BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for fabricated composite slab

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly discloses an intelligent positioning and installation method for fabricated composite slabs based on BIM, which aims at solving the problems of large positioning deviation, frequent quality defects and low control efficiency of traditional composite slabs, and constructs a whole-process control system with BIM digital model as the core: pipeline collision and node defects are eliminated through BIM deepening design of civil engineering and electromechanical integration, BIM data is imported into a production line to guarantee the machining precision of prefabricated components, laser setting-out is carried out according to BIM coordinates on site, balanced hoisting and special positioning fixtures are adopted to realize accurate positioning of the composite slabs, and the process of interface reinforcement of composite surfaces, joint crack resistance and sealing and early-dismantling support optimization is matched, finally, acceptance is completed through BIM real measurement comparison, and a "one slab one file" traceability file is established. The application systematically solves the quality defects in the construction of fabricated composite slabs, shortens the construction period, saves comprehensive cost, and realizes digital traceable control in the whole construction process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated composite slabs are the core load-bearing components of prefabricated concrete structures, widely used in residential buildings, apartments, schools, hospitals, office buildings, and other building construction projects. Under traditional construction methods, issues such as rough surveying and positioning, large deviations in hoisting and placement, conflicts with pre-embedded pipelines, displacement of support reinforcement, and uneven settlement of the support system easily lead to common quality problems such as joint cracking and leakage, hollow areas in post-cast layers, misalignment of reinforcement, pipeline misalignment and blockage, and excessive flatness of the slab surface. These issues directly affect structural safety, functionality, and aesthetic quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems caused by inaccurate measurement and positioning of prefabricated composite slabs in traditional construction methods, such as large deviations in hoisting and positioning, conflicts in pipeline pre-embedded parts, displacement of support reinforcement, and uneven settlement of the support system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs, comprising the following steps: S1. BIM Modeling and Detailed Design: Build an integrated BIM model including civil engineering, MEP, and structure of the building; perform pipeline collision checks through the BIM model, optimize intersecting pipelines, lifting point positions, reserved holes in composite slabs, and splicing structure of composite slabs; output construction positioning drawings, hoisting simulation files, and detailed drawings of component processing. S2. Component precision control: Import the component processing data from the BIM model into the component production line, use high-precision steel molds for forming, lay out steel trusses, embedded parts and lifting rings according to the BIM data, control the roughening depth of the overlapping surface, and ensure that the strength of the component meets the standard after curing. S3. Support system erection: Through BIM stress simulation analysis, determine the spacing between uprights, the step distance of horizontal bars, and the layout parameters of main and secondary joists; use a laser level to monitor the elevation in real time during erection; conduct a special acceptance inspection after the support system is erected. S4. Intelligent hoisting of composite slabs: Based on the positioning coordinates of the BIM model, the on-site layout is completed. Multi-point balanced hoisting tools are used to hoist the composite slabs. After the slabs are corrected and positioned according to the positioning coordinates, temporary fixing is implemented to control the planar position and elevation deviation of the composite slabs. S5. Precise layout of support negative reinforcement and pipelines: Use special positioning clamps to fix the support negative reinforcement, rely on the positioning data of BIM model to lay out the pre-embedded pipelines and junction boxes, and use limit fixing seats for reinforcement. S6. Treatment of composite surface and construction of post-cast layer: Clean the laitance, dust and debris from the composite surface of the composite slab, and apply interface treatment agent evenly; after the reinforcement of the post-cast layer is tied, pour concrete in layers and carry out moisture curing. S7. Joint Sealing and BIM Digital Acceptance: Clean the inside of the joints of the composite slabs and apply an interface agent evenly. Use crack-resistant materials and sealant to seal the joints. Compare the actual measured data on site with the BIM model to complete the acceptance and establish a full-process quality traceability file for each composite slab.

[0005] Furthermore, in step S1, the precision of the reserved holes in the composite plate is ≤3mm; the hoisting simulation file is a 4D hoisting animation.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S2, the mold size deviation of the high-precision steel mold is ≤2mm; the roughening depth of the overlapping surface is controlled at 3~5mm; the thickness of the precast composite slab bottom plate is 60~80mm, and the concrete strength grade is C30~C40.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S3, the support system is a cup-type or disc-type steel pipe support, with a vertical pole spacing of 0.8~1.2m and a horizontal bar spacing of 1.2~1.5m; the elevation error is ≤3mm.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S4, a four-point balanced lifting point is used in conjunction with a special I-beam hanger for hoisting, with a lifting speed ≤0.5m / s; after the composite slab is in place, the planar position deviation is ≤5mm, and the elevation deviation is ≤5mm.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S5, a special positioning clamp is used to control the anchorage length, spacing and protective layer thickness of the negative reinforcement of the support, with a positioning deviation of ≤3mm; the pre-embedded pipelines and junction boxes are fixed with limit fixing seats.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S6, the interface treatment agent is a polymer cement interface agent; the post-cast concrete is poured in layers with a layer thickness of ≤300mm, and each layer is compacted by an immersion vibrator, and the curing time after pouring is ≥7 days.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the post-cast layer is 70~100mm, and it uses concrete with strength grade C40~C60 and impermeability grade ≥P6.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S7, the joint sealing is carried out in stages using crack-resistant mortar and special sealant, and each layer is compacted; the quality traceability file records the entire process information of composite slab production, hoisting and acceptance.

