Concrete water permeation test device and method for simulating deep water high pressure environment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of concrete water seepage test device and test method in simulated deepwater high-pressure environment, belongs to concrete mechanics test equipment technical field, including air pressure pressurizing unit, precision pressure regulating unit and permeation pressurizing unit in series successively, and permeation pressurizing unit is provided with prestressed loading unit and permeation flow measurement unit;Through permeation pressurizing unit, the high-pressure sealing assembly of test piece can be realized;Prestressed loading unit passes through jack pressurizing cooperation bolt locking structure, can unload pressure and keep load and real-time monitoring preloading by the aid of anchor cable meter;Permeation flow measurement unit uses sleeve type airtight pipeline to match high-precision metering pipette, realizes accurate measurement of trace seepage.This application is matched with exclusive test method, through test piece sealing pretreatment, cavity and pipeline exhaust water filling, water pressure and prestress collaborative loading process, effectively avoids sidewall around seepage, bubble interference and other problems, truly simulates marine deepwater high-pressure seepage and prestress coupling condition, and has good stability and strong repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete mechanics testing equipment, and in particular to a concrete water permeability testing device and method that simulates a deep-water, high-pressure environment. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete is a widely used structural material in marine engineering projects, such as cross-sea bridges, subsea tunnels, offshore wind power foundations, and artificial islands. In deep-water, high-pressure environments, concrete structures endure long-term external water pressure, and their resistance to water penetration directly affects structural durability, safety, and service life. Accurately measuring the water penetration performance of concrete under actual stress conditions is crucial for structural design, construction quality control, and service life assessment.

[0003] Currently, conventional step-by-step pressurization permeability testing instruments and steady-state flow method devices have the following drawbacks: First, it is difficult to achieve continuous and precise pressure control through step-by-step manual pressure adjustment, and the stability is poor; second, the lateral clamping force generated by tightening flanges or radial bolts to form a seal between the side of the specimen and the inner wall of the sleeve can easily lead to specimen damage, change the permeation path, and affect the reliability of the seal; third, the permeability testing device can only apply a single water pressure to the specimen and cannot simultaneously apply and independently control a stable pre-pressure during the permeation test, making it difficult to realistically simulate the permeation behavior under actual stress.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated water permeability testing device that can simultaneously achieve high-precision deep-water water pressure loading and constant prestress locking to realistically reproduce the high-pressure coupled stress environment in deep ocean water and improve the accuracy of seabed permeability parameter testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a concrete water permeability test device and method that simulates deep-water high-pressure environments. This device can measure the water permeability of concrete specimens while applying pre-pressure, and can achieve stable pressurization, reliable sealing, and real-time monitoring under different water depth and pressure conditions. This facilitates accurate evaluation of the water permeability resistance of structures under real stress conditions, accurately completes the high-pressure permeability test of specimens, and solves the problems of single operating condition simulation and large test errors in traditional equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a concrete water permeability test device simulating a deep-water, high-pressure environment, comprising a pneumatic pressurization unit, a precision pressure regulating unit, and a permeation pressurization unit. The pneumatic pressurization unit, the precision pressure regulating unit, and the permeation pressurization unit are connected in series via fluid transmission pipelines. The precision pressure regulating unit is located between the pneumatic pressurization unit and the permeation pressurization unit and is fluidly connected to both units. A quick-connect fitting is connected to the end of the fluid transmission pipeline near the permeation pressurization unit. A permeation flow measurement unit is fixed to the side wall of the rear pressure vessel of the permeation pressurization unit, and the detection end of the permeation flow measurement unit passes through the side wall of the permeation pressurization unit. A prestressed loading unit is horizontally mounted on the outer side of the middle of the permeation pressurization unit, and a quick-connect fitting is vertically fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the permeation pressurization unit.

[0007] Preferably, the pneumatic pressurization unit includes a water tank, the top of the water tank is connected to one end of a gas transmission pipe, the other end of the gas transmission pipe is connected to the bottom of an air pump, and a first pressure relief valve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the water tank near the precision pressure regulating unit.

