 12 can be fixed to the base 10 for mounting some components of the impact testing equipment onto the base 10. The number of mounting members 12 and their positions on the base 10 can be selected according to the actual application and design requirements. In the illustrated embodiment, mounting members 12 are provided on all four side members 108. A first mounting block 122 is fixed to the first side member 102, a second mounting block 124 is fixed to the second side member 104, a third mounting block 126 is fixed to the third side member 106, and a fourth mounting block 128 is fixed to the fourth side member 108. The mounting blocks can be located at approximately the center of the upper surface of the side member, or at other positions.

[0093] The base 10 may also be equipped with rollers 14, allowing the base 10 to move freely on the ground, facilitating the movement of the impact testing equipment and its positioning during operation. In the illustrated embodiment, four rollers 14 are provided below the base 10, respectively arranged at the junction of two adjacent side members. It should be understood that the number and position of the rollers 14 can be selected according to the actual application and design requirements. The rollers 14 can be casters, allowing the base 10 to move freely in all directions. In some embodiments, the base 10 is vertically adjustable relative to the rollers 14. When it is necessary to move the impact testing equipment, the base 10 is raised relative to the rollers 14, so that the rollers 14 touch the ground for easy movement. When the impact testing equipment is positioned for operation, the base 10 can be lowered relative to the rollers 14 to support it on the ground, with the rollers 14 off the ground, and the base 10 maintains stable support relative to the ground, facilitating impact testing.

[0094] like Figures 5 to 7 The diagram shows perspective views of the columns and beams of the frame assembly 2 according to this application. The frame assembly 2 can be fixedly mounted to the base assembly 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the frame assembly 2 may include a first column 22, a second column 24, and a beam 26. The first column 22 can be fixed to a first side member 102 of the base 10 via a first mounting block 122, and the second column 24 can be fixed to a second side member 104 of the base 10 via a second mounting block 124, such that both the first column 22 and the second column 24 extend substantially vertically. The two ends of the beam 26 are fixed to the tops of the first column 22 and the second column 24, respectively, thus forming a U-shaped structure for the frame assembly 2. It should be understood that the frame assembly 2 can also employ any other suitable frame structure known in the art.

[0095] The first column 22 and the second column 24 can have any suitable size, shape, and construction. For example, their vertical height can be designed according to test specifications so that the falling distance of the counterweight 3 can meet the desired speed and impact distance of the impact device 5, while also advantageously supporting the pulley mechanism 4, etc. The first column 22 and the second column 24 can have cross-sectional shapes of various shapes, such as triangular, rectangular, polygonal, circular, elliptical, etc. The cross-sectional shapes of the first column 22 and the second column 24 can be the same or different from each other. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first column 22 and the second column 24 is approximately rectangular. In the following description, the illustrated embodiment is used as an example, but it should be understood that this is merely exemplary, and the described features are equally applicable to columns of other shapes and constructions. The first column 22 may include opposing front surfaces 221 and rear surfaces 222, as well as opposing outer surfaces 223 and inner surfaces 224. The orientation names here are for clarity and are not a limitation on the actual orientation. Similarly, the second column 24 may include opposing front surfaces 241 and rear surfaces 242, as well as opposing outer surfaces 243 and inner surfaces 244.

[0096] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 The figures show perspective views of the counterweight device 3 according to this application. The counterweight device 3 may include one or more counterweight blocks 32, which may be plate-shaped or have any other suitable shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the counterweight blocks 32 are stacked together by two guide rods 322 (the number of guide rods can be selected according to the needs of the actual application). A first plate 34 and a second plate 36 may be provided on the upper and lower sides of the stacked counterweight blocks 32, respectively. The guide rods 322 may be fixed to the second plate 36 and extend through the first plate 34. The stacked counterweight blocks 32 are sandwiched between the first plate 34 and the second plate 36. The first plate 34, the counterweight blocks 32 and the second plate 36 can be firmly held together by tightening nuts on the guide rods 322 to form the main structure of the counterweight device 3.

[0097] The weight of the counterweight device 3 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of counterweights 32 according to the impact energy requirements. When it is necessary to increase or decrease the number of counterweights 32, the nuts on the guide rod 322 can be loosened, the first plate 34 can be removed, the desired number of counterweights 32 can be added or removed along the guide rod 322, and then the first plate 34 can be replaced and the nuts tightened.

[0098] To facilitate the vertical descent of the counterweight 3, it can be positioned between the first column 22 and the second column 24, with the first column 22 and the second column 24 guiding the downward movement of the counterweight 3. The first plate 34 and the second plate 36 can be plate-shaped and have any suitable shape, such as approximately quadrilateral or other polygonal shapes. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, guide components 35 can be provided on the first plate 34 and the second plate 36. In the illustrated embodiment, guide components 35 are respectively provided on the upper surfaces of both sides of the first plate 34, and guide components 35 are also respectively provided on the lower surfaces of both sides of the second plate 36, thus providing a total of four guide components 35. It should be understood that the above-mentioned guide components are merely exemplary. In other embodiments, the counterweight device 3 may include fewer or more than four guide components. For example, guide components 35 may be provided only on one of the first plate 34 or the second plate 36, while no guide components are provided on the other, or multiple guide components may be stacked on one side of the first plate 34 or the second plate 36, and so on.

[0099] The guiding component 35 may include a base 352, which can be fixed to the first plate 34 or the second plate 36. A freely rotatable guide wheel 354 may be provided on the base 352. When the counterweight 3 is positioned between the first column 22 and the second column 24, the guide wheel 354 can contact the first column 22 and the second column 24 respectively, for example, contacting the inner surface 224 of the first column 22 or the inner surface 244 of the second column 24. This allows the guide wheel 354 to roll on the inner surface of the column as the counterweight 3 moves downwards in the vertical direction, guiding the downward movement of the counterweight 3 and preventing it from swaying during its descent. Furthermore, guide grooves or guide rails may be provided on the inner surfaces of the columns, with the guide wheel 354 cooperating with the guide grooves or guide rails to enhance the guiding effect.

[0100] In the illustrated embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a first guide rail 226 extending vertically can be provided on the inner surface 224 of the first column 22. This first guide rail 226 can be of an angular construction, similar to an angle iron. In the illustrated embodiment, two sides of the first guide rail 226 are set at a 45-degree angle to the inner surface 224. Similarly, a second guide rail 246 extending vertically can be provided on the inner surface 244 of the second column 24. This second guide rail 246 can be of an angular construction, such as a triangular guide rail, similar to an angle iron, with two sides of the second guide rail 246 set at a 45-degree angle to the inner surface 244. In this case, the guide assembly 35 may include two guide wheels 354 correspondingly set at a 45-degree angle, such as... Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, each guide wheel 354 is positioned perpendicularly to one side of the guide rail. Thus, through the cooperation of at least two guide components 35 with the first guide rail 226 and the second guide rail 246, movement of the counterweight device 3 in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction can be prevented, effectively preventing the counterweight device 3 from swaying during descent.

[0101] The guide assembly 35 may also include an adjustment element 356, which is, for example, in the form of an adjustment screw, connected to the guide wheel 354. The adjustment element 356 is configured to push the guide wheel 354 to adjust and fix the tightness of the fit between the guide wheel 354 and the first guide rail 226 and the second guide rail 246.

[0102] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a buffer member 362 can be provided on the lower side of the second plate 36. This buffer member 362 can be located approximately at the center of the second plate 36 or any other suitable position, extending downwards from the lower surface of the second plate 36. When the counterweight 3 moves downwards vertically under the influence of gravity, the buffer member 362 eventually contacts the ground, thus terminating the downward movement of the counterweight 3. The buffer member 362 can be a rubber buffer block, whose maximum single energy absorption can be designed to sufficiently buffer the impact of the counterweight 3 on the ground.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the counterweight device 3 may also be provided with a stop assembly 38, which can be fixed to the first column 22 and / or the second column 24. The stop assembly 38 is configured to support the counterweight device 3 to lift it off the ground. The stop assembly 38 includes a locking pin 382 and an operating handle 384 connected to each other. By operating the operating handle 384, the locking pin 382 can move between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, the locking pin 382 is not in contact with the counterweight device 3, and the counterweight device 3 can move vertically. In the extended position, the locking pin 382 can support the counterweight device 3 to prevent it from moving downward toward the ground, i.e., restrict the downward movement of the counterweight device 3 and lift it off the ground. During operation, with the locking pin 382 in the retracted position, the counterweight 3 falls vertically under gravity. Since it is not obstructed by the locking pin 382, ​​the counterweight 3 lands on the ground. If it is necessary to move the impact testing equipment at this point, the counterweight 3 needs to be lifted off the ground. This can be done by first lifting the counterweight 3 off the ground, then operating the operating handle 384 to move the locking pin 382 from the retracted position to the extended position. Next, the counterweight 3 can be placed on the locking pin 382 to maintain its lifted-off-ground state and prevent it from falling back to the ground.