[0013] The present invention employs the above-mentioned intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs based on BIM, and its beneficial effects are as follows: (1) This invention eliminates design defects such as pipeline collisions and node conflicts in advance through BIM multi-disciplinary integrated detailed design. Combined with laser layout positioning, intelligent balanced hoisting and special steel bar positioning clamps, the deviation of the plane position, elevation and joint width of the composite slab can be controlled within 5mm. The positioning accuracy of the support negative reinforcement and the pre-embedded pipeline is improved simultaneously. With the interface enhancement treatment of the composite surface and the complete set of joint crack-resistant sealing technology, it effectively solves the high-frequency quality defects such as joint cracking and leakage, post-cast layer hollowing, steel bar displacement and pipeline misalignment in traditional construction. The incidence of quality defects is greatly reduced, ensuring the overall stress performance and service durability of the composite structure, and improving the quality of the project entity and the appearance quality. (2) This invention relies on BIM virtual pre-assembly and 4D hoisting simulation to optimize hoisting path and streamline process connection in advance, reducing the time spent on on-site trial hoisting, alignment adjustment and process conflict; the support system optimizes the layout parameters through BIM stress simulation, and combined with early dismantling technology to speed up the turnover efficiency of the frame and reduce the time occupied by materials; the precise positioning of the whole process greatly reduces the amount of rework and adjustment work, significantly compresses the construction cycle of standard floors, and is especially suitable for prefabricated batch construction projects with multiple standard floors and tight schedules, so as to achieve an overall improvement in construction efficiency; (3) This invention uses the BIM model as a unified data carrier to connect the data links of design refinement, component production, on-site construction and final acceptance, avoiding data transmission deviations in multiple links; through the digital quality traceability archive of "one panel, one file", it fully records the information of the entire process of composite panel production, hoisting and acceptance, realizes traceability of quality responsibility and retrospective investigation of problems and hidden dangers, promotes the upgrading of construction management from extensive to refined and digital, and also provides complete data support for the later building operation and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0016] This invention provides a BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs, applicable to the construction of prefabricated concrete shear wall structures and frame structures, covering: high-rise residential buildings, resettlement housing, affordable housing, public buildings such as schools, hospitals, and office buildings, and prefabricated batch construction projects with multiple standard floors, high precision requirements, and tight schedules.

[0017] This embodiment is applied to a resettlement housing project, with an application area of ​​approximately 2600m². 2 A total of 320 composite panels were installed.

[0018] The main materials and equipment are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 Main Materials

[0019] Table 2 Main Equipment

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: S1. BIM Modeling and Detailed Design: Building an integrated BIM model that includes civil engineering, mechanical and electrical systems, and structure of the building, and integrating information from multiple disciplines to achieve collaborative design; Pipeline collision checks are performed using BIM models to optimize intersecting pipelines, lifting point positions, pre-reserved holes in composite slabs (accuracy ≤3mm), and the joint structure of composite slabs. The final output includes construction positioning diagrams, hoisting simulation files (4D hoisting animation), and detailed component processing drawings; achieving seamless transfer of design, production, and construction data, and providing digital support for precise installation.

[0021] S2. Component Precision Control: Import the component processing data from the BIM model into the component production line, use high-precision steel molds for forming (mold size deviation ≤2mm), lay out steel trusses, embedded parts and lifting rings according to BIM data, control the roughening depth of the overlapping surface to 3~5mm, and ensure the interface bonding performance; after steam curing, the components meet the strength standards when leaving the factory, realizing digital quality control of the entire precast component production process.

[0022] S3. Support System Erection: The support system is a cup-lock or disc-lock steel pipe support. Through BIM stress simulation analysis, the spacing between uprights, the step distance of horizontal bars, and the layout parameters of the main and secondary keels are determined to ensure the safety and stability of the support system. The spacing between uprights is 0.8~1.2m, and the step distance of horizontal bars is 1.2~1.5m. During erection, a laser level is used to monitor the elevation in real time, and the error is strictly controlled within ≤3mm. After the support system is erected, a special acceptance inspection is carried out. Only after passing the inspection can the subsequent procedures be carried out, realizing digital management and precise construction of the entire support erection process.

