Battery pack with load stepped porosity aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environments

Abstract

The application relates to the field of new energy automobile batteries, in particular to a battery pack with a cold environment suitable load stepped-pore aluminum alloy and aerogel core material, which comprises a battery pack shell layer, a stepped-pore aluminum alloy core material, a battery pack, an aerogel thermal insulation layer, a battery pack upper shell cover, a battery interval thermal insulation layer and a stepped-pore aluminum alloy core material for side energy absorption. The battery interval thermal insulation layer comprises an insulation outer layer, an energy absorption folded plate and an aerogel insulation block. The battery interval thermal insulation layer can prevent the overheat diffusion between the battery packs and keep the temperature between the battery packs, the addition of the stepped-pore aluminum alloy core material and the stepped-pore aluminum alloy core material for side energy absorption improves the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of the battery pack, and the normal use of the battery pack is better ensured.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular to a battery pack suitable for cold-environment load-bearing stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material. Background technology:

[0002] Battery packs made of stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environments are mainly used to address the issues of insufficient impact resistance and heat preservation in cold environments for new energy vehicle batteries. The negative gradient impact characteristics of stepped porous aluminum alloy improve the energy absorption characteristics of the material; and the heat preservation properties of aerogel can increase the temperature of the battery pack in winter, preventing low temperatures from affecting battery use.

[0003] Currently, in cold regions like Northeast China, long winters with average temperatures dropping as low as -15°C severely impact the reaction rate of lithium-ion battery active materials in electric vehicles. This often results in electric vehicles in cold regions having less than 50% range, significantly affecting their normal operation. Furthermore, in low-temperature environments, fast charging time increases from 1 hour at room temperature to 2-3 hours. Additionally, the casing materials of automotive battery packs are mostly steel and aluminum alloys, which are heavy and have limited energy absorption, hindering the development of electric vehicles. Porous metal materials, however, possess advantages such as low density, high porosity, and large specific surface area, and are therefore widely used in the automotive industry. As a stepped-porous aluminum alloy, its layered pore structure results in superior energy absorption compared to ordinary porous aluminum alloys. Aerogels, with thermal conductivity as low as 0.014-0.025 W / (m·K), offer excellent insulation and are lightweight, meeting the lightweight requirements of new energy vehicles. Therefore, considering the current needs of cold regions and the insufficient impact resistance of automobiles, developing battery packs that better meet these requirements is an inevitable trend in the industry. Summary of the Invention:

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack with stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment load.

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention is:

[0006] A battery pack suitable for cold environment loads using stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material includes a battery pack outer shell layer, stepped porous aluminum alloy core material, battery pack, aerogel insulation layer, battery pack upper shell cover, battery heat insulation layer, and stepped porous aluminum alloy core material for side energy absorption, wherein the battery heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation outer layer, an energy absorption baffle, and an aerogel heat insulation block. The battery pack outer shell is located within the overall battery pack outer shell. The stepped porous aluminum alloy core material is fixed to the inner edge of the battery pack outer shell. The battery heat insulation layer is located inside the battery pack outer shell layer and is fixed to the inner lower shell of the battery pack outer shell layer. The heat insulation outer layer is the outer shell of the battery heat insulation layer and is made of aluminum alloy. The energy-absorbing baffles are fixed between the heat insulation outer layers by a triangular arrangement. The aerogel heat insulation block is fixedly placed between the energy-absorbing baffles and the triangular gaps of the heat insulation outer layer. The battery pack is fixed between the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material and the battery heat insulation layer. The aerogel insulation layer covers the battery pack. The battery pack upper shell cover is located on the aerogel insulation layer and is fixed to the battery pack outer shell layer from the side. The side energy absorption is fixed to the side of the battery pack outer shell layer by the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material to prevent side impact.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material is a stepped porous aluminum alloy located on the inner side of the entire battery pack outer shell layer. The material pores are arranged in a negative gradient, that is, large pores and high density are located on the inner side, close to the battery pack, while small pores and low density are located on the outer side, close to the battery pack outer shell layer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the heat insulation outer layer is an aluminum alloy plate, the energy-absorbing folding plates are arranged in a triangular shape to improve the energy absorption effect and impact resistance inside the battery pack, and the aerogel heat insulation block is triangular in shape and embedded between the energy-absorbing folding plates to prevent heat from spreading between the battery packs.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the aerogel insulation layer is a single piece of aerogel material that covers the battery pack, thereby improving the insulation capability of the battery pack.

[0010] As a preferred option, the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material for lateral energy absorption is triangular in shape and made of stepped porous aluminum alloy. The large pores and high density are located on the right-angled side of the triangle, while the small pores and low density are located on the outer side, thereby improving the impact resistance of the battery pack.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the outer shell layer of the battery pack and the upper cover of the battery pack are made of aluminum alloy sheet.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a battery pack with stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment loads. It has a diverse structure and function, and good thermal insulation effect. The battery insulation thermal layer can prevent overheating diffusion between battery packs and maintain the temperature between battery packs. The addition of stepped porous aluminum alloy core material and side energy absorption stepped porous aluminum alloy core material improves the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of the battery pack, and better ensures the normal use of the battery pack. Attached image description:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment load with stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment load with stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment load with stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material, after opening the cover.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment loads using stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the battery thermal insulation layer of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment load-bearing stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material structure of the battery pack of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment load-bearing stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material for lateral energy absorption in the battery pack of the present invention, which is applicable to cold environment loads and uses stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack cover structure of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment loads using stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material.