[0104] In the illustrated embodiment, a support portion 342 may be provided on the first plate 34. This support portion 342 can be a structure protruding outward from a corner or other location of the plate body, configured to cooperate with the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38. When the locking pin 382 is in the extended position, it contacts the support portion 342 and thereby supports the counterweight device 3. When the locking pin 382 is in the retracted position, it does not contact the support portion 342. The support portions 342 can be diagonally arranged, i.e., they can be located at two diagonally opposite corners of the first plate 34. Correspondingly, stop assemblies 38 are provided on both the first column 22 and the second column 24, such that the stop assemblies 38 correspond to and cooperate with the diagonally arranged support portions 342. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, one stop assembly 38 is located on the rear surface 222 of the first column 22, and the other stop assembly 38 is located on the front surface 241 of the second column 24. The support portion 342 may have the form of a groove, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, when the locking pin 382 contacts the support portion 342, the locking pin 382 can be inserted into the groove, ensuring that the stop assembly 38 can stably support the counterweight device 3. It should be understood that the number and position of the stop assembly 38 and the support portion 342 can be selected according to the actual application needs and design, and are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure.

[0105] In another embodiment, the support portion 342 can also be provided on, for example, the second plate 34, in the same manner as described above. The support portion 342 can even be provided on a counterweight 32. It is also conceivable that support portions can be provided on both the first plate 34 and the second plate 36, and correspondingly, stop components 38 are provided on the first column 22 and the second column 24 to cooperate with them.

[0106] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, a detection unit 344 may be provided on the first plate 34. This detection unit 344 may be a structure protruding outward from a corner or other location of the plate body, such as a protrusion. An upper limit sensor 82 may be provided on the first column 22 and / or the second column 24. This upper limit sensor 82 is configured to limit the upper limit height to which the counterweight device 3 can be lifted. The upper limit sensor 82 is configured to detect the presence of the detection unit 344, and when it detects the detection unit 344, it sends a signal indicating that the counterweight device 3 has reached its upper limit of travel. When the upper limit sensor 82 sends a signal, the operation of the impact testing equipment can be stopped, for example, the operation of the power unit 6 to lift the counterweight device 3 can be stopped, and the counterweight device 3 can be lowered to restart the preparation procedure for the impact test. The upper limit sensor 82 may be, for example, a proximity switch or any other suitable sensor known in the art.

[0107] Considering the possibility of sensor malfunctions leading to limit switch failure and equipment damage due to overtravel, redundant configuration can be considered. For example, in some embodiments, the detection units 344 can be diagonally arranged, that is, the detection units 344 can be located at two diagonally opposite corners of the first plate 34. Correspondingly, upper limit sensors 82 are provided on both the first column 22 and the second column 24, so that the upper limit sensors 82 correspond to and cooperate with the diagonally arranged detection units 344 respectively. The detection units 344 and the support units 342 can be staggered, so that they together occupy the four corners of the first plate 34. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, one upper limit sensor 82 is located on the front surface 221 of the first column 22, and the other upper limit sensor 82 is located on the rear surface 242 of the second column 24.

[0108] In another embodiment, the detection unit 344 can also be disposed on, for example, the second plate 34, in the same manner as described above. The detection unit 344 can even be disposed on a counterweight 32. It is also conceivable that detection units can be disposed on both the first plate 34 and the second plate 36, and corresponding sensors can be disposed on the first column 22 and the second column 24.

[0109] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, a setting sensor 84 and a vertically extending scale 23 can be provided on the first column 22 and / or the second column 24. The setting sensor 84 is configured to set the height to which the counterweight 3 is lifted based on the impact energy required for the impact test. The setting sensor 84 is configured to detect the presence of a detection part 344 on the counterweight 3. After the impact test equipment is debugged, the impact energy of the impact test equipment is calibrated and the impact energy scale can be marked on the scale 23. The setting sensor 84 can move vertically along the scale 23 to a certain mark on the scale 23, which corresponds to the impact energy required for the impact test to be performed. Subsequently, when the counterweight 3 is pulled up to the position that triggers the setting sensor 84, that is, when the setting sensor 84 detects the detection part 344 on the counterweight 3, it indicates that the counterweight 3 has been lifted to the position corresponding to the required impact energy, thereby enabling the falling of the counterweight 3 to achieve an impact test of the corresponding energy. The setting sensor 84 and the scale 23 can be disposed on the front surface 221 of the first column 22 and / or the rear surface 242 of the second column 24, corresponding to the detection part 344 on the counterweight device 3. The setting sensor 84 can be, for example, a proximity switch or any other suitable sensor known in the art.

[0110] Figures 1 to 3As shown, the pulley mechanism 4 of the impact testing equipment according to this application is configured to convert the downward vertical movement of the counterweight 3 under gravity into the upward vertical movement of the impact device 5, so as to realize the impact action of the impact device 5 from bottom to top. The pulley mechanism 4 may include various pulleys or pulley blocks known in the art. The pulleys or pulley blocks can be selected according to the actual application and design needs, so that given the weight and falling distance of the counterweight 3, the impact device 5 can obtain the initial speed and impact distance required for the test.

[0111] The pulley mechanism 4 may include a first fixed pulley 42 and a first rope 44. The first rope 44 passes around the first fixed pulley 42, with its two ends connected to the counterweight device 3 and the impact device 5, respectively. Thus, the downward movement of the counterweight device 3 can be converted into the upward movement of the impact device 5 using a single fixed pulley 42. The end of the first rope 44 connected to the counterweight device 3 is the input end, and the end connected to the impact device 5 is the output end. The input end means that the power generated by the counterweight device 3 falling under gravity is input to the pulley mechanism 4, and the output end means that the power transmitted from the counterweight device 3 in the pulley mechanism 4 is transmitted to the impact device 5, thereby pulling the impact device 5 upward.

[0112] In the illustrated embodiment, the pulley mechanism 4 includes a pulley group consisting of a fixed pulley and a movable pulley. Specifically, the pulley mechanism 4 includes a first fixed pulley 42, a first rope 44, and a movable pulley 46. The first fixed pulley 42 can be mounted on the crossbeam 26, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the movable pulley 46 can be installed on the counterweight device 3. Specifically, the movable pulley 46 can be installed on the upper surface of the first plate 34, such as... Figure 8 As shown. The first end 442 of the first rope 44 is connected to the impact device 5, and the second end 444 remains fixed. In the illustrated embodiment, the second end 444 of the first rope 44 can be fixed to the crossbeam 26, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0113] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, this illustrates the connection between the pulley mechanism 4, the counterweight device 3, and the impact device 5. A first rope 44 extends from its first end 442, passing over a first fixed pulley 42, then over a movable pulley 46, to its second end 444. Thus, the first end 442 of the first rope 44 serves as the output end of the pulley mechanism 4, transmitting power to the impact device 5. The connection between the first rope 44 and the movable pulley 46 serves as the input end of the pulley mechanism 4, receiving power from the counterweight device 3. The first end 442 of the first rope 44 can be crimped with a threaded connector, which is screwed into the impact device 5 to fix the first end 442 to the impact device 5, thereby pulling the impact device 5 upward. The second end 444 of the first rope 44 can be fixed with a wedge-shaped connector to facilitate adjustment of the rope length.

[0114] The single fixed pulley or pulley group consisting of a fixed pulley and a movable pulley described above are merely examples. The pulley mechanism 4 according to this application can employ any other suitable sliding mechanism, such as a pulley group consisting of one fixed pulley and two or more movable pulleys, or a pulley group consisting of multiple fixed pulleys and one or more movable pulleys. The selection of the pulley mechanism 4 can be comprehensively considered based on various factors such as the space required by the impact testing equipment, the test parameters, and the matching between the counterweight device 3 and the impact device 5.

