A high voltage electroscope

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage electroscope and relates to the technical field of high-voltage power detection equipment, and aims to solve the problems of low detection efficiency of a single probe of an existing high-voltage electroscope, easy mixed phase of multi-phase detection, poor stability of handheld operation and fatal safety hazards of single battery power supply. The high-voltage electroscope comprises an insulating rod, an operating handle, a multi-circuit detection structure, an audible and visual electroscope structure, a hand-cranking generator and a plurality of independent contact structures. Each contact structure is connected to the multi-circuit detection structure through an insulating wire with an automatic take-up mechanism, can be simultaneously adsorbed and fixed on a plurality of to-be-detected terminals to realize stable contact without handheld operation. The hand-cranking generator and the audible and visual electroscope structure form dual-power redundant power supply, meanwhile, a hand-cranking action is linked to a channel switching mechanism of the multi-circuit detection structure through a gear transmission chain to realize sequential inspection of the plurality of to-be-detected terminals, and a complete link color identification and a pointer structure are matched to completely avoid mixed phase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage power testing equipment technology, specifically to a multi-channel inspection-type dual-power redundant high-voltage detector. Background Technology

[0002] In voltage detection operations for high-voltage equipment in power systems, audible and visual alarm capacitive voltage detectors are currently the most widely used detection devices. They acquire electric field signals by contacting the live conductor under test, and after processing by an active circuit, indicate the live state with sound and light, ensuring the safety of operators. However, in practical applications, existing voltage detectors have the following prominent drawbacks: 1. Low efficiency of single-probe testing and cumbersome multi-phase testing: Most existing voltage detectors are single-probe integrated structures. When testing the A, B, and C three-phase terminals or multi-circuit terminals in the power cabinet, it is necessary to contact and test each terminal one by one and repeatedly adjust the handheld position. The operation efficiency is extremely low, especially in confined spaces and high-altitude operation scenarios, the operation is difficult and the operation time is long.

[0003] 2. Poor stability of handheld operation and easy to cause poor contact: Existing voltage detectors require the operator to hold the probe in the hand to maintain close contact with the terminal to be tested throughout the process. In low-temperature environments in winter, the operator's hands are prone to stiffness and trembling, which can easily lead to poor contact, inaccurate detection, or even misjudgment.

[0004] 3. Multiphase detection is prone to phase confusion and poses a risk of misjudgment: When existing voltage detectors perform phase-by-phase detection, there is no clear phase sequence identification. In scenarios with multiple circuits and densely arranged terminals, phase sequence confusion is very likely to occur, and a live phase may be mistakenly identified as a non-energized phase, leading to a safety accident.

[0005] 4. Insufficient power supply redundancy poses a fatal safety hazard: Existing voltage detectors rely solely on built-in button batteries for power. Although the battery status can be checked before use, if the battery suddenly runs out of power or loses power during the voltage detection process, the detection system will completely fail, resulting in a fatal misjudgment of "no alarm when there is power". Such accidents occur frequently in the power industry and seriously threaten the lives of workers.

