A high-temperature high-pressure multi-field coupling fretting corrosion simulation experiment device and a testing method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupling fretting corrosion simulation experiment device and a testing method. The device comprises a high-pressure corrosion cylinder assembly, a fretting platform assembly, a driving assembly, a pressure control and instrument assembly, an observation joint assembly and a heating auxiliary assembly. A gas-liquid two-phase experimental cavity is formed in the cylinder, which comprises a lower part containing a liquid-phase corrosion medium and an upper part forming a high-pressure gas layer, and the fretting platform assembly is immersed in the liquid-phase corrosion medium. An external actuator drives a fretting sliding table through an external force sensor and a through-wall driving connecting rod, so that a test piece reciprocally frets tangentially relative to a friction foreign object, and a dynamic sealing structure is arranged at the through-wall part. The heating auxiliary assembly is used for heating the experimental cavity, the pressure is transmitted from the high-pressure gas layer to the liquid-phase corrosion medium, and the observation joint assembly is used for in-situ observation. The application can construct a fretting corrosion test environment coupled with high temperature, high pressure, liquid-phase medium and fretting load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear reactor material performance testing and wear simulation technology, specifically an experimental device and testing method for high-temperature, high-pressure, multi-field coupled micro-motion erosion simulation. Background Technology

[0002] During nuclear reactor operation, the fuel rod bundles may experience flow-induced vibrations due to the coolant flow, causing minute reciprocating relative movements between the fuel cladding and the positioning grid, wire windings, or other support structures. The long-term accumulation of these relative movements can lead to surface wear of the cladding material, thinning of the wall thickness, and localized stress concentration, thereby affecting the service reliability of the fuel elements.

[0003] The service environment of a nuclear reactor's primary loop typically features high temperature, high pressure, coolant medium, and fretting loads. Under the combined influence of these factors, material surfaces may experience a synergistic effect of wear and corrosion, and their fretting erosion behavior differs from that under normal temperature and pressure conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct fretting erosion simulation tests on materials under conditions close to actual service environments.

[0004] Conventional fretting wear testing equipment typically operates in air, room temperature water baths, or ordinary liquid environments, making it difficult to simultaneously create a coupled environment of high temperature, high pressure, liquid medium, and fretting load. Some high-temperature and high-pressure testing devices place the driving or detection components inside the experimental chamber, making the sensors susceptible to the effects of high temperature, high pressure, or the medium; dynamic sealing is also difficult when the driving component penetrates the pressure boundary.

[0005] Furthermore, the high-temperature, high-pressure, and sealed environment is not conducive to in-situ observation of the abrasion process; the normal loading structure of some devices is prone to lateral displacement or overturning; and the complex internal installation structure also increases the difficulty of specimen disassembly and assembly, experimental chamber cleaning, and maintenance. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device and testing method with clear structural relationships, separate temperature and pressure adjustment, external driving force measurement, and the ability to perform in-situ observation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the problems of existing technologies, such as difficulty in simultaneously constructing experimental environments with high temperature, high pressure, liquid medium and fretting load coupling, the susceptibility of driving and detection components to the influence of experimental media, difficulty in dynamic sealing through walls, insufficient stability of normal loading, difficulty in in-situ observation of the abrasion process, and inconvenience in disassembling and maintaining specimens.

[0007] This invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device, including a high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly, a micro-motion platform assembly disposed inside the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly, a drive assembly assembly disposed outside the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly and connected to the micro-motion platform assembly, a pressure control and instrumentation assembly disposed on the top of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly, an observation connector assembly disposed on the side wall of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly, and a heating auxiliary assembly disposed at the bottom of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly.

[0008] A gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber is formed inside the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly. The lower part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber contains the liquid abrasive medium, and the micro-motion platform assembly is immersed in the liquid abrasive medium; a high-pressure gas layer is formed in the upper part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber. A heating auxiliary assembly is used to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber.

[0009] The drive assembly includes an external actuator, an external force sensor, and a drive linkage that penetrates the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly. The inner end of the drive linkage is connected to the micro-motion platform assembly, and the outer end of the drive linkage is connected to the external force sensor and the external actuator; a dynamic sealing structure is provided between the drive linkage and the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly.

[0010] The specimen is mounted on the micro-motion slide, the friction object is located above the specimen and abuts against the specimen, and the counterweight applies a normal load to the specimen through the friction object; the external actuator drives the micro-motion slide through the drive linkage, so that the specimen performs tangential reciprocating micro-motion relative to the friction object.

