Energy collection active reset control method and control device of three-dimensional composite isolation bearing

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bridge seismic isolation and provides a kind of energy collection active reset control method and control device of three-dimensional composite seismic isolation support, which realizes self-sufficiency of electric energy required for post-earthquake reset by converting the vibration kinetic energy of the support into electric energy and storing it in the energy storage module during the seismic vibration stage, and does not rely on external power supply, effectively solving the problem that the system cannot complete state detection and active reset when the external power supply is interrupted after the earthquake. The step-by-step control strategy of "first judging vibration attenuation, then detecting residual displacement, and then selectively driving SMA wire branch" concentrates the limited energy storage electric energy in the stage that really needs reset, improving the electric energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, according to the direction of residual displacement, selectively drive the SMA wire branch that can generate reverse restoring force, rather than driving all branches at the same time, realizing directional and accurate active reset, further saving driving electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge seismic isolation technology, specifically relating to an energy-collecting active reset control method and control device for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Existing seismic isolation bearings typically rely primarily on laminated rubber bearings for horizontal isolation, or on disc springs and sliding members for partial vertical isolation. While these bearings can reduce the transmission of some seismic energy to the upper structure during an earthquake, they are prone to significant residual displacement after strong earthquakes or multiple aftershocks. For engineering structures such as bridges, high-rise buildings, and equipment foundations, large residual displacements may affect the continued use of the structure, increase maintenance difficulty, and even reduce the safety margin for subsequent aftershocks.

[0003] Existing methods for controlling the reset of seismic isolation bearings with large residual displacements typically rely on shape memory alloys (SMA). Due to their hyperelasticity and shape memory effect, SMA strands can act as passive recovery components at room temperature, providing restoring force when the bearing experiences horizontal shear displacement. When heated above the austenitic phase transformation temperature, SMA strands can generate significant shrinkage recovery force, thus enabling active centering and reset. Furthermore, the control method requires the continuous operation of multiple sensors to detect various parameters of the seismic isolation bearing, using this information to control the heating assembly to heat the SMA strands.

[0004] Therefore, existing seismic isolation systems with monitoring or active control functions often rely on external power sources. When the external power supply is interrupted after an earthquake, the system may be unable to continuously complete status detection, reset judgment, and active drive operations, thereby affecting the post-earthquake recovery capability of the seismic isolation bearings and the continued safety of the engineering structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an energy-collecting active reset control method and control device for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy-collecting active reset control method for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, comprising the following steps: Under static load conditions, the displacement detection module is in a power-off or low-power state. When vibration occurs, the kinetic energy of the support is converted into electrical energy by the energy harvesting module and stored in the energy storage module; The degree of vibration of the support is determined based on the output parameters of the energy harvesting module. Once the vibration has decayed to a preset level, the displacement detection module is activated to detect whether the residual displacement of the support exceeds a preset range. When the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range, at least one SMA stranded wire branch that generates a restoring force opposite to the residual displacement direction is selected according to the residual displacement direction detected by the displacement detection module, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch for active reset. When the displacement detection module detects that the residual displacement has decreased to the preset range, it controls the drive module to stop outputting drive current.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the active reset control method for energy collection of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, the energy harvesting module includes a piezoelectric energy harvesting module and a horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module. The piezoelectric energy harvesting module is used to harvest vertical vibration energy, and the horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module is used to harvest horizontal shear motion energy and control the displacement detection module to be in a power-off or low-power state.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, the energy storage module is a battery, a supercapacitor, or a combination of a battery and a supercapacitor.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the active reset control method for energy collection of three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided by the present invention, the output parameters of the energy collection module include at least one of output current, output voltage, and output power; Determining whether vibration has attenuated to a preset level includes: When the output current, output voltage, or output power of the energy acquisition module is less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the vibration of the support has attenuated to the preset level.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, when the displacement detection module detects that the residual displacement of the bearing does not exceed the preset range, the displacement detection module is controlled to be in a power-off or low-power state. The low power consumption state is one of the following states: low power standby, intermittent sampling, or on-demand wake-up.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, at least four SMA stranded wire branches are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the bearing.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, during the process of outputting the drive current to the SMA stranded wire branch, the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch is monitored by a temperature detection module. The temperature detection module is activated only after the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range; When the displacement detection module detects that the residual displacement has decreased to the preset range, it controls the temperature detection module to be in a power-off state.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy-collecting active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, one of the following operations is performed based on the temperature fed back by the temperature detection module: When the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch does not reach the target temperature, the drive current is maintained or increased. When the difference between the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch and the preset upper limit is less than the preset value, the magnitude of the driving current or the pulse duty cycle of the driving current is reduced. When the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch reaches or exceeds the preset upper limit, the output of the drive current is stopped. Once the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch drops back to a safe range, the drive current is output again.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided by the present invention, when the vibration level of the bearing is detected to be greater than the preset level during the output of the driving current, the output of the driving current is stopped. Once it is determined that the vibration has attenuated to a preset level, the residual displacement of the support is checked again to see if it exceeds the preset range. When the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range, at least one of the SMA stranded wire branches that generates a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement is reselected, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an active energy collection and reset control device for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that it includes a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the aforementioned active energy collection and reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the energy-collecting active reset control method and control device for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the energy-collecting active reset control method and control device for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided by the present invention converts the vibration kinetic energy of the bearing into electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage module by utilizing the energy harvesting module during the seismic vibration stage, thereby achieving self-sufficiency of the electrical energy required for post-earthquake reset, without relying on external power supply, and effectively solving the problem that the system cannot complete state detection and active reset when the external power supply is interrupted after the earthquake.