[0115] The impact device 5 of the impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application may include an impact head assembly 52, the first end 442 of a first rope 44 of which may be connected to the impact head assembly 52 to pull the impact head assembly 52 upward during operation. The impact head assembly 52 may include a carrier 522 and an impact head 524 fixed on the carrier 522. During operation, the carrier 522 and the impact head 524 move upward together in a vertical direction, and the impact head 524 ultimately impacts the test object, i.e., the battery pack of the vehicle to be tested.

[0116] like Figure 12 The diagram shows a perspective view of the impact head assembly 52 and guide assembly 54 of the impact device 5. In some embodiments, the impact device 5 may further include a guide assembly 54 configured to guide the upward movement of the impact head assembly 52, enabling the impact head 524 to maintain linear movement in the vertical direction during operation without deviation. The guide assembly 54 may include a guide rail 542 extending in the vertical direction, on which the impact head assembly 52 is disposed and can move vertically along the guide rail 542. The guidance of the guide assembly facilitates the vertical movement of the impact head and reduces external interference with the vertical movement of the impact head.

[0117] In the illustrated embodiment, the guide assembly 54 includes two guide rails 542 arranged side by side; however, this is merely exemplary, and it should be understood that the guide assembly 54 may include one or more guide rails 542. The guide rails 542 are fixed to a base 544, which may be fixed to a base assembly 1. Figure 4 As shown, the base assembly 1 may further include a bracket 16 fixed to the side members. The bracket 16 may include, for example, a transverse member 162 fixed between the first side member 102 and the second side member 104, and a support member 164 fixed between the transverse member 162 and the third member 106. The base 544 may be fixed to the support member 164, thereby securing the guide assembly 54 to the base assembly 1. The transverse member 162 can cooperate with the support member 164 to support the guide assembly 54, and also improve the structural strength of the base 10.

[0118] The top end of the guide rail 542 can be fixed to, for example, the crossbeam 26, so that the guide rail 542 of the guide assembly 54 remains in a vertical position. The carrier 522 can be connected to the guide rail 542 and can move vertically along the guide rail 542. For example, the guide rail 542 can extend through the carrier 522 of the impact head assembly 52, allowing the carrier 522 to move vertically along the guide rail 542, thereby driving the impact head 524 to move vertically. The carrier 522 can be mounted on the guide rail 542 via a sliding bearing. When the impact head 524 impacts the test object, the acceleration is very large, potentially reaching tens or even hundreds of times the force of gravity; sliding bearings can typically withstand such acceleration. In the illustrated embodiment, the carrier 522 and the guide rail 542 are arranged such that the impact head 524 is positioned between the two guide rails 542.

[0119] The length of the guide rail 542 can be slightly shorter than the distance between its upper and lower mounting surfaces. When the two ends of the guide rail 542 are fixed to the upper and lower mounting surfaces respectively by bolts, the guide rail 542 can be stretched by rotating the bolts. The stretched guide rail 542 bears a certain tensile stress, which helps it maintain its orientation in the vertical direction and avoids the loss of impact energy of the impact head assembly 52 due to the shaking of the guide rail 542.

[0120] A buffer member 526 may be provided on the support member 522, configured to buffer the downward vertical movement of the impact head assembly 52. ​​The impact head 524 extends upward vertically from the support member 522, while the buffer member 526 extends downward vertically from the support member 522. After the impact head 524 impacts the test object, the impact head assembly 52 will fall downward vertically along the guide rail 542. The buffer member 526 contacts the ground as the impact head assembly 52 falls, buffering its descent and preventing it (especially its support member 522) from colliding with other components, such as the base 544. In the illustrated embodiment, two buffer members 526 are shown, located at opposite ends of the support member 522, with the guide rail 542 positioned between them. The distance between the two buffer members 526 can be greater than the width of the base 544 and the width of the support member 164, so that when the impact head assembly 52 falls, the buffer member 526 can contact the ground before the bearing member 522 contacts the base 544, preventing it from hitting the base 544 and falling onto the equipment to cause serious vibration or even damage to the equipment.

[0121] In some embodiments, a through hole 548 may be provided on the base 544, and the through hole 548 may be located approximately at the center of the base 544. Correspondingly, a through hole corresponding to the through hole 548 may be provided on the support member 164. During the commissioning of the impact testing equipment, for example, a laser sensor can be placed below the base 544 and the support member 164, such as on the ground below the base 544 and the support member 164, which is more stable and can eliminate the influence of equipment vibration on calibration accuracy. The light emitted by the laser sensor passes through the through hole 548 of the base 544 and the through hole of the support member 164 and illuminates the impact head assembly 52, thereby measuring the operating speed of the impact head assembly 52 to calibrate the impact energy.

[0122] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the impact device 5 may also be provided with a stop assembly 57, which can be fixed to the third mounting block 126, that is, fixedly mounted to the third side member 106 of the base 10 via the third mounting block 126. The stop assembly 57 is configured to support the impact head assembly 52 to lift the impact head assembly 52 off the ground. The stop assembly 57 includes a locking pin 572 and an operating handle 574 connected to each other. By operating the operating handle 574, the locking pin 572 can move between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, the locking pin 572 is not in contact with the impact head assembly 52, and the impact head assembly 52 can move vertically along the guide rail 542. In the extended position, the locking pin 572 can support the impact head assembly 52, specifically, support the carrier 522, to prevent the impact head assembly 52 from moving downward toward the ground along the guide rail 542, that is, to restrict the downward movement of the impact head assembly 52 and lift the impact head assembly 52 off the ground. During operation, with the locking pin 572 in the retracted position, the impact head 524 falls along the guide rail 542 after impacting the test object. Because it is not obstructed by the locking pin 572, the impact head assembly 52 falls to the ground. If it is necessary to move the impact testing equipment at this point, the impact head assembly 52 needs to be lifted off the ground. This can be done by first lifting the impact head assembly 52 off the ground, then operating the operating handle 574 to move the locking pin 572 from the retracted position to the extended position. Next, the impact head assembly 52 can be placed on the locking pin 572 to maintain its lifted-off-ground state and prevent it from falling back to the ground.

[0123] In some embodiments, a buffer 546 may be provided at or above the top of the guide rail 542. This buffer 546 is configured to cushion the upward vertical movement of the impact head assembly 52, preventing excessive impact from the impact head assembly 52 (specifically, the impact head 524) on the test object. During operation, the upward vertical movement speed and impact energy of the impact head assembly 52 are pre-calculated parameters. For example, the impact energy is first theoretically calculated and then experimentally calibrated to obtain predetermined impact energy parameters. Based on these parameters, the upward movement speed and distance of the impact head assembly 52 are set. During normal operation, the impact head assembly 52 impacts the test object with the desired speed and impact energy, and is then bounced off the test object and falls downward along the guide rail 542. However, in certain unforeseen circumstances, such as when there is no test vehicle above or the test vehicle is at the wrong height, or when the test object is placed incorrectly, the impact head 524 may fail to contact the test object at the intended impact position and continue moving vertically upwards. In this case, the impact head assembly 52 may collide with other components, such as the mounting surface at the top of the guide rail 542 or the crossbeam 26, causing damage to the impact head assembly 52. ​​Therefore, a buffer 546 is provided at or above the top of the guide rail 542. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, two buffers 546 fixed to the crossbeam 26 are provided above the top of the guide rail 542 to prevent the impact head assembly 52 from directly impacting the stroke end assembly and damaging the equipment. When the impact head assembly 52 fails to contact the test object at the desired position and continues moving vertically upwards, the impact head assembly 52 (specifically, the carrier 522) will contact the buffer 546, cushioning its upward movement, and then causing the impact head assembly 52 to fall downwards along the guide rail 542. In some embodiments, the buffer 546 may be configured to contact, for example, the carrier 522 to achieve a cushioning effect. The buffer 546 may be any suitable buffer known in the art, such as a hydraulic buffer.