[0021] In the attached diagram: 1 is the outer shell of the battery pack, 2 is the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material, 3 is the aerogel insulation layer, 4 is the upper shell cover of the battery pack, 5 is the battery heat insulation layer, 6 is the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material for side energy absorption, 7 is the battery pack, 5-1 is the heat insulation outer layer, 5-2 is the energy absorption folding plate, and 5-3 is the aerogel heat insulation block. Detailed implementation method:

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0023] As shown in the attached figure, a battery pack suitable for cold environment loads using stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material includes a battery pack outer shell layer 1, a stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 2 fixed to the inner side of the battery pack outer shell layer 1, a battery heat insulation layer 5 fixedly connected to the lower layer of the battery pack outer shell layer 1, a battery pack 7 placed between the battery heat insulation layer 5 and the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 2, an aerogel insulation layer 3 covering the battery pack 7, a battery pack upper shell cover 4 fixed to the battery pack outer shell layer 1, and a side energy-absorbing stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 6 fixed to the side battery pack outer shell layer 1. The battery heat insulation layer 5 includes a heat insulation outer layer 5-1, an energy-absorbing baffle 5-2, and an aerogel heat insulation block 5-3. The heat insulation outer layer 5-1 is located on the outside of the battery heat insulation layer 5, the energy-absorbing baffle 5-2 is triangularly arranged inside the heat insulation outer layer 5-1, and the aerogel heat insulation block 5-3 is filled between the heat insulation outer layer 5-1 and the energy-absorbing baffle 5-2.

[0024] The working principle of this invention is to improve impact resistance through the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 2 located inside the battery pack outer shell layer 1 and the lateral energy-absorbing stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 6 located on the side of the battery pack outer shell layer 1. When the electric vehicle is involved in a collision, the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 2 and the lateral energy-absorbing stepped porous aluminum alloy core material 6 will cause the internal pores to collapse, rapidly absorbing energy and protecting the safety of the internal battery pack 7. In addition, the aerogel insulation layer 3 covers the battery pack 7, which can provide good heat preservation for the battery pack 7 and prevent the battery pack 7 from getting too cold in winter. The energy-absorbing baffle 5-2 and the heat-insulating outer layer 5-1 in the battery heat insulation layer 5 can ensure the separation of the battery pack 7 while ensuring safety during the collision of the electric vehicle and preventing excessive impact. The aerogel heat insulation block 5-3, by filling between the energy-absorbing baffle 5-2 and the heat-insulating outer layer 5-1, ensures that the heat between the battery packs will not diffuse to each other and cause thermal runaway, while ensuring the heat preservation performance between the battery packs.

[0025] The battery pack using the stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material of the present invention, which is suitable for cold environment loads, has excellent thermal insulation and impact resistance. The battery insulation layer can prevent overheating diffusion between battery packs and maintain the temperature between battery packs. The addition of stepped porous aluminum alloy core material and side energy absorption stepped porous aluminum alloy core material improves the impact resistance and energy absorption effect of the battery pack, which meets the requirements of the automotive industry.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack suitable for cold environment loads using stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material, comprising a battery pack outer shell layer (1), a stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (2), a battery pack (7), an aerogel insulation layer (3), a battery pack upper shell cover (4), a battery heat insulation layer (5), and a stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (6) for lateral energy absorption, wherein the battery heat insulation layer (5) includes a heat insulation outer layer (5-1), an energy absorption baffle (5-2), and an aerogel heat insulation block (5-3), the battery pack outer shell (1) is located on the outer shell of the overall battery pack, the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (2) is fixed to the inner edge of the battery pack outer shell (1), and the battery heat insulation layer (5) is located inside the battery pack outer shell layer (1) and fixed to the inner lower shell of the battery pack outer shell layer (1). The outer heat insulation layer (5-1) is the outer shell of the battery heat insulation layer (5), and is made of aluminum alloy. The energy-absorbing baffle (5-2) is fixed between the outer heat insulation layer (5-1) by a triangular arrangement. The aerogel heat insulation block (5-3) is fixed between the triangular gap between the energy-absorbing baffle (5-2) and the outer heat insulation layer (5-1). The battery pack (7) is fixed between the stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (2) and the battery heat insulation layer (5). The aerogel insulation layer (3) covers the battery pack (7). The battery pack top cover (4) is located on the aerogel insulation layer (3) and is fixed to the battery pack outer shell layer (1) by the side. The stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (6) for side energy absorption is fixed to the side of the battery pack outer shell layer (1) to prevent side collisions.

2. The battery pack of stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (2) is a stepped porous aluminum alloy, located on the inner side of the entire battery pack outer shell layer (1). The material pores are arranged in a negative gradient, that is, large pores and high density are located on the inner side, close to the battery pack (7), and small pores and low density are located on the outer side, close to the battery pack outer shell layer (1).

3. A battery pack with a stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment loads, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation outer layer (5-1) is an aluminum alloy plate, and the energy-absorbing folding plate (5-2) is arranged in a triangular shape to improve the energy absorption effect and impact resistance inside the battery pack. The aerogel heat insulation block (5-3) is triangular in shape and is embedded between the arrangement of the energy-absorbing folding plate (5-2) to prevent heat from spreading between the battery packs (7).

4. A battery pack with a stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment loads, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aerogel insulation layer (3) is a single piece of aerogel material that covers the battery pack (7) to improve the insulation capacity of the battery pack.

5. A battery pack with a stepped porous aluminum alloy and aerogel core material suitable for cold environment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped porous aluminum alloy core material (6) for lateral energy absorption is triangular in shape and made of stepped porous aluminum alloy. Its large pores and high density are located on the right-angle side of the triangle, while its small pores and low density are located on the outside, which improves the impact resistance of the battery pack.

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