[0006] In response to the numerous shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention proposes a high-voltage detector with multi-channel inspection, dual power supply redundancy, and hands-free stable contact, which fundamentally solves the pain points of the existing technologies and significantly improves the efficiency and safety of high-voltage detection operations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provide a high-voltage detector that enables simultaneous fixing of multiple terminals, stable contact without hand-held operation, sequential inspection via hand-crank linkage, redundant dual-power supply, and color-coded anti-phase mixing functions. This completely solves the problems of low detection efficiency, poor operational stability, easy phase mixing, and insufficient power supply safety redundancy of existing detectors.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-voltage detector includes an insulating rod, an operating handle, a multi-circuit detection structure, two sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures, a hand-cranked generator, and multiple independent contact structures. A set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures is installed at each of the two axial ends of the multi-circuit detection structure. The end of one set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures is fixedly connected to the operating handle, and the end of the other set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures is fixedly connected to one end of the insulating rod. The insulating rod is tapered at the end furthest from the sound and light detection structure. Multiple take-up housings are evenly distributed inside the insulating rod, centered on its axis. These housings are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulating rod via connecting blocks. Each housing contains a winding spool, with both ends penetrating the inner wall of the housing and rotatably connected at their contact points via bearings. A coil spring is fitted onto the inner wall of the winding spool near the housing. One inner end of the spring is fixedly connected to the winding spool, and the other outer end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A protective cover for the coil spring is fixed to the inner wall of the housing. The winding spool is wound with a first connecting wire with an insulating sheath. One end of the first connecting wire is electrically connected to the winding spool, and the other end of the first connecting wire extends out of the end of the take-up housing and the end of the insulating rod in sequence, and is electrically connected to the contact structure of the corresponding channel. The end of the take-up housing and the end of the insulating rod are provided with outlet holes for the first connecting wire to extend out. An L-shaped plate is fixed to the outer wall of the take-up housing. A square slide rod is slidably mounted through the L-shaped plate. One end of the square slide rod facing the take-up housing is electrically connected to the corresponding end face of the winding spool. The other end of the square slide rod is electrically connected to a second connecting wire with an insulating sheath. The second connecting wire is electrically connected to the winding spool through the square slide rod. A first limiting ring is fixedly fitted on the square slide rod. The first limiting ring is located between the L-shaped plate and the take-up housing. A first spring is fixed between the first limiting ring and the L-shaped plate. The first spring is fitted on the outside of the square slide rod. The first spring applies a pushing force towards the winding spool to the square slide rod through the first limiting ring, ensuring that the end face of the square slide rod and the winding spool are tightly fitted. Each contact structure includes a mounting plate, a magnet is fixed to one end face of the mounting plate, and a contact probe is slidably inserted through the center of the mounting plate; a second limiting ring is fixed to the end of the contact probe facing the insulating rod, and the second limiting ring is fixedly electrically connected to the end of the corresponding first connecting wire; a third limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the detection end of the contact probe, and a second spring is fixedly installed between the third limiting ring and the mounting plate, with the second spring sleeved on the outside of the contact probe; Each contact structure is provided with a positioning cylinder between its end and the end of the insulating rod. The positioning cylinder is fixed to the tapered end face of the insulating rod. A locking bolt is radially screwed onto the positioning cylinder. A rubber pad is fixed to one end of the locking bolt that extends into the positioning cylinder. The first connecting wire passes through the corresponding positioning cylinder and connects to the contact structure. The extension length of the corresponding first connecting wire can be locked by tightening the locking bolt. The multi-circuit detection structure includes an insulating mounting cylinder. A first rotating shaft is coaxially arranged inside the mounting cylinder, and contact discs are coaxially fixed at both ends of the first rotating shaft. Two first guide sleeves are symmetrically sleeved on the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first guide sleeves. A connecting rod is fixed to the top of the first guide sleeve, and the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner top of the mounting cylinder. Fourth limiting rings are respectively fitted to both sides of the first guide sleeve, and the fourth limiting rings are fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft. A conductive plate is radially fixed on the side wall of the first rotating shaft, and an elastic lever is fixed to the top of the conductive plate; multiple arc-shaped contact plates are uniformly fixed on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder along the circumferential trajectory of the elastic lever as it rotates with the first rotating shaft, the number of arc-shaped contact plates corresponding one-to-one with the number of contact structures, and an insulating partition is fixed between each two adjacent arc-shaped contact plates, the insulating partition being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder; when the elastic lever rotates with the first rotating shaft, it can be tightly fitted and electrically connected to the inner arc surface of the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate. An annular cover is fixedly fitted on the outer side of the mounting cylinder. The bottom end of the annular cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating rod through a U-shaped insulating conduit. The two ends of the U-shaped insulating conduit are respectively connected to the internal cavity of the insulating rod and the internal cavity of the annular cover. The ends of the multiple second connecting wires pass through the internal cavity of the insulating rod and the U-shaped insulating conduit in sequence and then enter the annular cover. An electric connecting rod is fixed on the outer arc surface of each arc-shaped contact plate. The other end of the electric connecting rod penetrates the inner wall of the mounting cylinder and extends into the annular cover, where it is electrically connected to the end of the corresponding second connecting wire. Multiple observation holes are evenly opened along the circumferential direction on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, and an insulating transparent plate is sealed and installed inside the observation hole; an insulating disk is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft, a first helical gear is fixedly sleeved on the insulating disk, a pointer is fixed on the side wall of the insulating disk, and the observation hole is opened on the circumferential trajectory of the pointer as it rotates with the first rotating shaft. The two sets of acoustic-optical voltage detection structures are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the mounting cylinder by bolts. A fixed plate is fixed to the side of the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure facing the mounting cylinder by a connecting plate. A square conductive contact rod is slidably arranged through the fixed plate. A fifth limiting ring is fixed to one end of the square conductive contact rod facing the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure. The fifth limiting ring is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board built into the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure by a connecting wire. The other end of the square conductive contact rod is tightly fitted and electrically connected to the contact plate on the corresponding side. A sixth limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the square conductive contact rod between the contact plate and the fixed plate. A third spring is fixed between the sixth limiting ring and the fixed plate. The third spring is sleeved on the outside of the square conductive contact rod. The bottom end of the first helical gear meshes with a second helical gear, and the bottom end of the second helical gear is coaxially fixed with a second rotating shaft. A second guide sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the second rotating shaft. The second guide sleeve penetrates the inner wall of the mounting cylinder and is fixedly connected to it. Both the second rotating shaft and the second guide sleeve are made of insulating material. The bottom end of the second rotating shaft is fixed with a third helical gear, and the axial ends of the second guide sleeve are respectively fitted with a seventh limiting ring. The seventh limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft. A fourth helical gear meshes with one side of the third helical gear, and a third rotating shaft is coaxially fixed to the side wall of the fourth helical gear. A fifth helical gear is coaxially fixed to the other end of the third rotating shaft. A third guide sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the third rotating shaft. The third guide sleeve is fixed to the outer casing of the hand-cranked generator. An eighth limiting ring is respectively fitted to both ends of the axial direction of the third guide sleeve. The eighth limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft. A sixth helical gear meshes with the fifth helical gear, and the sixth helical gear is fixedly mounted on the crank handle shaft of the hand-cranked generator. The hand-cranked generator is fixedly installed at the bottom of the operating handle, and the power output terminal of the hand-cranked generator is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board built into the sound and light voltage detection structure through a wire.

[0009] Furthermore, the winding spool is made of conductive metal, and the end of the square slide bar facing the winding spool is an arc surface that fits tightly against the center of the end face of the winding spool. The protective cover is made of insulating plastic and is placed on the outside of the coil spring to prevent the coil spring from contacting the first connecting wire, thus ensuring the stability and insulation safety of the electrical connection.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting plate of the contact structure is an epoxy resin insulating board, the magnet is a neodymium iron boron strong magnet, and the contact probe is made of copper conductive material. In its natural state, the second spring drives the detection end of the contact probe to extend out of the end face of the mounting plate through the third limiting ring. When the mounting plate is attracted to the terminal under test by the magnet, the contact probe is pressed back. The elastic force of the second spring ensures that the contact probe and the terminal under test are always in close contact, avoiding poor contact.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner arc surface of the insulating partition of the multi-circuit detection structure protrudes beyond the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped contact plate, ensuring that the elastic lever can only contact a single arc-shaped contact plate when rotating, thus avoiding short circuits in adjacent circuits. The elastic lever is made of beryllium copper, and in its natural state, its top end is higher than the top end of the conductive plate. When it is in contact with the arc-shaped contact plate, it undergoes elastic deformation, ensuring reliable electrical contact and preventing signal transmission interruption.

[0012] Furthermore, the first helical gear, the second helical gear, the third helical gear, the fourth helical gear, the fifth helical gear, and the sixth helical gear are all made of insulating engineering plastic to prevent high-voltage signals from interfering through the gears and to ensure electrical isolation of the detection circuit; the first rotating shaft, the contact plate, the conductive plate, the elastic lever, the arc-shaped contact plate, the electric connecting rod, and the square conductive contact rod are all made of conductive metal to ensure stable transmission of the detection signal.