[0124] To obtain more accurate impact test results, it is generally desirable that the impact head 524 impacts the test object with a given velocity and impact energy. In this case, according to some embodiments of this application, the impact head assembly 52 is configured to release from a specified height upon acceleration to a given velocity and move freely upwards, thereby impacting the test object. Thus, the impact head 524 can impact the test object with precise velocity and impact energy. According to some embodiments of this application, the impact device 5 also includes a lifting assembly 56, such as... Figure 13The diagram shows a perspective view of the lifting assembly 56. The lifting assembly 56 can be connected to the output end of the pulley mechanism 4. The impact head assembly 52 can be releasably supported on the lifting assembly 56. Specifically, the carrier 522 of the impact head assembly 52 can be releasably supported on the lifting assembly 56, allowing the impact head assembly 52 to undergo upward movement propelled by the lifting assembly 56 and upward movement after separation from the lifting assembly 56 during operation. The impact head assembly employs segmented upward movement during impact testing, enabling it to achieve an undisturbed impact velocity before impacting the test object, thereby accurately determining the desired impact energy of the test object.

[0125] The lifting assembly 56 may include a lifting guide rail 562 and a lifting mechanism 58. The lifting guide rail 562 extends vertically and is arranged parallel to the guide rail 542. The lifting mechanism 58 is arranged on the lifting guide rail 562 and configured to slide vertically along the lifting guide rail 562. In some embodiments, the lifting guide rail 562 may be mounted on a back plate (not shown), which may be fixedly mounted on the support member 164 and / or the crossbeam 26. The back plate also serves to improve the rigidity of the lifting guide rail 562 and the entire frame. The relative sliding between the lifting mechanism 58 and the lifting guide rail 562 may be achieved using a rolling slider or a rolling guide device, such as a ceramic ball bearing slider, to accommodate the high-speed sliding of the lifting mechanism 58. The lifting guide rail 562 may be fixed to the base assembly 1, specifically, to, for example, the base 10, or to, for example, the bracket 16 (fixed to the transverse member 162 or the support member 164). The top end of the lifting guide rail 562 can be fixed to, for example, the crossbeam 26. The lifting mechanism 58 is coupled to the output end of the pulley mechanism 4 and can releasably contact and support the impact head assembly 52, specifically, it can contact and support the carrier 522. The first end 442 of the first rope 44 is connected to the lifting mechanism 58 to pull the lifting mechanism 58 upward along the lifting guide rail 562.

[0126] During operation, as the counterweight 3 moves downward vertically under gravity, the pulley mechanism 4 pulls the lifting mechanism 58 upward along the lifting guide rail 562. The lifting mechanism 58 then pushes the impact head assembly 52 upward along the guide rail 542. Once the counterweight 3 reaches its end point of motion, such as contacting the ground, it stops moving. At this point, the lifting mechanism 58 is in a pre-calculated designated position (release position), and both the lifting mechanism 58 and the impact head assembly 52 acquire a designated initial velocity. Subsequently, the lifting mechanism 58 and the impact head assembly 52 continue to move upward due to inertia, but there is no longer any interaction between them. In this situation, the impact head assembly 52 moves freely upward along the guide rail 542 and impacts the test object, completing the impact test. Similarly, the lifting mechanism 58 also moves freely upward along the lifting guide rail 562. In some embodiments, the lifting assembly 56 may further include a buffer 564 disposed above the release position of the lifting mechanism 58. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a buffer 564 fixed to the crossbeam 26 is disposed above the release position of the lifting mechanism 58. When the lifting mechanism 58 moves freely upward along the lifting guide rail 562, it will contact the buffer 564, cushioning its upward movement and causing the lifting mechanism 58 to fall downward along the lifting guide rail 562. The buffer 564 may be any suitable buffer known in the art, such as a hydraulic buffer.

[0127] After the impact head assembly 52 impacts the test object, it falls downwards along the guide rail 542 until it contacts the ground, for example. At this time, the lifting mechanism 58 also falls downwards along the lifting guide rail 562, but because it is connected to the first end 442 of the first rope 44, it is constrained by the first end 442 of the first rope 44 and stops moving downwards when it reaches the release position. In this case, the impact head assembly 52 will pass through the lifting mechanism 58 during its fall. In some embodiments, the lifting mechanism 58 can be configured to support the impact head assembly 52 before reaching the release position to push it upwards along the guide rail 542, and to stop supporting it after reaching the release position. Even when the impact head assembly 52 falls downwards along the guide rail 542 and passes through the lifting mechanism 58 after impacting the test object, it is no longer supported by the lifting mechanism 58, thus avoiding a collision between the impact head assembly 52 and the lifting mechanism 58.

[0128] like Figure 13As shown, the lifting mechanism 58 may include a lifting member 582 configured to extend and support the impact head assembly 52 before the lifting mechanism 58 reaches the release position, and to retract and avoid contact with the impact head assembly 52 after the lifting mechanism 58 reaches the release position. The lifting member 582 is movable between the extended and retracted positions. In the extended position, the lifting member 582 can contact and support the impact head assembly 52; in the retracted position, the lifting member 582 does not contact the impact head assembly 52. ​​By moving the lifting member between the extended and retracted positions, the lifting mechanism pushes the impact head assembly upward during the vertical upward movement of the impact device, while the downward movement of the impact head assembly after impact with the test object is not interfered with by the lifting mechanism, thus avoiding collision between components and preventing damage to the equipment.

[0129] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the lifting mechanism 58. The lifting mechanism 58 may include a housing 584, which has a receiving chamber 5842 formed inside. An outlet 5844 is formed on one side of the receiving chamber 5842. The outlet 5844 is smaller than the receiving chamber 5842, such that a flange 5846 is formed between the outlet 5844 and the receiving chamber 5842. An elastic member 588 and an elastic member pressing block 586 are disposed within the receiving chamber 5842. The elastic member pressing block 586 is configured to move toward and away from the outlet 5844 within the receiving chamber 5842. The elastic member 588 is disposed between the flange 5846 and the elastic member pressing block 586, biasing the elastic member 588 toward a position away from the outlet 5844. The elastic member 588 may be, for example, in the form of a coil spring, as shown in the figure. It should be understood that the elastic member 588 may also be other suitable spring forms, such as a disc spring, a bending leaf spring, etc.

[0130] The lifting member 582 is connected to and moves with the elastic member block 586, thereby being biased by the elastic member 588 toward its retracted position. When the operator moves the elastic member block 586 toward the outlet 5844 using the lever 5862, the lifting member 582 extends from the outlet 5844 to support the impact head assembly 52. ​​When the elastic member block 586 moves away from the outlet 5844 due to the bias of the elastic member 588, the lifting member 582 retracts from the outlet 5844 and no longer contacts or supports the impact head assembly 52.

[0131] like Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, in some embodiments, the lifting member 582 is pivotally connected to the resilient member pressure block 586, for example, via a pivot or pivot pin, such that the lifting member 582 can pivot relative to the resilient member pressure block 586 and thus can move up and down relative to the outlet 5844. A protrusion 5822, which may have an arcuate profile, may be formed on the lower surface of the lifting member 582. When the lifting member 582 extends from the outlet 5844, the protrusion 5822 also extends beyond the outlet 5844. Under the force (e.g., gravity) of the impact head assembly 52 supported by the lifting member 582, the lifting member 582 is pressed down, and the protrusion 5822 is stuck at the outer edge of the outlet 5844 and cannot retract from the outlet 5844. That is, the protrusion 5822 abuts against the flange 5846 on the outside of the outlet 5844 to prevent the lifting member 582 from moving to the retracted position. When the lifting mechanism 58 moves to the release position and releases the impact head assembly 52, since the impact head assembly 52 no longer applies force to the lifting member 582, the elastic force of the elastic member 588 is sufficient to cause the protrusion 5822 to overcome the outer edge of the outlet 5844 and retract into the receiving chamber 5842. This causes the lifting member 582 to retract from the outlet 5844. That is, when the impact head assembly 52 is released from the lifting member 582, the biasing force of the elastic member 588 causes the protrusion 5822 to cross the flange 5846, thereby moving the lifting member 582 from the extended position to the retracted position. In other words, the protrusion 5822 and the elastic member 588 are configured such that when the impact head assembly 52 applies force to the lifting member 582, the protrusion 5822 is used to keep the lifting member 582 in the extended state, and when the impact head assembly 52 does not apply force to the lifting member 582, the elastic member 588 retracts the lifting member 582. The design of the lifting mechanism 58 ensures that the impact head assembly 52 will not hit its lifting mechanism 58 during downward movement, but will fall directly to the ground. As a result, the recoil force will not act on the equipment to cause severe vibration or even damage, and the impact head assembly 52 will not recoil back onto the test object.