[0011] The high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly includes a cylinder body, a cylinder head located at the upper end of the cylinder body, a cylinder flange located at the lower end of the cylinder body, and a flange cover that is sealed to the cylinder flange. A platform support pipe is installed inside the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber. The platform support pipe is arranged along the central axis of the cylinder body, with its lower end connected to the flange cover and its upper end connected to the micro-motion base plate of the micro-motion platform assembly.

[0012] The high-pressure gas layer is located above the liquid abrasive medium and is connected to the pressure control and instrumentation components to transmit pressure to the liquid abrasive medium.

[0013] The pressure control and instrumentation assembly includes an inlet, an outlet, a safety valve, a pressure measuring component, and a temperature measuring component, all connected to the high-pressure gas layer. The inlet is used to introduce high-pressure gas, the outlet is used to release pressure and exhaust gas, the safety valve is used to release overpressure, the pressure measuring component is used to measure the pressure of the high-pressure gas layer, and the temperature measuring component is used to measure the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber.

[0014] The micro-motion platform assembly includes a micro-motion base plate and a micro-motion slide. The micro-motion base plate has multiple ball grooves extending tangentially along the reciprocating motion direction and spaced apart on its surface opposite to the micro-motion slide. Multiple sliding balls are positioned between the micro-motion base plate and the micro-motion slide, each ball being at least partially accommodated within its corresponding ball groove. The micro-motion slide is supported by the sliding balls and can perform tangential reciprocating motion relative to the micro-motion base plate under the drive of the drive assembly. Under normal load, the multiple ball grooves cooperate with the sliding balls to guide the tangential reciprocating motion of the micro-motion slide and limit its lateral offset or rotation around its vertical axis. Multiple friction pair guide rods are provided on the micro-motion base plate, vertically arranged and distributed around the periphery of the micro-motion slide.

[0015] A specimen mounting position is set on the fretting slide, and a specimen is placed on the specimen mounting position. Specimen pressure rods are set on both sides of the specimen mounting position. The specimen pressure rods are connected to the fretting slide through specimen screws and are pressed against the specimen under the axial pressing action of the specimen screws.

[0016] A friction pair base plate is installed on the upper part of the micro-motion base plate, and guide notches corresponding to the friction pair guide rods are provided around the periphery of the friction pair base plate. Each friction pair guide rod extends into its corresponding guide notch to limit the lateral displacement or overturning of the friction pair base plate. The friction pair base plate is not fixed to the micro-motion base plate.

[0017] A friction pair is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the friction pair base plate, and a friction foreign object is placed at the bottom of the friction pair, which abuts against the specimen. The friction pair base plate is supported on the specimen in sequence by the friction pair and the friction foreign object. A vertical positioning rod is set on the top of the friction pair base plate, and a counterweight is fitted on the vertical positioning rod; the weight of the counterweight is transferred to the specimen in sequence through the friction pair base plate, the friction pair, and the friction foreign object to apply a normal load to the specimen.

[0018] The drive linkage passes horizontally through the side wall of the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly, and its inner end is connected to the micro-motion slide via the drive joint assembly; the output end of the external actuator is connected to the outer end of the drive linkage via an external force sensor.

[0019] The dynamic sealing structure includes a sealing sleeve disposed between the drive connecting rod and the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly. Multiple sealing rings are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod inside the sealing sleeve, with spacers between adjacent sealing rings. A set screw is provided at the end of the sealing sleeve for pressing the sealing rings axially along the drive connecting rod.

[0020] This invention also provides a high-temperature, high-pressure, multi-field coupled fretting abrasion test method, including specimen installation, contact with the friction foreign object, and normal loading with a counterweight; adding a liquid-phase abrasive medium and sealing the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber; introducing high-pressure gas to form a high-pressure gas layer and transmitting pressure to the liquid-phase abrasive medium; adjusting the temperature and pressure respectively; driving the fretting slide to make the specimen perform tangential reciprocating fretting relative to the friction foreign object; acquiring tangential force signals; observing the fretting abrasion process in situ; stopping the drive and heating after the test, cooling, depressurizing, and removing the specimen for analysis.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: First, the high-pressure gas layer transmits pressure to the liquid abrasive medium and, together with the heating auxiliary components, heats the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber, thus creating a coupled environment of high temperature, high pressure, liquid medium, and fretting load. Temperature and pressure are detected and adjusted separately, which is beneficial to expanding the adjustment range of experimental conditions.