[0013] Furthermore, both sets of the aforementioned audible and visual voltage detection structures are equipped with button batteries and audible and visual alarm components. The audible and visual alarm components include high-brightness LED indicator lights and piezoelectric buzzers. The PCB circuit boards of the two sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures are connected in parallel to form a dual-redundant detection and alarm circuit. When one set of audible and visual voltage detection structures fails, the other set can still work normally, thus improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer insulating sheaths of the multiple second connecting wires are all different colors, while the outer insulating sheaths of the second connecting wires and the first connecting wires electrically connected to the same spool are the same color. The outer surface of the annular cover is sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the corresponding second connecting wire's insulating sheath, corresponding to the connection position of each electrical connecting rod and the second connecting wire. The side of the observation hole is sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the circuit to which the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate belongs. By matching the colors one by one, misjudgment of mixed phases during multi-circuit detection is avoided.

[0015] Furthermore, the power output terminal of the hand-cranked generator is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the PCB circuit board of the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure through a rectifier and voltage regulator circuit, forming a dual-power redundant power supply circuit with the button battery built into the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure. When the hand-cranked generator is rotating, it can provide a stable DC working power supply to the acoustic-optical voltage detection structure regardless of whether the button battery has power, thus completely avoiding the risk of detection failure caused by battery depletion.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Multi-channel synchronous fixing, hand-free stable contact, significantly improving work efficiency: This invention features multiple independent contact structures, each equipped with an independent wire take-up mechanism. After the contact structure is quickly attached to the terminal under test by magnets, the first connecting wire of the corresponding length can be pulled out according to the position of the terminal under test. With the help of the spring clamping structure, the contact probe is kept in close contact with the terminal under test at all times. The operator does not need to hold the probe throughout the process, completely freeing their hands and avoiding contact problems caused by hand shaking and stiff hands in winter. It can be fixed to multiple terminals under test in the power cabinet at the same time without repeated adjustment of position, which greatly improves the efficiency of multi-terminal voltage testing operations, especially suitable for confined spaces and high-altitude operation scenarios.

[0017] 2. Hand-cranked rotary channel switching mechanism for sequential inspection and convenient operation: This invention uses a multi-stage insulated helical gear transmission chain to link the cranking action of the hand-cranked generator with the first rotating shaft of the multi-circuit detection structure. When the operator cranks the hand-cranked generator, it provides emergency power to the detection system on the one hand, and drives the first rotating shaft to rotate on the other hand, so that the elastic lever contacts each arc-shaped contact plate in sequence, realizing the sequential inspection of multiple terminals to be tested without additional switching operations. This achieves two goals at once, is convenient to operate, and greatly reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0018] 3. Full-link color identification completely avoids phase mixing misjudgment: The first connecting wire, second connecting wire, ring cover mark, and observation hole side mark of each detection circuit of the present invention are all the same color. During inspection, the pointer rotates with the first rotating shaft, and the color corresponding to the current detection circuit can be clearly identified through the observation hole. It corresponds one-to-one with the circuit color of the terminal under test, completely avoiding the problem of phase mixing misjudgment when detecting multiple terminals and multiple phases, and further improving the accuracy and safety of voltage detection operations.

[0019] 4. Dual power supply + dual detection loop redundancy significantly improves inherent safety: This invention forms a dual power supply redundancy system through the button battery built into the audible and visual voltage detection structure and a hand-cranked generator. During normal voltage detection, it relies on the button battery for power. To prevent the battery from suddenly running out of power or losing power during the voltage detection process, the operator can crank the hand-cranked generator to supply power to the audible and visual voltage detection structure in real time, ensuring that the voltage detection function works normally and fundamentally eliminating the fatal misjudgment of "no alarm when there is power". At the same time, two sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures are set up to form a dual redundant detection alarm loop. If one set fails, the other set can still work normally, further improving the safety redundancy of the equipment.

[0020] 5. The structure is reasonably designed, highly adaptable, and easy to maintain: The contact structure and wires of this invention are detachable and replaceable, and the wire winding mechanism can automatically wind up the wires to avoid tangling; the insulating rod is made of standard epoxy resin material, which meets the insulation requirements of different voltage levels; the overall structure is easy to assemble and disassemble, has low maintenance costs, is compatible with existing power safety operation specifications, and is easy to promote and apply in the power industry. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the take-up mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the multi-circuit detection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part C; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the cable take-up housing of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Insulating rod; 2. Operating handle; 3. Multi-circuit detection structure; 4. Sound and light voltage detection structure; 5. Hand-cranked generator; 6. U-shaped insulated conduit; 7. Contact structure; 8. Positioning cylinder; 9. Locking bolt; 10. Take-up housing; 11. Winding spool; 12. First connecting wire; 13. Mounting disc; 14. Contact probe; 15. Second limiting ring; 16. Third limiting ring; 17. Second spring; 18. Coil spring; 19. L-shaped plate; 20. Second connecting wire; 21. Square sliding rod; 22. First spring; 23. First limiting ring; 24. Connecting block; 25. Mounting cylinder; 26. Annular cover; 27. Observation hole; 28. Insulating transparent plate; 29. ​​First rotating shaft; 30. First guide sleeve; 30. Contact disc. 1; Fourth limiting ring 32; Connecting rod 33; Insulating disc 34; First helical gear 35; Pointer 36; Fixed disc 37; Connecting plate 38; Square conductive contact rod 39; Fifth limiting ring 40; Connecting wire 41; Sixth limiting ring 42; Third spring 43; Second rotating shaft 44; Second guide sleeve 45; Seventh limiting ring 46; Second helical gear 47; Electrical connecting rod 48; Arc-shaped contact plate 49; Insulating partition 50; Conductive plate 51; Elastic paddle 52; Sixth helical gear 53; Third guide sleeve 54; Third rotating shaft 55; Fifth helical gear 56; Fourth helical gear 57; Third helical gear 58; Eighth limiting ring 59; Magnet 60; Protective cover 61. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-voltage detector, which includes an insulating rod 1, an operating handle 2, a multi-circuit detection structure 3, two sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures 4, a hand-cranked generator 5, and multiple independent contact structures 7. It is adapted to the voltage detection needs of multi-phase (A, B, C three-phase + ground wire) circuits in the power cabinet, and the number of contact structures 7 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0025] The multi-circuit detection structure 3 has a set of acoustic-optical voltage detection structures 4 fixedly installed at each of its left and right axial ends by bolts. The right end of the right acoustic-optical voltage detection structure 4 is fixedly connected to the left end of the operating handle 2, and the left end of the left acoustic-optical voltage detection structure 4 is fixedly connected to the right end of the insulating rod 1, forming a coaxial integral structure. The insulating rod 1 is made of epoxy resin glass fiber material, which meets the high-voltage insulation requirements. Its left end is tapered, providing installation space for the winding mechanism.