[0132] like Figure 16 The diagram shows a perspective view of the power unit 6 and counterweight 3 according to this application. According to some embodiments of this application, the counterweight 3 can be lifted to a specified height using the power unit 6. The power unit 6 includes a motor 62, which can be fixed to a fourth mounting block 128, i.e., fixedly mounted to a fourth side member 108 via the fourth mounting block 128, thereby fixing the power unit 6 to the base assembly 1. In other embodiments, the power unit 6 can also be fixed to the crossbeam 26, but fixing the power unit 6 to the base assembly 1 provides better technical advantages. For example, the power unit 6 is heavy, and fixing it to the base assembly 1 results in a low and stable overall center of gravity for the equipment. On the other hand, the space above the crossbeam 26 is limited, making it inconvenient to arrange the power unit.

[0133] Motor 62 can be any suitable motor known in the art, such as an asynchronous motor, a DC motor, a servo motor, a conical rotor brake motor, etc. In some embodiments, motor 62 can be a dual-output-shaft high-reduction-ratio geared motor.

[0134] The output end of motor 62 is connected to the counterweight device 3 for lifting the counterweight device 3 vertically upward to a specified height. Motor 62 can directly lift the counterweight device 3; for example, the output end of motor 62 can be connected to the counterweight device 3 via a rope or similar component, and the counterweight device 3 can be directly lifted via the rope when motor 62 is running. When the power unit 6 is fixed to the base assembly 1, the lifting operation can be performed via pulleys for ease of operation. In some embodiments, the power unit 6 may include a second fixed pulley 64 and a second rope 66. The second fixed pulley 64 can be fixed to, for example, a crossbeam 26, and the second rope 66 is connected to the output end of motor 62, passes around the second fixed pulley 64, and then connects to the counterweight device 3. In the illustrated embodiment, as a non-limiting example, two second fixed pulleys 64 and corresponding two second ropes 66 are shown, and motor 62 is a dual-output shaft motor. The two second ropes 66 are respectively connected to the two output shafts of motor 62, and then pass around the corresponding second fixed pulleys 64 to connect to the counterweight device 3. This dual-output connection provides a smooth power output, allowing the counterweight device 3 to be lifted more smoothly. Furthermore, it should be understood that, in addition to using a single fixed pulley, the power unit 6 can also lift the counterweight device 3 using other suitable mechanisms, such as a pulley block consisting of fixed and movable pulleys, which can be selected according to the actual application and design requirements.

[0135] In some embodiments, when the motor 62 is a dual-output-shaft motor, a winch roller is mounted on each of the two output shafts, the two second ropes 66 have opposite twist directions, and the rope grooves on the corresponding two winch rollers also have opposite twist directions. The two second ropes 66 are fixed to the winch rollers by two standard pressure plates. The diameter of the winch roller and the number of rope grooves on it should be such that the drop distance of the counterweight device 3, calculated based on the impact energy, can be met within the range of winch roller rotation speeds.

[0136] To limit the over-rotation of motor 62 and prevent damage to the equipment, the number of revolutions of motor 62 needs to be counted. As an exemplary embodiment, an encoder can be connected to the output shaft of motor 62 for counting. In another embodiment, a sensor can also be used for counting. Figure 17The diagram shows a schematic of the technical solution for the power unit 6. When the motor 62 is a dual-output shaft motor, two counting sensors can be provided: a first counting sensor 88A and a second counting sensor 88B, respectively located on the left and right sides of the power unit 6. The first counting sensor 88A and the second counting sensor 88B can be, for example, proximity switches or any other suitable sensors known in the art. When the power unit 6 is fixed to the fourth side member 108 of the base 10, the first counting sensor 88A and the second counting sensor 88B can also be located on the fourth side member 108, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 17 As shown. A sensor trigger block, namely a first trigger block 882 and a second trigger block 884, can be installed on the outer end face of each of the left and right winch rollers, with the two trigger blocks staggered circumferentially. When the first counting sensor 88A on the right is at a high level and a rising edge appears on the second counting sensor 88B on the left, the rotation counter increments by 1; conversely, when the second counting sensor 88B on the left is at a high level and a rising edge appears on the first counting sensor 88A on the right, the rotation counter decrements by 1. The range of the count value can be set, for example, from 0 to 3. Once the value exceeds this range, the rotation of motor 62 stops to prevent over-rotation.

[0137] The second rope 66 can be connected to any suitable location on the counterweight 3 to lift it; for example, the second rope 66 can be connected to the first plate 34. Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, the movable pulley 46 is fixed to the first plate 34 of the counterweight device 3 via a pulley bracket 462. In this case, the second rope 66 can be connected to the pulley bracket 462 of the movable pulley 46 to realize the lifting of the counterweight device 3.

[0138] After the power unit 6 lifts the counterweight 3 to a designated height, the counterweight 3 can be used for the subsequent impact test. The impact test requires the counterweight 3 to be released and move downwards in a vertical direction. To avoid interference from the power unit 6 with the downward movement of the counterweight 3, in some embodiments, the downward movement of the counterweight 3 is triggered by separating the power unit 6 from the counterweight 3. For this purpose, the power unit 6 can be detachably connected to the counterweight 3. Specifically, the second rope 66 is detachably connected to the counterweight 3, for example, through its first plate 34 or the pulley bracket 462 of the movable pulley 46.

[0139] In some embodiments, the power unit 6 (specifically, the second rope 66) is connected to the counterweight device 3 via a connecting mechanism 7, which may be a quick-disconnect connecting mechanism. For example... Figure 18 and Figure 19The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the connecting mechanism 7 according to some embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that, regardless of whether a power unit 6 is provided, the counterweight 3 can be connected to the connecting mechanism 7, and the counterweight 3 can be lifted and released via locking and unlocking the connecting mechanism 7. Releasing the counterweight by unlocking the connecting mechanism allows for rapid disconnection of the counterweight connection, without interfering with the downward vertical movement of the counterweight, thereby enabling accurate impact energy and obtaining precise test results.

[0140] The connecting mechanism 7 may include a main body 70, which may be any suitable shape such as a rod or a plate. In the illustrated embodiment, the main body 70 is shown as a rod. The main body 70 has structures known in the art suitable for connecting to the second rope 66, such as threaded joints, at both ends or around its periphery, so that the second rope 66 can be connected to the connecting mechanism 7, facilitating connection to the power unit 6 and adjusting the posture of the power unit and optimizing the stress state of each component. The main body 70 has a central through hole 702 formed at approximately its center position and a protrusion 704 extending downwards, with the central through hole 702 extending through the protrusion 704.

[0141] The connecting mechanism 7 may also include a sleeve 72, which can be disposed in the central through-hole 702 of the main body 70, for example, by any suitable means such as interference fit, bonding, welding, threaded connection, etc. To further improve the bonding strength of the sleeve 72 in the central through-hole 702, a fastener 722 may be provided, which extends laterally through the protrusion 702 and the sleeve 72 to secure the sleeve 72 in the central through-hole 702, such as... Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown. Fastener 722 can be a bolt, pin, rivet, or any other suitable fastener. Sleeve 72 has a sleeve orifice 724, which can be a through-hole or an orifice open at one end and closed at the other. After sleeve 72 is inserted into central through-hole 702, sleeve orifice 724 extends coaxially with central through-hole 702. The diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of sleeve orifice 724 can be larger than the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the lower part, such that a first stop 726, for example, a stepped structure is formed between the upper and lower parts. Sleeve 72 may include an upper section 72A and a lower section 72B, the upper section 72A being inserted into central through-hole 702, and the lower section 72B extending beyond protrusion 704, for example, extending downward from protrusion 702. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown.

[0142] It is understood that in some embodiments, the sleeve 72 may be integrally formed with the protrusion 704, for example, the sleeve 72 and the protrusion 704 may be integrally formed during the manufacturing of the main body 70. In other embodiments, the sleeve 72 may not be included, and the structural features of the sleeve 72 may be directly formed on the protrusion 704. For example, the protrusion 704 may include an upper section and a lower section, and the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the central through hole 702 may be larger than the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the lower part, thereby forming a stop between the upper and lower parts, etc. The following description of other parts of the connecting mechanism 7 is made with the sleeve 72 included, but it should be understood that it also applies to the case without the sleeve 72.