[0023] S4. Intelligent hoisting of composite slabs: Based on the positioning coordinates of the BIM model, the site layout is completed, and multi-point balanced hoisting tools are used to hoist the composite slabs. After being corrected and positioned according to the positioning coordinates, temporary fixation is implemented to control the plane position and elevation deviation of the composite slabs, prevent displacement and deviation, and achieve safe and controllable hoisting operations and accurate and efficient installation positioning.

[0024] In this embodiment, a four-point balanced lifting point is used in conjunction with a special H-beam lifting frame for hoisting. The lifting speed is ≤0.5m / s to ensure that the components are lifted smoothly. After the composite slab is in place, the plane position deviation is ≤5mm and the elevation deviation is ≤5mm.

[0025] S5. Precise placement of support negative reinforcement and pipelines: Special positioning clamps are used to control the anchorage length, spacing and protective layer thickness of the support negative reinforcement, with a positioning deviation of ≤3mm; the reinforcement is firmly and reliably tied, and the coordinates are checked using the BIM model before pouring. The on-site installation position is compared and verified with the design data in real time, which effectively prevents the reinforcement from shifting during the concrete pouring process and ensures the positioning accuracy of the negative reinforcement and the overall stress performance of the structure.

[0026] Based on the positioning data of the BIM model, the pre-embedded pipelines and junction boxes are laid out and reinforced with limit fixing seats; to ensure that the pre-embedded position is accurate and reliable, the pipeline pre-embedding accuracy rate is not less than 98%, and to effectively avoid damage to the structure caused by later grooving and drilling.

[0027] S6. Treatment of the composite surface and construction of the post-cast layer: Clean the laitance, dust and debris from the composite surface of the composite slab to ensure that the base layer is clean and solid; apply the interface treatment agent evenly to effectively improve the interface bonding performance between the precast base slab and the post-cast layer, avoid quality problems such as hollowing and peeling, and ensure the overall structural reliability of the composite structure. After the reinforcement of the post-cast layer is tied, concrete is poured. A layered pouring construction process is adopted, and the layer thickness is strictly controlled to ≤300mm. An immersion vibrator is used to vibrate and compact each layer to ensure that there is no missed vibration or over-vibration, and to avoid quality defects such as honeycomb and pitting. After pouring, the concrete is covered and moisturized in a timely manner, and the curing age is not less than 7 days to effectively inhibit the generation of early shrinkage cracks, ensure that the post-cast layer is tightly bonded to the precast base slab, and that the concrete strength meets the design requirements.

[0028] S7. Joint sealing and BIM digital acceptance: Clean the debris and laitance inside the joints of the composite slabs to ensure that the base layer is clean and dry, and then apply the interface agent evenly; use crack-resistant materials and sealant to seal the joints, and apply the sealant in stages, compacting each layer and smoothing the surface to effectively prevent joint cracking and leakage, and ensure that the waterproof performance and appearance quality of the composite slab joints meet the standards. The on-site measured data is compared with the BIM model to complete the acceptance, and a digital quality traceability file is established for each slab. This file fully records the information of the entire process of composite slab production, hoisting and acceptance, so as to achieve traceability of quality responsibility, retrospective investigation of problems and hidden dangers, and ensure that the construction quality is controllable throughout the process and that the process data is verifiable.

[0029] The implementation results show that the installation and positioning deviation of the composite slabs are all controlled within ≤5mm, the incidence of common quality defects is reduced to 2.6%, maintenance costs are reduced by more than 60%, the construction period of the standard floor is shortened by 9 days, and the overall cost is reduced by 6.2%; the structural entity passes the acceptance test on the first attempt, the appearance quality is excellent, and it has broad application value.

