Multi-modal ion mobility real-time component awareness device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of analytical detection technology, and provides a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device which comprises a detector, a test device installed in the interior of the detector, a sample inlet pipe, and a front end panel fixed on the test device; a composite ion device which comprises an upper ion source part and a lower ion source part and is respectively installed at the top and the bottom of the front side of the inner cavity of the test device box, wherein the upper ion source part and the lower ion source part each independently comprise at least one of a corona discharge ion unit, an electrolytic ionization unit, a VUV ultraviolet light ionization unit and an electrospray ionization unit. When the application is used, the device integrates multiple ionization modes and ion funnel focusing transmission technology, can realize real-time, continuous and in-situ detection of chemical components in gas or liquid, can be used as a portable terminal, and can be fixedly installed on a pipeline, a factory building or an environmental monitoring station to provide fine environmental texture data for an artificial intelligence system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of analytical detection technology, and more specifically, to a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, smart cities, intelligent manufacturing, and precision environmental protection have put forward core requirements for environmental perception, such as real-time continuous, high-density gridded, multi-parameter monitoring and low-cost scalability. However, the traditional model of manual sampling combined with laboratory analysis cannot meet the needs of AI systems for continuous data streams at the second to minute level. At the same time, existing monitoring stations are sparsely distributed, mostly perform single-parameter detection, and have high equipment costs, making it difficult to adapt to application scenarios with high density, multiple components, and large-scale deployment.

[0003] Among the various analytical instruments available, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is considered an authoritative analytical device, but it suffers from problems such as large size, requirement for a vacuum environment, slow preheating, specialized operation, and high cost, making it impossible to conduct real-time on-site monitoring and large-scale deployment. Traditional ion mobility spectrometers can operate at atmospheric pressure, but they have a single ionization mode, low ion transmission efficiency, limited detection categories, and no direct liquid detection capability. Moreover, most are handheld designs, making continuous and stable operation impossible. Electrochemical sensor arrays have lower costs, but they suffer from poor sensitivity, strong cross-interference, short lifespan, and frequent calibration, making it difficult to achieve high-precision sensing. Spectroscopic instruments have inherent limitations in their ability to resolve trace multi-component mixtures.

[0004] However, while core mass spectrometry technologies such as VUV photoionization, ion funnel focusing and transmission, electrospray ionization, and high-precision time-to-digital conversion have been proven to have excellent detection performance, they are only applicable to traditional mass spectrometry systems with high vacuum and high cost. Due to structural and principle limitations, existing ion mobility spectrometry devices have failed to achieve low-cost integrated application of the above technologies, resulting in shortcomings in ionization diversity, ion transmission efficiency, and gas-liquid dual-mode detection capabilities.

[0005] Therefore, this application proposes a multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problem to be solved: In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device, which solves the problem that existing analytical instruments are unable to meet the requirements of low cost, high sensitivity, gas-liquid dual-mode detection, flexible deployment and continuous real-time sensing.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device, including a detector, a test device installed inside the detector, and a sample injection tube fixed on the front panel of the test device; a composite ion device, including an upper ion source and a lower ion source, respectively installed at the top and bottom of the front side of the inner cavity of the test device box, wherein each of the upper and lower ion sources independently includes at least one of a corona discharge ion unit, an electrolytic ionization unit, a VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit, and an electrospray ionization unit; an ion focusing funnel, disposed in the front middle of the inner cavity of the test device box, with its front end connected to the rear end of the composite ion device; an ion drift tube, disposed in the rear middle of the inner cavity of the test device box, with its front end connected to the rear end of the ion focusing funnel; an ion receiving electrode, installed at the end of the ion drift tube; a time measuring device, installed in the upper rear side of the inner cavity of the test device box, with its input end electrically connected to the signal output end of the ion receiving electrode; and a main control board, installed in the lower rear side of the inner cavity of the test device box and electrically connected to the time measuring device.

[0008] In a new embodiment, the top and bottom of the sample inlet tube are respectively connected to delivery tubes. The top delivery tube is connected to the upper ion source and the bottom delivery tube is connected to the lower ion source. Gas samples enter the upper ion source due to their lower density, while liquid samples enter the lower ion source due to their higher density.

[0009] In a new embodiment, the injection tube is provided with a membrane assembly, which includes a stepped band and a membrane plate; the stepped band is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the injection tube, and the membrane plate is installed at the stepped band; the membrane plate is a replaceable structure, including two types: a PDMS membrane for gas and a hydrophobic PTFE membrane for liquid, and the membrane plate is replaceably installed at the stepped band.