[0143] The connecting mechanism 7 may include a central rod 74, which is inserted into the sleeve 72 and movable along the sleeve orifice 724 of the sleeve 72. The central rod 74 may include an upper section 74A and a lower section 74B. The upper section 74A is inserted into the upper part of the sleeve orifice 724, and the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper section 74A may substantially correspond to the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the sleeve orifice 724, allowing the upper section 74A to slide within the upper part of the sleeve orifice 724. The lower section 74B is located in the lower part of the sleeve orifice 724, and the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the lower section 74B may substantially correspond to the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the lower part of the sleeve orifice 724, allowing the lower section 74B to slide within the lower part of the sleeve orifice 724. Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown. In this case, similar to the structure of the sleeve orifice 724, a second stop 742, for example, with a stepped structure, is formed between the upper section 74A and the lower section 74B of the center rod 74. An elastic element 744 can be provided in the sleeve orifice 724, which is located between the sleeve 72 and the center rod 74. One end of the elastic element 744 abuts against the first stop 726, and the other end abuts against the second stop 742. When the center rod 74 slides in the sleeve orifice 724, the elastic element 744 is compressed and extended. The elastic element 744 can be, for example, in the form of a helical spring, as shown in the figure. It should be understood that the elastic element 744 can also be other suitable spring forms, such as a disc spring, a bending leaf spring, etc.

[0144] The center rod 74 can move between a locked position and a released position within the sleeve opening 724. In the locked position, the second rope 66 can be connected to the counterweight device 3 via the connecting mechanism 7, for example, to the first plate 34 or the sliding bracket 462. In the released position, the second rope 66 can be separated from the counterweight device 3 via the connecting mechanism 7 to release the counterweight device 3, allowing it to fall vertically downwards. The elastic element 744 biases the center rod 74 toward the locked position. A limiting groove 746 can be formed on the center rod 74, extending laterally through the center rod 74 to limit the range of motion of the center rod 74 between the released and locked positions. In the illustrated embodiment, the limiting groove 746 is located in the upper section 74A, but it should be understood that the limiting groove 746 can also be located in the lower section 74B. In some embodiments, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the fastener 722 used to secure the sleeve 72 in the central through hole 702 can be used as a limiting member. The fastener 722 extends through the limiting groove 746 of the central rod 74, and the engagement of the fastener 722 with the limiting groove 746 limits the range of movement of the central rod 74 within the sleeve opening 724. In the illustrated embodiment, when the central rod 74 moves upward so that the bottom of the limiting groove 746 contacts the fastener 722, the central rod 74 is in a locked position; when the central rod 74 moves downward so that the top of the limiting groove 746 contacts the fastener 722, the central rod 74 is in a released position. As shown, the elastic element 744 is configured to push the central rod 74 upward until the bottom of the limiting groove 746 contacts the fastener 722, i.e., the elastic element 744 biases the central rod 74 toward the locked position. Fastener 722 not only secures sleeve 72 in central through hole 702, but also limits the range of movement of central rod 74 within sleeve hole 724. This simplifies the structure, reduces the number of parts, lowers costs, and is easy to assemble and operate.

[0145] The connecting mechanism 7 may include an adapter 76 designed separately from the main body 70. The adapter 76 is configured to be fixed to the counterweight device 3 by any suitable means, such as threaded connection, welding, etc., for example, fixed to the first plate 34 or the pulley bracket 462. Figure 8 As shown. The adapter 76 has a connection port 762, which can be a through-hole or an opening at one end and closed at the other. As described above, the center rod 74 can move between a locked position and a released position. In the released position, the sleeve 72 can be inserted into and removed from the adapter 76. In the locked position, the sleeve 72 can be locked relative to the adapter 76.

[0146] The diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the connecting orifice 762 can be smaller than that of the lower part, so that a locking portion 764 with a stepped structure, for example, is formed between the upper and lower parts. The diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the upper part of the connecting orifice 762 can approximately correspond to the diameter or cross-sectional dimension of the lower section 72B of the sleeve 72, so that the lower section 72B of the sleeve 72 can be slidably inserted into the connecting orifice 762. A locking hole 728 can be formed on the lower section 72B of the sleeve 72. The locking holes 728 can be spaced apart from each other along the periphery of the lower section 72B and penetrate the wall thickness of the lower section 72B. A locking recess 748 corresponding to the locking hole 728 can be formed on the outer periphery of the lower section 74B of the center rod 74. A locking element 766 may be arranged in the locking hole 728. The locking element 766 may be in the form of, for example, a ball bearing or any other suitable form. The locking element 766 is configured to interact with the adapter 76 in the locked position of the center rod to lock the sleeve 72 relative to the adapter 76, and to release the interaction with the adapter 76 in the released position of the center rod so that the sleeve 72 can be removed from the adapter 76. The locking member 766 is movable left and right within the locking hole 728, such that when the locking member 766 moves outward toward the inner wall of the adapter 76, it abuts against the locking portion 764; when the locking member 766 moves inward toward the center rod 74, it retracts into the locking recess 748. Thus, in the locked position of the center rod, the locking member 766 is pressed against the locking portion 764 by the center rod 74 to lock the sleeve 72 relative to the adapter 76; in the released position of the center rod, the locking member 766 is pressed against the locking recess 748 by the adapter 76 to release the locking of the sleeve 72 relative to the adapter 76. The transverse dimension of the locking member 766 can be greater than the wall thickness of the lower section 72B of the sleeve 72, for example, it can approximately correspond to the distance between the lower part of the connecting hole 762 and the outer surface of the center rod 74. Meanwhile, the size of the locking recess 748 is configured such that when the locking member 766 retracts into the locking recess 748, the locking member 766 is fully retracted from the locking hole 728 without affecting the sliding of the sleeve 72 on the upper part of the connecting hole 762.

[0147] During operation, the movement of the center rod 74 within the sleeve orifice 724 can be achieved manually. For example, the top of the center rod 74 can be manually pushed to overcome the biasing force of the elastic element 744 and move downward along the sleeve orifice 724 from the locked position to the released position. After the push applied to the center rod 74 is removed, the center rod 74 moves upward under the biasing force of the elastic element 744, moving from the released position to the locked position. In some embodiments, the connecting mechanism 7 may further include a push rod 78, which can be fixed to the body 70 by, for example, a bracket 782. The push rod 78 can be an electric push rod, a hydraulic push rod, or any other suitable push rod known in the art. The actuating end of the push rod 78 is aligned with the top of the center rod 74, such as... Figure 18 As shown.

[0148] When it is necessary to connect the power unit 6 to the counterweight device 3 via the second rope 66, the following operating steps can be performed. First, extend the push rod 78, contact and push the center rod 74 downward along the sleeve orifice 724. The center rod 74 overcomes the biasing force of the elastic element 744 and moves from the locked position to the released position. At this time, the locking recess 748 on the center rod 74 aligns with the locking member 766. The locking member 766 retracts and is received in the locking recess 748, so that the sleeve 72 can be inserted into the connection orifice 762 of the adapter 76 without being obstructed by the locking member 766. The sleeve 72 is inserted into the connection orifice 762 of the adapter 76 and moves downward along the connection orifice 762 until the locking member 766 reaches the position of the locking part 764. The push rod 78 retracts, ceasing to exert force on the center rod 74. Under the bias of the elastic element 744, the center rod 74 moves upward, moving from the released position to the locked position. The locking recess 748 disengages from the locking member 766, and the locking member 766 is pushed outward by the center rod 74, abutting against the locking portion 764 in the connecting hole 762. Thus, the main body 70 and the sleeve 72 are locked onto the adapter 76, and the power unit 6 can lift the counterweight device 3 via the second rope 66.

[0149] After the counterweight 3 is raised to the designated height, it can be released by separating the connecting mechanism 7, allowing it to move downwards vertically under gravity. The push rod 78 extends, contacts and pushes the center rod 74 downwards along the sleeve orifice 724. The center rod 74 overcomes the biasing force of the elastic element 744 and moves from the locked position to the released position. At this time, the locking recess 748 on the center rod 74 aligns with the locking member 766, and the locking member 766 retracts to be received in the locking recess 748. Then, the locking member 766 disengages from the locking portion 764 of the adapter 76, releasing the lock between the sleeve 72 and the adapter 76. The adapter 76 separates from the sleeve 72 under the gravity of the counterweight 3, thereby releasing the counterweight 3 and allowing it to move downwards vertically under gravity.