[0008] Preferably, the precision pressure regulating unit includes a precision pressure regulator, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the water tank via a fluid transmission pipe, and the other end of which is connected to one end of a control valve via a fluid transmission pipe. The other end of the control valve is connected to the permeation pressurization unit via a fluid transmission pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the permeation pressurization unit includes a front pressure vessel and a rear pressure vessel. A common valve and a second pressure relief valve are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the front pressure vessel. The common valve and the second pressure relief valve are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the front pressure vessel. The top of the common valve is connected to a pressure gauge. A first high-strength screw is vertically installed through the four corners of the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel. The top and bottom of each first high-strength screw are respectively threaded with a first high-strength bolt to lock the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel. The bottom of the front pressure vessel and the top of the rear pressure vessel are respectively provided with mounting grooves, and sealing rubber rings are embedded in the grooves. The front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel achieve a sealing fit with the surface of the specimen through the sealing rubber rings.

[0010] Preferably, the seepage flow measurement unit includes a ferrule ball valve, a ferrule steel pipe, a ferrule elbow, a vacuum glass tube adapter, and a high-precision metering pipette. One end of the ferrule ball valve is in fluid communication with the downstream pressure vessel, and the other end of the ferrule ball valve is connected to the ferrule elbow through the ferrule steel pipe. The ferrule elbow is connected to the vacuum glass tube adapter through the ferrule steel pipe, and the end of the vacuum glass tube adapter away from the ferrule elbow is connected to the high-precision metering pipette.

[0011] Preferably, the prestressed loading unit includes a first steel plate, a second steel plate, a third steel plate, and a fourth steel plate. Second high-strength screws are arranged horizontally through the four corners of the first, second, third, and fourth steel plates. Each second high-strength screw is threaded with a set of second high-strength bolts at both ends. The second high-strength screw between the third and fourth steel plates is also threaded with a set of second high-strength bolts to maintain pressure on the specimen after the jack releases the force. The first and second steel plates are located on the same side of the permeation and pressurization unit, while the third and fourth steel plates are located on the other side of the permeation and pressurization unit. A compression spring is arranged between the first and second steel plates, and the compression spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second high-strength screw. A jack is arranged between the third and fourth steel plates, with one end of the jack fixed to the side of the fourth steel plate near the permeation and pressurization unit, and the other end serving as a lifting and abutting end that abuts against the third steel plate. An anchor cable is fixed to the side of the third steel plate away from the jack.

[0012] Preferably, the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel are arranged opposite each other and separated vertically. The end face of the anchor gauge near the permeation pressurization unit abuts against the end face of the second steel plate near the permeation pressurization unit. The front pressure vessel, the rear pressure vessel, the anchor gauge, and the second steel plate cooperate to form a working area for placing the specimen and carrying out high-pressure permeation tests.

[0013] This invention also discloses a method for simulating concrete water permeability testing in a deep-water, high-pressure environment, comprising the following steps: S1. Apply epoxy coating to the side of the concrete specimen and use sealant to attach a 2mm thick perforated stainless steel plate to the contact surface between the infiltration device and the specimen. The size of the perforation on the stainless steel plate is equal to the infiltration area. S2, connect the air pressure boosting unit, the precision pressure regulating unit, and the osmotic pressure boosting unit in sequence; S3. Place the treated concrete specimens in the working area and install them with the designed prestressed loading unit. Apply different prestresses to the concrete specimens according to the design requirements. S4. Place the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel on the upper and lower sides of the specimen respectively, and connect them with the first high-strength bolt and the first high-strength screw. Tighten the first high-strength bolt to apply pre-tightening force to ensure that the contact surface of the concrete specimen and the stainless steel pressure vessel are tightly bonded. S5. Open the second pressure relief valve, then turn on the air pump, and adjust the precision pressure regulator to inject pure water into the front pressure container at a pressure of 0.1MPa until the front pressure container is completely filled and the second pressure relief valve reaches the overflow state. After observing the container to ensure that there are no residual air bubbles, close the second pressure relief valve. Then, adjust the precision pressure regulator again to fill the water tank into the front pressure container at the designed pressure. Adjust and monitor the required water pressure precisely according to the configured pressure gauge, precision pressure regulator and control valve. S6. Once the test pressure is stabilized at the set value, and after the high-pressure water seeps out, the water seepage flow rate per unit time is observed in real time using a high-precision metering pipette.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned simulated deep-water high-pressure environment concrete water seepage test device and testing method, which has the following technical effects: (1) By connecting the air pressure pressurization unit, the precision pressure regulation unit and the permeation pressurization unit in series, the test water pressure can be precisely controlled to stably simulate the high pressure environment of deep ocean water at different depths. Combined with the prestress loading unit to apply pre-pressure to the specimen, it can simulate the complex permeation situation under the actual stress state in actual engineering and reduce the measurement error of permeation flow.