[0010] In a new embodiment, the rear of the injection tube is provided with a backflush cleaning assembly, which includes an inner chamber, a nitrogen storage chamber, and an exhaust coil. The inner rear of the injection tube is provided with an inner chamber that communicates with the inner cavity of the injection tube, and a nitrogen storage chamber is installed in the inner chamber. A supplementary gas tube that penetrates the injection tube and extends to the outside is installed on one side of the nitrogen storage chamber. The exhaust coil is installed inside the rear of the injection tube, and its rear end extends into the inner chamber and seals against the front end of the nitrogen storage chamber. A microporous plate is installed at the front end of the exhaust coil.

[0011] In a new embodiment, a fixing ring is installed on the front side of the inner ring wall of the exhaust coil, and a sealing tube is slidably connected to the rear end of the fixing ring. The rear end of the sealing tube is sealed and slids inside the nitrogen storage chamber, and the front end of the sealing tube is connected to the rear end of the fixing ring by a spring. Several exhaust ports are equidistantly arranged in a ring on the outer wall of the sealing tube.

[0012] In a new embodiment, the rear end of the sealing tube is a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet is installed on the outer wall of the rear end of the exhaust coil; when the electromagnet is energized, it magnetically repels the permanent magnet to drive the sealing tube to slide axially, thereby controlling the connection or closure of the exhaust port and the nitrogen storage chamber.

[0013] In a new embodiment, a locking switching assembly is provided on the outer side of the front end of the injection tube. The locking switching assembly includes a rotating ring, an inner wall recessed locking ring, a spring post, and a sealing slider. The rotating ring is sleeved on the outer side of the front end of the injection tube, and an inner wall recessed locking ring is installed on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring. A plurality of mounting grooves are formed on the outer wall of the injection tube, and a spring post is installed on the outer side of each mounting groove. A sealing slider is fixedly installed on one end of the spring post facing the inside of the injection tube, and the sealing slider slides in a sealed manner within the mounting groove.

[0014] In a new embodiment, a discharge tube is installed in the middle of the front inner wall of the test device box, and a partition plate is installed in the middle section of the discharge tube; the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the discharge tube into an upper channel and a lower channel; an expansion tube is fixedly connected to the rear end of the discharge tube, and the ion focusing funnel is installed inside the expansion tube.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: 1. By integrating a corona discharge ion unit, an electrolytic ionization unit, a VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit, and an electrospray ionization unit into a composite ion device, and utilizing the separate design of the upper and lower ion source devices, the optimal ionization mode can be matched for gas and liquid samples respectively, achieving efficient ionization of most chemical substances such as volatile organic compounds, polar molecules, and heavy metal ions, with a detection range far exceeding that of traditional ion mobility spectrometers with a single ionization mode.

[0016] 2. The VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit is used to selectively soft ionize organic matter in the gas. Combined with the ion focusing funnel, the ion beam is constrained to the central axis. The ion transmission efficiency is increased from about 10% in the traditional structure to more than 85%, so that the gas detection limit reaches the ppt level (10-¹²) and the liquid detection limit reaches the ppb level, which is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than the traditional ion mobility spectrometer.

[0017] 3. The entire instrument consists of conventionally machined parts and standard electronic modules such as detectors, testing devices, sample inlet tubes, composite ion devices, ion focusing funnels, ion drift tubes, ion receiving electrodes, time measurement devices, and main control boards. It does not require expensive high-vacuum systems or high-precision machined parts, so the BOM cost is controllable. It supports large-scale grid-based deployment and provides high-density sensing data for AI systems.

[0018] 4. The same device can be fixedly installed at the monitoring station through the pipe flange interface or wall bracket to achieve 24 / 7 continuous online monitoring, or it can be used by hand with a portable handle to meet the needs of inspection and emergency testing.

[0019] 5. By switching the sample introduction channel and ionization mode, the same device can detect gas and liquid samples separately or alternately, avoiding the need to purchase duplicate equipment. During this process, the membrane assembly achieves selective sample introduction of gas (PDMS membrane) or liquid (hydrophobic PTFE membrane) by replacing the membrane plate; the backflush cleaning assembly backflushes the inner wall of the sample introduction tube and the fixed channel before switching to eliminate cross-contamination; the locking switching assembly enables rapid replacement of the membrane plate. The three components work together to shorten the gas-liquid switching time, reduce the cross-contamination rate, and significantly improve detection efficiency and reliability.

[0020] 6. Built-in machine learning model and wireless communication module, detection data can be reported to the AI ​​platform in real time, supporting edge-cloud collaborative computing, and naturally adapted to AI application scenarios such as smart environmental protection and intelligent manufacturing.

