Seismic wave field analysis method and system for relief topography mine

Abstract

The application provides a method and system for analyzing seismic wave field of a relief topography mining area, the method comprising: constructing a composite geological model comprising a ore body, surrounding rock and alteration zone; constructing a physical space model of the relief topography mining area, establishing a mapping relationship in a curvilinear coordinate system; constructing a composite medium system of the ore body-alteration zone, matching corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions in the composite medium system; constructing a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation about scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system, discretely processing spatial derivatives and time derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation, and generating a three-dimensional anisotropic simulation wave field; loading a preset source type, main frequency and incident direction of the source into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field, performing numerical solution of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulation wave field with time advancing, and outputting seismic characteristics of the ore body. The problem of how to describe scattering characteristics of the ore body and anisotropic propagation characteristics under complex relief topography conditions is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geological analysis technology, and in particular to a method and system for seismic wave field analysis in mining areas with undulating terrain. Background Technology

[0002] In seismic exploration of metallic minerals, there are usually significant differences in elastic parameters between the ore body and the surrounding rock. Ore bodies often have high wave velocities, high densities, and complex geometries, while they are often accompanied by low-velocity alteration zones, fracture zones, and complex tectonic environments. Because metallic ore bodies are usually small in scale and have complex boundary morphologies, incident seismic waves are prone to significant scattering, conversion, and multipath propagation phenomena when they propagate to the ore body area.

[0003] Furthermore, the surface of metal mining areas typically exhibits dramatically undulating topography, complex shallow structures, and is influenced by tectonic stress, fracture development, and sedimentation, resulting in generally heterogeneous and anisotropic subsurface media. The combined effect of these factors makes the seismic wave field in metal mining areas more complex than that of traditional layered sedimentary media.

[0004] Most existing numerical simulation methods for seismic waves are designed for regular layered media or general complex media, making it difficult to simultaneously account for undulating terrain, anisotropic backgrounds, and strong scattering effects from ore bodies. Therefore, they struggle to accurately characterize the seismic wave response features induced by metallic ore bodies. Furthermore, existing numerical simulation methods primarily focus on layered sedimentary media or general complex media in oil and gas exploration. These studies typically involve relatively continuous layered structures and stable reflection interfaces, while metallic ore bodies are usually small-scale, irregularly shaped, and often accompanied by alteration zones, fracture zones, and complex tectonic backgrounds. Compared to traditional oil and gas reservoirs, metallic ore bodies are more prone to localized strong scattering, wave mode conversion, and multipath propagation phenomena, placing higher demands on model spatial resolution, complex boundary handling capabilities, and anisotropic description capabilities. Therefore, existing numerical simulation techniques are not entirely applicable to complex metallic ore exploration scenarios and remain insufficient in ore body boundary scattering response, weak anomaly identification, and fine ore body characterization.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a numerical simulation method that is suitable for complex and undulating terrain conditions and can describe the scattering characteristics and anisotropic propagation properties of ore bodies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose a seismic wave field analysis method and system for mining areas with undulating terrain, which solves the problem of how to describe the scattering characteristics and anisotropic propagation properties of ore bodies under complex undulating terrain conditions.

[0007] To achieve one of the aforementioned objectives, this application provides a method for seismic wavefield analysis in mining areas with undulating terrain, the method comprising:

[0008] Construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area; In the composite geological model, a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area is constructed, and a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space is established in the curvilinear coordinate system. In the composite geological model, a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone is constructed to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high-velocity, high-density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low-velocity anomaly region. Based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation for the scattering effect of the ore body is constructed in the curvilinear coordinate system. The spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation are discretized to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field. The preset source type, dominant frequency, and incident direction are loaded into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field. The three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field is numerically solved over time, and the seismic characteristics of the ore body are output.

[0009] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, after generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wavefield, before inputting the preset source type, dominant frequency, and incident direction into the three-dimensional anisotropic wavefield, the method further includes: Introducing a fully matched convolutional layer absorbing boundary condition at the boundary of the computational domain of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, the wave gradually attenuates after entering the boundary.

[0010] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, before generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, the method further includes: The propagation process of scattered waves from the ore body is simulated by using an explicit time-progression method with staggered grids, which allows the velocity and stress components to be updated alternately in time.

