A depth-keeping water sample collecting device for groundwater monitoring wells

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of groundwater environment monitoring equipment, and particularly discloses a fixed-depth water sample collecting device for a groundwater monitoring well, which comprises a wellhead cable winding and unwinding assembly and a downhole water collecting main body suspended in a monitoring well by a traction cable; the downhole water collecting main body comprises an anti-collision frame, a sampling bottle, a washing mechanism, a washing driving mechanism, a battery compartment and a counterweight compartment; the sampling bottle, the washing mechanism, the battery compartment and the counterweight compartment are all assembled in the anti-collision frame; the washing driving mechanism is arranged at the top end of the anti-collision frame and is in transmission connection with the washing mechanism; and a self-rotation flow channel is arranged in the sampling bottle in an axial direction, and a first spiral flow guide vane is arranged in the self-rotation flow channel. The device can automatically correct the posture during lowering, directly complete washing replacement in the downhole, improve the authenticity of water sample collection and reduce the error of water quality detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of groundwater environmental monitoring equipment, and in particular to a groundwater monitoring well fixed-depth water sample collection device, specifically a groundwater monitoring well fixed-depth water sample collection device suitable for deep well conditions and equipped with in-situ flushing function. Background Technology

[0002] In groundwater environmental surveys and long-term aquifer water quality monitoring, it is necessary to collect water samples at a specified depth inside groundwater monitoring wells in order to obtain accurate water quality data for the target aquifer.

[0003] Currently, the common fixed-depth samplers on the market have obvious shortcomings in actual deep well operations. After the sampler reaches the predetermined sampling depth, it cannot directly complete the flushing and replacement work inside the sampling chamber downhole. If the residual water in the chamber needs to be removed, the entire set of equipment can only be lifted to the wellhead for treatment, and then lowered back to the target depth for sampling. Multiple lifting and lowering operations increase the workload of field operations and increase the difficulty of field operations.

[0004] During repeated entry and exit of the equipment into the water body, water from the upper well pipe can easily be carried into the sampling bottle, contaminating and interfering with the water sample at the target depth. It is difficult to achieve a completely balanced weight distribution among the various functional compartments of the sampling device. When the equipment is lowered under its own weight, it is prone to tilting. During descent, the equipment may continuously adhere to the inner wall of the well pipe in certain areas, causing abrasion and wear. In severe cases, it may become stuck, unable to be lowered or retrieved, damaging the precision components inside the sampler and causing inaccuracies in depth positioning. Furthermore, residual water from previous sampling and impurities from the well wall inside the sampling bottle are difficult to effectively remove, resulting in differences between the collected water sample and the actual water at the target depth. This leads to inaccurate data obtained from subsequent laboratory testing, failing to objectively reflect the actual water quality of the aquifer.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device that can be used for in-situ flushing and stable placement of groundwater samples. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a groundwater monitoring well fixed-depth water sample collection device, which solves the technical problems of existing deep well sampling, such as the inability to perform in-situ rinsing, easy tilting, scraping and jamming during equipment lowering, and insufficient water sample replacement. It realizes the beneficial effects of automatic self-spinning correction of the equipment attitude during lowering, and direct rinsing and replacement in the well, thereby improving the authenticity of water sample collection and reducing water quality detection errors.

[0007] This invention provides a groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device, comprising: a wellhead cable retraction assembly and a well sampling body suspended and lowered into the monitoring well by a traction cable; the well sampling body includes: a crash barrier, a sampling bottle, a rinsing mechanism, a rinsing drive mechanism, a battery compartment, and a counterweight compartment; the sampling bottle, rinsing mechanism, battery compartment, and counterweight compartment are all assembled inside the crash barrier; the rinsing drive mechanism is located at the top of the crash barrier and is drively connected to the rinsing mechanism; a swirl channel is arranged axially inside the sampling bottle, and a first spiral guide vane is arranged inside the swirl channel.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the wellhead cable retraction assembly includes: a wellhead positioning support, a cable reel, and a cable drive motor; the cable reel is rotatably mounted on the wellhead positioning support; the cable drive motor is driven and connected to the cable reel; and the traction cable is wound around the cable reel.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the anti-collision frame includes: multiple limiting rings, multiple vertical connecting rods, and multiple connecting rods; each of the limiting rings is arranged at vertical intervals, and the vertical connecting rods connect adjacent limiting rings; the connecting rods are disposed inside the upper limiting rings and are used to assemble the washing mechanism.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the sampling bottle includes: a water sampling cylinder, an electromagnetic water inlet valve, and an electromagnetic drain valve; the swirl channel is axially formed in the middle of the water sampling cylinder; the electromagnetic water inlet valve is installed at the bottom end of the swirl channel; and the electromagnetic drain valve is installed at the top end of the swirl channel.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the rinsing mechanism includes: a waterproof shell, two sets of drive columns, a rinsing piston plate, a guide tube, and a second spiral guide vane; wherein the drive columns are disposed through the top surface of the water collection cylinder and are slidably sealed with the water collection cylinder; the bottom end of the drive columns is connected to the rinsing piston plate, and the rinsing piston plate is slidably assembled inside the water collection cylinder; the guide tube is disposed in the middle of the waterproof shell; the second spiral guide vane is assembled inside the guide tube; and the bottom end of the guide tube is connected to the top end of the swirl channel.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the rinsing mechanism further includes: two sets of push blocks, two sets of rinsing springs, two sets of screws, and two sets of reciprocating blocks; the bottom end of the push block is connected to the top end of the drive column; the rinsing spring is disposed between the inner top surface of the waterproof shell and the top end of the push block; the screw is rotatably assembled inside the waterproof shell; and the reciprocating block is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the push block is provided with a guide hole, a matching rod is slidably arranged in the guide hole, a reset spring is arranged inside the guide hole, a reset member is arranged inside the waterproof shell, and reset protrusions are arranged on the matching rod and the reciprocating block.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the washing driving mechanism comprises a cable mounting member, a motor waterproof shell, a driving motor, a motor mounting frame, an outer gear ring, two sets of gears and a rotating mounting member, wherein the cable mounting member is arranged at the top end of the motor waterproof shell, the driving motor is arranged inside the motor waterproof shell, the motor mounting frame connects the motor waterproof shell and the waterproof shell, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the outer gear ring, the outer gear ring is rotatably arranged at the top end of the waterproof shell through the rotating mounting member, and the two sets of gears are respectively engaged with the two sides of the outer gear ring, and the bottom end of the gears is connected with the screw rod.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the battery compartment and the counterweight compartment are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the washing mechanism, a power supply battery and a control board are arranged in the battery compartment, and the power supply battery and the control board are electrically connected with the washing driving mechanism, the electromagnetic water inlet valve and the electromagnetic water outlet valve respectively.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the first spiral guide vane and the second spiral guide vane both adopt a variable pitch structure with a larger lower pitch than an upper pitch.