[0021] 7. Employing a high-precision TDC (100ns resolution) derived from TOF mass spectrometry technology, combined with temperature and pressure control and multi-channel cross-validation, the measurement accuracy can reach ±2-5%.

[0022] 8. Gas detection only requires exposing the inlet to the environment to be tested or connecting the pipeline; liquid detection only requires immersing the sampling tube into the liquid to be tested; fixed installation can be completed using standard flanges or brackets without the need for complex pipeline modifications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test device structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the ion focusing funnel of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the diaphragm assembly structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the delivery pipe structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the backflushing cleaning assembly structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the locking switching component structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge cylinder structure of the present invention. The figures are labeled as follows: 1. Detector; 2. Test device; 3. Sample inlet tube; 31. Delivery tube; 4. Composite ion device; 5. Ion focusing funnel; 6. Ion drift tube; 7. Ion receiving electrode; 8. Time measurement device; 9. Main control board; 10. Diaphragm assembly; 101. Stepped belt; 102. Diaphragm plate; 11. Backflush cleaning assembly; 111. Inner chamber of the pipe; 112. Nitrogen storage chamber; 113. Exhaust coil; 114. Microporous tray; 115. Fixing ring; 116. Sealing tube; 117. Exhaust port; 118. Electromagnet; 12. Locking switching assembly; 121. Rotating ring; 122. Inner wall recessed locking ring; 123. Spring post; 124. Sealing slider; 13. Discharge cylinder; 131. Divider plate; 132. Expansion cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] This application provides a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device, thereby offering a low-cost, high-sensitivity, gas-liquid dual-mode, and portable real-time chemical component sensing device and method. This device can serve as a front-end sensing terminal for AI systems, providing real-time, continuous, and multi-parameter environmental quality data for fields such as smart environmental protection, industrial safety, and food safety. In use, the device integrates multiple ionization modes and ion funnel focusing transmission technology, enabling real-time, continuous, and in-situ detection of chemical components in gases or liquids. It can be used as a portable terminal or fixedly installed in pipelines, factories, or environmental monitoring stations, providing detailed environmental quality data for artificial intelligence systems.

[0036] The technical solutions in this application are intended to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the overall approach is as follows.

[0037] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-11 This application provides a multi-mode ion migration real-time component sensing device, including a detector 1, a test device 2 installed inside the detector 1, a sample inlet tube 3 fixed on the front panel of the test device 2; a composite ion device 4, including an upper ion source and a lower ion source, respectively installed at the top and bottom of the front side of the inner cavity of the test device box 2, wherein the upper ion source and the lower ion source each independently include at least one of a corona discharge ion unit, an electrolytic ionization unit, a VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit, and an electrospray ionization unit; and an ion focusing leak. The ion focusing funnel 5 is located in the front middle part of the inner cavity of the test device box 2, and its front end is connected to the rear end of the composite ion device 4; the ion drift tube 6 is located in the rear middle part of the inner cavity of the test device box 2, and its front end is connected to the rear end of the ion focusing funnel 5; the ion receiving electrode 7 is installed at the end of the ion drift tube 6; the time measuring device 8 is installed in the upper rear part of the inner cavity of the test device box 2, and its input end is electrically connected to the signal output end of the ion receiving electrode 7; the main control board 9 is installed in the lower rear part of the inner cavity of the test device box 2 and is electrically connected to the time measuring device 8.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of this scheme, the device includes a detector 1, a testing device 2, a sample inlet tube 3, a composite ion device 4, an ion focusing funnel 5, an ion drift tube 6, an ion receiving electrode 7, a time measuring device 8, and a main control board 9. The sample inlet tube 3 is fixed to the front end of the testing device 2. The composite ion device 4 is installed on the front side of the inner cavity. Its internally integrated corona discharge, electrolytic ionization, VUV ultraviolet photoionization, and electrospray ionization units can be activated individually or in combination according to the sample type. The ion focusing funnel 5 gathers ions and sends them into the ion drift tube 6. The ion receiving electrode 7 converts the detected ion flow into an electrical signal. The time measuring device 8 records the drift time. The main control board 9 completes data processing and wireless transmission. The above structure enables flexible switching detection of gaseous and liquid samples in the same device.