[0015] (2) By using an air pump, water tank and precision pressure regulator, the high water pressure conditions of 0~1MPa can be accurately controlled and stably maintained, which can effectively evaluate the service status of concrete in deep water and high pressure environment.

[0016] (3) The front pressure vessel, the rear pressure vessel, the sealing rubber ring, the first high-strength screw and the first high-strength bolt cooperate with each other, and the sealing rubber ring is embedded in the mounting groove of the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel. Under high pressure conditions, the pressure vessel and the end face of the specimen are tightly sealed to prevent water leakage and ensure the accuracy of seepage flow measurement.

[0017] (4) The present invention is simple to install, convenient to operate, highly repeatable, and economically efficient. It is suitable for measuring water permeability of various sizes and multiple key node locations. The water tank can simultaneously connect multiple pressure vessels and measure multiple specimens to significantly shorten the test time.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a concrete water seepage test device for simulating deep-water high-pressure environment according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the prestressed loading unit of a concrete water seepage test device for simulating deep-water high-pressure environment according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the permeation pressurization unit of a concrete water permeation test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seepage flow measurement unit of a concrete water seepage test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure Labels 1. Quick-connect coupling at the pipeline end; 2. Air pressure boosting unit; 21. Water tank; 22. Air pump; 23. First pressure relief valve; 3. Precision pressure regulating unit; 31. Precision pressure regulator; 32. Control valve; 4. Permeation pressurization unit; 41. Front pressure vessel; 42. Rear pressure vessel; 43. Ordinary valve; 44. Second pressure relief valve; 45. Pressure gauge; 46. First high-strength screw; 47. First high-strength bolt; 48. Sealing rubber ring; 5. Fluid transmission pipeline; 6. 61. Seepage flow measurement unit; 62. High-precision metering pipette; 63. Vacuum glass tube adapter; 64. Compression sleeve steel pipe; 65. Compression sleeve elbow; 76. Compression sleeve ball valve; 77. Prestressed loading unit; 78. First steel plate; 79. Second steel plate; 70. Third steel plate; 71. Fourth steel plate; 72. Second high-strength screw; 73. Second high-strength bolt; 74. Compression spring; 75. Jack; 76. Anchor cable gauge; 8. Quick-connect adapter at the cavity end; 9. Gas transmission pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a concrete water seepage test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment is composed of an air pressure pressurization unit 2, a precision pressure adjustment unit 3, a seepage pressurization unit 4, a seepage flow measurement unit 6, and a prestressing loading unit 7.

[0024] The pneumatic pressurization unit 2, the precision pressure regulation unit 3, and the permeation pressurization unit 4 are connected in series via the fluid transmission pipeline 5. The precision pressure regulation unit 3 is located between the pneumatic pressurization unit 2 and the permeation pressurization unit 4 and is fluidly connected to both, enabling precise control of water pressure in stages. The quick-connect fitting 1 is installed at the end of the pipeline near the section of the permeation pressurization unit 4. The permeation flow measurement unit 6 is fixed to the side wall of the rear pressure vessel 42 of the permeation pressurization unit 4, and its pipeline input end passes through the side wall of the rear pressure vessel 42. The prestressed loading unit 7 is horizontally arranged on the outer side of the middle of the permeation pressurization unit 4 to simulate the actual deep-sea environment pressure. The quick-connect fitting 8 at the center of the lower surface of the permeation pressurization unit 4 is vertically fixed to the cavity end for draining and venting the pressure vessel before and after the test.