[0026] The interior of the insulating rod 1 has multiple take-up housings 10 evenly distributed circumferentially around its axis. Each take-up housing 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulating rod 1 via a connecting block 24. The take-up housings 10 are made of insulating plastic to prevent crosstalk between circuits. Each take-up housing 10 has a coaxially arranged winding spool 11 made of conductive brass. Its left and right ends penetrate the left and right inner walls of the take-up housing 10, respectively, and the contact points are rotatably connected to the take-up housing 10 via sealed bearings, ensuring free rotation of the winding spool 11. A coil spring 18 is fitted onto the outer side of the right end of the winding spool 11. One inner end of the coil spring 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the winding spool 11, and the other outer end is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the take-up housing 10. An insulating plastic protective cover 61 is fixed to the right inner wall of the take-up housing 10, covering the outside of the coil spring 18 to prevent the coil spring 18 from contacting the wire and ensuring insulation safety.

[0027] A first connecting wire 12 with an insulating sheath is wound around the outer wall of the winding spool 11. The inner end of the first connecting wire 12 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the winding spool 11 to achieve electrical connection. The outer end of the first connecting wire 12 passes through the outlet hole at the left end of the take-up housing 10 and the outlet hole at the left end of the insulating rod 1 in sequence, and extends out of the outside of the insulating rod 1 to be electrically connected to the contact structure 7 of the corresponding circuit. When the first connecting wire 12 is pulled out, the winding spool 11 rotates, the coil spring 18 is tightened, and after being released, the coil spring 18 rebounds, driving the winding spool 11 to reverse and automatically retract the first connecting wire 12, realizing the automatic take-up function.

[0028] An L-shaped plate 19 is fixed to the outer wall of the right end of the take-up housing 10. A square slide rod 21 is slidably mounted through the vertical plate of the L-shaped plate 19. The square slide rod 21 is made of brass conductive material, and its left end is an arc surface that is tightly fitted and electrically connected to the center of the right end face of the winding spool 11. A second connecting wire 20 with an insulating sheath is welded and fixed to the right end of the square slide rod 21. The second connecting wire 20 maintains continuous electrical conduction with the winding spool 11 through the square slide rod 21. Regardless of whether the winding spool 11 rotates, the square slide rod 21 is always tightly fitted with the winding spool 11 to ensure the continuity of electrical signal transmission. A first limiting ring 23 is fixedly sleeved on the square slide rod 21. The first limiting ring 23 is located between the L-shaped plate 19 and the take-up housing 10. A first spring 22 is fixedly installed between the right end face of the first limiting ring 23 and the left end face of the L-shaped plate 19. The first spring 22 is sleeved on the outside of the square slide rod 21. The elastic force of the first spring 22 applies a leftward pushing force to the square slide rod 21 through the first limiting ring 23, ensuring that the square slide rod 21 and the end face of the winding shaft 11 are always tightly fitted, avoiding problems such as poor contact and signal interruption.

[0029] Each contact structure 7 includes a circular mounting plate 13, which is an epoxy resin insulating board. A neodymium iron boron magnet 60 is fixed to the edge of its left end face, which can be quickly adsorbed and fixed to the metal surface of the terminal to be tested, realizing hands-free operation. A sliding through hole is opened at the axis of the mounting plate 13, and a copper contact probe 14 is slidably inserted through the through hole. The copper probe has excellent conductivity and is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. A second limiting ring 15 is fixed to the right end of the contact probe 14. The second limiting ring 15 is welded to the outer end of the first connecting wire 12 to achieve electrical connection. A third limiting ring 16 is fixedly sleeved on the left end (detection end) of the contact probe 14. A second spring 17 is fixed between the right end face of the third limiting ring 16 and the left end face of the mounting plate 13. The second spring 17 is sleeved on the outside of the contact probe 14. In its natural state, the elastic force of the second spring 17 drives the left end of the contact probe 14 to extend out of the left end face of the mounting plate 13 through the third limiting ring 16; when the mounting plate 13 is attracted to the terminal under test by the magnet 60, the contact probe 14 is pressed to the right by the terminal under test, the second spring 17 is compressed, and its reverse elastic force ensures that the left end of the contact probe 14 is always in close contact with the terminal under test, thus completely avoiding the problem of poor contact.

[0030] A positioning cylinder 8 is correspondingly installed between each contact structure 7 and the left end of the insulating rod 1. The positioning cylinder 8 is fixed to the tapered left end face of the insulating rod 1, and the axis of the positioning cylinder 8 is parallel to the outgoing direction of the corresponding first connecting wire 12. A locking bolt 9 is radially screwed onto the side wall of the positioning cylinder 8. A rubber pad is fixed to one end of the locking bolt 9 that extends into the positioning cylinder 8. The first connecting wire 12 passes through the inner hole of the corresponding positioning cylinder 8 and connects to the contact structure 7. When the first connecting wire 12 is pulled out to the required length, the locking bolt 9 is tightened. The rubber pad presses against the insulating sheath of the first connecting wire 12, thereby locking the extension length of the first connecting wire 12, preventing the wire from retracting during the voltage testing process, and ensuring the stability of the position of the contact structure 7.

[0031] The rotary channel switching mechanism of the multi-circuit detection structure 3 is the core unit for channel switching in this invention. It includes an insulating engineering plastic mounting cylinder 25. A first brass rotating shaft 29 is coaxially mounted inside the mounting cylinder 25. Circular contact plates 31, made of conductive brass, are coaxially welded to both ends of the first rotating shaft 29 and are electrically connected to it. Two first guide sleeves 30, made of insulating plastic, are symmetrically fitted onto the first rotating shaft 29. The first rotating shaft 29 and the first guide sleeves 30 are rotatably connected via bearings. A connecting rod 33 is fixed to the top of each first guide sleeve 30, and the top of the connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the mounting cylinder 25, thus achieving coaxial fixation of the first rotating shaft 29. Fourth limiting rings 32 are respectively fitted onto the left and right sides of the first guide sleeves 30, and are fixedly fitted onto the first rotating shaft 29 to restrict axial movement and ensure stable rotation.