[0030] Therefore, this invention adopts the above-mentioned intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs based on BIM. 1) By using BIM multi-disciplinary integrated design to eliminate design defects such as pipeline collisions and node conflicts in advance, and combining laser layout positioning, intelligent balanced hoisting and special steel bar positioning clamps, the deviation of the composite slab's plane position, elevation and joint width can be controlled within 5mm, and the positioning accuracy of the support negative reinforcement and embedded pipelines can be improved simultaneously. With the interface enhancement treatment of the composite surface and the complete set of joint crack-resistant sealing technology, it effectively solves the high-frequency quality problems such as joint cracking and leakage, post-cast layer hollowing, steel bar displacement and pipeline misalignment in traditional construction, and significantly reduces the incidence of quality problems, ensuring the overall stress performance and service durability of the composite structure, and improving the quality and appearance of the project. 2) This invention relies on BIM virtual pre-assembly and 4D hoisting simulation to optimize the hoisting path and streamline the process in advance. This invention reduces the time spent on on-site trial lifting, alignment adjustments, and process conflicts; the support system optimizes layout parameters through BIM stress simulation, and combined with early dismantling technology, accelerates the turnover efficiency of the frame and reduces material occupation time; precise positioning throughout the entire process significantly reduces rework and adjustment workload, and significantly compresses the construction cycle of standard floors, especially suitable for prefabricated batch construction projects with multiple standard floors and tight schedules, achieving an overall improvement in construction efficiency; 3) This invention uses the BIM model as a unified data carrier to connect the data links of design refinement, component production, on-site construction, and final acceptance, avoiding data transmission deviations in multiple stages; through the "one slab, one file" digital quality traceability archive, it fully records the information of the entire process of composite slab production, hoisting, and acceptance, realizing traceability of quality responsibility and retrospective investigation of problems and hidden dangers, promoting the upgrade of construction management from extensive to refined and digital, and also providing complete data support for later building operation and maintenance.

[0031] It is worth noting that all contents not described in detail in this invention are existing technologies and are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. BIM Modeling and Detailed Design: Build an integrated BIM model including civil engineering, MEP, and structure of the building; perform pipeline collision checks through the BIM model, optimize intersecting pipelines, lifting point positions, reserved holes in composite slabs, and splicing structure of composite slabs; output construction positioning drawings, hoisting simulation files, and detailed drawings of component processing. S2. Component precision control: Import the component processing data from the BIM model into the component production line, use high-precision steel molds for forming, lay out steel trusses, embedded parts and lifting rings according to the BIM data, control the roughening depth of the overlapping surface, and ensure that the strength of the component meets the standard after curing. S3. Support system erection: Through BIM stress simulation analysis, determine the spacing between uprights, the step distance of horizontal bars, and the layout parameters of main and secondary joists; use a laser level to monitor the elevation in real time during erection; conduct a special acceptance inspection after the support system is erected. S4. Intelligent hoisting of composite slabs: Based on the positioning coordinates of the BIM model, the on-site layout is completed. Multi-point balanced hoisting tools are used to hoist the composite slabs. After the slabs are corrected and positioned according to the positioning coordinates, temporary fixing is implemented to control the planar position and elevation deviation of the composite slabs. S5. Precise layout of support negative reinforcement and pipelines: Use special positioning clamps to fix the support negative reinforcement, and lay out the pre-embedded pipelines and junction boxes based on the positioning data of the BIM model. S6. Treatment of composite surface and construction of post-cast layer: Clean the laitance, dust and debris from the composite surface of the composite slab, and apply interface treatment agent evenly; after the reinforcement of the post-cast layer is tied, pour concrete in layers and carry out moisture curing. S7. Joint Sealing and BIM Digital Acceptance: Clean the inside of the joints of the composite slabs and apply an interface agent evenly. Use crack-resistant materials and sealant to seal the joints. Compare the actual measured data on site with the BIM model to complete the acceptance and establish a full-process quality traceability file for each composite slab.

2. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the precision of the reserved holes in the composite plate is ≤3mm; the hoisting simulation file is a 4D hoisting animation.

3. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the mold size deviation of the high-precision steel mold is ≤2mm; the roughening depth of the overlapping surface is controlled at 3~5mm; the thickness of the precast composite slab bottom plate is 60~80mm, and the concrete strength grade is C30~C40.

4. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the support system is a cup-type or disc-type steel pipe support, with a vertical pole spacing of 0.8~1.2m and a horizontal bar spacing of 1.2~1.5m; the elevation error is ≤3mm.

5. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, a four-point balanced lifting point is used in conjunction with a special I-beam hanger for hoisting, with a lifting speed ≤0.5m / s; after the composite slab is in place, the planar position deviation is ≤5mm and the elevation deviation is ≤5mm.

6. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, a special positioning clamp is used to control the anchorage length, spacing and protective layer thickness of the negative reinforcement of the support, with a positioning deviation of ≤3mm; the pre-embedded pipelines and junction boxes are fixed with limit fixing seats.

7. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the interface treatment agent is a polymer cement interface agent; the post-cast concrete is poured in layers with a layer thickness of ≤300mm, and each layer is compacted by an immersion vibrator, and the curing time after pouring is ≥7 days.

8. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the post-cast layer is 70~100mm, using concrete with strength grade C40~C60 and impermeability grade ≥P6.

9. The BIM-based intelligent positioning and installation method for prefabricated composite slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the joint sealing is carried out in stages using crack-resistant mortar and special sealant, and each layer is compacted. The quality traceability file records the entire process information of composite slab production, hoisting and acceptance.

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