[0011] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, before generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, the method further includes: To establish CFL stability conditions for the explicit time-progression process of staggered grids, the stability conditions are expressed as follows: ; ; in, For time steps, The minimum physical grid scale corresponding to the parametric coordinate direction. The maximum permissible wave velocity in the medium. These are constants related to the spatial dimension and the difference scheme. This represents the minimum density of the medium.

[0012] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, the parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area includes the number of reading grids, time step, source parameters, spatial location of the ore body, burial depth of the ore body, morphological parameters of the ore body, scale parameters of the ore body, dip angle parameters of the ore body, mineralization direction parameters, and anisotropy parameters.

[0013] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area is constructed in the composite geological model, and a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computational space is established in the curvilinear coordinate system, including: The mapping relationship is represented as follows: ; ; ; The physical space is (x, y, z), and the rule computation space is (q, r, s). After establishing the mapping relationship between the physical space model and the rule-based computation space, the following is included: According to the chain rule, the first spatial derivative in the coordinate direction in physical space is expressed as: ; ; in, The metric coefficient is introduced by the coordinate transformation.

[0014] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone is constructed in the composite geological model to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions, including: Obtain external files or preset parameters, generate elastic parameters, and use the fourth-order elastic stiffness tensor to describe the anisotropic medium.

[0015] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation concerning the scattering effect of the ore body is constructed in a curvilinear coordinate system, including: The governing equations for a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium using the first-order velocity-stress equations are as follows: ; ; in, For the velocity component of the particle, These are the stress tensor components. For the density of the medium, , Let k and l be the particle velocity components in the k and l directions. For the elastic stiffness tensor components of a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium, , , These represent the spatial coordinate directions; Substituting the first-order velocity-stress control equation into the curvilinear coordinate system, the momentum equation is expressed as: ; The stress equation is expressed as: .

[0016] As a further improvement to one embodiment of this application, the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation are discretized, including: Discretize the spatial derivative according to the following formula: ; in, It is a difference operator; The corresponding velocity update equation after discretization is expressed as: ; The corresponding stress update equation after discretization is expressed as: .

[0017] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a seismic wavefield analysis system for mining areas with undulating terrain, comprising: The first construction module is used to construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area. The second construction module is used to construct a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area in the composite geological model and establish a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space in the curvilinear coordinate system. The third construction module is used to construct a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone in the composite geological model, so as to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match the corresponding anisotropy parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high wave velocity and high density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low velocity anomaly region. The fourth construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation for the scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, and to discretize the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field. The simulation module is used to load the preset source type, dominant frequency and incident direction into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field, perform numerical solution of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field over time, and output the seismic characteristics of the ore body.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, this invention can stably simulate the propagation process of seismic waves under complex undulating terrain, anisotropic background and strong scattering coupling of ore bodies, effectively characterize the scattering, wave mode conversion and energy anomaly features near the boundary of metal ore bodies, and provide a reliable forward modeling basis for seismic imaging, scattering wave interpretation and ore body identification in complex mining areas. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the implementation methods or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only the implementation methods of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a seismic wave field analysis method for a mining area with undulating terrain, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart of a seismic wave field analysis method for a mining area with undulating terrain, provided as another embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a seismic wave field analysis system for a mining area with undulating terrain, provided as another embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided for another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0023] This application provides a method for seismic wavefield analysis in mining areas with undulating terrain, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step S100: Construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; wherein the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area.

[0024] It should be noted that metal mining areas typically include ore bodies, surrounding rocks, alteration zones, and fractured areas, with significant differences in elastic parameters between different regions. Furthermore, the surface of mining areas often exhibits complex undulating morphology; therefore, a parameter system consistent with the characteristics of the actual mining area must be established before numerical simulation. A model of undulating terrain is then created by inputting velocity, density, and anisotropic parameters into the composite geological model.

[0025] Specifically, the parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area includes the number of reading grids, time step, source parameters, spatial location of the ore body, burial depth of the ore body, morphological parameters of the ore body, scale parameters of the ore body, dip angle parameters of the ore body, mineralization direction parameters, and anisotropy parameters.

[0026] Step S200: Construct a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area in the composite geological model, and establish a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space in the curvilinear coordinate system.

[0027] Specifically, by establishing a curve coordinate mapping relationship between physical space and computational space through terrain grid data, the transformation of complex undulating terrain into a regular computational domain can be realized.

[0028] Step S300: Construct a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone in the composite geological model to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high-velocity, high-density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low-velocity anomaly region.