[0022] Secondly, the external actuator and external force sensor are located outside the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly, which can reduce the direct impact of high-temperature and high-pressure media on the drive and detection components; the dynamic sealing structure at the drive connecting rod through the wall helps to maintain the pressure boundary.

[0023] Third, the sliding ball bearings support the micro-motion slide, which can reduce the motion resistance between the micro-motion slide and the micro-motion base plate; the multiple spaced ball bearing grooves and sliding balls maintain cooperation under normal load, which can guide the tangential reciprocating motion and limit the lateral offset or rotation of the micro-motion slide around the vertical axis.

[0024] Fourth, the vertically set friction pair guide rod cooperates with the guide notch around the periphery of the friction pair base plate to laterally limit the friction pair base plate, restricting the friction pair base plate from lateral displacement or overturning, and does not participate in the tangential motion guidance of the micro-motion slide.

[0025] Fifth, the weight of the counterweight is transmitted to the specimen sequentially through the friction pair base plate, the friction pair, and the friction foreign object, which can apply a stable normal load to the specimen; the vertical positioning rod positions the counterweight.

[0026] Sixth, the observation joint assembly can be used for in-situ observation or online detection of the abrasion process, thereby obtaining information about the abrasion process.

[0027] Seventh, the platform support pipe connects the micro-motion base plate to the flange cover. When the flange cover is opened, the micro-motion platform assembly can be moved out, which facilitates specimen disassembly and assembly, experimental chamber cleaning, and device maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the micro-motion platform component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the micro-motion platform component of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive assembly component of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the drive assembly and dynamic sealing structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the testing method. Legend: 1. High-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly; 2. Micro-motion platform assembly; 3. Drive assembly assembly; 4. Pressure control and instrumentation assembly; 5. Observation joint assembly; 6. Heating auxiliary assembly; 7. Cylinder body; 8. Cylinder head; 9. Cylinder flange; 10. Flange cover; 11. Flange bolts; 12. Flange sealing ring; 13. Gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber; 14. Liquid phase abrasive medium; 15. High-pressure gas layer; 16. Platform support pipe; 17. Micro-motion base plate; 18. Micro-motion slide; 19. Sliding ball; 20. Friction pair guide rod; 21. Specimen mounting position; 22. Specimen; 23. Specimen pressure rod; 24. Specimen screw; 26. Friction pair base plate; 27. Friction pair; 28. Vertical positioning rod; 29. ​​Counterweight; 30. External actuator; 31. External force sensor; 32. Drive connecting rod; 33. Drive joint assembly; 34. 35. Dynamic sealing structure; 36. Sealing sleeve; 37. Sealing ring; 38. Sealing ring spacer; 39. Air inlet; 40. Exhaust outlet; 41. Safety valve; 44. Observation window; 46. Electric heating rod; 48. Friction foreign matter. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to unduly limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Connections, sealing, and control components not specifically described may employ conventional structures suitable for corresponding high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device of this embodiment includes a high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1, a micro-motion platform assembly 2, a drive assembly assembly 3, a pressure control and instrumentation assembly 4, an observation connector assembly 5, and a heating auxiliary assembly 6. The high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1 forms a closed gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13; the micro-motion platform assembly 2 is disposed inside the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13; the drive assembly assembly 3 is located outside the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1 and connected to the micro-motion platform assembly 2; the pressure control and instrumentation assembly 4 is disposed at the top of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1; the observation connector assembly 5 is disposed on its side wall; and the heating auxiliary assembly 6 is disposed at its bottom.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly 1 includes a cylinder body 7, a cylinder head 8 disposed at the upper end of the cylinder body 7, a cylinder flange 9 disposed at the lower end of the cylinder body 7, and a flange cover 10 that is sealed and connected to the cylinder flange 9. A flange sealing ring 12 is provided between the cylinder flange 9 and the flange cover 10, and they are connected by flange bolts 11 to form an openable pressure boundary.

[0039] In one embodiment, the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1 is designed according to representative operating conditions of 350℃ and 15MPa. The cylinder body 7 is made of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant alloy suitable for the corresponding temperature, pressure, and medium. The design calculations refer to GB / T 150-2011 "Pressure Vessels", and a corrosion allowance of 3mm is taken based on the calculated wall thickness. The cylinder head 8 and the cylinder body 7 are fully penetrated by argon arc welding. After welding, non-destructive testing is performed to ensure that the weld quality reaches Grade I. The sealing surfaces of the cylinder flange 9 and the flange cover 10 are of the concave-convex surface type, and together with the flange sealing ring 12, they form a high-temperature and high-pressure seal.