[0150] In some embodiments, for the stop assembly 57 of the impact device 5, a proximity switch may be provided at the operating handle 574 to detect the position of the operating handle 574. When the proximity switch detects the operating handle 574, it indicates that the locking pin 572 is in the retracted position, and the proximity switch sends a signal. When the proximity switch does not detect the operating handle 574, it indicates that the locking pin 572 is in the extended position, and the proximity switch does not send a signal. During operation, only when the proximity switch sends a signal indicating that the locking pin 572 is in the retracted position can the operation of other drive components of the impact testing equipment be performed. For example, the power unit 6 can lift the counterweight device 3, and the push rod 78 can be pushed to separate the connecting mechanism 7 to release the counterweight device 3, etc., to ensure that the impact head assembly 52 does not collide with the stop assembly 57 and cause damage to the equipment.

[0151] Similarly, for the stop assembly 38 of the counterweight device 3, a proximity switch can be provided at the operating handle 384 to detect the position of the operating handle 384. When the proximity switch detects the operating handle 384, it indicates that the locking pin 382 is in the retracted position, and the proximity switch sends a signal. When the proximity switch does not detect the operating handle 384, it indicates that the locking pin 382 is in the extended position, and the proximity switch does not send a signal. During operation, only when the proximity switch sends a signal indicating that the locking pin 382 is in the retracted position can the operation of other driving components of the impact testing equipment be performed. For example, the power unit 6 can lift the counterweight device 3, and the push rod 78 can be pushed to separate the connecting mechanism 7 to release the counterweight device 3, etc., to ensure that the counterweight device 3 will not collide with the stop assembly 38 and cause damage to the equipment.

[0152] When the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38 is in the extended position to support the counterweight 3, the proximity switch does not detect the operating handle 384. However, at this time, the impact testing equipment needs to operate the counterweight 3 because the counterweight 3 is usually heavy. When it is supported on the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38, if the counterweight 3 does not move, it may be difficult to move the locking pin 382 from the extended position to the retracted position using the operating handle 384. Therefore, when the locking pin 382 is in the extended position to support the counterweight 3, even if the proximity switch does not send a signal, the power device 6 should be able to lift the counterweight 3 (e.g., lift it upwards a certain distance) to disengage it from the locking pin 382, ​​making it easier to move the locking pin 382 from the extended position to the retracted position. For this purpose, a lower sensor 86 can be provided on the first column 22 and / or the second column 24. This lower sensor 86 is configured to detect the presence of the detection part 344 on the counterweight device 3. When the lower sensor 86 detects the detection part 344, it sends a signal indicating that the counterweight device 3 has reached the position supported by the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38. At this point, the counterweight device 3 can be lifted even if the proximity switch does not send a signal. Similar to the upper limit sensor 82, lower sensors 86 can be provided on both the first column 22 and the second column 24, such that the lower sensors 86 correspond to and cooperate with the detection parts 344 arranged diagonally. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, one lower sensor 86 is provided on the front surface 221 of the first column 22, and the other lower sensor 86 is provided on the rear surface 242 of the second column 24.

[0153] like Figures 20 to 24 As shown, it illustrates an operational schematic diagram of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application. The following will refer to... Figures 20 to 24 The operation of an impact testing apparatus according to some embodiments of this application is described.

[0154] like Figure 20As shown, this illustrates the state when the impact testing equipment is moved. When it is necessary to move the impact testing equipment, the counterweight 3 and the impact head assembly 52 can be lifted off the ground first. Then, the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38 is moved to the extended position so that the counterweight 3 is supported on the locking pin 382. Specifically, the counterweight 3 is supported on the locking pin 382 by the support part 342 of the counterweight 3 abutting against and supporting the locking pin 382. And the locking pin 572 of the stop assembly 57 is moved to the extended position so that the impact head assembly 52 is supported on the locking pin 572. For example, the impact head assembly 52 is supported on the locking pin 572 by the carrier 522 of the impact head assembly 52 abutting against and supporting the locking pin 572. This keeps the counterweight 3 and the impact head assembly 52 in the state of being lifted off the ground. At this time, neither the proximity switch of the stop assembly 38 nor the proximity switch of the stop assembly 57 detects the signal of the operating handle. In this state, the impact testing equipment can be moved to the desired position by the rolling of the roller 14 of the base assembly 1.

[0155] like Figure 21 As shown, this illustrates the initial test configuration of the impact testing equipment. In this initial configuration, both the counterweight 3 and the impact head assembly 52 are placed on the ground. Figure 20 In the state shown, you can enter the following way. Figure 21 The initial test state is shown. The counterweight 3 is lifted a certain distance from the locking pin 382 of the stop assembly 38, causing the support part 342 of the counterweight 3 to move away from the locking pin 382. The locking pin 382 is moved from the extended position to the retracted position using the operating handle. At this time, the proximity switch detects the operating handle and sends a signal indicating that the locking pin 382 is in the retracted position. The counterweight 3 is lowered to contact the ground, thus placing the counterweight 3 on the ground. The locking pin 572 of the stop assembly 57 is moved from the extended position to the retracted position. At this time, the proximity switch detects the operating handle and sends a signal indicating that the locking pin 572 is in the retracted position. The impact head assembly 52 is lowered to contact the ground, thus placing the impact head assembly 52 on the ground. The impact testing equipment is thus in the following state: Figure 21 The initial state of the experiment is shown.

[0156] like Figure 22 As shown, it illustrates that the impact device 5 and the counterweight device 3 are in a state ready to begin the impact test. Figure 21 In the initial state of the test shown, the counterweight device 3 is placed on the ground, thereby the lifting component 56 (specifically, the lifting mechanism 58) of the impact device 5, which is connected to the counterweight device 3 via the pulley mechanism 4, is in its released position (e.g., Figure 21 and Figure 22(As shown). At this point, the impact head assembly 52 can be raised to the position of the lifting mechanism 58. Next, the lifting member 582 of the lifting mechanism 58 extends from the outlet 5844 of the receiving chamber 5842, so that the carrier member 522 of the impact head assembly 52 contacts and is supported on the extended lifting member 582. Thus, the impact head assembly 52 is supported on the lifting mechanism 58. At this point, if the connecting mechanism 7 is in the locked state, for example, if the sleeve 72 has been inserted into the adapter 76, and the locking member 766 abuts against the locking part 764 to lock the connecting mechanism 7, the next operation step can be performed. If the connecting mechanism 7 is not engaged, the push rod 78 can be operated to extend it, contacting and pushing the center rod 74 downward along the sleeve orifice 724. The center rod 74 overcomes the biasing force of the elastic element 744 and moves from the locked position to the released position. At this time, the locking recess 748 on the center rod 74 aligns with the locking member 766, and the locking member 766 retracts to receive the locking recess 748, so that the sleeve 72 can be inserted into the connection orifice 762 of the adapter 76 without being obstructed by the locking member 766. The sleeve 72 is inserted into the connection orifice 762 of the adapter 76 and moves downward along the connection orifice 762 until the locking member 766 reaches the position of the locking part 764. The push rod 78 retracts, ceasing to exert force on the center rod 74. Under the bias of the elastic element 744, the center rod 74 moves upward, moving from the released position to the locked position. The locking recess 748 disengages from the locking member 766, and the locking member 766 is pushed outward by the center rod 74, abutting against the locking portion 764 in the connecting hole 762. Thus, the connecting mechanism 7 is in the locked state, and the power unit 6 is connected to the counterweight device 3 via the second rope 66.

[0157] like Figure 23 As shown, it illustrates the state in which the counterweight device 3 is raised to the desired impact energy position in preparation for impact. Figure 22 In the indicated state, the motor 62 of the power unit 6 is operated to lift the counterweight 3 to a designated position. For example, the setting sensor 84 is moved to a position corresponding to the impact energy required for the impact test to be performed on the scale 23, and then the motor 62 of the power unit 6 is operated to lift the counterweight 3 until the setting sensor 84 detects the detection unit 344 and sends a signal indicating that the counterweight 3 has reached the designated position. At this time, the lifting mechanism 58 of the impact device 5 and the impact head assembly 52 correspondingly descend to the position ready for impact.