[0029] Specifically, ore bodies can be described using spherical, plate-like, vein-like, or irregular geometric shapes, and their spatial location, size, and dip angle parameters can be input from external model files.

[0030] Step S400: Based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, construct a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation for the scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system, and discretize the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field.

[0031] Specifically, a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation considering the scattering effect of the ore body is established in the curvilinear coordinate system and converted into a first-order velocity-stress form. Based on the equation, the spatial and temporal derivatives are discretized using the metric consistency finite difference method.

[0032] Step S500: The preset source type, dominant frequency and incident direction are loaded into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field. The three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field is numerically solved over time, and the seismic characteristics of the ore body are output.

[0033] Specifically, the seismic source is loaded according to the set source type, dominant frequency and incident direction, and the wave field propagation and ore body scattering response process are simulated. The information transmission interface parallel computing framework is used to realize the numerical solution of the wave field over time. Finally, the wave field snapshot, common shot point record and scattering response data of the ore body's adjacent area are output, and the ore body anomaly characteristics are analyzed.

[0034] In a specific feasible approach, a parallel framework with an information transfer interface is used to decompose the three-dimensional computational domain into regions. Data exchange between sub-regions is accomplished through ghost meshes, thereby improving the computational efficiency of large-scale mining area models.

[0035] In one possible implementation of this application, in step S200, the surface of a real mining area is usually not a regular horizontal plane. Directly processing undulating terrain in a Cartesian coordinate system would complicate the boundary conditions and difference scheme. Through curvilinear coordinate transformation, irregular undulating terrain can be mapped to a regular computational domain, thereby completing numerical calculations on a regular grid while preserving the influence of the real terrain on wavefield propagation. To adapt to complex undulating terrain, this invention introduces a curvilinear coordinate system, and the mapping relationship is expressed as follows: ; ; ; The physical space is (x, y, z), and the rule computation space is (q, r, s).

[0036] Its Jacobian determinant: ; when In this case, the mapping between physical space and computational space is locally invertible, which can guarantee the computational stability after terrain transformation. Curvilinear coordinate transformation is used to describe irregular boundaries and undulating terrain, and the invertibility of coordinate transformation is guaranteed by the Jacobian determinant.

[0037] After establishing the mapping relationship in step S200, the following steps are also included: According to the chain rule, the first spatial derivative in the coordinate direction in physical space is expressed as: ; The Einstein summation convention is adopted: ; in, The metric coefficients introduced by the coordinate transformation are determined by the partial derivatives of the mapping function.

[0038] In one possible implementation of this application, in step S300, an external file or preset parameters are obtained, elastic parameters are generated, and the anisotropic medium is described using a fourth-order elastic stiffness tensor.

[0039] It should be noted that metallic ore bodies typically exhibit high wave velocity and high density anomalies, often accompanied by low-velocity alteration zones and fractured areas. A significant difference in elastic parameters exists between the ore body and the surrounding rock, making it prone to strong scattering, wave mode conversion, and localized energy focusing during seismic wave propagation.

[0040] Therefore, this method uses a composite structure of ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone to establish an underground model. Since actual metal deposits are usually not a single ore body, but rather develop together with alteration zones and fracture zones, a composite anomaly system of ore body and alteration zone is further constructed. By setting differentiated medium parameters, the model's ability to express the scattering characteristics of the ore body is enhanced.

[0041] Specifically, the elastic stiffness tensor and density parameters of the underground medium are read. The background surrounding rock is modeled as layered or non-uniform; the ore body is defined as a high-velocity, high-density anomaly; the alteration zone is defined as a low-velocity anomaly region and is assigned different anisotropic parameters.

[0042] Anisotropic media are described using a fourth-order elastic stiffness tensor: ; Model parameters can be either uniform parameters or input from external files.

[0043] In one possible implementation of this application, due to the strong impedance difference between the metallic ore body and the surrounding rock, the incident wave, upon propagating to the ore body boundary, will generate scattered waves, converted waves, and local energy focusing phenomena in addition to conventional reflection. Therefore, a three-dimensional anisotropic velocity-stress equation capable of describing the strong discontinuity effect at the ore body boundary is required. Step S400 includes: Step S410, in the Cartesian coordinate system In this paper, the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium is expressed using the first-order velocity-stress governing equation as follows: ; ; in, For the velocity component of the particle, These are the stress tensor components. For the density of the medium, , Let k and l be the particle velocity components in the k and l directions. For the elastic stiffness tensor components of a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium, , , These represent the spatial coordinate directions.

