A carbonate rock bead-shaped seismic reflection feature enhancement method and device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510501719.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
AI Technical Summary
[0055]本发明实施例提供的上述技术方案的有益效果至少包括：
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of geophysical oil and gas exploration technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks. Background Technology
[0002] The fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs have enormous oil and gas potential, but their reservoir control, enrichment control, and enrichment mechanisms are very complex. Some oilfields are fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs controlled by strike-slip faults. Well drilling targets are mainly large fractured-vuggy reservoirs controlled by main source faults. Statically, they are mainly characterized by "main faults + normal topography + long beaded structures". In seismic data, strike-slip fault identification and the engraving of beaded seismic reflectors in carbonate rocks are important bases for locating oil and gas targets.
[0003] In practice, strike-slip faults exhibit weak seismic responses and are difficult to identify. Furthermore, due to the quality of seismic data, the energy of beaded seismic reflectors in carbonate rocks is weak and unclear, which significantly impacts the identification of oil and gas targets. Therefore, enhancing and identifying beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in seismic data is of great research significance. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method and apparatus for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in a beaded manner to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, comprising:
[0006] A first three-dimensional seismic data volume is acquired, and a frequency-wavenumber domain transformation is performed on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume;
[0007] In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip filtering to obtain multiple dip-filtered data volumes with different dip angles;
[0008] The multiple tilt-filtered data volumes with different tilt angles are merged to obtain a merged data volume, and the merged data volume is processed according to a preset rule to obtain a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body.
[0009] The original seismic data was enhanced using a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier to obtain an enhanced carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature.
[0010] In one embodiment, the above-described method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks involves performing a frequency-wavenumber domain transformation on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume, including:
[0011] A three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the transformed seismic data volume, and the three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is then performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume according to the following formula:
[0012]
[0013] In the formula,
[0014] d(x,y,t) represents the first three-dimensional seismic data volume, where x and y represent two spatial coordinates in the plane, and t represents the vertical time coordinate;
[0015] The coordinates in the three dimensions are: x = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, y = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, t=0,1,2,…,N t -1, where N x N y and N t These represent the number of points used in d(x,y,t) in the three dimensions of x, y, and t, respectively.
[0016] The frequency wavenumber domain is k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, where i is the imaginary unit; DFT[] is the Discrete Fourier Transform operator.
[0017] In one embodiment, the above-described method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks involves performing dip filtering on the second three-dimensional seismic data volume in the frequency wavenumber domain to obtain multiple dip-filtered data volumes with different dip angles, including:
[0018] Based on the frequency wavenumber domain, construct the tilt angle filter window function data volume;
[0019] Using the constructed tilt angle filter window function data volume, calculate the product of the tilt angle filter window function data volume and the second three-dimensional seismic data volume;
[0020] Based on the product, a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform is performed on the product to obtain the multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles.
[0021] In one embodiment, the above-described method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, based on the frequency wavenumber domain, constructs a dip angle filter window function data volume, including:
[0022] The tilt angle filter window function data volume is constructed using the following formula:
[0023]
[0024] in, For the constructed corner filter window function data body,
[0025] k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are filter parameters, a1 is the 0 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a2 is the 1 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a3 is the 1 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window, and a4 is the 0 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window.
[0026] dip(k1,k2,k3) is the dip angle calculation function.
[0027] In one embodiment, in the above-mentioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, the dip angle calculation function dip(k1,k2,k3) is:
[0028]
[0029] in,
[0030]
[0031] H x =floor(N) x / 2), H y =floor(N) y / 2), H t =floor(N) t / 2), floor() is the floor function.
[0032] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, based on the product result, performs a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform on the product result to obtain the formula for the dip angle filtered data volumes with multiple different dip angles:
[0033]
[0034] Based on the formulas for the tilt angle filter data volumes with different tilt angles, the tilt angle filter data volume is obtained as d. 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t),d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t),d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t),d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t),d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t) and d 65,70,75,80(x,y,t).
[0035] In one embodiment, the calculation formula for merging the multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles in the above-mentioned method for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks with beaded features is as follows:
[0036] g(x,y,t)=log 10 |hilbert(d 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))|
[0037] Where hilbert() is the Hilbert transform operator, v threshold To set a threshold value;
[0038] The merged data volume is obtained and processed according to preset rules. The calculation rules for the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification volume are as follows:
[0039]
[0040] Where m(x,y,t) is the beaded seismic reflection identifier of carbonate rocks, v threshold To set a threshold value.