[0032] A conductive plate 51, made of brass, is radially welded to the middle sidewall of the first rotating shaft 29 and is electrically connected to the first rotating shaft 29. An elastic lever 52, made of beryllium copper, is welded to the top of the conductive plate 51, providing excellent conductivity and elasticity. Four arc-shaped contact plates 49, made of brass, are evenly fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 25 along the circumferential trajectory of the elastic lever 52 as it rotates with the first rotating shaft 29. The number of arc-shaped contact plates 49 corresponds one-to-one with the number of contact structures 7. An insulating partition 50, made of insulating plastic, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 25 between adjacent arc-shaped contact plates 49. The inner arc surface of the insulating partition 50 protrudes beyond the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped contact plate 49, ensuring that the elastic lever 52 can only contact a single arc-shaped contact plate 49 when rotating, thus preventing short circuits between adjacent circuits. When the elastic paddle 52 rotates with the first rotating shaft 29, its top end can fit tightly against the inner arc surface of the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate 49, generating elastic deformation to ensure reliable electrical contact and realize the conduction of the corresponding circuit.

[0033] An annular cover 26 is fixedly fitted on the outer side of the mounting cylinder 25. The annular cover 26 is made of insulating plastic. A U-shaped insulating conduit 6 is fixedly connected between its bottom end and the bottom right end of the insulating rod 1. The U-shaped insulating conduit 6 is a rigid insulating tube. Its left and right ends are respectively connected to the internal cavity of the insulating rod 1 and the internal cavity of the annular cover 26, forming a protective conduit channel for the conductor. The right ends of the multiple second connecting conductors 20 pass through the internal cavity of the insulating rod 1 and the U-shaped insulating conduit 6 in sequence and enter the annular cover 26. An electric connecting rod 48 is welded and fixed on the outer arc surface of each arc-shaped contact plate 49. The electric connecting rod 48 is made of brass. Its other end penetrates the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 25 and extends into the annular cover 26, where it is welded and fixed to the right end of the corresponding second connecting conductor 20, realizing the electrical conduction between each contact structure 7 and the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate 49.

[0034] Multiple observation holes 27 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the side wall of the mounting cylinder 25. An insulating transparent plate 28, made of acrylic material, is sealed inside each observation hole 27 to facilitate observation of the pointer position. An insulating disk 34, made of insulating plastic material, is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft 29. A first helical gear 35 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the insulating disk 34. A pointer 36 is fixed on the left side wall of the insulating disk 34. The observation holes 27 are located on the circumferential trajectory of the pointer 36 as it rotates with the first rotating shaft 29. When the pointer 36 rotates to the position corresponding to the observation hole 27, it can be clearly seen through the insulating transparent plate 28 to confirm the currently conducting circuit.

[0035] Two sets of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures 4 are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the mounting cylinder 25 by bolts. A circular fixing plate 37 is fixed to the side of the acoustic and optical voltage detection structure 4 facing the mounting cylinder 25 via a connecting plate 38. The fixing plate 37 is coaxially arranged with the first rotating shaft 29. A square conductive contact rod 39, made of brass, is horizontally slidably disposed at the center of the fixing plate 37 to prevent rotation. A fifth limiting ring 40 is fixed to one end of the square conductive contact rod 39 facing the acoustic and optical voltage detection structure 4. The fifth limiting ring 40 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the PCB circuit board built into the acoustic and optical voltage detection structure 4 via a connecting wire 41. The other end of the square conductive contact rod 39 is tightly fitted and electrically connected to the end face of the corresponding contact plate 31. A sixth limiting ring 42 is fixedly sleeved on the square conductive contact rod 39 between the contact plate 31 and the fixed plate 37. A third spring 43 is fixedly installed between the sixth limiting ring 42 and the fixed plate 37. The third spring 43 is sleeved on the outside of the square conductive contact rod 39. The elastic force of the third spring 43 applies a pushing force towards the contact plate 31 to the square conductive contact rod 39 through the sixth limiting ring 42, ensuring that the square conductive contact rod 39 is always in close contact with the contact plate 31 regardless of whether the first rotating shaft 29 rotates, thus ensuring continuous and stable signal transmission. Both sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures 4 are equipped with 3V button batteries and audible and visual alarm components. The audible and visual alarm components include high-brightness LED indicator lights and piezoelectric buzzers. The two sets of audible and visual voltage detection structures 4 form a dual-redundant detection alarm circuit. If one set fails, the other set can still work normally, improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0036] The bottom end of the first helical gear 35 meshes with the second helical gear 47. The bottom end of the second helical gear 47 is coaxially fixed with the second rotating shaft 44. A second guide sleeve 45 is rotatably sleeved on the second rotating shaft 44. The second guide sleeve 45 penetrates the bottom inner wall of the mounting cylinder 25 and is fixedly connected to it. Both the second rotating shaft 44 and the second guide sleeve 45 are made of insulating plastic to avoid crosstalk of high voltage signals. The bottom end of the second rotating shaft 44 is fixed with the third helical gear 58. The upper and lower ends of the second guide sleeve 45 are respectively fitted with the seventh limiting ring 46. The seventh limiting ring 46 is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft 44 to restrict the axial movement of the second rotating shaft 44.

[0037] The right side of the third helical gear 58 is meshed with the fourth helical gear 57. The right side wall of the fourth helical gear 57 is coaxially fixed with the third rotating shaft 55. The right end of the third rotating shaft 55 is coaxially fixed with the fifth helical gear 56. The third rotating shaft 55 is rotatably fitted with the third guide sleeve 54. The third guide sleeve 54 is fixed to the top of the housing of the hand-cranked generator 5. The left and right ends of the third guide sleeve 54 are respectively fitted with the eighth limiting ring 59. The eighth limiting ring 59 is fixedly fitted on the third rotating shaft 55 to restrict the axial movement of the third rotating shaft 55.