[0039] Specifically, the injection tube 3 is fixed to the front panel of the testing device 2; outside the injection tube 3, there are independent gas injection channels and liquid injection channels; the gas injection channel is equipped with a micro gas pump and a filter assembly, which are used to draw in external gas samples and deliver them to the injection tube 3; the liquid injection channel is equipped with a micro peristaltic pump and an electrospray capillary assembly, which are used to introduce liquid samples into the injection tube 3 by electrospray; the above-mentioned gas pump, peristaltic pump and capillary assembly can be arranged at the beginning section of the delivery tube 31 or outside the front end of the injection tube 3, and can be switched to be connected to the injection tube 3. During actual operation, the system automatically selects the corresponding injection channel according to the sample type (gas or liquid), so that the sample enters the subsequent pipeline through injection tube 3, and the switching time does not exceed 5 seconds; The composite ion device 4 is mounted on the front side of the inner cavity of the test device 2, and integrates four types of ionization units inside; the composite ion device 4 includes an upper ion source and a lower ion source, as detailed below: The upper ion source is mainly used for gas detection. It can be equipped with a corona discharge ionization unit and a VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit. The corona discharge ionization unit consists of a tip discharge electrode and a counter-receiving electrode, with an operating voltage of 3-8kV. It is mainly used for general ionization of gas samples, and the ionization efficiency for volatile organic compounds can reach more than 85%. The VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit uses a vacuum ultraviolet lamp (photon energy 10.0-11.7eV) and a MgF2 transmission window. It is also suitable for gas samples, and performs selective soft ionization of organic compounds with fewer fragment ions and clearer spectra. Furthermore, the VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit uses a Kr lamp (photon energy 10.6 eV) or a Xe lamp (photon energy 8.4 eV), which can be selectively switched according to the ionization energy of the analyte, ionizing only the target substance without ionizing N2 (IE=15.6 eV) and O2 (IE=12.1 eV) in the air, thus achieving high selectivity and low background detection; The lower ion source is mainly used for liquid detection. It can be equipped with an electrospray ionization unit and an electrolytic ionization unit. The electrospray ionization unit consists of a high-voltage power supply (3-5kV), a capillary tube with an inner diameter of 30-100μm, and a desolvation heating tube, which can directly ionize polar molecules and non-volatile substances in liquids. The electrolytic ionization unit contains electrolytic electrodes made of at least two different materials (such as magnesium, zinc, aluminum, sodium alloy, or calcium alloy), with an operating voltage of 2-5V, and can generate a variety of characteristic labeled ions for auxiliary qualitative analysis. The four ionization units can be activated individually or in combination according to the sample properties, enabling the device to achieve efficient and broad-spectrum ionization of both gaseous and liquid samples. Furthermore, multiple electrode materials in the electrolysis ionization unit are activated sequentially according to a preset sequence to generate characteristic labeled ions (Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺, Al³⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺) with different masses and mobilities. Cross-validation component identification is achieved through the differences in the interaction between multiple labeled ions and the analyte.

[0040] Ion focusing funnel 5 is located at the rear end of composite ion device 4 and docked with it; ion focusing funnel 5 consists of 3-8 tapered annular electrodes arranged along the axis, and a superposition signal of radio frequency voltage (frequency 0.5-5MHz) and DC bias voltage is applied to each annular electrode; when ions are emitted from composite ion device 4, they are constrained to the central axis under the action of radio frequency electric field, and the transmission efficiency is increased from about 10% of the traditional structure to more than 85%, which significantly enhances the detection sensitivity; Furthermore, the annular electrode of the ion focusing funnel 5 is made of annular copper traces on a printed circuit board (PCB), and the radio frequency signal is generated by an integrated chip, eliminating the need for an external radio frequency generator and achieving miniaturization and low-cost integration.

[0041] The front end of the ion drift tube 6 is connected to the rear end of the ion focusing funnel 5. The ion drift tube 6 is a closed tubular structure with a uniform drift electric field (electric field strength 200-500V / cm) applied along the axial direction inside. The tube wall is equipped with a temperature control component (temperature adjustment range 10-80°C, accuracy ±0.5°C) and a pressure control component (100-1000mbar in gas mode, atmospheric pressure in liquid mode). Ions with different mobilities move at different speeds in the drift tube, thereby achieving time separation. In actual detection, temperature and pressure adjustment can be switched within 2 seconds, and the separation degree is improved by more than 40% compared with the traditional single electric field structure.

[0042] Ion receiver 7 is installed at the end of ion drift tube 6; ion receiver 7 adopts at least five independent titanium-based grid receivers, and the surface of each receiver is plated with gold to enhance conductivity, which can synchronously detect ion signals arriving at different drift times and realize multi-channel parallel acquisition.

[0043] The time measuring device 8 is installed on the upper rear side of the inner cavity of the test device 2, and its input end is electrically connected to the signal output end of the ion receiving electrode 7. The time measuring device 8 integrates a high-precision time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a resolution of ≤100ns, which can accurately measure the drift time of ions from generation to reception, with a time measurement error of less than ±0.01%.