[0017] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0018] I. Anti-scratching and stable posture: the device automatically spins downward by relying on the spin flow channel and the first spiral guide vane, the counterweight compartment and the battery compartment are symmetrically arranged to correct the center of gravity, the vertical rotating posture is maintained throughout, the situation of scratching and jamming caused by one side of the device being attached to the well wall is greatly reduced, and the device is suitable for deep well and narrow well pipe working conditions.

[0019] II. Realize in-situ washing in the well, and eliminate water sample detection deviation: the washing replacement can be completed without lifting the whole device to the wellhead, the reciprocating movement of the washing piston plate is driven by the washing mechanism, the residual upper water body in the sampling bottle is repeatedly flushed and replaced, the core pain points of traditional deep well sampling, such as no on-site washing and poor water sample representativeness, are solved, and the water quality detection accuracy is improved.

[0020] III. Strong protection of the whole machine, and prolonging the service life of the device: the anti-collision frame wraps the internal precision components such as the sampling bottle and the washing mechanism, the anti-collision frame first contacts the well wall when the device is lowered and deviated, the direct friction and collision of the well pipe on the core water taking and transmission components are isolated, and the probability of component damage in the well operation is reduced.

[0021] Four, integrated operation process, convenient and efficient operation: the whole set of equipment is controlled by the wellhead cable winding assembly, and is put down and recovered. After reaching the target depth, it can automatically complete the whole process of washing and water sample sealing, without manual repeated lifting and lowering of the equipment, reducing the labor consumption of deep well sampling, and simplifying the operation steps of field groundwater monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 The collecting device structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 The cable drive motor structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 The battery compartment installation schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 The anti-collision frame structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 The self-spinning flow channel structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 The first spiral guide vane structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 The waterproof shell structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 The washing drive mechanism structure schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 The screw rod installation schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 For Figure 9 The enlarged schematic diagram of the A area in the middle.

[0033] Icon:

[0034] 100-wellhead cable winding assembly;

[0035] 110 - wellhead positioning support; 120 - cable reel body; 130 - cable drive motor; 140 - traction cable;

[0036] 200 - anti-collision frame;

[0037] 210 - limiting ring; 220 - vertical connecting rod; 230 - connecting plug rod;

[0038] 300 - sampling bottle;

[0039] 310 - water sampling cylinder; 320 - self-spinning flow channel; 330 - first spiral flow guide vane; 340 - electromagnetic water inlet valve; 350 - electromagnetic water outlet valve;

[0040] 400 - washing mechanism;

[0041] 401 - waterproof shell; 402 - drive column; 403 - washing piston plate; 404 - flow guide cylinder; 405 - second spiral flow guide vane; 406 - push block; 407 - washing spring; 408 - screw rod; 409 - reciprocating block; 410 - matching rod; 411 - guide hole; 412 - return spring; 413 - reset member; 414 - reset protrusion;

[0042] 500 - washing drive mechanism;

[0043] 510 - cable mounting member; 520 - motor waterproof shell; 530 - drive motor; 540 - motor mounting bracket; 550 - outer tooth ring; 560 - gear; 570 - rotating mounting member;

[0044] 600 - battery compartment;

[0045] 700 - counterweight compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. The terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 A groundwater monitoring well depth water sample collection device, comprising: a wellhead cable winding and unwinding assembly 100 and a downhole water sampling main body suspended into a monitoring well by a traction cable 140; the downhole water sampling main body comprises: a collision protection frame 200, a sampling bottle 300, a washing mechanism 400, a washing driving mechanism 500, a battery compartment 600 and a counterweight compartment 700; the sampling bottle 300, the washing mechanism 400, the battery compartment 600 and the counterweight compartment 700 are all assembled inside the collision protection frame 200; the washing driving mechanism 500 is arranged at the top end of the collision protection frame 200, and the washing driving mechanism 500 is drivingly connected with the washing mechanism 400; the sampling bottle 300 is provided with a self-rotating flow channel 320 inside along the axial direction, and the self-rotating flow channel 320 is provided with first spiral flow guide vanes 330 inside.

