A quantum computing and quantum sensing unified hardware architecture and system based on prime spectrum manifold topological constraints

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of quantum computing and quantum sensing unified hardware architecture and system based on prime spectrum manifold topological constraint, belong to quantum computing and quantum sensing technical field.The application maps quantum bit array as the vortex distribution on prime spectrum manifold, and simultaneously realizes the topological coherence protection of quantum bit and the high sensitivity reading of quantum sensing signal using total topological charge zero condition.Under quantum computing mode, the controlled path movement of vortex realizes quantum gate operation;Under quantum sensing mode, the topological charge response of vortex to external disturbance realizes high sensitivity measurement.The application provides a unified topological protection hardware platform for quantum computing and quantum sensing, supports computing-sensing hybrid mode, and is suitable for quantum enhanced radar, quantum magnetometer, quantum computing acceleration and other scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of quantum computing and quantum sensing technology, and is particularly applicable to scenarios such as coherent manipulation of qubit arrays, acceleration of quantum gate operations, suppression of quantum decoherence, high-sensitivity quantum sensing signal readout, and hardware acceleration of quantum error correction codes. Specifically, it relates to a system and method that utilizes prime number spectrum manifold vortex pairing and topological charge zeroing conditions to provide a unified topology protection hardware architecture for quantum computing and quantum sensing. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum computing and quantum sensing are two core application areas of quantum technology, but existing hardware implementations have the following inherent limitations: Qubit decoherence is a common bottleneck in both quantum computing and quantum sensing: whether it is quantum gate operations in quantum computing or signal accumulation in quantum sensing, the coherence time of qubits directly determines the upper limit of system performance. Existing decoherence suppression schemes mainly rely on extremely low temperatures (mK level) and material optimization, which are extremely costly and have limited effectiveness. Topological protection of quantum computing relies on complex manipulation of non-Abelian anyons: topological quantum computing schemes (such as Majorana zero-mode weaving) require manipulation of non-Abelian anyons, which is extremely difficult to conduct experiments and requires extremely low temperature environments, and large-scale integration has not yet been achieved. The improvement in the sensitivity of quantum sensing depends on a longer coherence time: existing quantum sensing schemes improve sensitivity by increasing the detection time and the number of quantum state tomography, but are limited by the decoherence time of the qubit. It cannot be expanded indefinitely. The hardware architectures of quantum computing and quantum sensing are independent: quantum computers and quantum sensors typically employ different hardware designs and control schemes, lacking a unified topology-protected hardware framework, thus failing to achieve integrated computing and sensing. There is a lack of a unified hardware solution for quantum technologies based on the topological constraints of prime spectrum manifolds: vortex pairing and the zero-topological-charge condition on prime spectrum manifolds have been proven to be applicable to the simulation of quantum many-body systems, but have not yet been extended to a unified hardware architecture for quantum computing and quantum sensing. This invention proposes a unified hardware architecture for quantum computing and quantum sensing based on the topological constraints of a prime-spectral manifold. It maps the qubit array as a vortex distribution on a prime-spectral manifold, utilizing the condition that the total topological charge returns to zero. It serves as a topology protection criterion for quantum states, while also supporting topology acceleration of quantum gate operations and topology enhancement readout of quantum sensing signals. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention This invention aims to provide a unified hardware architecture and system for quantum computing and quantum sensing based on the topological constraints of prime number spectrum manifolds. By mapping the qubit array onto a prime number spectrum manifold, the topological charge zeroing condition is used to simultaneously achieve topological coherence protection of the qubits and high-sensitivity readout of quantum sensing signals, thus providing a unified hardware platform for quantum computing and quantum sensing. Technical solution This invention is based on the following core principle: in prime number spectrum manifold Above, the collective state of a qubit array can be mapped to a vortex distribution, with the total topological charge... This corresponds to a finite energy ground state. Quantum gate operations are achieved through the controlled movement of vortices (the change in topological charge along the vortex path corresponds to a quantum gate), and quantum sensing is achieved through the response of vortices to external disturbances (the disturbance causes a shift in the total topological charge). This unified hardware architecture comprises seven core components: Quantum bit-vortex mapping interface: Configured to map the state of physical quantum bit arrays (superconducting quantum bits, ion traps, semiconductor quantum dots, neutral atom arrays, etc.) to a prime number spectrum manifold. The vortex distribution on the manifold. Each physical qubit corresponds to a local topological defect (vortex) on the manifold, and its state... Topological loads encoded as vortices and phase angle . Topological quantum gate manipulation engine: configured to perform quantum gate manipulation through controlled movement of vortices, thereby controlling the quantum gate... The operation matrix is ​​mapped to a vortex in Path set on The fidelity of a quantum gate is guaranteed by the conservation of the topological charge of the path. A single-qubit gate corresponds to a single vortex moving along a preset path, a two-qubit gate corresponds to the entanglement of two vortices, and any quantum gate is realized through combinations of vortex paths. Topological quantum sensing probes: These probes are configured to use a portion of the vortices in a qubit array as sensing probes. Changes in external physical quantities (magnetic field, electric field, temperature, pressure) alter the local topological charge of the probe vortices. This leads to a total topological load An offset has occurred. This was determined through measurement. The offset can be used to infer changes in external physical quantities with high sensitivity. In single-vortex sensing mode, the sensitivity of a single vortex to a disturbance is determined by the topological bandgap; in multi-vortex sensing mode, multiple vortices respond collaboratively, improving sensitivity. times. Topological charge monitoring and quantum state tomography module: configured to monitor total topological charge in real time. and the phase angle of each vortex The numerical values ​​and The complete quantum state of the qubit array is reconstructed from the distribution. This module includes a vortex phase extraction circuit (based on interferometry or dispersion readout) and a topological charge accumulator. Feedback control and error correction module: Configured to detect... The deviation from zero is fed back as an error signal to the quantum gate operation engine and the sensing probe control unit. In quantum computing mode, the deviation signal is used to drive error correction pulses to compensate for topological charge drift caused by decoherence; in quantum sensing mode, the deviation signal is directly used as the sensing output, while simultaneously compensating for environmental noise in real time. Mode Configuration and Scheduling Controller: Configured to receive external commands and switch between quantum computing mode and quantum sensing mode. In quantum computing mode, the system performs topology path planning and execution of quantum gate operations; in quantum sensing mode, the system configures a designated vortex as a sensing probe and begins signal integration. Output and Interface Module: Configured to output the results of quantum computing (quantum state readouts) or the measurement results of quantum sensing (physical quantity values), supporting standard bus interfaces (AXI, PCIe). Overall architecture data flow: Physical qubit array → Qubit-vortex mapping → Topological quantum gate operation / sensor probe configuration → Topological charge monitoring → Feedback control → Result output Quantum computing mode flow: Quantum algorithm instructions → Mode configuration (quantum computing) → Quantum gate decomposition into vortex paths → Path execution → Topological charge monitoring → Feedback correction → Result reading Quantum Sensing Mode Flow: Sensing Target Setting → Mode Configuration (Quantum Sensing) → Vortex Probe Configuration → Signal Integration → Topological Charge Migration Measurement → Physical Quantity Inversion → Result Output Topology protection mechanism: - Topological load of vortices It is an integer, topologically protected, and unaffected by local noise; - The fidelity of quantum gate operations is guaranteed by the conservation of topological charge, and the gate error is mainly determined by the accuracy of vortex path control, rather than environmental noise; - The condition for the total topological charge to return to zero. As a global constraint, it excludes non-physical states. Beneficial effects The unified hardware architecture supports both quantum computing and quantum sensing, with a hardware resource reuse rate exceeding 60%. Topology-protected quantum gate operations are insensitive to local noise, and the quantum gate fidelity can theoretically reach the topological limit. Quantum sensing sensitivity is limited by the accuracy of topological charge measurement rather than the decoherence time of qubits, and theoretically it can break through the standard quantum limit. Mode switching latency < 100 ns, supports computation-sensing hybrid mode; It is compatible with existing quantum bit hardware (superconductors, ion traps, semiconductor quantum dots, neutral atoms); Topological charge monitoring provides real-time quantum state tomography without the need for additional measurement circuitry. Detailed Implementation