[0041] In one embodiment, the above-described method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, wherein the set threshold value v threshold The calculation formula is:
[0042] v threshold =log 10 max(|d(x,y,t)|)-4
[0043] Here, max() is the maximum value operator.
[0044] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks utilizes a beaded seismic reflection identifier to enhance the beaded seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume. The calculation formula for obtaining the enhanced beaded seismic reflection feature of carbonate rocks is as follows:
[0045] re(x,y,t)=(v scale ·m(x,y,t)+1)d(x,y,t)
[0046] Among them, v scale To enhance the multiplier.
[0047] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks, comprising:
[0048] The acquisition module acquires a first three-dimensional seismic data volume and performs frequency-wavenumber domain transformation on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume.
[0049] Data preprocessing module: In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles;
[0050] The data merging module merges the multiple tilt-filtered data volumes with different tilt angles to obtain a carbonate rock bead-like seismic reflection identification volume.
[0051] The enhancement module uses a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier to enhance the original seismic data, resulting in an enhanced carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature.
[0052] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computing device, characterized in that it includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0053] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor, the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks can be implemented.
[0054] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0055] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:
[0056] The method for enhancing the seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks in beaded formations provided in this invention is based on a data-driven method for identifying these features. It can be directly used to enhance the seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks in beaded formations and can also provide high-quality label data for deep learning-based methods for identifying such features. This method utilizes the frequency beam response characteristics of these seismic reflections, employing high-frequency wavenumber information reconstruction to extract the information. It focuses on the morphological characteristics of these reflections and its recognition capability is not limited by the energy intensity of the reflectors, thus enabling the identification of beads on seismic profiles with energy weaker than that reflected by the surrounding rock.
[0057] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.
[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0059] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0061] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt filtering process for the second three-dimensional seismic data volume in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0062] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an example of the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0063] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional seismic data volume in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0064] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tilt angle filtering data volume for six different tilt angles in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0065] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a carbonate rock bead-shaped seismic reflection identification body in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0066] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a carbonate rock bead-like seismic reflection enhancement data volume in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0067] Figure 8(a) is a comparison of planar slice properties before and after enhancement of the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in the embodiment of the present invention;
[0068] Figure 8(b) is a comparison of the properties of a planar slice before and after the enhancement of the seismic reflection characteristics of the beaded carbonate rocks; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbonate rock bead-shaped seismic reflection feature enhancement device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0069] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0070] The inventors of this invention have discovered that current methods for identifying beaded reflections mainly include seismic attribute methods and deep learning methods. Traditional seismic attribute techniques, such as instantaneous amplitude, can only identify high-energy carbonate rock beaded seismic reflectors in seismic data. Deep learning methods, which mainly draw on image segmentation calculations from the field of computer vision, are a promising method for identifying carbonate rock beaded seismic reflections. However, their successful application requires a sufficient amount of carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection label data. Label data can be obtained through manual annotation or numerical simulation. Manual annotation methods are inefficient and inaccurate, and mainly use two-dimensional labels, while actual carbonate rock beaded seismic reflections are three-dimensional data volumes. Although data simulation methods can create three-dimensional labels, the simulation results often differ from the characteristics of actual seismic data, affecting the subsequent training and application of neural networks.
[0071] How to effectively identify the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks based on actual data, and how to ensure that the identification capability is not limited by the energy intensity of the beaded seismic reflectors, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved.
[0072] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a method and apparatus for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0073] First, the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be described. (Refer to...) Figure 1As shown, the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks specifically includes the following steps:
[0074] S11. Obtain the first three-dimensional seismic data volume, and perform frequency wavenumber domain transformation on the obtained first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the second three-dimensional seismic data volume.
[0075] S12. In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles.
[0076] S13. Merge the multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles to obtain a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification volume;
[0077] S14. The original seismic data was enhanced using the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body to obtain the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement body.
[0078] The method for enhancing the seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks in beaded formations provided in this invention is based on a data-driven method for identifying these features. It can be directly used to enhance the seismic reflection features of carbonate rocks in beaded formations and can also provide high-quality label data for deep learning-based methods for identifying such features. This method utilizes the frequency beam response characteristics of these seismic reflections, employing high-frequency wavenumber information reconstruction to extract the information. It focuses on the morphological characteristics of these reflections and its recognition capability is not limited by the energy intensity of the reflectors. Therefore, it can identify "beads" on seismic profiles with energy weaker than that reflected by the surrounding rock.