[0050] In the above embodiment, when actually carrying out the groundwater depth sampling operation, first, the wellhead cable winding and unwinding assembly 100 is stably erected at the wellhead platform of the monitoring well, the outlet position is adjusted to be aligned with the central axis of the wellhead, then the lower end of the traction cable 140 is connected and fixed with the top end of the downhole water sampling main body, and after confirming the firm connection, the lowering operation is started. During the lowering process, the groundwater in the well enters the inside of the self-rotating flow channel 320 from the bottom opening of the sampling bottle 300, and when the water flow flows upward along the axial direction through the first spiral flow guide vanes 330, the circumferential flow splitting force is generated under the guidance of the vane curved surface, the reaction force drives the whole downhole water sampling main body to rotate slowly and uniformly around its own central axis, so that the device always maintains the posture of rotating downward in the well pipe, avoids the long-term adhesion of the outer wall to the inner wall of the well pipe on one side, and reduces the risk of scratching and jamming during the lowering process.

[0051] The spin flow channel penetrates the water sampling cylinder along the axial direction and has sufficient flow cross-sectional area, so that a large amount of underground water can continuously flow into the bottom end of the flow channel and flow upward when the device is lowered into the well. The first spiral flow guide vane and the second spiral flow guide vane in the upper flow guide cylinder form a two-stage flow guide structure in series, and the water flow is guided by the curved surface of the two-stage vane twice in succession during the upward process. The circumferential reaction force generated by the two-stage vane is superimposed on each other, which can provide a continuous and stable self-rotating torque for the device. At the same time, the functional components of the underground water sampling main body are symmetrically arranged along the central axis, and the overall structure is compact, the rotation radius is small, and the moment of inertia is low. Under the impact of the water flow formed at the conventional lowering speed, the circumferential torque generated by the two-stage vane is sufficient to overcome the moment of inertia of the device, so as to drive the device to rotate slowly and uniformly around the central axis. The variable-pitch vane gradually increases the circumferential component of the water flow from bottom to top, avoids sudden change of rotation speed caused by water flow impact when the device is first lowered into the well, and makes the self-rotating posture stable and controllable during the whole lowering process.

[0052] The counterweight compartment 700 and the battery compartment 600 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the washing mechanism 400, which can balance the weight distribution on both sides of the device, so that the overall center of gravity always falls on the central axis, and the vertical downward state of the device is further maintained in cooperation with the self-rotating posture, thereby reducing the probability of tilting and jamming caused by the deviation of the center of gravity. The anti-collision frame 200 is wrapped around the periphery of each internal component. If the device deviates slightly during the lowering process, the anti-collision frame 200 will first contact the well wall, which can protect the precise components such as the sampling bottle 300 and the washing mechanism 400, and avoid direct scratching and damage to the components.

[0053] When the device is lowered to the preset target water depth, the in-situ washing program is started first: the washing driving mechanism 500 outputs power and transmits it to the washing mechanism 400, which drives the washing piston plate 403 to reciprocate axially in the sampling bottle 300, cooperates with the water inlet and outlet structure of the sampling bottle 300, and repeatedly sucks the underground water at the target depth into the sampling bottle 300 and then discharges it into the well, so as to replace the residual upper water body and the residual liquid of the previous sampling on the inner wall of the sampling bottle 300 through continuous water flow flushing, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult to wash the sampler in the wellhead and the sample is easily interfered by the upper water body, which leads to deviation of the detection result. After a preset number of washing is completed, the device automatically switches to the sampling and storage state, and the water sample at the target depth is sealed in the sampling bottle 300. Finally, the wellhead cable winding and unwinding assembly 100 retracts the cable 140, and the underground water sampling main body is smoothly lifted to the wellhead. The device stops lowering when it reaches the target water depth, the axial water flow in the self-rotating flow channel disappears, the circumferential driving force on the vane is removed, and the self-rotation of the device gradually stops, so that the device does not continuously rotate during sampling and washing. During the lifting and recovery, the device keeps a non-rotating state and goes upward, and the traction cable is not twisted, so that the single-depth water sampling operation is completed.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The wellhead cable retraction assembly 100 includes: a wellhead positioning support 110, a cable reel 120, and a cable drive motor 130; the cable reel 120 is rotatably mounted on the wellhead positioning support 110; the cable drive motor 130 is connected to the cable reel 120; and the traction cable 140 is wound around the cable reel 120.

[0056] In the above embodiments, when operating the wellhead cable retraction assembly 100, the wellhead positioning support 110 is first placed stably on the wellhead platform of the monitoring well. The support's own weight adheres to the wellhead platform, limiting its position, and stability is maintained without additional drilling. This adapts to monitoring wellheads of different specifications. When adjusting the support position, the cable reel 120's outlet groove is aligned with the wellhead's central axis to ensure that the traction cable 140 always descends along the center of the well pipe after release, preventing long-term friction between the cable and the wellhead edge, which could cause wear and breakage.

[0057] After the cable drive motor 130 is connected to the control circuit, it can output forward and reverse rotation commands through the control switch on the well. The motor output shaft drives the cable reel 120 to rotate at a constant speed around its own axis, realizing the orderly release and rewinding of the traction cable 140. Compared with the traditional manual hand-cranked release and rewinding method, the motor-driven operation speed is more uniform, and there will be no sudden drop or stop of the device in the well due to fluctuations in the force of manual operation. It can reduce the swaying and collision of the device with the well wall during the descent, and also avoid disturbance caused by violent shaking during the lifting of water samples.