[0044] The main control board 9 is installed on the lower rear side of the inner cavity of the test device 2 and is electrically connected to the time measurement device 8. The main control board 9 includes a microcontroller (MCU), a data storage unit, and at least one wireless communication unit (at least one of Wi-Fi, LoRa, 4G / 5G, or Bluetooth). The microcontroller has a built-in machine learning classification model that can identify components and calculate concentrations in real time based on the time and intensity spectrum of multi-channel ion signals, and report the detection results to the cloud or edge computing platform through the wireless communication unit. Furthermore, the machine learning classification model includes support vector machine (SVM) and / or random forest algorithm, with input features being the flight time, peak intensity, peak width, peak area and their variations under different temperature and pressure conditions of the multi-channel ion signal, forming a 10-50 dimensional feature vector; Furthermore, the data processing and communication module supports edge computing mode, which only uploads summary data after completing the initial component identification locally, reducing communication bandwidth requirements; it also supports cloud collaboration mode, which uploads the complete spectrum to the cloud for in-depth analysis and model updates. Actual testing showed that the device has a detection limit of 0.5 ppb for benzene compounds in gas samples and a detection limit of 0.1 ppm for heavy metal ions in liquid samples. The single detection time is less than 30 seconds, and it can operate continuously for 7×24 hours.

[0045] In addition, the device can also be connected via pipe flange interfaces, wall-mounted bracket interfaces, or portable handles (see reference). Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be installed and deployed in various ways, including fixed installation on pipelines, factory walls or environmental monitoring stations, or handheld mobile use, to meet the diverse deployment needs of AI front-end sensing terminals.

[0046] Specifically, the operation flow of the multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device of this application is as follows: Step S1: Introduce the gas or liquid sample to be tested into the inner cavity of the test device box 2 through the sample inlet tube 3; Step S2: Automatically select or manually switch the ionization mode according to the sample type. For gas samples, the VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit or corona discharge ionization unit in the composite ion device 4 is preferred. For liquid samples, the electrospray ionization unit or electrolytic ionization unit is preferred. Step S3: Under the selected ionization mode, multiple ionization units in the composite ion device 4 are activated simultaneously or sequentially to generate multiple characteristic ions; Step S4: The generated ions are focused by the ion focusing funnel 5 and enter the ion drift tube 6, where they are separated by time according to their mobility differences under the action of a uniform electric field. Step S5: The separated ions arrive at the ion receiving electrode 7. The ion receiving electrode 7 independently records the arrival time and signal intensity of ions in each channel to generate a multi-channel time-intensity spectrum. The time measuring device 8 records the time data. Step S6: Repeat steps S3 to S5 under at least two different temperature and / or pressure conditions using the temperature control component and pressure control component of the ion drift tube 6 to obtain multiple sets of spectral data; Step S7: Input the multiple sets of spectral data into the machine learning classification model built into the main control board 9 for real-time component identification and concentration calculation; Step S8: The detection results are reported to the AI ​​platform via the wireless communication unit of the main control board 9 as environmental perception data input.

[0047] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, the top and bottom of the sample inlet tube 3 are respectively connected to the delivery tube 31. The top delivery tube 31 is connected to the upper ion source and the bottom delivery tube 31 is connected to the lower ion source. Gas samples enter the upper ion source due to their lower density, while liquid samples enter the lower ion source due to their higher density.

[0048] Specifically, when a gas sample is pumped into the injection tube 3, due to its lower density, it is easier to flow upward at the bifurcation of the delivery tube 31, and thus enters the upper ion source through the top delivery tube 31; when a liquid sample is pumped into the injection tube 3, due to its higher density, it is easier to settle downward at the bifurcation of the delivery tube 31, and thus enters the lower ion source through the bottom delivery tube 31. The above layout utilizes the sample density difference to achieve automatic gas-liquid separation based on pumped flow, eliminating the need for additional valves or sensors at the delivery pipe 31. This solves the problem of traditional devices requiring manual switching or complex valve control to guide the gas-liquid sample to the correct ion source, achieving passive, uncontrolled gas-liquid separation and reducing system complexity and failure rate.

[0049] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 11 As shown, a discharge tube 13 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the front end of the test device box 2, and a partition plate 131 is installed in the middle section of the inner side of the discharge tube 13; the partition plate 131 divides the inner cavity of the discharge tube 13 into an upper channel and a lower channel; an expansion tube 132 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the discharge tube 13, and an ion focusing funnel 5 is installed inside the expansion tube 132.