[0025] The air pressure pressurization unit 2 includes a water tank 21 and an air pump 22. The middle of the upper surface of the water tank 21 is connected to the bottom of the air pump 22 through a gas transmission pipe 9. The first pressure relief valve 23 is fixed on the top surface of the water tank 21 near the precision pressure regulating unit 3. When the pipeline pressure exceeds the standard, the pressure is automatically released to protect the water supply components.

[0026] The precision pressure regulating unit 3 consists of a precision pressure regulator 31 and a control valve 32. One end of the precision pressure regulator 31 is connected to the side wall of the water tank 21 through the fluid transmission pipe 5, and the other end is connected to the control valve 32 through the pipe. The outlet end of the control valve 32 is connected to the front pressure vessel 41 of the permeation pressurization unit 4 through the fluid transmission pipe 5. The inlet water pressure can be steplessly adjusted by the precision pressure regulator 31 to simulate the static water pressure at different water depths.

[0027] The osmotic pressurization unit 4 is divided into a front pressure vessel 41 and a rear pressure vessel 42 arranged vertically at intervals. In this embodiment, the pressure vessels are preferably made of stainless steel. A common valve 43 and a second pressure relief valve 44 are symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the front pressure vessel 41 along its axis. The upper end of the common valve 43 is connected to a pressure gauge 45 to read the water pressure in the cavity in real time, providing data support for the opening and closing of the second pressure relief valve 44. Vertical through holes are opened at the four corners of the front pressure vessel 41 and the rear pressure vessel 42. A first high-strength screw 46 is installed through the through holes. A first high-strength bolt 47 is threaded onto the upper and lower ends of each first high-strength screw 46. Tightening the bolts will press the front pressure vessel 41 and the rear pressure vessel 42 together. Embedded grooves are opened on the lower surface of the front pressure vessel 41 and the upper surface of the rear pressure vessel 42. A sealing rubber ring 48 is embedded in each embedded groove. After the two pressure vessels are pressed together, the sealing rubber ring 48 is tightly attached to the upper and lower end faces of the specimen, preventing high-pressure water from leaking along the side of the specimen.

[0028] The seepage flow measurement unit 6 consists of a high-precision metering pipette 61, a vacuum glass tube adapter 62, a compression steel tube 63, a compression elbow 64, and a compression ball valve 65 connected in series. One end of the compression ball valve 65 is in fluid communication with the inside of the downstream pressure vessel 42. The outlet of the compression ball valve 65 is connected to the compression elbow 64 via the compression steel tube 63. The other end of the compression elbow 64 is then connected to the vacuum glass tube adapter 62 via the compression steel tube 63. The end of the vacuum glass tube adapter 62 is connected to the high-precision metering pipette 61. The entire pipeline is connected by a compression sealing connection, which can completely fill the water body and accurately measure the trace amount of seepage water.

[0029] The prestressed loading unit 7 includes a first steel plate 71, a second steel plate 72, a third steel plate 73, a fourth steel plate 74, and a second high-strength screw 75. The second high-strength screw 75 horizontally passes through the four corners of the first steel plate 71, the second steel plate 72, the third steel plate 73, and the fourth steel plate 74. Each second high-strength screw 75 is equipped with a set of second high-strength bolts 76 at both ends to limit the position of the steel plates. The second high-strength screw 75 between the third steel plate 73 and the fourth steel plate 74 is additionally equipped with a set of second high-strength bolts 76 as a locking element. The first steel plate 71 and the second steel plate 72 are arranged in the permeation pressurization unit. On the same side of the first steel plate 71 and the second steel plate 72, the third steel plate 73 and the fourth steel plate 74 are arranged on the other side. A compression spring 77 is arranged between the first steel plate 71 and the second steel plate 72, and the compression spring 77 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second high-strength screw 75. The jack 78 is installed between the third steel plate 73 and the fourth steel plate 74. One end of the jack 78 is fixed to the side of the fourth steel plate 74 near the permeation pressurization unit 4, and the other end is the lifting and abutting end and abuts against the third steel plate 73. An anchor cable gauge 79 is fixed on the side of the third steel plate 73 away from the jack 78. When the anchor cable gauge 79 is working, it is in contact with the surface of the specimen and monitors the preload value in real time.