[0040] A platform support tube 16 is installed inside the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13. The platform support tube 16 is arranged along the central axis of the main body 7, with its lower end connected to the flange cover 10 and its upper end connected to the micro-motion base plate 17 of the micro-motion platform assembly 2. When the flange cover 10 is opened and removed, the platform support tube 16 and the micro-motion platform assembly 2 connected to it can be moved out of the main body 7 along with the flange cover 10, so as to clamp or remove the specimen 22 and clean the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the lower part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 contains the liquid abrasive medium 14, and the micro-motion platform assembly 2 is immersed in the liquid abrasive medium 14; a high-pressure gas layer 15 is formed above the liquid abrasive medium 14. The high-pressure gas layer 15 is connected to the pressure control and instrumentation assembly 4 and transmits pressure to the liquid abrasive medium 14, so that the specimen 22, the friction foreign object 48, and the friction pair 27 can be placed in the pressurized liquid abrasive medium 14.

[0042] like Figure 4and Figure 5 As shown, the micro-motion platform assembly 2 includes a micro-motion base plate 17 and a micro-motion slide 18. At least one of the micro-motion base plate 17 and the micro-motion slide 18 has multiple ball grooves extending along the tangential reciprocating motion direction on its opposing surfaces, and the multiple ball grooves are arranged laterally at intervals. Four sliding balls 19 are arranged between the micro-motion base plate 17 and the micro-motion slide 18, and each sliding ball 19 is at least partially accommodated in its corresponding ball groove. The micro-motion slide 18 is supported by the sliding balls 19 and performs tangential reciprocating motion relative to the micro-motion base plate 17 under the drive of the drive assembly 3. Normal load keeps the sliding balls 19 engaged with the ball grooves; the multiple spaced-apart ball grooves together guide the tangential reciprocating motion of the micro-motion slide 18 and limit the lateral offset or rotation of the micro-motion slide 18 about the vertical axis. The supporting surface of the micro-motion base plate 17 is surface ground, and the opposing surface of the micro-motion slide 18 is polished to reduce reciprocating motion resistance.

[0043] Multiple friction pair guide rods 20 are mounted on the micro-motion base plate 17. These guide rods 20 are vertically arranged and distributed around the periphery of the micro-motion slide table 18. The friction pair base plate 26 is positioned above the micro-motion slide table 18, with guide notches corresponding to the friction pair guide rods 20 along its periphery. Each friction pair guide rod 20 extends into its corresponding guide notch, providing lateral restraint to the friction pair base plate 26 to prevent lateral displacement or overturning. The friction pair guide rods 20 are not used to guide or constrain the tangential reciprocating motion of the micro-motion slide table 18.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, a specimen mounting position 21 is provided on the micro-motion slide 18, and the specimen 22 is placed on the specimen mounting position 21. Two specimen clamping rods 23 are provided on both sides of the specimen mounting position 21. The specimen clamping rods 23 are connected to the micro-motion slide 18 through specimen screws 24, and clamp the specimen 22 under the axial clamping action of the specimen screws 24. The clamping force of the specimen clamping rods 23 on the specimen 22 can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening torque of the specimen screws 24. A thin shim is provided between the specimen clamping rods 23 and the specimen 22 to reduce surface damage at the clamping part.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, a friction pair 27 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the friction pair base plate 26, and a friction foreign object 48 is disposed at the bottom of the friction pair 27, which abuts against the specimen 22. The friction pair base plate 26 is not fixed to the fretting base plate 17, but is supported on the specimen 22 in sequence by the friction pair 27 and the friction foreign object 48. The friction foreign object referred to in this application refers to an experimental object that is disposed between the friction pair 27 and the specimen 22 according to the fretting abrasion condition to be simulated, and is used to make fretting contact with the specimen 22.

[0046] A vertical positioning rod 28 is provided on the top of the friction pair base plate 26, and a counterweight 29 is fitted onto the vertical positioning rod 28. The vertical positioning rod 28 is a solid cylindrical rod, and the counterweight 29 is a hollow cylindrical weight. The inner hole of the counterweight 29 mates with the vertical positioning rod 28 to provide radial positioning and axial guidance for the counterweight 29, preventing horizontal displacement or overturning. In this embodiment, the mass of a single counterweight 29 can be selected within the range of 100g to 2000g, and the normal load can be adjusted by stacking different numbers and masses of counterweights 29. The gravity of the counterweight 29 is transmitted sequentially to the specimen 22 through the friction pair base plate 26, the friction pair 27, and the friction foreign object 48; the friction pair guide rod 20 mates with the guide notch to provide lateral limitation for the friction pair base plate 26, but does not serve as a tangential guide for the micro-motion slide 18.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the drive assembly 3 includes an external actuator 30, an external force sensor 31, a drive linkage 32, and a drive connector assembly 33. The drive linkage 32 extends horizontally through the side wall of the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly 1, and its inner end is connected to the micro-motion slide 18 via the drive connector assembly 33. The output end of the external actuator 30 is connected to the outer end of the drive linkage 32 via the external force sensor 31. The driving force is transmitted to the micro-motion slide 18 sequentially through the external actuator 30, the external force sensor 31, the drive linkage 32, and the drive connector assembly 33.