[0058] The traction cable 140 is wound sequentially layer by layer onto the cable reel 120, preventing tangled or jammed cables during release. Operators can accurately determine the descent depth of the main water extraction device by recording the number of rotations of the cable drive motor 130 or reading the depth markings on the surface of the traction cable 140, facilitating precise location of the target aquifer. For deeper monitoring wells, the motor drive significantly reduces operator fatigue, and the retrieval speed can be flexibly adjusted according to well conditions. Slowing down at well pipe interfaces and reduced diameter areas further enhances safety and smoothness. The wellhead positioning support 110 also bears the load of the entire retrieval structure, limiting the device's slippage into the well and preventing accidental falls during operation, thus improving wellhead operation safety.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The anti-collision frame 200 includes: multiple limiting rings 210, multiple vertical connecting rods 220, and multiple connecting rods 230; each of the limiting rings 210 is arranged vertically at intervals, and the vertical connecting rods 220 connect adjacent limiting rings 210; the connecting rods 230 are disposed inside the upper limiting rings 210 and are used to assemble the washing mechanism 400.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the anti-collision frame 200 adopts a cage-like frame structure, with multiple limiting rings 210 arranged vertically at intervals, corresponding to the height positions of the sampling bottle 300, battery compartment 600, counterweight compartment 700, and rinsing mechanism 400, respectively. The inner diameter of each limiting ring 210 is adapted to the outer diameter of the corresponding component, forming a radial constraint on each component from the outside, preventing the components from shifting or falling off when impacted or shaken in the well. Vertical connecting rods 220 are evenly distributed circumferentially between each limiting ring 210, connecting all the limiting rings 210 in series into an integral frame. This ensures the overall structural strength and deformation resistance without adding excessive weight. At the same time, the hollow frame structure does not obstruct the flow of water in the well, resulting in less water flow resistance and smoother lowering of the device.

[0062] The upper limiting ring 210 has a connecting rod 230 on its inner side. The rod can be inserted into the corresponding insertion hole of the washing mechanism 400 housing to form a plug-in assembly relationship, which stably fixes the washing mechanism 400 in the upper space of the anti-collision frame 200. The vibration generated by the operation of the washing mechanism 400 can be evenly transmitted to the entire anti-collision frame 200 through the rod, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause the parts to loosen.

[0063] During the lowering and retrieval process, if the device experiences a slight shift due to water flow disturbance, the outer edge of the limiting ring 210 and the vertical connecting rod 220 will first come into contact with the inner wall of the well pipe. This directly prevents the well wall from scraping against the internal sampling bottle 300, solenoid valve, transmission structure, and other precision components, providing a buffering and protective effect. At the same time, the cage frame provides radial positioning for each internal compartment, and combined with the weight balance effect of the counterweight compartment 700, ensures that all internal components are always arranged along the central axis of the device, further maintaining the overall vertical posture, reducing tilting and jamming, and allowing the device to be lowered and retrieved smoothly even in well pipes with small inner diameters.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The sampling bottle 300 includes: a water sampling cylinder 310, an electromagnetic water inlet valve 340, and an electromagnetic drain valve 350; the swirl channel 320 is axially opened in the middle of the water sampling cylinder 310; the electromagnetic water inlet valve 340 is installed at the bottom end of the swirl channel 320; and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 is installed at the top end of the swirl channel 320.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the sampling bottle 300 uses the water collection cylinder 310 as a water storage carrier, forming a closed water storage cavity inside the cylinder. The central swirl channel 320 extends axially through the entire water collection cylinder 310, serving as both the flow channel for water during lowering and the inlet channel for rinsing and sampling. The electromagnetic inlet valve 340 is installed at the bottom inlet of the swirl channel 320, and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 is installed at the top outlet of the swirl channel 320. The two valves are independently controlled and can switch between open and closed states according to the operation stage, cooperating with the movement of the rinsing piston plate 403 to complete water intake, drainage, and sealing.

[0067] During the lowering of the device, both the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 remain closed, completely isolating the internal water storage chamber of the water sampling cylinder 310 from the external underground water body. This prevents upper groundwater of different depths from entering the cylinder during the lowering process, thus preventing residual upper water from contaminating the water samples collected at the target depth and reducing the risk of sample dilution and interference from the source.

[0068] When the target depth is reached and flushing is initiated, the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 is opened first, while the electromagnetic drain valve 350 remains closed. As the flushing piston plate 403 moves upward, the space below the piston inside the water intake cylinder 310 gradually increases, creating a negative pressure that draws groundwater from the target depth into the cylinder through the bottom of the self-rotating flow channel 320. Once the piston reaches the set position, the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 is closed and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 is opened. As the flushing piston plate 403 moves downward, it squeezes the water inside the cylinder, causing the water to flow out through the electromagnetic drain valve 350 at the top and into the external well. This process of water intake and drainage is repeated multiple times, using the water from the target depth to continuously flush the inner wall of the water intake cylinder 310, completely replacing the residual water adhering to the inner wall and achieving in-situ flushing in the well.

[0069] After rinsing is completed, the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 is reopened and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 is closed. The rinsing piston plate 403 moves upward to draw in a sufficient amount of water sample at the target depth. Then, the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 and the electromagnetic drain valve 350 are closed simultaneously, so that the water sampling cylinder 310 forms a completely sealed water storage space. During the subsequent lifting process, the upper layer of water will not mix in, ensuring that the collected water sample corresponds exactly to the target depth and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] Please see Figures 1 to 10The rinsing mechanism 400 includes: a waterproof shell 401, two sets of drive columns 402, a rinsing piston plate 403, a guide cylinder 404, and a second spiral guide vane 405; wherein the drive column 402 is disposed through the top surface of the water collection cylinder 310 and is slidably sealed with the water collection cylinder 310; the bottom end of the drive column 402 is connected to the rinsing piston plate 403, and the rinsing piston plate 403 is slidably assembled inside the water collection cylinder 310; the guide cylinder 404 is disposed in the middle of the waterproof shell 401; the second spiral guide vane 405 is assembled inside the guide cylinder 404; the bottom end of the guide cylinder 404 is connected to the top end of the swirl channel 320.