[0017] During the vibration phase, the displacement detection module is kept in a power-off or low-power state to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the output parameters of the energy acquisition module are directly used to determine the vibration level of the support. This realizes that the energy acquisition module has the dual functions of energy acquisition and vibration sensing, which simplifies the system structure and further saves energy consumption.

[0018] By employing a step-by-step control strategy of "first determining vibration attenuation, then detecting residual displacement, and finally selectively driving the SMA stranded wire branch," limited stored energy is concentrated for use in the stage where reset is truly needed, thus improving energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, by selectively driving the SMA stranded wire branch capable of generating reverse restoring force based on the direction of residual displacement, rather than driving all branches simultaneously, directional and precise active reset is achieved, further conserving drive energy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 11. First connecting plate; 12. Second connecting plate; 13. Intermediate connecting plate; 21. Vertical seismic isolation assembly; 22. Horizontal vibration isolation components; 31. Piezoelectric energy harvesting module; 32. Horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module; 41. SMA stranded wire branch; 42. Fixing ring; 50. Electrical control box; 60. Displacement detection module; 70. Temperature detection module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually illustrative only and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0023] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0025] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] The present invention will now describe the energy collection active reset control method and control device for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing includes at least a first connecting plate 11, a second connecting plate 12, an intermediate connecting plate 13, multiple vertical seismic isolation components 21 and multiple piezoelectric energy harvesting modules 31 disposed between the first connecting plate 11 and the intermediate connecting plate 13, multiple horizontal seismic isolation components 22 and multiple horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting modules 32 disposed between the intermediate connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 12, multiple SMA stranded wire branches 41 evenly disposed around the bearing between the intermediate connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 12, an electrical control box 50, a displacement detection module 60 and a temperature detection module 70, wherein the electrical control box 50 integrates a control device, an energy storage module and a drive module.

[0029] The first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 are respectively connected to the bridge pier and the bridge or other two components that require seismic isolation.

[0030] The piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 is used to generate electrical energy when the distance between the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 changes due to vibration. The energy is then transmitted to the energy storage module for storage via a rectifier module through a wire.

[0031] The fixed part of the horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32 is connected to the second connecting plate 12, and its movable part is connected to the first connecting plate 11. When the first connecting plate 11 and the second connecting plate 12 are horizontally displaced, the movable part moves relative to the fixed part, thereby generating electrical energy, which is transmitted to the energy storage module for storage through the rectifier module via the wire.

[0032] There are 8 SMA stranded wire branches 41, which are arranged at equal angles around the support. The two ends of the SMA stranded wire branches 41 are spaced apart and fixedly connected to the middle connecting plate 13, and the middle part passes through the fixing ring 42 on the first connecting plate 11.

[0033] The displacement detection module 60 is electrically connected to the control device and is used to transmit signals to the control device. The displacement monitoring component is preferably a reference target type residual displacement threshold detection component, including a photoelectric detector fixed on the intermediate connecting plate 13 or its lower surface mounting base, and a reference target fixed at the corresponding position on the second connecting plate 12.

[0034] Initially, the reference target is located directly below the photodetector and within its effective detection area. When the horizontal relative displacement between the intermediate connecting plate 13 and the second connecting plate 12 is within a set range, the photodetector can detect the reference target; when the horizontal relative displacement between the intermediate force transmission plate and the second connecting plate 12 exceeds the set range (i.e., the preset range), the reference target can leave the effective detection area of ​​the photodetector.

[0035] The temperature detection module 70 is a temperature sensor used to detect the temperature of the SMA stranded wire and is electrically connected to the control device in the electrical control box 50. The temperature detection module 70 is located in one of the following positions: 1. Outer surface of the middle part of the SMA stranded wire; 2. The outer surface of the SMA stranded wire is close to the anchoring end; 3. Near a representative strand in a multi-strand SMA stranded sub-bundle.

[0036] It should be noted that this embodiment only provides a possible structure for a seismic isolation bearing and is not intended to limit the method.

[0037] The energy-collecting active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing includes the following steps: Under static load conditions, the displacement detection module 60 is in a power-off or low-power state. When vibration occurs, the kinetic energy of the support is converted into electrical energy by the energy harvesting module and stored in the energy storage module; the displacement detection module 60 is kept in a power-off or low-power state. The degree of vibration of the support is determined based on the output parameters of the energy harvesting module; Once the vibration has decayed to a preset level, the displacement detection module 60 is activated to detect whether the residual displacement of the support exceeds the preset range. When the residual displacement exceeds the preset range, according to the direction of the residual displacement detected by the displacement detection module 60, at least one SMA stranded wire branch 41 that generates a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement is selected, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch 41 for active reset. When the displacement detection module 60 detects that the residual displacement has decreased to a preset range, it controls the drive module to stop outputting the drive current and controls the displacement detection module 60 to be in a power-off or low-power state.