[0158] like Figure 24The diagram illustrates the state where the counterweight 3 falls and the impact head 524 strikes the test object. After the counterweight 3 is raised to the designated position, it can be released by separating the connecting mechanism 7, allowing it to move downwards vertically under gravity. Specifically, the push rod 78 extends, contacts and pushes the center rod 74 downwards along the sleeve orifice 724. The center rod 74 overcomes the biasing force of the elastic element 744 and moves from the locked position to the released position. At this time, the locking recess 748 on the center rod 74 aligns with the locking member 766, and the locking member 766 retracts to be received in the locking recess 748. At this time, the locking member 766 disengages from the locking portion 764 of the adapter 76, releasing the lock between the sleeve 72 and the adapter 76. The adapter 76 separates from the sleeve 72 under the gravity of the counterweight 3, thereby releasing the counterweight 3 and allowing it to move downwards vertically under gravity. Through the pulley mechanism 4, the downward movement of the counterweight device 3 is converted into the upward movement of the impact device 5, that is, at this time, the lifting mechanism 58 and the impact head assembly 52 of the impact device 5 move upward accordingly. When the counterweight device 3 falls to the ground, the lifting mechanism 58 rises to the release position accordingly, at which point the entire impact testing equipment is in a state of equilibrium with the ground. Figure 22 The same state is shown. Next, the impact head assembly 52 separates from the lifting mechanism 58 and continues to move vertically upward due to inertia to impact the test object. Simultaneously, since the impact head assembly 52 does not exert force on the lifting member 582, the spring 588 retracts the lifting member 582. The lifting mechanism 58 also continues to move upward along the lifting guide rail 562 due to inertia, contacting the buffer 564 to cushion its upward movement, and then causing the lifting mechanism 58 to fall downward along the lifting guide rail 562. After impacting the test object, the impact head assembly 52 falls vertically downward to the ground. Thus, one impact test is completed.

[0159] According to the impact testing equipment of this application, by converting the vertical downward movement of the counterweight device into the vertical upward movement of the impact head, the space under the vehicle can be fully utilized, while also taking full advantage of the hammer impact mode, which is very suitable for impact testing. By employing a quick-disconnect connection mechanism and segmented impact head movement, impact tests can be performed with accurate expected impact energy, resulting in precise test results.

[0160] While exemplary embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Therefore, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of this application as defined by the claims. This application is defined by the appended claims, and equivalents of those claims are also included.

Claims

1. An impact testing apparatus, characterized in that, The impact testing equipment includes: A counterweight device (3) is configured to move downward in the vertical direction under the action of gravity; Impact device (5), the impact device (5) being configured to be driven by the counterweight device (3) to move upward in the vertical direction; and A pulley mechanism (4) is provided, with its input end connected to the counterweight device (3) and its output end connected to the impact device (5), so as to convert the downward vertical movement of the counterweight device (3) under the action of gravity into the upward vertical movement of the impact device (5).

2. The impact testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulley mechanism (4) includes a first fixed pulley (42), a movable pulley (46) and a first rope (44). The first end (442) of the first rope (44) is connected to the impact device (5), and the second end (444) of the first rope (44) is fixedly disposed. The movable pulley (46) is connected to the counterweight device (3).

3. The impact testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact device (5) includes an impact head assembly (52) and a lifting assembly (56). The lifting assembly (56) is connected to the output end of the pulley mechanism (4). The impact head assembly (52) can be releasably supported on the lifting assembly (56) so that during operation, the impact head assembly (52) performs an upward movement driven by the lifting assembly (56) and an upward movement after separating from the lifting assembly (56).

4. The impact testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impact head assembly (52) includes a carrier (522) and an impact head (524) fixed to the carrier (522), the carrier (522) being releasably supported on the lifting assembly (56).

5. The impact testing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impact device (5) further includes a guide assembly (54), which includes a guide rail (542) extending in a vertical direction. The carrier (522) is connected to the guide rail (542) and is capable of moving along the guide rail (542) in a vertical direction.

6. The impact testing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide assembly (54) includes a buffer (546) configured to buffer the upward movement of the impact head assembly (52) in the vertical direction, and the impact head assembly (52) includes a buffer member (526) configured to buffer the downward movement of the impact head assembly (52) in the vertical direction.

7. The impact testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (56) includes a lifting mechanism (58) and a lifting guide rail (562) extending in a vertical direction. The lifting mechanism (58) is connected to the output end of the pulley mechanism (4) and can releasably support the impact head assembly (52). The lifting mechanism (58) is connected to the lifting guide rail (562) and can move along the lifting guide rail (562) in a vertical direction.

8. The impact testing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (56) includes a buffer (564) configured to buffer the upward movement of the lifting mechanism (58) in the vertical direction.

9. The impact testing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (58) includes a lifting member (582) and an elastic member (588). The lifting member (582) is movable between an extended position and a retracted position. In the extended position, the lifting member (582) is able to contact and support the impact head assembly (52). In the retracted position, the lifting member (582) is not in contact with the impact head assembly (52). The elastic member (588) biases the lifting member (582) toward the retracted position.

10. The impact testing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (58) has an outlet (5844) for the lifting member (582) to extend and retract, and a flange (5846) is formed around the periphery of the outlet (5844). The lifting mechanism (58) also includes an elastic member block (586), and the elastic member (588) is arranged between the flange (5846) and the elastic member block (586). The lifting member (582) is connected to the elastic member block (586).

11. The impact testing equipment according to claim 10, characterized in that, The lifting member (582) is pivotally connected to the elastic member pressure block (586). The lifting member (582) is provided with a protrusion (5822). In the extended position, when the impact head assembly (52) is supported on the lifting member (582), the protrusion (5822) abuts against the flange (5846) outside the outlet (5844) to prevent the lifting member (582) from moving to the retracted position. When the impact head assembly (52) is released from the lifting member (582), the biasing force of the elastic member (588) causes the protrusion (5822) to pass over the flange (5846), thereby moving the lifting member (582) from the extended position to the retracted position.

12. The impact testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight device (3) is connected to the connecting mechanism (7) and is configured to be lifted and released via locking and unlocking of the connecting mechanism (7).

13. The impact testing equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism (7) includes a sleeve (72), a center rod (74), and an adapter (76), the adapter (76) being fixed to the counterweight device (3), the center rod (74) being arranged in the sleeve (72) and configured to move relative to the sleeve (72) between a release position and a locking position, in the release position being able to insert into and remove from the adapter (76), and in the locking position being able to lock relative to the adapter (76).

14. The impact testing equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism (7) further includes a locking member (766) received in a locking hole (728) of the sleeve (72), the locking member (766) being configured to interact with the adapter (76) in the locked position to lock the sleeve (72) relative to the adapter (76), and to release the interaction with the adapter (76) in the released position so that the sleeve (72) can be removed from the adapter (76).

15. The impact testing equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that, The adapter (76) has a locking portion (764) and the center rod (74) has a locking recess (748). In the locked position, the locking member (766) is pressed by the center rod (74) onto the locking portion (764) to lock the sleeve (72) relative to the adapter (76). In the released position, the locking member (766) is pressed by the adapter (76) onto the locking recess (748) to release the locking of the sleeve (72) relative to the adapter (76).

16. The impact testing equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, An elastic element (744) is provided between the sleeve (72) and the center rod (74), the elastic element (744) being configured to bias the center rod (74) toward the locking position.

17. The impact testing equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, A limiting groove (746) is formed on the center rod (74), and the limiting groove (746) limits the range of motion of the center rod (74) between the release position and the locking position.

18. The impact testing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The impact device (5) further includes a stop assembly (57) including a locking pin (572) configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein in the extended position the locking pin (572) can contact and support the impact head assembly (52), and in the retracted position the locking pin (572) does not interact with the impact head assembly (52).

19. The impact testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The counterweight device (3) further includes a stop assembly (38) including a locking pin (382) configured to move between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein in the extended position the locking pin (382) can contact and support the counterweight device (3), and in the retracted position the locking pin (382) does not interact with the counterweight device (3).

20. The impact testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The impact testing equipment is equipped with an upper limit sensor (82), which is configured to limit the upper limit height to which the counterweight device (3) can be lifted.

21. The impact testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The impact testing equipment is equipped with a setting sensor (84), which is configured to set the height at which the counterweight device (3) is lifted based on the impact energy required for the impact test.

22. The impact testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The impact testing equipment is equipped with a guide rail configured to guide the counterweight device (3) to move in the vertical direction.

23. The impact testing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The impact testing equipment is equipped with a power unit (6) configured to lift the counterweight device (3).

24. The impact testing equipment according to claim 23, characterized in that, The power unit (6) includes a dual-output shaft motor.

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