[0072] In the above embodiments, the waterproof shell 401 serves as the external protective shell of the washing mechanism 400, completely enclosing all internal transmission components to form an independent sealed chamber. This prevents water, silt, and fine particles from entering the transmission mating surface, thus avoiding transmission jamming and component wear caused by silt entering the well, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the washing mechanism 400 in the underwater environment.

[0073] Two sets of drive columns 402 are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the water intake cylinder 310. The columns penetrate the top wall of the cylinder, and a sliding sealing structure is provided at the penetration position. This allows the drive columns 402 to slide back and forth axially while ensuring that the water inside the cylinder does not leak into the waterproof shell 401 through the penetration gap, thus maintaining the airtightness of the water storage chamber. The rinsing piston plate 403 is fixed to the bottom end of the two drive columns 402 and moves synchronously with the drive columns 402. The outer edge of the piston plate is in close contact with the inner wall of the water intake cylinder 310. When moving upward, it can create a suction effect on the water below, and when moving downward, it can create a squeezing effect on the water. The reciprocating motion of the piston realizes the replacement of water in the cylinder and the flushing of the inner wall.

[0074] The guide tube 404 in the middle of the waterproof shell 401 is coaxially connected to the top of the lower swirling channel 320. During the lowering process, the water flow in the swirling channel 320 can smoothly enter the guide tube 404. When it flows through the second spiral guide blade 405, it is guided circumferentially again, forming a continuous guiding effect with the lower first spiral guide blade 330, further enhancing the self-rotation power of the device and maintaining the stability of the self-rotation attitude. The second spiral guide blade 405 also has a rectification function, which can sort the turbulent water flow into a uniform swirling flow, reducing the impact of water turbulence on the device and avoiding irregular shaking when the device descends. During the rinsing and drainage stage, after the electromagnetic drain valve 350 is opened, the water in the cylinder can be discharged upward into the well through the guide tube 404, ensuring a smooth drainage path and preventing drainage obstruction and water pressure accumulation.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] Please see Figures 1 to 10The rinsing mechanism 400 further includes: two sets of push blocks 406, two sets of rinsing springs 407, two sets of screws 408, and two sets of reciprocating blocks 409; the bottom end of the push block 406 is connected to the top end of the drive column 402; the rinsing spring 407 is disposed between the inner top surface of the waterproof shell 401 and the top end of the push block 406; the screw 408 is rotatably assembled inside the waterproof shell 401; the reciprocating block 409 is threadedly connected to the screw 408.

[0077] In the above embodiment, two screws 408 are vertically arranged on both sides inside the waterproof housing 401, with their top ends connected to the power output end of the rinsing drive mechanism 500, and can rotate uniformly around their own axis. A reciprocating block 409 is sleeved on the screws 408, and has an internal thread adapted to the screws 408. When the screws 408 rotate continuously, the reciprocating block 409 can move up and down along the axial direction of the screws 408. A push block 406 is located inside the reciprocating block 409, with its bottom end fixedly connected to the top end of the drive column 402. A rinsing spring 407 is supported between the inner top surface of the waterproof housing 401 and the top end of the push block 406. In the initial state, the spring is in a slightly compressed state, applying a downward preload to the push block 406.

[0078] When the screw 408 drives the reciprocating block 409 to move upward, the reciprocating block 409 supports the push block 406 and rises synchronously. This, in turn, pulls the swirl piston plate 403 upward through the drive column 402. At the same time, the swirl spring 407 is continuously compressed, converting the kinetic energy output by the motor into elastic potential energy for storage. When the stored energy reaches the set level, the push block 406 disengages from the reciprocating block 409, and the swirl spring 407 instantly releases its elastic potential energy, rapidly pushing the push block 406, drive column 402, and swirl piston plate 403 downward at high speed. The reciprocating block 409 slides along the inner wall of the waterproof shell 401.

[0079] Compared to structures where the motor directly drives the piston in reciprocating motion, the spring-loaded release method can output greater thrust in a shorter time, allowing the washing piston plate 403 to achieve a faster downward speed. This causes the water in the water sampling cylinder 310 to be quickly flushed out, forming a stronger flushing flow. This more closely resembles the effect of rapidly shaking the bottle during manual washing, resulting in more thorough washing of the inner wall of the cylinder and a higher degree of cleaning. Simultaneously, the screw 408 can maintain continuous unidirectional rotation to complete the power accumulation, eliminating the need for frequent switching between forward and reverse directions. This makes the motor's operating load more stable, reducing losses from frequent start-stop and reversal operations, extending the service life of downhole power components, and making it more suitable for long-term downhole operations in high-depth monitoring wells, thus reducing the probability of equipment failure.

[0080] Compared to solutions that use high-power motors to directly drive pistons for rapid reciprocating motion, the aforementioned spring-loaded release mechanism is better suited to the special working conditions of downhole water sampling at fixed depths: the downhole water sampling unit is limited by the inner diameter of the well pipe, resulting in a small internal installation space. Furthermore, it uses a built-in battery for power, and high-power motors suffer from large size, high power consumption, and overheating issues during continuous operation, making it difficult to operate stably for extended periods in the confined space of deep wells. This solution, however, uses a screw that rotates continuously in one direction to compress a spring, storing energy, which is then released instantaneously to push the piston downwards at high speed. This achieves greater instantaneous thrust and piston speed even with limited motor output power, creating a stronger flushing flow and achieving the rapid flushing effect typically achievable with high-power motors. Simultaneously, the screw maintains continuous unidirectional rotation, eliminating the need for frequent switching between forward and reverse directions, ensuring stable motor operation and avoiding electrical and mechanical losses caused by frequent start-stop and reversal. All components are purely mechanical, offering higher reliability in humid, muddy environments compared to complex motor speed control and reversal control schemes, making it more suitable for the long-term downhole operation requirements of high-depth monitoring wells.