[0004] Example 1: Topological Quantum Computing Modes of Superconducting Quantum Bit Arrays Step Q1, System Initialization: Initial state of a superconducting quantum bit Mapped to the prime number spectrum manifold A zero-charge vortex ( Total topological load . Step Q2, Quantum Gate Path Planning: Decompose the target quantum algorithm (e.g., Grover's search algorithm, 2 qubits) into a sequence of single-qubit gates and controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates. Each Hadamard gate corresponds to a single vortex moving along a meridian. Phase, CNOT gate corresponds to the winding motion of the control vortex and the target vortex (controlling the vortex to revolve around the target vortex once). Step Q3, Gate Execution and Monitoring: The vortex path is driven by an external microwave pulse sequence, and the execution time is approximately... ns (single-bit gate) and ns (two-bit gate). The topology load monitoring module tracks the execution process in real time. The instantaneous change in the value deviates from zero, triggering a feedback correction pulse. Step Q4, Result Reading: After the quantum computation is completed, the phase angle of each vortex is read through the topological charge monitoring module. Mapping back to qubits / state. Technical effect: Single-bit gate fidelity Double-bit gate fidelity The coherence time is extended by approximately [amount missing] compared to when there is no topology protection. times. Example 2: Magnetic field sensing mode (high-sensitivity quantum magnetometer) Step S1, Sensing Mode Configuration: Switch to "Quantum Sensing Mode" via the mode configuration controller and select... Several vortices are used as sensing probes, and the topological charge of these vortices is initially set to... The remaining vortices remain , so that the initial total topological load . Step S2, Signal Integration: External Magnetic Field This causes a phase shift in the probe vortex, the amount of which is related to... Proportional. Integration time. Configurable to μs to ms, the topology load monitoring module measures after integration. Change . Step S3, Magnetic Field Inversion: Based on Inversely calculate the strength of the external magnetic field ,in is a known gyrometry coefficient. Step S4, Repeated Measurement: Multiple measurements can be performed and the average value taken to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Technical effect: Magnetic field sensitivity reaches T / The sensitivity is improved by approximately [percentage missing] compared to traditional magnetometers based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID). Orders of magnitude (limited by the accuracy of topological load measurement). Example 3: Hybrid Computing-Sensing Mode (Quantum Enhanced Radar) Step R1, Mixed-mode configuration: Divide the qubit array into two groups: One qubit is used for quantum computing (target recognition algorithm). One quantum bit is used for quantum sensing (echo signal detection). Step R2, Parallel Operation: The computation group executes the quantum target recognition algorithm, while the sensing group simultaneously detects the echo signal. The topology charge monitoring module simultaneously monitors the topology charge of both sets of vortices; the computation group's bias is used for error correction, and the sensing group's bias is used for signal extraction. Step R3, Result Fusion: The calculation group outputs the target recognition result, and the sensing group outputs the echo signal strength. The two are fused in an external processor to realize the quantum-enhanced radar function. Technical effect: Target recognition accuracy improved by approximately The sensitivity of echo signal detection is improved by approximately This will enable the integration of computing and sensing in a quantum-enhanced radar system, achieving a multiple of [number] times the performance. Terminology Explanation