[0079] In one embodiment, step S11 above, which involves performing a frequency-wavenumber domain transformation on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume, specifically includes:
[0080] A three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the transformed seismic data volume, and a three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume according to the following formula (1):
[0081]
[0082] In the formula,
[0083] d(x,y,t) represents the first three-dimensional seismic data volume, where x and y represent two spatial coordinates in the plane, and t represents the vertical time coordinate;
[0084] The coordinates in the three dimensions are: x = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, y = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, t=0,1,2,…,N t -1, where N x N y and N t These represent the number of points used in d(x,y,t) in the three dimensions of x, y, and t, respectively.
[0085] The frequency wavenumber domain is k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, where i is the imaginary unit; DFT[] is the Discrete Fourier Transform operator.
[0086] Based on the coordinate values in the three dimensions mentioned above, it can be seen that the coordinate values in these three dimensions are discrete.
[0087] In one embodiment, in step S12 above, in the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering processing to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles, as referenced. Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps may include the following:
[0088] S21. Construct the tilt angle filter window function data volume based on the frequency wavenumber domain;
[0089] S22. Using the constructed tilt angle filter window function data volume, calculate the product of the tilt angle filter window function data volume and the second three-dimensional seismic data volume;
[0090] S23. Based on the product, perform a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform on the product to obtain the multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles.
[0091] In one embodiment, in step S21 above, the tilt angle filter window function data volume is constructed based on the frequency wavenumber domain. The process of constructing the tilt angle filter window function data volume specifically includes:
[0092] The tilt angle filter window function data volume is constructed using the following formula (2):
[0093]
[0094] in, For the constructed corner filter window function data body,
[0095] k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y-1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are filter parameters, a1 is the 0 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a2 is the 1 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a3 is the 1 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window, and a4 is the 0 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window.
[0096] dip(k1,k2,k3) is the dip angle calculation function.
[0097] In one embodiment, the tilt angle calculation function dip(k1,k2,k3) is calculated using the following formula (3):
[0098]
[0099] in,
[0100]
[0101] H x =floor(N) x / 2), H y =floor(N) y / 2), H t =floor(N) t / 2), floor() is the floor function.
[0102] In one embodiment, in step S22 above, the product of the constructed dip angle filter window function data volume and the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is calculated using the constructed dip angle filter window function data volume, i.e. Multiply by D(k1,k2,k3).
[0103] In one embodiment, in step S23, based on the product result, a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform is performed on the product result to obtain multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles. Formula (4) is as follows:
[0104]
[0105] in, Indicates to The product of the ...
[0106] In one embodiment, the tilt filter data volume d is obtained from the above formula based on multiple tilt angles of different tilt angles. 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t),d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t),d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t),d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t),d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t) and d65,70,75,80 (x,y,t).
[0107] In one embodiment, the calculation formula (5) for merging multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles in step S13 above is:
[0108] g(x,y,t)=log 10 |hilbert(d 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))|
[0109] Where g(x,y,t) is the merged data volume, and hilbert() is the Hilbert transform operator;
[0110] The merged data volume is obtained, and processed according to preset rules to obtain the calculation formula (6) for the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body.
[0111]
[0112] Where m(x,y,t) is the beaded seismic reflection identifier of carbonate rocks, v threshold To set a threshold value.
[0113] In one embodiment, the aforementioned threshold value v threshold The calculation formula (7) is as follows:
[0114] v threshold =log 10 max(|d(x,y,t)|)-4
[0115] Here, max() is the maximum value operator.
[0116] In practical applications, the specific implementation of v can be adjusted according to actual needs. threshold To achieve better computational results, some fine-tuning is performed. Generally, the fine-tuning range is:
[0117] log 10max(|d(x,y,t)|)-5 to log 10 The range is between max(|d(x,y,t)|) and 2.
[0118] Further, in one embodiment, in step S14 above, the first three-dimensional seismic data volume is enhanced with carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection features using a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier, and the calculation formula (8) for the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement is as follows:
[0119] re(x,y,t)=(v scale ·m(x,y,t)+1)d(x,y,t)
[0120] Among them, v scale To enhance the multiplier.
[0121] For example, v scale =1 indicates that the identified beaded seismic reflection data is enhanced by 1 time.
[0122] The following example illustrates the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks provided in this embodiment of the invention.