[0048] In one embodiment, the drive connector assembly 33 adopts a ball joint connection to compensate for a small amount of installation alignment error; the external actuator 30 adopts a combination of a piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a ball screw, which can drive the micro-motion slide 18 to perform tangential reciprocating motion according to a sine wave, triangular wave or square wave.

[0049] An external actuator 30 drives a micro-motion slide 18 to perform tangential reciprocating motion. The micro-motion slide 18 causes the specimen 22 to undergo tangential reciprocating micro-motion relative to the friction foreign object 48, resulting in micro-motion abrasion. An external force sensor 31 is located outside the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 and is used to collect the tangential force signal during the above-mentioned tangential reciprocating micro-motion process. Since the tangential force signal may be affected by factors such as transmission and sealing resistance, it is not absolutely equivalent to the actual tangential friction force at the contact interface between the specimen 22 and the friction foreign object 48 without corresponding error compensation.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, a dynamic sealing structure 34 is provided between the drive connecting rod 32 and the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly 1. The dynamic sealing structure 34 includes a sealing sleeve 35, within which multiple sealing rings 36 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod 32, and sealing ring spacers 37 are provided between adjacent sealing rings 36. A set screw is provided at the end of the sealing sleeve 35, and the set screw presses the sealing rings 36 along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod 32. The set screw is not marked with reference numerals.

[0051] In one embodiment, three sealing rings 36 are arranged inside the sealing sleeve 35 along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod 32, and a sealing ring spacer 37 is arranged between adjacent sealing rings 36. The set screw at the tail end of the sealing sleeve 35 presses the three sealing rings 36 along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod 32 to form a series dynamic sealing structure and adjust the compression of the sealing rings 36.

[0052] The pressure control and instrumentation assembly 4 includes an inlet 39, an outlet 40, a safety valve 41, a pressure measuring component, and a temperature measuring component. The inlet 39, outlet 40, safety valve 41, and pressure measuring component are connected to the high-pressure gas layer 15. The inlet 39 is used to introduce high-pressure gas; the outlet 40 is used to regulate pressure or release pressure after the test; the safety valve 41 is used for overpressure relief; the pressure measuring component is used to measure the pressure of the high-pressure gas layer 15; and the temperature measuring component is used to measure the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the heating auxiliary component 6 is disposed at the bottom of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1 and is used to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13. In this embodiment, the heating auxiliary component 6 includes an electric heating rod 46, and a heat insulation layer is disposed on the outside of the cylinder body 7. The electric heating rod 46 heats the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13, and the heat insulation layer is used to reduce heat loss. During temperature adjustment, the heating state of the electric heating rod 46 is adjusted according to the detection results of the temperature measuring component so that the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 reaches the preset temperature.

[0054] In this embodiment, the temperature measuring component uses a type K thermocouple, sealed and installed at the top of the cylinder head 8, with a temperature measuring range of 0–400℃. The pressure measuring component uses a pressure gauge with a range of 0–20 MPa, and its interface is connected to the high-pressure gas layer 15 at the top of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13, measuring the gas phase pressure. The safety valve 41 is a spring-loaded safety valve, with a set opening pressure of 15.5 MPa and a reseating pressure of 14.5 MPa; the air inlet 39 is connected to an external nitrogen or argon gas source, with a maximum supply pressure of 20 MPa.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the heating auxiliary component 6 is located at the bottom of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1 and is used to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13. In this embodiment, the heating auxiliary component 6 includes two electric heating rods 46 symmetrically arranged below the flange cover 10. The electric heating rods 46 are sealed to the flange cover 10 through a heating rod sleeve assembly. An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the cylinder body 7 to reduce heat loss. During temperature adjustment, the heating state of the electric heating rods 46 is adjusted according to the detection results of the temperature measuring component to make the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 reach the preset temperature. Pressure and temperature regulation are performed separately. The pressure of the high-pressure gas layer 15 is detected by a pressure measuring component, and the amount of high-pressure gas introduced through the inlet 39 or discharged through the outlet 40 is adjusted according to the detection results to stabilize the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 at a preset pressure. Thus, the pressure of the experimental chamber is not solely established by generating self-pressure through heating the liquid-phase abrasive medium 14.