[0044] The fourth-order anisotropic elastic stiffness tensor satisfies the symmetry condition: .

[0045] Substituting the first-order velocity-stress governing equations into the curvilinear coordinate system, i.e., substituting the chain rule, the momentum equation becomes: ; The stress equation is expressed as: .

[0046] In one possible implementation of this application, step S400 involves discretizing the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation, including: Step S420: Discretize the spatial derivative according to the following formula: ; in, It is a difference operator; The difference operator is introduced based on the following formula: ; in, The coordinates are calculated in the curvilinear coordinate system, and represent the three coordinate directions in the curvilinear coordinate system.

[0047] The corresponding velocity update equation after discretization is expressed as: ; The corresponding stress update equation after discretization is expressed as: .

[0048] In one possible implementation of this application, step S400 includes: Step S401: The propagation process of scattered waves from the ore body is simulated by using an explicit time-progression method with staggered grids, so that the velocity components and stress components are updated alternately in time.

[0049] The velocity and stress components are updated alternately in time, which can be written as follows: ; ; in, , For the i-th direction velocity component in adjacent integer time layers, For time steps, , Stress tensor components on adjacent half-time layers, , , These are the spatial derivative transformation coefficients corresponding to the curve coordinate transformation.

[0050] In one possible implementation of this application, step S400 further includes: Step S402: Set stability conditions for the explicit time-progression process of the staggered grid. The stability conditions are expressed as follows: ; ; in, For time steps, The minimum physical grid scale corresponding to the parametric coordinate direction. The maximum permissible wave velocity in the medium. These are constants related to the spatial dimension and the difference scheme. This represents the minimum density of the medium.

[0051] In one possible implementation of this application, after step S400, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes: Step S4001: Introduce a convolutionally perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition at the boundary of the computational region of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, so that the wave gradually attenuates after entering the boundary.

[0052] A convolutionally perfectly matched layer (CPML) is introduced at the boundary of the computational region to absorb boundary conditions and reduce artificial boundary reflection errors. The CPML parameters are adaptively set according to the model's maximum wave velocity, dominant frequency, and computational region size to ensure absorption effect and computational stability.

[0053] Finite computational domains truncate real infinite media, and without addressing the boundaries, waves will undergo non-physical reflection upon reaching them. CPML addresses this by constructing an absorbing layer that matches the impedance of the internal region, causing waves to be gradually attenuated upon entering the boundaries.

[0054] A fully matched convolutional layer, known as a CPML absorbing boundary, is placed at the boundary of the computational domain. CPML reduces artificial boundary reflection by introducing damping functions, stretching coefficients, and frequency shift parameters in the boundary region, causing the wave energy entering the boundary layer to gradually attenuate.

[0055] In the frequency domain, the spatial derivative can be expressed as: ; in, For complex frequency stretching functions, Let be the damping function. The elongation factor is 1. For frequency shift parameters, ω is the angular frequency. The above parameters only take non-zero values ​​within the absorption layer. In the time-domain implementation, to avoid convolution operations, a memory variable is introduced to provide an equivalent representation of the derivative operator.

[0056] In one possible implementation of this application, in step S500, a vibration source for ore body excitation is first set up. Different incident directions, dominant frequencies, and wave types will affect the ore body's scattering response characteristics. To enhance the excitation capability of ore body anomalous bodies, this invention studies the ore body scattering response law under different conditions by setting the vibration source direction, frequency, and vibration source type. In specific implementations, the sensitivity of the ore body's scattering response under different excitation conditions can be analyzed by changing parameters such as the incident angle, dominant frequency, excitation direction, and wave type.

[0057] Furthermore, parallel computing using the information transfer interface is employed to advance the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field. The simulation of the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field involves a large amount of computation and high memory requirements. Parallel computing through the information transfer interface can decompose the computational region into multiple processes, thereby improving computational efficiency and supporting larger-scale models.

[0058] The three-dimensional computational domain is divided into several sub-regions according to spatial direction and assigned to different computational processes. Each process calculates the velocity and stress fields within its local sub-region and transmits wave field information between adjacent sub-regions through ghost meshes or boundary exchange.