[0038] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the control method is applied to the post-earthquake active reset scenario of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing. This bearing is installed between the foundation and superstructure of engineering structures such as bridges to isolate the transmission of seismic motion to the superstructure and achieve automatic reset after an earthquake. The specific steps of this control method are described below: During the vibration, i.e., the seismic motion, the seismic isolation bearings undergo horizontal shear displacement and vertical vibration under seismic excitation. The energy harvesting module utilizes the mechanical motion of the bearings during vibration to convert the kinetic energy of the bearings into electrical energy and store it in the energy storage module. The electrical energy stored in the energy storage module will serve as the power source for subsequent displacement detection and active reset drive.

[0039] When vibration occurs, the displacement detection module 60 is controlled to be in a power-off state or a low-power state (such as low-power standby, intermittent sampling, or on-demand wake-up state), and does not perform normal displacement detection during the vibration phase in order to save power.

[0040] It should be noted that the design logic for keeping the displacement detection module 60 in a power-off or low-power state during the vibration phase is as follows: during the continuous action of the earthquake, the displacement of the support is in a state of violent dynamic change. The displacement data at this stage does not reflect the true residual displacement state. Continuous displacement detection is neither necessary nor meaningful, and will only waste the limited electrical energy in the energy storage module.

[0041] In addition, displacement detection is not required under normal static load conditions, so the displacement detection module 60 is also controlled to be in a power-off state or a low power consumption state.

[0042] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the method for determining the degree of support vibration is not based on additional acceleration or vibration sensors, or by activating the displacement detection module 60 for detection, but rather indirectly based on the output parameters of the energy acquisition module. When the support vibrates, the energy acquisition module converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and its output current, output voltage, or output power are directly related to the vibration amplitude and frequency of the support: when the vibration is severe, the output parameter values ​​of the energy acquisition module are larger; as the vibration gradually decreases, the output parameter values ​​of the energy acquisition module decrease accordingly.

[0043] Therefore, by monitoring the changing trend of the output parameters of the energy harvesting module, it can be determined whether the vibration level of the support has attenuated to the preset level. This design eliminates the need for a dedicated vibration sensor, simplifies the system structure, and eliminates the need to activate the displacement detection module 60, further saving energy. At the same time, the energy harvesting module performs both energy harvesting and vibration level judgment during the vibration phase, achieving multi-functional reuse of a single module.

[0044] When the output parameters of the energy acquisition module drop below a preset threshold and the vibration of the support has attenuated to a preset level (i.e., the earthquake has basically ended or subsided), the control device activates the displacement detection module 60 to detect the current displacement state of the support. After the earthquake ends, the support may retain a certain horizontal displacement, i.e., residual displacement. The displacement detection module 60 detects the magnitude and direction of this residual displacement and determines whether it exceeds a preset range. If the residual displacement does not exceed the preset range, it indicates that the support's offset is within an acceptable range, and no active reset is required. The control device restores the displacement detection module 60 to a power-off or low-power state and enters standby monitoring. If the residual displacement exceeds the preset range, an active reset is required.

[0045] When the residual displacement exceeds the preset range, the control device selects an SMA stranded wire branch 41 that can generate a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement from multiple SMA stranded wire branches 41 that are evenly arranged circumferentially on the support, based on the direction of the residual displacement detected by the displacement detection module 60.

[0046] SMA stranded wire (shape memory alloy stranded wire) has a shape memory effect, generating a significant shrinkage recovery force when heated above the austenitic phase transformation temperature. The control device controls the drive module to draw electrical energy from the energy storage module to output drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch 41. When the current passes through the SMA stranded wire, the temperature of the SMA stranded wire rises due to the resistive heating effect. When the temperature reaches the austenitic phase transformation temperature, the SMA stranded wire generates a shrinkage recovery force, pulling the support to move in the opposite direction of the residual displacement, thus achieving active reset.

[0047] The drive module is a circuit or power output unit in this solution that connects the control device, the energy storage module, and the SMA stranded wire branch 41, and outputs drive current to the target SMA stranded wire branch 41 according to the instructions of the control device. Its core function is to draw power from the energy storage module according to the instructions of the control device and output a controllable drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch 41, utilizing the resistance heating effect (Joule heating) generated when current flows through the SMA stranded wire to raise the temperature of the SMA stranded wire. The drive module can drive the SMA stranded wire branch 41 using continuous power supply, pulse power supply, segmented power supply, or duty cycle adjustment. Duty cycle adjustment refers to the control method of adjusting the ratio of the on-time to the off-time during pulse drive.

[0048] During the reset process, the displacement detection module 60 continuously monitors the displacement status of the support. When the displacement detection module 60 detects that the residual displacement has decreased to a preset range, the control device controls the drive module to stop outputting drive current, and the SMA stranded wire gradually cools down due to the cessation of heating, thus ending the reset process. Afterward, the displacement detection module 60 can return to a power-off or low-power state and enter the next round of standby monitoring.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the energy collection and active reset control method for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided in this embodiment of the invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, by using the energy collection module to convert the vibration kinetic energy of the bearing into electrical energy and storing it in the energy storage module during the seismic vibration stage, the self-sufficiency of the electrical energy required for post-earthquake reset is achieved, without relying on external power supply, effectively solving the problem that the system cannot complete state detection and active reset when the external power supply is interrupted after the earthquake.

[0050] During the vibration phase, the displacement detection module 60 is controlled to be in a power-off or low-power state to avoid unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the output parameters of the energy acquisition module are directly used to determine the vibration level of the support. This realizes that the energy acquisition module has the dual functions of energy acquisition and vibration sensing, which simplifies the system structure and further saves energy consumption.