[0050] Specifically, by setting up the discharge cylinder 13, the partition plate 131, and the expansion cylinder 132, in actual operation, when detecting gas samples, the ions generated by the upper ion source element pass through the upper channel through the discharge cylinder 13, and then through the expansion cylinder 132 into the ion focusing funnel 5; when detecting liquid samples, the ions generated by the lower ion source element pass through the lower channel through the discharge cylinder 13, and then through the expansion cylinder 132 into the ion focusing funnel 5. The above structure allows the ions generated by the upper and lower ion sources to have independent physical channels before entering the focusing funnel, avoiding mutual interference between the airflow and electric field of different ion sources. This solves the problem of signal attenuation or spectrum complexity caused by ion cross-interference when multiple ion sources work in a common cavity, realizes independent transmission of different ion sources, ensures the purity of the ion path, and improves the accuracy and repeatability of the detection results.

[0051] Example 2, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the injection tube 3 is provided with a membrane assembly 10, which includes a stepped band 101 and a membrane plate 102. The stepped band 101 is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the injection tube 3, and the membrane plate 102 is installed at the stepped band 101. The membrane plate 102 is a replaceable structure, including two types: PDMS membrane for gas and hydrophobic PTFE membrane for liquid. The membrane plate 102 is replaceably installed at the stepped band 101.

[0052] Specifically, the sample inlet tube 3 is provided with a stepped band 101 circumferentially arranged on the inner wall and a replaceable membrane plate 102 installed on the stepped band 101. The membrane plate 102 includes two types: a PDMS membrane for gas and a hydrophobic PTFE membrane for liquid.

[0053] In actual operation, operators can quickly replace the corresponding membrane plate 102 into or out of the stepped band 101 without tools, depending on the type of sample to be tested. When detecting gas samples, a PDMS membrane is selected, allowing gas molecules to selectively pass through the membrane into the downstream pipeline, while liquids or particles are blocked. When detecting liquid samples, a hydrophobic PTFE membrane is used, allowing volatile organic compounds in the liquid to pass through the membrane, while liquid water is blocked. This structure utilizes the selective permeability of different membranes, enabling the same injection tube 3 to adapt to the injection requirements of both gas and liquid samples. This solves the problem of traditional devices requiring the replacement of the entire injection module or complex pretreatment to switch sample forms, achieving rapid, low-cost, tool-free membrane replacement. The switching time is reduced to within a few seconds, and it effectively prevents liquid water from entering the ion source and causing damage.

[0054] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 6-9 As shown, the rear of the injection tube 3 is provided with a backflush cleaning assembly 11, which includes an inner chamber 111, a nitrogen storage chamber 112, and an exhaust coil 113. The inner rear of the injection tube 3 is provided with an inner chamber 111 that communicates with the inner cavity of the injection tube 3. The nitrogen storage chamber 112 is installed in the inner chamber 111. A supplementary gas pipe that penetrates the injection tube 3 and extends to the outside is installed on one side of the nitrogen storage chamber 112. The exhaust coil 113 is installed inside the rear of the injection tube 3, and its rear end extends into the inner chamber 111 and seals against the front end of the nitrogen storage chamber 112. A microporous plate 114 is installed at the front end of the exhaust coil 113.

[0055] Specifically, the system includes an inner chamber 111, a nitrogen storage chamber 112, an exhaust coil 113, and a microporous plate 114. One side of the nitrogen storage chamber 112 is connected to a supplementary gas tube that passes through the sample inlet tube 3 and extends to the outside, for replenishing high-pressure nitrogen. When it is necessary to remove the residue of the previous sample, the nitrogen storage chamber 112 is controlled by an electromagnet 118 in conjunction with a permanent magnet at the rear end of the sealing tube 116 to open the exhaust coil 113 channel, releasing high-pressure nitrogen. The nitrogen is then ejected forward (towards the front end of the sample inlet tube 3) from the microporous plate 114 through the exhaust coil 113. In the normal cleaning mode, the backflush airflow sweeps the fixed components such as the inner wall of the sample inlet tube 3, the stepped band 101, and the front end face of the microporous tray 114, blowing away the adsorbed residues and discharging them outside the device through the inlet of the sample inlet tube 3. In specific situations (such as when the surface of the same membrane plate 102 has been used multiple times and has obvious contaminants, or when ultra-high sensitivity trace detection is required), backflushing can be initiated before removing the membrane plate 102. At this time, the airflow will also blow towards the back and sides of the membrane plate 102, blowing away the residues attached to the surface. All the blown-away residues are discharged from the inlet with the high-speed airflow and can be collected through an external waste gas pipeline or adsorption trap to avoid drifting into the environment and causing secondary pollution. The above structure enables automatic reverse cleaning of the common channel (inner wall of sample inlet tube 3 and mounting cavity), and can also pre-clean the diaphragm plate 102 when necessary. During cleaning, the backflushing airflow is opposite to the sample inlet direction, and the residue is actively discharged from the device and will not accumulate inside. Since the diaphragm plate 102 itself is a replaceable part, it can be directly replaced with a new diaphragm plate 102 in normal use. Backflushing is only used as an auxiliary means to extend the single use time or meet special detection requirements. This solves the problem of cross-contamination caused by residue on the inner wall of the fixed pipeline during gas-liquid switching. At the same time, it provides a flexible means of dealing with the contamination of the diaphragm plate 102. Cleaning can be completed without disassembling the pipeline. The cleaning time is short and the residue rate is low.