[0038] The bottom end of the fifth helical gear 56 meshes with the sixth helical gear 53, which is fixedly mounted on the crank handle shaft of the hand-cranked generator 5. When the crank handle is rotated, the sixth helical gear 53 rotates synchronously. The hand-cranked generator 5 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the operating handle 2 by bolts. Its power output terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the PCB circuit board built into the sound and light detection structure 4 through a rectifier and voltage regulator circuit, forming a dual power redundant power supply circuit with the button battery. When the crank handle is turned, a stable 3V DC power supply can be provided to the sound and light detection structure 4 regardless of whether the button battery has power.

[0039] In this embodiment, four second connecting wires 20 are used. The outer insulating sheaths of the four second connecting wires 20 are red, yellow, green, and black, respectively, corresponding to the three phases A, B, and C and the ground wire. The insulating sheaths of the first connecting wire 12 connected to the same spool 11 are exactly the same color as those of the second connecting wires 20. The outer surface of the annular cover 26 is sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the corresponding second connecting wire 20, corresponding to the connection position of each electrical linkage 48. The side of each observation hole 27 is also sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the corresponding circuit. Through full-link color correspondence, phase mixing misjudgment is completely avoided.

[0040] Working principle: Before performing the voltage testing, first press the self-test button on the sound and light voltage testing structure 4. The built-in button battery powers the PCB circuit board, and the self-test circuit inputs a simulated high voltage signal to the detection circuit. If both sets of sound and light voltage testing structures 4 emit clear sound and light alarms, it indicates that the equipment self-test is normal. If one set does not alarm, it indicates that the set is faulty, and the other set can still be used normally. If neither set alarms, it indicates that the button battery is dead or the circuit is faulty, and the battery needs to be repaired or replaced.

[0041] First, loosen one locking bolt 9. Then, use the insulating rod 1 to attach the mounting plate 13 of the contact structure 7 to the metal surface of the terminal under test using the magnet 60. Then, pull back the insulating rod 1. Since the contact structure 7 of this circuit is fixed to the metal surface of the terminal under test by the magnet 60, the first connecting wire 12 of the corresponding route of the loosened locking bolt 9 is pulled out from the take-up housing 10. After being pulled out to a suitable length, tighten the locking bolt 9 on the corresponding positioning cylinder 8 to lock the extension length of the first connecting wire 12. During the process of pulling back the insulating rod 1, the contact structures 7 on the corresponding routes of the unloosened locking bolt 9 will be pulled back along with the insulating rod 1 to prevent all contact structures 7 from being attached and fixed to the metal surface of the terminal. When the contact structure 7 is attached and fixed to the metal surface of the terminal under test, the contact probe 14 is pressed back by the terminal under test. The elastic force of the second spring 17 ensures that the contact probe 14 is always in close contact with the terminal under test, thus completing the fixation of the terminal under test without the operator having to hold it. Following the steps described above, according to the number of terminals to be tested, the corresponding number of contact structures 7 are sequentially adsorbed and fixed onto the metal surfaces of the corresponding number of terminals to be tested.

[0042] After all the terminals under test are fixed to the contact structure 7, the operator stands in a safe area holding the operating handle 2. The high-voltage electric field signal of the terminals under test is transmitted to the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate 49 through the contact probe 14, the first connecting wire 12, the winding spool 11, the square slide bar 21, the second connecting wire 20, and the electric connecting rod 48. The operator cranks the handle of the hand-cranked generator 5 at a uniform speed. When the handle rotates, the sixth helical gear 53 drives the fifth helical gear 56 to rotate, which in turn drives the fourth helical gear 57 to rotate through the third rotating shaft 55. The fourth helical gear 57 drives the third helical gear 58 to rotate, which in turn drives the second helical gear 47 to rotate through the second rotating shaft 44. The second helical gear 47 drives the first helical gear 35 to rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft 29. When the first rotating shaft 29 rotates, it drives the conductive plate 51 and the elastic lever 52 to rotate synchronously. The elastic lever 52 sequentially and tightly contacts multiple arc-shaped contact plates 49. Each time it contacts an arc-shaped contact plate 49, the high-voltage signal of the corresponding circuit is transmitted to the PCB circuit board of the audible and visual voltage detection structure 4 through the arc-shaped contact plate 49, the elastic lever 52, the conductive plate 51, the first rotating shaft 29, the contact plate 31, the square conductive contact rod 39, and the connecting wire 41. After filtering, amplifying, and threshold comparing the signal, the PCB circuit board of the audible and visual voltage detection structure 4 immediately drives the audible and visual alarm component to emit high-frequency flashing and high-decibel sound if the terminal under test is energized and the voltage reaches the rated starting voltage of the voltage detector, thus alerting the operator that the terminal under test in the circuit is energized. If the terminal under test is de-energized, there is no audible and visual alarm. At the same time, when the first rotating shaft 29 rotates, the pointer 36 rotates synchronously. When the elastic lever 52 contacts a certain arc-shaped contact plate 49, the pointer 36 is aligned with the observation hole 27 of the corresponding color. The operator can see the pointer position and color mark through the observation hole 27 and clearly identify which terminal under test is being tested. Combined with the audible and visual alarm status, the operator can accurately determine whether the corresponding terminal is energized and completely avoid misjudgment of mixed phases.

[0043] If, during the voltage testing process, the operator continuously and uniformly cranks the handle of the hand-cranked generator 5, the AC power generated by the hand-cranked generator 5 is converted into a stable 3V DC power by the rectifier and voltage regulator circuit, providing power to the entire system of the audible and visual voltage testing structure 4. This completely eliminates the need for button batteries, preventing detection failures caused by button batteries running out of power or being disconnected. If the terminal under test is energized, the PCB circuit board can process the high-voltage signal normally and drive the audible and visual alarm component to issue an alarm, completely avoiding the fatal accident of "misjudging power as no power" due to battery failure. If, after continuously cranking the hand-cranked generator 5, there is still no audible and visual alarm in the corresponding circuit, it can be confirmed that the terminal under test is de-energized, and the voltage testing operation is completed.