[0056] The observation connector assembly 5 is disposed on the side wall of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1. In this embodiment, the observation window 44 is a sapphire observation window with a rated pressure resistance of 20 MPa and a rated temperature resistance of 400°C, and forms a static seal with the pressure boundary through the observation connector assembly 5. The observation window 44, in conjunction with an external high-speed camera, allows for real-time in-situ observation of the micro-motion abrasion process between the specimen 22 and the frictional foreign object 48. The observation connector assembly 5 can also be equipped with an ultrasonic sensor to collect corresponding online detection signals.

[0057] The liquid-phase abrasive medium 14 can be boron-containing deionized water, and the high-pressure gas can be nitrogen or argon. The pressure of the high-pressure gas layer 15 can be adjusted within the range of 0.1 MPa to 15 MPa. In a representative pressurized water reactor primary loop simulation, the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 is set to 350℃ and the pressure is set to 15 MPa. The micro-motion amplitude can be set within the range of 10 μm to 200 μm, and the micro-motion frequency can be set within the range of 10 Hz to 200 Hz. For each test, the composition and concentration of the liquid-phase abrasive medium, the type of high-pressure gas, temperature, pressure, normal load, micro-motion amplitude, micro-motion frequency, and test duration are recorded, as well as the range, accuracy, and calibration status of the pressure measuring component, temperature measuring component, and external force sensor 31. The specific test conditions must not exceed the verified rated temperature and rated pressure of the device.

[0058] Test Method Implementation Examples The high-temperature, high-pressure, multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion testing method of this embodiment includes the following steps S1 to S8. The components in the following steps may be the corresponding components in the aforementioned device, but this method itself is not subject to the claims of the referenced device.

[0059] S1, Installation and Loading: Install the specimen 22 in the specimen mounting position 21 of the micro-motion slide table 18, so that the friction foreign object 48 set at the bottom of the friction pair 27 abuts against the specimen 22; select and stack the counterweight 29 according to the preset normal load, and put the counterweight 29 on the vertical positioning rod 28 at the top of the friction pair base plate 26, so that the gravity of the counterweight 29 is transmitted to the specimen 22 in sequence through the friction pair base plate 26, the friction pair 27 and the friction foreign object 48.

[0060] S2, Liquid addition and sealing: Add liquid phase abrasive medium 14 into the high pressure abrasive cylinder assembly 1, so that the test piece 22, friction foreign object 48 and friction pair 27 are immersed in liquid phase abrasive medium 14; close the flange cover 10, and form a seal between the cylinder flange 9, flange sealing ring 12 and flange cover 10, thereby sealing the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13.

[0061] S3, Establish gas phase pressure: High-pressure gas is introduced into the liquid phase abrasive medium 14 through the air inlet 39, forming a high-pressure gas layer 15 in the upper part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13, and the pressure is transmitted to the liquid phase abrasive medium 14 through the high-pressure gas layer 15.

[0062] S4, Adjust the temperature and pressure respectively: Start the heating auxiliary component 6 to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13, and adjust the heating state of the heating auxiliary component 6 according to the detection result of the temperature measuring component to make the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 reach the preset temperature; detect the pressure of the high-pressure gas layer 15 through the pressure measuring component, and adjust the inlet or outlet of the high-pressure gas according to the detection result to stabilize the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 at the preset pressure.

[0063] S5, implement micro-motion loading: start the external actuator 30, and the driving force is transmitted to the micro-motion slide 18 through the external force sensor 31, the drive linkage 32 and the drive joint assembly 33, so that the micro-motion slide 18 performs tangential reciprocating motion relative to the micro-motion base plate 17; the micro-motion slide 18 drives the specimen 22 to produce tangential reciprocating micro-motion relative to the friction foreign object 48, thereby forming micro-motion abrasion.

[0064] S6, Acquire tangential force signal: Acquire tangential force signal during the tangential reciprocating micro-motion process between the specimen 22 and the frictional foreign object 48 through the external force sensor 31, and record it in correspondence with the temperature, pressure and micro-motion process data.