[0056] Further, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a fixing ring 115 is installed on the front side of the inner ring wall of the exhaust coil 113. A sealing pipe 116 is slidably connected to the rear end of the fixing ring 115. The rear end of the sealing pipe 116 is sealed and slid inside the nitrogen storage chamber 112. The front end of the sealing pipe 116 is connected to the rear end of the fixing ring 115 by a spring. Several exhaust ports 117 are equidistantly arranged in a ring on the outer wall of the sealing pipe 116.

[0057] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9 As shown, the rear end of the sealing tube 116 is a permanent disk, and an electromagnet 118 is installed on the outer wall of the rear end of the exhaust tube 113. When the electromagnet 118 is energized, it magnetically repels the permanent disk to drive the sealing tube 116 to slide axially, thereby controlling the connection or closure of the exhaust port 117 and the nitrogen storage chamber 112.

[0058] Specifically, by setting a fixing ring 115, a sealing tube 116, an exhaust port 117, and an electromagnet 118, the rear end of the sealing tube 116 is a permanent magnet, and the electromagnet 118 is installed on the outer wall of the rear end of the exhaust tube 113. When not energized, the electromagnet 118 has no magnetic force, and the sealing tube 116 is kept in close contact with the front end of the nitrogen storage chamber 112 under the elastic force of the spring. The exhaust port 117 is located outside the nitrogen storage chamber 112 and is sealed, so nitrogen cannot be leaked out. When backflushing is required, the electromagnet 118 is energized, generating a magnetic field that repels the permanent magnet. The magnetic repulsion force pushes the sealing tube 116 forward against the spring force, allowing the exhaust port 117 to enter the nitrogen storage chamber 112. High-pressure nitrogen enters the exhaust coil 113 through the exhaust port 117, thus opening the backflushing air path. After the power is turned off, the magnetic repulsion force disappears, the sealing tube 116 resets under the action of the spring force, and the exhaust port 117 is closed again. The above structure utilizes the combination of electromagnetic force and spring force to achieve non-contact on / off control of the gas circuit, ensuring reliable sealing and rapid response. This solves the problem of requiring precise on / off control of backflushing gas and avoiding long-term leakage, thus achieving a gas circuit switch with low power consumption, long life, and high sealing performance.

[0059] As a further embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 10 As shown, a locking switching assembly 12 is provided on the outer side of the front end of the injection tube 3. The locking switching assembly 12 includes a rotating ring 121, an inner wall recessed locking ring 122, a spring post 123, and a sealing slider 124. The rotating ring 121 is sleeved on the outer side of the front end of the injection tube 3, and the inner wall recessed locking ring 122 is installed on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring 121. Several mounting grooves are opened on the outer wall of the injection tube 3. A spring post 123 is installed on the outer side of each mounting groove. A sealing slider 124 is fixedly installed on the end of the spring post 123 facing the inside of the injection tube 3. The sealing slider 124 slides in a sealed manner within the mounting groove.

[0060] Specifically, by setting up a rotating ring 121, an inner wall recessed locking ring 122, a spring post 123, and a sealing slider 124, when the operator manually rotates the ring 121, the inner wall recessed locking ring 122 rotates accordingly, and the relative position of the groove on its inner wall and the outer end of the spring post 123 changes; under the action of the spring post 123's own elastic force, its outer end enters the groove of the inner wall recessed locking ring 122, and at the same time, the spring post 123 moves radially inward, driving the sealing slider 124 to press inward against the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm plate 102, thereby achieving rapid locking; by rotating the rotating ring 121 in the opposite direction, the spring post 123 disengages from the groove, and the sealing slider 124 releases outward, thereby unlocking.