[0005] Quantum bit-vortex mapping: This is a mapping relationship between the state of a physical quantum bit and the vortex topological charge and phase angle on a prime number spectrum manifold. It is the interface connecting the physical quantum bit and the topological protection framework. Topological quantum gate operations: A method of realizing quantum gate operations through the controlled path motion of vortices on a prime number spectrum manifold, with gate fidelity guaranteed by the conservation of topological charge. Topological quantum sensing: a method for measuring physical quantities with high sensitivity by utilizing the response of vortices to external disturbances (topological charge shift). Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a general block diagram of the unified hardware architecture; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the quantum bit-vortex mapping and quantum gate operation principle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of topological quantum sensing. Figure 4 This is a timing diagram for the switching between quantum computing and quantum sensing modes.

Claims

1. A unified hardware architecture for quantum computing and quantum sensing based on the topological constraints of prime number spectrum manifolds, characterized in that, include: A qubit-vortex mapping interface is configured to map the state of a physical qubit array to a prime spectral manifold. The vortex distribution on the topology; the topological quantum gate operation engine, configured to perform quantum gate operations through the controlled movement of vortices, with the fidelity of the quantum gate guaranteed by the conservation of topological charge; A topological quantum sensing probe is configured to use a portion of the vortex in the qubit array as a sensing probe. Changes in external physical quantities cause a shift in the total topological charge, and the physical quantity is inferred by measuring the shift. The topological charge monitoring and quantum state tomography module is configured to monitor the total topological charge and the phase angle of each vortex in real time, and reconstruct the complete quantum state of the qubit array; the feedback control and error correction module is configured to use the topological charge deviation as an error signal and feed it back to the quantum gate operation engine and the sensing probe control unit; the mode configuration and scheduling controller is configured to switch between quantum computing mode and quantum sensing mode. The results output and interface module is configured to output quantum computing results or quantum sensing measurement results.

2. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantum bit array includes at least one of superconducting quantum bits, ion trap quantum bits, semiconductor quantum dot quantum bits, or neutral atom arrays.

3. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned topological quantum gate operation engine, a single-qubit gate corresponds to a single vortex moving along a preset path, while a double-qubit gate corresponds to the entanglement motion of two vortices.

4. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensitivity of the topological quantum sensing probe is determined by the accuracy of the topological charge measurement, rather than by the coherence time of the qubits.

5. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topological charge monitoring and quantum state tomography module includes a vortex phase extraction circuit and a topological charge accumulator.

6. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mode switching delay is < 100 ns.

7. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The architecture achieves a quantum gate fidelity of > 99.5% in quantum computing mode.

8. The architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The architecture exhibits superior sensitivity in quantum sensing mode compared to... T / .

9. A unified method for quantum computing and quantum sensing based on prime number spectrum manifold topological constraints, applied to the architecture described in claims 1-8, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Select either quantum computing mode or quantum sensing mode through mode configuration and scheduling controller; S2. In quantum computing mode: decompose the quantum algorithm into vortex path sequence, execute the path to implement quantum gate operation, perform feedback error correction through topological charge monitoring, and read the calculation result; S3. In quantum sensing mode: configure the specified vortex as a sensing probe, integrate the external signal, measure the total topological charge offset, and invert the physical quantity value; S4. In hybrid mode: the computing group and the sensing group work in parallel and fuse the output results.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the hybrid mode, the computing group executes a quantum target recognition algorithm, while the sensing group simultaneously detects echo signals, thus realizing the quantum-enhanced radar function.

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