[0065] S7, In-situ observation: The micro-motion abrasion process between the specimen 22 and the frictional foreign object 48 is observed in-situ through the observation joint assembly 5 on the side wall of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly 1; when the observation joint assembly 5 is equipped with an online detection sensor, the corresponding online detection signal can be collected simultaneously.

[0066] S8, End and Analysis: After the test is completed, stop the external actuator 30 and the heating auxiliary component 6; after the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 cools down to the preset safe temperature, release the pressure through the exhaust port 40; after the pressure in the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber 13 drops to the preset safe pressure, open the flange cover 10, take out the specimen 22 and perform abrasion analysis.

[0067] In this embodiment, the tangential movement of the micro-motion slide 18 is supported by the sliding balls 19. Multiple ball grooves cooperate with the sliding balls 19 to provide tangential guidance and limit lateral offset or rotation around the vertical axis. The micro-motion stroke is controlled by the set stroke of the external actuator 30. The illustrated structure does not have an independent mechanical end stop. The friction pair guide rod 20 only cooperates with the guide notch around the periphery of the friction pair base plate 26 to provide lateral limitation for the friction pair base plate 26, and does not serve as a motion guide for the micro-motion slide 18.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A high-temperature, high-pressure, multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device, characterized in that, include: High-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1); The micro-motion platform assembly (2) is installed inside the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly (1); Drive assembly assembly (3) is disposed outside the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1) and connected to the micro-motion platform assembly (2); The pressure control and instrumentation assembly (4) is located on top of the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1); The observation connector assembly (5) is installed on the side wall of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly (1). And a heating auxiliary component (6) disposed at the bottom of the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1); The high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1) forms a gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13); the lower part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13) contains a liquid abrasive medium (14), and the micro-motion platform assembly (2) is immersed in the liquid abrasive medium (14); a high-pressure gas layer (15) is formed in the upper part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13). The heating auxiliary component (6) is used to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13); The drive assembly (3) includes an external actuator (30), an external force sensor (31), and a drive link (32) that passes through the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly (1); the inner end of the drive link (32) is connected to the micro-motion platform assembly (2); the outer end of the drive link (32) is connected to the external force sensor (31) and the external actuator (30); a dynamic sealing structure (34) is provided between the drive link (32) and the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly (1). The micro-motion platform assembly (2) includes a micro-motion slide (18), a specimen (22) mounted on the micro-motion slide (18), a friction object (48) located above the specimen (22) and in contact with the specimen (22), and a counterweight (29) for applying a normal load to the specimen (22) via the friction object (48); the inner end of the drive link (32) is connected to the micro-motion slide (18), and the external actuator (30) is used to drive the micro-motion slide (18) via the drive link (32) so that the specimen (22) performs tangential reciprocating micro-motion relative to the friction object (48).

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly (1) includes a cylinder body (7), a cylinder head (8) disposed at the upper end of the cylinder body (7), a cylinder flange (9) disposed at the lower end of the cylinder body (7), and a flange cover (10) sealed to the cylinder flange (9). A platform support pipe (16) is provided inside the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13); the platform support pipe (16) is arranged along the central axis of the main body of the cylinder (7); the lower end of the platform support pipe (16) is connected to the flange cover (10); the upper end of the platform support pipe (16) is connected to the micro-motion base plate (17) of the micro-motion platform assembly (2).

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas layer (15) is located above the liquid abrasive medium (14) and is connected to the pressure control and instrumentation assembly (4); the high-pressure gas layer (15) is used to transmit pressure to the liquid abrasive medium (14).

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure control and instrumentation assembly (4) includes an inlet (39), an outlet (40), a safety valve (41), a pressure measuring assembly, and a temperature measuring assembly that are connected to the high-pressure gas layer (15). The inlet (39) is used to introduce high-pressure gas. The outlet (40) is used to release pressure and exhaust gas. The safety valve (41) is used to release overpressure. The pressure measuring assembly is used to measure the pressure of the high-pressure gas layer (15). The temperature measuring assembly is used to measure the temperature of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber (13).

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-motion platform component (2) also includes a micro-motion base plate (17). The micro-motion base plate (17) has a plurality of ball grooves extending along the tangential reciprocating motion direction and spaced apart on its surface opposite to the micro-motion slide (18); a plurality of sliding balls (19) are provided between the micro-motion base plate (17) and the micro-motion slide (18); each of the sliding balls (19) is at least partially accommodated in the corresponding ball groove; the micro-motion slide (18) is supported by the sliding balls (19) and can perform tangential reciprocating motion relative to the micro-motion base plate (17) under the drive of the drive assembly (3); under the action of the normal load, the plurality of ball grooves cooperate with the sliding balls (19) to guide the tangential reciprocating motion of the micro-motion slide (18) and limit the lateral offset or rotation of the micro-motion slide (18) relative to the micro-motion base plate (17) around the vertical axis.