[0081] Example 7

[0082] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The push block 406 has a guide hole 411, and a mating rod 410 is slidably assembled in the guide hole 411; a return spring 412 is provided inside the guide hole 411; a return member 413 is provided inside the waterproof shell 401; and a return protrusion 414 is provided on both the mating rod 410 and the reciprocating block 409.

[0083] In the above embodiment, a transverse guide hole 411 is provided inside the push block 406. The mating rod 410 is slidably assembled in the guide hole 411. The return spring 412 is installed on the inner end of the guide hole 411, with one end abutting against the inner wall of the guide hole 411 and the other end abutting against the inner end of the mating rod 410. Under normal conditions, the return spring 412 is in the extended state, pushing the mating rod 410 outward, so that the outer end of the mating rod 410 extends out of the side of the push block 406, forming a boss structure that can be engaged with the reciprocating block 409. The reset member 413 is fixed at the upper part of the inner wall of the waterproof shell 401. Corresponding to the limit height of the push block 406, the upper and lower surfaces of the outer end of the mating rod 410 and the corresponding mating positions of the reciprocating block 409 are provided with reset protrusions 414. The end face of the protrusion is an inclined slope, and the two sets of slopes can slide against each other.

[0084] When the screw 408 drives the reciprocating block 409 to move upward from the bottom, the top surface of the reciprocating block 409 will abut against the bottom surface of the extended part of the mating rod 410. Since the bottom surface of the mating rod 410 is a planar engaging structure, the reciprocating block 409 can stably support the mating rod 410, driving the push block 406 to move upward together, continuously compressing the swaying spring 407 to complete the storage of force. When the push block 406 moves up to the height of the reset member 413, the slope of the reset protrusion 414 on the top surface of the outer end of the mating rod 410 will contact the slope of the reset member 413. As the reciprocating block 409 continues to move upward, the interaction force between the slopes will generate a lateral component force, pushing the mating rod 410 into the guide hole 411, compressing the reset spring 412, until the mating rod 410 is completely retracted into the push block 406 and disengages from the reciprocating block 409. At the moment of disengagement, the elastic potential energy stored in the swirl spring 407 is rapidly released, pushing the push block 406, drive column 402 and swirl piston plate 403 downwards at high speed to complete one drainage flushing action.

[0085] After the reciprocating block 409 continues to move upward and passes the reset member 413, the mating rod 410 loses radial pressure and extends out of the side of the push block 406 again under the elastic force of the reset spring 412. When the screw 408 drives the reciprocating block 409 to return downward, the slope of the reset protrusion 414 on the reciprocating block 409 will contact the slope of the bottom surface of the mating rod 410, generating a lateral force to push the mating rod 410 inward and retract it, so that the reciprocating block 409 can smoothly descend to below the mating rod 410, preparing for the next lifting and accumulating force.

[0086] The timing of the aforementioned disengagement and resetting actions is rigidly determined by the installation position of the resetting component. The resetting component is fixed at a set height on the inner wall of the waterproof housing. When the push block moves upwards with the reciprocating block to this height, the resetting protruding slope at the outer end of the mating rod contacts the slope of the resetting component. Through the sliding engagement between the inclined surfaces, the mating rod is forcibly pushed back, achieving disengagement between the push block and the reciprocating block. This disengagement timing is determined by the spatial position of the mechanical structure and is unaffected by fluctuations in spring compression, water temperature changes, or minor wear of components, ensuring a stable and reliable disengagement action. The slope of the resetting protrusion has sufficient contact area and inclination angle. When the reciprocating block returns downwards, even if there is a slight misalignment between the two sets of slopes, the sliding contact between the inclined surfaces can automatically guide alignment, smoothly pushing the mating rod back. The resetting spring is in a pre-compressed state, and its elastic force, within a reasonable range, ensures the normal extension and retraction of the mating rod, without requiring precise matching with the slope force component. An appropriate clearance is left between the mating rod and the guide hole. The slope is a sloping sliding contact with a self-cleaning effect. A small amount of mud and sand can be discharged automatically with the reciprocating motion of the mating rod without causing jamming or misalignment. This ensures that the reciprocating block moves smoothly during long-term cyclical motion.

[0087] The entire structure relies on the slope of the reset protrusion 414 to automatically complete the complete cycle of lifting and accumulating power, disengaging and releasing, and returning to reset under the premise of continuous unidirectional rotation of the screw 408. No additional reversing control structure is required, the mechanical structure has higher reliability, is not easily affected by the damp and muddy environment downhole, and is suitable for complex downhole operating environments.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The washing drive mechanism 500 includes: a cable mounting component 510, a motor waterproof housing 520, a drive motor 530, a motor mounting bracket 540, an external gear ring 550, two sets of gears 560, and a rotating mounting component 570; wherein the cable mounting component 510 is disposed at the top of the motor waterproof housing 520; the drive motor 530 is arranged inside the motor waterproof housing 520; the motor mounting bracket 540 connects the motor waterproof housing 520 and the waterproof housing 401; the output end of the drive motor 530 is connected to the external gear ring 550, and the external gear ring 550 is rotatably mounted on the top of the waterproof housing 401 via the rotating mounting component 570; the two sets of gears 560 are respectively meshed on both sides of the external gear ring 550, and the bottom end of the gears 560 is connected to the screw 408.

[0090] In the above embodiment, the cable mounting component 510 is fixed at the top center of the motor waterproof housing 520 and firmly connected to the end of the traction cable 140, evenly transferring the weight of the entire downhole water extraction unit to the traction cable 140. The centered connection point prevents the device from tilting due to uneven load, ensuring a vertical posture during lowering. The motor waterproof housing 520 has a closed mounting cavity inside, and the drive motor 530 is fixedly installed inside the cavity. The housing is sealed to completely isolate the water and sediment in the well, providing waterproof protection for the drive motor 530 and ensuring its normal operation in the underwater environment.