[0059] The program description explicitly includes an information transmission interface and a parallel computing framework, and sets up Comm_nodes.f90 for ghost point communication between computing blocks, Exchange_par.f90 for parameter broadcasting, and Bcast_coor.f90 for coordinate information broadcasting.

[0060] Finally, the scattered wavefield response of the ore body is output and anomalous features are extracted. Compared with the background reflected wave, the scattered wave of the ore body usually exhibits weaker amplitude, more complex propagation path, and local energy concentration characteristics. The anomalous locations usually correspond to the ore body boundary and alteration region. The output results include: wavefield snapshot; common shot point record; ore body local window record; ore body neighborhood scattered energy distribution; ore body scattered amplitude characteristics. Further ore body scattering anomalous features are extracted, including arrival time anomalies, energy anomalies, wave type conversion, scattered energy focusing, which are used for ore body identification and anomalous body boundary characterization.

[0061] This application proposes a numerical simulation method based on three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equations. First, a composite geological model incorporating the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone is constructed, and a curvilinear coordinate mapping relationship is established between the physical space and the regular computational space under undulating terrain conditions. Then, a set of first-order velocity-stress equations for three-dimensional anisotropic elastic waves is established in the curvilinear coordinate system and solved discretly using the metric-consistent finite difference method. Simultaneously, a convolutionally perfectly matched layer (CPML) absorbing boundary condition is introduced to suppress boundary reflection. Furthermore, by combining different source excitation methods, the propagation process of scattered waves from the metallic ore body and its adjacent areas under complex background conditions is simulated. Finally, wavefield snapshots, common shot point records, and ore body scattering response characteristic data are output. This method can stably simulate the seismic wave propagation process under complex undulating terrain, anisotropic background, and strong scattering coupling conditions of the ore body, effectively characterizing the scattering, wave mode conversion, and energy anomaly characteristics near the boundary of the metallic ore body, providing a reliable forward modeling basis for seismic imaging, scattered wave interpretation, and ore body identification in complex mining areas.

[0062] Another embodiment of this application discloses a seismic wavefield analysis system for mining areas with undulating terrain, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes: The first construction module is used to construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area. The second construction module is used to construct a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area in the composite geological model and to establish a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space in the curvilinear coordinate system. The third construction module is used to construct a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone in the composite geological model, so as to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match the corresponding anisotropy parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high wave velocity and high density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low velocity anomaly region. The fourth construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation for the scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, and to discretize the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field. The simulation module is used to load the preset source type, dominant frequency and incident direction into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field, perform numerical solution of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field over time, and output the seismic characteristics of the ore body.

[0063] Figure 4This diagram illustrates a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment. The device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are interconnected internally via the bus 1050.

[0064] The processor 1010 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0065] The memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store the operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1020 and is called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0066] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect input / output modules to realize information input and output. The input / output modules can be configured as components in the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. Input devices may include keyboards, mice, touch screens, microphones, various sensors, etc., and output devices may include displays, speakers, vibrators, indicator lights, etc.

[0067] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect the communication module (not shown in the figure) to enable communication between this device and other devices. The communication module can communicate via wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, radio (shortwave / ultra-shortwave) communication, satellite communication, data link communication, etc.).

[0068] Bus 1050 includes pathways for transmitting information between various components of the device, such as processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040.

[0069] It should be noted that although the above-described device only shows the processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, communication interface 1040, and bus 1050, in specific implementations, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described device may only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments described in this specification, and need not include all the components shown in the figures.

[0070] The electronic device described above is used to implement the seismic wave field analysis method for the corresponding undulating terrain mining area in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method implementation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-described embodiments, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the seismic wave field analysis method for undulating terrain mining areas as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0072] The computer-readable medium in this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0073] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiments are used to cause the computer to execute the seismic wave field analysis method for undulating terrain mining areas as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method implementations, which will not be repeated here.

[0074] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; this manner of description is merely for clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. Within the framework of this application, the above embodiments or the technical features of different embodiments can also be appropriately combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0075] Additionally, to simplify the description and discussion, and to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, the well-known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. Furthermore, the apparatus may be shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram apparatuses are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of this application will be implemented (i.e., these details should be entirely within the understanding of those skilled in the art). While specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of this application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of this application can be implemented without these specific details or with variations thereof. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0076] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

[0077] The embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and principles of the embodiments described herein should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for seismic wavefield analysis in mining areas with undulating terrain, characterized in that, The method includes: Construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; wherein the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area; In the composite geological model, a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area is constructed, and a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space is established in the curvilinear coordinate system. In the composite geological model, a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone is constructed to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high-velocity, high-density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low-velocity anomaly region. Based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation concerning the scattering effect of the ore body is constructed in the curvilinear coordinate system. The spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation are discretized to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field. The preset source type, dominant frequency, and incident direction are loaded into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field. The three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field is numerically solved over time to output the seismic characteristics of the ore body.

2. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, After generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wavefield, and before inputting the preset source type, dominant frequency, and incident direction into the three-dimensional anisotropic wavefield, the method further includes: A convolutionally perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition is introduced at the boundary of the computational region of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, so that the wave gradually attenuates after entering the boundary.

3. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, the method further includes: The propagation process of scattered waves from the ore body is simulated by using an explicit time-progression method with staggered grids, which allows the velocity and stress components to be updated alternately in time.

4. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before generating the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field, the method further includes: To establish CFL stability conditions for the explicit time-progression process of staggered grids, the stability conditions are expressed as follows: ； ； in, For time steps, The minimum physical grid scale corresponding to the parametric coordinate direction. The maximum permissible wave velocity in the medium. These are constants related to the spatial dimension and the difference scheme. This represents the minimum density of the medium.

5. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area includes the number of reading grids, time step, source parameters, spatial location of the ore body, burial depth of the ore body, morphological parameters of the ore body, scale parameters of the ore body, dip angle parameters of the ore body, mineralization direction parameters, and anisotropy parameters.

6. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a physical spatial model of the undulating terrain mining area within the composite geological model, and the establishment of a mapping relationship between the physical spatial model and the regular computational space in a curvilinear coordinate system, includes: The mapping relationship is expressed as follows: ； ； ； The physical space is (x, y, z), and the rule computation space is (q, r, s). After establishing the mapping relationship between the physical space model and the rule computation space, the following steps are included: According to the chain rule, the first spatial derivative in the coordinate direction of the physical space is expressed as: ； ； in, The metric coefficient is introduced by the coordinate transformation.

7. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone in the composite geological model, to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions, includes: Obtain external files or preset parameters, generate elastic parameters, and use the fourth-order elastic stiffness tensor to describe the anisotropic medium.

8. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation concerning the scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system, based on the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, includes: The three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium is expressed using the first-order velocity-stress governing equation as follows: ； ； in, For the velocity component of the particle, These are the stress tensor components. For the density of the medium, , Let k and l be the particle velocity components in the k and l directions. For the elastic stiffness tensor components of a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic medium, , , These represent the spatial coordinate directions; Substituting the first-order velocity-stress control equation into the curvilinear coordinate system, the momentum equation is expressed as: ； The stress equation is expressed as: 。 9. The seismic wavefield analysis method for mining areas with undulating terrain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discretization of the spatial and temporal derivatives of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation includes: The spatial derivative is discretized according to the following formula: ； in, It is a difference operator; The corresponding velocity update equation after discretization is expressed as: ； The corresponding stress update equation after discretization is expressed as: 。 10. A seismic wavefield analysis system for mining areas with undulating terrain, characterized in that, The system includes: The first construction module is used to construct a composite geological model that includes the ore body, surrounding rock, and alteration zone; wherein, the composite geological model includes a parameter system that conforms to the characteristics of the actual mining area; The second construction module is used to construct a physical space model of the undulating terrain mining area in the composite geological model, and to establish a mapping relationship between the physical space model and the regular computation space in the curvilinear coordinate system. The third construction module is used to construct a composite medium system of ore body-alteration zone in the composite geological model, so as to divide different medium regions in the composite geological model and match corresponding anisotropic parameters for different medium regions; wherein, in the composite medium system, the actual ore body corresponds to a high wave velocity and high density anomaly, and the actual alteration zone corresponds to a low velocity anomaly region. The fourth construction module is used to construct a three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation about the scattering effect of the ore body in the curvilinear coordinate system according to the mapping relationship and the composite medium system, and to discretize the spatial derivative and time derivative of the three-dimensional anisotropic elastic wave equation to generate a three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field. The simulation module is used to load the preset source type, dominant frequency and incident direction into the three-dimensional anisotropic wave field, perform numerical solution of the three-dimensional anisotropic simulated wave field over time, and output the seismic characteristics of the ore body.

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