[0030] The front pressure vessel 41 and the rear pressure vessel 42 are arranged vertically. The end face of the anchor cable gauge 79 near the permeation pressurization unit 4 and the end face of the second steel plate 72 near the permeation pressurization unit 4 abut against each other. The front pressure vessel 41, the rear pressure vessel 42, the anchor cable gauge 79, and the second steel plate 72 together form the working area. During the test, the specimen is placed inside the working area and simultaneously bears the high pressure of the permeation water and the horizontal pressure, completely simulating the multi-field coupling environment of deep ocean water.

[0031] The water tank 21 of this invention can be connected in parallel with multiple sets of osmotic pressurization units 4, and the pressure inside the pressure vessel is kept stable by the air pump 22, thereby quickly completing the experimental work on multiple sets of specimens.

[0032] This invention also discloses a method for simulating concrete water permeability testing in a deep-water, high-pressure environment, comprising the following steps: S1. Apply epoxy coating evenly to the side of the concrete specimen to ensure one-dimensional penetration of high-pressure water, and use sealant to attach a 2mm thick perforated stainless steel plate to the contact surface between the penetration device and the specimen. The size of the perforation on the stainless steel plate is equal to the penetration area.

[0033] S2, connect in sequence the air pressure pressurization unit 2, the precision pressure regulation unit 3, and the osmotic pressurization unit 4.

[0034] S3. Install and position the treated concrete specimens with the designed prestressed loading unit 7, and apply different prestresses to the concrete specimens according to the design requirements.

[0035] S4. Place the concrete specimen to be tested in the working area, and then install the permeation pressurization unit 4 and the permeation flow measurement unit 6 in the corresponding positions. Use the first high-strength bolt 47 to apply pre-tightening force evenly to tightly fit the concrete specimen with the front pressure vessel 41 and the rear pressure vessel 42 to form a reliable sealing structure, ensuring that the high-pressure water medium does not leak.

[0036] S5. Open the second pressure relief valve, then turn on the air pump, and adjust the precision pressure regulator to inject pure water into the front pressure container at a pressure of 0.1MPa until the front pressure container is completely filled and the second pressure relief valve reaches the overflow state. After observing the container to ensure that there are no residual air bubbles, close the second pressure relief valve. Then, adjust the precision pressure regulator again to fill the water tank into the front pressure container at the designed pressure. Adjust and monitor the required water pressure precisely according to the configured pressure gauge, precision pressure regulator and control valve. S6. Once the test pressure is stabilized at the set value, and after the high-pressure water seeps out, the water seepage flow rate per unit time is observed in real time using a high-precision metering pipette.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating concrete water permeability in a deep-water, high-pressure environment, characterized in that: The device includes a pneumatic pressurization unit, a precision pressure regulating unit, and a permeation pressurization unit, which are connected in series via fluid transmission pipelines. The precision pressure regulating unit is located between the pneumatic pressurization unit and the permeation pressurization unit and is fluidly connected to both units. The section of the fluid transmission pipeline near the permeation pressurization unit is connected to a quick-turn joint at the end of the pipeline. A permeation flow measurement unit is fixed to the rear pressure vessel side wall of the permeation pressurization unit, and the detection end of the permeation flow measurement unit passes through the side wall of the permeation pressurization unit. A prestressed loading unit is horizontally mounted on the outer side of the middle part of the permeation pressurization unit, and a quick-turn joint at the end of the cavity is vertically fixed to the middle of the lower surface of the permeation pressurization unit.

2. The concrete water permeability test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pressure pressurization unit includes a water tank, with one end of a gas transmission pipe connected to the top of the water tank and the other end of the gas transmission pipe connected to the bottom of an air pump. A first pressure relief valve is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the water tank near the precision pressure regulating unit.

3. The concrete water permeability test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The precision pressure regulating unit includes a precision pressure regulator. One end of the precision pressure regulator is connected to the side wall of the water tank through a fluid transmission pipe, and the other end is connected to one end of a control valve through a fluid transmission pipe. The other end of the control valve is connected to the permeation pressurization unit through a fluid transmission pipe.