[0091] The motor mounting bracket 540 connects the motor waterproof housing 520 and the waterproof housing 401 of the lower rinsing mechanism 400, integrating the drive unit and the rinsing transmission unit into a single structure. It also precisely positions the drive motor 530, ensuring the coaxiality of the motor output shaft and the lower external gear ring 550, reducing transmission deviation and wear. The output shaft of the drive motor 530 extends downwards and connects to the central shaft of the external gear ring 550, driving the external gear ring 550 to rotate around its central axis. The external gear ring 550 is supported on the top of the waterproof housing 401 by a rotating mounting component 570. The rotating mounting component 570 provides both radial and axial limits to the external gear ring 550, ensuring that the external gear ring 550 does not experience radial offset or axial movement during rotation, resulting in smoother operation.

[0092] Two sets of gears 560 mesh simultaneously on both sides of the external gear ring 550. When the drive motor 530 drives the external gear ring 550 to rotate, it can synchronously transmit power to the gears 560 on both sides, thereby driving the two screws 408 to maintain the same speed and direction. This allows the reciprocating blocks 409 on both sides to rise and fall synchronously, ensuring that the force on both ends of the push block 406 and the washing piston plate 403 is completely uniform. This prevents the washing piston plate 403 from tilting due to force on one side, which can improve the service life of the piston sealing structure and reduce the possibility of piston jamming. By using the synchronous transmission method of the external gear ring 550, only one drive motor 530 is needed to achieve synchronous drive of the screws 408 on both sides, simplifying the downhole power structure, reducing the number of electrical components, and fundamentally reducing the risk of asynchronous operation on both sides.

[0093] A rotary connection structure is provided between the cable mounting component and the top of the motor's waterproof housing. This rotary connection structure has a built-in bearing, allowing the entire underground water extraction unit to rotate freely relative to the traction cable around its central axis. During the lowering process, the circumferential torque generated by the water flow-driven blades only causes the underground water extraction unit to rotate. The traction cable is decoupled from the main unit through the rotary connection structure and does not twist synchronously with the unit, thus avoiding the accumulation of torsional torque due to continuous twisting of the cable and fundamentally eliminating the risk of reverse rotation or jamming of the unit. The rotary connection structure also bears the axial load, evenly transferring the overall weight of the underground water extraction unit to the traction cable.

[0094] Example 9

[0095] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The battery compartment 600 and the counterweight compartment 700 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the washing mechanism 400; the battery compartment 600 is equipped with a power supply battery and a control board, which are electrically connected to the washing drive mechanism 500, the electromagnetic water inlet valve 340 and the electromagnetic drain valve 350, respectively.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the battery compartment 600 and the counterweight compartment 700 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the washing mechanism 400. The battery compartment 600 houses the power supply battery and control circuit board, providing power and control logic for the entire set of downhole electrical components. The counterweight compartment 700 is filled with counterweight material, and its overall weight matches the total weight of the battery compartment 600, ensuring that the center of gravity of the entire downhole water extraction unit is precisely located on the central axis. The centrally located structure allows the device to maintain a stable vertical posture during lowering, preventing tilting caused by unilateral imbalance. Combined with the rotation effect of the self-rotating flow channel 320, it further reduces friction between the device and the well wall, improving the smoothness of lowering.

[0097] The power supply battery is built-in, eliminating the need for long-distance power transmission from the well via the traction cable 140. This reduces the number of core wires in the traction cable 140, lowers the cable's weight and manufacturing cost, and avoids voltage drop issues caused by long-distance power supply. It can still ensure stable operating voltage for electrical components in deep monitoring wells, adapting to the needs of deeper groundwater sampling.

[0098] The control board is built into the battery compartment 600 and can be pre-set with operating parameters such as the number of rinses, valve opening and closing sequence, and sampling process. After the device reaches the target depth, it can automatically complete the entire process of rinsing, sampling, and sealing according to the preset program. This eliminates the need for operators to transmit control signals via cables in real time, reducing the risk of long-distance signal transmission failures. During operation, the control board can sequentially control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic inlet valve 340 and electromagnetic drain valve 350, as well as the start and stop of the rinsing drive mechanism 500, according to preset logic. This precisely coordinates with the movement rhythm of the rinsing piston plate 403, ensuring smooth connection of water inlet and drainage actions during the rinsing process. After completing the set number of rinses, it automatically switches to the sampling and sealing state, ensuring the consistency of each sampling process, reducing errors caused by manual operation, further improving the representativeness of the water sample, and reducing the deviation of the test results.

[0099] Example 10

[0100] Please see Figures 1 to 10 Both the first helical guide vane 330 and the second helical guide vane 405 adopt a variable pitch structure with a lower pitch greater than the upper pitch.

[0101] In the above embodiments, both the first spiral guide vane 330 and the second spiral guide vane 405 adopt a variable pitch structure with a large lower pitch and a small upper pitch. During the lowering of the device, the groundwater enters from the bottom inlet of the flow channel and first contacts the lower blade segment with a larger pitch. At this time, the axial tilt angle of the blade is smaller, and the circumferential component force generated by the water flow along the blade is relatively small, which allows the device to start spinning slowly and avoids the large impact force of the water flow when it first enters the well, which could cause the device to suddenly rotate and become unstable.

[0102] As the water continues to flow upward, the pitch of the blades gradually decreases, the axial tilt angle of the blades gradually increases, and the circumferential diversion ratio of the water flow gradually increases. This can apply a continuous and stable circumferential force to the device, maintain a uniform spin speed, and prevent significant fluctuations in rotation speed due to pressure changes during the upward flow of water. This allows the device to maintain a uniform and gentle spin state throughout the entire descent process.