[0051] By adopting a step-by-step control strategy of "first determining vibration attenuation, then detecting residual displacement, and then selectively driving the SMA stranded wire branch 41," the limited stored energy is concentrated for use in the stage where reset is truly needed, thus improving energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, by selectively driving the SMA stranded wire branch 41, which generates a reverse restoring force, based on the direction of residual displacement, rather than driving all branches simultaneously, directional and precise active reset is achieved, further conserving driving energy.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in this invention, the energy collection module includes a piezoelectric energy collection module 31 and a horizontal electromagnetic energy collection module 32. The piezoelectric energy collection module 31 is used to collect vertical vibration energy, and the horizontal electromagnetic energy collection module 32 is used to collect horizontal shear motion energy.

[0053] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the energy harvesting module consists of two parts: a piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 and a horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32, which correspond to the energy harvesting of the support in the two main directions of motion under seismic action.

[0054] The piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 utilizes the piezoelectric effect to convert the mechanical strain energy generated by the support during vertical vibration into electrical energy. When a piezoelectric material is subjected to vertical pressure or tension, it generates an electric charge, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. The vertical component of the earthquake causes the support to vibrate up and down, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 continuously harvests the vertical vibration energy during this process.

[0055] The horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32 utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to convert the kinetic energy generated by the support during horizontal shearing motion into electrical energy. The horizontal component of the earthquake causes the support to produce a horizontal shear displacement. The coil in the horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32 moves relative to the magnetic field, generating an induced electromotive force, thus realizing the conversion of horizontal kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0056] The piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 and the horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32 respectively harvest energy from the support in the vertical and horizontal directions under three-dimensional seismic action, so that the vibration energy in both directions can be effectively collected and utilized, thereby increasing the total energy harvested by the energy harvesting module throughout the entire seismic process.

[0057] In this embodiment, the energy harvesting module employs a combination of a piezoelectric energy harvesting module 31 and a horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module 32. These modules respectively harvest energy from the vertical vibration and horizontal shear motion of the support, covering the two main directions of movement of the support under seismic action. Compared to schemes that only harvest energy in a single direction, this combined scheme can more fully utilize the mechanical energy input to the support by seismic motion, increasing the total harvested energy and the electrical energy reserve of the energy storage module. This provides a more ample power guarantee for subsequent displacement detection and active reset drive, enhancing the reliability and continuous operation capability of post-earthquake active reset.

[0058] In one specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided in this invention, the energy storage module is a battery, a supercapacitor, or a combination of a battery and a supercapacitor.

[0059] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the type of energy storage module can be selected from batteries, supercapacitors, or a combination of batteries and supercapacitors according to actual application requirements. Batteries (such as lithium-ion batteries) have the characteristics of high energy density, making them suitable for long-term storage of large amounts of electrical energy; supercapacitors have the characteristics of high power density, fast charging and discharging speed, and long cycle life, making them suitable for quickly absorbing the instantaneous pulse electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting module during vibration. When a combination of batteries and supercapacitors is used, the supercapacitor acts as a front-end buffer energy storage, quickly absorbing the pulse electrical energy output by the energy harvesting module, and then smoothly transferring the electrical energy to the battery for long-term storage through the management circuit, thus taking into account the advantages of fast response and large-capacity storage.

[0060] In this embodiment, a variety of energy storage module selection options are provided. The battery option is suitable for application scenarios with high storage capacity requirements, the supercapacitor option is suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for charging and discharging speed and cycle life, and the combination of battery and supercapacitor has the dual advantages of fast response and large capacity storage, which can adapt to the differentiated energy storage performance requirements of different engineering scenarios and improve the applicability and flexibility of the control method.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the active reset control method for energy collection of three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings provided in this invention, the output parameters of the energy collection module include at least one of output current, output voltage and output power. Determining whether vibration has attenuated to a preset level includes: When the output current, output voltage, or output power of the energy acquisition module is less than a preset threshold, the vibration of the support is determined to have attenuated to a preset level.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the output parameters of the energy acquisition module used to determine the vibration level of the support include at least one of output current, output voltage, and output power. The control device collects the output current, output voltage, or output power of the energy acquisition module (or any combination of two or all three simultaneously), compares the collected parameter values ​​with a preset threshold, and thus determines whether the vibration level of the support has attenuated to the preset level. For example, when the output power of the energy acquisition module continuously decreases below the preset power threshold, it is determined that the vibration has attenuated to the preset level. Selecting at least one of output current, output voltage, or output power as the judgment criterion allows for flexible selection of the parameter that is easiest to detect and best reflects the vibration level, depending on the type of energy acquisition module and its circuit characteristics.

[0063] In this embodiment, at least one of the output current, output voltage, and output power of the energy harvesting module is used as the basis for judging the degree of vibration. This provides multiple optional parameters for judging the degree of vibration, and the most suitable output parameter can be flexibly selected for judgment based on the specific type (piezoelectric or electromagnetic) and circuit characteristics of the energy harvesting module, thereby improving the applicability and accuracy of the control method.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in this invention, when the displacement detection module 60 detects that the residual displacement of the bearing does not exceed the preset range, the displacement detection module 60 is controlled to be in a power-off or low-power state.