[0044] After the voltage testing is completed, the contact structure 7 is pulled off the terminal to be tested by the insulating rod 1. The locking bolt 9 on the positioning cylinder 8 is loosened, the coil spring 18 rebounds and drives the winding shaft 11 to reverse, automatically retracting the first connecting wire 12, completing the equipment storage, avoiding wire tangling, and facilitating storage and carrying.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-voltage detector, comprising an insulating rod (1), an operating handle (2), an audible and visual voltage detection structure (4), a hand-cranked generator (5), and a multi-channel independent contact structure (7), characterized in that, It also includes a multi-circuit detection structure (3); each of the two ends of the multi-circuit detection structure (3) is equipped with a set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures (4), one set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures (4) is fixedly connected to the operating handle (2), and the other set of acoustic and optical voltage detection structures (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the insulating rod (1); the interior of the insulating rod (1) is evenly provided with multiple independent wire taking-up mechanisms centered on its axis, and each wire taking-up mechanism is connected to an independent magnetic contact structure (7) through a connecting wire with an insulating sheath; the multi-circuit detection structure (3) is provided with a rotary channel switching mechanism that corresponds one-to-one with the multiple contact structures (7), and the rotary channel switching mechanism is connected to the crank handle rotation shaft of the hand-cranked generator (5) through a multi-stage insulated helical gear transmission chain, so as to realize the synchronous completion of detection channel switching and emergency power supply by hand-cranking action; the power output end of the hand-cranked generator (5) is electrically connected to the acoustic and optical voltage detection structure (4), and forms a dual power redundant power supply circuit with the button battery built into the acoustic and optical voltage detection structure (4).

2. The high-voltage detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The take-up mechanism includes a take-up housing (10). The end of the insulating rod (1) away from the sound and light detection structure (4) is tapered. The take-up housing (10) is located inside the tapered end of the insulating rod (1). The take-up housing (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulating rod (1) through a connecting block (24). Each take-up housing (10) is provided with a winding shaft (11). The two ends of the winding shaft (11) penetrate the inner wall of the take-up housing (10) respectively, and the contact point is rotatably connected to the take-up housing (10) through a bearing. A coil spring (18) is sleeved on the inner wall of the winding shaft (11) near the take-up housing (10). The coil spring (18) has a... One end of the coil spring (18) is fixedly connected to the winding spool (11), and the other end of the coil spring (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the take-up housing (10). A protective cover (61) for covering the coil spring (18) is fixed on the inner wall of the take-up housing (10). A first connecting wire (12) with an insulating sheath is wound on the winding spool (11). One end of the first connecting wire (12) is electrically fixedly connected to the winding spool (11), and the other end of the first connecting wire (12) extends out of the end of the take-up housing (10) and the insulating rod (1) in sequence, and is electrically connected to the contact structure (7) of the corresponding path. The end of the take-up housing (10) and the insulating rod (1) are both provided with a power supply. The first connecting wire (12) extends out of the outlet hole; an L-shaped plate (19) is fixed on the outer wall of the take-up housing (10), and a square slide rod (21) is slidably disposed through the L-shaped plate (19). One end of the square slide rod (21) facing the take-up housing (10) is electrically connected to the corresponding end face of the winding shaft (11), and the other end of the square slide rod (21) is electrically connected to a second connecting wire (20) with an insulating sheath. The second connecting wire (20) is electrically connected to the winding shaft (11) through the square slide rod (21); a first limiting ring (23) is fixedly sleeved on the square slide rod (21), and the first limiting ring (23) is disposed on the outer wall of the take-up housing (10). Between the L-shaped plate (19) and the take-up housing (10), a first spring (22) is fixedly provided between the first limiting ring (23) and the L-shaped plate (19). The first spring (22) is sleeved on the outside of the square slide rod (21). The first spring (22) applies a pushing force towards the winding shaft (11) to the square slide rod (21) through the first limiting ring (23), ensuring that the end face of the square slide rod (21) and the winding shaft (11) are tightly fitted. The end of the square slide rod (21) facing the winding shaft (11) is an arc surface, which is tightly fitted with the center of the end face of the winding shaft (11). The protective cover (61) is made of insulating plastic and is covered on the outside of the coil spring (18).

3. The high-voltage detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact structure (7) includes an insulating mounting plate (13), a magnet (60) is fixed to one end face of the mounting plate (13), and a conductive contact probe (14) slides through the axis of the mounting plate (13); a second limiting ring (15) is fixed to one end of the contact probe (14) facing the insulating rod (1), and the second limiting ring (15) is fixedly electrically connected to the first connecting wire (12); a third limiting ring (16) is fixedly sleeved on the detection end of the contact probe (14), and a second spring (17) is fixedly sleeved between the third limiting ring (16) and the mounting plate (13). The second spring (17) is sleeved on the outside of the contact probe (14). In its natural state, it drives the detection end of the contact probe (14) to extend out of the end face of the mounting plate (13) and out of the magnet (60). The end of the insulating rod (1) is fixed with a positioning cylinder (8) corresponding to each first connecting wire (12). The first connecting wire (12) passes through the corresponding positioning cylinder (8) and is connected to the contact structure (7). A locking bolt (9) for locking the extension length of the first connecting wire (12) is screwed on the positioning cylinder (8). A rubber pad is fixed at one end of the locking bolt (9) that extends into the positioning cylinder (8).