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The micro-motion slide (18) is provided with a specimen mounting position (21) for mounting the specimen (22); specimen pressure rods (23) are provided on both sides of the specimen mounting position (21); the specimen pressure rods (23) are connected to the micro-motion slide (18) through specimen screws (24); the specimen pressure rods (23) press the specimen (22) under the axial pressing action of the specimen screws (24).

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The micro-motion base plate (17) is provided with a friction pair base plate (26) on its upper part; the periphery of the friction pair base plate (26) is provided with a guide notch corresponding to the friction pair guide rod (20); each of the friction pair guide rods (20) extends into the corresponding guide notch to limit the friction pair base plate (26) from lateral displacement or overturning; A friction pair (27) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the friction pair base plate (26); a friction foreign object (48) is provided at the bottom of the friction pair (27); the friction foreign object (48) abuts against the specimen (22); the friction pair base plate (26) is supported on the specimen (22) in sequence by the friction pair (27) and the friction foreign object (48); A vertical positioning rod (28) is provided on the top of the friction pair base plate (26); the counterweight (29) is sleeved on the vertical positioning rod (28), and the gravity of the counterweight (29) is transmitted to the specimen (22) in sequence through the friction pair base plate (26), the friction pair (27) and the friction foreign object (48) to apply a normal load to the specimen (22).

8. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion abrasion simulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive link (32) passes through the side wall of the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1) in a horizontal direction; the inner end of the drive link (32) is connected to the micro-motion slide (18) through the drive joint assembly (33); the output end of the external actuator (30) is connected to the outer end of the drive link (32) through the external force sensor (31).

9. The high-temperature and high-pressure multi-field coupled micro-motion erosion simulation experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing structure (34) includes a sealing sleeve (35) disposed between the drive connecting rod (32) and the high-pressure abrasive cylinder assembly (1); a plurality of sealing rings (36) are sequentially disposed inside the sealing sleeve (35) along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod (32), and a sealing ring spacer (37) is disposed between adjacent sealing rings (36); the end of the sealing sleeve (35) is provided with a set screw for pressing the sealing rings (36) along the axial direction of the drive connecting rod (32).

10. A high-temperature, high-pressure, multi-field coupled micro-motion erosion testing method, characterized in that, include: S1: Install the specimen in the specimen mounting position of the micro-motion slide table, so that the friction foreign object set at the bottom of the friction pair abuts against the specimen, and put the counterweight on the vertical positioning bar set at the top of the friction pair bottom plate, so that the weight of the counterweight is transmitted to the specimen in sequence through the friction pair bottom plate, the friction pair and the friction foreign object, so as to apply a preset normal load to the specimen; S2: Add liquid phase abrasive medium into the high pressure abrasive cylinder assembly, immerse the test piece, the friction foreign matter and the friction pair in the liquid phase abrasive medium, and seal the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber formed in the high pressure abrasive cylinder assembly; S3: High-pressure gas is introduced above the liquid-phase abrasive medium to form a high-pressure gas layer in the upper part of the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber, and pressure is transmitted to the liquid-phase abrasive medium through the high-pressure gas layer. S4: Activate the heating auxiliary component to heat the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber, adjust the heating state of the heating auxiliary component according to the detection result of the temperature measuring component, so that the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber reaches the preset temperature; detect the pressure of the high-pressure gas layer through the pressure measuring component, and adjust the inlet or outlet of the high-pressure gas according to the detection result, so that the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber is stabilized at the preset pressure. S5: The micro-motion slide is driven to perform tangential reciprocating motion by an external actuator via an external force sensor and a drive linkage, so that the specimen mounted on the micro-motion slide generates tangential reciprocating micro-motion relative to the friction foreign object; S6: The external force sensor is used to collect the tangential force signal during the tangential reciprocating micro-motion process between the specimen and the frictional foreign object; S7: The micro-motion abrasion process between the specimen and the frictional foreign object is observed in situ through the observation joint assembly set on the side wall of the high-pressure abrasion cylinder assembly; S8: After the test is completed, stop the external actuator and the heating auxiliary component. After the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber cools down to the preset safe temperature, depressurize it. After the pressure in the gas-liquid two-phase experimental chamber drops to the preset safe pressure, take out the specimen and perform abrasion analysis on the specimen.

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