[0065] The low power consumption state is one of the following states: low power standby, intermittent sampling, or on-demand wake-up.

[0066] It should be noted that in this embodiment, when the displacement detection module 60 completes the residual displacement detection and determines that the residual displacement does not exceed the preset range, it indicates that the current offset of the support is within an acceptable range, and there is no need to initiate an active reset operation. At this time, the control device restores the displacement detection module 60 to a power-off state or a low-power consumption state to save energy in the energy storage module.

[0067] The low-power state can specifically be one of the following three modes: low-power standby mode, where the displacement detection module 60 remains powered on but in a standby state with minimal power consumption, and can quickly resume normal operation after receiving a wake-up command; intermittent sampling mode, where the displacement detection module 60 periodically and briefly starts to perform displacement sampling at relatively long time intervals, and immediately returns to the low-power state after sampling, remaining in the low-power state during the time interval between two samplings; and on-demand wake-up mode, where the displacement detection module 60 is in a completely powered-off state and is only powered on and started when the control device issues a wake-up command. All three low-power modes can effectively reduce the power consumption of the displacement detection module 60 during non-detection periods, reserving the limited power in the energy storage module for subsequent active reset drive operations that may be needed.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the residual displacement does not exceed the preset range, the displacement detection module 60 is promptly restored to a power-off or low-power state, preventing the displacement detection module 60 from continuously consuming power during periods when continuous detection is not required. The low-power state provides three selectable modes: low-power standby, intermittent sampling, and on-demand wake-up. These modes can be flexibly selected according to actual engineering needs and power reserves. While ensuring that displacement detection can be started at any time, the standby power consumption is minimized, which helps to extend the power supply duration of the energy storage module and improve the system's ability to continue working under multiple aftershock scenarios.

[0069] In one specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in this invention, at least four SMA stranded wire branches 41 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the bearing.

[0070] It should be noted that in this embodiment, at least four SMA stranded wire branches 41 are uniformly arranged circumferentially on the seismic isolation bearing. Each SMA stranded wire branch 41 is distributed at equal angular intervals along the circumference of the bearing, and each SMA stranded wire branch 41 includes SMA stranded wires and connected conductors and terminals. The uniform arrangement of at least four SMA stranded wire branches 41 circumferentially ensures that when the bearing experiences residual displacement in any horizontal direction, a SMA stranded wire branch 41 capable of generating a restoring force opposite to (or with a reverse component of) the direction of the residual displacement can be selected from the multiple circumferentially arranged branches. For example, when four SMA stranded wire branches 41 are arranged along the 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° directions respectively, when the bearing experiences residual displacement in any direction, it can be driven by selecting one or two adjacent SMA stranded wire branches 41 to generate a restoring force opposite to or with a sufficient reverse component of the residual displacement, achieving 360° omnidirectional active reset capability.

[0071] In this embodiment, by uniformly arranging at least four SMA stranded wire branches 41 along the circumference of the support, the support possesses a 360° omnidirectional active reset capability. Regardless of the direction of the residual displacement of the support after an earthquake, a branch capable of providing reverse restoring force can be selected from the multiple circumferentially arranged SMA stranded wire branches 41 for driving, achieving directional and precise reset operation. This avoids the energy waste caused by simultaneous omnidirectional driving and improves the flexibility and energy utilization efficiency of active reset.

[0072] Preferably, eight SMA stranded wire branches 41 can be evenly arranged along the circumference of the seismic isolation bearing. On the one hand, this increases the seismic resistance of the bearing, and on the other hand, it can also increase the flexibility and accuracy of selection, thereby reducing the number of SMA stranded wire branches 41 that need to be driven and reducing energy consumption to a certain extent.

[0073] In a specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in this invention, during the process of outputting the drive current to the SMA stranded wire branch 41, the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 is monitored by the temperature detection module 70.

[0074] The temperature detection module (70) is activated only after the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range.

[0075] When the displacement detection module (60) detects that the residual displacement has decreased to the preset range, it controls the temperature detection module (70) to be in a power-off state to further save energy.

[0076] Based on the temperature feedback from temperature detection module 70, perform one of the following operations: When the temperature of SMA stranded branch 41 does not reach the target temperature, maintain or increase the drive current. When the temperature difference between the SMA stranded branch 41 and the preset upper limit is less than the preset value, reduce the magnitude of the drive current or reduce the pulse duty cycle of the drive current. When the temperature of SMA stranded wire branch 41 reaches or exceeds the preset upper limit, the output drive current is stopped. Once the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 drops back to a safe range, the drive current will be output again.

[0077] It should be noted that in this embodiment, during the process of the drive module outputting drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch 41 for active reset, the temperature detection module 70 monitors the temperature of the driven SMA stranded wire branch 41 in real time. When the drive current passes through the SMA stranded wire, the temperature of the SMA stranded wire rises due to the resistive heating effect. When the temperature rises above the austenitic phase transformation temperature, the SMA stranded wire generates shape memory shrinkage recovery force. By monitoring the temperature of the SMA stranded wire through the temperature detection module 70, the control device can grasp the working temperature status of the SMA stranded wire in real time, determine whether the SMA stranded wire has reached the phase transformation temperature to generate recovery force, and whether there is a risk of overheating damage due to excessive temperature, providing a basis for subsequent drive current adjustment.