4. The high-voltage detector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary channel switching mechanism includes an insulating mounting cylinder (25). A first rotating shaft (29) is coaxially arranged inside the mounting cylinder (25). Contact plates (31) are coaxially fixed at both ends of the first rotating shaft (29). Two first guide sleeves (30) are symmetrically sleeved on the first rotating shaft (29). The first rotating shaft (29) and the first guide sleeves (30) are rotatably connected. A connecting rod (33) is fixed at the top of the first guide sleeve (30). The top of the connecting rod (33) is fixedly connected to the inner top of the mounting cylinder (25). A fourth limiting ring (32) is fitted on both sides of the first guide sleeve (30). A ring (32) is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft (29); a conductive plate (51) is radially fixed on the top surface of the first rotating shaft (29), and an elastic lever (52) is fixed at the top of the conductive plate (51); on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (25), a plurality of arc-shaped contact plates (49) are uniformly fixed along the circumferential trajectory of the elastic lever (52) rotating with the first rotating shaft (29), the number of the arc-shaped contact plates (49) corresponds one-to-one with the number of contact structures (7), and an insulating partition (50) is fixedly provided between two adjacent arc-shaped contact plates (49), and the insulating partition (50) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (25); the elastic lever (52) rotates with the first rotating shaft (29) 9) When rotating, it can be tightly fitted and electrically connected with the inner arc surface of the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate (49); an annular cover (26) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the mounting cylinder (25), and a U-shaped insulating conduit (6) is fixedly connected between the bottom end of the annular cover (26) and the bottom end of the insulating rod (1). The two ends of the U-shaped insulating conduit (6) are respectively connected to the internal cavity of the insulating rod (1) and the internal cavity of the annular cover (26); the ends of the multiple second connecting wires (20) pass through the internal cavity of the insulating rod (1) and the U-shaped insulating conduit (6) in sequence and then enter the annular cover (26); an electric connecting rod is fixed on the outer arc surface of each arc-shaped contact plate (49). 48), the other end of the electric connecting rod (48) penetrates the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (25) and extends into the annular cover (26), and is electrically connected to the end of the second connecting wire (20) of the corresponding line; a plurality of observation holes (27) are evenly opened on the outer wall of the mounting cylinder (25) along the circumferential direction, and an insulating transparent plate (28) is sealed and installed in the observation hole (27); an insulating disk (34) is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft (29), a first helical gear (35) is fixedly sleeved on the insulating disk (34), a pointer (36) is fixed on the side wall of the insulating disk (34), and the observation hole (27) is opened on the circumferential trajectory of the pointer (36) as it rotates with the first rotating shaft (29).

5. The high-voltage detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two sets of acoustic and optical voltage testing structures (4) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the mounting cylinder (25) respectively. A fixing plate (37) is fixed to the side of the acoustic and optical voltage testing structure (4) facing the mounting cylinder (25) through a connecting plate (38). A square conductive contact rod (39) is slidably arranged through the fixing plate (37). A fifth limiting ring (40) is fixed to one end of the square conductive contact rod (39) facing the acoustic and optical voltage testing structure (4). The fifth limiting ring (40) is electrically connected to the PCB circuit board built into the acoustic and optical voltage testing structure (4) through a connecting line (41). The other end of the square conductive contact rod (39) is tightly connected to the contact plate (31) on the corresponding side. A tight electrical connection is formed; a sixth limiting ring (42) is fixedly sleeved on the square conductive contact rod (39) between the contact plate (31) and the fixed plate (37), and a third spring (43) is fixedly sleeved between the sixth limiting ring (42) and the fixed plate (37). The third spring (43) is sleeved on the outside of the square conductive contact rod (39), and the third spring (43) applies a pushing force towards the contact plate (31) to the square conductive contact rod (39) to ensure continuous contact and conduction. Both sets of the sound and light detection structure (4) are equipped with button batteries and sound and light alarm components. The sound and light alarm components include a high-brightness LED indicator and a piezoelectric buzzer.

6. The high-voltage detector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multi-stage insulated helical gear transmission chain includes a second helical gear (47) meshing with a first helical gear (35). A second rotating shaft (44) is coaxially fixed to the bottom end of the second helical gear (47). A second guide sleeve (45) is rotatably sleeved on the second rotating shaft (44). The second guide sleeve (45) penetrates the inner wall of the mounting cylinder (25) and is fixedly connected to it. Both the second rotating shaft (44) and the second guide sleeve (45) are made of insulating material. A third helical gear (58) is fixed to the bottom end of the second rotating shaft (44). A seventh limiting ring (46) is respectively fitted to both ends of the axial direction of the second guide sleeve (45). The seventh limiting ring (46) is fixedly sleeved on the second rotating shaft (44). A fourth helical gear (57) meshes with one side of the third helical gear (58). A third rotating shaft (55) is coaxially fixed to the side wall of the fourth helical gear (57). (55) has a fifth helical gear (56) fixed coaxially at the other end; a third guide sleeve (54) is rotatably sleeved on the third rotating shaft (55), the third guide sleeve (54) is fixed on the outer shell of the hand-cranked generator (5), and an eighth limiting ring (59) is respectively fitted to both ends of the axial direction of the third guide sleeve (54), the eighth limiting ring (59) is fixedly sleeved on the third rotating shaft (55); a sixth helical gear (53) meshes on the fifth helical gear (56), the sixth helical gear (53) is fixedly sleeved on the crank handle rotating shaft of the hand-cranked generator (5); the hand-cranked generator (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the operating handle (2), and the power output end of the hand-cranked generator (5) is electrically connected to the PCB circuit boards built into the two sets of sound and light detection structures (4) through wires, forming a dual power redundant power supply circuit with the button battery built into the sound and light detection structure (4).

7. The high-voltage detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner arc surface of the insulating partition (50) of the multi-circuit detection structure (3) protrudes from the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped contact plate (49); the elastic paddle (52) is made of beryllium copper, and its top end is higher than the top end of the conductive plate (51) in its natural state, and it undergoes elastic deformation when it is in contact with the arc-shaped contact plate (49).

8. The high-voltage detector according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first helical gear (35), the second helical gear (47), the third helical gear (58), the fourth helical gear (57), the fifth helical gear (56), and the sixth helical gear (53) are all made of insulating engineering plastic; the first rotating shaft (29), the contact plate (31), the conductive plate (51), the elastic lever (52), the arc-shaped contact plate (49), the electric connecting rod (48), and the square conductive contact rod (39) are all made of conductive metal.

9. The high-voltage detector according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer insulating sheaths of the multiple second connecting wires (20) are all different colors. The outer insulating sheaths of the second connecting wires (20) and the first connecting wires (12) that are electrically connected to the same spool (11) are the same color. The outer surface of the annular cover (26) is sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the insulating sheath of the corresponding second connecting wire (20) at the connection position of each electric connecting rod (48) and the second connecting wire (20). The side of the observation hole (27) is sprayed with marking pigment of the same color as the circuit to which the corresponding arc-shaped contact plate (49) belongs.

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