4. The concrete water seepage test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The osmotic pressurization unit includes a front pressure vessel and a rear pressure vessel. A common valve and a second pressure relief valve are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the front pressure vessel. The common valve and the second pressure relief valve are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the front pressure vessel. The top of the common valve is connected to a pressure gauge. A first high-strength screw is vertically installed through the four corners of the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel. The top and bottom of each first high-strength screw are respectively threaded with a first high-strength bolt to lock the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel. The bottom of the front pressure vessel and the top of the rear pressure vessel are respectively provided with mounting grooves, and sealing rubber rings are embedded in the grooves. The front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel achieve a sealing fit with the surface of the specimen through the sealing rubber rings.

5. The concrete water seepage test device simulating deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seepage flow measurement unit includes a ferrule ball valve, a ferrule steel pipe, a ferrule elbow, a vacuum glass tube adapter, and a high-precision metering pipette. One end of the ferrule ball valve is in fluid communication with the downstream pressure vessel, and the other end of the ferrule ball valve is connected to the ferrule elbow through the ferrule steel pipe. The ferrule elbow is connected to the vacuum glass tube adapter through the ferrule steel pipe, and the end of the vacuum glass tube adapter away from the ferrule elbow is connected to the high-precision metering pipette.

6. The concrete water seepage test device simulating a deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed loading unit includes a first steel plate, a second steel plate, a third steel plate, and a fourth steel plate. Second high-strength screws are arranged horizontally through the four corners of the first, second, third, and fourth steel plates. Each second high-strength screw is threaded with a set of second high-strength bolts at both ends. The second high-strength screw between the third and fourth steel plates is also threaded with a set of second high-strength bolts to maintain pressure on the specimen after the jack releases the force. The first and second steel plates are located on the same side of the permeation and pressurization unit, while the third and fourth steel plates are located on the other side of the permeation and pressurization unit. A compression spring is arranged between the first and second steel plates, and the compression spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second high-strength screw. A jack is arranged between the third and fourth steel plates, with one end of the jack fixed to the side of the fourth steel plate near the permeation and pressurization unit, and the other end serving as a lifting and abutting end that abuts against the third steel plate. An anchor cable is fixed to the side of the third steel plate away from the jack.

7. The concrete water permeability test device simulating deep-water high-pressure environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel are arranged opposite each other and separated vertically. The end face of the anchor gauge near the permeation pressurization unit and the end face of the second steel plate near the permeation pressurization unit are abutted against each other. The front pressure vessel, the rear pressure vessel, the anchor gauge, and the second steel plate cooperate to form a working area for placing the specimen and carrying out high-pressure permeation tests.

8. A method for simulating deep-water high-pressure environment concrete water permeability test, based on the test apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Apply epoxy coating to the side of the concrete specimen and use sealant to attach a 2mm thick perforated stainless steel plate to the contact surface between the infiltration device and the specimen. The size of the perforation on the stainless steel plate is equal to the infiltration area. S2, connect the air pressure boosting unit, the precision pressure regulating unit, and the osmotic pressure boosting unit in sequence; S3. Place the treated concrete specimens in the working area and install them with the designed prestressed loading unit. Apply different prestresses to the concrete specimens according to the design requirements. S4. Place the front pressure vessel and the rear pressure vessel on the upper and lower sides of the specimen respectively, and connect them with the first high-strength bolt and the first high-strength screw. Tighten the first high-strength bolt to apply pre-tightening force to ensure that the contact surface of the concrete specimen and the stainless steel pressure vessel are tightly bonded. S5. Open the second pressure relief valve, then turn on the air pump, and adjust the precision pressure regulator to inject pure water into the front pressure container at a pressure of 0.1MPa until the front pressure container is completely filled and the second pressure relief valve reaches the overflow state. After observing the container to ensure that there are no residual air bubbles, close the second pressure relief valve. Then, adjust the precision pressure regulator again to fill the water tank into the front pressure container at the designed pressure. Adjust and monitor the required water pressure precisely according to the configured pressure gauge, precision pressure regulator and control valve. S6. Once the test pressure is stabilized at the set value, and after the high-pressure water seeps out, the water seepage flow rate per unit time is observed in real time using a high-precision metering pipette.

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