[0078] Based on the real-time temperature feedback of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 from the temperature detection module 70, the control device executes one of the following four temperature management strategies: In the first scenario: when the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 has not yet reached the target temperature (i.e., the austenitic phase transformation temperature), the SMA stranded wire has not yet generated effective shrinkage recovery force or the recovery force is insufficient. At this time, the control device maintains the current driving current unchanged or appropriately increases the driving current to accelerate the heating process of the SMA stranded wire, so that it can reach the phase transformation temperature as soon as possible to generate sufficient recovery force.

[0079] The second scenario: When the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 is close to the preset upper limit, that is, when the difference between the temperature and the preset upper limit is less than the preset value, it indicates that the SMA stranded wire temperature is close to the upper boundary of the safe operating range. At this time, the control device reduces the amplitude of the drive current or reduces the pulse duty cycle of the drive current. While maintaining the SMA stranded wire temperature at or above the phase transition temperature, it slows down the heating trend and prevents the temperature from continuing to rise and exceeding the preset upper limit.

[0080] The third scenario: When the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 reaches or exceeds the preset upper limit, continued heating may cause degradation or damage to the SMA stranded wire material. In this case, the control device immediately stops outputting the drive current, interrupting the heating of the SMA stranded wire, and allowing the SMA stranded wire to cool down naturally.

[0081] The fourth scenario: Once the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 drops to a safe range after heating stops, the control device resumes outputting drive current to continue heating the SMA stranded wire until the reset is complete. This intermittent heating strategy continuously advances the reset process through intermittent heating-cooling cycles, ensuring that the SMA stranded wire does not overheat and become damaged.

[0082] The above four temperature management strategies constitute a complete SMA stranded wire temperature closed-loop control mechanism, which adjusts the output state of the drive current in real time based on temperature feedback throughout the reset process.

[0083] In this embodiment, by monitoring the temperature of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 in real time during the driving process, the control device can accurately grasp the working temperature status of the SMA stranded wire. On the one hand, it can determine whether the SMA stranded wire has been heated above the austenitic phase transformation temperature to generate effective restoring force and ensure the effectiveness of the reset operation. On the other hand, it can promptly detect whether there is an overheating risk in the SMA stranded wire, providing data support for temperature protection control, avoiding material performance degradation or damage to the SMA stranded wire due to excessive temperature, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the SMA stranded wire and ensuring the long-term reliability of the reset system.

[0084] Simultaneously, based on feedback from the temperature detection module 70, a closed-loop control system employs four temperature management strategies for the drive current. During the heating phase, the current is maintained or increased to accelerate the SMA stranded wire to its phase transition temperature, ensuring timely generation of reset force. When the temperature approaches its upper limit, the current is reduced in advance to prevent overheating. Heating is stopped when the upper limit is reached to protect the SMA stranded wire material from thermal damage. After the temperature drops, reheating continues to advance the reset process. This closed-loop temperature control mechanism ensures effective reset force from the SMA stranded wire while avoiding material degradation or damage due to excessive temperature, balancing reset efficiency and SMA stranded wire lifespan, thus improving the long-term reliability of the active reset system.

[0085] In a specific embodiment of the energy collection active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing provided in this invention, the output of the driving current is stopped when the vibration level of the bearing is detected to be greater than a preset level during the output of the driving current.

[0086] Once the vibration has decayed to a preset level, the residual displacement of the support is checked again to see if it exceeds the preset range.

[0087] When the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range, at least one SMA stranded wire branch 41 that generates a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement is selected again, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current.

[0088] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a special control strategy is designed for the condition of aftershocks occurring during the reset process. During the active reset of the drive module's output drive current to the SMA stranded wire branch 41, the energy acquisition module continuously monitors its output parameters. If an aftershock occurs during this process, causing the support to be excited by the earthquake again and generate new vibrations, the output parameters of the energy acquisition module will increase again. When the control device detects that the output parameters of the energy acquisition module indicate that the vibration level of the support is greater than a preset level (i.e., it is determined that an aftershock has occurred and the vibration amplitude is not negligible), the control device immediately stops outputting the drive current and interrupts the active reset operation.

[0089] The design logic for interrupting the reset operation is as follows: During aftershocks, the support is under severe dynamic vibration. Continuing to drive the SMA stranded wire for reset at this time is not only ineffective (the support displacement changes continuously during aftershocks, and the reset target is uncertain), but may also cause damage to the support or SMA stranded wire due to the superposition of the large displacement generated by the aftershock and the contraction force of the SMA stranded wire. Therefore, the reset operation is stopped during aftershocks, and the operation is allowed to decay.

[0090] After an aftershock occurs, the control device follows the same judgment logic as the initial judgment: it determines whether the vibration has attenuated to a preset level based on the output parameters of the energy harvesting module, while the energy harvesting module continues to collect the vibration energy of the aftershock to replenish the energy storage module. Once it is determined that the aftershock vibration has attenuated to the preset level, the control device restarts the displacement detection module 60 to re-detect the current residual displacement of the support.

[0091] It should be noted that aftershocks may cause changes in the direction and magnitude of the residual displacement of the support (for example, aftershocks may cause the support to shift in the opposite direction or increase the original displacement). Therefore, it is necessary to re-detect the direction and magnitude of the residual displacement. If the residual displacement still exceeds the preset range, the SMA stranded wire branch 41 that can generate reverse restoring force is reselected according to the latest residual displacement direction, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current for a new round of active reset.