[0103] Two sets of variable pitch guide vanes are respectively installed inside the spin channel 320 and the guide tube 404, and the pitch change trend is consistent. When the water flows from the lower spin channel 320 into the upper guide tube 404, the flow pattern can be smoothly connected and there will be no turbulence caused by the sudden change of the blade structure, thus avoiding irregular shaking caused by the impact of water turbulence on the device.

[0104] The stable and uniform spin ensures that the device maintains a consistent circumferential clearance within the well casing, preventing prolonged close contact between one side and the well wall. This reduces friction and wear between the device's outer wall and the well casing's inner wall, extending the equipment's lifespan. It also lowers the risk of jamming during lowering, significantly improving the smoothness of lowering and retrieving the device and reducing operation time, especially in deep, small-diameter monitoring wells. Furthermore, the uniform spin allows for more even water flow scouring of the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 310 during the washing process, eliminating blind spots and further enhancing the overall washing effect, ensuring sufficient water sample replacement.

[0105] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0106] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A groundwater monitoring well depth-based water sample collection device, characterized in that, include: The wellhead cable retraction assembly (100) and the downhole water extraction body suspended and lowered into the monitoring well by the traction cable (140); The underground water extraction system includes: The components include a crash shield (200), a sampling bottle (300), a rinsing mechanism (400), a rinsing drive mechanism (500), a battery compartment (600), and a counterweight compartment (700). The sampling bottle (300), rinsing mechanism (400), battery compartment (600) and counterweight compartment (700) are all assembled inside the anti-collision frame (200); The rinsing drive mechanism (500) is located at the top of the anti-collision frame (200), and the rinsing drive mechanism (500) is connected to the rinsing mechanism (400). The sampling bottle (300) has a spin channel (320) arranged axially inside, and a first spiral guide vane (330) is arranged inside the spin channel (320).

2. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wellhead cable retraction assembly (100) includes: Wellhead positioning support (110), cable reel (120), and cable drive motor (130); The cable reel (120) is rotatably mounted on the wellhead positioning support (110). The cable drive motor (130) drives the cable reel (120). The traction cable (140) is wound around the cable reel (120).

3. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crash barrier (200) includes: Multiple limiting rings (210), multiple vertical connecting rods (220), and multiple connecting plug rods (230); Each of the limiting rings (210) is arranged at vertical intervals, and the vertical connecting rod (220) connects adjacent limiting rings (210). The connecting rod (230) is located inside the upper limiting ring (210) and is used to assemble the washing mechanism (400).

4. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling bottle (300) includes: Water intake cylinder (310), electromagnetic inlet valve (340) and electromagnetic drain valve (350); The swirl channel (320) is axially located in the middle of the water intake cylinder (310); The electromagnetic water inlet valve (340) is installed at the bottom end of the swirl channel (320); The electromagnetic drain valve (350) is installed at the top of the swirl channel (320).

5. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The washing mechanism (400) includes: The waterproof shell (401), two sets of drive columns (402), a swirl piston plate (403), a guide tube (404), and a second spiral guide vane (405); among which The drive column (402) is installed through the top surface of the water collection cylinder (310) and is in sliding sealing cooperation with the water collection cylinder (310); The bottom end of the drive column (402) is connected to the washing piston plate (403), and the washing piston plate (403) is slidably assembled inside the water collection cylinder (310). The flow guide tube (404) is disposed in the middle of the waterproof shell (401); The second spiral guide vane (405) is assembled inside the guide tube (404); The bottom end of the guide tube (404) is connected to the top end of the spin channel (320).

6. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The washing mechanism (400) also includes: Two sets of push blocks (406), two sets of swaying springs (407), two sets of screws (408), and two sets of reciprocating blocks (409); The bottom end of the push block (406) is connected to the top end of the drive column (402); The rinsing spring (407) is disposed between the inner top surface of the waterproof shell (401) and the top of the push block (406); The screw (408) is rotatably mounted inside the waterproof housing (401); The reciprocating block (409) is threadedly connected to the screw (408).

7. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The push block (406) has a guide hole (411), and a mating rod (410) is slidably fitted inside the guide hole (411). A return spring (412) is provided inside the guide hole (411). The waterproof shell (401) is provided with a reset component (413), and the mating rod (410) and the reciprocating block (409) are both provided with reset protrusions (414).

8. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The washing drive mechanism (500) includes: Cable mounting bracket (510), motor waterproof housing (520), drive motor (530), motor mounting bracket (540), external gear ring (550), two sets of gears (560), and rotating mounting bracket (570); among which The cable mounting component (510) is disposed at the top of the motor waterproof housing (520); The drive motor (530) is arranged inside the motor waterproof housing (520); The motor mounting bracket (540) connects the motor waterproof housing (520) and the waterproof housing (401). The output end of the drive motor (530) is connected to the external gear ring (550), and the external gear ring (550) is rotatably mounted on the top of the waterproof shell (401) through the rotating mounting part (570); The two sets of gears (560) are respectively meshed on both sides of the external gear ring (550), and the bottom end of the gears (560) is connected to the screw (408).

9. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery compartment (600) and the counterweight compartment (700) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the washing mechanism (400); The battery compartment (600) is equipped with a power supply battery and a control board, which are electrically connected to the washing drive mechanism (500), the electromagnetic water inlet valve (340), and the electromagnetic drain valve (350), respectively.

10. The groundwater monitoring well depth sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first spiral guide vane (330) and the second spiral guide vane (405) adopt a variable pitch structure with a lower pitch greater than the upper pitch.

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