[0123] This example demonstrates the application of a method to enhance the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks resembling beads in a series of fractured-vuggy carbonate rocks in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation of a certain work area. The seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in this work area are relatively weak, making identification difficult. The method utilizes the frequency beam response characteristics of these beads, employing high-frequency wavenumber information reconstruction to extract the information. It focuses on the morphological characteristics of these beads, and its identification capability is not limited by the energy intensity of the seismic reflections. Therefore, it can identify "beads" on seismic profiles with energy weaker than that reflected from the surrounding rock. A flowchart illustrating the process of this method is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, it includes:
[0124] S31. Transform the first three-dimensional seismic data volume into the frequency wavenumber domain to obtain the second three-dimensional seismic data volume;
[0125] Specifically, the first three-dimensional data volume is denoted by d(x,y,t) below, where x and y are two spatial coordinates in the plane, and t is the vertical time coordinate. Let the three dimensions be discrete using coordinates x = 0, 1, 2, ..., N. x -1, y = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, t=0,1,2,…,N t -1, where N x N y N tThe number of points used in each of the three dimensions are as follows, refer to Figure 4 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view of the first three-dimensional seismic data volume provided in the example of the present invention; the first three-dimensional seismic data volume is transformed in the frequency wavenumber domain using formula (1) to obtain the second three-dimensional seismic data volume, namely D(k1,k2,k3).
[0126] S32. In the frequency wavenumber domain, dip angle filtering is performed on the second three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles.
[0127] Specifically, the dip angle filter window function data volume is constructed using formulas (2) and (3) for the second three-dimensional seismic data volume.
[0128] Calculate the constructed tilt angle filter window function data volume The product of D(k1,k2,k3) and the product of D(k1,k2,k3) are used, and the product is subjected to a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform using formula (4) to obtain d. 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t),d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t),d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t),d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t),d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t) and d 65,70,75,80 (x, y, t) are six tilt angle filtered data volumes, referencing... Figure 5 The figure shown is a cross-sectional view of the tilt filter data volume with six different tilt angles provided in the example of the present invention.
[0129] S33. Merge multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles to obtain carbonate rock bead-like seismic reflection identification volume;
[0130] Specifically, the above-mentioned tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles are merged using formula (5) to obtain the merged data volume, namely g(x,y,t);
[0131] Using formula (6), the merged data volume is processed according to preset rules to obtain the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification volume m(x,y,t); refer to Figure 6 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body provided in an example of the present invention. In this example, V is taken as... threshold =log 10 max(|d(x,y,t)|)-3.5.
[0132] S34. The first three-dimensional seismic data volume is enhanced with the seismic reflection feature of carbonate rocks using the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body to obtain the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement body.
[0133] Specifically, the first three-dimensional seismic data volume is enhanced with carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection features using formula (8) to obtain the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement volume re(x,y,t). In this example, the enhancement factor v scale =1;
[0134] Reference Figure 7 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection enhancement data volume provided in an example of the present invention, for comparison. Figure 4 and Figure 7 It can be observed that some relatively hidden weak beaded seismic reflectors in carbonate rocks in the original seismic profile are enhanced. Referring to Figures 8(a) and 8(b), which are comparison images of planar slice attributes before and after enhancement of the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks provided in this embodiment of the invention, it can be seen that the enhanced planar slice attribute image shows that the beaded seismic reflection energy of carbonate rocks is more prominent and has obvious distribution characteristics along the fault zone, further confirming the effectiveness of the method.
[0135] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a device for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in a beaded pattern. Since the principles underlying these devices and clients are similar to the aforementioned method for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in a beaded pattern, the implementation of this device can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned method; repeated details will not be elaborated further. (Refer to...) Figure 9 As shown, the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement device specifically includes the following modules:
[0136] The acquisition module 91 acquires a first three-dimensional seismic data volume and performs frequency wavenumber domain transformation on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume.
[0137] Data preprocessing module 92: In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles;
[0138] The data merging module 93 merges the multiple tilt-filtered data volumes with different tilt angles to obtain a carbonate rock bead-like seismic reflection identification volume.
[0139] Data augmentation module 94 uses the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier to enhance the original seismic data with carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection features, resulting in an enhanced carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature.
[0140] This invention also provides a computing device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0141] This invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that, when the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor, enables the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0142] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks.
[0143] Regarding the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement device in the above embodiments, the specific operation of each module has been described in detail in the embodiments of the relevant method, and will not be elaborated here.
[0144] The user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.
[0145] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.