[0092] This control strategy enables the system to cope with the complex conditions of multiple aftershocks. During each aftershock, the system pauses reset and replenishes energy, and after the aftershock decays, it re-detects and resumes reset, realizing a cyclical control logic of "aftershock waiting - energy replenishment - re-detection - reset resumption".

[0093] In this embodiment, by monitoring the vibration state of the support during the reset process, the driving current is stopped and the reset operation is interrupted in time when an aftershock occurs. This avoids the risk of poor reset effect or damage to the support and SMA stranded wire that may result from forced reset during the severe vibration of the aftershock. At the same time, the energy harvesting module continues to collect vibration energy during the aftershock to replenish the energy storage module, reserving more energy for subsequent reset operations. After the aftershock decays, the residual displacement is re-detected and the SMA stranded wire branch 41 is re-selected for reset based on the latest residual displacement direction. This enables the system to adapt to changes in the direction and magnitude of residual displacement caused by aftershocks, achieving adaptive response to complex conditions of multiple aftershocks. This improves the post-earthquake recovery capability of the seismic isolation support after strong earthquakes and multiple aftershocks, and enhances the safety of the engineering structure.

[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention provides an active energy collection and reset control device for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that it includes a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the above-mentioned active energy collection and reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing.

[0095] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the energy-collecting active reset control device is the hardware carrier for implementing the aforementioned control method, including a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program stored on the storage medium. The processor is the core computing unit of the control device, used to execute the various control logics and algorithms in the computer program. The storage medium is used to store the computer program code and the parameter data required during operation (such as preset thresholds, preset ranges, upper and lower temperature limits, and other configuration parameters). When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements all the steps of the aforementioned control method, including: the acquisition of output parameters from the energy-collecting module and the judgment of vibration level, the start-up and power-off / low-power control of the displacement detection module 60, residual displacement detection and judgment, the selection of the SMA stranded wire branch 41 and the control of the drive current output, temperature closed-loop management, and all control logic such as aftershock interruption and recovery reset.

[0096] It should be noted that in this embodiment, under static load conditions (i.e., during non-earthquake periods, the supports only bear static loads such as the structure's own weight, without seismic excitation), the control device as a whole is in a low-power standby state, powered by the energy storage module to maintain the minimum standby voltage. In this state, the processor enters a low-power sleep mode, and peripheral functional modules such as the displacement detection module 60, temperature detection module 70, and drive module are all in a power-off or low-power state. Only the monitoring module in the control device is kept running at the lowest power level or monitoring the output parameters of the energy acquisition module through intermittent sampling. When the monitoring module detects an abnormal change in the output parameters (voltage, current, or power) of the energy acquisition module (such as an increase in output parameters due to slight vibration), it sends a wake-up signal to the control device. The control device can be woken up and enter a pre-monitoring state to monitor the output parameters of the energy acquisition module in real time or with a shortened sampling interval. When the output parameters of the energy acquisition module remain below a preset threshold for a preset duration, the control device continues to maintain a low-power standby state.

[0097] The monitoring module is a low-power hardware functional unit built into the energy-collecting active reset control device. It belongs to the category of peripheral functional modules of the control device and has the ability to operate independently of the processor. In this embodiment, the input terminal of the monitoring module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the external energy-collecting module to collect the output electrical parameters of the energy-collecting module; the output terminal is electrically connected to the wake-up trigger port of the processor to output a wake-up trigger signal; the power supply terminal is normally connected to the power supply output terminal of the energy storage module and is not controlled by the power on / off of other peripheral modules.

[0098] The monitoring module can be constructed from a signal acquisition and conditioning circuit, a threshold comparison circuit, and a level output circuit. Alternatively, it can be implemented using an integrated low-power microcontroller unit. Its static operating power consumption is far lower than that of the processor during normal operation, and it can complete basic monitoring functions at a microwatt-level power consumption, meeting the requirements for long-term low-power standby throughout the entire life cycle of the engineering structure.

[0099] The monitoring module features two switchable operating modes: a low-power standby monitoring mode and a normal sampling mode. In low-power standby monitoring mode, the module operates with minimal power consumption, using a fixed-interval sampling method to collect the output voltage, current, or power parameters of the energy acquisition module. Parameter acquisition and threshold comparison can be completed independently without processor intervention. When the output parameters of the energy acquisition module reach a preset wake-up threshold, the monitoring module outputs a wake-up signal to the processor, triggering the processor to wake up from low-power sleep mode and switching the entire control device to a ready-to-monitor state. In normal sampling mode, the monitoring module increases the sampling frequency, transmitting the output parameters of the energy acquisition module to the processor in real time. The processor then performs more refined control logic, such as vibration level judgment and energy state assessment. In this mode, the sampling frequency, sampling channels, and other parameters of the monitoring module can be dynamically adjusted by the processor according to actual operating conditions.

[0100] The power supply path of the monitoring module is independent of that of the displacement detection module, temperature detection module, drive module, and other peripheral functional modules. When the control device enters a low-power standby state, the power supply paths of the other peripheral functional modules are cut off, and only the monitoring module maintains power supply and runs in a low-power standby monitoring mode, thereby achieving overall low-power control under static load conditions.