[0061] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device, comprising a detector (1) and a testing device (2) installed inside the detector (1), characterized in that: The sample inlet tube (3) is fixed on the front panel of the test device (2); The composite ion device (4) includes an upper ion source and a lower ion source, which are respectively installed on the top and bottom of the front side of the inner cavity of the test device box (2). The upper ion source and the lower ion source each independently include at least one of the following: a corona discharge ion unit, an electrolytic ionization unit, a VUV ultraviolet photoionization unit, and an electrospray ionization unit. An ion focusing funnel (5) is located in the front middle of the inner cavity of the test device box (2), and its front end is connected to the rear end of the composite ion device (4). The ion drift tube (6) is located in the rear middle of the inner cavity of the test device box (2), and its front end is connected to the rear end of the ion focusing funnel (5). An ion receiving electrode (7) is installed at the end of an ion drift tube (6); The time measuring device (8) is installed on the upper rear side of the inner cavity of the test device box (2), and its input end is electrically connected to the signal output end of the ion receiving electrode (7). The main control board (9) is installed on the lower rear side of the inner cavity of the test device box (2) and is electrically connected to the time measuring device (8).

2. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top and bottom of the sample injection tube (3) are respectively connected to a delivery tube (31), the top delivery tube (31) is connected to the upper ion source, and the bottom delivery tube (31) is connected to the lower ion source. Gas samples, due to their lower density, enter the upper ion source, while liquid samples, due to their higher density, enter the lower ion source.

3. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The injection tube (3) is provided with a membrane assembly (10), which includes a stepped band (101) and a membrane plate (102). The stepped band (101) is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the injection tube (3), and the membrane plate (102) is installed at the stepped band (101); The diaphragm plate (102) is a replaceable structure, including two types: PDMS diaphragm for gas and hydrophobic PTFE diaphragm for liquid. The diaphragm plate (102) is replaceably installed at the stepped strip (101).

4. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sample inlet tube (3) is provided with a backflush cleaning assembly (11) at the rear. The backflush cleaning assembly (11) includes an inner chamber (111), a nitrogen storage chamber (112), and an exhaust coil (113). The inner rear part of the injection tube (3) is provided with an inner chamber (111) that communicates with the inner cavity of the injection tube (3), and a nitrogen storage chamber (112) is installed in the inner chamber (111). A supplementary gas tube is installed on one side of the nitrogen storage chamber (112) through the sample inlet tube (3) and extending to the outside; The exhaust coil (113) is installed inside the rear side of the sample inlet tube (3), and its rear end extends into the inner chamber (111) of the tube and seals against the front end of the nitrogen storage chamber (112); The exhaust coil (113) is equipped with a microporous plate (114) at its front end.

5. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A fixing ring (115) is installed on the front side of the inner ring wall of the exhaust coil (113). A sealing tube (116) is slidably connected to the rear end of the fixing ring (115). The rear end of the sealing tube (116) is sealed and slid inside the nitrogen storage chamber (112). The front end of the sealing tube (116) is connected to the rear end of the fixing ring (115) by a spring. The outer wall of the sealing tube (116) has several vents (117) arranged in an equidistant ring.

6. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rear end of the sealing pipe (116) is a permanent disk, and an electromagnet (118) is installed on the outer wall of the rear end of the exhaust pipe (113). When the electromagnet (118) is energized, it magnetically repels the permanent magnet to drive the sealing tube (116) to slide axially, thereby controlling the connection or closure of the exhaust port (117) and the nitrogen storage chamber (112).

7. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the injection tube (3) is provided with a locking switching assembly (12), which includes a rotating ring (121), an inner wall recessed locking ring (122), a spring column (123) and a sealing slider (124). The rotating ring (121) is sleeved on the outer side of the front end of the injection tube (3), and an inner wall recessed locking ring (122) is installed on the inner ring wall of the rotating ring (121). The outer wall of the injection tube (3) is provided with several mounting grooves. A spring column (123) is installed on the outer side of each mounting groove. A sealing slider (124) is fixedly installed on one end of the spring column (123) facing the inside of the injection tube (3). The sealing slider (124) slides in the mounting groove in a sealed manner.

8. The multi-mode ion migration real-time composition sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A discharge cylinder (13) is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the front end of the test device box (2), and a partition plate (131) is installed in the middle section of the interior of the discharge cylinder (13). The partition plate (131) divides the inner cavity of the discharge cylinder (13) into an upper channel and a lower channel; The rear end of the discharge tube (13) is fixedly connected to an expansion tube (132), and the ion focusing funnel (5) is installed inside the expansion tube (132).

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