[0146] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0147] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0148] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0149] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A method for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks resembling beads, characterized in that, include: A first three-dimensional seismic data volume is acquired, and a frequency-wavenumber domain transformation is performed on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume; In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles; The multiple tilt-filtered data volumes with different tilt angles are merged to obtain a merged data volume, and the merged data volume is processed according to a preset rule to obtain a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification body. The original seismic data was enhanced using a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier to obtain an enhanced carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature.
2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first three-dimensional seismic data volume is transformed in the frequency-wavenumber domain to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume, including: A three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the transformed seismic data volume, and the three-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is then performed on the first three-dimensional seismic data volume according to the following formula: In the formula, d(x,y,t) represents the first three-dimensional seismic data volume, where x and y represent two spatial coordinates in the plane, and t represents the vertical time coordinate; The coordinates in the three dimensions are: x = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, y = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, t=0,1,2,…,N t -1, where N x N y and N t These represent the number of points used in d(x,y,t) in the three dimensions of x, y, and t, respectively. The frequency wavenumber domain is k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, where i is the imaginary unit; DFT[] is the Discrete Fourier Transform operator.
3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip filtering to obtain multiple dip-filtered data volumes with different dip angles, including: Based on the frequency wavenumber domain, construct the tilt angle filter window function data volume; Using the constructed tilt angle filter window function data volume, calculate the product of the tilt angle filter window function data volume and the second three-dimensional seismic data volume; Based on the product, a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform is performed on the product to obtain the multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles.
4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the frequency wavenumber domain, a tilt angle filter window function data volume is constructed, including: The tilt angle filter window function data volume is constructed using the following formula: in, For the constructed corner filter window function data body, k1 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N x -1, k2 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N y -1, k3 = 0, 1, 2, ..., N t -1, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are filter parameters, a1 is the 0 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a2 is the 1 value position of the low-cut trapezoidal window, a3 is the 1 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window, and a4 is the 0 value position of the high-cut trapezoidal window. dip(k1,k2,k3) is the dip angle calculation function.
5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tilt angle calculation function dip(k1,k2,k3) is: in, H x =floor(N) x / 2), H y =floor(N) y / 2), H t =floor(N) t / 2), floor() is the floor function.
6. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the product result, performing a three-dimensional discrete Fourier inverse transform on the product result yields the following formula for obtaining the tilt angle filtered data volumes with multiple different tilt angles: Based on the formulas for the tilt angle filter data volumes with different tilt angles, the tilt angle filter data volume is obtained as d. 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t),d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t),d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t),d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t),d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t) and d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t).
7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation formula for merging the multiple tilt angle filtered data volumes with different tilt angles is as follows: g(x,y,t)=log 10 |hilbert(d 45,50,55,60 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 50,55,60,65 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 55,60,65,70 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hibert(d 60,65,70,75 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hilbert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))|+log 10 |hibert(d 65,70,75,80 (x,y,t))| Where hilbert() is the Hilbert transform operator, v threshold To set a threshold value; The merged data volume is obtained and processed according to preset rules. The calculation rules for the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identification volume are as follows: Where m(x,y,t) is the beaded seismic reflection identifier of carbonate rocks, v threshold To set a threshold value.
8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The set threshold value v threshold The calculation formula is: v threshold =log 10 max(|d(x,y,t)|)-4 Here, max() is the maximum value operator.
9. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first three-dimensional seismic data volume is enhanced with carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection features using a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier. The calculation formula for the carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature enhancement is as follows: re(x,y,t)=(v scale ·m(x,y,t)+1)d(x,y,t) Among them, v scale To enhance the multiplier.
10. A device for enhancing the seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks in a beaded pattern, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module acquires a first three-dimensional seismic data volume and performs frequency-wavenumber domain transformation on the acquired first three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain a second three-dimensional seismic data volume. Data preprocessing module: In the frequency wavenumber domain, the second three-dimensional seismic data volume is subjected to dip angle filtering to obtain multiple dip angle filtered data volumes with different dip angles; The data merging module merges the multiple tilt-filtered data volumes with different tilt angles to obtain a carbonate rock bead-like seismic reflection identification volume. The enhancement module uses a carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection identifier to enhance the original seismic data, resulting in an enhanced carbonate rock beaded seismic reflection feature.
11. A computing device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks as described in any one of claims 1-9.
12. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by the processor, the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks as described in any one of claims 1-9 can be implemented.
13. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for enhancing the beaded seismic reflection characteristics of carbonate rocks as described in any one of 1-9.