[0101] It should be noted that seismic isolation bearings are in a static load state (i.e., non-seismic state) for the vast majority of the engineering structure's life cycle, only experiencing seismic forces for a very small number of times. If the control device maintains normal operating power consumption throughout the long static load period, it will generate a large amount of unnecessary energy consumption. In this embodiment, the control device automatically enters a low-power standby state under static load conditions, reducing power consumption during static load periods to a low level, allowing the energy in the energy storage module to be effectively retained and accumulated during non-seismic periods. When the energy harvesting module intermittently harvests a small amount of energy during static load periods due to minor vibrations caused by environmental micro-vibrations, wind loads, or traffic loads, this energy is continuously stored in the energy storage module, ensuring that the energy storage module maintains sufficient energy reserves before an earthquake, providing more ample power support for post-earthquake active reset.

[0102] In this embodiment, the entire control logic of the aforementioned control method is executed in software through a combination of a processor, storage medium, and computer program. This approach offers high flexibility and ease of upgrade and maintenance. Control parameters (such as preset thresholds, upper and lower temperature limits, etc.) can be adjusted by modifying the configuration data in the storage medium. This allows the device to adapt to different specifications of seismic isolation bearings or the needs of different engineering scenarios without altering the hardware circuitry, thus improving the applicability, flexibility, and maintainability of the control device.

[0103] Under static load conditions, the entire control device enters a low-power standby state. The processor goes into hibernation, and all functional modules are powered off or operate at low power consumption, retaining only the monitoring function to detect the degree of vibration. Since the seismic isolation bearings are in a static load state for most of their life cycle, this low-power standby design avoids the energy waste of the control device during long non-earthquake periods, effectively retaining and continuously accumulating energy in the energy storage module. This provides more abundant energy reserves for post-earthquake active reset, enhancing the system's ability to respond instantly and complete active reset in the event of a sudden earthquake.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for active resetting control of energy collection in a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Under static load conditions, the control displacement detection module (60) is in a power-off or low-power state; When vibration occurs, the kinetic energy of the support is converted into electrical energy through the energy harvesting module and stored in the energy storage module; The degree of vibration of the support is determined based on the output parameters of the energy harvesting module. Once it is determined that the vibration has decayed to a preset level, the displacement detection module (60) is activated to detect whether the residual displacement of the support exceeds a preset range. When the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range, according to the direction of the residual displacement detected by the displacement detection module (60), at least one SMA stranded wire branch (41) that generates a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement is selected, and the drive module is controlled to output a drive current to the selected SMA stranded wire branch (41) for active reset. When the displacement detection module (60) detects that the residual displacement has decreased to the preset range, it controls the drive module to stop outputting the drive current and controls the displacement detection module (60) to be in a power-off or low-power state.

2. The energy-collecting active reset control method for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy harvesting module includes a piezoelectric energy harvesting module (31) and a horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module (32). The piezoelectric energy harvesting module (31) is used to harvest vertical vibration energy, and the horizontal electromagnetic energy harvesting module (32) is used to harvest horizontal shear motion energy.

3. The energy-collecting active reset control method for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module is a battery, a supercapacitor, or a combination of a battery and a supercapacitor.

4. The energy-collecting active reset control method for three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The output parameters of the energy harvesting module include at least one of output current, output voltage, and output power; Determining whether vibration has attenuated to a preset level includes: When the output current, output voltage, or output power of the energy acquisition module is less than a preset threshold, it is determined that the vibration of the support has attenuated to the preset level.

5. The method for active energy collection and resetting control of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, When the displacement detection module (60) detects that the residual displacement of the support does not exceed the preset range, it controls the displacement detection module (60) to be in a power-off or low-power state. The low power consumption state is one of the following states: low power standby, intermittent sampling, or on-demand wake-up.

6. The method for active energy collection and resetting control of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support is provided with at least 4 SMA stranded wire branches (41) evenly distributed around its circumference.

7. The method for active energy collection and resetting control of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the process of outputting drive current to the SMA stranded branch (41), the temperature of the SMA stranded branch (41) is monitored by the temperature detection module (70); The temperature detection module (70) is activated only after the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range. When the displacement detection module (60) detects that the residual displacement has decreased to the preset range, it controls the temperature detection module (70) to be in a power-off state.

8. The method for active energy collection and reset control of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the temperature fed back by the temperature detection module (70), perform one of the following operations: When the temperature of the SMA stranded branch (41) does not reach the target temperature, the driving current is maintained or increased; When the difference between the temperature of the SMA stranded branch (41) and the preset upper limit is less than the preset value, the magnitude of the driving current or the pulse duty cycle of the driving current is reduced. When the temperature of the SMA stranded branch (41) reaches or exceeds the preset upper limit, the output of the drive current is stopped; Once the temperature of the SMA stranded branch (41) drops back to a safe range, the drive current is output again.

9. The method for active energy collection and resetting control of a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, If the vibration level of the support is detected to be greater than the preset level during the output of the drive current, the output of the drive current is stopped. Once it is determined that the vibration has attenuated to a preset level, the residual displacement of the support is checked again to see if it exceeds the preset range. When the residual displacement is detected to exceed the preset range, at least one of the SMA stranded wire branches (41) that generates a restoring force opposite to the direction of the residual displacement is selected again, and the drive module is controlled to output drive current.

10. An energy-collecting active reset control device for a three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, The system includes a processor, a storage medium, and a computer program stored on the storage medium and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the energy-gathering active reset control method for the three-dimensional composite seismic isolation bearing as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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